CPA Implementation Progress: Status and Challenges Luka Biong Deng Minister of Presidential Affairs, GoSS Sudan Consortium Juba, 21 st March 2007.

CPA Implementation Progress: Status and Challenges

Luka Biong DengMinister of Presidential Affairs, GoSSSudan ConsortiumJuba, 21st March 2007

1. Primary Responsibilities of GoSS

Maintenance of peace and security; Reconstruction and development; Promotion of good governance and welfare of the

people; Implementation of the Comprehensive Peace

Agreement; Acting as the link between the National Government

and the States of Southern Sudan; and Ensuring the protection of the rights and interests of the

people in Southern Sudan.

Article 56 of Interim Constitution of Southern Sudan

(a) GoSS and CPA Implementation

GOSS Sudan has a constitutional obligation and responsibility to implement, monitor, assess and evaluate progress in the implementation of the CPA.

This necessitates regular review of achievements, challenges and constraints facing the implementation of the CPA.

Such review needs to be gauged against benchmarks of institutional reforms, democratic transformation, decentralization and devolution of powers, social justice as critical aspects of the CPA

(b) CPA Implementation Monitoring

More than two years elapsed since the signing of the CPA in Jan. 2005

GoSS is almost one and half years old since its establishment in Oct. 2005

Few attempts to provide CPA monitoring reports (Presidency GoNU, UN Monitors, AEC).

No systematic and comprehensive stocktaking of the CPA implementation progress.

Lack of informed judgment on CPA implementation.

(c) CPA Implementation Monitoring in Southern Sudan

Office of the President of GoSS as the head of GoSS that represents the will of the people and all levels of government in Southern Sudan.

GoSS Ministry of Presidential Affairs is in the process of establishing Department of Inter-Governmental Relations that will be tasked to regularly monitor the implementation of CPA in collaboration with other stakeholders

2. Aspects of the Progress Report

Implementation Modalities with detailed and implementable provisions of all protocols of the CPA (provisions, timing, funding etc.)

Progress Report focuses on main provisions, timing of implementation, responsible institutions, status of implementation and key challenges.

Status of implementation is classified into provisions implemented, not implemented, not due, partially implemented and on-going .

Key challenges (major constraints and necessary actions needed)

(a) CPA: Major Achievements

Relative Peace and stability in most ceasefire zones. Institutions (executive, legislature and judiciary) of

government at all levels have been established and are becoming operational gradually.

Most constitutions of all levels of government in Sudan have been passed.

More resources transferred to the GoSS and states and for pro-poor programmes.

Increased economic growth and booming of trading activities and increased role of private sector in provision of social services and peace dividends.

(b) CPA Implementation: General Overview

Total Number of Provisions 209 Implemented Provisions 103 Unimplemented Provisions 54 Partially Implemented Provisions 26 Provisions not due 26 Status of Implementation 56%

CPA Implementation: General Overview

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

No

. o

f P

rovis

ion

s

Implemented Not Implemented PartiallyImplemented

Not Due

Status of Implementation

CPA Implementation: General Overview

(c) Protocols Implementation Status

Power Sharing 64% Wealth Sharing 54% Security Arrangements 66% Two States 57% Abyei Area 30%

Protocols Implementation Status

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Sta

tus o

f Im

ple

men

tati

on

PowerSharing

WealthSharing

SecurityArrangements

Two States Abyei Area

Protocols

CPA Protocols Status of Implementation

(c) CPA Implementation: Key Challenges

Quantitative achievements (56%) do not lead to fundamental transformation without content, adequate mechanisms and resources for effective implementation and sustenance.

Critical aspects of the CPA (Abyei, North-South Border, Oil Sector Management, Population Census, OAGs, Deployment of SAF Forces) are not implemented because of strategic interest in oil sector.

(3) Machakos and Power Sharing Protocols(a) Status of Implementation


Machakos and Power Sharing Protocols(b) Key Challenges

Decisions making process in the Presidency, National Council of Ministers and National Legislature.

Population Census/General Elections North-South Border Demarcation National Reconciliation and Healing Process Media and Press National Security Service National Capital Foreign Policy Critical Commissions (Human Rights, Civil Service)

(4) Wealth Sharing Agreement(a) Status of Implementation


Wealth Sharing Agreement(a) Status of Implementation

0

5

10

15

20

25

No. of Pro

visio

ns


Not Due


Wealth Sharing Agreement Implementation Status

Wealth Sharing Agreement(b) Key Challenges

Transparent Petroleum Management. FFAMC, National Revenue Fund and States

Support Fund. Conventional Banking in Southern Sudan National Reconstruction and Development Fund

and three areas and war affected areas (75%). National Land Commission MDTFs Delivery and Peace Dividends New currency and counterfeiting

(5) Security Arrangements(a) Status of Implementation


Security Arrangements(a) Status of Implementation

0

5

10

15

20

25

No

. o

f P

rovis

ion

s


Not Due


Security Arrangements

Security Arrangements(b) Key Challenges

Ceasefire Political Commission SAF Demobilized Forces SAF Redeployment Schedule (50% vs. 28%) Level of SAF forces in two states JIUs joint armaments and training Other Armed Groups Popular Defense Force and Unified Police DDR Programme

(6) Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile States(a) Status of Implementation

Total Number of Provisions 33 Implemented Provisions 16 Unimplemented Provisions 9 Partially Implemented Provisions 2 Provisions not due

5 Status of Implementation 57%

Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile States(a) Status of Implementation

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

No

. o

f P

rovis

ion

s


Not Due


Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile States

Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile States(b) Key Challenges

Popular Defense Force Police and civil service integration as per CPA SAF forces level Ceasefire zones and boundaries of Blue Nile Change in governorship is due Inadequate budget allocation to the two states

including additional allocation from the Presidency.

States Land Commissions not established

(7) Abyei Area(a) Status of Implementation


Abyei Area(a) Status of Implementation

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

No

. o

f P

rovis

ion

s


Not Due


Abyei Area

Abyei Area(b) Key Challenges

Abyei Boundaries Commission’s recommendations as final and binding

Special administrative status Establishment of Abyei Area Administration Reconciliation and peace building SAF presence despite the deployment of JIUs Restriction on movements of UN monitors Budget allocation and oil revenue transfers Representation in the Council of States

Conclusion

Considerable progress in the implementation of the CPA. More political will and commitment to peace as the only

option for Sudan. Effective monitoring system of CPA Implementation,

particularly during the next critical phase (population census, mid-term review, general elections, popular consultation, right of self-determination referendum, post-interim period)

International community to increase its support and scaled up its monitoring role during the next critical phase of CPA implementation.

CPA Implementation Progress: Status and Challenges Luka Biong Deng Minister of Presidential Affairs, GoSS Sudan Consortium Juba, 21 st March 2007.

Documents

implementation of cpa

cpa implementation progress

cpa implementation goss

cpa slide

cpa provisions

people implementation

timing of implementation

due26 status of implementation