CP-IDP

A Benchmarking Survey

Of Municipalities Of Gujarat

For Reduction In NRW/UFW

Presented by:Satya MehtaPurshotam Solanki

Guided By:Dr. Seri Chinnam Reddy

Few Important Terminologies

NRW- Non Revenue WaterUFW- Unaccounted for WaterULB- Urban Local BodiesSLB- Service level Benchmarks

Water: A brief introduction

Chemical formula: H2oEarth contains 70.9% water(glaciers:2.4%, oceans: 97%, river lakes ponds: 0.6%)

Earth's approximate water volume : 1360000000 km3

Water in India

Rainfall & snow melt combination: 1869 BCM (37% mobilized)

Average rainfall: 1170mmGround water: 431 BCM

Water supply in IndiaAccess to drinking water : 88% urban, 72% rural

Average water supply duration : 4.3hours/day (20 biggest cities)

Chandigarh highest (12hours/day) and Rajkot lowest (0.6hours/day)

Prahaladnagar, Ahmedabad is only fully metered ward in India with 24hours water supply.

Service Level Benchmarks (SLBs)issued by MoUD

Water connection coverage: 100%Per capita supply of water: 135lpcdNRW extent: 15%Metering extent: 100%Customer complaint redressal: 80%Quality of water supplied:100%Cost recovery: 100%Continuity of water supply: 24hoursEfficiency in collection of water charges: 90%

A MoUD survey, January 2011Sr No Indicator Benchmark Ahmedabad Delhi Surat Chandigarh

1 Coverage 100% 85.4 71.5 86.6 87

2 Supply 135lpcd 12.1 144 147 158

3 NRW 15% 31 52.4 20.4 31

4 Metering 100% No Data 55.3 0.4 73

5 Continuity 24Hrs 2 3 3 17.5

6 Efficiency 80% 99.2 73 94.8 100

7 Quality 100% 94.8 99.5 100 100

8 Recovery 100% 53.8 41.6 92.3 64

9 Collection 90% 60.3 86.3 94 89

Need of SLBsPerformance indicators for all stakeholdersStrom water, drainage and sanitation too do have

SLBsMany organizations do had their own reports and

surveys to define benchmarks which created confusion.

Water: only way to survive on Planet Earth

Water balance in typical Indian City

Research MethodologyResearch Objective: 

1. A survey of Indian Municipal Corporation as an Initiative to share the best practices worldwide to reduce NRW / UFW in public water supply systems

2. Tries to find out current benchmark status in Indian Municipalities Exposure of ULBs’ policy makers with global standards

3. Type of awareness and efforts for fulfilling SLBs4. Technological Savviest approach of Indian

municipalities. 

Research MethodologyTarget population1. Municipal Corporation ward’s corporators2. Water Departments of municipality

Research MethodologySample Size 

Total: 45

15 from Ahmedabad15 from Rajkot12 from Jamnagar03 from Vadodara

Research MethodologySampling technique A combination of Convenient and Judgment Sampling.

Sources of DataSurvey via questionnaire (contact method) containing 11 different questions

Research MethodologyLITERATURE REVIEWSEAWUN Water Supply Benchmark Survey, (2003)Key objective of the SEAWUN benchmark survey is to give useful results back to the participants as well generally raise the awareness in South East Asia of the usefulness of benchmarking water supply companies and encouraging others to participate in coming years.

National City Water Survey, Washington D.C (2005)Its purpose is to provide a forum for discussion of issues impacting how cities provide and protect community water and wastewater services. This survey was intended to distinguish priorities among the problem issues, providing invaluable information for federal policy discussions.

Research MethodologyLIMITATIONS1. Time constraints, as only 10days per assignment

were allotted.2. Lack of Secondary Data, as it was the first ever

private project of such type in Gujarat Municipalities.

3. Budget constraint, data collection among 4 cities from authorities was extremely costly, including appointments, conveyance, boarding and lodging leading; Convenient and Judgment sampling, and sampling size of 45 in total from 4 cities.

Analysis The pattern of water supply (Hours/ day) in my area is as

follows.

Less than 1hour 1-2 hour 2-4 hour 4-6 hour 6 hour or more

15

18

9

3

0

No of Respondents

Analysis The pattern of water supply (No of times / Day) in my

area is

1 time 2 times 3 times more than 3 times

36

9

0 0

Respondents

Analysis The pattern of water supply (No of days / week ) in my

area is

1 2 3 4 5 6 70 0 0 0 0

12

33Respondents

Analysis The following problems occur because of leakage in

water pipelines. (Multiple Choice)

8%

24%

13%32%

8%

11%

5%

Respondents

Unavailability of water supplyWater lossIncreased operations and maintenance costWater loggingRoad collapsingTraffic JamsAccidents

Analysis The following leak detection techniques are used

(Multiple choice)

15%

46%8%

4%

27%

Respondents

By observing water logging

Digging the entire network to detect leakage

Pressure management of pipeline

Geographic Information System

Real time measurement

Use of Noise Logging Technology

By regular audit approach

AnalysisThe measures taken to reduce Non Revenue Water. (Multiple choice)

32%

14%21%

14%

18%

Respondents

Preventive network inspec-tionPreventive maintenance of distribution networkReducing illegal connec-tions and water theftReal time monitoring of networkCarrying on water auditsUse of Noise Logging Technology

AnalysisWe are planning to fulfil the following service level benchmarks issued by government of India. (Multiple choice)

47%

13%

10%

30%

Respondents

100% coverage of water supply connections100% metering of all water connections24 hours continuous water supply80% efficiency in address-ing customer complaints

AnalysisThe following steps can lead me to fulfil the service level benchmarks (Multiple choice)

20%

6%

17%

34%

23%

Respondents

Increasing efficiency in addressing customerMonitoring the per-formance indicatorsCarrying on water auditContinuous monitoring of water distribution networkUsing advanced leak de-tection technique

AnalysisA continuous water supply (24 by 7) will require the following. (Multiple choice)

14%

28%

31%

22%

6%

Respondents

Huge amount of waterMetering of all connectionsAdvanced leak detection technologyReal time monitoring of water distribution networkUsing advanced leak de-tection technique

AnalysisI have attended the following international programs.

7%

13%

27%

53%

Respondents

World water weekWorld water dayWater and sanitation programOther

AnalysisI understand that getting access to the best practices with respect to managing the public water utilities via international programs world facilitate to effectively implement the following.

31%

17%17%

19%

14%

2%

RespondentsContinuous ( 2 4 by 7 ) wa-ter supply100 % coverage of water supply connections100% metered water connectionsAdvanced leak detection technologyReal time monitoring of water distribution network100% efficiency in collec-tion of revenues

Data SheetOptions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Q. No

1 15 18 9 3 0

2 36 9 0 0

3 0 0 0 0 0 12 33

4 9 27 15 36 9 12 6 9

5 12 36 0 6 3 0 21

6 27 12 18 12 15 0

7 42 12 9 27

8 21 6 18 36 24

9 15 30 33 24 6

10 3 6 12 24

11 39 21 21 24 18 3

FindingsWater supply is intermittent in nature. Still conventional approaches for solving water leakages are used.

24*7 water supply, still a distant dream due to, no 100% metering, no 100% connections.

Need of technological up gradation in ULBs 

Policy makers and implementers need global exposure to know best international water management practises.

Suggestions Advance leak detection technology usage should be

considerably increased in ULBs. Water management consultancy should be taken by ULBs,

dignifying ample fund received from Centre and State for system up gradation.

SHGs should be formed among societies and cooperatives who take care of water and its usage in respective areas.

PPP propaganda should be on top of ULBs agenda in area of water management system.

Policy implementers should be given chance to gain access and experience Internationally reputed and acclaimed Municipalities for knowledge sharing and technical know-how of various aspects of managing public water utilities.

Programs even on rain water, storm water and re-processing of water should be carried out at a peak level, as OCED reports of water scarcity in Indian subcontinent by 2030.

Questions ???

Thank you