Computer software form 4

COMPUTER SOFTWARE

FORM 4

Definition of Software

Also called a computer program It consists of a series of instructions

that tells the hardware of a computer what to do or how to do it

For example : Some instruction direct the computer to

allow you to input data from a keyboard and store it in the memory

Other instructions cause data stored in memory to be used in calculations

Usage of Software

Interact with the program through its user interface

This user interface controls how you enter data, instructions and how information is displayed on the screen

Types of Software

2. Application Software All program that perform specific tasks for users

1.System SoftwareUsed to control and manage computer devices and operations

Software

Operating System

Utility Program

Examples of application software

Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Outlook

Express and Internet Explorer

System Software

Operating System program that is loaded into the computer

and coordinates all the activities among computer hardware devices

controls the hardware in the computer , peripherals, manages memory and files

enables the user to communicate with the computer and other software

examples of operating system are Microsoft Windows, Macintosh OS X, Linux , Unix and also DOS

System Software

Utility Programs allows user to perform maintenance-type

tasks It has been integrated into most major

operating systems such as format, check and defragment disks

examples of utility programs are antivirus and file compression programs

Example of System Software

Example of Application Software

Functions of Operating System

Starting a computer

Providing a user interface

Managing data & programs

Managing memory

Configuring Devices

Functions of OS

Functions of OS

Functions of Operating System Starting a Computer

first function of an operating system When start a computer, it loads the

operating system into the computer's memory. This process is called booting

What is Booting

Booting means to load and initialize the operating system on a computer machine. It can happen in two ways which is warm boot or cold boot

starting a computer that is already off. It happenswhen we turn on a computer that has been completely powered off

COLD BOOTCOLD BOOT

restarting a computer that is already on. It normallyhappens after installing a new software or hardware or after anapplication crashes or stops working.

WARM BOOTWARM BOOT

Functions of Operating System Providing a user interface

the most important function of an operating system, is providing the user interface

controls how the user enters data and instruction and how information is displayed

The user interface typically enables users: to start an application program to manage disks and files such as formatting,

copying and renaming to shut down the computer safely by following

the correct procedures

Functions of Operating System Providing a user interface

The three (3) types of user interface are Command-Line, Menu-Driven and Graphical, User Interface (GUI)

Functions of Operating System

Managing data & program When we start an application, the CPU loads

the application from storage into memory Multitasking operating systems enable users to

work with two or more application programs at the same time

Functions of Operating System

Managing memory Operating system is also responsible

for managing memory such as : optimizing the use of Random Access

Memory (RAM) allocating data and instruction to an area of

memory while being processed monitoring the contents of memory releasing data and instructions from being

monitored in memory when the process is done

Functions of Operating System Configuring Devices

Handling input and output, as well as enabling communication with input and output devices

Most operating systems come with drivers for popular input and output devices

These drivers install new devices and check whenever there is conflict with these devices

Types of Application Software Word Processing Spreadsheet Presentation Graphics Editing

Word Processing

Example : Microsoft Word, Corel Word Perfect, EasyWord, Celframe Word, Kword, OpenOffice Write

Allows users to create and manipulate documents containing mostly text and sometimes graphics

Can be used to produce documents such as letters, memos, reports, fax cover, sheets, mailing labels, news letters and web pages

Spreadsheet

Example : Microsoft Excel, Corel Quattro Pro, EasySpreadsheet, Celframe Spreadsheet, Kspread, openOffice Calc

Allows users to organize and manipulate data in rows and columns. Contains cell on which you can insert formula, labels, perform automatic recalculation

Produce worksheets that require repetitive recalculation

Features : containing formula, making charts, what-if analysis function, making query

Presentation

Example : Microsoft PowerPoint, Corel Presentations, EasyPresentation, Celframe PowerPresentation, Kpresenter, OpenOffice Impress

Allows users to create visual aids for presentations to communicate ideas, messages and other information to an audience

Also can insert audio in our presentation; but editing the audio using audio editing software such as Sony Sound 7.0

Graphics Editing

Example : Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, Corel Draw, Jasc Paint Shop Pro, Inkscape

Allows users to work with drawings, photos and pictures

Provide users the ability of creating, manipulating and printing graphics

Types of Application Software Software Suite

Collection of individual program sold as single package

Designed to enhance the performance our work. It typically includes Word Processing, Spreadsheet, Presentation, E-mail

Currently, Microsoft Office is a very popular example of software suite being used

Utility Programs

Also known as service programs, is a type of system software that allow user to perform maintenance-type task, usually related to managing a computer

Types of utility programs: Built in – windows explorer, disk cleanup, disk

defragmenter Stand-alone utility – winzip, norton utility,

kaspersky

Utility Programs

Utility Programs Examples

1. File Management Windows Explorer

2. Diagnostic Utility Norton Utilities

3. File Compression WinZip, WinRAR, PKZip

4. Antivirus Kaspersky, AVG, Avast

5. Defragmenter Disk Defragmenter, Norton Speed Disk

6. Disk Scanner

Proprietary & Open Source Software

Proprietary Software (Closed Source Software) Company develop the owns software Have to pay the software if want to use Example : Microsoft Office 2007, Adobe Photoshop

CS3, Windows 7 Open Source Software

Free to use provides the original source code used to create it

so that advanced users can modify it to make it work better for them

Example : Linux, Mozilla Firefox 3.0, OpenOffice.org

Differences between Proprietary & Open Source Software

Open Software Proprietary

Linux, Ubuntu, OpenOffice.org Windows Vista, Microsoft Word

Purchased with its source code

Purchased without its source code

Users can modify the software

Users cannot modify the software

Can get open software for free of charge

Must pay to get the proprietary software

Can install software freely into any computer

Must have a license from vendor before install into computer

No one is responsible to the software

Full support from vendor if anything happened to the software