COMPUTER HARDWARE
COMPUTER HARDWARE
WHAT IS COMPUTER HARDWARE?
Refers to the physical and mechanical components of the computer system.
It consists of devices such as: circuit boards chips Monitors Disks Disk drives Modem Keyboards Printers
EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER HARDWARE
MECHANICAL CALCULATOR
made by Wilhelm Schickard.used cogs and gears similar to
those in clocks .
PUNCH CARD TECHNOLOGY
ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATOR ANALYZER AND
COMPUTER(ENIAC)
designed by John Presper and John William Mauchly.
it was built by the US Army in 1945 to calculate the trajectory of ballistic missiles, at a cost of almost $500,000.
FUNCTIONS OF COMPUTER HARDWARE
STORAGE Refers to the ability of computer to store and
retain data in their memories
Types of Memory
1. Volatile memory - refers to computer memory that requires electric power to maintain stored data.
ex. Random-access memory (RAM)2. Non-volatile memory – retains data even if
electric is cut off.ex. hard disks, floppy disks, and CD
ROMs
PROCESS Data processing - Is defined as the conversion of
data from one format to another
DATA – refers to a collection of numbers and characters which the computer understands.
MICROPROCESSOR – brain of the computer controls the flow of data – Central processing unit (CPU)
METHOD OF PROCESSING Parallel Processing - harnesses the power
multiple processors in one computing entity to perform a single task.
Distributed Processing - is used to bind multiple computing entity so that they become a single centralized unit focused on common task or goal.
INPUT computer hardware can take commands and be
fed with information
Input Devices Keyboard Mouse Trackball touch pad Joystick graphic tablet light pen cyber gloves touch screen
OUTPUT
ways for computers to communicate to the outside world, beginning with you.
Output Devices Monitor or screen Speaker printer
PARTS OF THE
COMPUTER
MONITOR
screen that displays what is going on in the computer.
KEYBOARD
Used to input textual information to the computer
MOUSE
lets you feeds instructions to the computer by simply pointing and clicking in a graphical environment
SYSTEM CASE
box that house the CPU.It has expansion slots contains
spare drive bays, and allows space to work inside for
attachments to the system unit.
MOTHERBOARD
main circuit board in the computer.
Its chipset must support the kind of hardware you want with your system.
MAIN MEMORY/RAM
allows computers to store and retain information.
PROCESSOR
brain of the computer that handles the flow of all data.
HARD DISK
storage device that holds the operating system and other programs and data files.
FLOPPY DISK DRIVE
Perhaps the slowest form of long term secondary storage for the computer is the floppy disk with 1.44 MB disk drive.
CD-ROM/DVD-ROM DRIVE
reads CDs or DVDs.
VIDEO/GRAPHICS CARD
most graphics cards today have at least 32 MB.
Using a card that has less might cause problems with the computer you are building because many programs that use heavy graphics will not work.
SOUND CARD
converts data into sound to be sent to speakers or converts sounds to digital formats.
CABLE CONNECTORS
computer parts cannot come together by themselves.
OTHER PERIPHERALS
optional devices that you connect to your computer, like printers and removable storage devices.
PREPARED BY:Charity_Castro