Comparitive Management

8/9/2019 Comparitive Management

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The Business SchoolThe Business SchoolUniversity of JammuUniversity of Jammu

ComparativeComparative

ManagementManagementInIn

Selected CountriesSelected Countries

By: Mandeep SinghBy: Mandeep SinghRoll No. 10Roll No. 10MBA 1MBA 1st st SemSem


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The Business SchoolUniversity of Jammu

Greet Hofstede StudyGreet Hofstede Study

More than 1,10,000 people were studied.More than 1,10,000 people were studied.Study showed that a country s cultureStudy showed that a country s culture

affects the behavior of employees.affects the behavior of employees.


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Classified behaviors in 5 dimensions:Classified behaviors in 5 dimensions:

1.1. Individualism Vs. CollectivismIndividualism Vs. Collectivism2.2. Large Power Distance Vs. Small PowerLarge Power Distance Vs. Small Power

DistanceDistance3.3. Uncertainty Tolerance Vs. UncertaintyUncertainty Tolerance Vs. Uncertainty

Avoidance Avoidance

4.4. Masculinity Vs. FemininityMasculinity Vs. Femininity5.5. Short Term Orientation Vs. Long TermShort Term Orientation Vs. Long Term

OrientationOrientation


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Results of StudyResults of Study

Individualism prevailed in U.S.A., Australia,Individualism prevailed in U.S.A., Australia,Britain & Canada.Britain & Canada.Collectivism prevailed in Guatemala,Collectivism prevailed in Guatemala,E cuador and Panama.E cuador and Panama.Out of 50 countries studied, India & JapanOut of 50 countries studied, India & Japanstood at 21stood at 21 st st & 22& 22ndnd ranks respectively.ranks respectively.

H.K., Singapore, Thailand & Taiwan rankedH.K., Singapore, Thailand & Taiwan rankedbetween 37 & 34, indicating tendencybetween 37 & 34, indicating tendencytowards collectivism.towards collectivism.


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Results of StudyResults of Study

Japan, Austria, Italy & Switzerland rankedJapan, Austria, Italy & Switzerland rankedhigh on Masculinity/Femininity scale.high on Masculinity/Femininity scale.

Sweden, Norway, The Netherlands andSweden, Norway, The Netherlands andDenmark are skewed towards femininismDenmark are skewed towards femininism


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F ranceF ranceLe Plan and The CadreLe Plan and The Cadre


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Main Features ..Main Features ..Govt. planning on national scale.Govt. planning on national scale.

Aims at coordinating plans of individual Aims at coordinating plans of individualindustries and companies.industries and companies.Use country s resources in most effectiveUse country s resources in most effectivemanner by avoiding expansion in uneconomicmanner by avoiding expansion in uneconomicareas.areas.

It is believed that management schools provideIt is believed that management schools providethe managerial elite.the managerial elite.


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Managers should possess analytical ability,Managers should possess analytical ability,independence & proficiency in synthesizingindependence & proficiency in synthesizing

facts.facts.Written communication is consideredWritten communication is consideredimportant & oral is deimportant & oral is de- -emphasized.emphasized.Rationality, problem solving and numericalRationality, problem solving and numericalanalysis are important for obtaining highanalysis are important for obtaining highmanagerial posts.managerial posts.


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GermanyGermany Authority and Codetermination Authority and Codetermination


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Main Features .Main Features .

Traditionally favored reliance onTraditionally favored reliance on Authority Authority inindirecting workforce.directing workforce.

E ven today, if managers show concern forE ven today, if managers show concern forcoordinates, then they also expect obedience.coordinates, then they also expect obedience.Codetermination Law (1951) requiresCodetermination Law (1951) requires LaborLabormembership in supervisory board and E xecutivemembership in supervisory board and E xecutiveCommittee.Committee.


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Japanese Management Japanese Management


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Main Features .Main Features .

Lifetime E mployment for permanent Lifetime E mployment for permanent employees (related to staffing function) byemployees (related to staffing function) bylarge firms.large firms.Great concern for individual employee.Great concern for individual employee.E mphasis onE mphasis on SenioritySeniority ..Consensus Decision Making where lowerConsensus Decision Making where lowerlevel employees initiate an idea and submit level employees initiate an idea and submit it to next higher level until it reaches top.it to next higher level until it reaches top.Collective Responsibility.Collective Responsibility.


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T heory Z & T ype Z OrganizationsT heory Z & T ype Z Organizations

In this selected Japanese managerial practices areIn this selected Japanese managerial practices areadopted to the environment of U.S.Aadopted to the environment of U.S.AUsed by IBM, HP, DaytonUsed by IBM, HP, Dayton- -Hudson.Hudson.E mphasis on the INT E RPE RSONAL skills.E mphasis on the INT E RPE RSONAL skills.Group decision making but INDIVIDUALGroup decision making but INDIVIDUALresponsibility.responsibility.

E mphasis on informal and democratic relationshipsE mphasis on informal and democratic relationshipsbased on trust.based on trust.Hierarchy still remains intact.Hierarchy still remains intact.


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Some Other Countries .Some Other Countries .

KoreaKoreaHierarchy with family members occupyingHierarchy with family members occupying

key positions.key positions.TopTop--Down leadership approachDown leadership approach

Australia Australia

E mphasis on political & social values,E mphasis on political & social values,achievement and Risk takingachievement and Risk taking


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ItalyItalyLow Tolerance for riskLow Tolerance for riskGroup Decision MakingGroup Decision Making


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Corporate E xamples .Corporate E xamples .

Acquisition of Acquisition of Cie Generale de RadiologieCie Generale de Radiologie(CGR)(CGR) byby GEGE

Learning:Learning: Acquiring different companies with Acquiring different companies withdifferent org. culture requires carefuldifferent org. culture requires carefulplanning and even more carefulplanning and even more carefulImplementation!Implementation!


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Corporate E xamples .Corporate E xamples .

Airtel s Airtel s policy forpolicy for J&K J&K


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C onclusion ..C onclusion ..

Managers need to understand the culturalManagers need to understand the culturalenvironments, the managerial setups andenvironments, the managerial setups andtheir implications in order to be successful intheir implications in order to be successful inthe country/region in which they dothe country/region in which they dobusinessbusiness


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Thank You!!!...Thank You!!!...

Comparitive Management

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