Cold-hardy Grape Germplasm Collection, Geneva, NY Acquire Maintain Conserve Characterize Evaluate Distribute Vitis Genetic Diversity Tenturier cultivar Leaf senescence Geneva, NY cold hardy grapes ~ 1371 accessions On own roots ~ 68% are Vitis hybrid ~20 species Davis, CA cold tender grapes ~ 3000 accessions ~ half are Vitis vinifera - 45 species Vitis aestivalis 29 Vitis amurensis 19 Vitis cinerea 47 Vitis coignetiae 11 Vitis hybrid 929 Vitis labrusca 45 Vitis monticola 2 Vitis mustangensis 1 Vitis palmata 7 Vitis piasezkii 3 Vitis pseudoreticulata 2 Vitis riparia 80 Vitis romaneti 4 Vitis rupestris 36 Vitis spp. 24 Vitis vinifera 84 Vitis tilifolia 1 Vitis thunbergii 1 Vitis vulpina 16 Vitis X champinii 4 Vitis X doaniana 2 Vitis X novae-angliae 1 Vitis yenshanensis 2 Ampelopsis aconitifolia var glabra 1 Ampelopsis brevipedunculata 4 Cissus sp. 1 Total 1371 Acquire Developed selections from breeders Elmer Swenson 1913-2004 pioneering grape breeder who revolutionized grape growing in cold and short- seasoned regions Wild accessions through exploration Mexico Kazakhstan USA Vitis mustangensis, Alabama (new, disjunct population) I1_01_005_PI_588118_01 DESCRIPTOR No. of accessions Berry length 1026 Berry shape 980 Berry size 975 Berry weight 979 Berry width 1026 Berry flavor 973 Bloom date 1078 Brix 979 Budburst date ~1350 Cluster length 1023 Cluster weight 981 Cluster width 980 Digital images ~1800 Flesh color 979 Peduncle length 980 Seedlesness 951 Sex of flower 1245 Skin color 1031 Characterize and Evaluate Collaborative evaluations 1) Berry resveratrol concentration 2) Leaf resveratrol content 3) Crown gall susceptibility 4) Genome size in base pairs 5) Genome size in pico grams In progress 6) Phomopsis resistance (Dr. Wilcox, CU) 7) Powdery mildes resistance (Dr. Reisch, CU ) 8) Genetics of grape-pathogen interactions (Dr. Cadle-Davidson, GGRU) 9) Key Secondary Metabolites (Dr. Chen, CU) min 0 10 20 30 40 50 mAU 0 5 10 15 20 DAD1 C, Sig=365,20 Ref=off (C:\DOCUME~1\LC89\DESKTOP\05230008.D) 365nm min 0 10 20 30 40 50 mAU 0 20 40 60 80 100 DAD1 E, Sig=525,20 Ref=off (C:\DOCUME~1\LC89\DESKTOP\05230008.D) 525nm min 0 10 20 30 40 50 mAU 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 DAD1 A, Sig=280,20 Ref=off (C:\DOCUME~1\LC89\DESKTOP\05230008.D) 280nm Plus Passport Data All information available at: http://www.ars-grin.gov Characterizations Molecular: SSR fingerprint of every vine Photo documentation Vitis sylvestris PI 157518 10) Virus Indexing and Therapy (Dr. Fuchs, CU) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 No accessions annually mean = 1262 Annual distribution of grape germplasm 1988-2009 Grape total accessions distributed = 27,766 Grape total orders = 1413 Grape orders per year mean = 64 range 14 - 145 Distribute Dormant Cuttings, Seeds, Pollen, Flowers, Fruit, Leaves Research and Collaborations Phylogenomic Analysis of Grapes • Resequencing • 27 EST-derived markers • 11,400 aligned base pairs • 304 accessions (North America, China, Europe) • Phylogeographic analysis • Evolutionary history • Assess genetic diversity • develop tools/markers for • Germplasm conservation/use • Collaboration • Horizon x Ill547-1 • Numerous disease response/ viticultural traits • Germplasm characterization • Marker assisted selection Functional Marker Development Vitis9KSNP Array Supported