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CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00
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CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Mar 31, 2015

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Page 1: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

CMC/CC A

Information Visualization

Master IK, CIW, MMI

L.M. Bosveld-de Smet

Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00

Page 2: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Information visualizationfor the general public

IV is moving out of research laboratories IV is reaching users

Examples: http://www.peets.com http://www3.cancer.gov/atlasplus http://www.sytadin.tm.fr

Page 3: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Information Visualization Tools

IV is still a novelty for many users Potential and limitations Reports of usability studies and controlled

experiments Faster task completion Reduced error rates

Measurable benefits Current evaluation practices

Page 4: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Current evaluation practicesPlaisant (2004)

Controlled experiments comparing design elements

Usability evaluation of a tool Controlled experiments comparing two or more

tools Case studies of tools in realistic settings

Page 5: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Three tree visualization tools

SpaceTree Hyperbolic Window Explorer

http://www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/members/cplaisant/ http://www3.sympatico.ca/blevis/thesis49prev.

html

Page 6: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Challenges

Matching tools with users, tasks and real problems

Improving user testing Addressing universal usability

Page 7: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Users, tasks and real problemsControlled experiment

Users: linguists with more or less knowledge of a specific domain

Task domain: linguistics, esp. syntax Real problems:

Are users able to identify constituents, dominance relations? Do users see that constituents are coordinated, are in

comparable positions? Research question: Which visualizations are suitable for

representing “3D natural language phenomena”? 2D tree visualizations 3D tree visualizations Pseudo 2D tree visualizations

Page 8: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Constituent

In syntactic analysis, a constituent is a word or a group of words that functions as a single unit within a hierarchical structure.

A constituent is a string of words such that there is one node that dominates those words and no other words.

Sam climbed up the ladder. 

Sam picked up the ladder. 

Page 9: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Coordination and movement tests

Applying the coordination test 

Sam climbed [up the ladder] and [out the window]. *Sam picked [up a ladder] and [out some new boots].

Applying the movement test

[Up the ladder] Sam climbed. *[Up a ladder] Sam picked.

Page 10: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Coordination

Coordination involves the syntactic linking of two or more elements of equal status:

[John] and [Mary]

[up] and [down]

David [sings] and [plays guitar]

Page 11: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Coordination and conjunction reduction

John found the letter and Bill signed the letter. John found the letter and Bill signed the letter.

I gave a book to Mary and gave a letter to Sue. I gave a book to Mary and gave a letter to Sue.

Page 12: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Right Node Raising

SYNTAX: operation of reduction on coordinated clauses whose rightmost constituents are identical.

EXAMPLE: Right Node Raising derives the structure in b from the underlying structure in a by adjoining one copy of the identical constituents (the book) to the right of the sentence, and deleting the identical originals (indicated by e). a [[John saw the book] and [Bill bought the book]] b [[John saw ei ] and [Bill bought ei ]] the booki

Page 13: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

The 3D phenomena in Dutch

Coordination De directeur bevordert Jansen of de Boer of de Vries. Zowel de zusjes Jansen als Joop en Klaas spijbelden.

Right Node Raising Joop haat, Piet bewondert, en Klaas verafgoodt partijleider Bos. Ik constateer dat Jansen een boek, Vos een CD en de Boer een

plant koopt.

Non-constituent Right Node Raising Joop wil voor, maar Piet na het ontbijt douchen. Jansen heeft drie en de Boer heeft vier doelpunten gemaakt.

Page 14: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

The visualization types

2D tree 2D tree + meaningful color 3D tree 3D tree + meaningful color Pseudo 3D: D-plane

Page 15: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Syntactic analysismain clause

Page 16: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Syntactic analysissubordinate clause

Page 17: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

Syntactic analysiscoordination

Voor nevenschikking maken we gebruik van een zogenaamde coördinatorgroep (CoP). In een haakjesstructuur:[CoP XP1 [Co' Co XP2]]

bv. Jan en Piet. Hierin is XP1 nevengeschikt aan XP2.(Voor de duidelijkheid: XP1 is Jan, Co is en, XP2 is Piet.)

Page 18: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

2D tree

Page 19: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

2D+ tree

Page 20: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

3D tree

Page 21: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

3D+ tree

Page 22: CMC/CC A Information Visualization Master IK, CIW, MMI L.M. Bosveld-de Smet Mon. 20/11/06; 16.00-18.00.

2D plane

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Visualization assignmentBeyond tree structures

What are other possible (non tree) visualizations for “3D natural language phenomena”?