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SYLLABUS Semester – I PY 211 Paper - I CLASSICAL INDIAN PHILOSOPHY Chapter I Introduction : Origin and Development of Indian Philosophy- Vedic Religion- Rta - Upanisadic Concept of Reality - Gita Concept of Nishkamakarma - Sthithaprajna. Chapter II Heterodox Systems : Carvaka Materialism - Metaphysics and Epistemology – Buddhism - Four noble truths – Pramanas - Jainism-Categories - Triratnas- Syadvada. Chapter III Orthodox Systems : Nyaya – Vaisesika – Epistemology – Pramanas - Paratah Pramanyavada –Anyatakhyati Chapter IV Samkhya - Yoga- Samkhya Metaphysics –Parinamavada- Svatah Pramanya Vada – Sadasadkhyati - Astanga Yoga. Chapter V Purva Mimamsa – Realism – Pramanas accepted by Bhatta and Prabhakara – Theory of Error - Means to Liberation.
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CLASSICAL INDIAN PHILOSOPHY - … Syllogism – Rules and Fallacies Figures and Moods, Rules . Compound Arguments, ... Contemporary Indian Philosophy ...

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Page 1: CLASSICAL INDIAN PHILOSOPHY - … Syllogism – Rules and Fallacies Figures and Moods, Rules . Compound Arguments, ... Contemporary Indian Philosophy ...

SYLLABUS

Semester – I

PY 211 Paper - I

CLASSICAL INDIAN PHILOSOPHY

Chapter I

Introduction : Origin and Development of Indian Philosophy- Vedic Religion-

Rta - Upanisadic Concept of Reality - Gita Concept of Nishkamakarma -

Sthithaprajna.

Chapter II

Heterodox Systems : Carvaka Materialism - Metaphysics and Epistemology –

Buddhism - Four noble truths – Pramanas - Jainism-Categories - Triratnas-

Syadvada.

Chapter III

Orthodox Systems : Nyaya – Vaisesika – Epistemology – Pramanas - Paratah

Pramanyavada –Anyatakhyati

Chapter IV

Samkhya - Yoga- Samkhya Metaphysics –Parinamavada- Svatah Pramanya Vada

– Sadasadkhyati - Astanga Yoga.

Chapter V

Purva Mimamsa – Realism – Pramanas accepted by Bhatta and Prabhakara –

Theory of Error - Means to Liberation.

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Reference Books

Structural Depths of Indian Thought – P.T. Raju

The Spirit of Indian Philosophy- N. V. Banergee

Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy – C.D. Sharma

Indian Philosophy I & II – Dr. S. Radhakrishnan

Indian Philosophy – Jadunath Sinha

Indian Philosophy Vol.1 - S. N. Dasgupta

Classical Indian Philosophy – J.N. Mohanty

Invitation to Indian Philosophy – T.M.P. Mahadevan

Six Ways of Knowing – D. M. Dutta

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PY 212 Paper II

WESTERN PHILOSOPHY: ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL

Chapter I

Origin and Development of early Greek Philosophy - Ionian Cosmology:

Concept of Substance – Thales, Anaximenes, Anaximander – Pythagoras(brief

account of their views) -Problem of Being and Becoming: Parmenides and

Heraclitus - Atomism of Democritus

Chapter II

Sophists and Socrates: The Sophists Problem of Knowledge – Relativism

Socrates : Method

Chapter III

System Builders - Plato: Dialectics, Theory of Knowledge, Knowledge and

Opinion, Doctrine of Ideas,

Aristotle: Classification of Sciences, Form and Matter, Potentiality and Actuality,

Four Causes.

Chapter IV

Scholastic Philosophy: Characteristics, Its nature and problem

St. Augustine: Problem of Evil

St. Anslem: Ontological Argument

St. Thomas Aquinas: Faith and Reason, Essence and Existence.

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Chapter V

Decline of Scholasticism: - John Duns Scotus: Doctrine of universals - William of

Occam: Occam’s Razor

Reference Books

History of Western Philosophy: Frank Thilly

History of Medieval Philosophy – Frederick Copleston, J.

History of Western Philosophy – Russell

History of Modern Philosophy – W. K. Wright

Critical History of Greek Philosophy: W.T. Stace

Early Greek Philosophy : John Burnet

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PY 213 Paper III

LOGIC

Chapter I

Introduction:

Definition, Nature and Scope of Logic

Words and Terms: Classification, Denotations, Connotations,

Propositions: Classifications

Syllogism: Deduction and Induction

Laws of Thought.

Chapter II

CATEGORICAL PROPOSITION

Distribution of Terms in Proposition

Euler’s Circle

Immediate and Mediate Inference

Opposition of Proposition, Square of Opposition

Seven Relation between Propositions

Chapter III

ARGUEMENTS

Categorical Syllogism – Rules and Fallacies

Figures and Moods, Rules

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Compound Arguments, Hypothetical and Disjunctive Syllogism-Dilemma

Chapter IV

INDUCTION AND SCIENTIFIC METHOD

Types of Induction, Problem of Induction

Postulates of Induction

Analogy

Causation - common sense view of causation

Mill’s method, Criticism

Scientific Method , Hypothesis

Stage of Scientific Investigation

Chapter V

FALLACIES

Fallacies of Relevance

Fallacies of Presumption

Fallacies of Ambiguity

References:

Introduction to Logic – I.M. Copi and Carl Cohen

Introduction to Logic & Scientific Method – M.R. Cohen and E. Nagel

A Modern Introduction to Logic – Susan Stebbing

Introduction to Logic – Creighton and Smart

Introduction to Logic – TMP Mahadevan

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PY 214 Paper IV

MORAL PHILOSOPHY

Chapter I

Ethics - General Introduction: Definition, Nature and Objectives – Different

approaches : Normative and non-normative

Normative ethics and Applied ethics.

Chapter II

Classical Ethical Theories:- Consequentialist theory- Utilitarianism of J.S. Mill –

Deontological theory – Immanuel Kant and W.D. Ross-Communitarian theory –

David Hume – Self realization theory – F. H. Bradley - Pragmatic theory – John

Dewey

Chapter III

Right, Duty, Justice: Natural rights – nature of duties- relation between rights and

duties – Virtues- Ancient theories – Plato and Aristotle, Modern theory – Alasdair

Mac Intyre- Theories of punishment – Justice- Formal principles of justice –

Aristotle- Distributive justice – John Rawles.

Chapter IV

Ethical Scepticism- Nature, Historical Origin and Development – Approach by

Logical Positivists – Ayer, Carnap and Russell

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Chapter V

Meta Ethical Theories: Distinction between ethical cognitivism and non-

cognitivism – Ethical naturalism and Non-Naturalism – naturalistic fallacy – G.E.

Moore. Emotivism – C.L. Stevenson. Prescriptivism- R.M.Hare.

Reference Books:

Manual of Ethics: J.S. Mackenzie

An Introduction to Ethics – William Lillie

Contemporary Ethical Theories – T.E. Hill

Philosophical Ethics – Tom L. Beauchamp

Eight Theories of Ethics – Gordan Graham

Five Types Ethical Theory – C.D. Broad

Modern Moral Philosophy – W.D.Hudson

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SEMESTER - II

PY 221 Paper V

PHILOSOPHY OF VEDANTA

Chapter I

Pre- Sankara Vedanta:

Origin and Development of Vedanta- Role of Prastanatrayas- Philosophy of

Gaudapada ( Ajati Vada)

Chapter II

Sankara Vedanta:

Qualifications for the Study of Vedanta (Sadhana Catustaya), Sravana, Manana,

Nididhyasana, Jivan Mukti

Chapter III

Advaita Epistemology :

Six Pramanas, Abhaditatvam, Method of Interpretation of Mahavakyas, Adhyasa (Superimposition), Adhyaropa (False Attribution),Anirvachaniya khyati

Chapter IV

Advaita Metaphysics :

Sattatraya, Svarupalaksana & Tatasthalaksana, Maya, Avidya ,Brahman & Isvara, Jivan and Saksin, Paravidya & Aparavidya

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Chapter V

Post Sankara Vedanta:

Outlines of the Philosophy of Ramanuja, Madhva, Vallabha, Nimbarka, Caitanya – Neo-Vedanta in the Kerala context with reference to Chattampi Swamikal and Sree Narayana Guru.

Reference Books:

Philosophy of Gaudapada: TMP Mahadevan

Advaita Vedanta: Venketaramalyer

Advaita Epistemology- P.K. Sunderam

Life and Thought of Sankaracharya- G.C. Pande

Atmopadeshasatakam – Narayana Guru

Advaitachintapadhati – Chattampi Swamikal

Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy – C.D. Sharma

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PY 222 Paper VI

MODERN WESTERN PHILOSOPHY

Chapter I

Introduction: The Spirit of Modern Philosophy: General features, Reform of

science

Francis Bacon: Theory of Idols, Inductive Method

Rationalism and Empiricism: General features.

Chapter II

Rationalism: Rene Descartes: Cogito Ergo Sum, Substances, Attributes, Mind- Body Relationship

Spinoza: Substance, Attributes, Modes, Mind-Body relationship, Pantheism

Wilhelm Leibniz: Doctrine of Monads, Theory of Knowledge, Mind-Body relationship

Chapter III

Empiricism :John Locke: Rejection of Innate Ideas, Origin of Knowledge, Simple and Complex Ideas, Validity of Knowledge, Limits of Knowledge.

George Berkeley: Rejection of Abstract Ideas. Esse Est Percipii . Subjective Idealism. Problem of Solipsism.

David Hume: Origin of Knowledge, Impressions and Ideas, Denial of Material Substance, Soul, Substance, Cause - Effect Relation, Validity of Knowledge, Scepticism.

Chapter IV

Background of Kantian Philosophy, Critique of Pure Reason, Space and time,

categories, Transcendental illusion, The Paralogism of Pure Reason, The

Antinomies of Pure Reason.

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Chapter V

Metaphysics of Hegel: Absolute Idealism, Theory of Concrete Universals, The

Dialectical Method.

Reference Books

History of Western Philosophy – Frank Thilly

History of Philosophy- Frederick Copleston J.

History of Western Philosophy - Russell

History of Western Philosophy – W.K. Wright

Introducing Philosophy –Robert Solomon

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PY 223 Paper VII

SYMBOLIC LOGIC

Chapter I

Historical account of development of Symbolic Logic, Advantages of Symbolization

Chapter II

Simple and Compound statements, Truth functionally Compound statements, truth

tables for Conjunction, Negation, Disjunction, Conditional and Bi-conditional:

Argument and argument forms: Truth table method for evaluating arguments.

Chapter III

Statement forms, Tautologies, Contradictories and contingents, Paradox of

Material Implication, Logical Equivalence – De Morgan’s Theorems.

Chapter IV

Formal proof of Validity, Rules of Inference, The Rules of Replacement,

Conditional Proof, Indirect Proof, Shorter Truth Table Technique.

Chapter V

Quantification : Singular and General Propositions, Symbolization of Categorical

Propositions, Quantification Rules.

References

Symbolic Logic – I.M. Copi

Introduction to Logic – I.M. Copi and Carl Cohen

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PY 224 Paper VIII

APPLIED ETHICS

Chapter I

General Introduction: Nature of Applied Ethics – The Basis of Ethical

Arguments – Ethical Principles – Autonomy – Beneficence – Non-maleficence and

Justice.

Chapter II

Professional Ethics: Legal Ethics – Business Ethics – Medical Ethics – Patient-

Doctor Relationship – Medical Decision – Euthanasia – Physician Assisted Suicide

– Reproductive Technologies – Moral Status of Embryos – Abortion – InVitro

Fertilization – Surrogacy – Cloning – Ethical Issues in Genetics – Genetic Testing

and Screening – Gene Therapy.

Chapter III

Gender Ethics: Feminism as an Ethics of Gender – Equality problem in family and

society.

Chapter IV

Environmental Ethics: Ecological Crisis – Anthropocentricism and Ecocentrism

– Sustainable Development and Environmentalism.

Chapter V

Ethics of Technology: Ethical Issues related to Digital Media – Issues of Cyber

Ethics – The Problem of e-waste.

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Reference Books

Practical Ethics – Peter Singer

Beginning of Bio-Ethics – Aron Ridiey

Practical Ethics – HughLafollette

Bio-Medical Ethics – Walter Glannon (ed.)

Contemporary Issues in Bio-Ethics – Tom Beauchamp and Roy Walters

The Ethics of Gender – Susan Frank Parsons

Environmental Ethics – John Parson

Computer Ethics and Professional Responsibility: Terrel Ward Bynum and Simon Rogerson

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SEMESTER III

PY 231 Paper IX

MODERN INDIAN THOUGHT

Chapter I

Background of Modern Indian Thought – Indian Renaissance Movement – Salient Features of Modern Indian Thought

Chapter II

Swami Vivekananda : Practical Vedanta- Reality – Concept of World and Soul –

Ways of Realization- Universal Religion : Nature and Ideal of Universal Religion

Sri Aurobindo: Reality – Saccidanada - Involution and Evolution – Nature of Man

- Gnostic Being – Integral Yoga

Chapter III

Rabindranath Tagore: Reality – Nature of Man - Humanism – Religion of Man.

Dr.S. Radhakrishnan: Nature of Ultimate Reality – Concept of Man – Intellect and

Intuition –Concept of Religion

Chapter IV

M.N.Roy: Radical Humanism, Critique of Marxism.

J. Krishnamurthy : Freedom from the Known, Concept of Education.

Chapter V

Mohammed Iqbal: God- Self and Nature- Man and His Destiny.

B.R.Ambedkar: Neo Buddhism – Critique of Casteism.

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Reference Books

Contemporary Indian Philosophy – Basant Kumar Lal

Contemporary Indian Philosophy – R.L.Srivastava

Contemporary Indian Philosophy – T.M.P. Mahadevan and C.V.Saroja

Modern Indian Thought – V.S. Naravane

Practical Vedanta – Swami Vivekananda

Integral Yoga – Sri Aurobindo

Religion of Man – Rabindranath Tagore

Reconstruction of Religious Thougt in Islam- Mohammad Iqbal

An Idealist View of Life – S. Radhakrishnan

Religion in the Changing World – S. Radhakrishnan

Freedom from the Known – J. Krishnamurthy

Tradition and Revolution: J. Krishnamurthy

Collected Works of Swami Vivekananda.

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PY232 Paper X

PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Chapter I

Introduction: Relation between Philosophy and Science – What is Philosophy of

Science – Interdisciplinary Concerns.

Chapter II

Explanations in Science: Definition of Scientific Explanation- Hempel’s

Deductive- Nomological Model of Scientific Explanation – Criticisms –

Explanation and Causality.

Chapter III

Methods in Science: Inductivism: The Baconian Model – Logical Positivist

Method of Science – Hypothetico Deductivism – Verificationism and

Falsificationism – Karl Popper: Science and Non Science - The Demarcation

Criterion, Versimilitude, Scientific Progress.

Chapter IV

Historical and Sociological Perspective on Science: Thomas Kuhn: Pre-Science

and Normal Science, Paradigm Shifts – Scientific Change and Scientific

Revolution.

Chapter V

Progress of Science – Paul Feyerband: View of Scientific theories – Liberalism of

Scientific Methods – Epistemological Anarchy.

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Reference Books

Philosophy of Science –Alex Rosenberg

Philosophy of Science: A Very Short Introduction – Samir Okasha

The Logic of Scientific Discovery – Karl Popper

Conjunctures and Refutations – Karl Popper

Essays in the Philosophy of Science – C.S. Pierce

What is the thing Called Science: A.F. Chalmers

The Structure of Scientific Revolutions – T. Kuhn

Philosophy of Science – P.H.Nidditeh

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PY 233 Paper XI

PHENOMENOLOGY AND EXISTENTIALISM

Chapter I

Phenomenology: Background of Phenomenology – Husserl: Basic Features of his

Philosophy _ Phenomenological Reduction, Eidetic Reduction – Transcendental

Reduction -Intentionality

Chapter II

Existentialism : Background of Existentialism – Basic Tenets of Existentialism

Chapter III

Soren Kierkegaard: Name and Meaning of Existence - Existence is indubitable and

prior to thinking - Truth is inward and subjective – Existential situation –

Existential self-realization.

Chapter IV

Karl Jaspers: Personal Experience and Transcendence

Gabriel Marcel: Problem and Mystery

Chapter V

Jean Paul Sartre: Modes of Being( ensoi, pour-soi) Concept of Freedom

Martin Heidegger: Concept of Dasein

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Reference Books

A Critical Survey of Existentialism and Phenomenology - M.K. Bhadra

Six Existentialist Thinkers - H.J. Blackham

Ideas- E. Husserl

Phenomenology and Deconstruction – Dr. Sundarajan

Existentialism – John Macquarie

Martin Heidegger - John Macquarie

An Introduction to Existentialism – Robert Olsen

Irrational Man: A Study in Existential Philosophy – William Barrett

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PY 234 Paper XII

ANALYTICAL PHILOSOPHY Chapter I

Historical Background : G.E. Moore: Refutation of Idealism – Fregean Concept of

Sense and Reference – Bertrand Russell: Theory of Descriptions – Logical

Atomism.

Chapter II

Rise of Logical Positivism: Vienna Circle – Elimination of Metaphysics –

Verification Theory of Meaning – Strong and Weak Sense of Verifiability –

Criticisms.

Chapter III

Origin of Linguistic Philosophy: Ludwig Wittgenstein: Tractatus Logico

Philosophicus and the Ideal Language Approach – Picture Theory of Meaning –

Philosophical Investigations and the Ordinary Language Approach – The Use

Theory of Meaning – Language Games – Function of Philosophy.

Chapter IV

Gilbert Ryle: Category Mistake and Mental Concepts.

J.L. Austin : Speech Act Theory

Chapter V

W.V.O. Quine: Rejection of two Dogmas of Empiricism – Rejection of the Dogma

of Analytic-Synthetic Distinction – Rejection of Verifiability Theory.

Noam Chomsky: Theory of Innatism in Language – Concept of Universal

Grammar-

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Donald Davidson : Theory of Meaning

Reference Books

Analytic Philosophy – Barry R. Gross

Logical Positivism – A.J.Ayer

Tractatus Logico Philosophicus - Ludwig Wittgenstein

The Concept of Mind – Gilbert Ryle

Word and Objects – Quine

Chomsky: Ideas and Ideals – Smith Nerl

Recent Developments in Analytic Philosophy – R.C. Pradhan

Introduction to Philosophy of Language – Bernard Harrison

Analytic Philosophy – Avrum Stroll

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SEMESTER – IV

PY 241 Paper XIII

GANDHIAN PHILOSOPHY

Chapter I

Foundations of Gandhian Philosophy – Truth and God – Truth and Ahimsa –

Means and Ends – Sarvodaya: Meaning and Feature – Satyagraha: Features.

Chapter II

Economic Concepts of Gandhi – Bread Labour – Trusteeship – Swadesi – Self

Sufficiency and Self Reliance – Decentralization.

Chapter III

Political Philosophy of Gandhi – Spiritualization of Politics – Views on

Democracy, State, Political Structure, Nationalism, Internationalism – Concepts of

Gram Swaraj and Panchayat Raj.

Chapter IV

Educational Philosophy of Gandhi – Evolution of Gandhian Educational

Philosophy – Concept of Basic Education – Women Education

Chapter V

Social Philosophy of Gandhi – Views on Social Evils, Untouchability, Alcoholism,

Concept of Seven Deadly Sins - Natural Living (Prakruthi Jeevanam) - Gandhian

view of environmental conservation.

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Reference Books:

The Story of My Experiments with Truth - M.K.Gandhi

Gandhi: His Life and Thought – Kripalani J.B.

The Philosophy of Gandhi – D.M.Datta

Mahatma Gandhi’s Ideas – Andrews C.F.

Metaphysical Foundations of M.K. Gandhi’s Thought - Surendra Varma

Selections from Gandhi – Bose N.K.

Political Philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi – G.N.Dhawan

Gandhian Ethics – Binoy Gopal Ray.

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PY 242 Paper XIV

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN WESTERN PHILOSOPHY

Chapter I

Structuralism:Ferdinand de Saussure: Language as a Structural System – Language as a Science of Signs – Signifier and Signified – Nature of Signs – Langue and Parole – Synchronic and Diachronic Linguistics.

Chapter II

Post Structuralism: Derrida: The Method of Deconstruction – Critique of Logocentricism – Metaphysics of Presence – Critique of Phonocentricism –Difference – Philosophy- Literature Distinction.

Chapter III

Modernism: The Projects of Modernity and its post-modern critique.

Chapter IV

Post Modernism

Lyotard: Critique of Metanarrative Tradition – Knowledge in Computerized

Societies –Legitimating Knowledge and Power.

Chapter V

Richard Rorty: Anti-Representationalism – Its Effects on Epistemology and

Philosophy – Neo-Pragmatism.Habermas: Theory of Communicative Action.

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Reference Books

Semiotics and Structuralism – Terence Hawkes

A Course in General Linguistics – Saussure

Saussure – Jonathan Culler

Writing and Difference – Derrida

The Post Modern Condition: A Report on Knowledge – Lyotard

Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature – Rorty

Essays on Heidegger and Others – Rorty

Legitimation Crisis - Habermas

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PY243 Paper XV

PHILOSOPHY OF MIND

Chapter I

Introduction: What is Philosophy of Mind

Chapter II

Historical Evolution of the Mind-Body Problem (Causal interaction – Double aspect Theory – Pre-established Harmony –Occassionalism – Epiphenomenalism – Emergentism).

Chapter III

Theories of Mind I:

Behaviourism: Methodological, Philosophical, Logical and Ontological Behaviourism.

Identity Theory: Token and Type Identity Theory.

Chapter IV

Theories of Mind II:

Functionalism: Multiple Realizability Argument – Computational Theory of Mind – Eliminative Materialism –Artificial Intelligence – Turing Test – Chinese Room Argument - Neural Correlates of Consciousness – Higher Order Theories of Consciousness.

Chapter V

Problems of Mind:

Consciousness – Explanatory Gap – Qualia – Intentionality – Zombies.

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Reference Books

Philosophy of Mind – Jaegwon Kim (Relevant Chapters only)

An Introduction to Philosophy of Mind – E.J. Lowe (Relevant Chapters only)

The Concept of Mind in Indian Philosophy – Sarawathy Chennakesavan

CIT Consciousness: Bina Gupta.

Philosophy of Mind: A Short Introduction – Edward Fraser

Philosophy of Mind – Ian Ravenscroft

Philosophy of Mind: A Contemporary Introduction – John Heil

Nature of Consciousness in Hindu Philosophy –S.K. Saxena

The Place of Mind – Brian Cooney

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PY 244 XVI

PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION

Chapter I

Introduction: Definition, Nature and Scope of Philosophy of Religion -

Philosophy of Religion and Theology, Types of Religion – Theism, Pantheism,

Deism, Monotheism, Atheism – Religion without God.

Chapter II

Religious Language: Problem of Religious Language – Cognitive and Non-

Cognitive Theories – Religious Knowledge and Experience – Foundations of

Religious Belief – Reason, Revelation and Faith – Mystic Experience.

Chapter III

God: Attributes of God – Proofs for the Existence of God (Ontological,

Cosmological, Teleological, Moral and argument from Experience) – Critical

Comments- Problem of Evil- Theories of evil – Type of Evil –

Pessimism/Optimism.

Chapter IV

Concept of Value – Intrinsic and extrinsic(instrumental) Values _ Dharma

(Sadharana Dharma, Varnasrama Dharma).

Chapter V

Religion in the Modern World – Religious Conflicts – Secularism – The need for

a Comparative study of Religions – Role of Religion in a Pluralistic Society.

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Reference Books

Philosophy of Religion – John Hick

The Philosophy of Religion – Thomas McPerson

Philosophy of Religion – A.R. Mohapatra

Introduction to Religious Philosophy – Y. Masi

The Philosophy of Religion – D.M.Edwards

Philosophy of Hindu Sadhana – N.K. Brahma

Eastern Religions and Western Thought - Dr. S. Radhakrishnan

Religion in a Changing World - Dr. S. Radhakrishnan

Creative Life - Dr. S. Radhakrishnan

The Bhagavat Gita - Dr. S. Radhakrishnan (Chapters 12 and 13)

Indian Atheism – D.P. Chattopadhyaya

Eternal Values for a Changing Society – Swami Ranganathananda