Top Banner
Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5
31

Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Apr 01, 2015

Download

Documents

Haylee Bolen
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Classical Greece2000 B.C. -300 B.C.

Chapter 5

Page 2: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

The Early Greek World

Page 3: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Minoan Civilization

Island of Crete. Trade routes with the Egyptians. Palace at Knossos

Fancy plumbing

Page 4: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.
Page 5: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Bull Leaping

This was a common ritual used as a rite of passage to manhood. One person would distract the bull while the

other did acrobatic feats over his back.

Page 6: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Minoans as traders

Became seafaring peopleTraded with Egypt, Syria, Sicily,

and SpainProblems with trading?

Page 7: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Mycenaean Civilization

Mainland of Greece Established by invaders from the north. Borrowed from Minoans After the downfall of the Minoans,

Mycenae became the commercial center.

Militaristic

Page 8: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Trouble with Troy

Rivals with the Mycenae in the area of trade made the two bitter enemies.

The Trojan Paris kidnapped the beautiful Helen of Sparta. Helen was the wife of the king.

After ten years of battles, Troy fell in conquest and the long war was recorded by Homer.

Did this war really happen?

Page 9: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

The Trojan War

According to ancient Greek legend, the Trojan War began when a Trojan prince named Paris abducted Helen, the wife of a Spartan king. The Greeks set sail for Troy when Paris refused to release her. The war lasted for ten years before the Greeks came up with an ingenious plan to capture Troy. They built a huge wooden horse as a “peace offering”, fully armed Greek soldiers hid within the belly of the horse. Once they were in place, the remaining Greeks closed the trap door and rolled the huge horse up to the city walls. The then withdrew in their ships to a place out of sight of Troy to await darkness, when they would return to the city. The Trojans celebrated getting extremely drunk and careless. The Greeks inside the horse waited until everyone was drunk and took over the city burning it.

Page 10: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Trojan Horse

Page 11: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

The Greek Dark Ages

Around 1200 BC, Mycenaean civilization collapsed.

The Dorians moved into the countryside. No writing 1150 to 750 BC Unknown history for the most part. How do we know anything?

Page 12: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Greek Mythology

Zeus overthrew his father to rule.

He was believed to be the lord of the sky, the rain god.

Married to Hera Punished anyone

who lied to him or failed to keep their oaths.

Page 13: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Poseidon

Brother of Zeus He was lord of the

sea according to Greek mythology

Married Amphitrite His weapon was the

trident which can shake the earth and shatter any object.

Page 14: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Hades Brother of Zeus He got the worst draw and

became the lord of the underworld ruling over the dead.

He is also the god of wealth due to the precious metals in the earth.

His wife is Persephone

Page 15: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Hera

Wife and sister of Zeus She is the Goddess of the

Hearth, the symbol of the house around which a new born child is carried before it is received into the family.

Page 16: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Children

Ares: disliked by both parents. god of War Athena: sprang fully grown from her father’s

forehead. goddess of the city and agriculture. Apollo: god of music Aphrodite: goddess of love, desire and beauty. Hermes: Zeus’ messenger Artemis: goddess of wild things Hephaestus: only god that was physically ugly and

lame. God of fire and forge.

Page 17: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

WARRING CITY-STATESSection 2

Page 18: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Greek City-States

Role of the City-State Polis or city-state

was the basic political unit.

Relatively small

Page 19: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Government of the City-States

Basic forms of Government Monarchy: rule by one Aristocracy: rule by small group of

nobles Oligarchy: rule of a few Democracy: rule of the people Tyranny: dissatisfaction and unrest

of the lower classes led to this.

Page 20: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Sparta

Located in southern part of GreeceDorians captured the locals and made

them slaves or helots. The Spartans created a militaristic

state.

Page 21: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Spartans

Controlled the lives of citizens

Boys moved to army barracks from ages 7-20.

Page 22: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Spartans

Girls went through similar training.

Women sent their husbands and sons off to war with a motto, “Return with your shield or on them.”

Page 23: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Babies

Unhealthy babies were left to die on hillsides near the ocean.

What does this tell you about Spartan culture?

Page 24: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Athens

Nurtured creativity, commercial endeavors, democracy and individualism.

Ruled by a king during the Homeric Age.

Under the leadership of Solon, Athens moved towards democracy.

Page 25: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

The Fateful Century

The Persian Wars Persia’s western expansion threatened

Greek independence. Greeks did not and could not tolerate

losing their freedom. The Greek colonies joined together and

rebelled and overthrew the Persian rule.

Battle of Marathon

Page 26: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Phalanx

Page 27: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Battle of Thermopylae

After Greek victory at Marathon, Darius II (leader of Persia) was furious and organized an invasion.

He died before the invasion but his son carried it out.

Page 28: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

A force of 7000 Greeks faced 200,000 Persians.

A Greek traitor gave the Persians an advantage and the Greeks were forced to retreat…all but three hundred Spartans.

Page 29: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Theaters were built outside, usually along the slope of a hillside. All of the actors were men - they even played the female roles! Each actor played several parts in the play by wearing a different mask for each part.

Women's lives were closely tied to the home. They learned spinning, weaving, and other skills that would be useful in running the household. Women didn't participate in politics or public life. Serving as a priestess in one of the temples was one of the only public duties that a woman might perform. Their lives were quite secluded.

Page 30: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Children played games in their free time just like they do today. Lots of toys have been discovered, and they aren't that different than modern toys.

This baby rattle is made of clay.

Page 31: Classical Greece 2000 B.C. -300 B.C. Chapter 5. The Early Greek World.

Strigil

Greek athletes oiled and then lightly dusted their bodies. After exercising, they would scrape off the oil, dust, and sweat with a strigil. This process protected the body against the sun and served as an effective means of cleaning in a land with limited water supplies.