CISCO Router introduction Hervé TREMEUR AT&T Global Network AT&T Labs [email protected] CISCO router introduction for Labs WAN/ OSPF-RIP.

CISCO Router introduction

Hervé TREMEURAT&T Global NetworkAT&T Labs [email protected]

CISCO router introductionfor Labs WAN/ OSPF-RIP

CISCO router introduction

Agenda

Router Quick Start

CLI (Command Line Interface)

Routing Protocols

IP Addressing

IP Routing configuration

RIP Routing Protocol configuration

OSPF Routing Protocol configuration

Main Show and Debug commands used

CATALYST 2950 configuration

Lab presentation

Conclusion


Router quick start

If an enable password has not been set, enable mode only can be accessed from the router console.

– Router> enable

– Password:

– Router#Disable

– Router>Exit

– Router> ? <----- User Mode Commands list

– Router>en

– Router# ? <----- Privileged-Mode command list

– Router#Show ?

– Router#


Command Line Interface

Global Configuration Mode– Router# configure terminal

– Router(config)#? --- Global configuration command list

To exit global configuration command mode and return to privileged EXEC mode,

use one of the following commands:

– Router(config)# exit

– Router(config)# end

– Router(config)# Ctrl-Z

– Router#

Interface Configuration Mode– Router(config)# interface serial 0/0

– Router(config-if)# ? ------Interface configuration command list

Subinterface Configuration SubmodeRouter– Router(config)# interface serial 0/0

– Router(config)# encapsulation frame-relay

– Router(config)# interface serial 0/0.1

– Router(config-subif)#


Command Line InterfaceStartup configuration recommanded

Router#

conf t

hostname R1

enable password c

no ip domain-lookup

line con 0

exec-timeout 0 0

password c

logging synchronous

line aux 0

exec-timeout 0 0

password c

logging synchronous

line vty 0 4

exec-timeout 0 0

password c

logging synchronous


Command Line Interface

Moving Around on the Command Line – Use the following commands to move the cursor around on the command line to make corrections or

changes:

– Press Ctrl-B : Move the cursor back one character.

– Press Ctrl-F : Move the cursor forward one character.

– Press Ctrl-A : Move the cursor to the beginning of the command line.

– Press Ctrl-E : Move the cursor to the end of the command line.

– Press Esc B : Move the cursor back one word.

– Press Esc F : Move the cursor forward one word.

Completing a Partial Command Name– Router# conf<Tab>

– Router# configure

Recalling Commands– Ctrl-P or the up arrow key --- Recall commands.

– Ctrl-N or the down arrow key --- Return to more recent commands


Routing Protocols

Interior Gateway Protocols– Interior protocols are used for routing networks that are under a common network

administration. Cisco IOS software supports the following interior routing protocols:

– Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

– Internet Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP)

– OSPF

– IP Enhanced IGRP

– Integrated IS-IS


Routing Protocols

Exterior Gateway ProtocolsExterior protocols are used to exchange routing information between networks that do

not share a common administration. IP Exterior Gateway Protocols require the following three sets of information before routing can begin:

– A list of neighbor (or peer) routers with which to exchange routing information

– A list of networks to advertise as directly reachable

– The autonomous system number of the local router

– The supported exterior gateway protocol is Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).

– Multicast BGP (MBGP) adds capabilities to BGP to enable multicast routing policy throughout the Internet and to connect multicast topologies within and between BGP autonomous systems. That is, MBGP is an enhanced BGP that carries IP multicast routes. BGP carries two sets of routes, one set for unicast routing and one set for multicast routing.


IP AddressingClass A

1.0.0.0 to 126.0.0.0

Class B128.0.0.0 to 191.254.0.0

Class C192.0.1.0 to 223.255.254

Class D224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255

Multicast group addresses

Class E240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.254

Assigning IP Addresses to Network Interfaces

ip address ip-address mask < ------ Set a primary IP address for an interface


VLSM (Variable length Subnet Mask)Class B

156.26.0.0 /16 ---------- 156.26.1.0 /24

156.26.2.0/24--------156.26.2.0/30

156.26.2.4/30

156.26.2.8/30

………………

156.26.2.252/30

------------------------------------------------------------------------

126 62 30 14 6 2 I N Hosts

-------------------------------------------------------I-----------------

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 I

------------------------------------------------------- I------------------

25 26 27 28 29 30 32 I N Bits in mask

--------------------------------------------------------I--- --------------

128 192 224 240 248 252 I Mask

------------------------------------------- -i--------------


FRAME-RELAY ConfigurationBasic Frame-relay configuration (hub/spoke)

Router A#

interface Serial0/0

Ip address 132.1.12.1

encapsulation frame-relay

no frame-relay inverse-arp

frame-relay lmi-type ansi

frame-relay map ip 132.1.12.2 111 broadcast

Router B#

interface Serial3/1

Ip address 132.1.12.2




!

interface Serial3/1.1 point-to-point

frame-relay interface-dlci 114


RIP Configuration

Basic RIP configuration

commands needed for the lab01 are presented

Interface Ethernet0/0

ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config)# router rip

Router(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0 < --- specifies what interfaces will receive and send RIP

routing updates. It also specifies what network

will be advertised

router rip

passive-interface Ethernet0/0 < --- disables the sending of RIP updates on interface

distribute-list 1 out Ethernet0/0< --- filter the advertised networks

Router(config)#access-list 1 permit 131.1.0.0 0.0.255.255


RIP Configuration

Monitoring and testing the configurationRouter# debug ip rip < ---- displays received v1 updates

displays sending v1 updates

Router#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default

U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set

R 192.168.107.0/24 [120/1] via 150.100.1.254, 00:00:22, Ethernet0/0


OSPF Configuration commands needed for the lab are presented

Basic OSPF configuration Interface loopback 0

ip address 132.1.1.1 255.255.255.255

Interface serial 0/0

ip address 132.1.2.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config)# router ospf 64

Router(config-router)# network 132.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0

Router(config-router)# network 132.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 1


OSPF ConfigurationOSPF Priority “ DR election” configuration

The router A with highest priority on the network will be elected DR

The router B with second highest priority will be elected BDR

RouterA#


ip address 132.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

Ip ospf priority 100

router ospf 64

network 132.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 2

-------------------------------------------------- Router with priority 0 will not participate to the election

RouterB#


ip address 132.1.1.3 255.255.255.0

Ip ospf priority 50

router ospf 64

network 132.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 2


OSPF ConfigurationOSPF on an NBMA Network ” Non-Broadcast ‘” Model

RouterA#

interface Serial3/1

no ip directed-broadcast

encapsulation frame-relay Split horizon is enabled on a frame relay encapsulated

interface if subinterfaces have been configured



!

interface Serial3/1.1 point-to-point

ip address 132.1.12.1 255.255.255.224


ip ospf network non-broadcast

ip ospf priority 0

frame-relay interface-dlci 114 inform which DLCI goes with which subinterfaces

router ospf 64

network 132.1.12.0 0.0.0.31 area 2

Split horizon is enabled on a frame relay encapsulated interface if subinterfacesHave been configured


OSPF ConfigurationOSPF on an NBMA Network ” Broadcast ‘” Model

RouterA#

interface Serial3/1

ip address 132.1.12.1 255.255.255.224





ip ospf network broadcast

ip ospf priority 0


router ospf 64

network 132.1.12.0 0.0.0.31 area 2


OSPF Configuration

OSPF on an NBMA Network ” Point-to-Multipoint ‘” Model RouterA#

interface Serial3/1

ip address 132.1.12.1 255.255.255.224





ip ospf network point-to-multipoint


router ospf 64

network 132.1.12.0 0.0.0.31 area 2

Changing the encapsulation on a serial interface disables split horizon

Don’t need DR BDR election


OSPF Configuration

OSPF Interface parameters Hello interval will vary based on the Interface Network Type :

Broadcast=10

Non-Broadcast =30

Point-to-point=10

Point-to-Multipoint=30

Dead interval will vary based on the Interface Network Type :

Broadcast=40

Non-Broadcast =120

Point-to-point=40

Point-to-Multipoint =30


OSPF Configuration

OSPF Virtual-Links Needed when area not adjacent to area 0 (backbone area)

Example : area 0---RouterA--area3--RouterB--area4

RouterA#

router ospf 64

area 3 virtual-link 132.1.2.2

RouterB#

router ospf 64

area 3 virtual-link 132.1.1.1

show ip ospf virtual-link


OSPF Configuration

OSPF configuration monitoring and testing Show ip ospf interface

Show ip ospf neighbor

Show ip route

Debug ip ospf events

Debug ip ospf adjacency


Route redistributionRedistribute RIP into OSPF

router ospf 1

redistribute rip subnets

Redistribute OSPF to RIP

router rip

redistribute ospf 1 metric 1 route-map OSPF-RIP

route-map OSPF-RIP permit 10

match ip address 2

access-list 2 permit 139.1.0.0 0.0.255.255

Redistribute CONNECTED into OSPF

router ospf 1

redistribute connected subnets route-map xxxx


Catalyst 2950 configuration

Create VLANA (10) and VLANB(20) interface FastEthernet0/1

duplex full

speed 100

switchport access vlan 10

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

duplex full

speed 100


!

interface FastEthernet0/2


Interface VLAN 10

Interface VLAN 20


Catalyst 2950 configuration

Check VLAN interface FastEthernet0/1

TK-VLAN#sh vlan

VLAN Name Status Ports

---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------

1 default active Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4,

Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8,

Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12,

Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16,

Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20,

Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24

10 VLAN0010 active Fa0/1,

20VLAN0020 active Fa0/5,


Lab EPUNSA presentation

TopologyR1 : ASBR

R2 : ABR

R4 :ABR

SE 0/0

Router R2

Router R1

Router R3

Router R4

Router R5

OSPF Area 0

OSPF Area 2

OSPF Stub Area 5

HDLC Link

Vlan C (30)

RIP

112

211

312

213

2/3

S0/0/1

2/5

OSPF Area 3

Network management Workstation

Workstation

2/1

2/4

Vlan A (10)

Vlan B (20)

S0/0/0

S0/0/0

S0/0/1

PPP Link

FRAME RELAY

S0/0/0

S0/0/0

S0/0/0

Vlan D (40)

Workstation

Workstation

Workstation

Workstation

TFTP Server

216

Workstation

Router R6

OSPF Area 6Vlan E (50)

112612

S0/0/0

S1/0

S1/1

S1/3

S1/2


Lab EPUNSA IP Addressing plan

Name N bits

Mask Subnet IP @ Router N Hosts

Loopback0

Loopback0

Loopback0

Loopback0

Loopback0

32

32

32

32

32

255.255.255.255

255.255.255.255

255.255.255.255

255.255.255.255

255.255.255.255

132.1.1.1 R1

R2

R3

R4

R5

Frame-relay R1

R2

R3

R6

R2-R4 30 255.255.255.252 2

R4-R5 255.255.255.252

VLANA 255.255.255.0

VLANB

VLANC

VLAND

VLANE

CISCO Router introduction Hervé TREMEUR AT&T Global Network AT&T Labs [email protected] CISCO router introduction for Labs WAN/ OSPF-RIP.

Documents

routerexit router

router console

en router

labs wan ospfrip slide

debug commands