Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 1 Chapter 22: Social Change and the Environment Sociology: A Down-to- Earth Approach 7/e James M. Henslin James M. Henslin Chapter Twenty-Two: Social Change Chapter Twenty-Two: Social Change and the Environment and the Environment This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program. any rental, lease, or lending of the program.
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Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 1
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Sociology: A Down-to-EarthApproach 7/e
Sociology: A Down-to-EarthApproach 7/e
James M. HenslinJames M. HenslinChapter Twenty-Two: Social ChangeChapter Twenty-Two: Social Change
and the Environmentand the Environment
James M. HenslinJames M. HenslinChapter Twenty-Two: Social ChangeChapter Twenty-Two: Social Change
and the Environmentand the Environment
This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network;any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network;preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images;preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images;any rental, lease, or lending of the program.any rental, lease, or lending of the program.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 2
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Four Social RevolutionsFour Social Revolutions
From From GemeinschaftGemeinschaft to to GesellschaftGesellschaft
Capitalism, Modernization, and Capitalism, Modernization, and
IndustrializationIndustrialization
How Social Change Transforms Social LifeHow Social Change Transforms Social Life
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 3
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Social MovementsSocial Movements
Conflict, Power, and Global PoliticsConflict, Power, and Global Politics
How Social Change Transforms Social LifeHow Social Change Transforms Social Life
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 4
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Marx’s Model of Historical ChangeMarx’s Model of Historical Change
Thesis (Current Arrangement of Power)Thesis (Current Arrangement of Power)
Antithesis (Contradiction)Antithesis (Contradiction)
Synthesis (New Arrangement of Power)Synthesis (New Arrangement of Power)
Classless StateClassless State
How Social Change Transforms Social LifeHow Social Change Transforms Social Life
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 5
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Cultural EvolutionCultural Evolution
Natural CyclesNatural Cycles
Conflict Over PowerConflict Over Power
Theories and Processes of Social ChangeTheories and Processes of Social Change
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 6
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Ogburn’s TheoryOgburn’s Theory
InventionInvention
DiscoveryDiscovery
DiffusionDiffusion
Cultural LagCultural Lag
Theories and Processes of Social ChangeTheories and Processes of Social Change
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 7
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Evaluation of Ogburn’s TheoryEvaluation of Ogburn’s Theory
Too UnidirectionalToo Unidirectional
The Way People Adapt to Technology Only Part The Way People Adapt to Technology Only Part
of the Storyof the Story
However, He Never Said Technology was the However, He Never Said Technology was the
Only Force for Social ChangeOnly Force for Social Change
Theories and Processes of Social ChangeTheories and Processes of Social Change
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 8
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Technology is Tools and SkillsTechnology is Tools and Skills
Postmodern Societies Possess Technology that Postmodern Societies Possess Technology that
Greatly Extend Human AbilityGreatly Extend Human Ability
How Technology Changes SocietyHow Technology Changes Society
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 9
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Changes in Social OrganizationChanges in Social Organization
Changes in IdeologyChanges in Ideology
Changes in ValuesChanges in Values
Changes in Social RelationshipsChanges in Social Relationships
The Extent of the TransformationThe Extent of the Transformation
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 10
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Computers in EducationComputers in Education
Computers in the WorkplaceComputers in the Workplace
Computers in Business and FinanceComputers in Business and Finance
Changes in the War on TerrorismChanges in the War on Terrorism
The Cutting Edge of ChangeThe Cutting Edge of Change
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 11
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Access to Libraries of InformationAccess to Libraries of Information
World Linked by Almost Instantaneous World Linked by Almost Instantaneous
CommunicationCommunication
National and Global Stratification National and Global Stratification
Represents a Digital DivideRepresents a Digital Divide
Cyberspace and Social InequalityCyberspace and Social Inequality
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 12
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Environmental Problems in the Environmental Problems in the
Most Industrialized NationsMost Industrialized Nations
Industrial Growth at the Cost of Industrial Growth at the Cost of
Natural EnvironmentNatural Environment
Major Polluters in Most Major Polluters in Most
Industrialized NationsIndustrialized Nations
The Growth Machine vs. The EarthThe Growth Machine vs. The Earth
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 13
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Fossil Fuels and the EnvironmentFossil Fuels and the Environment
The Energy Shortage and Multinational The Energy Shortage and Multinational
CorporationsCorporations
Environmental InjusticeEnvironmental Injustice
The Growth Machine vs. The EarthThe Growth Machine vs. The Earth
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 14
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Ozone DepletionOzone Depletion
Greenhouse EffectGreenhouse Effect
Global WarmingGlobal Warming
Environmental Problems in Industrializing NationsEnvironmental Problems in Industrializing Nations
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 15
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Exported Pollution from Industrialized Exported Pollution from Industrialized
NationsNations
Destruction of HabitatDestruction of Habitat
Disappearance of Rain ForestsDisappearance of Rain Forests
Environmental Problems in Industrializing NationsEnvironmental Problems in Industrializing Nations
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 16
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Green Political PartiesGreen Political Parties
Activists Seek Solutions in…Activists Seek Solutions in…
PoliticsPolitics
EducationEducation
LegislationLegislation
The Environmental MovementThe Environmental Movement
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 17
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Main Assumptions:Main Assumptions:
Physical Environment a Significant VariablePhysical Environment a Significant Variable
Human Beings Depend on Natural EnvironmentHuman Beings Depend on Natural Environment
Human Actions Have Unintended ConsequencesHuman Actions Have Unintended Consequences
The World is Finite; Limits to Economic GrowthThe World is Finite; Limits to Economic Growth
Environmental SociologyEnvironmental Sociology
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 18
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Main Assumptions:Main Assumptions: Economic Expansion Requires Extraction of Resources Economic Expansion Requires Extraction of Resources
from Environmentfrom Environment
Increased Extractions Lead to Ecological ProblemsIncreased Extractions Lead to Ecological Problems
Ecological Problems Restrict Economic ExpansionEcological Problems Restrict Economic Expansion
Governments Create Environmental ProblemsGovernments Create Environmental Problems
Environmental SociologyEnvironmental Sociology
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 19
Chapter 22: Social Change and the EnvironmentChapter 22: Social Change and the Environment
Technology and the Environment: The Technology and the Environment: The
Goal of HarmonyGoal of Harmony
Abuse of Environment Not InevitableAbuse of Environment Not Inevitable
Must Discover Ways to Reduce or Must Discover Ways to Reduce or
Eliminate Harm to the EnvironmentEliminate Harm to the Environment
Environmental SociologyEnvironmental Sociology
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