Chapter 1: Introductions M. A. Farjoo
Jan 01, 2016
Chapter 1:Introductions
M. A. Farjoo
Background Applications Manufacturing Technologies
Table of Contents
Composite materials (or composites for short) are engineered materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties and which remain separate and distinct on a macroscopic level within the finished structure. (Wikipedia)
Background
The most primitive composite materials comprised straw and mud in the form of bricks for building construction
Background
Arg-e-Bam, IRAN.Constructed in 20 hectares, More than 1400 years ago.
There are two categories of constituent materials: matrix and reinforcement. The matrix material surrounds and supports the reinforcement materials by maintaining their relative positions. The reinforcements impart their special mechanical and physical properties to enhance the matrix properties.
Background
The most famous composite is called fiberglass which is made of glass fibers as the reinforcement and polyester (or epoxy) resin as the matrix.
Backgrund
Most industries have a connection with composite materials.
Due to high strength and light weight of composite materials, aerospace industries use composite materials. Carbon fibers and fiberglass are used in Aerospace industries.
Leading edge of the wings, vertical and horizontal tails, compressed air tanks, nose cone, fuselage, etc. are made of composite materials.
Applications
Applications
Composite fuselage
Applications
Full composite glider
Applications
Composite nose cone
Applications
Composite sandwich panel wing
Duse to high durability of composite materials in water and wet climate, most boats and yachts are made by composite materials.
Allications
Full composite high speed boat
Applications
Boat interiors
Applications
Composite Bridges
Automobile industry uses several kind of composite parts.
Sport cars employ composites to reduce the weight.
Applications
Composite body
Applications
Composite body
Most sport equipment are sued by fiberglass.
Ski and ski pole are made by composite materials.
Applications
Civil Engineers are familiar with composite materials. They use composites to reinforce the structure against seismic loads.
Application
Fiberglass finishing
Applications
Composite swimming pool
Applications
Renovation by fiberglass
Applications
Composite Domes
Applications
Reinforcement of Building by composite
materials
Wind turbines are made composite materials. Some of their blades have 100 m length.
Applications
As a general rule, when one needs light structure with high strength, composite materials are the best choice.
Some part of the body of high speed trains are made by composites. Further more the interiors are made by composites.
Applications
Applications
High speed Japan train
Applications
Monorail Interior, Malaysia
Applications
Monorail body, Malaysia
Also other thousands of applications can be found if one search “composite” or “Fiberglass” in internet!!
Applications
Every composite parts needs master and mould.
The common manufacturing techniques are:◦ Hand layup.◦ Spray Up.◦ Resin Transfer Molding (RTM).◦ Resin Infusion.◦ Filament Winding.◦ Sheet Metal Compound (SMC).◦ Bulk Molding Compound (BMC).
Manufacturing Technologies
Hand layup.
Manufacturing Technologies
Spray Up.
Manufacturing Technologies
Resin Transfer Molding (RTM)
Manufacturing Technologies
Resin Infusion
Manufacturing Technologies
Filament Winding
Manufacturing Technologies
Sheet Molding Compound (SMC)
Manufacturing Technologies
Bulk Molding Compound (BMC)
Manufacturing Technologies
Pultrusion
Manufacturing Technologies