-
NP 45
RECORD OF AMENDMENTS
The table below is to record Section IV Notice to Mariners
amendments affecting this volume.Sub paragraph numbers in the
margin of the body of the book are to assist the user with these
amendments.
Weekly Notices to Mariners (Section IV)
2005 2006 2007 2008
IMPORTANT SEE RELATED ADMIRALTY PUBLICATIONSThis is one of a
series of publications produced by the United Kingdom Hydrographic
Office which should be consulted by users ofAdmiralty Charts. The
full list of such publications is as follows:
Notices to Mariners (Annual, permanent, temporary and
preliminary), Chart 5011 (Symbols and abbreviations), The
MarinersHandbook (especially Chapters 1 and 2 for important
information on the use of UKHO products, their accuracy and
limitations),Sailing Directions (Pilots), List of Lights and Fog
Signals, List of Radio Signals, Tide Tables and their digital
equivalents.
All charts and publications should be kept up to date with the
latest amendments.
-
NP 45
MEDITERRANEAN PILOT
VOLUME 1
The coasts of Spain from Gibraltar to Cap Cerbre; Islas
Baleares;the north coast of Africa from Ceuta to Ras Ajdir;
Isola di Pantelleria and Isole Pelagie;the Maltese Islands;
Isole Egadi; Sicilia and Isole Eolie;
the coast of Italy from Capo Suvero to Capo Santa Maria di
Leuca
TWELFTH EDITION2005
PUBLISHED BY THE UNITED KINGDOM HYDROGRAPHIC OFFICE
-
ii
Crown Copyright 2005
To be obtained from Agentsfor the sale of Admiralty Charts and
Publications
Copyright for some of the material inthis publication is owned
by the authority
named under the item and permission for itsreproduction must be
obtained from the owner.
Previous editions:
First published 1873. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 2nd Edition 1885. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3rd Edition 1894. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4th Edition 1905. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5th
Edition 1913. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 6th Edition 1926. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7th Edition 1937. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8th Edition 1951. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9th
Edition 1963. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 10th Edition 1978. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11th Edition 2002. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-
iii
PREFACE
The Twelfth Edition of Mediterranean Pilot Volume I has been
prepared by the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office, which has used
allreasonable endeavours to ensure that this Pilot contains all the
appropriate information obtained by and assessed by it at the date
shownbelow. Information received or assessed after that date will
be included in Admiralty Notices to Mariners where appropriate. If
in doubt, seeThe Mariners Handbook for details of what Admiralty
Notices to Mariners are and how to use them.
This edition supersedes the Eleventh Edition (2002) which is
cancelled.
Information on climate and currents has been based on data
supplied by the Met Office, Exeter.
The following sources of information, other than UKHO
Publications and Ministry of Defence papers, have been
consulted:
Local Port AuthoritiesPort Handbooks produced by Port
AuthoritiesFairplay Ports Guide 2005Ports of the World 2005Lloyds
Maritime Guide 200405Whitakers Almanac 2005The Statesmans Yearbook
2005EncyclopediasLloyds ListItalian Charts and sailing
DirectionsSpanish Charts and sailing DirectionsFrench Charts and
sailing DirectionsAlgerian Charts
Dr D W WilliamsUnited Kingdom National Hydrographer
The United Kingdom Hydrographic OfficeAdmiralty
WayTauntonSomerset TA1 2DNEngland12th May 2005
-
iv
PREFACEto the Eleventh Edition (2002)
The Eleventh Edition of Mediterranean Pilot Volume 1 has been
prepared by Lieutenant Commander H. J. R. Milner, Royal Navy,
andCaptain J. H. Gomersall, Master Mariner, and contains the latest
information received in the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office to
thedate given below.
This edition supersedes the Tenth Edition (1978) and supplement
10 (1998), which are cancelled.
Information on climate and currents has been based on data
supplied by the Meteorological Office, Bracknell.
The following sources of information, other than UKHO
Publications and Ministry of Defence papers, have been
consulted:
Local Port AuthoritiesPort Handbooks produced by Port
AuthoritiesFairplay Ports Guide 2002Ports of the World 2001Lloyds
Maritime Guide 200102Whitakers Almanac 2002The Statesmans Yearbook
2002Comptons EncyclopediaLloyds ListItalian charts and Sailing
DirectionsSpanish charts and Sailing DirectionsFrench charts and
Sailing DirectionsAlgerian charts
Dr D W WilliamsUnited Kingdom National Hydrographer
The United Kingdom Hydrographic OfficeAdmiralty
WayTauntonSomerset TA1 2DNEngland26th July 2002
-
CONTENTSPages
Preface to the Twelfth Edition (2005) iii. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preface to
the Eleventh Edition (2002) iv. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contents v. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Explanatory notes vii. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abbreviations ix. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Glossary xi. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index chartlet 1 xix. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index chartlet 2 xx. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 1
Navigation and regulationsLimits of the book (1.1) 1. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . Navigational dangers and hazards (1.3) 1. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Traffic and
operations (1.7) 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Charts (1.13) 6. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aids to navigation (1.17) 6. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . Pilotage (1.21) 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radio facilities (1.22) 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Regulations
(1.25) 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Signals (1.43) 10. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Distress and rescue (1.44) 11. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
Countries and portsAlgeria (1.54) 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . Italy (1.63) 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . Malta (1.72) 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Morocco (1.81) 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spain (1.90)
17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tunisia (1.99) 18. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Principal ports, harbours and
anchorages (1.108) 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . Port services summary (1.109) 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural conditionsMaritime topography (1.116) 23. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Currents, tidal streams and flow (1.128) 24. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sea level and tides (1.134)
27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . Sea and swell (1.136) 27. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. Sea water characteristics (1.139) 27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Climate and weather
(1.145) 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Climatic tables (1.166) 44. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . Meteorological conversion table and scales (1.199) 78. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 2
South coast of Spain: Gibraltar to Cabo de San Antonio 81. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 3
Spain East coast Cabo de San Antonio to Cap Cerbre 127. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 4
Islas Baleares 177. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
CHAPTER 5
Morocco Mediterranean coast 225. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 6
The coast of Algeria 243. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
v
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER 7
The coast of Tunisia 287. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 8
Sicilian Channel 327. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
CHAPTER 9
Sicilia West and South coasts including Isole gadi 353. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 10
Sicilia North coast and offlying islands 377. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 11
Italy South West coast, Capo Suvero to Stretto di Messina 409. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 12
Stretto di Messina 421. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vi
CHAPTER 13
Sicilia South East coast 435. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 14
South coast of Italy Stretto di Messina to Capo di Santa Maria
di Leuca 461. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
APPENDIX AND INDEX
Appendix Areas used for firing exercises, special areas and
submarine operating areas 502. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . Index 507. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .
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vii
EXPLANATORY NOTES
Admiralty Sailing Directions are intended for use by vessels of
150 gt or more. They amplify charted detail and contain
informationneeded for safe navigation which is not available from
Admiralty charts, or other hydrographic publications. They are
intended to be read inconjunction with the charts quoted in the
text.
This volume of the Sailing Directions will be kept up-to-date by
the issue of a new edition at intervals of approximately 3 years,
withoutthe use of supplements. In addition important amendments
which cannot await the new edition are published in Section IV of
the weeklyeditions of Admiralty Notices to Mariners. A list of such
amendments and notices in force is published quarterly. Those still
in force at the endof the year are reprinted in the Annual Summary
of Admiralty Notices to Mariners.
This volume should not be used without reference to Section IV
of the weekly editions of Admiralty Notices to Mariners.
CDROM
Status. A compact disc is provided at the back of this volume.
The paper publication of Sailing Directions satisfies the
requirements ofChapter V of the International Convention for the
Safety of Life at Sea. The CD version does not satisfy these
requirements and should onlybe used in conjunction with the paper
publication and any amendments affecting the paper publication.
Where any discrepancy existsbetween data on the CD and in the paper
publication of Sailing Directions, the paper publication (inclusive
of amendments) is to be reliedupon.
Disclaimer. Whilst the UKHO has made all reasonable efforts to
ensure that the data on the CD was accurate at the time of
production, ithas not verified the data for navigational purposes
and the CD is not suitable, and is not to be relied upon, for
navigation. The use of the CD forthis purpose is at the users own
risk. The UKHO accepts no liability (except in the case of death or
personal injury caused by the negligenceof the UKHO) whether in
contract, tort, under any statute or otherwise and whether or not
arising out of any negligence on the part of theUKHO in respect of
any inadequacy of any kind whatsoever in the data on the CD or in
the means of distribution.
Conditions of release. The material supplied on the CDROM is
protected by Crown Copyright. No part of the data may be
reproduced,stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or
otherwisewithout the prior written permission of the UKHO. The
copyright material, its derivatives and its outputs may not be sold
or distributed orcommercially exploited in either an original or
derived form without the prior written permission of the UKHO. For
the avoidance of doubt,the supplied material, its derivatives and
its outputs shall not be placed, or allowed to be placed, on a
computer accessible to Third Partieswhether via the Internet or
otherwise. The release of the supplied material in no way implies
that the UKHO will supply further material.
References to hydrographic and other publications
The Mariners Handbook gives general information affecting
navigation and is complementary to this volume.
Ocean Passages for the World and Routeing Charts contain ocean
routeing information and should be consulted for other than
coastalpassages.
Admiralty List of Lights should be consulted for details of
lights, lanbys and fog signals, as these are not fully described in
this volume.
Admiralty List of Radio Signals should be consulted for
information relating to coast and port radio stations, radio
details of pilotageservices, radar beacons and radio direction
finding stations, meteorological services, radio aids to
navigation, Global Maritime Distress andSafety System (GMDSS) and
Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) stations, as these
are only briefly referred to in this volume.
Admiralty Maritime Communications is a comprehensive guide on
all aspects of maritime communications for the yachtsman and
smallcraft user. It provides general information on Global Maritime
Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), the management of VHF,
MaritimeSafety Information, NAVTEX, Inmarsat and Radio Facsimile,
and detailed information and procedures for marinas and harbours
used bysmall craft.
Annual Summary of Admiralty Notices to Mariners contains in
addition to the temporary and preliminary notices, and amendments
andnotices affecting Sailing Directions, a number of notices giving
information of a permanent nature covering radio messages and
navigationalwarnings, distress and rescue at sea and exercise
areas.
The International Code of Signals should be consulted for
details of distress and life-saving signals, international
ice-breaker signals aswell as international flag signals.
Remarks on subject matter
Buoys are generally described in detail only when they have
special navigational significance, or where the scale of the chart
is too smallto show all the details clearly.
Chart index diagrams in this volume show only those Admiralty
charts of a suitable scale to give good coverage of the area.
Marinersshould consult NP 131 Catalogue of Admiralty Charts and
Publications for details of larger scale charts.
-
EXPLANATORY NOTES
viii
Chart references in the text normally refer to the largest scale
Admiralty chart but occasionally a smaller scale chart may be
quoted whereits use is more appropriate.
Firing, practice and exercise areas. Submarine exercise areas
are mentioned in Sailing Directions. Other firing, practice and
exerciseareas maybe mentioned with limited details. Signals and
buoys used in connection with these areas maybe mentioned if
significant fornavigation. Attention is invited to the Annual
Notice to Mariners on this subject.
Names have been taken from the most authoritative source. When
an obsolete name still appears on the chart, it is given in
bracketsfollowing the proper name at the principal description of
the feature in the text and where the name is first mentioned.
Tidal information relating the daily vertical movements of the
water is not given; for this Admiralty Tide Tables should be
consulted.Changes in water level of an abnormal nature are
mentioned.
Time difference used in the text when applied to the time of
High Water found from the Admiralty Tide Tables, gives the time of
the eventbeing described in the Standard Time kept in the area of
that event. Due allowance must be made for any seasonal daylight
saving time whichmay be kept.
Wreck information is included where drying or below-water wrecks
are relatively permanent features having significance fornavigation
or anchoring.
Units and terminology used in this volume
Latitude and Longitude given in brackets are approximate and are
taken from the chart quoted.
Bearings and directions are referred to the true compass and
when given in degrees are reckoned clockwise from 000 (North) to
359Bearings used for positioning are given from the reference
object.Bearings of objects, alignments and light sectors are given
as seen from the vessel.Courses always refer to the course to be
made good over the ground.
Winds are described by the direction from which they blow.
Tidal streams and currents are described by the direction
towards which they flow.
Distances are expressed in sea miles of 60 to a degree of
latitude and sub-divided into cables of one tenth of a sea
mile.
Depths are given below chart datum, except where otherwise
stated.
Heights of objects refer to the height of the object above the
ground and are invariably expressed as ... m in height.
Elevations, as distinct from heights, are given above Mean High
Water Springs or Mean Higher High Water whichever is quoted
inAdmiralty Tide Tables, and expressed as, an elevation of ... m.
However the elevation of natural features such as hills may
alternatively beexpressed as ... m high since in this case there
can be no confusion between elevation and height.
Metric units are used for all measurements of depths, heights
and short distances, but where feet/fathoms charts are referred to,
theselatter units are given in brackets after the metric values for
depths and heights shown on the chart.
Time is expressed in the four-figure notation beginning at
midnight and is given in local time unless otherwise stated.
Details of local timekept will be found in Admiralty List of Radio
Signals Volume 2.
Bands is the word used to indicate horizontal marking.
Stripes is the word used to indicate markings which are
vertical, unless stated to be diagonal.
Conspicuous objects are natural and artificial marks which are
outstanding, easily identifiable and clearly visible to the mariner
over alarge area of sea in varying conditions of light. If the
scale is large enough they will normally be shown on the chart in
bold capitals and may bemarked conspic.
Prominent objects are those which are easily identifiable, but
do not justify being classified as conspicuous.
-
ix
ABBREVIATIONS
The following abbreviations are used in the text:
AIS Automatic Indentification SystemALC Articulated loading
columnALP Articulated loading platformAMVER Automated Mutual
Assistance Vessel Rescue
System
C degrees CelsiusCALM Catenary anchor leg mooringCBM
Conventional buoy mooringCDC Certain Dangerous CargoCVTS
Cooperative Vessel Traffic System
DF direction findingDG degaussingDGPS Differential Global
Positioning SystemDW Deep WaterDSC Digital Selective Callingdwt
deadweight tonnageDZ danger zone
E east (easterly, eastward, eastern, easternmost)EEZ exclusive
economic zoneELSBM Exposed location single buoy mooringENE
east-north-eastEPIRB Emergency Position Indicating Radio BeaconESE
east-south-eastETA estimated time of arrivalETD estimated time of
departureEU European Union
feu forty foot equivalent unitfm fathom(s)FPSO Floating
production storage and offloading
vesselFPU Floating production unitFSO Floating storage and
offloading vesselft foot (feet)
g/cm3 gram per cubic centimetreGMDSS Global Maritime Distress
and Safety SystemGPS Global Positioning SystemGRP glass reinforced
plasticgrt gross register tonnagegt gross tonnage
HAT Highest Astronomical TideHF high frequencyHMS Her (His)
Majestys Shiphp horse powerhPa hectopascalHSC High Speed CraftHW
High Water
IALA International Association of LighthouseAuthorities
IHO International Hydrographic OrganizationIMO International
Maritime OrganizationITCZ Intertropical Convergence Zone
JRCC Joint Rescue Coordination Centre
kHz kilohertzkm kilometre(s)kn knot(s)kW kilowatt(s)
Lanby Large automatic navigation buoyLASH Lighter Aboard ShipLAT
Lowest Astronomical TideLF low frequencyLHG Liquefied Hazardous
GasLMT Local Mean TimeLNG Liquefied Natural GasLOA Length
overallLPG Liquefied Petroleum GasLW Low Water
m metre(s)mb millibar(s)MCTS Marine Communications and Traffic
Services
CentresMF medium frequencyMHz megahertzMHHW Mean Higher High
WaterMHLW Mean Higher Low WaterMHW Mean High WaterMHWN Mean High
Water NeapsMHWS Mean High Water SpringsMLHW Mean Lower High
WaterMLLW Mean Lower Low WaterMLW Mean Low WaterMLWN Mean Low Water
NeapsMLWS Mean Low Water Springsmm millimetre(s)MMSI Maritime
Mobile Service IdentityMRCC Maritime Rescue Co-ordination
CentreMRSC Maritime Rescue Sub-CentreMSI Marine Safety
InformationMSL Mean Sea LevelMV Motor VesselMW megawatt(s)MY Motor
Yacht
N north (northerly, northward, northern,northernmost)
NATO North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationNavtex Navigational Telex
SystemNE north-eastNNE north-north-eastNNW north-north-westNo
numbernrt nett register tonnageNW north-west
ODAS Ocean Data Acquisition System
PEL Port Entry LightPLEM Pipe line end manifoldPOL Petrol, Oil
& LubricantsPSSA Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas
-
ABBREVIATIONS
x
RCC Rescue Coordination CentreRMS Royal Mail ShipRN Royal
NavyRo-Ro Rollon, Roll-offRT radio telephony
S south (southerly, southward, southern,southernmost)
SALM Single anchor leg mooring systemSALS Single anchored leg
storage systemSAR Search and RescueSatnav Satellite navigationSBM
Single buoy mooringSE south-eastSPM Single point mooringsq squareSS
SteamshipSSE south-south-eastSSW south-south-westSW south-west
teu twenty foot equivalent unitTSS Traffic Separation Scheme
UHF ultra high frequencyUKHO United Kingdom Hydrographic
OfficeULCC Ultra Large Crude CarrierUN United NationsUT Universal
TimeUTC Co-ordinated Universal Time
VDR Voyage Data RecorderVHF very high frequencyVLCC Very Large
Crude CarrierVMRS Vessel Movement Reporting SystemVTC Vessel
Traffic CentreVTMS Vessel Traffic Management SystemVTS Vessel
Traffic Services
W west (westerly, westward, western,westernmost)
WGS World Geodetic SystemWMO World Meteorological
OrganizationWNW west-north-westWSW west-south-westWT radio
(wireless) telegraphy
-
xi
GLOSSARY
Glossary of words occasionally used on the charts and in this
volume of Sailing Directions.
ARABIC
Arabic English Arabic English. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
abiad, abyad, abyadh white. . . . . . . . . . . . ahmar red
(masculine). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ain, ain
spring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . aswad black. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . al the. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . anak, anaq cliff. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . arish, arisha dune. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . .
bab narrow strait, gate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . bahr river, lake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . baid, bdiya desert. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . balad
town, village, land. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. beheira, bahra, buhireh lake. . . . . . . . . . bir, bir wells,
well. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . boghaz, bghz
entrance channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bu (abbrev.ab)
father, chief. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . burj tower. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
el the. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
gasr castle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
gebel hill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gera
lake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gezret,
gezira island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gharb west. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
hajar stone, rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. halat sandbank which dries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . hamr red (feminine). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . hassar, hissar rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
jam, jmi mosque. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jabal,
jebel mountain, hill, island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
jazrat island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jn
bay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . janub, junub
south. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
kabir big. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
kalat, kelat, kulat castle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kasba
citadel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kefr, kafr
village. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kibli south. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
km mound, hillock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. kothon, liman port, anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
maghreb, maghrub west. . . . . . . . . . . . . . mrabt,
marabout, murbit monument, tomb, saints tomb. . . . . . marsa,
mers, mersa bay, cove, harbour, anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . .
masjid mosque. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . matla
east. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mdene, manra,
manr minaret. . . . . . . . . mhnat harbour, bay. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . minqar point. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . mirjan coral. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . .
nahr river. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
natur tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nabi,
nebi tomb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
qalaat castle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
qasr castle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
qornet peak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ras, ras cape, point. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
sabakat, sabkha, sbcha, sebkha,trga salt lake, salt lagoon, salt
marsh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . saghira,
seghir, saghir small, little. . . . . . . . . . . sakije canal. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . shab, shab, shib rock,
reef, rocky shoal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . shark east. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sherm, sharm cove, creek,
inlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . shmal, shaml north. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . sidi, saiyid Lord, master (title of
descendants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
of the prophet and saints)
tallet mountain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
tarf, taraf cape. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tell,
tall, tlia hill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
umm mother. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
wd, wadi, wed, uad valley, river bed, river. . . . . . . . . . .
.
-
GLOSSARY
xii
-
GLOSSARY
xiii
FRENCH
French English French English. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
anse bay, creek. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
avant port outer harbour. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
baie bay, gulf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. balise beacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . banc
bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . barre bar. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . basse shoal. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bassin basin, dock. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . batterie battery. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . blanc white. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . bouche mouth of river or strait. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
calanque creek. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . canal
canal, channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cap
cape, headland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
chane chain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . chteau
castle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . chausse
causeway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . chenal channel.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . col mountain pass. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . colline hill. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cte coast. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
darse basin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
dique dike, mole. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
cueil shoal, rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
pi groyne. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . est
east. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tang
lake, lagoon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
fleuve river, stream. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . fosse ditch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
golfe gulf, bay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
grand, e great. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . grau
channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gros
large, heavy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
hautfond shoal, shallow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
le island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
lot islet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . isthme
isthmus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
jete jetty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
lac lake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
maison house. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . marais
swamp, marsh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . marine
marine, navy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mer sea.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mle mole, pier. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mont mount, mountain.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . montagne mount,
mountain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . morne hill. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mouillage anchorage. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
neuf, ve new. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . noir, e
black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nord north. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nouveau new. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ouest west. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
passe pass, channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . petit, e small. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pic
peak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . piton
peak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . plage beach.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . plateau tableland,
shoal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pointe point. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pont bridge. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . port port, harbour. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . presqule peninsula. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
quai quay, wharf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
rade roadstead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. rivire river. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . roche
rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . rocher rock,
generally above water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. rouge red. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ruisseau
stream. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
sable sand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
saline salt works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
sommet summit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sud
south. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
tombeau tomb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . torrent
stream, torrent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tour
tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . trou small
opening in coast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
vieux, vieil, vielle old. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-
GLOSSARY
xiv
ITALIAN
Italian English Italian English. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
alto, alta high, lofty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ancorraggio anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
antemurale seawall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
arcipelago archipelago. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
avamporto outer harbour. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
bacino basin, dock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. baia bay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
banchina quay, wharf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
banco, banchi bank, banks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . barra
bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bassafondo
shoal, shallow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bianco white.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bocca, bocche mouth
of river, strait, s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cala, calanca creek, small bay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . calata wharf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
campanile belfry, steeple. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
campo plain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . canale
canal, channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
canneto reedy marsh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
capo cape, headland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. casa house. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
casino country house. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
castel, castellazo, castello castle. . . . . . . . castelluccio
small castle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . chiesa church.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . citta city, town. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . collina hill. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
darsena basin, wet dock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . diga breakwater, mole. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . .
fiumara river. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fiume
river. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fiumicino
rivulet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . forte fort. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fortino small fort. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fossa cutting. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
golfo gulf, bay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
grande great. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
imboccatura mouth of a river. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. insenatura cove, inlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
isola, isole island, islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
isolotto islet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . istmo
isthmus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
lago lake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
levante east. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
macchia thicket. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mare
sea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . marina beach,
landing place. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mezzo
middle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . molo mole. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
montagna mountain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . monte
mount, mountain, hill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
nero black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
nuovo new. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
palude swamp, marsh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. passagio passage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . passo
pass, channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
penisola peninsula. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . piano
plain, flat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . picco
peak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . piccolo,
picciolo small, little. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pietra stone. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . poggio mound, small
hill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ponente west. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ponte bridge. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pontile pier. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . porticciolo small entrance. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . porto port, harbour. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . promontorio promontory. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . punta point, summit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
rada roadstead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. rocca fortress on rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . rosso red. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
rotondo round. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
sabbia sand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
salina salt water lagoon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . santo holy, sacred. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . scali steps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
scalo landing place. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. scirocco southeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
scogli reef. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . scoglio
rock, reef. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . scogliera
ridge of rocks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . secca
shoal, sandbank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
secche group of shoals, reef. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . seno small bay, creek. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . spiaggia beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. stagno lake, pond. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
strada road. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . stretto
strait. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
taglio cut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . testa,
testata head. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tondo round. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . torre tower. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . torrente stream, torrent. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tramontana north. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
valle valley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vecchio old, ancient. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
via road, street. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. villa villa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vortici eddy, whirlpool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
-
GLOSSARY
xv
MALTESE
Maltese English Maltese English. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
blata rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cala cove, small bay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .
dala (dalet) cove, inlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
fiegu channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
ebel hill, point. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. gar cove. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gejjer
island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ara rock (in water). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ofra inlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
kalanka cove. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kbira
big. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
marr inlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ponta point. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
qala (qalet) bay, inlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
qolla hill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . qortin
hill, upland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ramla bay, inlet, beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . ras point, cape. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .
scalo landing place. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . sikka reef. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
skoll rocks (in water). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
taktigha rock (in water). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
wied valley, torrent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
gira small. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
THE MALTESE LANGUAGEMaltese is a Semitic language, closely
related to Arabic, but written wholly in Roman letters.The Maltese
alphabet is as follows:A B D E F G H () I J K L M N G (g) O P Q R S
T U V W X Z Consonants are pronounced as in English, except: as in
church as in George () as in Hard but pronounced in the throat;
c.f. Arabic . The upper case is written with a double bar, the
lower
case with a single bar.J as in YesG (g) unpronounced, but
lengthens the adjacent vowelQ glottal stop; as in the slovenly
pronunciation of butter, i.e.buerX as in Sheep as in fizzZ as in
FitzpatrickThe definite article Il (c.f.Arabic Al) is capitalised
when it occurs initially and is hyphenated to the name following,
e.g. IlBirgu.The I of Il is generally dropped before names
beginning with a vowel or G, e.g. LAmar, LGaqba. Sometimes it is
dropped before otherconsonants, e.g. LKbira and examples lBajda,
lamra below.The l of the article is assimilated as I, Id, In, Ir,
Is, It, Ix, Iz and I before names beginning with these nine
letters, e.g. IsSikka. The I is alsosometimes dropped before
assimilated articles, e.g. Hara sSewda, IlHofra Zgira.All these
forms of the article are written in lower case when occuring in the
middle of a compound name, e.g. IlBlata lBajda, Ras inNiexfa,
IxXagra,lamra.The preposition of is Ta and may occur initially in
names, e.g. Ta Brija. It combines with the definite article as Ta
l, e.g. Ta lAbatija.This form assimilates in the same way as the
article; Ta, Tad, Tan, Tal, Tar, Tas, Tat, Tax, Taz and Ta, e.g.
TalGruwa, Taejt.Similarily, the initial T is written in lower case
when occurring as the second element in a name, e.g. IlQala
taxXwieni, Wied ta lIsqof.
-
GLOSSARY
xvi
SPANISH
Spanish English Spanish English. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
abra cove, creek, haven, opening. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . adento inner, inside (adj). . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . afuera outer, outside (adj). . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . aguado watering place. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . aguado, a sharp, pointed (adj). .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . aguja needle. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . albufera lagoon, pond. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . aldea village. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . alto, a tall, high (adj). . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . altos, alturas heights. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . amarillo, a yellow. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . ancladero anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . ancho wide, broad (adj). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . ancn open bay or roadstead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . angostura narrows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . archiplago archipelago. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. arena sand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
arenal extemsive area of sand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . arrecife reef. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. arroyito brook. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
arroyo stream, rivulet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. astillero shipyard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
atalaya watchtower, high viewpoint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . azul blue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
baha bay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bajo
shoal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bajo shoal
(adj) below, under,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
low (adj)baliza beacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . balneario seaside resort. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . bancha bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
banco (de arena) bank (sandbank). . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
barlovento windward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . barra
bar (of a river, etc.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . barranco precipice, ravine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . barrera barrier (e.g.mountain barrier). . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . barrio ward, section (of a town). . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bateria battery. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . blanco, a white (adj), target (n.). .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . boca mouth. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . boquern wide mouth, opening or. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
entranceboquette narrow entrance, gap. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . bravo, a coast, shore, beach exposed to. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
heavy seasbrazo arm (of the sea etc.). . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . .
cabeza shoal head. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cabezo summit of a hill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. cabo cape. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cadena
chain (of mountains, etc.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . cala narrow cove or creek with steep. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .
sidescaleta cove. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
caletn large cove. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
campo any tract of country. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . caada glen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . canal
channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . canalizo
narrow channel between. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
islandscanto bluff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . capilla chapel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cargadero loading terminal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
casa house. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cascada waterfall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
casero hamlet, group of houses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . castel, l, le castle fort. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. castillo fort, castle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. castro headland, hillock surmounted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
by ruinscatedral cathedral. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .
cayo cay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cerrito hillock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cerro hill, hillock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. chico, a small. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cima
summit, crest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ciudad city or town. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ciudadela citadel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . col, c
hill, rocky shoal, rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. colina hollock, hill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. collado hillock, elevation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . colinia colony, settlement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . colorado reddish in colour. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . comarca region. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . concha bay or cove. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cono cone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . convento
convent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cordillera
mountain range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . corona
crown, summit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cortadura cut, cutting, very narrow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . .
channel or defilecosta coast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . cota summit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . cruz cross. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . cuartel barracks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cuesta sloping ground, hill, hillock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . cuera cave. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . cumbre summit, peak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . cua quoin, ridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . cspide summit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
drsena basin, dock, breakwater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . delta delta. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . departamento department. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
desembarcadero landing place. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
desembocadura mouth of a river. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
desierto desert. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dique
mole, dock, embankment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . distrito district. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
doble double. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . duna
dune. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
el definite article (masc.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . embocadura mouth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . ensenada bay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . entrada
entrance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ermita
hermitage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . escollera
breakwater, wave trap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
escollo shallow rock, reef awash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . espign arm of a mole. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . estacin station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
estancia ranch, country estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . este east. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. estero creek, inlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. estrecho straits, narrows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . estuario estuary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
exterior outer, exterior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
faralln stack; steep, sharppointed rocky. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . islet
faro lighthouse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. fondeadero anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
fortaleza fortress. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
fraile friar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . freo
strait. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . freu
narrow strait between island and. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .
mainlandfrontn walllike cliff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . fuerte fort. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
garganta narrow restricted passage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . garita sentry box, hut, lookout. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . golfo gulf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
-
GLOSSARY
xvii
gran, grande large, great, big. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . gris grey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
grupo group (of islands). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
hacienda farm, plantation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . herradura horseshoe shaped. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
iglesia church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
interior inner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . isla
island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . isleta
islet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . islita small
island, islet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
isole barren islet, skerry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . islotillo, islotito small barren islet. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . istmo isthmus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
la, las definite article (fem.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . lago lake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . laguna lagoon, pond. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . laja flat rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . largo, a long. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
lastra rocky ledge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
levante eastern. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . llana,
o plain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . llanura plain.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . loma hillock, knoll. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lomo ridge. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . los definite article (masc.).
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lugar village,
place. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lugarejo
hamlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
malecn quay, mole. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mar
sea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . margen
shore, river bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
marisma marsh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mdano
dune, sandhill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . medio
middle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . meridional
southern. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mesa, meseta
tableland, plateau. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mogote
hummock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . molino mill. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . monasterio monastery. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . montaa mountain. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . monte mountain, forest, group or clump. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
of treesmonticulo knoll. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
moreno, a brown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . morro
headland, bluff, head of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
breakwater, etc.muelle pier, jetty, mole. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . muralla wall of mountains, cliffs, etc.. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
negro, a black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . norte
north. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nuevo, a
new. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
obscuro, oscuro dark. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . occidental
western. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . oeste west. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . oriental eastern. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
palacio place. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pan
de azcar sugarloaf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pantano
swamp, marsh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pardo, a
grey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . parque park. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pasaje pasage. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . paseo promenade, avenue. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . paso pass. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pea rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . peal rocky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . peasco large rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . pennsula peninsula. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
pen rocky mountain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
pequeo, a small. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
petn pinnacle rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . picacho sharppeak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
pico peak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . piedra
stone, rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . placer
shoal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . playa beach. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . poblacin town. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . poblado village. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . poniente western. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . pozo well, deep hole in river or sea bed. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . presa barrage, wier. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . promontorio promontory.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . provincia province. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . pueblecito small town, village. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pueblito hamlet. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . pueblo town. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . puente bridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . puerto port, harbour. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . punta point. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . puntal narrow point. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
quebrada ravine, gully. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
rada roadstead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. redondo, a round. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . regato
torrent, stream. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
restinga reef. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
reventazones breakers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ra
fjordlike river estuary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . riachuelo rivulet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . ribera shore, river bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . riera stream, dry in summer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . rincn inner angle or corner, a small. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
cove or corner in a large bayro river. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . roca roadstead. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . rocalloso, a pebbly, stony. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . rochel rocky patch. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . rodal shoal, usually rocky and of some. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
extentrojo, a red. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
rompeolas breakwater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
rompientes breakers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . roquerio
rocky shoal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
salinas salt pans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
san, santo, a saint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . seco dry.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . seno bight, sound.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . septentrional
northern. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . serrana mountain
ridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sierra mountain
range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . silla
saddle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sotavento
leeward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sucio, a foul. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sus, sur south. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . surgidero anchorage. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
tenedero holding ground, anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . tetas nipples, paps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . tetn large nipples, pap. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . tierra land. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . torre tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . torrente torrent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
vado ford. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . valle
valley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . varadero
slipway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vega plain
(noun). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . verd green.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viejo, a old. . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viga lookout. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . villa town, villa. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . villorio hamlet. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . volcn volcano. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
zona zone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-
NOTES
xviii
-
CORSE
NP 46MEDITERRANEAN
PILOT VOL IIS A R D E G N A
C.
oB uag r
no i
Ras el Hdia d
Tunis
TU
NI
SI
A
67
176
1705
2121 2122
1983
42
41
40
39
37
36
35
34
See Index Cha
rt NP (45b)
6 7 8 9 10
6 7 8 9 10
NP 45(a) Barcelona
C. S. SebastianN
P
6
7
W
.
C
O
A
S
T
S
O
F
S
P
A
I
N
&
P
O
R
T
U
G
A
L
P
I
L
O
T
C. San Antonio
Valencia
Formentera
Mallorca
C. Tortosa
Ibiza Cabrera
Menorca
I S L A S
B A L E A R E S
Gibraltar
Puerto de Ceuta
Ras Oueill s
C.oCrbe
lin
Ras T
ieta
Madar
i
S P A I N
M O R O C C O
A L G E R I A
Alger
Ras Ferrat
3
3
44
44
2
2
6
6
5
91
1701
1704
2717
165
1703
1700
1910
1780
252
2437
774
773
1909
1702
0605
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
346 5 4 3 2 Meridian of 0 Greenwich 2 3 4 5
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5
Chapter Index Diagram
Mediterranean Pilot Vol I
xix
-
ifati
S. Mariadi Leuca
Corfu
ssero
NP 49MEDITERRANEAN
PILOT VOL V
NP 47MEDITERRANEAN
PILOT VOL III
L Y
187 188
124
1941
165
1439
14
13
14
121
16 17 18 19 20
16 17 18 19 20
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
NP 45(b)SARDEGNA
C. Bon
C.Co
rbel ni
C. Bougaroni Ras
Toukou
ch
C. Bon
Tunis
S I C I L I A
C. Pa
MALTA
Ras
A drj i
L I B Y A
NP 46MEDITERRANEAN
PILOT VOL II
P.of T
arabu
lus
I T A
A L G E R I A
I. de Galite
TU
NI S
I A
176
1983
1439
1976
2522121 2122
1910
2717 2
2123
3403
1440
0605
66 7
9
9
10
7 8
8
7
1
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Longitude 12 East from Greenwich 15
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
41
40
39
37
36
35
34
33
Mediterranean Pilot Vol I
S
e
e
I
n
d
e
x
C
h
a
r
t
N
P
(
4
5
a
)
Chapter Index Diagram
xx
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1LAWS AND REGULATIONS APPERTAINING TO NAVIGATION
While, in the interests of the safety of shipping, the United
Kingdom Hydrographic Office makes every endeavour to include in
itshydrographic publications details of the laws and regulations of
all countries appertaining to navigation, it must be clearly
understood:-
(a) that no liability whatever will be accepted for failure to
publish details of any particular law or regulation, and(b) that
publication of details of a law or regulation is solely for the
safety and convenience of shipping and implies no recognition
of the international validity of the law or regulation.
MEDITERRANEAN PILOTVOLUME I
CHAPTER 1NAVIGATION AND REGULATIONS
COUNTRIES AND PORTSNATURAL CONDITIONS
NAVIGATION AND REGULATIONS
LIMITS OF THE BOOK
Chart 43011.1
1 Area covered. This volume contains Sailing Directionsfor the
coastal and offshore waters bordering the S and Ecoasts of Spain,
the Islas Baleares, the N AfricanMediterranean coasts of Morocco,
Algeria and Tunisia.Also covered are Sicily, the Strait of Sicily
and the S coastof Italy.1.2
1 Sea area. The sea area covered includes the AlbornSea, the
Balearic Sea, the S part of the Tyrrhenian Sea andthe W part of the
Ionian Sea. The area is defined as withinthe following limits:
Lat LongFrom the Gibraltar/Spanish border 3610N 520WE and N
along the Spanish coast to theSpain/France border
4226N 310E
E to position 4226N 500ESE to position 3830N 700EE to position
3830N 1000EENE to position 3900N 1200EE to Capo Suvero 3900N
1610ES, E and N to Capo Santa Maria diLeuca at the entrance to the
Adriatic Sea
3948N 1822E
Lat LongS to position 3400N 1822EW to position 3400N 1200ESW to
Ras Ajdir near the Tunisia/Libyaborder
3310N 1134E
W along the N African coasts of Tunisia,Algeria and Morocco to a
position closeS of Ceuta
3552N 521W
N to rejoin the Gibraltar/Spanish border 3610N 520W
NAVIGATIONAL DANGERS AND HAZARDSCoastal conditions1.3
1 In all coastal areas covered by this volume the mariner,must
keep a good look out for Tunny and other fishingactivities
(1.8).
2 Spain. The coast along the S and E of Spain consists ofbusy
traffic lanes (1.7) for commercial vessels offshorewith crowded
pleasure craft activity closer inshore near thetourist and holiday
resorts that abound along the coast. Inmost parts the coast can be
closed to a short distance andthere are few off-lying dangers. The
mariner needs to beaware of possible submarine exercise activity
(2.3 and 3.5).
3 Islas Baleares. Most offshore traffic passes SE or NWof the
islands on an NE-SW track. Pleasure craft activitycan be expected
closer inshore near the tourist and holiday
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CHAPTER 1
2
resorts. The mariner must be aware of the submarineexercise
areas (4.5).
4 Moroccan coast. Most offshore traffic (1.7) passes about45
miles N of the Moroccan coast and N of Isla deAlborn (2.149) on a
W-E track. Closer inshore marinersshould approach the coast with
caution due to the age ofthe coastal surveys (5.5) from which
charts have beenpublished. The mariner must be aware of the
submarineexercise area (5.3).
5 Algerian coast. Most offshore traffic (1.7) passes closeto the
Algerian coast on a W-E track. Closer inshore andwhen approaching
Algerian ports specific nationalregulations (1.37) need to be
obeyed.
6 Tunisian coast. There are particularly highconcentrations of
offshore traffic (1.7) through the les CaniTSS (7.26) and Cap Bon
TSS (7.26). Further S only coastaltraffic pertains. The mariner
must be aware of thepossibility of encountering marine exploitation
activities(1.12).
7 Strait of Sicily. Most of the offshore traffic passes NEof
Isola di Pantelleria (8.17) and the Maltese Islands (8.57).The
mariner must be aware of the possibility ofencountering marine
exploitation activities (1.12).
8 Sicilian coast. Most offshore traffic (1.7) passes S ofCapo
Passero (13.119) bound either for the Adriatic Sea,Greece, Beirut
or Port Said. Some traffic also transits N ofthe island, while N
Mediterranean traffic transits N-Sthrough Stretto di Messina.
Mariners need to be cautious ofthe strong currents which are
experienced in the approachesto, and vicinity of Stretto di
Messina. The mariner must beaware of the possibility of
encountering marine exploitationactivities (1.12). Submarine and
other exercise areas (13.2)are located to the E and SE of
Sicilia.
9 Italian W coast. Most offshore traffic (1.7) headsthrough the
Stretto di Messina, but a significant volumealso heads for the
container terminal at Porto di GioiaTauro (11.52). The mariner must
be cautious of the strongcurrents which are experienced in the
approaches to, andvicinity of Stretto di Messina.
10 Italian S coast. Most offshore traffic (1.7) transitsNE-SW to
and from the Adriatic Sea. Most traffic in theGolfo di Taranto is
bound to and from Porto di Taranto(14.117) or its associated
container terminal at PortoIndustriale Esterno (14.141). The
mariner must be aware ofthe possibility of encountering marine
exploitation activities(1.12). Submarine and other exercise areas
(14.56) arelocated in the Golfo di Taranto. Certain weather
conditions(14.61) regularly bring thick fog to the coasts of
thisregion.
Floating hazards1.4
1 When underway, vessels are always at risk of collisionwith
flotsam and jetsam. Floating logs or other debris maybe encountered
at any time, accordingly Mariners areadvised to maintain a good
lookout. Any such hazardsencountered, should be reported to the
appropriate shoreauthorities so that a Navtex warning (1.24) can be
madeand appropriate action taken.
Mine danger areas and explosives danger1.5
1 Many minefields were laid in the Mediterranean duringthe
19391945 war. Due to the lapse of time, the risk tosurface
navigation from mines in the area covered by this
volume is now considered to be no more than the ordinaryhazards
of navigation.
2 Some ships carrying explosives have also been sunk inthe area
covered by this volume. Additionally, after thewar, explosives were
dumped at sea in certain locations.All declared mine danger areas
and explosive danger areasare marked on the charts. For additional
information aboutmines and explosives see The Mariners Handbook
andAnnual Notice to Mariners Number 6.
3 Consequent to the above, a risk does still exist withregard to
anchoring, fishing or any other form of submarineactivity close to
the seabed in the following declared MineDanger areas (MDA) or
Explosive danger areas:
ItalyMDA:Capo Colonne (14.69)
4 Explosives danger areas:Golfo di Sant Eufemia (11.10).Capo
Molini (13.9).Porto di Augusta (13.102).Capo dell Armi (14.7).Capo
Spartivento (14.10)Golfo di Taranto (14.102).Taranto (14.132).Torre
Chianca (14.187).Punta del Pizzo (14.187).
5 SiciliaExplosives danger areas:NE of Trapani (9.10).SSW of
Punta Bassana (9.10).WSW of Porto Empedocle (9.10).Capo Mongerbino
(10.17).Golfo di Castellammare (10.29).Capo Rama (10.29).Capo
dOrlando (10.106).
SpainExplosives danger area:Cabo Tioso (2.165)
Piracy, armed robbery and terrorism1.6
1 Since 1995, there have been seven reported incidents ofpiracy
or attempted armed robbery against ships in thewaters covered by
this volume. The mariner should be alertto the risk of such
activity, especially when in port.
After the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks in theUSA, there
is now a real international fear that terroristscould use a ship as
a weapon. Consequently, security needsto be a top priority for all
mariners.
TRAFFIC AND OPERATIONSTraffic1.7
1 Concentrations of shipping. Major routes through thearea
covered by this volume predominantly lead E-W fromthe Strait of
Gibraltar via the Strait of Sicily to the AdriaticSea, the Aegean
Sea, the E Mediterranean and the SuezCanal. Alternately, routes
lead NE-SW to the Balearic Sea,Gulf of Lions, Ligurian Sea and
Tyrrhenian Sea. Foradditional information see the Admiralty Ocean
Passagesfor the World.
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CHAPTER 1
3
2 Navigation routeing east bound:East bound. Vessels proceeding
E from the Strait ofGibraltar should pass about 10 miles N of Isla
deAlborn (2.149) and about 20 miles S of Cabo deGata (2.138).
Vessels bound along the Africancoast should pass the salient points
at a distancebetween 10 and 20 miles, thence passing throughthe
Canal de la Galite (7.9). Vessels should thenpass about 5 miles N
of Ras Ben Sekka (7.18),7 miles N of les Cani (7.32) in the TSS, 5
milesNNE of Cap Bon (7.32) in the TSS, and 5 milesNE of Isola di
Pantelleria (8.17) and Gawdex(Gozo) (8.59); thence as prudent
navigation allows.
3 North-east bound. Vessels bound for ports in the Npart of the
W Mediterranean Sea should keep atabout 20 miles from the coast of
Spain afterrounding Cabo de Gata (2.138) and take departurefor
their destinations when abreast Cabo de SanAntonio (2.258).
4 Palermo bound. Vessels bound for Palermo (10.51),take
departure from Cabo de Gata (2.138) andmake for the N side of
Sicilia, giving Keith Reef(8.11) a wide berth.
Navigation routeing west bound:5 From the E Mediterranean.
Vessels bound W for
the Strait of Gibraltar from the E part of theMediterranean Sea
should pass S of Sicilia. TheE-going current (1.132) may be avoided
bykeeping N of le de la Galite (7.9), thence makingdirect for Cabo
de Gata (2.138) and then followthe Spanish coast as closely as
navigation permits.
6 From Barcelona. Vessels make Cabo de San Antonio(2.258) direct
and, after rounding Cabo de Gata(2.138), follow the Spanish coast
as closely asnavigation permits.
7 From Italian ports. Vessels proceeding from Italianports make
the Spanish coast at Cabo de Palos(2.273), if passing N of Islas
Baleares, or at Cabode Gata if passing S of Islas Baleares.
8 Traffic separation schemes:IMO adopted TSS are established at
the followingfocal waterways:
Strait of Gibraltar 35563N 5450Wto35591N 5256W
Cabo de Gata TSS (2.75) 36362N 2069Wto36380N 2007W
les Cani TSS (7.26) 37317N 10076ECap Bon TSS (7.26) 37117N
11063E
Cabo de Palos (2.273) 37324N 0342Wto37350N 0309W
Cabo de la Nao (2.258) 38378N 0217Eto38427N 0259E
9 Algerian TSS. Traffic separation schemes establishedby the
Algerian Government are located at thefollowing focal
waterways:
Approaches to Skikda (6.257) 3705N 644E and3704N 703E
10 Spanish TSS. Traffic separation schemes establishedby the
Spanish Government are located at thefollowing focal waterways:
Approaches to Castellon (3.86) 3957N 005EApproaches to
Barcelona(3.210)
4120N 212E
11 Italian TSS. Traffic separation schemes establishedby the
Italian Government are located at thefollowing focal waterways:
Stretto di Messina TSS (12.13) 38140N 15366EApproaches to
Taranto TSS(14.136)
40240N 17100E
For additional information concerning Traffic separationschemes
see Annual Notice to Mariners Number 17.
12 Ferries. Numerous ferry routes criss-cross theMediterranean
between national mainlands and their variousoff-lying islands.
There are also regular ferry routesbetween N African ports and
European Mediterraneanports. Some of these routes will cross main
shipping routesand mariners are advised to keep a good lookout.
Aparticularly high density of ferry traffic exists in Stretto
diMessina (12.1).
13 High speed ferries operate in the area covered by thisvolume,
and mariners are advised to keep a good lookout.Some high speed
craft (HSC) may generate large waves,which can have a serious
impact on small craft and theirmoorings close inshore and on
shallow off-lying banks.Additional information on HSC is available
in AnnualNotice to Mariners Number 23.
14 Deep-draught vessels. Many deep-draught vesselsnavigate
through the area covered by this volume. They areslow to manoeuvre
and special rules pertain under theInternational Regulations for
Preventing Collisions at Sea.Mariners are advised to keep a good
lookout. Masters ofdeep-draught vessels must be aware of their
under-keelallowance at all times. Further information on
under-keelallowance is available in the Mariners Handbook and inthe
Annual Notice to Mariners Number 15.
15 Pleasure craft. Numerous pleasure craft navigatethrough the
area covered by this volume, especially duringthe summer months.
Particularly high numbers can beexpected in the vicinity of the
Spanish and Italianmainlands and offshore islands. Mariners are
advised tokeep a good lookout.
16 Ship movement reporting systems and requirements:TSS. See
above for locations of TSS and AdmiraltyList of Radio Signals
Volume 6(3) for reportingrequirements.
Vessels carrying Dangerous or Polluting Goods.See 1.26 and
Admiralty List of Radio SignalsVolume 6(3) for reporting
requirements.
17 Ports. For reporting requirements, see the Pilots andPort
information sections listed under theappropriate port name in
Admiralty List of RadioSignals Volume 6(3).
Fishing1.8
1 General remarks. Fishing is carried out throughout theyear
with seasonal concentrations in various localities.Much of the
fishing is conducted in coastal waters.
2 Fishing methods. The principal methods of sea fishingcovered
by this volume are: Trawling, pair-trawling,gill-netting,
long-lining, seabed otter trawling and potting.A general
description of the fishing methods common in
-
CHAPTER 1
4
European waters together with a description of
associatedequipment and type of vessel are given in the
MarinersHandbook.
3 Tunny fishing. During certain seasons of the year,fishing nets
of large size are moored off many of the coastscovered by this
volume, for the purpose of catching tunnyfish. These nets, which
sometimes extend up to 7 milesoffshore, should be avoided. The nets
can obviously bedamaged if vessels pass over them, however, the
nets areusually of such strength that, should the propeller
becomefouled, the vessel may be unable to navigate safely.
4 In most cases the nets are marked by buoys or boatscarrying
lights see below. The general areas where thesenets may be
encountered are detailed in the appropriatechapter and section of
this book.
In 1985 tunny fisheries in the Mediterranean began todecline and
many semi-permanent obstructions relating totunny nets were being
lifted.
5 Tunny nets and fishing technique. These nets, from 30to 40 m
in depth, are held in position by a special systemof mooring lines,
the upper part of the net being attachedby vertical lines, to a
hawser (sommo), which is secured byanchors at suitable intervals
and kept afloat by bundles ofcorks. Another hawser (piombo) is
attached at the lowerside of the net, and weighted by large pieces
of stone.These nets act as guides to direct the passage of the
fishwhich seldom attempt to pierce them.
6 The tunnery proper is divided into several chamberswhich are
closed or opened by raising or lowering netcoverings. Watchmen in
boats are constantly on the lookoutfor the fish, and by means of
the net coverings, the fish areallowed to pass through the various
chambers until theyreach the last (the chamber of death). This last
chamberwhich is made of close and heavy hemp netting, and with
abottom, is hauled over a pontoon, thus obliging the fish tocome to
the surface, where they are dispatched by gaffs,fastened to the
ends of short poles.
7 Tunny fishing season. The season varies somewhat indifferent
parts. Details are as follows:
Area Approximate datesS and E coasts of Spain,Islas Baleares,Off
the N coast of Morocco
1st February to30th September
Off the coast of Algeria 15th March to10th November
Off the coast of Tunisia the seasonvaries in different
locations
Commences:March to May.Ends:July to November
Off the coasts of Sicilia and Italy March to November
8 Tunny fishing areas. Tunny fishing usually takes placein
depths of 15 m to 40 m, and within 10 miles of thecoast. On dark
nights, small vessels may be encounteredfishing by the lights of
flares. These, owing to theundulating motion of the sea, may have
the appearance ofwhite flashing lights and must not be mistaken
fornavigational lights.
9 Spanish waters Marking of tunny nets. Each tunnynet is marked
by two boats or buoys; one about cablesto seaward of the net and
the other about cable toseaward of the outermost warp. These boats
or buoysshow:
10 By day: A white flag, with a black A in its centre.
At night: Two red lights, disposed vertically, on
thefirst-mentioned boat or buoy, and a red light abovea white on
the other.
11 New system. A new system of marking tunnyfisheries should
have by now (2005) beenimplemented. Fisheries should be marked
bylight-buoys (cardinal), with a nominal range of notless than 3
miles, at the outer points of the area.
12 Tunisian waters Marking of tunny nets. The cornersof the
areas containing tunny nets are marked by buoyssurmounted by two
balls, the upper one white and thelower one red.
13 These buoys are moored on the alignment of wooden oriron
beacons erected on the coast and surmounted by twoballs similarly
mounted.
The outermost part of the net is marked by a float witha mast 5
m in height, on which the following signals areshown:
14 By day: A white ball above a red ball.By night: A white light
above a red light.
Maltese waters Marking of tunny nets. The seawardextremities of
the nets are marked as follows:
By day: A small conical buoy surmounted by a staffand ball.
15 By night: A boat exhibiting two white fixed lightsdisposed
vertically.
Italian waters Marking of tunny nets. Tunny netsare marked
exclusively by IALA special marks.
Marks and lights are established on boats or floats at theouter
central part of the net. Extensive tunny nets mayhave two marks,
one at each corner, on the seaward end ofthe nets.
16 Drift net fishing for swordfish. Drift net fishing
forswordfish may be encountered off the coasts of some ofthe
countries covered by this volume, particularly off Italy.Several
parts of the Italian coastline, specifically within3 miles of Capo
dell Armi (14.10) and Capo Spartiventolighthouse (14.9) have
prohibitions against such driftnetting. Additionally, it is
prohibited in the approaches andvicinity of some Italian ports.
17 Night fishing with gill nets. Night fishing takes place
inItalian waters (13.3), during the summer months, in thearea
between Promontorio di Taormina (13.12) and CapoMurro di Porco
(13.104) and up to 30 miles from the coast.Fishing is carried out
by staked nets, marked on the surfaceby a long line of white
lights. Mariners should keep alookout for small craft which are
difficult to see against thebackground of lighted nets.
18 Trawling in Italian waters from sailing or poweredvessels is
prohibited within 3 miles of the coast unless thedepth of water is
over 50 m.
Drag-net fishing. On the approach of another vessel,Spanish
vessels engaged in drag-net fishing, exhibit atorch-light or flare
on the side on which the net is, inaddition to the lights
prescribed by the InternationalRegulations for Preventing
Collisions at Sea.
19 Pair trawling. When trawlers are working in pairs andit is
desired to warn an approaching vessel not to passbetween them, a
flare will be exhibited on the same side asthat on which is the
trawl, in addition to the lightsprescribed by the International
Regulations for PreventingCollisions at Sea.
20 Marine farms may be encountered off the coasts ofsome of the
countries covered by this volume. Marinefarms usually consist of
moored or fixed structures andshould be given a wide berth. Some of
the farms arecharted, however, some of these positions are only
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CHAPTER 1
5
approximate, and mariners are cautioned that additionalfarms may
be established without notice. The farms aregenerally marked by
buoys and beacons, which may beunlit.
21 Shellfish beds are encountered in shallow water off thecoasts
of some of the countries covered by this volume.There are notable
shellfish beds (14.139) at Taranto.Underwater and surface
obstructions exist in these areas.
Marine, Integral and underwater Reserves1.9
1 Marine and Integral Reserves are established invarious
locations within the limits of this book. In generalthe following
prohibitions are likely to apply:
Navigation, approaching, and stopping by all craft,unless
authorised for scientific study;
Anchoring within an Integral Reserve.2 The removal of, or damage
to, geological or mineral
formations;Underwater swimming, either with or without