Cepis e competence survey malta country report-final

CEPIS Survey of Professional e-Competence in Europe Page 1 of 53

CEPIS Survey of Professional e-Competence in Europe

Malta Report


Contents:

1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 3

2 Methodology and Survey Approach ............................................................... 4

2.1 Personal Information .................................................................................. 4 2.2 Competence Questionnaire ....................................................................... 4 2.3 Criteria for Inclusion ................................................................................... 5 2.4 Personal Results ........................................................................................ 6

3 Respondent Demographics ............................................................................ 7

3.1 Respondents by Country............................................................................ 7 3.2 Respondents by Age .................................................................................. 8 3.3 Respondents by Gender ............................................................................ 8 3.4 Respondents by Education Level ............................................................... 9 3.5 Respondents by Educational Field ........................................................... 10 3.6 Respondents by Industry Sector .............................................................. 10 3.7 Respondents by Enterprise Size .............................................................. 11 3.8 Respondents by Professional Status ....................................................... 12 3.9 Respondents by ICT Profile (based on declared profile) .......................... 12

4 Proximity Profiles and Skills Evaluation ...................................................... 14

4.1 Respondents by Proximity Profile ............................................................ 14 4.2 Comparison between Professional Profile and Proximity Profile .............. 15 4.3 Analysis of Skills Diffusion ....................................................................... 17

5 Analysis.......................................................................................................... 18

5.1 IT Manager .............................................................................................. 18 5.2 IT Quality Manager & Auditor ................................................................... 19 5.3 IT Systems Analyst .................................................................................. 20 5.4 Software Developer ................................................................................. 21 5.5 Integration & Testing Engineer ................................................................. 21 5.6 Service Support Manager ........................................................................ 22 5.7 IT Trainer ................................................................................................. 23

6 Conclusions ................................................................................................... 25

7 Annex ............................................................................................................. 28

7.1 Description of Additional Segmentation .................................................... 28 7.2 ICT Competence – Knowledge Index ....................................................... 30 7.3 Proximity Profiles – Details ...................................................................... 33 7.4 Profile Segmentation ................................................................................ 48


1 Introduction

The following report outlines the results from Malta of a recent pan-European survey to identify the digital competencies held by European ICT professionals. The survey offered a unique opportunity to explore the status of professional e-competence in Europe through an online tool that provided the individual respondents with a snapshot of their competences against an agreed European framework (the European e-Competence Framework). The benefits for the individuals who participated in this survey included the ability to compare their competences against required competences for typical ICT job profiles throughout Europe, to help identify individual strengths and weaknesses, and to assist in identifying training and professional development opportunities. In addition, the survey results provide an insight into the status of national level professional competences in various countries in Europe. The ability to determine what competencies are underdeveloped in a country can assist in developing focused training to further educate the workforce. The ability to compare and contrast different countries’ results also provides a useful competence benchmarking tool for each individual country.

The research was conducted via a web questionnaire based on the European e-Competence Framework (e-CF), developed by the CEN (European Committee for Standardization) Workshop on ICT Skills and supported by the European Commission. This framework identifies 36 ICT competences all of which are used in this tool. The survey expert team, based on CEPIS experiences in defining IT competences and jobs, identified 18 typical professional profiles and an expanded set of skills to describe such profiles. The increased set of 44 skills, includes all 36 competences from the e-CF, five of which have been further split into a few sub-cases in order to allow a more precise description of different technical contents. Section 7.1 describes the additional e-CF segmentation in detail. The work of the survey has been carried out by the Council of European Professional Informatics Societies (CEPIS) in association with the Computer Society of Malta (CSM), who led the research in Malta. Since the sample of respondents to the survey may not be thoroughly representative of the overall situation in each country, this country report has been assessed and validated by national experts from Malta before publication. Any contributions from national experts about the survey results from Malta have been included in this report. Key points stemming from the survey data gathered by CSM include:

The respondents show an average age clearly lower than their colleagues in the rest of Europe; they are the second youngest among surveyed countries.

In general, the majority of the respondents work in medium-large organisations.

Maltese IT professionals responding to the questionnaire in general show a level of education in line with the European average; but with regard to 4th

http://www.ecompetences.eu/

http://www.ecompetences.eu/


level education (Masters or PhDs) Malta scores the lowest rate among surveyed countries. In any case, regarding the scope of education, respondents from Malta are the most IT-focused.

The Knowledge Indexes of Maltese respondents are generally slightly lower than their colleagues in Europe.

2 Methodology and Survey Approach

The research has been conducted across 28 countries in Europe and across greater Europe using a web-based survey tool. The European survey results have been compiled by respondents coming from these 28 countries. Sixteen of the countries had a total number of responses higher than 30 and of this 10 had more than 50 respondents and at least one cluster of a minimum of 10 respondents with the same calculated profile; which is the minimum amount required to create some elements of an individual country report. Malta had 184 respondfnts to the survey, which resulted in seven IT profiles having more than 10 respondents. It is important to note that the results presented in this report represent only the respondents who participated in the survey. It is not a general statistical reference for the country. The survey was completed by individual respondents who consider themselves to be IT practitioners and was divided into three sections. The survey was based on the enhanced e-CF segmentation, which is described in section 7.1. The three sections are described below.

2.1 Personal Information

Each respondent enters personal information including education background, employment status, organisation size, industry and selecting the IT profile which matches their current role. The respondent chooses from the following common IT roles:

IT Manager IT Project Manager

Database Manager

IT Quality Manager

IT System Analyst

Network Manager

IT Client Manager

Software Developer

IT Administrator

IT Sales and Marketing Consultant

Integration and Testing Engineer

IT Systems Engineer

IT Applications Consultant IT Systems Architect

Service Support Manager

Business Analyst

IT Security Manager

IT Trainer

2.2 Competence Questionnaire

In the next phase the respondent completes the competence questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of 44 competences. For each competence the respondent


selects their competence level choosing from “None”, “Basic”, “Intermediate” and “Advanced” options. Additional information is also available for each competence to assist the respondent in choosing an appropriate level:

2.3 Criteria for Inclusion

Although 28 countries participated in this study, it was necessary to decide upon the baseline criteria to ensure that the volume and the quality of responses were suitable for country level analysis. The following criteria were adopted: 1. A competence profile per country is analysed when there are 10 or more valid

questionnaires completed. 2. A country profile would be generated if there are more than 50 valid

questionnaires completed and at least one competence profile with 10 or more valid cases.

On completion of this round of the survey, the following countries met these criteria:

Belgium Finland Latvia Romania Bosnia-Herzegovina Ireland Malta Spain Italy* Norway*

*Italy and Norway participated in the survey, but data from these countries was collected using a separate tool which was already in use locally. The function of the tools were exactly the same, but some differences exist in terms of demographic data collected and – especially – in terms of granularity of competences described in the questionnaire. The Italian-Norwegian tool used a self-assessment against 156 categories instead of 44 e-CF based competences. The research team carried out a separate analysis task to map the Italian and Norwegian results back to the results gained from the e-CF based survey. In order to convert the data collected through the Italian-Norwegian tool for use for this survey, the following steps were taken:

1) cross reference between slightly different ways of collecting personal information in the preliminary pages of the questionnaire;


2) cross reference between profiles – 13 profiles map 1 to 1, the remaining 5 survey profiles were expressed as a linear combination of two different profiles;

3) expert check on the compatibility of metrics used in both tools; each profile is described through an array of weighting factors that indicate the relevance of each competence to the single profile, but the consistency between the different descriptions was deemed very good;

4) identification of an optimized and controlled algorithm that minimizes the maximum distance between calculated proximity scores in both questionnaires1.

2.4 Personal Results

On completion of the survey, the respondent is presented with their personal results. The personal result is displayed on a graphical “radar” split into segments (one for each competence) as illustrated in the image to the right. The profile that is closest to the competences chosen by the respondent (their “proximity profile”) is shown along with a proximity index “88.56%” in this case. Below the “radar” is a list of the competences that the individual should look to improve, and competences which are held at levels over and above what is required for the profile. The respondent can also review their proximity to the other profiles and export any of the reports in PDF format to review.

1 The algorithm is based on the simplex method for discrete linear optimization, constrained to

4 integer numbers. This scientific part of the work was carried out through a project associated with a university exam of “Optimization” at the SUPSI (Scuola universitaria professionale della Svizzera Italiana, www.supsi.ch); further details available in a dedicated document edited by Giovanni Franza to be published in “biblioteca AICA” (online library service for members of AICA, www.aicanet.it).

http://www.supsi.ch/


3 Respondent Demographics

The following section provides an overview of the demographic of the respondents from Malta. Again we underline that those results are based on the following conditions:

The survey sample was dependent on the available contact database used to promote the survey in each country; there may be some variance between the membership of this contact database and the full population of ICT professionals in the country

the sample composition reflects the participation of Computer Society of Malta members

The two criteria above also apply to the samples of all other countries who took part in the survey. Therefore the comparisons between the Maltese results and the European average should be considered as very important but also as a preliminary indication which may require more extensive validation.

3.1 Respondents by Country

The CEPIS Survey of Professional e-Competence in Europe was conducted from September 2010 until March 2011 across 28 countries in Europe and beyond. Overall 1918 IT Practitioners participated in the survey. The percentage of participants by country is represented in the graphic below.

15%

13%

10%

10%

10%

9%

5%

5%

5%

3%

15%

Italy

Finland

Ireland

Belgium

Malta

Spain

Norway

Latvia

Bosnia-Herz.

Romania

Other

Total: 1918

Figure 1 – Respondents by Country Malta had the fifth highest participation in this survey, which allows for a greater deal of analysis of the Maltese results.


3.2 Respondents by Age

The Malta respondents to the survey represented various age groups as highlighted in the figure below2. The average age of respondents in Malta is 35.3 years (the second youngest in Europe) and about six years lower than the European average which is 41 years of age. The percentage of Maltese respondents in the “under 30” segment is twice the European average, and for one technical profile (Integration & Testing Engineer) the percentage of people in this segment exceeds 50%. Again, also in the 31-40 years old segment Malta shows a higher percentage than the European average. Three out of four respondents in Malta are under 40. Even for the usually “older” IT profiles (IT Manager & IT Quality Manager & Auditor) the proportion of respondents under 40 is 60% or more.

4.9%

16.8%

34.3%

30.1%

18.8%

33.2%

19.6%

42.4%

< 30 yr 31 .. 40 yr 41 .. 50 yr > 50 yr

Malta

Europe

Figure 2 – Respondents by Age

The percentage of respondents from 41 to 50 years old is clearly lower than the European average, and the segment “over 50” is very low compared to the European average; indeed the proportion of Maltese respondents in the “over 50” segment are about 5% of respondents, while the European average is 19%. Maltese respondents in this group are focused on three profiles: IT Manager, Service Support Manager and IT Trainer.

3.3 Respondents by Gender

The gender results show a percentage of female IT professionals in Malta in line with the European average.

2 Note: as “<24 yr” and “>60 yr” classes count for a low % of total assessments (about 3% each), they have been

grouped into the adjacent class, as a result only four age classes are shown: “<30 yr”, “31-40 yr”, “41-40 yr”, “>50 yr”


84%

84%

16%

16%

Malta

Europe

Female

Male

Figure 3 – Respondents by Gender

Only in two profiles does the rate of female IT professionals in Malta show a remarkable gap with European colleagues, in both cases Maltese rates are 10% lower than the European average: IT Quality Manager & Auditor (20% versus 30%) and Systems Analyst (5% versus 15%).

3.4 Respondents by Education Level

The respondents were asked to select the highest education level they had achieved. A large majority (74%) of the respondents from Malta have achieved at least a degree level qualification, quite similar to the European rate of 79%. But survey results also show a remarkable gap with regard to 4th level education. In terms of Masters and Doctorate level, there is clearly a lack of investment in 4th level education: in Malta only 26% of respondents have either a Masters or a PhD qualification, the lowest rate across Europe (51%).

24.5%

1.6%2.8%

17.9%

28.2%

45.4%

5.7%4.9%

48.4%

20.7%

None of the

above

Secondary

School

Diploma

University

Bachelors

Degree

University

Masters

Degree

Doctorate

(Phd.)

Malta

Europe

Figure 4 – Respondents by Education Level

In Malta there are two IT profiles for which the level of education is significantly higher than the overall Maltese average: IT Manager (92% graduated) and IT Quality Manager & Auditor (90%). In particular IT Manager shows 67% of 4th level qualifications which is significantly higher than the Maltese average but slightly lower than the European average for this profile (71%).


3.5 Respondents by Educational Field

The broad spread of educational backgrounds of the IT practitioners points to the fact that the IT profession is both attractive and accessible to graduates from different faculties. The ever present demand for IT practitioners have lead to IT roles being filled through the hiring and retraining of workers from non-informatics backgrounds. But in Malta we can see that only 26% of respondents come from an educational background where IT was a side subject or not significant in their studies. This result is 11% lower than the European figures and suggests that there may be fewer difficulties for Maltese companies to source candidates with IT qualifications for their advertised roles. The e-Skills Foresights- eSkills In Europe report (CEPIS, 2007) suggested that “…the ICT industry could be facing shortages of up to 70,000 IT practitioners per year in Europe, as supply falls short of demand”. It is clear that the IT industry still does not only rely on IT practitioners from IT educational backgrounds to meet their needs.

17%

25%

9%

12%63%

74%Malta

Europe

Main focusSide subjectNot significant

Figure 5 – Respondents by Educational Field

Only one of the Maltese profiles does not show the predominance of IT-focused education: Maltese IT Managers come from a non IT-focused education at a rate of 50% whilst their European colleagues are at a rate of 52%. Even with profiles such as IT Trainer, which across Europe have an IT-focused education in 57% of cases, in Malta the rate is 75% of respondents.

3.6 Respondents by Industry Sector

Malta has a lower number of respondents coming from the IT demand side compared to the European average, with 36% of respondents in Malta focused on IT demand side activities compared to 51% across Europe. In particular, Maltese data show that there is only one profile focused mainly on the IT demand side and two profiles without a clear focus on either demand or supply:

Service Support Managers show 60% coming from the demand side of the IT industry, while at European level the percentage is 54%, a small difference.


64%

49%

36%

51%

Malta

Europe

IT demand side

IT supply side

y

IT Trainers have a 50/50 division coming from the IT supply and IT demand side, in line with the European average of 49/51.

Integration & Testing Engineers show an IT demand and IT supply division of 48/52, which is in contrast to the European divide of 57/43 which shows a clearer orientation towards the demand side of the IT industry.

3.7 Respondents by Enterprise Size

The distribution of Maltese respondents by enterprise size is quite different from the European one. Maltese distribution seems more centred on medium sized enterprises: 80% of 184 Maltese respondents work in organisations ranging from 51 through to 1000 employees, while the corresponding European percentage is 43%.

35.4%

9.9%11.2% 11.9%

22.2%20.8%

33.9%

7.7%

44.8%

2.2%

1 - 10 11 - 50 51 - 250 251 - 1000 1000+

Malta

Europe

Figure 7 – Respondents by Enterprise Size

The same distribution can be found for each of the analysed IT profiles: a strong concentration of respondents in organisations with 51-1000 employees, with a percentage of 66% in IT Manager and IT Systems Analyst to 93% in Software Developer. There is a slight shift towards larger organisations (1000+ employees) for IT Managers (25%) and IT Quality Managers & Auditors (20%) whereas the domestic average for Malta is 10%. Low percentage results were recorded for micro organisations (1-10 employees). Within this size category the only respondents were found to be Software Developers, at a rate of 7% of the total respondents, equal to the European rate for this profile working in micro organisations.

Figure 6 - Respondents by Industry Sector


3.8 Respondents by Professional Status

Almost all Maltese respondents hold full time positions3 (97%), which is 10% higher than the European average (87%). There are no notable differences among the analysed IT profiles, which show rates for this position ranging from a maximum of 100%, for IT Quality Manager & Auditor, Integration & Testing Engineer and IT Trainer to a minimum of 92% for IT Manager and Service Support Manager.

3.6%

97.3%

0.5%2.2%9.0%

87.4%

Full time employee Part time employee /

Self-employed

Student /

Unemployed /

Retired

Malta

Europe

Figure 8 – Respondents by Professional Status

3.9 Respondents by ICT Profile (based on declared profile)

The figure below shows the distribution of the IT profiles chosen by the respondents during the survey registration (before starting the assessment). This subjective point of view is based on their gained experience and the actual work role they are doing. It differs from the “Proximity Profile” as outlined in paragraph 4.1. Almost all of the 18 IT profiles from which the respondents were asked to choose their role (during the registration phase) had some level of response. Only three of the Maltese self-declared profiles had a notable difference with the respondent rate of their European colleagues; the IT Manager profile was chosen by 15.2% of the Maltese respondents, while across Europe the rate of this choice was 23.6%; the Software Developer profile was chosen by 32.1% of the Maltese respondents, while across Europe the rate of this choice was 12.9%; the third clear difference resulted for the IT Trainer responses: none of the Maltese respondents said he/she had this role, while across Europe the percentage for this role is 5.4%

3 Note: as “Full time employee” choice counts more than 85% of total assessments, the other items were grouped as

follow: “Part time employee / Self-employed” and “Student / Unemployed / Retired”


15.2%

2.7%

1.1%

1.1%

6.0%

8.7%

14.7%

4.3%

32.1%

0.5%

3.8%

1.6%

1.1%

0.0%

1.6%

3.3%

2.2%

0.0%

23.6%

2.8%

1.6%

2.1%

5.4%

5.7%

12.9%

3.6%

12.9%

1.2%

4.8%

2.6%

1.4%

2.0%

5.3%

4.2%

2.7%

5.4%

IT Manager P01

IT Quality Manager & Auditor P02

IT Client Manager P03

IT Sales & Mktg Consultant P04

IT Applications Consultant P05

Business Analyst P06

IT Project Manager P07

IT Systems Analyst P08

Software Developer P09

Integr. & Testing Engineer P10

IT Systems Architect P11

IT Security Manager P12

Database Administrator P13

Network Manager P14

IT Administrator P15

IT Systems Engineer P16

Service Support Manager P17

IT Trainer P18

Malta

Europe

Figure 9 – Respondents by ICT Profile


4 Proximity Profiles and Skills Evaluation

Each respondent evaluates their own competence against the 44 competences provided, using the following scale: None: none or almost no knowledge on the topic, confused ideas Basic: knowledge of major concepts, but not exhaustive Medium: knowledge of concepts and applicative capability, some direct experiences High: in-depth and thorough knowledge of concepts and applicative capability with comprehensive experience in complex context A Knowledge Index (KI) has been computed for each competence, using a scale of 0 to 3: KI = ( # of answers “none” * 0 + # of answers “basic” * 1 + # of answers “medium” * 2 + # of answers “high” * 3) / (# of answers) The proximity profile for each respondent is the profile that best fits with the competences that he/she has declared. The proximity is represented as a percentage.

4.1 Respondents by Proximity Profile

Based on the outcome of the calculated proximity profiles we can see a picture of IT profiles emerge from the competences declared by the Maltese respondents.

Malta Europe

12 154

10 80

5 51

5 52

5 41

0 45

9 153

19 127

27 231

23 126

8 85

4 60

5 68

3 64

5 165

3 96

25 163

16 157

# of respondents

6.5%

5.4%

2.7%

2.7%

2.7%

0.0%

4.9%

10.3%

14.7%

12.5%

4.3%

2.2%

2.7%

1.6%

2.7%

1.6%

13.6%

8.7%

IT Manager P01













Network Manager P14




IT Trainer P18

Figure 10 – Respondents by Proximity Profile

A high rate of Maltese respondents has competences for the roles of Software Developer, Service Support Manager, Integration & Testing Engineer and Systems


Analyst. The Software Developer profile shows the second highest rate (14.7%) in Europe (the European average is 12.0%). The same for the Integration & Testing Engineer: second highest rate (12.5%) in Europe (about twice the European average that is about 6.6%). Even for the Service Support Manager role, Malta scores a good performance, the highest rate in Europe (13.6% versus the European average 8.5%). The same for the Systems Analyst: second highest rate (10.3%) in Europe (European average is 6.6%). Very low, compared to the European average of 8.4%, is the IT Administrator percentage (2.7%).

4.2 Comparison between Professional Profile and Proximity Profile

The analysis of the original profile selection made by the IT practitioners and the proximity profile i.e. the profile that best fits with the competences that he/she has declared shows a large variance for many of the profiles. As we can see from Figure 11, the profile IT Manager is a declared profile for 15% of the respondents in Malta, but an analysis of their competence leads to only 7% of these practitioners having the necessary competence for that particular role. This trend is replicated across Europe where 24% of European respondents declared they were IT Managers, but only 8% of those practitioners had the required competences for that role. In Malta, this issue is also notable with Software Developer. This is a declared profile for 32% of the Maltese respondents, but only 15% of them have the necessary competence for that role. But this trend cannot be found at European level, as seen in Figure 12, where the gap, even if present, cannot be considered as very significant. Again, for the IT Project Manager profile, the results for Malta show that 15% declared the profile, but only 5% were seen to have the competences associated with it after their survey evaluation. This trend, even if with a smaller gap, is also visible considering all the European countries, suggesting possible competence gaps for IT professionals in this profile (see figure 13).

Figure 11 – IT Manager: declared and calculated profile

Figure 13 - IT Project Manager: declared and calculated profile

Figure 12 – IT Applications Consultant: declared and calculated profile

32%

13%

15%

12%

Malta

Europe

Declared profile

Calculated profileSoftware Developer P09

15%

13%

5%

8%

Malta

Europe

Declared profile

Calculated profileIT Project Manager P07

15%

24%

7%

8%

Malta

Europe

Declared profile

Calculated profileIT Manager P01


0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

IT Manager P01













Network Manager P14




IT Trainer P18

Declared profile

Calculated profileMalta

Figure 14 – Comparison between chosen (declared) professional profile and proximity

profile (calculated)

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

IT Manager P01













Network Manager P14




IT Trainer P18

Declared profile

Calculated profileEurope

Figure 15 – Europe – Comparison between chosen (declared) professional profile and

proximity profile (calculated)

In general, the difference between the declared and the calculated professional profile highlights the importance of the level of competence granularity to build up each profile. Work experience after formal education contributes in a substantial way


to competence enrichment; often not related to the official role inside the organisation. This is the reason why in general the perceived declared profiles highly differ from the calculated profile based specifically on competence level: only 19% of declared profiles by Maltese respondents in this European survey match with the calculated profile (21% is the European average).

For the reasons outlined above, we will only use the calculated profiles data for the analysis.

4.3 Analysis of Skills Diffusion

Figure 16 below provides a comparison for Malta and Europe of the ICT competence Knowledge Index for the five competence areas: Plan, Build, Run, Enable, and Manage.

1.61

1.81

1.73

1.19

1.32

1.66

1.67

1.68

1.38

1.51

Plan (A)

Build (B)

Run (C)

Enable (D)

Manage (E)

MaltaEurope

Figure 16 – Knowledge Index by competence areas

In Malta it appears that the Knowledge Index is slightly lower than the equivalent for Europe. The full value of each Knowledge Index is 3.0. In particular it appears that there are some serious weaknesses in Enable and Manage areas, while strong areas are the Build area (the best KI in Europe) and the Run area. The IT profile that has the most relevant Knowledge Index is the IT Systems Analyst with 1.93 KI in Plan Area, 2.28 KI in Build Area, 2.07 KI in Run Area, 1.53 KI in Enable Area, 1.56 in Manage Area. A deeper analysis of the Knowledge Indexes of each competence area is fundamental in order to design detailed training paths to cover the competence gaps for each proximity profile of each respondent.


5 Analysis

The 184 generated proximity profiles referred to 18 IT professional profiles (Figure 10). The eligibility criteria for the analysis of these profiles are as follows:

10 or more cases per country for each profile;

A proximity profile score higher than 40%. Following this criteria the following seven profiles for Malta were analysed:

1. IT Manager 2. IT Quality Manager & Auditor 3. IT Systems Analyst 4. Software Developer 5. Integration & Testing Engineer 6. Service Support Manager 7. IT Trainer

In this chapter a deeper analysis of the data for each of these seven profiles is presented.

5.1 IT Manager

The following analysis is related to the content of section 7.3.1. In general 92% of Maltese IT Managers have attained a university degree or higher, which is in line with 93% of IT Managers in Europe. However, 67% of Maltese IT Managers have attained a 4th level qualification (Masters or PhD), which is slightly lower than the European education level average of 71%. The proportion (50%) of Maltese IT Managers, who have come from an educational background where IT was the main focus, is similar to the European average of 48%, but clearly lower than the Maltese general rate of 74%. The Maltese IT Manager is 38.4 years old, the youngest compared to their European colleagues, where the average age is 46.7 years old. Quite a small number of the IT Managers who responded were female (17%), which is close to the 19% female proportion of European IT Managers, and almost the 16%

female proportion of all Maltese respondents.

2.09

1.02

0.93

1.69

2.01

1.96

1.01

1.10

1.70

1.98

Plan (A)

Build (B)

Run (C)

Enable (D)

Manage (E)

MaltaEurope

IT Manager

Figure 17 - IT Manager


Maltese IT Managers are mainly drawn from the IT supply side (75%), higher when compared to 50% for the IT supply side across Europe and to 36% as the national rate. A very low number of Maltese IT Managers work in micro and small organisations (8%), a low rate compared to European colleagues (20%), but similar to all respondents from Malta (10%). Maltese IT Managers show a Knowledge Index slightly lower than the European average for the profile in the Run area (0.93 versus 1.10). They show a better KI in Plan area (2.09 versus 1.96). In the remaining areas the KI is very similar (Build: 1.02 versus 1.01; Enable: 1.69 versus 1.70; Manage: 2.01 versus 1.98).

5.2 IT Quality Manager & Auditor

The following analysis is related to the content of section 7.3.2.

90% of Maltese IT Quality Managers & Auditors have attained a university degree or higher, slightly higher than the 84% of IT Quality Managers & Auditors in Europe. However, only 30% of Maltese IT Quality Managers & Auditors have attained a 4th level qualification (Masters or PhD), which is remarkably lower than the European education level average of 54%. In Malta a large proportion of IT Quality Managers & Auditors (70%) come from an IT education background, higher than the 59% of all European respondents, but close to the overall Maltese rate (74%). In Malta the average age of IT Quality Managers & Auditors is 37 years, the lowest among their European colleagues, who are on average 43.1 years old. Maltese IT Quality Managers & Auditors were drawn from the IT supply side (60%), a rate slightly higher than the 50% rate for the IT supply side across Europe. The majority of Maltese IT Quality Managers & Auditors work in medium organisations (51-250 employees) (60%) or large (>250 employees) (30%): this is only slightly different from their European colleagues (25%+56%) and the national rate (45%+45%). A limited number of the IT Quality Managers & Auditors who responded were female (20%), which is greater than the 16% female proportion for all Maltese respondents but clearly smaller than the 30% of female IT Quality Managers & Auditors across Europe. However we have to consider that

1.73

1.40

1.66

1.76

2.01

1.64

1.46

1.57

1.60

1.98

Plan (A)

Build (B)

Run (C)

Enable (D)

Manage (E)

MaltaEurope

IT Quality Manager & Auditor

Figure 18 - IT Quality Manager & Auditor


the source of these figures is a small sample: 10 cases. Maltese IT Quality Managers & Auditors show generally a higher Knowledge Index than the European average for the profile in four out of five areas: 1.73 Plan area versus 1.64, 1.40 Build area versus 1.46, 1.66 Run area versus 1.57, 1.76 Enable area versus 1.60 and 2.01 Manage area versus 1.98.

5.3 IT Systems Analyst

The following analysis is related to the content of section 7.3.3. 63% of Maltese IT Systems Analysts have attained a university degree or higher, which is slightly lower than the 80% of IT Systems Analysts in Europe. Moreover, only 21% of Maltese IT Systems Analysts have attained a 4th level qualification (Masters or PhD), which is lower than the European average of 56%. In Malta 84% of IT Systems Analysts come from an education background where IT is the main focus, higher than the 74% of all Maltese respondents, and higher than the 73% of European IT Systems Analysts. Maltese IT Systems Analysts are 35.9 years old, about six years younger than their European colleagues, who are 41.7 years old. A large proportion of the IT Systems Analysts who responded are male (95%), which is greater than the 84% male proportion for all Maltese respondents and also greater than the 85% European average. Maltese IT Systems Analysts are drawn mainly from the IT supply side (68%), a clear contrast to 56% for the IT supply side across Europe. Maltese IT Systems Analysts show Knowledge Indexes clearly higher than the European average for the profile in all five areas (1.93 Plan area versus 1.85, 2.28 Build area versus 2.08, 2.07 Run area versus 1.73, 1.53 Enable area versus 1.34 and 1.56 Manage area versus 1.42).

1.93

2.28

2.07

1.53

1.56

1.85

2.08

1.73

1.34

1.42

Plan (A)

Build (B)

Run (C)

Enable (D)

Manage (E)

MaltaEurope

IT Systems Analyst

Figure 19 - IT Systems Analyst


5.4 Software Developer

The following analysis is related to the content of section 7.3.4. 70% of Maltese Software Developers have attained a university degree or higher, which is lower than the 78% of Software Developers in Europe. Moreover, 26% of Maltese Software Developers have attained a 4th level qualification (Masters or PhD), which is clearly lower than the European average of 49%. In Malta 89% of IT Software Developers come from an IT education background, a rate higher than the national (74%) and European average (68%). Maltese Software Developers are 34.1 years old, younger than their European colleagues, who are 39.2 years of age on average. Maltese Software Developers are mainly drawn from the IT supply side (89%), which is higher than the 60% for IT demand side across Europe. The distribution by enterprise size reflects the domestic rate: a small proportion in micro enterprises (7%, equal to European proportion) and the remaining 93% in organisations with 51-1000 employees, (the European proportion is 46%). A large proportion of the Software Developers who responded were male (81%), which is a little bit lower than the 84% male proportion for both Maltese and European respondents. Maltese IT Software Developers show a higher Knowledge Index than the European average for the profile in three of the five areas: Plan (1.51 versus 1.44), Build (2.08 versus 1.93), Run (1.75 versus 1.69), while the score for Enable and Manage areas is lower (Enable: 0.87 versus 1.08; Manage: 1.05 versus 1.15).

5.5 Integration & Testing Engineer

The following analysis is related to the content of section 7.3.5. 65% of Maltese Integration & Testing Engineers have attained a university degree or higher, a lower rate than the 80% of Integration & Testing Engineers in Europe. Moreover, only 9% of Maltese Integration & Testing Engineers have attained a 4th level qualification (Masters or PhD), which is remarkably lower than the European

1.51

2.08

1.75

0.87

1.05

1.44

1.93

1.69

1.08

1.15

Plan (A)

Build (B)

Run (C)

Enable (D)

Manage (E)

MaltaEurope

Software Developer

Figure 20 - Software Developer


average of 41%. In Malta 78% of Integration & Testing Engineers come from an IT education background, a slightly lower rate than the 74% of all Maltese respondents, but in line with 77% of their European colleagues. Maltese Integration & Testing Engineers are 31.4 years old, seven years younger than the European average, and the youngest among their European colleagues, who are 38.2 years old on average. The largest proportion of the Integration & Testing Engineers who responded were male (83%), which is in line with the 84% male proportion for all Maltese respondents and with the 80% rate across Europe. Maltese Integration & Testing Engineers are drawn from the IT supply side (52%), higher compared to the 43% for the IT supply side across Europe. The distribution by enterprise size is quite different from the European distribution, but reflects the national rate: a small proportion

in small enterprises (13%, while European figures are 9% in micro and 14% in small enterprises); the large majority, 82%, in organisations with 51-1000 employees (the corresponding European amount is 47%); and the remaining 4% in organisations with 1000 or more employees (the European rate is 30%).

Maltese Integration & Testing Engineers show a higher Knowledge Index than the European average for the profile in two out of five areas: Build 2.45 versus 2.25; Run 1.80 versus 1.69. For the remaining three areas the Maltese KI is clearly lower: Plan 1.09 versus 1.31; Enable 0.72 versus 0.95; Manage 0.57 versus 0.98.

5.6 Service Support Manager

The following analysis is related to the content of section 7.3.6. 76% of Maltese Service Support Managers have attained a university degree or higher, not too different from the 81% of Service Support Managers across Europe. However only 20% of Maltese Service Support Managers have attained a 4th level qualification (Masters or PhD), which is significantly lower than the European average of 41%. In Malta 64% of Service Support Managers come from an IT education background, in line with 60% of their European colleagues, but lower than 74% of all Maltese respondents.

1.09

2.45

1.80

0.72

0.57

1.31

2.25

1.69

0.95

0.98

Plan (A)

Build (B)

Run (C)

Enable (D)

Manage (E)

MaltaEurope

Integration & Testing Engineer

Figure 21 - Integration and Testing Engineer


Maltese Service Support Managers are 37.4 years old, three years younger than their European colleagues, who are 40.3 years old on average. A large number of the Service Support Managers who responded were male (84%), an equal rate is shown from across all Maltese respondents, while the European average for this profile is 83%. Maltese Service Support Managers are drawn mainly from the IT demand side (60%) compared to 54% for the IT demand side across Europe. The distribution by enterprise size is quite different from the European distribution, but reflects the domestic one: none in micro & small enterprises (14% is the European proportion); the large majority, 92%, in organisations with 51-1000 employees (the corresponding European amount is 49%); and the remaining 8% in organisations with 1000 or more employees (European rate is 37%).

1.61

1.64

1.96

1.09

1.28

1.45

1.47

1.91

1.13

1.27

Plan (A)

Build (B)

Run (C)

Enable (D)

Manage (E)

MaltaEurope


Figure 22 - Service Support Manager

Maltese Service Support Managers show a higher Knowledge Index than the European average for the profile in four out of five areas (1.61 Plan area versus 1.45, 1.64 Build area versus 1.47, 1.96 Run area versus 1.91, 1.09 Enable area versus 1.13 and 1.28 Manage area versus 1.27).

5.7 IT Trainer

The following analysis is related to the content of section 7.3.7. 88% of Maltese IT Trainers have attained a university degree or higher, which is similar to the 85% of IT Trainers in Europe. However, 38% of Maltese IT Trainers have attained a 4th level qualification (Masters or PhD), which is clearly lower than the European average of 57%. A small proportion (25%) of Maltese IT Trainers has come from an education background where IT was either a side subject or not significant in the curriculum. As a result the 75% of Maltese IT Trainers with an IT


education background, in line with the domestic average, are greater than the proportion of European colleagues (57%). Maltese IT Trainers are on average 33.8 years old, seven years younger than their European colleagues, who are 41.1 years old on average. Quite a large number of the IT Trainers who responded were female (38%), which is markedly higher than the 16% female proportion for all Maltese respondents. IT Trainer is the professional profile in which women are most represented across Europe (41%). Maltese IT Trainers were drawn equally from the IT demand and supply side (50% each), as occurred across Europe (49%-51%), but there is a relevant difference with the domestic ratio which is 36% IT demand side/64% IT supply side. As for other professional profiles, the distribution by enterprise size of IT Trainer is quite different from the European distribution, but reflects the domestic one: a small proportion in small enterprises (6%, while European figures are 11% in micro and 13% in small enterprises); the remaining, 94%, in organisations with 51-1000 employees (the corresponding European amount is 46%); and none in organisations with 1000 or more employees (European rate is 29%) Maltese IT Trainers show a lower Knowledge Index than the European average for the profile in three areas: Run (1.18 versus 1.20); Enable (1.24 versus 1.35); Manage (1.35 versus 1.46). Knowledge Indexes are higher for the remaining two areas: Plan (1.39 versus 1.36); Build (1.36 versus 1.30).

1.39

1.36

1.18

1.24

1.35

1.36

1.30

1.20

1.35

1.46

Plan (A)

Build (B)

Run (C)

Enable (D)

Manage (E)

MaltaEurope

IT Trainer

Figure 23 - IT Trainer


6 Conclusions

The following section draws conclusions based on the analysis of the segmentation of two profiles that arose from the 92 respondents from Malta. The data gathered in this first round of the CEPIS Survey proves a high level of interest from professionals in reflecting about their own competences and their profile. However, from a statistical point of view, the results need to be treated with some degree of caution, as the sample of voluntary respondents who accepted the invitation from their CEPIS Member Society could prove to be biased and not fully representative of the total community of national IT professionals. Figure 24 below shows one dimension of the labour market represented by the distribution of profiles in respect of the size of organisations in which each single IT Professional profile works. The distribution of profiles has been segmented on the basis of the dimension of the organisation in which respondents have declared that they work. There is evidence that the majority work in medium-small organisations; in particular profiles like the IT Quality Manager & Auditor, the Integration & Testing Engineer, the Software Developer and the Service Support Manager (all with a rate higher than 60%). On the other hand we found the remaining three profiles, IT Systems Analyst, IT Manager and IT Trainer, work mainly in larger organisations (250+ employees) (percentage range: 56%-61%). Software Developer is the only profile found in micro enterprises. CSM can confirm that the IT Project Manager profile (P07) is generally of significant interest locally.


2%

7%

52%

42%

70%

39%

63%

65%

63%

44%

45%

58%

30%

61%

30%

35%

38%

56%

Malta (average)

IT Manager P01













Network Manager P14




IT Trainer P18

1 .. 10 11 .. 250 251 +

Figure 24 – Profile distribution by enterprise size

The segmentation of the profiles by distribution of age (section 7.4.1) shows that the general average is around 35 years in Malta against a European average age of 41. As regard IT professionals, Malta is one of the top two youngest countries in Europe. Moreover, Malta has the second lowest amount of professionals “over 50” (5%). The segmentation of the profiles by gender (section 7.4.3) provides evidence that the female contribution in Malta is rather low, as it is at European level; in only two profiles the presence of women is 20% or more (IT Quality Manager & Auditor: 20%; IT Trainer: 38%), while for the IT Systems Analyst profile the female presence is only 5%, the lowest rate among European colleagues. The results of the educational level (section 7.4.4 and 7.4.5) survey questions suggest that there is a good level of attainment of degrees. Among the seven analysed profiles, three show a lower rate than the European average, and all have operating features: IT Systems Analyst, Software Developer and Integration & Testing Engineer. As regard the profile distribution by IT education background, there is some evidence to suggest a sufficient IT education; but for managing profiles a technical education only is not always sufficient; in fact, for some profiles it can be useful to enrich IT-focused education with other subjects more related to business management. The majority of the IT profiles work in the IT supply side (section 7.4.6), such as the Software Developer, IT Manager, IT Systems Analyst and IT Quality Manager & Auditor (all with a rate of 60% or more). On the IT demand side there is only one profile with a clear predominance of either: the Service Support Manager (60%). The other profiles do not show a relevant predominance of demand or supply sides (the range of distribution is around 50%).


The Knowledge Index levels (section 4.3) of Maltese respondents appear to be a good only in the Build area (the best KI among surveyed countries) and for the Run area, while for Plan, Enable and Manage areas the KI is rather lower than the European level. A deeper analysis of the Knowledge Indexes compared to each profile requirements is fundamental in order to design detailed training paths to cover the competence gaps for each proximity profile of each respondent. The Computer Society of Malta (CSM) considers the number of respondents as reasonable, especially bearing in mind Malta’s limited population. In fact, in order to obtain a good number of responses it was necessary to follow up with individuals and also to carry out efforts focused on those working in larger organisations. Nevertheless the results seem very reasonable and while they cannot be considered as representative of the entire local IT workforce, they are at least a very good indication on which to base further analysis. CSM welcomes the results of the CEPIS Survey, conducted in Malta in November 2010. CSM are pleased with the response rate and thank our members for their contributions. The CSM believes that this report provides useful indicators of IT professional skills (and skills gaps) in the market. National Expert Comment: In general the local IT industry promotes itself largely on the basis of work ethic, flexibility, culture and knowledge of the English language. These characteristics do not form part of the subject of the survey. It is also hard to draw conclusions about country competitiveness based on the results of the survey. For further information on this study please see www.cepis.org or www.csm.org.mt

http://www.cepis.org/

http://www.csm.org.mt/


7 Annex

7.1 Description of Additional Segmentation

The research has been conducted via an e-CF based web questionnaire. To enhance the differentiation of the 18 profiles gathered: an additional segmentation of eight more ICT competencies have been introduced on the basic nucleus of 36 as outlined here below.

European e-Competence Framework 2.0 CEPIS Survey of Professional e-Competence in Europe

B.1. Design and Development B.1a. Design and Development (Infrastructure and Software Environment)

B.1b. Design and Development (Data Model and Application Logics)

B.1c. Design and Development (User Interfaces)

B.2. Systems Integration B.2a. Systems Integration (Configuration and Performance Control)

B.2b. Systems Integration (Package Selection and Customization)

C.4. Problem Management C.4a. Problem Management (Process)

C.4b. Problem Management (Network Operation)

C.4c. Problem Management (Computer System Operation)

C.4d. Problem Management (Database Administration)

C.4e. Problem Management (Application Maintenance)

D.9. Personnel Development D.9a. Personnel Development (Competence Analysis)

D.9b. Personnel Development (Resource Management)

This additional segmentation has proven valuable in improving the uniqueness of each job profile.

For instance, all CEPIS Survey responses till 11/2/2011 were analysed, and in this sample only 20 respondents had identified themselves as Network Managers in initial pages (before entering the detailed questionnaire): 17 of them got a proximity value to the same profile in the range 51% to 100%, whilst the remaining three got values between 0 and 18% (maybe they didn't complete the questionnaire); therefore, these three respondents were discarded from mean value calculation.


Self-declared

Network Network Mgr DB Admin Network Mgr DB Admin

Managers 80.81% 78.08% 80.65% 50.47%

1 4% 3% 6% 4%

2 97% 94% 98% 60%

3 83% 87% 88% 79%

4 77% 55% 81% 33%

5 75% 70% 84% 74%

6 100% 98% 100% 89%

7 95% 84% 95% 76%

8 99% 98% 100% 89%

9 98% 78% 99% 45%

10 92% 89% 99% 77%

11 64% 65% 18% 19%

12 65% 74% 62% 12%

13 70% 64% 63% 18%

14 88% 84% 83% 45%

15 0% 0% 0% 0%

16 86% 74% 81% 12%

17 58% 81% 54% 35%

18 61% 70% 58% 25%

19 54% 67% 51% 21%

20 76% 60% 75% 69%

E-CF 2.0 (pure) enhanced e-CF

Results with the “Additional e-CF Segmentation” are shown in columns 4 & 5 in the above table:

80.65% average proximity to the Network Manager profile

50.47% average proximity to the Database Administrator profile This means that a Network Manager normally does not have all detailed competences to act as a good Database Administrator. Columns 2 & 3 show simulated results of data processing with the original set of 36 e-CF competences:

80.81% proximity to the Network Manager profile (Similar to the previous result)

78.08% proximity to the Database Administrator profile In this case, the Database Administrator profile can hardly be distinguished from the Network Manager profile (as it appears that they require nearly the same set of "pure" e-CF competences). This shows that if we do not split different technology contents of the various competences, we are not able to differentiate between some technical profiles.


7.2 ICT Competence – Knowledge Index

1.52

1.47

1.52

1.91

1.79

1.95

1.77

0.92

1.67

1.59

1.55

1.94

1.72

1.81

1.83

1.19

IS & Business Strategy Alignment A01

Service Level Management A02

Business Plan Development A03

Product or Project Planning A04

Architecture Design A05

Application Design A06

Technology Watching A07

Sustainable development A08

MaltaEurope

Figure A1 – ICT Competence – Knowledge Index – Plan

1.74

1.82

1.80

1.64

1.60

1.98

1.88

2.01

1.62

1.67

1.65

1.70

1.55

1.72

1.66

1.75

Design & Development (infrastructure &

sw environment) B01a

Design & Development (data model &

application logics) B01b

Design & Development (user interface)

B01c

Systems Integration (configuration &

performance control) B02a

Systems Integration (package selection &

customization) B02b

Testing B03

Solution Deployment B04

Documentation Production B05

MaltaEurope

Figure A2 – ICT Competence – Knowledge Index – Build


2.23

2.06

1.93

2.04

1.10

1.40

1.36

1.73

2.03

1.83

1.74

1.87

1.37

1.57

1.35

1.66

User Support C01

Change Support C02

Service Delivery C03

Problem Management (process) C04a

Problem Management (network

operation) C04b

Problem Management (computer system

operation) C04c

Problem Management (database

administration) C04d

Problem Management (application

maintenance) C04e

MaltaEurope

Figure A3 – ICT Competence – Knowledge Index – Run

1.27

1.36

1.39

1.12

1.07

0.74

0.77

1.09

1.36

1.40

1.48

1.44

1.50

1.55

1.41

1.28

0.94

0.99

1.25

1.57

1.66

1.55

Information Security Strategy

Development D01

ICT Quality Strategy Development D02

Education & Training Provision D03

Purchasing D04

Sales Proposal Development D05

Channel Management D06

Sales Management D07

Contract Management D08

Personnel Development (competence

analysis) D09aPersonnel Development (resource

management) D09bInformation & Knowledge Management

D10

MaltaEurope

Figure A4 – ICT Competence – Knowledge Index – Enable


1.00

1.30

1.24

1.55

1.43

1.41

1.47

1.23

1.28

1.26

1.62

1.47

1.61

1.63

1.49

1.55

1.41

1.55

Forecast Development E01

Project & Portfolio Management E02

Risk Management E03

Relationship Management E04

Process Improvement E05

ICT Quality Management E06

Business Change Management E07

Information Security Management E08

IT Governance E09

MaltaEurope

Figure A5 – ICT Competence – Knowledge Index – Manage


7.3 Proximity Profiles – Details

7.3.1 IT Manager

Gender IT EducationEnterprise size

Age Industry sector Educational level

Malta

IT Manager

Base: 12 respondents

Professional status

91.7%

8.3%

0.0%

0.0%

Full time

employee

Part time

employee

Self-employed

Student/

Unemployed/

Retired

0.0%

8.3%

25.0%

66.7%

0.0%

None of the

above

Secondary

School

Diploma

University

Bachelors

Degree

University

Masters

Degree

Doctorate

(Phd.)

50.0%

25.0%

25.0%

IT was the

main focus of

my education

IT was a side

subject

IT was not

significant in my

curriculum

0.0%

8.3%

33.3% 33.3%

25.0%

1 - 10 11 - 50 51 - 250 251 - 1000 1000+

25.0%

75.0%

Mainly on IT

demand side

Mainly on IT

supply side

25.0%

41.7%

16.7% 16.7%

..-30 yr 31-40 yr 41-50 yr 51-.. yr

Mean: 38.4

16.7%

83.3%

FemaleMale


Malta Europe

Cases 12 154

Age

Mean 38.4 46.7

GenderFemale 17% 19%

Male 83% 81%

EducationSecondary & other 8% 7%University (Masters/Bachelors/Phd) 92% 93%

IT EducationalIT was the main focus of my education 50% 48%

IT was a side subject 25% 34%

IT was not significant in my curriculum 25% 18%

Current professional statusFull time employee 92% 86%

Part time employee 8% 1%

Self-employed 0% 11%

Student / Unemployed / Retired 0% 1%

Number of employees1 - 10 0% 10%

11 - 50 8% 10%

51 - 250 33% 20%

251 - 1000 33% 17%

1000+ 25% 43%

IndustryMy focus is mainly on IT demand side 25% 50%

My focus is mainly on IT supply side organizations 75% 50%

Proximity index 77.0 76.3

IT Manager


Malta Europe

Proximity index 77.0 76.3Min 44 40Max 100 100

Knowledge index

A- Plan 2.09 1.96A01) IS & Business Strategy Alignment 2.67 2.64A02) Service Level Management 2.08 1.98A03) Business Plan Development 2.33 2.22A04) Product or Project Planning 2.50 2.25A05) Architecture Design 1.75 1.74A06) Application Design 1.83 1.51A07) Technology Watching 2.25 2.03A08) Sustainable development 1.33 1.34

B- Build 1.02 1.01B01a) Design & Development (infrastructure & sw environment) 0.92 1.03B01b) Design & Development (data model & application logics) 1.00 0.98B01c) Design & Development (user interface) 0.92 0.94B02a) Systems Integration (configuration & performance control) 1.00 0.94B02b) Systems Integration (package selection & customization) 1.00 0.87B03) Testing 1.00 1.08B04) Solution Deployment 1.08 1.10B05) Documentation Production 1.25 1.17

C- Run 0.93 1.10C01) User Support 1.17 1.34C02) Change Support 1.17 1.26C03) Service Delivery 1.33 1.26C04a) Problem Management (process) 1.17 1.40C04b) Problem Management (network operation) 0.50 0.93C04c) Problem Management (computer system operation) 0.83 0.97C04d) Problem Management (database administration) 0.58 0.71C04e) Problem Management (application maintenance) 0.67 0.92

D- Enable 1.69 1.70D01) Information Security Strategy Development 1.33 1.64D02) ICT Quality Strategy Development 1.58 1.85D03) Education & Training Provision 1.58 1.70D04) Purchasing 1.75 1.77D05) Sales Proposal Development 1.58 1.63D06) Channel Management 1.33 1.32D07) Sales Management 1.25 1.40D08) Contract Management 2.08 1.84D09a) Personnel Development (competence analysis) 1.92 1.89D09b) Personnel Development (resource management) 2.08 1.94D10) Information & Knowledge Management 2.08 1.76

E- Manage 2.01 1.98E01) Forecast Development 1.58 1.79E02) Project & Portfolio Management 2.25 2.14E03) Risk Management 2.08 1.95E04) Relationship Management 2.50 2.09E05) Process Improvement 2.08 2.10E06) ICT Quality Management 1.67 1.75E07) Business Change Management 2.00 2.08E08) Information Security Management 1.67 1.62E09) IT Governance 2.25 2.27

IT Manager


7.3.2 IT Quality Manager & Auditor



Malta



Professional status

100.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Full time

employee

Part time

employee

Self-employed

Student/

Unemployed/

Retired

0.0%

10.0%

60.0%

30.0%

0.0%

None of the

above

Secondary

School

Diploma

University

Bachelors

Degree

University

Masters

Degree

Doctorate

(Phd.)

70.0%

20.0%

10.0%

IT was the

main focus of

my education

IT was a side

subject

IT was not

significant in my

curriculum

0.0%

10.0%

60.0%

10.0%

20.0%

1 - 10 11 - 50 51 - 250 251 - 1000 1000+

40.0%

60.0%

Mainly on IT

demand side

Mainly on IT

supply side

30.0% 30.0%

40.0%

0.0%

..-30 yr 31-40 yr 41-50 yr 51-.. yr

Mean: 37

20.0%

80.0%

FemaleMale

Malta Europe

Cases 10 80

Age

Mean 37.0 43.1


Male 80% 70%







Self-employed 0% 4%



11 - 50 10% 6%

51 - 250 60% 25%

251 - 1000 10% 10%

1000+ 20% 46%






Malta Europe


Knowledge index








7.3.3 IT Systems Analyst



Malta

IT Systems Analyst


Professional status

94.7%

5.3%

0.0%

0.0%

Full time

employee

Part time

employee

Self-employed

Student/

Unemployed/

Retired

5.3%

31.6%

42.1%

15.8%

5.3%

None of the

above

Secondary

School

Diploma

University

Bachelors

Degree

University

Masters

Degree

Doctorate

(Phd.)

84.2%

5.3%

10.5%

IT was the

main focus of

my education

IT was a side

subject

IT was not

significant in my

curriculum

0.0%

16.7%

22.2%

44.4%

16.7%

1 - 10 11 - 50 51 - 250 251 - 1000 1000+

31.6%

68.4%

Mainly on IT

demand side

Mainly on IT

supply side

26.3%

47.4%

26.3%

0.0%

..-30 yr 31-40 yr 41-50 yr 51-.. yr

Mean: 35.9

5.3%

94.7%

FemaleMale

Malta Europe

Cases 19 127

Age

Mean 35.9 41.7

GenderFemale 5% 15%

Male 95% 85%







Self-employed 0% 7%



11 - 50 17% 15%

51 - 250 22% 16%

251 - 1000 44% 19%

1000+ 17% 36%




IT Systems Analyst


Malta Europe


Knowledge index






IT Systems Analyst


7.3.4 Software Developer



Malta

Software Developer


Professional status

96.3%

0.0%

3.7%

0.0%

Full time

employee

Part time

employee

Self-employed

Student/

Unemployed/

Retired

11.1%

18.5%

44.4%

22.2%

3.7%

None of the

above

Secondary

School

Diploma

University

Bachelors

Degree

University

Masters

Degree

Doctorate

(Phd.)

88.9%

11.1%

0.0%

IT was the

main focus of

my education

IT was a side

subject

IT was not

significant in my

curriculum

7.4%

0.0%

63.0%

29.6%

0.0%

1 - 10 11 - 50 51 - 250 251 - 1000 1000+

11.1%

88.9%

Mainly on IT

demand side

Mainly on IT

supply side

25.9%

59.3%

14.8%

0.0%

..-30 yr 31-40 yr 41-50 yr 51-.. yr

Mean: 34.1

18.5%

81.5%

FemaleMale

Malta Europe

Cases 27 231

Age

Mean 34.1 39.2


Male 81% 84%







Self-employed 4% 6%



11 - 50 0% 11%

51 - 250 63% 23%

251 - 1000 30% 23%

1000+ 0% 36%




Software Developer


Malta Europe


Knowledge index






Software Developer


7.3.5 Integration & Testing Engineer



Malta



Professional status

100.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Full time

employee

Part time

employee

Self-employed

Student/

Unemployed/

Retired

13.0%

21.7%

56.5%

8.7%

0.0%

None of the

above

Secondary

School

Diploma

University

Bachelors

Degree

University

Masters

Degree

Doctorate

(Phd.)

78.3%

21.7%

0.0%

IT was the

main focus of

my education

IT was a side

subject

IT was not

significant in my

curriculum

0.0%

13.0%

52.2%

30.4%

4.3%

1 - 10 11 - 50 51 - 250 251 - 1000 1000+

47.8%

52.2%

Mainly on IT

demand side

Mainly on IT

supply side

52.2%

39.1%

8.7%

0.0%

..-30 yr 31-40 yr 41-50 yr 51-.. yr

Mean: 31.4

17.4%

82.6%

FemaleMale

Malta Europe

Cases 23 126

Age

Mean 31.4 38.2


Male 83% 80%







Self-employed 0% 5%



11 - 50 13% 14%

51 - 250 52% 29%

251 - 1000 30% 18%

1000+ 4% 30%






Malta Europe


Knowledge index








7.3.6 Service Support Manager



Malta



Professional status

92.0%

4.0%

0.0%

4.0%

Full time

employee

Part time

employee

Self-employed

Student/

Unemployed/

Retired

0.0%

24.0%

56.0%

20.0%

0.0%

None of the

above

Secondary

School

Diploma

University

Bachelors

Degree

University

Masters

Degree

Doctorate

(Phd.)

64.0%

12.0%

24.0%

IT was the

main focus of

my education

IT was a side

subject

IT was not

significant in my

curriculum

0.0% 0.0%

62.5%

29.2%

8.3%

1 - 10 11 - 50 51 - 250 251 - 1000 1000+

60.0%

40.0%

Mainly on IT

demand side

Mainly on IT

supply side

36.0%

32.0%

16.0% 16.0%

..-30 yr 31-40 yr 41-50 yr 51-.. yr

Mean: 37.4

16.0%

84.0%

FemaleMale

Malta Europe

Cases 25 163

Age

Mean 37.4 40.3


Male 84% 83%







Self-employed 0% 8%



11 - 50 0% 7%

51 - 250 63% 30%

251 - 1000 29% 19%

1000+ 8% 37%






Malta Europe


Knowledge index








7.3.7 IT Trainer



Malta

IT Trainer


Professional status

100.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Full time

employee

Part time

employee

Self-employed

Student/

Unemployed/

Retired

6.3% 6.3%

50.0%

37.5%

0.0%

None of the

above

Secondary

School

Diploma

University

Bachelors

Degree

University

Masters

Degree

Doctorate

(Phd.)

75.0%

18.8%

6.3%

IT was the

main focus of

my education

IT was a side

subject

IT was not

significant in my

curriculum

0.0%

6.3%

37.5%

56.3%

0.0%

1 - 10 11 - 50 51 - 250 251 - 1000 1000+

50.0%

50.0%

Mainly on IT

demand side

Mainly on IT

supply side

43.8%

31.3%

18.8%

6.3%

..-30 yr 31-40 yr 41-50 yr 51-.. yr

Mean: 33.8

37.5%

62.5%

FemaleMale

Malta Europe

Cases 16 157

Age

Mean 33.8 41.1


Male 63% 59%







Self-employed 0% 7%



11 - 50 6% 13%

51 - 250 38% 21%

251 - 1000 56% 25%

1000+ 0% 29%




IT Trainer


Malta Europe


Knowledge index






IT Trainer


7.4 Profile Segmentation

7.4.1 Profile Distribution by Age

33%

25%

30%

26%

26%

52%

36%

44%

62%

58%

70%

74%

74%

48%

48%

50%

5%

17%

16%

6%

Malta (average)

IT Manager P01













Network Manager P14




IT Trainer P18

<30yr 31..50 >50yr

Total Total

P01 IT Manager 7% 8%

P02 IT Quality Manager & Auditor 5% 4%

P03 IT Client Manager 3% 3%

P04 IT Sales & Mktg Consultant 3% 3%

P05 IT Applications Consultant 3% 2%

P06 Business Analyst 0% 2%

P07 IT Project Manager 5% 8%

P08 IT Systems Analyst 10% 7%

P09 Software Developer 15% 12%

P10 Integration & Testing Engineer 13% 7%

P11 IT Systems Architect 4% 4%

P12 IT Security Manager 2% 3%

P13 Database Administrator 3% 4%

P14 Network Manager 2% 3%

P15 IT Administrator 3% 9%

P16 IT Systems Engineer 2% 5%

P17 Service Support Manager 14% 9%

P18 IT Trainer 9% 8%

Total cases 184 1913

EuropeMalta

by Age ..-30 yr

5%

5%

2%

5%

3%

0%

3%

8%

11%

20%

5%

0%

0%

2%

3%

2%

15%

11%

31-50 yr

6%

6%

4%

2%

3%

0%

4%

12%

18%

10%

4%

4%

4%

2%

3%

2%

11%

7%

51-.. yr

22%

0%

0%

0%

0%

0%

22%

0%

0%

0%

0%

0%

0%

0%

0%

31-50 yr 51-.. yr

3% 6% 18%

..-30 yr

3% 6%

2% 3% 2%

5%

3% 1%

1% 2% 3%

2%

2% 3%

4% 9% 9%

1%

7% 8%

13% 13% 8%

6%

6% 4%

8% 4% 4%

11%

4% 3%

1% 4% 3%

2%

2% 4% 3%

11% 9% 5%

114 359

7% 5% 3%

10% 8% 9%

0%

44%

9 322 1232

8% 8%11%

61

8%

(note: the profiles to be analysed are those satisfying the condition of having 10 respondents or more)


7.4.2 Profile Distribution by Enterprise Size

2%

7%

52%

42%

70%

39%

63%

65%

63%

44%

45%

58%

30%

61%

30%

35%

38%

56%

Malta (average)

IT Manager P01













Network Manager P14




IT Trainer P18

1 .. 10 11 .. 250 251 +

Total Total




















by Enterprise size 1 .. 10 11 .. 250 251 +

4% 5%

25% 4%

0% 7% 4% 6%

0% 7%

2% 2%

3% 2%

3% 1%

0% 3% 1% 3%

0% 2% 4% 4%

0% 0% 0% 3%

11%

6% 7%

1% 3%

8%

0% 7% 13% 9%

0% 2% 9% 10%

50% 18% 10% 7%

0% 16% 10% 6%

3%

3% 5%

9% 6%

5%

25% 0% 4% 2%

0% 5% 4% 5%

2%

0% 1%

0% 2% 4% 1%

0% 1% 2%

10%

4% 4%

6% 6%

0% 2% 1% 3%

0% 16% 11% 6%

796

0% 7% 11% 9% 9% 9%

4 95 82 163

1 .. 10 11 .. 250

8%

496

2%

6%

4%

5%

10%

5% 7%

11%

4%

0% 5% 9% 8%

Malta Europe

251 +

10%



7.4.3 Profile Distribution by Gender

16%

17%

20%

5%

19%

17%

16%

38%

84%

83%

80%

95%

81%

83%

84%

63%

Malta (average)

IT Manager P01













Network Manager P14




IT Trainer P18

Female Male

Total Total




















0% 2%

Malta Europe

13% 14% 9% 8%

2% 6%

30 154 314 1604

20% 6% 21% 6%

3% 3% 4% 10%

7% 1% 1% 4%

0% 3% 1% 4%

0% 3% 2% 3%

7% 4% 4% 5%

13% 12% 8% 6%

17% 14% 12% 12%

3% 12% 6% 7%

3% 5% 8% 8%

0% 0% 2% 2%

3% 1% 3%

0% 3% 1% 2%

3%

0% 3% 2% 3%

7% 6% 9% 8%

Female Male Female

7% 5% 8%

0%

by Gender Male



7.4.4 Profile Distribution by Educational Level

74%

92%

90%

63%

70%

65%

76%

88%

26%

8%

10%

37%

30%

35%

24%

13%

Malta (average)

IT Manager P01













Network Manager P14




IT Trainer P18

University degree Diploma or less

Total Total



















Total cases 184 190747 137 395 1512

Malta Europe

8% 9%

6% 9%

15% 7%

9% 4%

4% 3%

5% 3%

4% 4%

2% 4%

13% 12%

6% 7%

5% 9%

6% 7%

3% 2%

1% 3%

6% 2%

3% 3%

4%

1%

14%

10%

4%

2%

3%

1%

6%

9%

14%

11%

2%

2%

3%

0%

0%

2%

13%

4%

6%

2%

2%

4%

2%

15%

17%

17%

4%

4%

2%

0%

3% 9%

3% 4%

University

2%

2%

8%

7%

by Education LevelSecondary &

other

Secondary &

otherUniversity



7.4.5 Profile Distribution by IT Education

74%

50%

70%

84%

89%

78%

64%

75%

26%

50%

30%

16%

11%

22%

36%

25%

Malta (average)

IT Manager P01













Network Manager P14




IT Trainer P18

Main focus Secondary subjet

Total Total




















Malta Europe

136 48 1201 706

7% 9%

12% 19% 8% 9%

9% 8%

1% 2% 4% 6%

4% 0% 9% 7%

1% 4% 3% 5%

2% 4% 4% 3%

2% 2% 3% 3%

5% 2% 5% 3%

13% 10% 8% 4%

18% 6% 13% 10%

12% 6% 8% 5%

5% 4% 8% 8%

0% 0% 2% 3%

2% 4% 2% 2%

4% 0% 3% 3%

1% 8% 2% 3%

5% 6% 4% 5%

Side/Not

significant4% 13% 6% 11%

by IT Education Main focusSide/Not

significantMain focus



7.4.6 Profile Distribution by IT Industry

36%

25%

40%

32%

11%

48%

60%

50%

64%

75%

60%

68%

89%

52%

40%

50%

Malta (average)

IT Manager P01













Network Manager P14




IT Trainer P18

IT Demand side IT Supply side

Total Total




















Malta Europe

66 118 829 808

12% 7% 9% 9%

23% 8% 10% 9%

2% 2% 4% 3%

3% 3% 9% 5%

2% 2% 3% 3%

2% 3% 3% 4%

0% 3% 4% 3%

6% 3% 5% 5%

17% 10% 8% 6%

5% 20% 8% 13%

9% 11% 6% 8%

8% 3% 8% 8%

0% 0% 3% 2%

0% 4% 2% 2%

0% 4% 3% 3%

3% 3% 3% 3%

6% 5% 5% 5%

Supply side

5% 8% 9% 9%

by IT Industry Demand side Supply side Demand side


Cepis e competence survey malta country report-final

Business

individual respondents

professional profile

competence questionnaire

survey results

ict profile

professional status

profile segmentation

ict competence knowledge