Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre Case Study on Central Air Conditioning Devvrat ,Deepshikha,Ritika,Urwashi,Tashi,Alind
Jan 19, 2015
Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre
Case Study on Central Air Conditioning
By Devvrat ,Deepshikha,Ritika,Urwashi,Tashi,Alind,Kapil
IntroductionSite Chosen : BMHRC (Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre)
Location : Raisen Bypass Road ,Karond , BhopalType of Building : Hospital and Research CentreCooling Type : Central Air Conditioning (Chilled water system )
PLANT ROOM
Plant Room
CONTROL ROOM
CHILLED WATER PIPES
WATER PUMPS
COOLING TOWERS
COMPRESSOR
CHILLER
CONDENSER
CHILLED WATER OUT7deg Celsius
CHILLED WATER IN10deg Celsius
Pipes carrying water to condensers
This plant room caters only the Hospital ,separate plant room for research centerThe plant room has a cooling capacity of 720 tons
COOLING UNITS
COMPRESSOR• 3 pistons max
operational • Converts R22
refrigerant from low pressure to high pressure , high temperature liquid
EXPANSION VALVE• Receives sub cooled
R22 refrigerant from the condenser
• Controls flow of refrigerant
• Allows the refrigerant to expand thus cooling it down to a super cooled liquid at -30deg Celsius
CHILLER• Receives super
cooled refrigerant from expansion valve
• This coolant runs around a tube through which water is passed thus cooling it to 7deg celsius
80 ton cooling capacity per combined unit
COOLING UNITS CONDENSER• Used for cooling of the
R22 refrigerant • R22 refrigerant runs
around a tube through which water is passed to absorb the heat from the coolant
• Has a separate loop where hot water is passing through the cooling towers,gets cooled then sent back to the condenser
CONTROL PANEL• Used for controlling the
functioning(electrical, pressure) of the units
• Automatically shuts down if a unit overloads
CATCH ALL CORE• Absorbs the humidity
in the coolant• Filters the coolant• Same as Drier filter
COOLING TOWER FAN• Throws out warm
humidified air• Creates suction for dry
air to enter
COOLING TOWERS • Cools the hot water
coming from the condenser then sends it back
• Functions on the principle of “Evaporation causes cooling”
Cooling towers(3nos) situated just outside the plant room as there is an exchange with fresh -dry air required
COOLING TOWERS
Control Room
CONTROL ROOM• Controls the functioning of
all the cooling units inside as well as outside the Plant room
• Includes – AHUs, Cooling towers , Compressor-condenser-chiller units controls
SIZE REQUIREMENTS
Water Pumps
WATER PUMPS• Sends the
chilled water from the Chiller to the AHUs with adequate pressure
• Sends the warm water from the condenser to the cooling towers
300mm dia M.S pipe
50mm thick thermocole insulation
12mm thick plaster
CHILLED WATER PIPE LAYERING
Chiller line (Green Colour)
Condenser line(Blue Colour)
FunctioningR22 coolant in vapour form
High pressure,High temperature coolant liquid
High pressure Sub cooled coolant liquid
Air cooled water at 24deg C
Warm waterat 35-40deg C
Super cooled coolant at -30deg C
Chilled water out 7deg C
Chilled water in 10deg C
AHU Rooms
Inner walls with 150mm thermocole insulation covered with aluminum grating
Supply duct400X200mm
Return duct400X200mm
Chilled water out at 10deg C
Chilled water in at 7deg C
AHUs for Wards• These are 16 out of the
total 22 AHUs present• The return ducts bring
back the cool air from the wards
• No extra fresh air is added as it is assumed due to the presence of opening in the ward areas a small percentage of fresh air is present
TYPES OF AHU USED IN HOSPITAL COMPLEX• 100% recycle type
used in ward areas• 75% recycle and 25%
fresh airused is Opthal Ots
• 100% exhaust and 100% fresh airused in Cardio,Gastro OTs
VDF(VirtualFrequency Device)controls the electric supply to AHU(Saves energy)
AHU
AHU RoomsPLACEMENT OF AHUs
• 3nos 100% recycle AHUs provided on the ground floor to supply to the wards
• 2nos 100%exhaust and 100%fresh air AHUs provided on the 2nd floor
• One 75%recycle and 25% fresh air AHUs also provided on the 2nd floor
SCHEMATIC VIEW OF HOSPITAL
LOCATION OF AHUs
AHU RoomsAHU FOR OPERATION THEATRES6 Nos one for each OTThese do not recycle the air in the room100% fresh air intake!00% room air exhaust
• The floor above the OT is reserved for the duct network
• There can be no columns or beams projecting inside the OT
• The ceiling of the OT is hung with inverted beams and colums
Air passes through 3 Hepa-filters before entering the OT to kill all harmful bacteria
Ducts insulated to prevent heat gain
AHU rooms open , not insulated
Schematic section of OT area Exhaust for the OT air situated on the terrace
DUCT ROOM
AHU ROOM
Special Arrangements
Panel in Plant room displaying the temperature of out and in Chilled water
Concrete footing
High density rubber pads
Cooling unit
Branches of 6” taken out of 12” dia chiller line to maintain appropriate pressure
Over head tanks used to make up for the evaporated water in cooling towers
HEAT PUMPHot water from the boiler room flooded into the chiller lines and functioning of all other components stopped