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8/10/2019 Catabolism - Questions http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/catabolism-questions 1/22 CATABOLISM Overview Multiple Choice True - False Short Answer Essay Glycolysis Multiple Choice __ 1. Before a glucose molecule can be broken down to release energy a) one ATP molecule must be added to glucose b) two ATP molecules must be added to glucose c) two phosphate groups must be added to glucose d) one ATP molecule must be removed from glucose e) two ATP molecules must be removed from glucose __ 2. The amount of energy released from a glucose molecule s dependent on what happens to a) carbon atoms b) o!ygen atoms c) electrons d) phosphorus atoms e) water molecules __ ". #lycolyss would $uckly halt f the process ran out of ___________% whch serves as the electron acceptor. a) &A'P b) A'P c) &A' d) water e) none of these __ (. #lycolyss a) takes place n the mtochondra b) only happens to glucose c) s the rst step n the breakdown of glucose d) results n the format on of pyruvates e) both * and '% but not A or B __ +. The net yeld per molecule of glucose used durng glycolyss s a) one ATP b) two ATP c) four ATP d) th rty,s ! ATP e) th rty,eght ATP __ -. Pyruvate can be regarded as the end product of a) glycolys s b) acetyl *oA format on c) fermentat on d) the reb/s cycle
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Catabolism - Questions

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Page 1: Catabolism - Questions

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CATABOLISMOverview

Multiple ChoiceTrue - FalseShort Answer

EssayGlycolysis

Multiple Choice __ 1. Before a glucose molecule can be broken down to release energy

a) one ATP molecule must be added to glucoseb) two ATP molecules must be added to glucosec) two phosphate groups must be added to glucosed) one ATP molecule must be removed from glucosee) two ATP molecules must be removed from glucose

__ 2. The amount of energy released from a glucose molecule s dependent on whathappens to

a) carbon atomsb) o!ygen atomsc) electronsd) phosphorus atomse) water molecules

__ ". #lycolys s would $u ckly halt f the process ran out of ___________% wh ch serves asthe electron acceptor.

a) &A'Pb) A'P

c) &A'd) watere) none of these

__ (. #lycolys sa) takes place n the m tochondr ab) only happens to glucosec) s the rst step n the breakdown of glucosed) results n the format on of pyruvatese) both * and '% but not A or B

__ +. The net y eld per molecule of glucose used dur ng glycolys s sa) one ATPb) two ATPc) four ATPd) th rty,s ! ATPe) th rty,e ght ATP

__ -. Pyruvate can be regarded as the end product of a) glycolys sb) acetyl *oA format onc) fermentat ond) the reb/s cycle

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e) none of theseTrue - FalseShort Answer Essay

FermentationMultiple Choice

__ 0. nder anaerob c cond t ons muscle cells producea) ethanolb) acetaldehydec)pyruvated) lact c ac de) c tr c ac d

__ . 3f fermentat on follows glycolys s%a) carbon d o! de w ll be one of the products as pyruvate s converted tolactateb) the two &A'4 molecules produced dur ng glycolys s w ll be used to reducepyruv c ac d to e ther lact c ac d or ethanol and carbon d o! de.c)o! dat ve phosphorylat on occurs e ther on the plasma membrane or onder vat ves of the plasma membrane.

__ 5. 6h ch of the follow ng l berates the most energy7a) aerob c resp rat onb) alcohol c fermentat onc)lactate fermentat ond) all of these are the same

True - FalseShort Answer Essay

re!"s TCA cycleMultiple Choice

__ 18. The reb/s cycle takes place n thea) r bosomesb) centromeresc)cytoplasmd) m tochondr ae) plast ds

__ 11. The breakdown of pyruvate by the reb/s cycle results n the product on of a) ATPb) carbon d o! dec)o!ygend) &A'4e) all e!cept *

__ 12. To completely break down a glucose molecule re$u res _______ tr ps around thereb/s cycle.

a) twob) three

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c)fourd) s !e) twelve

__ 1". The last ntermed ate produced n the reb/s cycle sa) pyruvateb) acetyl *oAc)fructose d phosphate

d) o!aloacetatee) c trate

__ 1(. 6h ch of the follow ng serves as a br dge from glycolys s to the reb/s cycle7a) acetyl *oA format onb) the convers on of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvatec)the regenerat on of &A'd) chem osmot c coupl nge) none of these

True - FalseShort Answer

EssayElectron transport # O$i%ative &hosphorylation

Multiple Choice __ 1+. 3f the organ sm s perform ng aerob c resp rat on% t uses _____________ as the

nal electron acceptor.a) hydrogenb) carbonc)waterd) o!ygene) &A'f) &A'4

__ 1-. The greatest number of ATP molecules are produced na) glycolys sb) alcohol c fermentat onc)anaerob c electron transportd) reb/s cyclee) electron transport and o! dat ve phosphorylat on

__ 10. 6hen glucose s used as an energy source% the largest amount of ATP sproduced9a) glycolys sb) acetyl *oA format onc)the reb/s cycled) electron transport o! dat ve phosphorylat one) none of the above

__ 1 . The ult mate electron acceptor n aerob c resp rat on s9a) &A'4b) carbon d o! dec)waterd) o!ygen

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e) ATP __ 15. The free energy released when electrons are passed from _________ to __________

s used to generate ATP n resp rat on.a) &A'4 9 o!ygenb) pyruv c ac d 9 acetyl *oAc):A'4 9 o!ygend) glucose 9 carbon d o! de

e) organ c compound 9 &A' __ 28. 'ur ng electron transport% _____ ons accumulate n the outs de of the nner

m tochondr al membrane.a) calc umb) hydrogenc)o!ygend) protonse) sod um

__ 21. ;ach &A'4 produced n the reb/s cycle y elds ______ molecules of ATP dur ngelectron transport and o! dat ve phosphorylat on.

a) twob) threec)tourd) s !e) e ther 2 or "

__ 22. *ompared to :A'4 2% energy produced from &A'4 sa) one,half as muchb) two,th rds as muchc)the samed) three,halves moree) tw ce as much

__ 2". The e<c ency of the complete aerob c breakdown of a molecule of glucose sappro! mately ____ percenta) veb) twentyc)th rty threed) e ghtye) one hundred

True - FalseShort Answer Essay

'on-car!ohy%rate meta!olismMultiple Choice

__ 2(. 'eam nat on s a step n the ut l =at on of a) carbohydratesb) l p dsc)am no ac dsd) nucle c ac dse) fats

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__ 2+. The beta,o! dat on pathway s nvolved n the breakdown of a) carbohydratesb) l p dsc)am no ac dsd) nucle c ac dse) fats

True - FalseShort Answer Essay

********************************XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX***

******XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX***********************************XXXX

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX********************************XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

__ 2-. At the end of glycolys s% the or g nal carbons of the glucose molecule form9a) s ! molecules of carbon d o! de.b) two molecules of &A'4.c)two molecules of pyruv c ac d.d) two molecules of c tr c ac d.e) two molecules of fructose.

__ 20. The anaerob c breakdown of glucose s called9a) :ermentat onb) >esp rat onc)Phosphorylat ond) *hemosmos se) #lycoys s

__ 2 . 6hat results f glucose s metabol =ed under completely anaerob c cond t ons7a) Pyruvate mmed ately enters the rebs cycle.b) Pyruvate s converted by fermentat on nto *? 2 and ethanol or lact c ac d.

c)Pyruvate s converted back to fructose unt l the concentrat on of o!ygenncreases.d) Pyruvate leaves the cytosol and enters the m tochondr al matr !.e) Pyruvate s converted to &A'4.

__ 25. 'ur ng glycolys s% what s the net ga n of ATP molecules produced7a) 2b) (c)"(d) "-e) "

__ "8. 6h ch event occurs n the cytosol of a cell undergo ng glucose metabol sm7a) rebs @c tr c ac d) cycleb) ;lectron transportc)chem osmos sd) Acetyl,*oA format one) #lycolys s

__ "1. 6here does fermentat on occur w th n a cell undergo ng anaerob c metabol smof glucose7a) urface of cell membraneb) troma of chloroplast

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c) tochondr al matr !d) *ytoplasme) &ucleus

__ "2. Cou are play ng a long tenn s match and your muscles beg n to sw tch toanaerob c resp rat on. 6h ch of the follow ng s &?T a bad conse$uence7a) Cour cells convert &A'4 to &A' D.b) Eact c ac d s produced.

c)ATP product on decl nes.d) ?!ygen debt ncreases.e) All of these A>; problems.

__ "". After fermentat on% lact c ac d s converted to pyruv c ac d n the9a) Blood streamb) E verc) usclesd) 4earte) Eungs

__ "(. 6hat s the s gn cance of the convers on of pyruv c ac d to lact c ac d dur ngfermentat on7a) Pyruv c ac d becomes ava lable to enter matr ! react ons.b) The c tr c ac d cycle s n t ated.c)&A' D s regenerated for use n glycolys s.d) The o! dat on of pyruv c ac d becomes poss ble.e) ATP s produced.

__ "+. 3n vertebrate an mal cells% where does the synthes s of lact c ac d occur7a) *ytosolb) urface of r bosomesc) tochondr al matr !d) tochondr al nner membranese) &ucleus

__ "-. 4ow does one account for the bubbles that Ft ckle your noseF when one dr nks aglass of champagne7a) Bubbles of *? 2 are trapped due to the chem stry of aerob c resp rat on byyeast cells.b) Eact c ac d fermentat on accounts for the bubbles n a bottle of sparkl ngw ne such as champagne.c)The champagne was bottled wh le the yeast were st ll al ve and ferment ng% sobubbles of *? 2 were trapped.d) The bubbles are s mply a r bubbles wh ch resulted from the w ne,mak ngprocess.e) The bubbles were formed by the yeast cells dur ng glycolys s.

__ "0. trenuous e!erc se ncreases *? 2 product on. pec cally% where s the *? 2 com ng from7a) glycolys sb) * " cyclec) rebs cycled) chem osmos se) fermentat on

__ " . 4ow do fat gued human muscle cells repay an Fo!ygen debtF7

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a) *ells produce more o!ygen.b) The cells convert glucose nto pyruv c ac d.c)The t red cells ncrease product on of ATP.d) The cells decrease *? 2 product on.e) Eact c ac d s converted back nto pyruv c ac d by the cells.

__ "5. 6h ch of the follow ng statements s true of glycolys s followed by fermentat on7a) 3t produces a net ga n of ATP.

b) 3t produces a net ga n of &A'4.c)3t s an aerob c process.d) 3t can be performed only by bacter a.e) 3t produces more ATP than aerob c resp rat on.

__ (8. 6h ch k nd of metabol c po son would nterfere w th glycolys s7a) An agent that reacts w th o!ygen and depletes ts concentrat on n thecell.b) An agent that b nds to pyruvate and nact vates t.c)An agent that closely m m cs the structure of glucose% but s not capable ofbe ng metabol =ed.d) An agent that reacts w th &A'4 and o! d =es t to &A' D.e) An agent that nh b ts the format on of acetyl coen=yme A.

__ (1. ATP sa) a short,term% energy,storage compound.b) the cellGs pr nc ple compound for energy transfers.c)synthes =ed w th n m tochondr a.d) the molecule all l v ng cell rely on to do work.e) all of the above.

__ (2. The end product of glycolys s sa) pyruvate.b) the start ng po nt for the c tr c ac d cycle.c)the start ng po nt for the fermentat on pathway.d) a and b.e) a% b and c.

__ (". 3n the rst react on of glycolys s% glucose rece ves a phosphate group from ATP. Th s react on sa) resp rat on.b) fermentat on.c)e!ergon c.d) endergon c.e) none of the above.

__ ((. :or bacter a to cont nue grow ng rap dly when they are sh fted from anenv ronment conta n ng o!ygen to an anaerob c env ronment% they musta) ncrease the rate of the c tr c ac d cycle.b) produce more ATP per mole of glucose dur ng glycolys s.c)produce ATP us ng &A'4.d) ncrease the rate of transport of electrons down the resp ratory cha n.e) ncrease the rate of glycolyt c react ons.

__ (+. 'ur ng the fermentat on of one molecule of glucose% the net product on of ATP sa) one molecule.b) two molecules.

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c)three molecules.d) s ! molecules.e) e ght molecules.

__ (-. 3n human cells @muscle cells) the fermentat on process producesa) lact c ac d.b) 12 molecules of ATP.c)glucose,1,phosphate.

d) an e!cess ve amount of energy.e) acetyl coA.

__ (0. Products of the fermentat on process can ncludea) carbon d o! deb) ethanolc)lact c ac dd) all of the abovee) none of the above

__ ( . 'ur ng wh ch part of aerob c resp rat on s the o!ygen actually used7a) #lycolys s

b) :ermentat onc) rebs cycled) *onvers on of pyruv c ac d to acetyl *oAe) ;lectron transport system

__ (5. 6hy do you breathe more heav ly dur ng e!erc se7a) because your cells need more ? 2

b) because your cells are produc ng more *? 2

c)because your cells need more glucosed) a and be) all of the above

__ +8. The most ATP s produceda) #lycolys sb) rebs *yclec);T

__ +1. ?ccur@s) n the cytoplasma) #lycolys sb) rebs *yclec);Td) All of thesee) &one of thesef) &o ATP s produced

__ +2. ?ccur@s) n a membranea) #lycolys sb) rebs *yclec);Td) All of thesee) &one of thesef) &o ATP s produced

__ +". >e$u res o!ygen d rectlya) #lycolys sb) rebs *ycle

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c);Td) All of thesee) &one of thesef) &o ATP s produced

__ +(. >e$u res en=ymesa) #lycolys sb) rebs *ycle

c);Td) All of thesee) &one of thesef) &o ATP s produced

__ ++. ATP synthes = ng en=ymesa) #lycolys sb) rebs *yclec);Td) All of thesee) &one of thesef) &o ATP s produced

__ +-. *hem osmos sa) #lycolys sb) rebs *yclec);Td) All of thesee) &one of thesef) &o ATP s produced

__ +0. *? 2 s produceda) #lycolys sb) rebs *yclec);Td) All of thesee) &one of thesef) &o ATP s produced

__ + . #lucose s synthes =eda) #lycolys sb) rebs *yclec);Td) All of thesee) &one of thesef) &o ATP s produced

__ +5. 3nvolves the c tr c ac d cyclea) #lycolys sb) rebs *yclec);Td) All of thesee) &one of thesef) &o ATP s produced

__ -8. ?ccur@s) n plantsa) #lycolys s

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b) rebs *yclec);Td) All of thesee) &one of thesef) &o ATP s produced

__ -1. The metabol c breakdown of one molecule of glucose harvests the greatestamount of energy dur ng9

a) #lycolys sb) rebs cyclec) atr ! react onsd) :ermentat one) ;lectron transport

__ -2. ;ach turn of the rebs cycle @ nclud ng the ntermed ate react on) produces ____*? 2 molecules.a) 1b) 2c)"d) (e) +

__ -". 6here does the synthes s of pyruv c ac d occur dur ng glycolys s7a) *r staeb) > bosomesc) atr !d) 3ntermembrane compartmente) *ytosol

__ -(. 6h ch of the follow ng s an e!ample of an electron carr er molecule7a) * tr c ac db) *? 2

c)Acetyl *oAd) &A'4e) ATP

__ -+. The electron transport cha n rece ves electrons d rectly from9a) &A'4b) :A'4 2

c)ATPd) a and be) All of these

__ --. 3n the matr ! react ons% what happens to the or g nal carbons n pyruv c ac d7

a) They form the backbone cha n of c tr c ac d.b) They form the r ng structure of o!aloacet c ac d.c)They are ncorporated nto molecules of &A'4 and :A'4 2 .d) They end up n molecules of *? 2 .e) They form glucose.

__ -0. *hem osmos s n m tochondr a d rectly results n the synthes s of9a) &A'4b) :A'4 2

c)4 2?d) *oA

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e) ATP __ - . 6hat s the nal electron acceptor n cellular resp rat on7

a) ATPb) &A'4c)*arbon d o! ded) ?!ygene) :A'4 2

__ -5. 3n the matr !% o!ygen comb nes w th ______ to form ______.a) electronsH waterb) hydrogen onsH waterc)electrons and hydrogen onsH waterd) carbonH *? 2

e) electrons and carbonH *? 2

__ 08. The cells of wh ch of these organs undergo aerob c resp rat on7a) heartb) lungsc)sk n

d) k dneyse) all of these __ 01. ?!ygen s necessary for cellular resp rat on because o!ygen9

a) *omb nes w th electrons and hydrogen ons to form waterb) *omb nes w th carbon to form carbon d o! dec)*omb nes w th carbon d o! de and water to form glucosed) >educes glucose to form carbon d o! de and watere) *omb nes w th electrons to form *? 2

__ 02. 6hen o!ygen s present9a) ost cells ut l =e aerob c cellular resp rat onb) ost an mal cells w ll carry on fermentat on and produce lact c ac dc) ost bacter a and yeasts carry on fermentat ond) Two ATP molecules are produced for each glucose moleculee) ost an mals w ll convert *? 2 to glucose

__ 0". ATP can be used to dr ve nonspontaneous react ons becausea) nonspontaneous react ons are e!ergon c.b) the breakdown of ATP to A'P s e!ergon c.c)the breakdown of ATP to A'P s endergon c.d) when ATP s broken down to A'P% phosphate s released.e) A'P possesses more free energy than ATP.

__ 0(. The port on of aerob c resp rat on that produces the most ATP per molecule of

glucose sa) chem osmos s.b) the c tr c ac d cycle.c)glycolys s.d) lact c ac d fermentat on.e) alcohol fermentat on.

__ 0+. 3n yeast% f the electron transport system s shut down because of a lack ofo!ygen% glycolys s w ll probablya) shut down.b) ncrease.

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c)produce more ATP per molecule of glucose.d) produce more &A'4 per molecule of glucose.e) produce more acetyl coen=yme A.

__ 0-. As a b ker pumps up a h ll to the n sh l ne of a race% h s leg muscles are mostl kelya) us ng cellular resp rat on to produce ma! mal ATP levels.b) us ng more o!ygen for ma! mal ATP product on.

c)us ng lact c ac d fermentat on for ATP product on.d) both a and b.e) all of the above.

__ 00. 6h ch parts of the m tochondr a are d rectly nvolved n the synthes s of ATP7a) matr !b) nner m tochondr al membranec)outer m tochondr al membraned) a and be) a and cf) a% b and c

__ 0 . 6h ch of the follow ng most closely matches the correct order of ma n events ofcellular resp rat on7a) glycolys s% pyruvate enters m tochondr on% rebs cycle% maIor ATPproduct on% electron transportb) glycolys s% maIor ATP product on% pyruvate enters m tochondr on% electrontransport% rebs cyclec)glycolys s% rebs cycle% electrons transport system% maIor ATP product ond) rebs cycle% electron transport% maIor ATP product on% glycolys se) maIor ATP product on% pyruvate enters m tochondr on% rebs cycle%electron transport

__ 05. The maIor products of the rebs cycle ncludes

a) ATPb) carbon d o! dec)electron carr ersd) b and e onlye) all of the above

__ 8. nder normal aerob c cond t ons% wh ch of the follow ng ncreases n the humanbody7a) ATPb) *? 2

c)6aterd) a and be) All of the above

__ 1. The part of a m tochondr on that structurally compares to the stroma of achloroplast s the9a) #ranab) atr !c)Thylako dsd) *r staee) ?uter membrane

__ 2. The cr stae of the m tochondr a can be compared funct onally to the thylako d

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membranes of the chloroplast because both conta n a system for9a) ;n=yme synthes sb) Pyruvate product onc)#lucose synthes sd) Anaerob c resp rat one) ;lectron transport

__ ". *hem osmos s l nks a hydrogen grad ent to the product on of ATP.

a) Trueb) :alse

__ (. *arbon d o! de s cons dered a waste product of cellular resp rat on.a) Trueb) :alse

__ +. #lycolys s and the rebs cycle react ons occur n the m tochondr a.a) Trueb) :alse

__ -. The process of fermentat on s energet cally more e<c ent than cellularresp rat on.

a) Trueb) :alse

__ 0. ome bacter a are str ct aerobes and others are str ct anaerobes. omebacter a% however% are facultat ve anaerobes and can l ve w th or w thout o!ygen.3f g ven the cho ce of us ng o!ygen or not% wh ch should a facultat ve anaerobeperform7a) se o!ygen s nce aerob c metabol sm prov des more ATP per molecule ofcarbohydrate broken down than anaerob c metabol sm.b) &ot use o!ygen s nce t s a facultat ve anaerobe% t doesnGt tolerateo!ygen well.c) se o!ygen because aerob c metabol sm s eas er.d) 3t doesnGt matterH both process w ll produce the same results.

__ . 6h ch of the follow ng molecules can enter the c tr c ac d cycle7a) prote nsb) am no ac dsc)fatty ac dsd) pyruvatee) all of the cho ces are correct

__ 5. 6h ch of the follow ng molecules s &?T o! d =ed dur ng the c tr c ac d cycle7a) &A'4b) *? 2

c):A'4 2

d) none of these are o! d =ed dur ng the c tr c ac d cycle __ 58. 6h ch of these processes occurs n the cytosol7

a) the c tr c ac d cycleb) glycolys sc)the electron transport systemd) the trans t on react on

__ 51. *omplete o! dat ve breakdown of glucose results n ______ ATP molecules.a) 2

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b) (c)"2d) "-e) "5

__ 52. The prepartory react on breaksa) glucose nto pyruvates.b) pyruvates nto glucose.

c)pyruvates nto acetyl,*oA and carbon d o! de.d) pyruvates nto acetyl,*oA and water.e) acetyl *oA nto pyruvates and carbon d o! de.

__ 5". The rst react on n the c tr c ac d cycle s b nd nga) carbon d o! de to a four,carbon @* ( ) molecule.b) carbon d o! de to a ve,carbon @* +) molecule.c)acetyl,*oA to a * ( molecule.d) acetyl,*oA to a * + molecule.

__ 5(. *ellular resp rat on y elds about ____ of the energy of glucose n ATP molecules.a) 2J

b) 1+Jc)2 Jd) "5J

__ 5+. The process based on the #reek root words for FsugarF and Flys sF sa) metabol sm.b) glycolys s.c)phosphorylat on.d) fermentat on.e) chem osmos s.

__ 5-. The rst process n break ng down glucose sa) the c tr c ac d cycle.b) glycolys s.c)the electron transport system.d) fermentat on.e) the preparatory react on.

__ 50. 6h ch process produces both &A'4 and :A'4 27a) the c tr c ac d cycleb) glycolys sc)the electron transport systemd) fermentat one) the preparatory react on

__ 5 . 6h ch process produces alcohol or lactate7a) the c tr c ac d cycleb) glycolys sc)the electron transport systemd) fermentat one) the preparatory react on

__ 55. 6h ch process reduces molecular o!ygen to water7a) the c tr c ac d cycleb) glycolys sc)the electron transport system

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d) fermentat one) the preparatory react on

__ 188. 6h ch process nvolves chem osmot c phosphorylat on7a) the c tr c ac d cycleb) glycolys sc)the electron transport systemd) fermentat on

e) the preparatory react on __ 181. 6h ch of the follow ng produces the most electron carr ers for the electron

transport cha n7a) glycolys sb) fermentat onc) reb/s T*A cycled) o! dat ve phosphorylat on

__ 182. 6h ch connects glycolys s w th the nal stages of the aerob c pathways7a) the c tr c ac d cycleb) glycolys s

c)the electron transport systemd) fermentat one) the preparatory react on

__ 18". ome desert beetles can l ve out the r l fe w thout ever dr nk ng l $u d water. They surv ve on Fmetabol c water%F wh cha) was produced as water n the organ sms they eat.b) s absorbed from the a r along w th resp ratory o!ygen.c) s a breakdown product of pyruvate% along w th carbon d o! de ns de them tochondr a.d) s a breakdown product from glycolys s n the cytoplasm.e) s an or g nal storehouse of water that s never allowed to pass out the cellmembrane.

__ 18(. The large number of ATPs produced area) embedded n the cr stae membranes and d Kuse both d rect ons.b) ns de the m tochondr a matr ! and d Kuse out through the membrane.c) ns de the m tochondr a matr ! and leave through a channel prote n.d) outs de the m tochondr a and d Kuse n through the membrane.e) outs de the m tochondr a and enter through a channel prote n.

__ 18+. The en=ymes of the electron transport cha n are bound to the surface of thecr stae. The cr stae are folded nward n order toa) decrease the ntermembrane space.

b) ncrease d Kus on surface for glycolys s.c)separate the products from the substrate n the c tr c ac d cycle.d) form battery,l ke FcellsF for the electron transport cha n.e) ncrease surface area for the electron transport cha n

__ 18-. *ompared w th other cell components @organelles% cell membrane or nucleus)%the m tochondr a would be the only fract on that woulda) form an electrochem cal grad ent across a membrane.b) use s gn cant amounts of o!ygen.c)use a chem osmot c comple! to produce ATP.d) produce ATP v a glycolys s.

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e) release protons @4 D). __ 180. ?ne turn of the c tr c ac d cycle produces

a) 2 &A'4% 2 :A'4 2% 2 ATP.b) " &A'4% 1 :A'4 2% 1 ATP.c)1 &A'4% " :A'4 2% 2 ATP.d) " &A'4% 2 :A'4 2% 1 ATP.e) " &A'4% 1 :A'4 2% 2 ATP.

__ 18 . Acetyl,*oA s produced froma) pyruvate and a coen=yme.b) c tr c ac d and a coen=yme.c)ATP and pyruvate.d) *? 2 and pyruvate.e) c tr c ac d and *? 2.

__ 185. The carbon d o! de we e!hale s produced na) glycolys s.b) the electron transport system.c)lactate fermentat on.

d) the c tr c ac d cycle. __ 118. The pr mary energy carr er between the c tr c ac d cycle and the electrontransport system sa) &A'4.b) A'P.c):A'4 2.d) 4 2?.e) *? 2 .

__ 111. About _____ of the energy n the glucose molecule s captured n ATP throughthe react ons of cellular resp rat on.a) 12Jb) 2-Jc)"5Jd) +0Je) (J

__ 112. 6h ch process must occur before fermentat on7a) the c tr c ac d cycleb) glycolys sc)the electron transport systemd) fermentat one) the preparatory react on

__ 11". 6hy would an organ sm ut l =e fermentat on f t was wasteful of the energy nfood molecules and posed the threat of k ll ng tself w th h gh levels of to! calcohol7a) The organ sm can surv ve short spells of anaerob c cond t ons andma nta n growth and reproduct on.b) 3f glucose levels are not h gh% there may be t me to d sperse the alcoholFwaste.Fc):ermentat on can prov de a rap d burst of ATP s nce t does not have to gothrough the full breakdown cycle.d) All of the cho ces are advantages.

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e) &one of the cho ces s an advantageH anaerobes only surv ve whereaerobes cannot.

__ 11(. The cr t cal factor dr v ng yeasts to use fermentat on to metabol =e sugar sa) nab l ty to carry on glycolys s.b) lack of o!ygen.c)lack of any en=ymes.d) that yeast s ntolerant to alcohol.

e) that yeasts can secure " ATP molecules from fermentat on. __ 11+. 6h ch of these pa rs of processes are anaerob c7

a) fermentat on and glycolys sb) fermentat on and the c tr c ac d cyclec)glycolys s and the c tr c ac d cycled) the c tr c ac d cycle and the electron transport systeme) glycolys s and the electron transport system

__ 11-. The energy stored n "- ATP molecules produced by aerob c resp rat on s "5percent of the energy ava lable n a s !,carbon glucose and the other -1J of theglucose bond energy s lost. The resp rat on of an 1 ,carbon fatty ac d produces21- ATP. 6e can e!pect thata) the degradat on of a fatty ac d s totally unrelated to the c tr c ac d cycle.b) s ! t mes as much energy was stored n th s molecule but also a s m larproport on s lost.c)because the molecules are so large% fats are an ne<c ent form of storedenergy.d) th s resp rat on pathway must occur n some cell organelle bes des them tochondr on.

__ 110. 'egradat ve react onsa) cause death.b) can dr ve anabol sm.c)tend to be endergon c.d) nclude the bu ldup of products such as comple! prote ns and nucle cac ds.e) All of the cho ces are true.

__ 11 . :or fatty ac ds to be able to enter the pathways of cellular resp rat on% theymust bea) deam nated.b) comb ned w th glycerol.c)comb ned w th ATP.d) broken nto acetyl groups.e) be converted nto ve,carbon sugars.

__ 115. Adult humans cannot synthes =e _____ out of _____ am no ac ds.a) eleven% twentyb) n ne% elevenc)n ne% twentyd) any% twentye) half% all

__ 128. The am no ac ds we cannot synthes =e are called _____ because we _____.a) unnecessary% therefore do not need themb) l m t ng% must nclude them n our d et

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c)anabol c% must use alternat ve am no ac dsd) essent al% must nclude them n our d et.e) superLuous% must surv ve w thout them.

__ 121. The end products of eukaryot c cellular aerob c resp rat on nclude@s)a) carbon d o! de.b) water.c)ATP.

d) All of the cho ces are correct. __ 122. The correct se$uence for aerob c metabol c breakdown of glucose s

a) glycolys sMpreparatory react on,,c rtr c ac d cycle,,electron transportsystemb) preparatory react on ,,glycolys s,,,electron transport,,c tr c ac d cyclec)electron transport system,,c tr c ac d cycle,,, preparatory react on ,,glycolys sd) &one of the cho ces are correct.

__ 12". 6here s the electron transport cha n located n the m tochondr on7a) r bosomesb) cytochrome system

c)outer membraned) nner membranee) matr !

__ 12(. ?f the follow ng processes wh ch does not re$u re o!ygen to occur7a) electron transport systemb) preparatoryc)glycolys sd) c tr c ac d cycle

__ 12+. 6h ch of the follow ng s the most electronegat ve7a) o!ygenb) waterc)&A'4d) :A'4 2

e) electron transport cha n __ 12-. 6h ch of the follow ng s least electronegat ve7

a) o!ygenb) &A'4c):A'4 2

d) electron transport cha n __ 120. The end product of glycolys s

a) s pyruvate n aerob c resp rat on.

b) can form alcohol andNor lactate f fermentat on occurs.c)nets the cell 2 ATP.d) All of the cho ces are correct.

__ 12 . :or aerob c resp rat on to occura) pyruvate must be transported to the m tochondr on.b) o!ygen must be ava lable to the m tochondr on.c)hydrogen ons released from the breakdown of pyruvate must be carr ed to theelectron transport system.d) All of the cho ces are correct.

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__ 125. The c tr c ac d cyclea) must occur tw ce for each glucose molecule metabol =ed.b) produces 2 ATP d rectly from the cycle ntermed ates.c)produces ( carbon d o! de molecules per glucose molecule.d) All of the cho ces are correct.

__ 1"8. The electron transport system produces ______ATP from each &A'4 andNor _________ATP from each Lav n mononucleot de enter ng the system.

a) (H 2b) "H 2c)29 (d) 2H "

__ 1"1. ?rgan sms that can undergo aerob c metabol sm and fermentat on have moreen=ymes than those organ sms that cannot undergo fermentat on.a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1"2. The preparatory react on nvolves the o! dat on of pyruvate and the reduct onof &A' D.

a) Trueb) :alse __ 1"". Act ve cells must cont nually produce ATP.

a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1"(. The most e<c ent pathway for ATP product on n an mal cells s by glycolys s.a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1"+. etabol sm of fats produces more ATP molecules per gram than metabol sm of carbohydrates or prote ns.

a) Trueb) :alse __ 1"-. The nal electron acceptor n glycolys s s o!ygen.

a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1"0. The carr er molecules of the electron transport system are located n thecytosol.a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1" . #lycolys s s l nked to the c tr c ac d cycle when o!ygen s not ava lable.

a) Trueb) :alse __ 1"5. :ermentat on follows glycolys s n some cells when o!ygen s not ava lable.

a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1(8. The h ghest concentrat on of hydrogen ons n the m tochondr a s n thentermembrane space.

a) Trueb) :alse

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__ 1(1. Because &A'D and :A' are cr t cal coen=ymes n cellular resp rat on% huge$uant t es must be synthes =ed n the cell to ensure there s no shortage.a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1(2. ;ach molecule of &A'4 produced n the m tochondr a prov des the energy fortwo ATP molecules.a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1(". The breakdown of glucose n cellular resp rat on s a catabol c react on.a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1((. All of the molecules ava lable for b osynthes s const tute the metabol c pool.a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1(+. :ermentat on s the process that produces bubbles of carbon d o! de thatmakes bread dough r se.a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1(-. #lycolys s and fermentat on are thought to be older processes than theelectron transport system and the c tr c ac d cycle.a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1(0. :ermentat on s the process that causes your muscles to be sore after a long%strenuous workout.a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1( . The nal electron acceptor n the electron transport system s o!ygen.

a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1(5. Photosynthes s s the most abundant form of anabol c metabol sm n l fe.a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1+8. The total ty of metabol sm n humans must nclude both anabol sm andcatabol sm.a) Trueb) :alse

__ 1+1. ;!pla n why the process of glycolys s and cellular resp rat on releases the

energy of glucose n small $uant t es rather than all at once.

__ 1+2. A l ttle knowledge s somet mes a dangerous th ng. :or nstance% the overalle$uat on for cellular resp rat on of sugar s essent ally the same as for tak ng amatch and burn ng a sugar cubeO ome people bel eve Fspontaneous humancombust onF s a s mple runaway of normal cell processes. :rom your study ofboth cellular resp rat on% and the t ssue env ronment of cells% why wouldsc ent sts $uest on the e! stence of Fspontaneous human combust onF and noteven cons der the dea that t s l nked to cellular resp rat on7

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__ 1+". 'escr be how the processes of photosynthes s and cellular resp rat on arel nked% and what aspects they have n common.

__ 1+(. E st and descr be the four processes n the o! dat on of glucose to carbond o! de and water.

__ 1++. ' scuss the d Kerences n act ons% locat ons% products% and energy y eld ofanaerob c and aerob c breakdown of glucose.

__ 1+-. 'escr be what fermentat on s and how t s d Kerent n an mals versus yeast.

__ 1+0. ;!pla n how fermentat on s useful n humans% and why most of the bodyGsglucose breakdown s done us ng the aerob c pathway.

__ 1+ . ' scuss what the metabol c pool s and ts l nks to cellular resp rat on andb osynthes s.

__ 1+5. 3n the process of cellular resp rat on% a molecule of __________ s completelybroken down to form __________% __________% and __________.

__ 1-8. Eou s Pasteur @a french B ochem st) nvest gated the metabol sm of yeastwh ch can surv ve under aerob c or anaerob c cond t ons. 4e observed that theyeast consumed sugar at a much faster rate under anaerob c cond t ons that td d under aerob c cond t ons. ;!pla n th s Pasteur eKect.

__ 1-1. Cou are runn ng ve m les to get some e!erc se. 'escr be how your musclecells are gett ng energy. ' scuss the processes nvolved and deta l the d Kerencesthat w ll occur at the start of your run and toward the end of your run.

__ 1-2. Br eLy descr be the three ma n steps of aerob c glucose metabol sm.

__ 1-". >esp rat on rates are measured by the amount of o!ygen per gram of t ssueand t was determ ned that a warm blooded mouse has 2.+ ml ? 2Ngramt ssueNhour whereas a cold blooded cray sh has a 8.8(0 ml ? 2Ngram t ssueNhour.6hy s there such a dramat c d Kerence7

__ 1-(. 3n the 15(8s% some phys c ans prescr bed low doses of a drug called

d n trophenol to help pat ents lose we ght. Th s unsafe method was abandonedafter a few pat ents d ed. '&P uncouples the chem osomot c mach nery bymak ng the l p d b layer of the nner m tochondr al membrane leaky to hydrogen

ons. ;!pla n how th s causes we ght loss.

__ 1-+. ;!pla n the relat onsh p among the resp ratory system% the c rculatory system%and cellular resp rat on. 4ow are they t ed together7

__ 1--. ________________________ s a ser es of react ons% occurr ng under aerob c

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cond t ons% n wh ch large amounts of ATP are produced.

__ 1-0. ost of the ATP produced dur ng cellular resp rat on s generated n the _____________ after the movement of hydrogen ons through ATP,synthes = ngprote ns n the nner membrane of the m tochondr on.

__ 1- . ______________________ s the process by wh ch hydrogen ons move v a aconcentrat on grad ent through ATP,synthes = ng en=ymes result ng n theproduct on of ATP.

__ 1-5. Br eLy compare and contrast the processes of cellular resp rat on andphotosynthes s.

__ 108. 4ow does the lack of o!ygen nLuence energy ava lab l ty n an mals7

__ 101. ost of the energy produced by the breakdown of glucose s released as ____________ and the rema n ng energy s converted to __________.

__ 102. The organelles respons ble for the bulk of ATP product on n cellular resp rat onare the ____________.

__ 10". 4ow does BakerGs yeast n bread dough make the bread r se7

__ 10(. 6hy s t mportant to regenerate &A' D molecules dur ng fermentat on7

__ 10+. __________ s the only state n glucose metabol sm that does not re$u re o!ygento proceed.

__ 10-. Two poss ble end products of fermentat on are __________ as s produced by ourmuscle cell under anaerob c cond t ons and __________ by yeast under anaerob ccond t ons.

__ 100. The convers on of glucose to lact c ac d s a form of _____________________.

__ 10 . Ceast n a bottle of champagne produce _______________ and _________________.