Canadian History

Warm Up 1/24

• What two countries settled Canada?– France and Great Britain

• What animal made them both want to settle there?– Beaver

Canadian History

I can & EQ

• I can explain the History of Canada.

• How have the French and English influenced the languages and religions of Canada?

Languages

• The Europeans that settled Canada came mostly from the countries of Great Britain and France.

• The people from Great Britain spoke English.

• The people from France spoke French.

English

• English speaking settlers moved all across Canada.

• Today, almost 70 percent of Canadians speak English as their first language of choice.

• One of the official languages today of the government and business in Canada is English.

French

• The French people settled in Canada also.

• Today, about 20 percent of the population of Canada speaks French as their first language.

• French is also an official language of Canada today.

• French is the only official language in Quebec today.

Language of Quebec

• Quebec was mostly settled by the French.

• Therefore, 81% of the people in Quebec use French as their first language.

• They advertise in both English and French, but the French word has to come first.

• The English word also has to be in smaller print than the French word.

Language of the Government

• Two official languages….English and French.

• In Canada, all government documents have to be written in English and French.

Religion of Canada

• French settlers were mostly Catholic. They settled in Quebec.

• English settlers were Protestant, non Catholic Christians, such as Baptist and Methodist.

• Today….

Quebec- 80% are Catholic

Canada- 44% are Catholic

Where did the settlers go?

• The French settlers settled in Quebec.

• The English settlers settled in the Hudson Bay Area.

• The first French colony in Quebec was in 1608.

• Samuel de Champlain was the explorer that established the first French colony in North America

How did Canada become an Independent Nation?

• It was through a series of negotiations over time. Here is how that happened.

French and Indian War

• The French and Indian (Great Britain also) War took place from 1754-1763.

• Great Britain won the war. Canada then became part of Great Britain in 1763.

• Many people came to Canada to settle.

• They were very interested in the natural resources, especially the beaver fur.

British North America Act of 1867

• In the mid 1860’s, people that had come to Canada wanted to become united.

• They wanted the British Parliament to give them a constitution that granted them the right to govern themselves.

• This act was created to bring together the provinces, establish a parliament and have a prime minister.

• The monarch was the same for Canada and Great Britain.

After World War I• Canadian soldiers were used by Great Britain in

the war. • Canadians decided they wanted more control in

their country.• When the war was over, they began to work on

getting their independence.• In 1931, the British Parliament gave Canada its

independence after many meetings.• However, it was 1982 before Canada was totally

free from the British Parliaments governing.• Today, both countries still share the same

monarch.

Terms to know

• Separatists- people in Quebec that want it to be an independent country.

• Loyalists- people that remained loyal to Great Britain.

• Northwest Passage- name of the route to Asia from Europe by cutting through Northern Canada.

Quebec’s Independence Movement

• Some people in Quebec

want it to be its own country.

• They are called separatist.

• They want to make sure their culture and French language is protected.

• The people have voted on this and decided for Quebec to stay a province, not a country.

Why Canada does not want Quebec to become its own country

• Quebec is very important to Canada because it has so many industries.

• The electronics and computer industries bring in a lot of revenue for the country.

• Most of the people in Canada do not want them to be their own country.

What the government has done for Quebec…

• They have passed laws protecting Quebec’s language and culture.

• The first law made Canada bilingual….English and French.

• They have also guaranteed them the right to practice their French heritage.