C++

Programming Concepts in C++ [Group Assignment]

Acknowledgement

We take this opportunity to express our gratitude to all the people who helped us to

accomplish this project. We owe our deepest gratitude and sincere thanks go to our

respected professor Ms Nazura and our head of the IT department Ms. Vishnupriya

Raghavan. This project would not have been completed without their valuable support and

guidance and motivation throughout the course.

In this opportunity we would also like to thank our institute, Bangalore Management

Academy (BMA), for providing us with all the required laboratory and library facilities for all

our references and for creating a very friendly atmosphere which as a whole helped us to

achieve our goal.

Asia Pacific University College of Technology and Innovation – Level 2 1


Table of contents

Acknowledgment_______________________________________________01

Introduction___________________________________________________03

Application C++________________________________________________04

Staff Personnel System__________________________________________06

Implementation________________________________________________08

OOPs concepts_________________________________________________08

Inheritance____________________________________________________09

Encapsulation__________________________________________________10

Class diagram__________________________________________________10

Test Strategies_________________________________________________13

Validations____________________________________________________15

Screens_______________________________________________________16

Conclusion____________________________________________________21

Bibliography___________________________________________________22



Introduction

C++ Language was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at AT&T Bell Laboratories in early

1980’s. But C++ language is still used by software developers or programmers for

developing software applications, device drivers for electronic hardware. The reasons behind

this are the powerful features of C++ like the Object Oriented Features allows developers or

programmers to build bigger programs with extensibility, simplicity and ease of maintenance.

C++ is a superset of C Language where important features that add to C Language are

classes, inheritance, function overloading and operator overloading. These features help in

creation of abstract data types, inherit properties from existing data types and also by

supporting polymorphism makes C++ fully Object Oriented Language.



Applications of C++

C++ is a versatile language for handling very large programs. It is suitable for virtually any

programming task including development of editors, compilers, databases, communication

system and any complex real-life application systems.

Since C++ allows us to create hierarchy-related objects, we can build special object-

oriented libraries which can be used later by many programmers.

While C++ is able to map the real world problem properly, the C part of C++ gives

the language the ability to get close to the machine-level details.

C++ programs are easily maintainable and expandable. When a new features needs to

be implemented, it is very easy to add to the existing structure of an object.

It is expected that C++ will replace C as general purpose language in near future.



Benefits of OOPs

Object Oriented Programming offers several benefits to both the programmer and the user.

Object Orientation helps in the development and quality of software products. The new

technology promises greater programmer productivity, better quality of software and lesser

maintenance cost. The principle advantages are:

Inheritance helps to eliminate redundant code and extend the use of existing classes.

Less development time and higher productivity.

Data hiding principle helps the programmer to build secure programs.

It is possible to have multiple instances of an object to co-exist without any inference.

New Data and functions can be easily added whenever necessary.

It is easy to partition the work in a project based on objects.

Software complexity can be easily managed.



Staff Personnel System

We have developed a Win32 console application to store, search, edit and view personnel

information of the staff in the company based on different access priority as mentioned in the

project. This application will be used by the Administrator, Human Resource personnel, and

the staff. The main purpose of this application is to store and edit the complete personal

record of each staff in the company. In addition as evidence of our project we have included,

a document to reflect the design of the implementation codes and the implementation details

that utilises the OOP concepts.

Objective

The main objective is to develop the practical ability to describe, to justify and implement an

object oriented system. The main purpose of this application is to store and edit the complete

personal record of each staff in the company.

Description and Justification

The Staff personnel management system is used to manage staff in an organisation where

different staff has different user levels to use the system. The scope of this system is that

we have three major levels of staff that is the normal staff, human resource and

Administrator. Each staff has a different permission level and actions they can perform.

The Staff can perform the following activities, where the priority of access is low

View personal details

Login / logout

Exit System

The Human resource Staff can perform the ones listed below

Exit System

Login / logout

Add Staff

View staff



Edit Staff

Search Staff

The Administrator have the highest level of authority in the system, amongst the activities the

administrative can perform are listed below:

Exit System

Login /logout

Add Staff and Human Resource Staff

View Staff and Human Resource Staff

Edit Staff and Human Resource Staff

Search Staff and Human Resource Staff



IMPLEMENTATION

Object Oriented Programming Concepts used:

A Class binds the data and its associated functions together. It allows the data and function to

be hidden, if necessary, from external use. Class has two parts:

1.) Class declaration describes the type and scope of its members.

2.) Class function describes how the class functions are implemented.

class Menus

{

private :

char choice;

char name[30];

char icNum[3];

char sName[30];

char gender[10];

char maritalstatus[20];

char nationality[20];

char department[20];

char designation[20];

char joinDate[10];

char sPassword[10];

char key;

public :

void mainmenu();///////////////////////Main Menu

void managesdata();////////////////////Manage Module

void searchModule();///////////////////Search Module

void linModule();//////////////////////Log In Module

void loutModule();/////////////////////Log out Module



void exitModule();/////////////////////Exit Module

void addStaff();///////////////////////Add Staff Module

void updateStaff();////////////////////Update Module

void getStaff();

void putStaff();

};

Inheritance

Inheritance is the process by which objects of one class acquire the properties of objects of

another class. It supports the concept of hierarchical classification. The principle behind this

sort of division is that each derived class shares common characteristics with the class from

which it is derived. Here in OOP, the concept provides the idea of reusability of code, so the

programmer or the user doesn’t have to write the same code repeatedly.

Inheritance involves subclasses and super classes. Subclasses are more specialized

versions of a class, which inherit attributes and behaviors from their parent classes, and can

introduce their own. Each subclass can alter its inherited traits.

class HumanResource : public Menus

{

public :

void hrmain();

};

class OStaff : public Menus

{

public:

void stfmain();

};



Encapsulation

The wrapping up of data and functions into a single unit is known as encapsulation. Data

encapsulation is the most striking feature of the class. The data is not accessible to the outside

world, only the functions wrapped in the class can access it. These provide the interface

between the object’s data and the program. This insulation of the data from direct access by

the program is called data hiding or information hiding.

void Menus::getStaff()

{

system("cls");

char gSchoice,gDchoice;

Menus gStaff;

cout<<"Add Staff"<<"\n";

cout<<"========="<<"\n";

cout<<"Staff Name__________: "; cin>>name;

cout<<"IC_Number___________: "; cin>>icNum;

cout<<"Gender______________: "; cin>>gender;

cout<<"Marritial Status____: "; cin>>maritalstatus;

cout<<"Nationality_________: "; cin>>nationality;

cout<<"\nSelect Department"<<"\n";

cout<<"+++++++++++++++++"<<"\n";

cout<<"1. IT "<<"\n";

cout<<"2. HR "<<"\n";

cout<<"3. Finance "<<"\n";

cout<<"4. Other "<<"\n\n";

cout<<"Enter your choice :";

cin>>gSchoice;

if(gSchoice=='1')



{

strcpy_s(department,"IT");

}

else if(gSchoice=='2')

{

strcpy_s(department,"HR");

}


{

strcpy_s(department,"Finance");

}


{

strcpy_s(department,"Other");

}

else

{

cout<<"error";

gStaff.addStaff();

}



Class Diagram



Test Strategies

TEST OPTION DESCRIPTIONEXPECTED

RESULTS

ACTUAL

RESULT

Login

Invalid username

and password.Access denied. As expected

Valid username and

passwordEnters to the System As expected

Administrator

Invalid inputSystem stays in the

same pageAs expected

Enter 1 for Manage

Staff Data

Enters to a menu for

adding, searching

and updating of staff

data

As expected

Enter 2 to LogoutLogs out to the login

pageAs expected

Enter 3 to ExitExits the system

with a confirmationAs expected

Manage Staff Data

(HR and

Administrator)



Enter 1 add staff

Displays a menu

where staff data is

entered with

different details

As expected

Enter 2 to Search Enters another menu

where a particular

staff data is viewed

and can be edited or

all staff data can be

As expected



viewed

Enter 3 to Go backGo back to the

previous menuAs expected

Search and Update

Staff Data()



Enter 1 to search

staff by name,

IC_Number,

Gender,

Designation,

Department etc

Display Staff Files

according to the

search selected

As expected

Enter 2 to search

whole staff data and

update if needed

Display all staff files

which is storedAs expected

Enter 3 to go backGo back to the

previous menuAs expected

Validations



Validation of password

if(strcmp (sName,"admin") == 0){

if(password==sPassword /*&& strcmp (name,sName) == 0*/){

cout<<"admin inside now\n";Menus::mainmenu();

}else{

cout<<"Incorrect Password";Menus::linModule();

}}

Validation of Search

fstream Myfile;Myfile.open ("Staff_Dat.txt",ios::in|ios::out);

while(!Myfile.eof()){

getline(Myfile,line);

while((offset = line.find(search,offset)) != string::npos) {

int g=Myfile.tellp();Myfile.seekg(offset-1);//name

Myfile.read((char *)&SA_Data, sizeof SA_Data);

SA_Data.putStaff();

offset = offset++;}

}

Myfile.close();

SCREENS



Add Data

Confirm Exit

Main menu



Main Screen 1

Manage Staff



Search By Name

Search by Main



Update Data

Updated Data



User Name Password

Conclusion



Software technology has evolved through a series of phases during the last five decades. Object Oriented Programming was invented to overcome the drawbacks of Procedure Oriented Programming.

Staff Personnel System development has helped us to learn about various aspects of OOP concepts in C++. Throughout this project we have gained a broad horizon of knowledge about the process of developing, designing and implementing a system through C++. The project as a whole has helped us build our knowledge in all the stages, procedures and rules involved developing the system.



Bibliography

Book

Balagurusamy 4rd Edition, 2010, Object oriented programming with C++ Tata McGraw Hill

India .

Online

C++ - OOPs Concepts ,http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/[accessed on 06th March 2011]


C++

Documents

complete personal

human resource

main purpose

innovation

programming

group assignment

language

object