BUSINESS CHINESE GRASSROOT INNOVATION

BUSINESS CHINESEGRASSROOT INNOVATION

Aravind GChandrakant Anuse

Ostrowski Christopher BenjaminAnil G

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INNOVATION DEFINED

Involves thinking differently, creatively and insightfully

Enables solutions/ inventions that have an impact on social and economic value

Fulfills unmet needs, not met by conventional products/processes/ institutional forms

Moving beyond R&D to mean new applications of old technologies, new processes & structures, organisational creativity & more…

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•Products •Services•Processes •Organization •Governance •Social sector •Urban/Rural

•Public•National•International•Private Sector/ NGO•Individual•Institution•Big/ Small

Innovations redefine everything

INNOVATION DEFINED

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INNOVATIONS

People, Culture, Diversity, Ecosystem & Opportunities drive Innovations

Innovations are required to develop new Products, Services, Markets, reduce Costs, improve Efficiency, Productivity, Performance, Quality, etc

Innovations are the key to Growth, Prosperity & Problem solving world over

Grassroots InnovationsCharacteristics, Causes and Types

Characteristics In terms of subject, grassroots innovation is a bottom up innovation starting from the grassroots wherein grassroots refers to disadvantaged class as opposed to mainstream elite In terms of motive, grassroots innovations are spontaneous and interest driven In terms of method, grassroots innovation advance gradually starting from direct experience In terms of type, grassroots innovation is the practical low-cost innovation based on technology

Causes•Need (Necessity is the mother of all inventions)•Negligence by the mainstream•Cost•Expertise (Acumen)•Practical Knowledge: We could produce good seeds and poultry even before we knew about DNA •There exists a market for Frugal Solutions

Hindrances•Lack of education/support/opportunity•Traditional learning system•Preference to JOBS•Society/Family/Peers

Innovation is about thinking and creating solutions with an uncommon perspective, that tend to positively impact the environment, both socially and economically.

INNOVATION PILLARS

InnovationsFrameworks and Types

CURRENT EFFORTS Many players on Multiple fronts:

National Innovation Foundation

Honey Bee Network

Society for Research and Initiatives for Sustainable Technologies and Institutions (SRISTI)

Council for Scientific & Industrial Research

Tata Institute of Fundamental Research

Education Institutions like IISc, IITs, IIMs, etc

Technology and Business Incubators

New Millennium Indian Technology Leadership Initiative

Department of Science and Technology (DST) and more ….

CURRENT EFFORTS Techno Entrepreneurs Promotion Program

Technology Development Board (TDB)

Home Grown Technology Program (HGT)

AYUSH: Ayurveda Yoga Naturopathy Unani Siddha and Homeopathy

GIAN: Grassroots Innovation Augmentation Network

FRLHT: Foundation for Revitalization of Local Health Traditions

TERI: The Energy and Research Institute

CII,FICCI, AIMA and others

And many more at national & state levels in Government & private sector

SOME CHALLENGES

The researchers in R&D per million people in 2006:

India (119), China (715), South Korea (3723), US (4628) and Japan (5300)

R&D expenditure - 0.8 per cent of GDP

Education , skill & infrastructure need new investments

Need more productivity from the existing institutions

Linkages between academia, research and industry need to be Strengthened

Innovations in Design need to be expedited: India’s output in new designs 39 vs. 53,000 in China in 2002

CHALLENGES: SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY India Ranked 119 of 149 countries in the 2004 Science Citation

Index India produces only 6,000 PhDs a year in science and 1,000 in

engineering Less than 20 % of public support for R&D is for civilian

applications Indian Institute of Technology was granted 3-6 patents a year

compared with 64 for the Stanford and 102 for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (McKinsey)

According to WIPO statistics (2009) India was granted 7,539 patents while the equivalent number for Japan was 1,64,954, the US was 1,57,283, the Republic of Korea was 1,23,705, and China was 67,948

In 2006, India had 119 researchers in R&D per million people, while China had 715, South Korea had 3723, US had 4628 and Japan had 5300

GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS: S&T

SOME OPPORTUNITIES Organisational flexibility Increased collaborations Patent protection Young talent pool Diaspora talent pool Traditional knowledge based Products & Services Low cost robust Broadband ICT infrastructure Grassroots/low cost innovations Inclusive/BOP/Scalable innovations Global markets

STRATEGY

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INNOVATION PENTAGON

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STRATEGY Provide broader PLATFORM for Innovations everywhere to include:

1. Products

2. Services

3. Organisations & Institutions

4. Processes

5. Research and Development

6. Science & Technology

7. Governance

8. Social and Cultural

9. Mindset

10. National/ State/ Sectoral Councils

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STRATEGY Encourage Innovations for INCLUSION aimed at the

Bottom Of the Pyramid:

1. Awareness

2. Access

3. Affordability

4. Availability

5. Scalability

6. Sustainability

7. Quality

8. Pervasive Growth

9. Innovations for/by the people

10. Innovations for the BOP

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STRATEGY Foster necessary ECO SYSTEM

1. Incentives & Awards

2. Innovation clusters at universities

3. Innovative business clusters

4. Innovation in MSMEs

5. Organisational Autonomy & Flexibility

6. Policies & Programmes

7. New Institutions

8. Risk/ Venture Capital

9. IPR/ Patents

10. Web & ICT as tools

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STRATEGY Focus on DRIVERS

1. Multidisciplinary

2. Collaborative

3. Disruptive

4. Generational Change vs. Incremental Change

5. Durable vs. Disposable

6. Need vs. Demand

7. Nature as Nurture

8. Locally Relevant

9. Globally Connected and Competitive

10.Focus at the Edge

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STRATEGY Expand Space for Discourse on Innovation in the country

by:

1. Discussions

2. Debates

3. Seminars

4. Conferences

5. Best Practices

6. Subversive Dialogue

7. Irreverent Dialogue

8. New Ideas

9. Media

10. Innovation Portal

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Disparity

- Rich & Poor- Urban & rural- Educated & Uneducated

Demography

- 550 million below 25 years - Health, Nutrition- Education, Jobs

Development

- Expedite the process & create new methods & new models

MULTIPLE DEMANDS

Female literacy

Infant mortality

Water & Sanitation

Food & Nutrition

Health for all

Education for all

Alternate energy

Droughts & Floods

Security & Safety

MULTIPLE DEMANDS

Scientific Temper

Implementation

Improved services

Better Governance

District level Development

Maintenance

Dignity of Labor

Process Re-engineering…

And More…..

ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY

Technology as a tool for problem solving

Technology an entry point to increase

ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY

ROLE OF GOVERNMENT Government can:

Drive innovation through education policy and skill development

Improve governance and re-engineer public service delivery by innovating within its own structures

Create a roadmap for Inclusive Innovation Facilitate connections between universities,

manufacturers, users and regulators Drive high quality research, basic research & Business

Innovations Bring appropriate Defense research to consumer market Promote Innovative Policies & Places Provide appropriate infrastructures Facilitate exchange of innovations between public and

private sectors Initiate Nation wide innovation movement

SOME INNOVATIVE INITIATIVES BY GOVERNMENT

Need improved processes, coordination, collaboration, communication & implementation

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CONSULTATIONS Government

Political Parties Ministry of S&T Science Advisory Council to

the PM HRD Ministry of Information and

Communications Technology Ministry of Health and Family

Welfare Ministry of Railways Ministry of Law and Justice NIC Planning Commission PMO State Governments

Professionals Indian Science Community

and associations Indian Industry Associations

– CII, FICCI, AIMA, etc. Think Tanks and Innovation

Organizations NGOs Multilateral Agencies

Regional/ National/ International Consultations

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UNIQUE WINDOW OF OPPORTUNITY

Redefine Innovation Paradigm beyond R&D Focus on Inclusive Innovations Create innovation roadmaps across sectors Create necessary ecosystem, talent & funding Use ICT/Web as entry point for delivery Build scalable and sustainable Indian model

10 HP Mini Tractor10 HP Mini Tractor

Motor Protection Device

The only one of its kind multi-feature protection device

•Prevents motors from burn-outs from 21 potential fault conditions which can occur like:

OverheatingDry runPhase reversalVoltage fluctuationsProvides earth protection and auto starter

•Suitable for working with motors from 3HP to 100 HP range

•Modular design, therefore ease in customization

Buttonhole Making Machine

•Radically simple design ensuring high degree of maintainability

•Designed with the tailoring business in mind

•Capacity of 100-120 buttonholes per hour

•Full shuttle mechanism with 96 stitches per buttonhole

•The technology is at incubation stage and needs design and technology value addition

Motorcycle Driven Plough•Attachment which converts a motorcycle into a “mini-tractor”

•Capable of doing agriculture operations like:

CultivatingPloughingSpraying (with a special attachment)

•Easy assembly and disengagement - convertibility time about 15 minutes

•A highly economical machine for small farmers and ideal for bullet owners

•Immense market opportunity given the large number of bullet motorcycles operational in villages of India

•Price of the attachment – Rs. 20,000

WHAT A PARTICIPANT IS REQUIRED TO DO :

To pick up any such grassroots innovation Brief description about the process or scientific principle

laying behind the technology It’s advantages , limitations & constraints. How that technology can be up scaled or the potential

areas of its application What technical or any other improvements could be

possible ( if at all possible) Economics of the operation (/installation) Whether the technology is sustainable!

WEBSITES Official website: www.iii.gov.in National Innovation Council: www.innovationcouncil.gov.in National Knowledge Commission:

www.knowledgecommission.gov.in National Knowledge Network: http://www.nkn.in/Portals National Innovation Portal: www.innovation.gov.in India Biodiversity Portal: www.indiabiodiversity.org Teachers of India: www.teachersofindia.org India Environment Portal: www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in India Energy Portal: www.indiaenergyportal.org India Water Portal: www.indiawaterportal.orgSocial Media: Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/pages/New-Delhi-India/Adviser-

to-the-PM-on-Public-Information-Infrastructure-and-Innovations/100738043327407?v=wall

Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/iii

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THANK YOU

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