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Page 1: Bulgaria
Page 2: Bulgaria

“The Bulgars, a Central Asian Turkic tribe, merged with the local Slavic inhabitants in the late 7th century to form the first Bulgarian

state. In succeeding centuries, Bulgaria struggled with the Byzantine Empire to assert its place in the Balkans, but by the end of the 14th

century the country was overrun by the Ottoman Turks. Northern Bulgaria attained autonomy in 1878 and all of Bulgaria became

independent from the Ottoman Empire in 1908. Having fought on the losing side in both World Wars, Bulgaria fell within the Soviet sphere

of influence and became a People's Republic in 1946. Communist domination ended in 1990, when Bulgaria held its first multiparty election since World War II and began the contentious process of moving toward political democracy and a market economy while combating inflation, unemployment, corruption, and crime. The

country joined NATO in 2004 and the EU in 2007.” – www.cia.gov

Page 3: Bulgaria

The pan-Slavic white-blue-red colors were modified by substituting a green band (representing freedom) for the blue

Note: the national emblem, formerly on the hoist side of the white stripe, has been removed

Independence:• 3 March 1878 (as an autonomous principality within the

Ottoman Empire)• 22 September 1908 (complete independence from the

Ottoman Empire) National Holiday: Liberation Day, 3 March (1878) Constitution: adopted on 12 July 1991 Legal system: civil and criminal law based on Roman

law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations

Page 4: Bulgaria

Invention of the bacteria used to make yogurt (Bacillus Bulgaricus)

“http://bacillusbulgaricus.com/lactobacillus-bulgaricus.htm 

One of the world’s biggest rose oil producers

Cultivate of a special kind of roses that is widely used for perfumes worldwide

Page 5: Bulgaria

Country location:• Southeastern Europe, bordering

the Black Sea, between Romania and Turkey

• Geographic coordinates: 43 00 N, 25 00 E

Capital city: Sofia• geographic coordinates: 42 41 N,

23 19 E Time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours

ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Largest cities: Blagoevgrad, Burgas, Dobrich, Kurdzhali, Pleven, Plovdiv, Ruse, Sliven, Stara Zagora, Varna, Vidin

Page 6: Bulgaria

Administrative divisions:• 28 provinces (oblasti, singular - oblast);

Blagoevgrad, Burgas, Dobrich, Gabrovo, Khaskovo, Kurdzhali, Kyustendil, Lovech, Montana, Pazardzhik, Pernik, Pleven, Plovdiv, Razgrad, Ruse, Shumen, Silistra, Sliven, Smolyan, Sofiya, Sofiya-Grad (Sofia City), Stara Zagora, Turgovishte, Varna, Veliko Turnovo, Vidin, Vratsa, Yambol

Comparative Area: slightly larger than Tennessee

Boundaries by country:• Greece 494 km• Macedonia 148 km• Romania 608 km• Serbia 318 km• Turkey 240 km• 354 km coastline

Current weather is temperate; with cold, damp winters and hot, dry summers

Terrain is mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast

• Lowest point: Black Sea 0 m• Highest point: Musala 2,925 m

Page 7: Bulgaria

Nationality: [noun] Bulgarian(s), [adjective] Bulgarian

Ethnic Structure (2001 census):• Bulgarian 83.9%• Turk 9.4%• Roma 4.7%• Other 2% (including Macedonian,

Armenian, Tatar, Circassian) Religion (2001 census):

• Bulgarian Orthodox 82.6%• Muslim 12.2%• Other Christian 1.2%• Other 4%

Language (2001 census):• Bulgarian* (official) 84.5%• Turkish 9.6%• Roma 4.1%• Other and unspecified 1.8%

*Bulgarian is written in the Cyrillic Alphabet [like Russian]

Coat of arms of Bulgaria(from Wikipedia)

Coat of arms of Bulgaria(from Wikipedia)

Page 8: Bulgaria

Hiking and skiing• Winter tourist centers (ski resorts): Borovetz, Bansko, Pamporovo and Vitosha

Sea resorts• Summer resorts: Sozopol, Nessebur, Golden Sands, Sunny Beach, Sveti Vlas,

Albena, Saints Constantine and Helena Night life

• Night and disco clubs Ethno, cultural and historical tourism

• "ethno-tourism" and "architectural-cultural" tourism gaining ground / specialized tours

• Mountain climbing: Rila, Pirin and Balkan Mountains.• Hikers: Vitosha and the Rhodopes Mountains• Mountain biking / bicycle racing (Bulgaria is one of only six countries to annually

host the official 1,200 km Randonnees - ultra-marathon bicycle rides patterned after Paris–Brest–Paris.

History• Many museums and monasteries need advertisement and maintenance• Some sites may be difficult to reach, due to poor infrastructure.• Some visitors prefer experiencing history first-hand over looking at things in a

museum If you are traveling in a big city after dark, please use your

common sense.

Page 9: Bulgaria

One of two countries that practices "martenitsa,” a tradition where people welcome spring by wearing red and white on March 1st

Only place in the world where “Yes” and “No” head shakes are reversed• Up-and-down for no• Left-to-right for yes

Rose picking has many associated traditions and festivals• http://www.rose-festival.com/

Page 10: Bulgaria

Internet country code is .bg Exchange rates :

• Leva (BGN) per US dollar:1.4352 (2009) Many people can speak Russian and English in

addition to Bulgarian, especially in cities or popular tourist areas

Diplomatic representation from the US:• Chief of mission: Ambassador James B. WARLICK, Jr• Embassy: 16 Kozyak Street, Sofia 1407• Mailing address: American Embassy Sofia, US

Department of State, 5740 Sofia Place, Washington, DC 20521-5740

• Telephone: [359] (2) 937-5100• FAX: [359] (2) 937-5320

Page 11: Bulgaria

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html (Accessed Nov 29, 2010 - page last updated on November 9, 2010)

Wikipedia

S. Georgieva, a native Bulgarian, currently residing in Moldova

10th-11th century manuscript Codex Zographensis, one of the earliest

examples of the Old Bulgarian language

(from Wikipedia)

10th-11th century manuscript Codex Zographensis, one of the earliest

examples of the Old Bulgarian language

(from Wikipedia)

Page 12: Bulgaria

• Здравей.• Здрасти.• Добро утро.• Добър ден.• Добър вечер.• Лека нощ.• Довиждане.• Как се казваш? • Как сте?

• Да.• Не.• Може би.• Добре съм.• Благодаря.• Моля.• Моля.• Извинете!• Извинявай!• Колко е часът?• Говорите ли…?

• …английски

• …руски

• Hello.• Hi.• Good morning.• Good day.• Good evening.• Good night.• Good-bye.• What is your name? (informal)• How are you? [formal, and also plural

form] • Yes.• No.• Maybe.• I’m fine.• Thank you. [formal and informal] • Please.• You're welcome.• Excuse me! [formal] • Sorry! [informal] • What’s the time?• Do you speak…?

• English

• Russian

•(zdravéy)•(zdrásti)•(dobró útro)•(dóbər dén)•(dóbər vécher)•(léka nósht)•(dovízhdane)•(kak se kazvash)•(kák sté)

•(dá)•(né)•(mózhe bí)•(dobré səm)•(blagodaryəX)•(mólya)• (mólia)•(izvinéte)•(izvinyávai)•(kólko e chasəXt)•(govórite li…)

•… (anglíyski)•… (ruski)