Boundaries and Borders Global Studies - Damon - 2018 Can you guess which international borders these are? Former Berlin Wall between East & West Germany Israel & Palestinian Territories India & China (Tibet) U.S. & Mexico near Tijuana North & South Korea at DMZ Netherlands & Belgium
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Boundaries and Borders
Global Studies - Damon - 2018
Can you guess which international borders these are?
Former Berlin Wall between East & West Germany
Israel & Palestinian Territories India & China (Tibet)
U.S. & Mexico near Tijuana North & South Korea at DMZ Netherlands & Belgium
Boundaries Vertical Planes Extending Below Ground
and into Airspace
The Law of the Sea
• Territorial waters: 12 nautical miles from coastline• Exclusive Economic Zone: 200 nautical miles from
coastline (fishing, mining, etc. allowed)
1 nautical mile = 1.15078 miles
Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs)
Inside their EEZ, countries have exclusive rights to fishing, mining, wind power generation, etc.
Establishing Boundaries - 4 Step Process
• Define: create legal description
• Delimit: map
• Demarcate: mark with fence, wall, etc.
• Administrate: maintain, monitor crossing of people and goods
U.S. - Mexico Israel - West Bank
Types of Boundaries
• Geometric: straight lines• Physical: follow natural features
–mountain ranges, deserts, waterways
• Cultural: follow cultural features–ethnicity, language, religion
Which Type of Boundary?
Pyrenees Mountains form physical boundary between
Spain and France.
Which Type of Boundary?
Cultural boundary divides Ireland and N. Ireland (U.K.). Ireland = Catholic, N. Ireland = Protestant.
Which Type of Boundary?
Most of U.S. - Canada border is a geometric boundary following 49°N line of latitude. The Great Lakes form a physical
boundary.
Boundary Related Problems Often Occur When International Boundaries Clash with
Cultural Boundaries
Geometric, Not Cultural Boundaries = Trouble
Example:
Boundaries of many Middle East states (countries)
Boundary Related Problems Often Occur When International Boundaries Clash with Cultural Boundaries
Geometric, Not Cultural Boundaries = Trouble.
Example:
Boundaries of many Africanstates (countries)
Scramble for Africa
Common Types of Boundary Disputes
• Definitional: dispute about legal description
• Locational: dispute about mapping or marking
• Operational: dispute about how boundary is maintained or monitored
• Allocational: dispute about resources that straddle boundary– Oil, coal, water, etc.
Frontier RegionsZone where no country has complete control
Example:
Federally Administrated Tribal Areas (FATA) between Pakistan & Afghanistan
Frontier Regions
Example:
Antarctica is governed by a 1959 treaty signed by 46 countries. Military use and mining are prohibited.