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Boundaries and Borders Global Studies - Damon - 2018 Can you guess which international borders these are? Former Berlin Wall between East & West Germany Israel & Palestinian Territories India & China (Tibet) U.S. & Mexico near Tijuana North & South Korea at DMZ Netherlands & Belgium
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Boundaries and Borders - Global Studies

Jan 22, 2018

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S. Damon
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Page 1: Boundaries and Borders - Global Studies

Boundaries and Borders

Global Studies - Damon - 2018

Can you guess which international borders these are?

Former Berlin Wall between East & West Germany

Israel & Palestinian Territories India & China (Tibet)

U.S. & Mexico near Tijuana North & South Korea at DMZ Netherlands & Belgium

Page 2: Boundaries and Borders - Global Studies

Boundaries Vertical Planes Extending Below Ground

and into Airspace

Page 3: Boundaries and Borders - Global Studies

The Law of the Sea

• Territorial waters: 12 nautical miles from coastline• Exclusive Economic Zone: 200 nautical miles from

coastline (fishing, mining, etc. allowed)

1 nautical mile = 1.15078 miles

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Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs)

Inside their EEZ, countries have exclusive rights to fishing, mining, wind power generation, etc.

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Establishing Boundaries - 4 Step Process

• Define: create legal description

• Delimit: map

• Demarcate: mark with fence, wall, etc.

• Administrate: maintain, monitor crossing of people and goods

U.S. - Mexico Israel - West Bank

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Types of Boundaries

• Geometric: straight lines• Physical: follow natural features

–mountain ranges, deserts, waterways

• Cultural: follow cultural features–ethnicity, language, religion

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Which Type of Boundary?

Pyrenees Mountains form physical boundary between

Spain and France.

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Which Type of Boundary?

Cultural boundary divides Ireland and N. Ireland (U.K.). Ireland = Catholic, N. Ireland = Protestant.

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Which Type of Boundary?

Most of U.S. - Canada border is a geometric boundary following 49°N line of latitude. The Great Lakes form a physical

boundary.

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Boundary Related Problems Often Occur When International Boundaries Clash with

Cultural Boundaries

Geometric, Not Cultural Boundaries = Trouble

Example:

Boundaries of many Middle East states (countries)

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Boundary Related Problems Often Occur When International Boundaries Clash with Cultural Boundaries

Geometric, Not Cultural Boundaries = Trouble.

Example:

Boundaries of many Africanstates (countries)

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Scramble for Africa

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Common Types of Boundary Disputes

• Definitional: dispute about legal description

• Locational: dispute about mapping or marking

• Operational: dispute about how boundary is maintained or monitored

• Allocational: dispute about resources that straddle boundary– Oil, coal, water, etc.

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Frontier RegionsZone where no country has complete control

Example:

Federally Administrated Tribal Areas (FATA) between Pakistan & Afghanistan

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Frontier Regions

Example:

Antarctica is governed by a 1959 treaty signed by 46 countries. Military use and mining are prohibited.

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The Last Frontier?