Biomaterial Obs

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BIOMATERIALIN ORTHOPAEDICS

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OUTLINE

Defnisi Sejarah Karateristik Biomaterial

Biocompatiilit! Biomaterial Science Contoh Pen""#naan Biomaterials

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Defnisi

$aterial %ari #ns#r alam !an" telah %iolah

se%emikian r#pa !an" %i"#nakan #nt#kkeperl#an men""antikan ata#menin"katkan &#n"si or"an %an jarin"anman#sia'

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Sejarah

(eih %ari )*** tah#n !l oran" Roma+i,China, memakai emas %lm i%an"ke%ok'"i"i'

-./0 Pol!1meth!l methacr!late2 1P$$A2m#lai %iperkenalkan %alam ke%ok'"i"i'

-.3* Charnle! men""#nakan P$$A,#ltrahi"h4molec#lar4+ei"ht pol!eth!len%, %an

stainless steal #nt#k total hip replacement'akhir-.3* 5 a+al -.0* i%an" iomaterialsemakin erkeman"'

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Karakteristik 

S!arat 6isikHar%78e9ile $aterials'

Resisten terha%ap korosi %an

%e"ra%asi #ns#r' S!arat kimia+i

 Ti%ak oleh ereaksi %en"an

 jarin"an t##h apap#n Har#s non4to9ic

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Metals

SemicondctorMaterials

!eramics

"ol#mers

S#ntheticBIOMATERIALS

Ortho$edicscre%s&f'ation

DentalIm$lants DentalIm$lants

(eart

)al)es

Bonere$lacements

BiosensorsIm$lanta*leMicroelectrodes

Skin&cartila+eDr+

Deli)er#De)ices

Oclarim$lants

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Biocom$ati*ilit#

Kemamp#an %ari se#ah material#nt#k ti%ak menim#lkan responiolo"is %en"an ti%ak menim#lkanrespon toksis,ce%era leih %alam %anrespon im#nolo"is %ari jarin"an hi%#p%isekitarn!a'◦ San"at %itent#kan oleh str#kt#r kimia+i !a

a%a %i material !an" %i"#nakan'

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Reaksi terhada$Biomaterial Thromosis Hemol!sis In8ammation

In&ection an% Sterili:ation Carcino"enesis H!persensiti;it! S!stemic E<ects

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!ontoh $en++naan Biomaterial,$ada T(R-

Da hal $entin+ dalam menem$elkan materialke tlan+

-2 Posisi "eometris %an %esain material

%ari perm#kaan sen%i)2 %esain %ari pertem#an perm#kaan

antara sen%i #atan %an t#lan"sekitarn!a'

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using a Polymethylmethacrylate

(PMMA) cement to adhere the

metal to the bone

using a porous metal

surface to create a bone

ingrowth interface

Metoda $enem$elan $ermkaanim$lan dan tlan+

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The two materials are

bonded and equal force is

applied to both

Load trans.er $ada materialim$lan #an+ di+nakan

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Im$lant *ondin+

 A bonded interface is

characteristic of a

cemented prosthesis

(left)

non-bonded interface is

characteristic of a non-

cemented press fit

prosthesis (right)

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 The material>s capailit! to +ithstan%

e9ternal &orces can e %escrie%, there&ore,in terms o& the %istri#tion o& internal &orces"enerate% ! the material 1the stress2 an%the res#ltin" %e&ormation 1the strain2'

Stress )s Strain ,elastic*eha)ior-

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Stress? (oa%7l#as area @ Ne+ton7m)

Strain? elon"ation7panjan" area !" %i#k#r seel#mterkena "a!a @ micron7mm @ microstrain

Stress 7 Strain @ $o%#l#s Elasticit! 1i"aPascal2

$o%#l#s o& Elasticit! akan konstan #nt#k tiap)material,%an k#r;a stress7strain erent#k linier'

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!om$arison/ Modls o.Elasticit#

Modulus of elasticity of different implant materials and bone (in GPa)

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 ika loa% ter#s menin"kat, k#r;aStress7strain akan ti%ak la"i linier, %an ilaloa% %ilepas, material akan men"alamiplastic %e&ormation 1permanent%e&ormation2'

$aterial men"alami titik jen#h #nt#kkemali elastis'

 Titik jen#h ini %apat menent#kan kriteriake"a"alan 1&ail#re2 %ari se#ah material

"lastic Beha)ior

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 Ti%ak sem#a material memiliki plasticeha;ior

 Titik &ail#re eerapa material lan"s#n"terja%i saat titik jen#h elastisitas tercapai'

$aterial !an" memp#n!ai si&at seperti ini%ise#t rittle material'

Contoh? P$$A 1Polymethylmethacrylate)

Dctile 0erss BrittleBeha)ior

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Plate, men"alami kominasi eerapa "a!asea"ai loa% n!a, semisal a9ial compressi;eloa%, en%in" loa%, e9ternal torF#e'

Data %ari tes) !an" %ilak#kan terha%apeerapa material %apat %i"#nakan #nt#kmemperkirakan titik &ail#re %ari material!an" %i"#nakan'

!om*ined Stress States

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 ika se#ah plate %i pasan" %en"an loa% %ariera"ai i%an", plate terse#t %ikatakanisotropic ila men%apatkan "a!a !an" sama%i / i%an"

Isotro$ic 0s Anisotro$icBeha)ior

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Si&at s#at# material !an" men"hamatkarakter ;isco#s %an elastic %ari materialterse#t saat men"alami per#ahan

ent#k' $o;ements o& molec#les ? Creep

)iscoelasticit#

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6ail#re criteria, Giel% 5 ltimate stren"th $a9im#m tolerale loa%

1ati2e