Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology Midterm Exam MTX 2 Session: Section: Class Location: Days / Time: Instructor: SM 2017 71203 3 Units NVC 1436 MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM RIDDELL 1 of 21 BIO 112 SM 2017 71203 MTX 2 Q 170710.1.doc Chapter Number 9 City Living 1. Which event (s) corresponded with a rapid increase in the population growth rate of Las Vegas, NV? a) the end of World War II b) completion of the trans-continental railroad c) construction of the Hoover Dam d) recent climate change e) all of these choices are correct 2. Which of the following problems is commonly shared by cities in both highly developed and developing countries? a) lack of adequate medical facilities b) lack of adequate clean water c) lack of adequate technology d) lack of adequate schools e) lack of adequate shelter 3. Mexico City: a) is representative of urbanization in a developing country. b) is a good example of a megacity c) was one of the 10 largest cities in the world in 2005 d) had a population of 19.4 million in 2005 e) all of these choices are correct 4. What percentage of the U.S. population lives in cities? a) 25% b) 50% c) 79% d) 85% e) 100% 5. Urbanization: a) is growing more quickly in developing countries than in developed countries. b) currently accounts for housing about 75% of the global population. c) results in fewer employment opportunities in developed countries as compared to rural areas. d) refers to the migration of city people to the country to enjoy country living. e) describes a grouping of 10,000 or more individuals.
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Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
Session:
Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
1 of 21 BIO 112 SM 2017 71203 MTX 2 Q 170710.1.doc
Chapter Number 9 City Living
1. Which event (s) corresponded with a rapid increase in the population growth rate of Las Vegas, NV?
a) the end of World War II
b) completion of the trans-continental railroad
c) construction of the Hoover Dam
d) recent climate change
e) all of these choices are correct
2. Which of the following problems is commonly shared by cities in both highly developed and developing countries?
a) lack of adequate medical facilities
b) lack of adequate clean water
c) lack of adequate technology
d) lack of adequate schools
e) lack of adequate shelter
3. Mexico City:
a) is representative of urbanization in a developing country.
b) is a good example of a megacity
c) was one of the 10 largest cities in the world in 2005
d) had a population of 19.4 million in 2005
e) all of these choices are correct
4. What percentage of the U.S. population lives in cities?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 79%
d) 85%
e) 100%
5. Urbanization:
a) is growing more quickly in developing countries than in developed countries.
b) currently accounts for housing about 75% of the global population.
c) results in fewer employment opportunities in developed countries as compared to rural areas.
d) refers to the migration of city people to the country to enjoy country living.
e) describes a grouping of 10,000 or more individuals.
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
Session:
Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
2 of 21 BIO 112 SM 2017 71203 MTX 2 Q 170710.1.doc
6. The young age structure of urban areas can be attributed to:
a) high birth rates in urban areas
b) influx of young people from rural areas
c) high death rates in urban areas
d) the presence of more females than males in urban areas
e) shortened life expectancy of urban dwellers
7. The process in which people increasingly move from rural areas to densely populated cities is termed:
a) high density accommodation
b) rural redistribution
c) urbanization
d) metropolitan relocation
e) municipality magnetism
8. What is gentrification?
a) The movement of wealthier people back to older, run-down homes that have been renovated.
b) The remaining people in the city and older suburbs who find themselves the victims of declining property values and increasing isolation from suburban jobs
c) The movement of more affluent citizens to the suburbs to avoid the noise and pollution of inner cities.
d) The remaining of people in the inner city because of prejudice encountered when they seek to move out to suburban neighborhoods
e) The movement of people to the suburbs to pay less in terms of taxes but more in terms of transportation costs.
9. Transportation has affected the spatial structures of cities because:
a) as cities grow, a grid must be maintained for street development
b) as cities grow, a plan must be in place to evenly distribute the accumulation of heat from automobile use
c) as cities grow, they expand along public transportation routes
d) as cities grow, they expand in the direction of waterways
e) as cities grow, the dependence on transportation is lessened
10. A program in Curitiba, Brazil which pays bus tokens, surplus food, or school supplies for filled garbage bags is:
a) Trash to Treasure Program
b) Rubbish Reward Program
c) Debris Barter Program
d) Garbage Purchase Program
e) Waste Watchers Program
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
Session:
Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
3 of 21 BIO 112 SM 2017 71203 MTX 2 Q 170710.1.doc
Chapter Number 10 Energy Sources and Uses
11. Compared to energy use practices hundreds of years ago, modern societies:
a) rely less on fossil fuels b) rely more on biomass c) rely more on local sources d) rely more on highly concentrated sources e) rely more on biomass and rely more on local sources
12. Which of the following correctly lists solar, nuclear and crude oil energy sources from most to least versatile?
a) crude oil > solar > nuclear b) crude oil > nuclear > solar c) solar > crude oil > nuclear d) solar > nuclear > crude oil e) nuclear > solar > crude oil Section Reference 1: 10.1 Energy Consumption and Policy
13. Which of the following is a completely clean energy source? a) coal b) nuclear c) solar d) none of these choices is correct Section Reference 1: 10.1 Energy Consumption and Policy
14. Fill in the blank. Although _____ of the world’s population lived in highly developed countries in 2014, they consumed _____ of the commercial energy produced worldwide.
a) 15%, 65% b) 20%, 60% c) 30%, 50% d) 30%, 60% e) 40%, 70%
15. Which of the following is a true statement regarding the global increase in energy use since 1982?
a) China now consumes more energy than the United States. b) Energy use in the United States and Japan has increased dramatically in the last five years. c) Recent increases in global energy use are on the order of 4.5%. d) Increases in energy use are distributed relatively equally across the globe.
16. Which country has the highest rate of per capita energy use? a) United States b) China c) Japan d) Germany
17. Which of the following practices will increase energy efficiency? a) turning off lights when not in use b) changing incandescent light bulbs to compact fluorescent light bulbs c) lighting fewer rooms in the house d) turning off lights when not in use and lighting fewer rooms in the house
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
Session:
Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
4 of 21 BIO 112 SM 2017 71203 MTX 2 Q 170710.1.doc
18. Compared to development of new energy sources, energy efficiency and energy conservation: a) cost less b) improve the economy’s productivity c) save energy for future use d) all of these choices are correct e) cost less and improve the economy’s productivity
19. Which term below is defined as “The amount of available energy in a source that is transmitted into useful work”?
a) energy waste b) energy production c) energy use d) energy conservation e) energy efficiency
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
Session:
Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
5 of 21 BIO 112 SM 2017 71203 MTX 2 Q 170710.1.doc
Chapter Number: 11 Fossil Fuels
20. Which of the following statements regarding fossil fuel formation is true? Mark all that apply.
a) The sun is the ultimate source of the energy they contain b) They are formed at a much slower rate than they are currently being consumed c) They are formed in an oxygen-rich environment d) They are composed of the remnants of ancient organisms e) They require millions of years to form
21. Which of these fossil fuels was/were formed from the remains of ancient microscopic algae and aquatic organisms?
a) oil b) natural gas c) gas hydrates d) methane e) all of these
22. Which of these fossil fuels is composed primarily of methane? a) oil b) natural gas c) coal d) tar sands e) lignite
23. Combustion of which of these fossil fuels is/are linked to global warming? a) oil b) natural gas c) coal d) methane e) All of these
24. Which fossil fuel reserves will most likely last the longest? a) oil b) natural gas c) coal d) peat e) tar sands
25. Which fossil fuel is most abundant in USA? a) oil b) natural gas c) uranium d) coal e) tar sands
26. The type of fossil fuel made from the remains of ancient plants that lived millions of years ago is a) peat b) coal c) oil d) natural gas e) synfuels
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
Session:
Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
6 of 21 BIO 112 SM 2017 71203 MTX 2 Q 170710.1.doc
27. In 2004, China used 6,684 barrels of oil per day. This was 15.8% more than they used in 2003.
If the rate of increase stays the same, how many total bbls of oil are they using today use in 2016?
a) 33,500 b) 39,000 c) 30,000 d) 45,000 e) 37,500
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
Session:
Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
7 of 21 BIO 112 SM 2017 71203 MTX 2 Q 170710.1.doc
Chapter Number: 12 Renewable Energy
28. Plant material used for food is called:
a) hydromass. b) tidalmass. c) biomass. d) cogeneration. e) fertilizer. Section Reference 1: 12.2 Indirect Solar Energy
29. Which of the following is not an emerging alternative, renewable resource energy technology? a) nuclear energy b) wind farms c) alcohol fuels d) photovoltaic solar cells e) geothermal energy
30. The amount of solar radiation hitting the Earth depends on: a) the amount of cloud cover. b) the distance from the equator. c) the time of day. d) the season of the year. e) All of these
31. In the United States, solar radiation is greatest in: a) the southwest. b) the northeast. c) the northwest. d) the mid-west e) Florida.
32. All of the following materials are examples of biomass fuels except: a) wood b) oil c) animal waste d) crop wastes e) sawdust
33. Passive solar heating: a) cannot be used to heat buildings. b) is effective only in the summer. c) uses the sun’s energy without machines. d) is a non-renewable resource. e) depends on x-rays.
34. Which of the following can be used to store the heat from passive solar heating? a) containers of water b) reflective glass windows c) solar panels d) photovoltaic solar cells e) wooden roof beams
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
Session:
Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
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35. Which of the following renewable energy sources is not used to produce electricity?
a) solar heating b) geothermal c) biomass conversion d) photovoltaics e) wind
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
Session:
Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
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Chapter Number: 14 Dirt
36. Soil is formed from parent material by biological, chemical, and physical:
a) digestion processes. b) weathering processes. c) composting. d) terracing. e) leaching.
37. Soil is composed of: a) mineral particles. b) organic materials. c) air. d) water. e) All of these
38. Which of the following may affect the mineral composition of soil? a) soil age b) soil pH c) soil organisms d) parent material e) All of these
39. Humus is composed of: a) weathered rocks b) fresh leaf litter c) iron and aluminum compounds. d) decomposed organic matter. e) various inorganic minerals.
40. The uppermost layer of soil that is rich in plant litter and other organic material is the: a) A horizon. b) B horizon. c) C horizon. d) O horizon. e) E horizon.
41. _________ describes the pathway of various nutrient minerals or elements from the environment through organisms and back to the environment.
a) Crop rotation b) Leaching and illuviation c) Mycorrhizae d) Nutrient cycling e) none of these choices is correct
42. Clay content is particularly important in soil because high-clay soils: a) provide excellent drainage b) have large surface areas that can “hold” mineral ions for plant use c) contain abundant oxygen d) are ideal for most agricultural crops e) are easy to till for agriculture
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
Session:
Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
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43. Loam: a) contains about 40% each of sand and silt. b) is an ideal agricultural soil. c) has good aeration and drainage. d) has a medium ability to hold nutrients and water. e) All of these choices are correct
44. The soils of tropical rain forests tend to be nutrient-poor due to: a) extensive wind erosion. b) the fact that nutrient minerals are stored primarily in the vegetation. c) removal of native plants, largely grasses, depleting the nutrient minerals. d) sediment washing into streams from intact forests. e) poor crop rotation practices in slash-and-burn agriculture.
45. Worldwide, 75 billion metric tons (83 billion tons) of topsoil is lost annually, primarily due to: a) poor agricultural practices. b) global warming. c) ozone depletion. d) the soil rustler's black market. e) conservation tillage.
46. The American Dust Bowl was caused by all of the following except: a) the fact that the Great Plains of North America have low annual precipitation. b) the extensive removal of native prairie grasses to plant crops. c) overgrazing. d) unusually severe wind and storm conditions. e) the poor (nutrient) quality of the soil of the Great Plains.
47. The 1930’s Dust Bowl in the western United States is an example of: a) prolonged drought, hottest years measured on the planet, and accelerated wind erosion caused by use of marginal land for agriculture. b) the use of flood plains for agriculture leading to desertification. c) the natural cycle of climate disasters in that region. d) the relationship between economics and annual precipitation. e) human activities not being the cause of or accentuating soil problems.
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
Session:
Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
11 of 21 BIO 112 SM 2017 71203 MTX 2 Q 170710.1.doc
Chapter Number: 15 Minerals
48. A rock that contains a large enough concentration of a particular mineral to profitably mine and
extract it is called a/an: a) atom. b) slag. c) metal. d) ore. e) compound.
49. Which of the following is an example of a nonmetallic mineral? a) ore b) chromium c) zinc d) nickel e) silicon
50. _______ are minerals that are usually malleable, good conductors of heat and electricity, and lustrous.
a) Rocks b) High-grade ores c) Low-grade ores d) Metals e) Phosphates
51. Which of the following is an example of a mineral? a) bronze b) rock c) copper d) petroleum e) water
52. Which of the following is NOT an example of a mineral? a) bronze b) oxides c) salt d) sulfur e) platinum
53. Surface mining is more common than subsurface mining because it: a) does not cause as much land disturbance. b) is less expensive. c) requires fewer spoil banks. d) does not cause any water pollution. e) None of these statements is correct; subsurface mining is more common.
54. Which of the following is NOT an environmental impact of mining? a) groundwater depletion b) enrichment of waterways c) erosion d) acid mine drainage e) air pollution
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
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Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
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55. Which of the following can be used to help remove pollutants from water draining away from
mining lands? a) topsoil b) legume plants c) seeds d) fertilizer e) wetlands
56. Which of the following statements about wetlands is True/ Mark all that apply a) Artificial wetlands may take 50 to 100 years to adequately neutralize acidity for aquatic life. b) Bacteria in wetlands consume the sulfur in the acid mine drainage, thereby decreasing the acidity of the water. c) Creating and maintaining wetlands are expensive solutions to the problem of acid mine drainage. d) As water in the wetland becomes more basic, zinc and copper precipitate out and enter the sediments. e) Wetlands trap sediments and pollutants so that water quality downstream from the wetland is improved.
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
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Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
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Chapter Number: 16 BIO Diversity
57. Ecosystem diversity is:
a) variety of interactions among organisms in natural communities. b) the number of different species in a given area. c) the variety of abiotic characteristics within a given area. d) the genetic variety within all populations of a given species. e) synonymous with ecosystem services.
58. Bacteria and fungi are important to humans because they: a) help control weeds. b) pollinate crop plants. c) provide shelter. d) deplete nutrient minerals in the soil. e) provide foods and antibiotics.
59. The continuous, low-level extinction of species that has occurred throughout the history of life on Earth is known as:
a) mass extinction. b) evolution. c) background extinction. d) human impact extinction. e) biotic pollution.
60. Most species facing extinction today are threatened because of:
a) living in biodiversity hotspots. b) changing climate. c) the recent impact of a large comet. d) large quantities of dust in the atmosphere. e) human activity.
61. Which of the following characteristics is known to make a species more vulnerable to extinction? Royale Isle Wolves is an example.
a) herbivory b) occupying a small (localized) range c) living on a continent d) population less than 1 million e) high reproductive success
62. The single greatest threat to biological diversity is:
a) the introduction of foreign species. b) air pollution. c) overexploitation. d) habitat loss. e) water pollution.
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
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Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
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63. Which of the following have been linked to the dramatic global decline of amphibian populations? Multi-legged frogs was the example.
a) drainage of wetlands b) pollutants c) infectious diseases d) global climate warming e) all of these choices are correct
64. Organisms that provide an early warning of environmental damage are known as: Canary in the mine shaft is the example
a) endemic species. b) endangered species. c) threatened species. d) indicator species. e) commercial species.
65. Humans depend on other organisms for all of the following requirements except:
a) carbon dioxide. b) food. c) shelter. d) medicines. e) clothing.
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
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Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
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Chapter Number: 17 Land
66. Cities make up what percentage of the world’s total land area?
a) 9% b) 17% c) 3% d) 12% e) 7%
67. Which of the following statements about clear cutting is false?
a) It is the most cost-effective way to harvest trees b) When done on a small scale, it can benefit some wildlife species c) It increases soil erosion and causes mudslides d) Clear cutting forests at higher altitudes is more difficult to regenerate than low altitudes e) None of these statements is false
68. Which of the following statements about forest ownership in the United States is true?
a) Federal government owns the majority of the forests b) State and local governments own about 25% of the forests c) Private individuals own the majority of the forests d) Corporations own about half of the forests e) None of these statements is true
69. Which of the following is not a method currently used to harvest trees?
a) clear cutting b) selective cutting c) seed tree cutting d) shelterwood cutting e) All of these choices are currently used.
70. The Wilderness Act of 1964:
a) established five new national parks. b) limits the percentage of an area that can be developed for human habitation and other activities. c) gives designated wilderness areas the highest protection of any public lands d) established wilderness areas, but only within existing national parks. e) safeguards mountain areas but not tundra or desert.
71. National parks may include:
a) significant modern architecture. b) economically significant areas or buildings. c) historic battlefields. d) farm land. e) None of these statements is correct
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
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Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
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72. Which of the following is not a threat to national parks?
a) ecosystem services b) vandalism c) collecting plants, minerals, and fossils d) declining wildlife populations e) proliferating wildlife populations
73. The National Wildlife Refuge System was established by which President of the United States?
a) Abraham Lincoln b) Woodrow Wilson c) Harry Truman d) Herbert Hoover e) Theodore Roosevelt.
74. Forests:
a) fix large amounts of oxygen, removing it from the atmosphere. b) promote soil erosion. c) maintain watersheds. d) provide habitat for few animal species. e) release large amounts of carbon monoxide into the atmosphere. .4 Define sustainable forestry and explain how monocultures are related to forestry.
75. Timber companies prefer to harvest trees by:
a) clearcutting. b) seed tree cutting. c) selective cutting. e) shelterwood cutting. e) even-age harvesting.
76. Boreal forests:
a) comprise the world's largest biome. b) are currently the primary source of the world's industrial wood and wood fiber. c) are harvested primarily by clearcut logging. d) are comprised of evergreen trees, such as spruce, fir, cedar, and hemlock. e) All of these statements are correct
77. Conservation strategies that set aside ecosystems for preservation:
a) are the best way to preserve an area’s diversity. b) increase the likelihood that a given ecosystem will be exploited. c) decrease the number of endangered species living in that ecosystem. d) can only be carried out by government agencies. e) are impractical and not encouraged.
78. An ecological simplification in which only one type of plant is cultivated over a large area is called a:
a) wildlife corridor b) natural regulation c) wise-use move d) monoculture e) single species standard
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
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Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
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79. Which of the following statements regarding trees and climate change is true?
a) The oxygen produced by trees helps to moderate climate change. b) When trees act as carbon “sinks,” they accelerate climate change. c) There is much more carbon stored in trees than there is in the atmosphere. d) The process of photosynthesis removes greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. e) Trees take greenhouse gases and turn them into CO2, an important compound for many living organisms.
80. Forests play an important role in the hydrologic cycle by:
a) returning most moisture to underground storage as groundwater. b) recycling small amounts of water to the atmosphere. c) recycling 75% of precipitation to the atmosphere by transpiration and evaporation. d) removing large amounts of carbon monoxide from the atmosphere. e) increasing runoff to local streams. Section Reference 1: 17.3 Forests
81. Habitat corridors are intended to provide:
a) further habitat fragmentation. b) increased species richness within forest monocultures. c) a means for controlling insect pests and invasive species. d) increased timber production. e) opportunities for larger animals to establish larger territories.
82. Why are tropical rain forests considered so important to global ecology?
a) they contribute greatly to the world's carbon and oxygen cycles b) they retard soil erosion c) they contain much of the world's biodiversity d) they mitigate floods and droughts e) All of these choices are correct
83. Subsistence agriculture:
a) has little or no impact on deforestation since it is a small-scale approach. b) is where a family produces just enough food to feed itself. c) is only used by 1 to 2 million farmers today since it is an outdated farming practice. d) does not use the slash-and-burn agriculture method. e) is a typical land use practice in highly developed countries..
84. Which of the following statements about rangelands is true?
a) Rangelands have native grasses with fibrous root systems that can survive extended periods of drought. b) Rangelands are valuable for food production but yield no other economically valuable resources. c) Rangelands can benefit from overgrazing by cattle since it may actually increase the plant diversity. d) Rangelands are found in temperate regions, but not in tropical climates. e) About 10% of the human population lives in rangelands that border deserts.
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
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SM 2017
71203 3 Units
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MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
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85. All of the following are benefits of coastal wetlands except:
a) providing food. b) acting as nurseries for many marine organisms. c) reducing the impact of ozone depletion. d) protecting coastlines from erosion. e) reducing the damage from hurricanes.
86. What is the relationship of overgrazing to desertification?
a) Overgrazing is the destruction of vegetation; desertification is the destruction of a desert ecosystem b) Overgrazing results in barren exposed soil; if erosion continues, it contributes to desertification c) Overgrazing is brought about by cattle; desertification is brought about by temperature d) Overgrazing is caused by too fertile rangeland; desertification is caused by too fertile agricultural land e) Overgrazing is a synonym for desertification. .
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
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Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
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Chapter Number: 18 Food
87. The two areas of the world with the greatest food insecurity are:
a) South America and South Asia. b) South America and sub-Saharan Africa. c) China and sub-Saharan Africa. d) South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. e) the Middle East and South Asia.
88. The quantity of various grains remaining from previous harvests is known as:
a) subsistence agriculture. b) food security. c) world grain stocks. d) yield. e) organic farming surplus.
89. The main cause of malnutrition is:
a) poverty. b) inadequate global food production. c) polyculture. d) decreasing livestock yields. e) organic farming practices.
90. The most common foods eaten in the world today are:
a) corn (maize), rice, sweet potato, and wheat. b) barley, corn, rice, and wheat. c) corn, rice, and wheat. d) cassava, potato, rice, and wheat. e) corn, potato, soybean, and rice.
91. The decline in genetic diversity within a given variety of crop plant results in loss of: All crop plants and livestock are identical genetically [GMO’s] is the example.
a) color variations. b) flavor differences. c) nutritional differences. d) size variations. e) All of these choices are correct
92. Which of the following is/are currently used to increase livestock yields in industrialized countries?
a) maintaining a wide variety of genetically diverse livestock b) using genetically engineered foodstuffs c) implementing integrated pest management d) administering antibiotics and hormones e) increasing use of nomadic herding
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
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SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
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93. Which of the following fishing practices has been banned by most countries but continues to be used illegally? Sea Lions was the example.
a) longlines b) bycatch c) trawl bag d) drift nets e) purse-seine nets
94. Aquaculture is:
a) fish farming. b) growing plants without soil. c) using desalinated water for irrigation. d) a type of germplasm storage. e) fishing without hooks.
95. Livestock is an expensive source of food because:
a) it is particularly rich in protein. b) of the amount of land area needed to house the animals. c) the antibiotics and hormones needed to support high yield are exceedingly expensive. d) it is the preferred food source in many developing countries. e) animals are inefficient at converting plant food into meat.
96. Domesticated plants and animals: [GMO] is the hint.
a) are characterized by high genetic diversity. b) are less likely to succumb to new strains of disease-causing organisms. c) tend to lose genetic diversity as the farmer selects for more desirable agricultural characteristics. d) can readily survive in both cultivated and wild (natural) settings. e) readily adapt to changing environmental conditions.
97. Concern over the routine use of antibiotics in raising livestock centers around:
a) the potential that bacterial resistance to antibiotics may increase as a result. b) violations of U.S. government policy that prohibits their indiscriminate use in livestock. c) the fact that the antibiotics may be toxic to small children. d) a tentative link between antibiotics and cancer. e) the excessively high concentrations of chemicals that are then found in the meat products.
98. Sustainable agricultural practices are characterized by all of the following except:
a) crop selection. b) water and energy conservation. c) monoculture. d) use of manure as a fertilizer. e) increasing biological diversity to control pests.
99. GM (genetically modified) crops and foods:
a) may have higher nutritional value than the original product. b) may be resistant to pests, diseases, and stressful (weather)/climate conditions. c) may produce unexpected allergic reactions in some consumers. d) have been largely banned by the European Union. e) All of these choices are correct
Biology 112 – Introduction to Ecology
Midterm Exam MTX 2
Session:
Section:
Class Location:
Days / Time: Instructor:
SM 2017
71203 3 Units
NVC 1436
MTWTh 1:00 PM – 3:05 PM
RIDDELL
21 of 21 BIO 112 SM 2017 71203 MTX 2 Q 170710.1.doc
100. Which areas of the world are at the greatest risk for famine?
a) developing nations in South America b) developing nations in Africa c) Western Europe d) Impoverished cities in highly developed countries e) Developing nations in both South America and Africa
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