Comparative Analysis of Sales for Bakery Products (BIL, Parle & ITC in Aurangabad city) G.H.Raisoni Institute of Engineering and Management. Jalgaon(425002) CERTIFICATE This is to certify that Mr Sagar Nyati presently studing in second year of MBA first year has successfully completed Summer internship program at Britannia India ltd Aurangabad Division from 1 st June to 30 th July 2010. Guide Mr Makrand Watt
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Comparative Analysis of Sales for Bakery Products (BIL, Parle & ITC in Aurangabad city)
G.H.Raisoni Institute of Engineering and Management.
Jalgaon(425002)
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr Sagar Nyati presently studing in second year of MBA first year has successfully completed Summer internship program at Britannia India ltd Aurangabad Division from 1st June to 30thJuly 2010.
Guide
Mr Makrand Watt
Acknowledgement
It gives us a great pleasure in acknowledging the help extended by our teachers and other supporting staff members. I record my heartfelt gratitude to our guide Mr Makrand Watt and staff of Britannia India Ltd which supported me specially Mr G.B.Gajare, Mr Dalvi, Mr Sunil Khatod and Mr Ashish for supervising us with care and zeal throughout the course of work.
I am especially thankful to Britannia India ltd managing staff & GHRIEM teaching staff for it valuable encouragement and guidance.it was a learning experience for me to work with BIL for its study project on comparative analysis of sales for bakery product in Aurangabad city Maharashtra.
Abstract
Comparative study of sales analysis for bakery product of BIL, ITC & Parle is the method to check out the market share, market status & market value of product of respective organization. Here study of Britannia India Ltd, ITC & Parle is taken into consideration for performing Comparative analysis. BIL is widely known brand in bakery products all over india considered for analysis with parle & ITC major competitor of BIL. It was learning experienced for me to analyse such a fine operating unit of Britannia India Ltd working together with Surbhi Agency Aurangabad.
Learning and working with innovation is important but development is worthwhile for growth of industry or organization this can be brought with analysis of Market. It ensures that it cannot be perfect without practical knowledge, hence practical knowledge is important for management student. It included the detail study of operations carried by BIL ltd incorporating me in the market analysis.
Complete market study & Analysis for bakery products is described in detail further.
Index
CHAPTER I - Introduction
CHAPTER II - Profile of the Organisation
CHAPTER III - Research Methodology
CHAPTER IV - Literature Review
CHAPTER V - Data Analysis
CHAPTER VI - Conclusion
CHAPTER I Introduction
Britannia Industries Limited is an Indian company based in Kolkata that is famous for its Britannia and Tiger brands of biscuit, which are highly recognised throughout the country. Britannia is one of India’s leading biscuit firms, with an estimated 38% market share.
The Company's principal activity is the manufacture and sale of biscuits, bread, rusk, cakes and Dairy products.
The Britannia's fame is largely acknowledged through the colourful Britannia logos that Indian cricketers such as Virender Sehwag and Rahul Dravid wear on their bats.
Reason behind selecting this products & Brand -
The association of our product, biscuits is an age long narration. A snack or starvation, picnic or just time pass munching, biscuits have always been a part of it.In today’s innovative and competitive scenario, biscuit industry still manages to hold a stand in the market and creates its visibility amongst all commodities.
The brands play on our minds emotionally, as we have a childhood involvement. Amongst the brands of biscuits, the image of Britannia furnishes to our perceived mind set. The other essential basis of choosing the biscuit industry and referring to Britannia as a brand, are as per their established appeal in the market, its market share and awareness.
H I S T O R Y
“Sweet or salty. Soft or crunchy. Simple or exotic. Everybody loves munching on biscuits, but do they know how biscuits began?”
The word 'Biscuit' is derived from the Latin words 'Bis' (meaning 'twice') and 'Coctus' (meaning cooked or baked) . The word 'Biscotti' is also the generic term
for cookies in Italian. Back then, biscuits were unleavened, hard and thin wafers which, because of their low water content, were ideal food to store.
Therefore biscuits became the ideal travelling food since they stayed fresh for long periods. The seafaring age, thus, witnessed the boom of biscuits when these were sealed in airtight containers to last for months at a time. Making good biscuits is quite an art, and history bears testimony to that. During the 17th and 18th Centuries in Europe, baking was a carefully controlled profession, managed through a series of 'guilds' or professional associations. To become a baker, one had to complete years of apprenticeship - working through the ranks of apprentice, journeyman, and finally master baker.
Not only this, the amount and quality of biscuits baked were also carefully monitored. As technology improved during the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, the price of sugar and flour dropped. Chemical leavening agents, such as baking soda, became available and a profusion of cookie recipes occurred. This led to the development of manufactured cookies.
India Biscuits Industry came into limelight and started gaining a sound status in the bakery industry in the later part of 20th century when the urbanized society called for ready made food products at a tenable cost. Biscuits were assumed as sick-man's diet in earlier days. Now, it has become one of the most loved fast food product for every age group. Biscuits are easy to carry, tasty to eat, cholesterol free and reasonable at
cost. The States that have a larger intake of biscuits are Maharashtra, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Uttar Pradesh. Maharashtra and West Bengal, the most industrially developed states, hold the maximum amount of consumption of biscuits The Federation of Biscuit Manufacturers of India (FBMI) has confirmed a bright future of India Biscuits Industry. According to FBMI, a steady growth of 15 percent per annum in the next 10 years will be achieved by the biscuit industry of India.
Besides, the export of biscuits will also surpass the target and hit the global market successfully. Interestingly, as time has passed and despite more varieties becoming available, the essential ingredients of biscuits haven't changed - like 'soft' wheat
flour (which contains less protein than the flour used to bake bread) sugar, and fats, such as butter and oil. Today, though they are known by different names the world over, people agree on one thing - nothing beats the biscuit!
Objective of the proposed study
1)To study the biscuit market in India (industry analysis)
2)To study the consumption pattern of consumers (Age wise consumption pattern)
3)To study the buying behavior of consumers keeping in mind the various attributes of the product.
4)Enumerate the product mix of Britannia and its consumption with competitive brands on aspects like Price ,Taste, Crispness, Size, Freshness ,Color Flavor
5) To study the dealers perception of the brand (Britannia) and others prospects of supply chain, packaging of the product ,segmentation & Consumer Study
CHAPTER IIProfile of the Organisation
COMPANY VISION
1)To be one of the best biscuit and baked snack producers
in Europe.
2)To produce innovative products for an ever changing
markets.
3)Healthy biscuits and snacks using finest ingredients.
Industry Overview
The Indian biscuits' market is estimated to be 1.1 million tonnes per annum and valued at over Rs 50 billion. India is known to be the second largest manufacturer of biscuits, the first being USA. It is classified under two sectors: organized and unorganized. The present biscuits-bakery sector in India looks like a battlefront. The battle being led by stalwarts like Britannia and Parle with close competition from other companies like ITC, Nutrine, HLL Kissan, Kwality and even international brands like Kellogs, Nestle, Sara Lee and United Biscuits.The biscuit segment has developed with large markets of mass consumption covering over 90% of the overall potential market. The country comprises of huge unorganized sector. Biscuits market on an average grew at 8% per annum in the last five years. The rural penetration of the branded biscuits segment is also significant. Towns with populations of less than a lakh contribute significantly to the industry's turnover, with some estimates placing it at 40%. However, rural markets largely consume lower-priced varieties, and it is here that branded biscuits meet with stiff competition from the unorganized sector. The unorganized sector in the biscuits segment does exert pressure on the pricing policies of the organized players. But only up to a point since the penetration of brands in this business even in the rural areas is fairly significant. Therefore, the value
for only the branded business segment is more indicative of the industry's competitive pressures.
Three domestic players, Britannia, Parle and ITC, have thus far dominated the market—with an average annual growth of 10-12%. According to the Federation of Biscuit Manufacturers of India (FBMI),
60% of the total market is organized and the rest—unorganized. As per a research conducted in 2006 though ITC was able to increase its market share by a significant percent, Britannia still is the leader with highest volume of sales and value market share. Researcher says that Parle has been Britannia’s toughest competitor. The biscuit market in India still has lot of room for expansion from the existing players and the new entrants.
Com pany Overv iew
The story of one of India's favourite brands reads almost like a fairy tale. Once upon a time, in 1892 to be precise, a biscuit company was started in a nondescript house in Calcutta (now Kolkata) with an initial investment of Rs. 295. The company we all know as Britannia today.
The beginnings might have been humble-the dreams were anything but. By 1910, with the advent of electricity, Britannia mechanised its operations, and in 1921, it became the first company east of the Suez Canal to use imported gas ovens. Britannia's business was flourishing. But, more importantly, Britannia was acquiring a reputation for quality and value. As a result, during the tragic World War II, the Government reposed its trust in Britannia by contracting it to supply large quantities of "service biscuits" to the armed forces.
As time moved on, the biscuit market continued to grow… and Britannia grew along with it. In 1975, the Britannia Biscuit Company took over the distribution of biscuits from Parry's who till now distributed Britannia biscuits in India. In the subsequent public issue of 1978, Indian shareholding crossed 60%, firmly establishing the Indianness of the firm. The following year, Britannia Biscuit Company was re-christened Britannia Industries Limited (BIL). Four years later in 1983, it crossed the Rs. 100 crores revenue mark dynamic strides. In 1992, it celebrated its Platinum Jubilee. In 1997, the company unveiled its new corporate
identity - "Eat Healthy, Think Better" - and made its first foray into the dairy products market. In 1999, the "Britannia Khao, World Cup Jao" promotion further fortified the affinity consumers had with 'Brand Britannia'.
Britannia strode into the 21st Century as one of India's biggest brands and the pre-eminent food brand of the country. It was equally recognised for its innovative approach to products and marketing: the Lagaan Match was voted India's most successful promotional activity of the year 2001 while the delicious Britannia 50-50 Maska-Chaska became India's most successful product launch. In 2002, Britannia's New Business Division formed a joint venture with Fonterra, the world's second largest Dairy Company, and Britannia New Zealand Foods Pvt. Ltd. was born. In recognition of its vision and accelerating graph, Forbes Global rated Britannia 'One amongst the Top 200 Small Companies of the World', and The Economic Times pegged Britannia India's 2nd Most Trusted Brand.
Today, more than a century after those tentative first steps, Britannia's fairy tale is not only going strong but blazing new standards, and that miniscule initial investment has grown by leaps and bounds to crores of rupees in wealth for Britannia's shareholders. The company's offerings are spread across the spectrum with products ranging from the healthy and economical Tiger biscuits to the more lifestyle-oriented Milkman Cheese. Having succeeded in garnering the trust of almost one-third of India's one billion population and a strong management at the helm means Britannia will continue to dream big on its path of innovation and quality. And millions of consumers will savour the results, happily ever after.
Profile
Registered Office 5/1 A, Hungerford Street Kolkata - 700017, WB
Phone: 91-33- 22870505
Fax: 91-33-22872501
Website: www.britannia.co.in
Management Details Chairperson - N N Wadia Managing Director - V Bali
Directors - K Dadiseth, A Deb, S Gerlich, A K Hirjee, Philippe - Loic Jacob, N N Kampani, S S Kelkar, P Khanna, J N Wadia, Francois-Xavier Roger
Business Operation Biscuits, bread, cakes, dairy products
Background Britannia Industries Ltd (Britannia) was established in 1892 in Kolkata, WB as a biscuit manufacturing company. The company is now jointly held by the
Wadia Group and Groupe Danone. Britannia manufactures bakery products including biscuits, bread, and cakes, and also dairy products like
cheese and milk powder.
Business Profile Britannia manufactures diary products from its plants located in Kolkata, Delhi, Chennai, Mumbai, and Rudrapur. The company has a total installed capacity of 163,500 MT of biscuits and protein foodstuffs. Key brands include Tiger, Good Day, Milk Bikis, Treat, and Marie. In FY07 the company launched new brands; 50:50 Chutkule, Treat Fruit, Rollz, NutriChoice Digestive, and renovated Milk Bikis, Chota Tiger, and Chocolate Cream in the Tiger range. Further in 2008, the company launched iron fortified Tiger' biscuits,'Good Day Classic Cookies', Low Fat Dahi and renovated 'MarieGold'.
In 2007, biscuits and high-protein food achieved a y-o-y production increase of 23% and 26%, respectively. During FY07, the bread, cake, and rusk business grew by 54% y-o-y. Britannia exports its products to countries in the
Middle East and to USA, Ghana, and Singapore. It has a JV in New Zealand to undertake marketing of dairy products. In 2007, Britannia formed a JV with Khimji Ramdas Group to set up two bakery product companies in the Middle East. The company acquired 70% stake in Strategic Foods
International LLC in Dubai and in Oman-based Al Sallan Food Industries Co SAOG. During 2007, Britannia formed a strategic alliance with a Bangalore-based company, Daily Bread. This alliance will provide products under the brands Daily Bread and Deluca’s.
Company Secretary
Bankers
Auditors
V Madan
SBI, SCB, ABN, Citibank, HSBC,
HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Indian Bank ,
Bank of America, Deutsche Bank
Lovelock & Lewes
C O N T A C T S
The Company's plants are located in Mumbai, Kolkata, Delhi, Chennai and Uttarakhand.
Board of DirectorsName DesignationMr. Nusli Neville Wadia ChairmanMs. Vinita Bali Managing DirectorMr. A.K.Hirjee DirectorDr. Ajai Puri DirectorMr. Avijit Deb DirectorMr. Jeh N Wadia DirectorMr. Keki Dadiseth DirectorMr. Nasser Munjee DirectorMr. Nimesh N Kampani DirectorMr. Pratap Khanna DirectorMr. S.S.Kelkar DirectorManaging TeamGAUTAM BANERJEE - General Manager – MaterialsASHOK KUMAR GUPTA - General Manager - Accounts & PlanningR K AGRAWAL - Supply Chain Director for New Business DevelopmentR S SUBRAMANIAM - General Manager - Manufacturing, Engineering andProjectsANURADHA NARASIMHAN - Category Director - Health & WellnessSHALINI DEGAN - Category Director - Delight & LifestyleT S VENKETRAM - General Manager - Manufacturing DevelopmentBALAJI REDDIPALLI - Head ReplenishmentR. ANAND - Business Operations DirectorJEHANGIR TANKARIWALA - General Manager - Human ResourcesVINOD MENON - Head of BNZFSHRIDHAR PANSHIKAR - National Sales ManagerPURNENDU ROY - Head of R&DP. GOVINDAN - Company Secretary & Head of LegalDr. K.N. SHASHIKANTH - Corporate Quality Assurance Manager
Milestones of Britannia1892The Genesis - Britannia established with an investment of Rs. 295 inKolkata1910Advent of electricity sees operations mechanised1921Imported machinery introduced; Britannia becomes the first company Eastof the Suez to use gas ovens1939 - 44Sales rise exponentially to Rs.16,27,202 in 1939During 1944 sales ramp up by more than eight times to reach Rs.1.36crore1975 Britannia Biscuit Company takes over biscuit distribution from Parry's1978Public issue - Indian shareholding crosses 60%1979Re-christened Britannia Industries Ltd. (BIL)1983Sales cross Rs.100 crore1989The Executive Office relocated to Bangalore1992BIL celebrates its Platinum Jubilee1993Wadia Group acquires stake in ABIL, UK and becomes an equal partnerwith Groupe Danone in BIL1994Volumes cross 1,00,000 tons of biscuits1997Re-birth - new corporate identity 'Eat Healthy, Think Better' leads to newmission: 'Make every third Indian a Britannia consumer'BIL enters the dairy products market1999"Britannia Khao World Cup Jao" - a major success! Profit up by 37%2000Forbes Global Ranking - Britannia among Top 300 small companies2001BIL ranked one of India's biggest brandsNo.1 food brand of the country
Britannia Lagaan Match: India's most successful promotional activity of theyearMaska Chaska: India's most successful FMCG launch2002BIL launches joint venture with Fonterra, the world's second largest dairycompanyBritannia New Zealand Foods Pvt. Ltd. is bornRated as 'One amongst the Top 200 Small Companies of the World' byForbes GlobalEconomic Times ranks BIL India's 2nd Most Trusted BrandPure Magic -Winner of the Worldstar, Asiastar and Indiastar award forpackaging2003'Treat Duet'- most successful launch of the yearBritannia Khao World Cup Jao rocks the consumer lives yet again2004Britannia accorded the status of being a 'Superbrand'Volumes cross 3,00,000 tons of biscuitsGood Day adds a new variant - Choconut - in its range2005Re-birth of Tiger - 'Swasth Khao, Tiger Ban Jao' becomes the popularchant!Britannia launched 'Greetings' range of premium assorted gift packsThe new plant in Uttaranchal, commissioned ahead of schedule.The launch of yet another exciting snacking option - Britannia 50-50Pepper Chakkar2007Britannia industries formed a joint venture with the Khimji Ramdas Groupand acquired a 70 percent beneficial state in the Dubai-based StrategicFoods International Co. LLC and 65.4% in the Oman-based Al Sallan FoodIndustries Co. SAOG.2008Britannia launched Iron fortified 'Tiger Banana' biscuits, 'Good Day ClassicCookies', Low Fat Dahi and renovated 'MarieGold'.
2009
2009
Britannia NutriChoice Nature Spice Crackers launched - Your favorite Cream Crackers, now made even more exciting with the addition of "Sabut" Ajwain and Jeera spices. Britannia takes full control of Daily Bread.Britannia-Fonterra joint venture dairy business restructured. Britannia
acquires entire stake of Fonterra BNZF name changed to Britannia Dairy Pvt. Ltd.Recognizing the changing global trends & health benefits of removing transfats, Britannia is the first Bakery brand in India to remove transfats from its products.
Wadia Group acquired stake holdings from Group Danone and becomes the single largest shareholder in BIL.
2010 2010
Britannia NutriChoice launches a New Year pack - the Health Starter Kit. Created for everyone who makes New Year resolutions and doesnt follow through. The Health Starter Kit contains 1 pack each of NutriChoice Hi-Fiber Digestive, NutriChoice 5 Grain, NutriChoice Nature Spice Cracker bundled together with a Fit Sip Sipper and a fitness chart. All this only for Rs 100.
Different Products Of Britannia CompanyGLUCOSE BISCUITS• TIGER• CHOTA TIGER• TIGER CHAI BISKOOT• TIGER ROSEMILK CREAM• TIGER BRITA ENERGY POPS• TIGER CHOCLATE CREAM• TIGER ORANGE CREAM• TIGER COCONUT ENERGY• TIGER ELAICHI CREAM• TIGER KESAR CREAM• TIGER BANANA
GOOD DAY BISCUITS• GOOD DAY CHOCONUT• GOOD DAY BUTTER SCOTCH• GOOD DAY HONEY & RAISIN• GOOD DAY CHOCLATE CHIP• GOOD DAY RICH BUTTER COOKIES• GOOD DAY RICH CASHEW COOKIES• GOOD DAY RICH PISTA BADAM
50-50 BISCUITS 50-50 50-50 Maska Chaska Pepper ChakkerLITTLE HEARTS• LITTLE HEARTS CLASSICPURE MAGIC• PURE MAGIC
The total environment of business, for our purposes, include six factors, viz., political – legal, economic, socio – cultural, technological, global and natural. From the above six environments we have chosen three environments viz., GLOBAL, POLITICAL and ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENTS.
Raymond Vernon had introduced a product-cycle theory in late 1960s, but this theory is still relevant till today. This theory explains that how companies go global. Initially, small scale companies produce attractive products and sell them in their home markets. Sooner or later, foreigners come to know about these products. As the popularity of these products increases they start exporting them abroad. As the foreign demand grows, the economies of foreign production changes. Eventually, the company starts setting up their own plants globally. In this manner various companies go global.
Managerial practice adopted by BIL:
Japanese organization
1) Life time employment
2) Slow evaluation and promotion
3) Non-specialized career paths
4) Collective decision making
5) Collective responsibility
They have already adopted the technique of 5’s which most companies adopt viz., Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke.
Positive points of BIL:
Over the years, BIL has grown to become a multi-million US Dollar company. Many of the BIL products – biscuits are market leaders in their category.
Today, BIL enjoys approx 35% share of the total biscuit market and a 15% share of the total confectionary market, in India. The BIL Biscuit brands, enjoy a strong imagery and appeal amongst consumers.
Be it a big city or a remote village of India, the BIL name symbolizes quality, health and great taste! And yet, we know that this reputation has been built, by constantly innovating and catering to new tastes.
In this way, by concentrating on consumer tastes and preferences and emphasizing Research & Development, the BIL brand grows from strength to strength.
Negative points of BIL:
HLL and ITC’s entry into biscuits will affect BIL
After testing the waters with niche offerings in untapped segments of the biscuit market, heavyweights Hindustan Lever and ITC have now forayed into the mass biscuit market. While ITC has launched its glucose brand, Sunfeast, HLL has decided to differentiate its product, Modern ‘Energy’ Biscuits, by using wheat and soya as ingredients. Importantly, both ITC’s and HLL’s new offerings are priced at Rs 4 for a 100 gram pack, the same level as Parle G and Britannia’s ‘Tiger’ glucose biscuits.
Given HLL’s and ITC’s massive distribution reach, this new development would clearly have a significant impact on the market shares of both Parle and Britannia. In case the taste of the new products do not go down very well with consumers, the already established players may get some breathing space, but it will be only a matter of time before that gets corrected and the pressure will soon be back on. Structurally, the entry of players such as HLL and ITC in the mass biscuit market is bound to affect the dominance of Britannia in the biscuits market. What’s more, competition from regional players such as Surya Foods, known for its ‘Priya Gold’ range of biscuits, has also increased. It certainly doesn’t help that the company has just had a change in leadership.
Further, since the company has hived-off its dairy division, overall growth rates would clearly be lower than what investors have been used to for a while. As far as profitability goes, much depends on the company’s ability to further reduce costs, unless there is a further reduction in excise rates. Given the increase in competition, taking price hikes may still be some time away. In such a scenario, Britannia’s long-term growth rate would turn out to be much lower than earlier estimates. It’s no wonder then that the stock has underperformed the market and peers in the FMCG sector by a
huge margin during the current rally. The stock still gets a discounting of around 14 times FY04 earnings, which, considering that growth rates will drop, gives the feeling that the stock’s underperformance will continue.
ITC Ltd has posted a 21.8% rise in net profits to Rs 323.51 crore for the October-December 2002 quarter (Q3) compared to the corresponding period of the previous fiscal. Net sales during the quarter was reported at Rs 1,647.60 crore, up 12.2% over the corresponding of the previous period.
In the nine months ended December 2002, ITC’s net profits were up 16% to Rs 1,047.93 crore.
ITC said: "The company’s corporate strategy aims at creating multiple drivers of growth anchored on its core competencies."
Its current focus is nearly exclusively on four business groups: FMCG, hotels, paperboards, paper & packaging and agri-business.
CHAPTER III Research Methodology
Objective of the proposed study1) To study the biscuit market in India (industry analysis)2) To study the consumption pattern of consumers (Age wise consumption
pattern)3) To study the buying behavior of consumers keeping in mind the various
attributes of the product.4) Enumerate the product mix of Britannia and its consumption with
competitive brands on aspects likea) Priceb) Tastec) Sized) Freshnesse) Flavorf) To study the dealers perception of the brand (Britannia) and others prospects
of supply chain, packaging of the product,segmentation etc.DATA COLLECTION1. Data collection through personality administrated structured Questionnaires.2. Sampling DecisionsSAMPLING PROCEDURE :Retailer Survey - Convenient sampling is done.
DISTRIBUTION NETWORK OF BRITANNIABISCUITS -
MANUFACTURER↓
C & AGENTS↓
SUPER STOCKISTS↓
STOCKISTS↓
RETAILERSData was collected for analysis with help of questionnaire made considering in account various parameters for marketing the product & to realize its market value. the study was made with objective to analyse the sale of BIL & other major competitor considering reasons like age group of society & kind of locality where product is sold. Best example can be put further is that area where educational institute are present shows good sale of due to brand awareness & specially good demand for Britannia good day whereas in the area surrounded with low income source families have more preference for low price biscuits of BIL & its competitor.
Total sales for last 10 days were collected from retailers for ITC, Parle & BIL products in Aurangabad city covering all regions during field work period. Mainly project targeted to collect the sales data from various zone of Aurangabad city to find the various reasons which affects the sales of product & factor affecting sale of the project. Majorly two main factor affecting the sales is brand & taste consciousness & other is willingness to pay the charge for needed product or to find substitute for the need within the budget. This is found in the Zone where cost plays important role in the sale of the product. Information was collected from retailer as it is the last point from where product is being delivered to customer Which give best idea of sale of the product & choice of the public & various parameters on
which sales of the product depend rather than high publicity or marketing of the product.
Liability of data depends on information provided by retailer whereas information can be cross checked with order placed by him towards stockiest.whole population was considered all over the Aurangabad for analysis as all regions of city was covered. Feedback & suggestions of customer was collected through retailers. Direct interaction was carried with customer concern with their objective towards product.
Some observations - BIL has better Diversified product range, Extensive distribution network. Low and mid price range & Catering to mass, better understanding of consumer psyche. Dependence on retailers & grocery Stores for displaying diversified BIL Products on shelf, induce impulsive buy of BIL Products. Low per capita consumption is low, changing consumer preference due to entry of new brands, increasing demand for sugar free & Diet biscuit. Hike in cost of production due to hike In Raw material cost, increasing distribution cost & increasing Local bakery products.
CHAPTER IV
Literature Review
Marketing Marketing is a societal process by which individuals and groups obtain what theyneed and want through creating, offering and freely exchanging products andservices of value with others or other wise it is the process of planning andexecuting the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods,services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational goals.Marketing Strategy Marketing strategy is a set of objectives, policies and rules that leads thecompany's marketing efforts. It is the marketing approach to accomplish thebread objective of the marketing approach to accomplish the bread objective ofthe marketing plan. The various process of marketing strategy are given below.1. Selecting largest markets segmentation 2.Positioning3.Product4.Price5.Place6.Promotion7.Research and development 8.Marketing research
In detail -
1) Market segmentation and selecting target market - It is an effort to increase a company's precision marketing. The starting point ofany segmentation discussion is mass marketing. In mass marketing, the seller engaged in the mass production, mass distribution and mass promotion of one product for all buyers. Market segment consists of a large identifiable group within a market with similar wants, purchasing power geographical location, buying attitudes or buying habita. It is an approach midway between mass marketing and individual marketing. Through this the choice of distribution channels, and communicaton channels become much
easier. The researchers try to form segments by looking at consumer characteristics; geographic, demographic, and psychographic. After segmenting the market then target market selected.
2) Positioning:- The positioning is a creative exercise down with an existing product. the well known products generally hold a distinctive position inconsumer's minds. The positioning requires that every tangible aspect of product, price, place and promotion must support the chosen positioning strategy.Company should develop a unique selling proposition (USP) for each brand and stick to it, PPL consistently promotes its DAP fertilizer by Higher yield at lower cost. As companies increase the number of claims for their brand, they riskdisbelief and a loss of clear positioning. In general a company must avoid four major positioning errors. Those are under positioning over positioning, confused positioning and doubtful positioning.
3) Product:- A product is any offering that can satisfy a need or want. The major types of basic offerings are goods, services, experiences, events, places, properties, organizations, information and ideas. The company gives more importance in quality, packaging, services etc. to satisfy the customers. The products has it's life cycle. The product strategies are modified in different stages of product life cycle.
4) Price:- It is the most important aspect in company's point of view. Price of the product will be decided by the company according to the competitor's price.
5) Place:- This plays a major role in the entire marketing system. the company emphasis on it's distribution network. Proper distribution network gives proper availability of the product.
6) Promotion:- Promotion is the one of the major aspects in marketing strategies. By adopting various promotional activities the company create strongbrand image. It also helps in increasing the brand awareness. It includesadvertising, sales promotioins and public relations etc.
7) Research and Development:- after testing, the new product manager must develop a preliminary marketing strategy plan for introducing the new product into the market. The plan consists of three parts. The first part describes the targetmarket's size, structure and behavior. The second part out lines the plannedprice, distribution strategy and marketing budget for the first year. The third part
of the development describes the long run sales and profit goals and marketingmix strategy over time.
MARKETING MIX
Product Price Promotion Place Product variety List price Sales promotion Channels Quality Discounts Advertising Coverage Design Allowances Sales forces Assortments Features Payment period Public relation Locations Brand name Credit terms Direct marketing Inventory Packaging Transport SizesServicesWarrantiesreturns
MARKETING STRATEGY Marketing is not Euclidean geometry a fixed system of concept. Rathermarketing is one of the dynamic fields with in the management arena. Themarket faces continually a new challenge everyday and companies mustrespond to it positively. Therefore it is not surprising that new market idea keepsurfacing to meet new market place challenges.The market process is applicable to more than goods and services. Anythingrelated to market including ideas, events, policies, prices and personalitiescomes under market strategy. However it is important to emphasize opportunityin the market through market strategy.Following strategies adopted by the organization. A strong quality of the product and customer satisfaction: Customers always believe in good quality product. in my survey I found that inpercentage term more people is quality conscious and not price conscious.
Customer satisfaction is very important part of the organization that at any costthey have to fulfill.A growing relationship with customer and customer retention: Nowadays a good relation with customer is very important for organization. Saleis totally depending on the relation with the customers. Customer's retention isalso a major aspect for growing business. It means keep the old customer andtry to make new customer.Focus on competitors activity: Every organization should must be careful about it's competitors step, because they can disturb the growing sales process of the organization.
A growing emphasis on global thinking and local marketing planning:
Companies are increasing by pursuing market beyond their borders. When theyenter other countries they must follow the tradition of that country and also theymake plan for local market that which type of product has more demand and howcan it run in the market.Promotional Strategy :Under the market strategy promotional idea is very important. Organizationprovides some schemes or rebates to retailers or consumers. They makeadvertisement according to convenient of the people and the feature of theproduct.So on the basis of marketing strategy a organization runs in the market. It isseveral types of which makes helpful to increase sales and turnover of theorganization.
COMPETITORS Generally all organizations have competitors in the market. A particularorganization always comprises with other same business and according tomarket share we clarify the brand of product is giving more challenge to myproduct.I found many products which can be compared with Britannia Biscuit. As aconclusion I found that particularly in my provided area Britannia is really doingwell and its performance is on surprising level. During the field work and afterintensive study it was found that main competitor of Parle & Priyagold biscuits isBRITANNIA as the market leader.
When we compared with other businesses then we follow the quality, price,distribution system, promotional strategy etc. of the competitors Britannia in thisarea is doing well.So this is the comparison with other biscuits brands. According to our findings wefound that BRITANNIA is the market leader followed by BRITANNIA biscuits.These two biscuits companies the lion's share in the 2,200 crore biscuits industry.
CHAPTER V
Data Analysis
CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR :Understanding the buying behavior of the target market is the essential task ofmarketing management under marketing concept. The consumer market consistsof all the individuals and households who buy or acquire good and services forpersonal consumptions. The buying behavior tries to find out the answers for thequestions, who buys? How do they buy? Where do they buy? Do they buy?(A) FACTORS INFLUENCING CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR There are four major factors that influence the buying behavior such as cultural factors, social factors, personal factors, and psychological factors. i)CULTURAL FACTORS: Culture is the most fundamental determinant of a person wants and behavior. Values, perceptions, preferences, andbehavior are the main variable under culture of an individual. Each culturecontains sub-culture like nationality, religious group, geographical area,and linguistic divisions etc.ii) SOCIAL FACTORS: A consumer behavior is also influenced by social factors such as the consumer reference group family and social roles and status. iii) PERSONAL FACTORS: A buyer decision is also influenced by his or personal characteristics, notably the buyers age, lifestyle, occupation, economic circumstances etc. iv)PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS: a person buying choice is also influenced by four major psychological factors such as motivation, perception, learning belief and attitudes.
(B) BUYING DECISION PROCESS It includes buying roles, types of buying and steps in buying process. I.BUYING ROLE
The buying role could be classified into four parts. These are initiator, influencer, decider and buyer. II. TYPES OF BUYING BEHAVIOR Consumer decision taking varies with the type of buying decision. There are fourtypes buying behavior such as Complex buying behavior, Habitual buyingbehavior, Variety seeking buying behavior.III. STAGES IN BUYING DECISION PROCESS Here are five stages in buying decision process namely problem recognition search, evaluation of alternatives purchase decision and past purchase behavior. NEED RECOGNITION The buying process starts with the buyer’s recognition of a problem of need. The buyer senses a difference between his actual state and desired state. INFORMATION SEARCH There are different sources from where a consumer can gather information like personal sources commercial sources, experimental sources. EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVES After gathering information about different products the customer will be in a fussas to choose which product among the mainly alternatives consumer usuallyevaluate the alternatives on traditional basis, on the basis of utility function etc.from the many alternative consumers at last choose the best one for him.
PURCHASE DECISION A consumer who decides to execute purchase intention will be making up to five purchase decisions. POST PURCHASE BEHAVIOR After purchasing the product and services the consumer will experience somelevel of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the product and services that willinfluence subsequent behavior. If consumer is satisfied he may show theprobability of buying the product the next time, satisfied customer will say goodthing about the product, proving the statement that "satisfied customer is the bestadvertisement.” A dissatisfied customer may take some action against it. Theymay try to reduce the dissonance by abandoning returning the product.Understanding consumer needs and buying process is the foundation of anycompany. By understanding how buyers go through problem recognition,information search evaluation of alternatives, the purchase decision and post
purchase behavior marketers can pick up many clues as to how to meet buyersneed.
MARKET POTENTIAL Market potential of the BRITANNIA is much positive in competitive era and willsure cover the maximum market share of biscuit product. Potentiality of anyproduct depends upon the futuristic performance of the product. it depends thathow much retailers have potentiality to be permanent seller of BRITANNIA.For great potentiality it is necessary to improve those factors which are going to effect retailers. In my study I found some factors which can help to cover great potentiality. These factors are following: • Scheme delivery should in perfect determining time. • Some places distributors not able to cover his particular area. That should be improved. • Scheme facility should be regular as much as possible. • Small pack also should be in the market. • Always collect the views of retailers. It gives psychological effect on the retailers about care ness by manufacturing company. These factors are very important for the organization. If company is able toimprove these all factors then definitely its market share will more increase.Retailers will take more interest to sell Britannia biscuit and customer will alsoenjoy for it.So potentiality is very high to Britannia biscuit in positive direction.
Here is data collected from retailers of Aurangabad –
After going thick on the thing, now time is to make a complete picture. Whilemaking a product a SKU (Stock Keeping Unit) of the shop retailers think aboutthe GMROI (Gross Margin Return On Investment) and they promote the brandwhich provide them highest. They expect return in the form of profit margin,company schemes, window display and references of the shop. Among thesecompany schemes make the differences and are the highest source of motivationafter profit margin. Retailing demands a constant push from the company.
Marketer needs to use advertising and brand building strategies to address thediscerning buyers and retail push to in different buyers. The manufacturer shouldunderstand consumer behavior because retailers can't help quality and price. It isonly up to dealers said it is demand they sell Britannia that at retailshop it is brand popularity, which determine the purchase of biscuit.
There is a greater need to understand the retailer behavior considering them as ateam working for the company may help them to be attached to the company.There should be feeling of belonging to the company in inner of the retailers.Setting values club for retailers so that they may exchange views with thecompany and help in understanding consumer behavior.
Some more points to conclude - The perception of consumers indicates that Britannia is the undoubtful
leader of biscuit product in the urban part of India. With its market share of 38 percent as compared to 31 percent by its
competitive brand Parle, the company has targeted all segments of the industry considering price, age and taste as primary parameters of segmentation.
Britannia no-doubt as topped the sales static among its competitors , its visibility stats proof its effective advertising strategies and individual focus on segmentation.
Companies aggressive marketing strategies indicates its seriousness towards advertising and brand promotions.
Following strategies adopted by the organization.
A strong quality of the product and customer satisfaction: Customers always believe in good quality product. in my survey I found that in percentage term more people is quality conscious and not price conscious. Customer satisfaction is very important part of the organization that at any cost they have to fulfill.
A growing relationship with customer and customer retention: Nowadays a good relation with customer is very important for organization. Sale is totally depending on the relation with the customers. Customer's retention is also a major aspect for growing business. It means keep the old customer and try to make new customer.
Focus on competitors activity: Every organization should must be careful about it's competitors step, because they can disturb the growing sales process of the organization.
A growing emphasis on global thinking and local marketing planning: Companies are increasing by pursuing market beyond their borders. When they enter other countries they must follow the tradition of that country and also they make plan for local market that which type of product has more demand and how can it run in the market.
Promotional Strategy Under the market strategy promotional idea is very important. Organization
provides some schemes or rebates to retailers or consumers. They makeadvertisement according to convenient of the people and the feature of theproduct.
So on the basis of marketing strategy a organization runs in the market. It isseveral types of which makes helpful to increase sales and turnover of theorganization.