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Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull
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Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Jan 15, 2016

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Ethelbert Baker
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Page 1: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Axial Skeleton

Bones of the Skull

Page 2: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:
Page 3: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

The Skull: Two Sets of Bones

• The Cranium:

• Facial:

Page 4: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Cranium = 3 Sutures

Three Sutures

• Coronal• Sagittal• Lamboidal

Page 5: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Cranium = 8 Bones

• Frontal = 1• Parietal = 2• Temporal = 2• Occipital = 1• Sphenoid = 1• Ethmoid = 1

Page 6: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Frontal = #1(single)

Page 7: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Parietal = #2 (Pair)

Page 8: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Temporal = #4 (pair)

Page 9: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Bone Markings of the Temporal Bone

External Acoustic Meatus

• Canal that leads to the eardrum

Page 10: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Bone Markings of the Temporal Bone

Styloid Process

• Needle-like projection

• The site of muscle attachment for many neck muscles

Page 11: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Bone Markings of the Temporal Bone

Zygomatic Arch

• The bridge that joins with the cheek bone

Page 12: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Bone Markings of the Temporal Bone

Mastoid ProcessRough projection

posterior and inferior to the acoustic meatus

Filled with air cavaties called mastoid sinuses

Attachment site for neck muscles

Page 13: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Bone Markings of the Temporal Bone

• Openings:

• Jugular Foramen

• Carotid Canal

Page 14: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Occipital = #3 (single)

Page 15: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Bone Markings of the Occipital Bone

• Foramen Magnum

• Large opening that allows the spinal cord to connect with the brain

Page 16: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Bone Markings of the Occipital Bone

• Occipital Condyles

• Rest on the first vertebra of the spinal column

Page 17: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Sphenoid

• Butterfly shaped, spans the width of the skull

Page 18: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Markings of the Sphenoid

• Stella Turcica: “Turk’s Saddle” that holds the pituitary gland

• Foramen Ovale: Oval opening that allows Cranial Nerve V to pass to the chewing muscle

Page 19: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Ethmoid

Page 20: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Features of the Ethmoid

• Crista Galli: “Cock’s Comb” where the brain covering attaches

• Cribiform Plate: Nerves carrying olfactory receptors

Page 21: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Extensions of Ethmoid Bone

• Superior and Middle Nasal Conchae

• Form lateral walls of the nasal cavity

Page 22: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Facial Bones

• Maxillae (2 Fused)• Palatine (Paired)• Zygomatic• Lacrimal• Nasal• Vomer• Inferior Nasal

Conchae• Mandible

Page 23: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Maxillae

• Upper Jaw

• All facial bones except the mandible join the maxillae

• Carry the upper teeth

Page 24: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Palatine Bones

• Paired bones form the posterior part of the hard palate

Page 25: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Zygomatic Bones

• The cheekbones

• Form the eye sockets

Page 26: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Lacrimal Bones

• Medial walls of the orbit (eye socket) with a groove for tears (lacrima = tear)

Page 27: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Nasal Bones = #4

Page 28: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Vomer Bone

Page 29: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Inferior Nasal Conchae

Page 30: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Mandible

Page 31: Axial Skeleton Bones of the Skull. The Skull: Two Sets of Bones The Cranium: Facial:

Hyoid Bone

• Not included with skull• Closely related to the

mandible• Does not articulate

(suspended)• Base for tongue

movement• Attachment for neck

muscles• Not the Adam’s Apple,

that is the thyroid cartilage surrounding the larynx