Austria

REPUBLIC of AUSTRIA

By: Ahmed Zareer

• Austria lies in southern Central Europe and encompasses both the Eastern Alps, which cover almost two-thirds of its territory, and the Danube region.

• Because of its location, the country has always been a crossroads between the great economic and cultural regions of Europe.

• Austria has common borders with eight countries: Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Italy, Switzerland and Liechtenstein.

General Facts • Official Name: The Republic of Austria.

• Population: 8.49 million (01 Jan, 2013).

• Life expectancy: Men, 77/ Women, 82.79 Years,(2012).

• Official language: German Language

• Currency: Euro ‘€’

• Total area: 84,000 km2

Transportation

• Railways: 6,399 km (3,552 km electrified) (2011).

• Highways: 110,778 km; (including 1,677 km of express ways) (2011).

• Water ways: 358 km (2007). • Ports and harbors: Enns, Krems, Linz,

Vienna. • Airports: 55 (2011)

Railways Map

Road Map

Highways

Waterways Map

Airports

• Ethnic Groups:

- Major ethnic groups are:Austrians, (Germanic) 91.1%, former Yugoslavs 4% (Croatians, Slovenes, Serbs, Bosniaks),

Turks 1.6%, German 0.9%, other or unspecified 2.4% (2001)

• Religions.

- Christian Catholic: 63.2%- Christian Protestant: 7 %- Muslims: 6.2%- Non religious: 12%

Public Holidays

• New Year's Day: 1st January

• Easter: 19th April - 21st April

• National Holiday: 1st May

• Assumption of the Virgin Mary: 15th August

• National Holiday: 26th October

• Christmas: 24th - 26th December

• Banking working Hours (general):

Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday:8am to 12:30pm & 1:30pm to 3pm

Thursday:8am to 12:30pm & 1:30pm to 5:30pm

Climate of AustriaDue to the topographical diversity and the relatively large

west-east expanse, there are three quite different climatic regions:

• East: hot summers but only moderately cold winters.• Alpine Region: High precipitation, short summers and

long winters.• West: transient climate influenced by the Atlantic (in

the West) and a continental influence in the South-east. • Temperatures:Summer : Average of 20° degree.Winter : Average of 0° degree.

Geography of Austria

• Approximately 60% of Austrian territory is mountainous and belongs to the Eastern Alps (Tyrol Central Alps, Hohe Tauern and Niedere Tauern, Northern Calcareous or Limestone Alps, Southern Calcareous Alps and Wienerwald)

• Austria’s geographical position has long made it a crossroads for trade routes between the major European economic and cultural areas.

• The highest mountain peak in Austria is a part of the Alps is The Grossglockner as its 3798 m high

Most Important Lakes in Austria

1. Lake Neusiedl The largest lake in Europe 315 km² extends as far as Hungary. also known as the “Sea of the Viennese”. The vast waters are so shallow that you could walk across the lake and not go out of your depth.

2. Achensee

Achensee lake is largest lake in Tyrol and the second largest lake in Austria with 6.8 km².

3. Faaker See lake.

Considered to be the most beautiful lake in Austria also called as Alpine lake which is located in Carinthia with a surface area of 2.2 km².

4. Seegrotte Lake

Occupies not far away from Vienna in the village of Hinterbrül, there is the cave system with the largest underground lake in Europe with area at 6.2 Km².

Rivers of Austria

Danube RiverThe Danube is a river in Central and Eastern

Europe, the European Union's longest and the continent's second longest river in Europe after Volga river with a length of 2,860 km.

History of Austria EARLY ERA• There was a settlement in Austria science the

Paleolithic age until 800 BC at the Danube Valley and the Alpine valleys.

• In 400 BC the Celtic peoples from Western Europe settled in the eastern Alps and left us some of there iron made artifacts.

• 200 BC The Roman came to the area and by 15 BC they dominated the hole area.

• The most important Roman settlement in Austria was “Carnuntum”.

• Most important Romanians ruins in Carnuntum. Amphitheater Pagans' Gate

• 60 AD many of the German trips extended in Austria.

• mid-500’s AD the Bavarians controlled the territory between the eastern Alps and the Wienerwald region.

• 800 AD Charlemagne established a territory in the Danube valley known as the Ostmark (Eastern March)

• 996 AD the Ostmark was first referred to as "Ostarrichi", a clear forerunner of the modern German word "Österreich".

The Habsburgs Empire 1279-1780.

• 14th century Rudolf I announced a six centuries of Habsburg rule in Austria.

• The Imperial Palace in Vienna is one of the most important building in the Habsburgs Empire.

• Turkish WarsThe Ottoman Empire (Turks) threat, which included unsuccessful sieges of Vienna in 1529 and in 1683, prompted Poland, Venice, and Russia to join the Habsburg Empire in repelling the Turks.

• In the late 1690s, command of the imperial forces was entrusted to Prince Eugene of Savoy. Under his leadership, Habsburg forces won control of all but a small portion of Hungary by 1699.

The Battle for Vienna

The Holocaust in Austria• March 12, 1938, German troops

occupied the country.

• November 1938, the Nazis launched the Kristallnacht pogrom in Austria as well as in Germany.

• From March1938 to April 1945, most of the Jewish population (200,000) of the country was murdered or forced into exile.

• On May 15, 1955, the Austrian State Treaty was ratified, with Austria declaring its permanent neutrality.

• 1995 Austria becomes a member of the European Union.

Industry in Austria

• Metals industries, both production and related manufacturing accounted for 43.1%.

• Chemicals 12.6 %,• Foods and beverages 11.8%,• Forest products and paper 11.6%, • Textiles, leather, and clothing 7.7%,• Glass, pottery, and quarrying 5.3 percent,• Mining 4.%, • and Petrochemicals with 3.2 percent.

Agriculture and Forestry • Small and midsize rural structures 252,000 farms with the average size of 16 hectares*

• Building of grains: 60% of the land is arbale land 60% grass land – cattle attitude and milk production.

• The production of beef Covers 140% of the Nationalrequirements.

• Cultivation of wine.

* 1 hectare = 10,000 m²

Tourism Sector

• Tourism sector is high value niche in the Austrian economy as the contribution of the overall tourism and leisure industry to GDP was 14.8%.

• The direct and indirect value added from tourism recorded for 2012 was €45.53 billion.

Visitor expenditure

Austria in Tourism and Travel Competitiveness Index 2013

In 2013 Austria comes in the 3rd place in the Tourism and Travel competitiveness Index (TTCI).

Number of Tourist 2013

In the year of 2013 there increasing of the number of the tourist by 1.2% compared to 2012.

List of Austrian sites on the list of world heritage of UNESCO

City of Graz

Historic Centre and Schloss Eggenberg bear witness to an exemplary model of the living heritage of a central European urban complex influenced by the secular presence of the Habsburgs and the cultural and artistic role played by the main aristocratic families.

City of Graz – Historic Centre and Schloss Eggenberg 1999

The Fertö/Neusiedler Lake

Has been the meeting place of different cultures for eight millennia. This is graphically demonstrated by its varied landscape, the result of an evolutionary symbiosis between human activity and the physical environment

Fertö / Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape 2001

Salzkammergut

Human activity in the magnificent natural landscape of the Salzkammergut began in prehistoric times, with the salt deposits being exploited as early as the 2nd millennium BC

Hallstatt-Dachstein / Salzkammergut Cultural Landscape 1997

Historic Centre of the City of Salzburg

• Salzburg has managed to preserve an extraordinarily rich urban fabric, developed over the period from the Middle Ages to the 19th century when it was a city-state ruled by a prince-archbishop. Its Flamboyant Gothic art attracted many craftsmen and artists

Historic Centre of the City of Salzburg1996

Historic Centre of Vienna

• The historic centre of Vienna is rich in architectural ensembles, including Baroque castles and gardens, as well as the late-19th-century Ringstrasse lined with grand buildings, monuments and parks.

Historic Centre of Vienna2001

Palace and Gardens of Schönbrunn

From the 18th century to 1918, Schönbrunn was the residence of the Habsburg emperors. It was designed by the architects Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach and Nicolaus Pacassi and is full of outstanding examples of decorative art

Palace and Gardens of Schönbrunn1998

Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps

This serial property of 111 small individual sites encompasses the remains of prehistoric pile-dwelling (or stilt house) settlements in and around the Alps built from around 5000 to 500 B.C. on the edges of lakes, rivers or wetlands

Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps 2011

Semmering Railway

• The Semmering Railway, built over 41 km of high mountains between 1848 and 1854, is one of the greatest feats of civil engineering from this pioneering phase of railway building.

Semmering Railway1998

Wachau Cultural Landscape

• The Wachau is a stretch of the Danube Valley between Melk and Krems, a landscape of high visual quality. It preserves in an intact and visible form many traces - in terms of architecture, (monasteries, castles, ruins), urban design, (towns and villages), and agricultural use, principally for the cultivation of vines - of its evolution since prehistoric times.

Wachau Cultural Landscape2000

Vorarlberg

Facts about Vorarlberg

• the westernmost, and second smallest Austrian federal state after Vienna

• capital: Bregenz• Total Area: 2.601 km²• Population: 373,058 people• Main area for winter sports is the Arlberg

region

The Arlberg is not a mountain but the mountain pass (1793m) between Vorarlberg and Tyrol

• Lake Constance (Bodensee) is one of the biggest lakes in Europe

Cheese

• Cheese is one of the main agricultural products of Vorarlberg. Alpine cheese or "Bergkäse" is a regional specialty.

• Vorarlberg has about 40 regional types of cheese

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Skiing trails of Vorarlberg

Tyrol

Facts about Tyrol (Tirol)

Capital: Innsbruck

Total Area: 12,683.85 km2

Population: 714,469

Tyrol

• Dominated by the wonderful peaks of the Alps

• Neighbor federal states: Salzburg, Vorarlberg.

• Neighbor countries : Germany, Italy, Switzerland

Tyrol

• The highest mountain of North Tyrol is called Wildspitze (3768m)

• Stubaier Alpen (more • than 3000m high)

Tyrol

• Tyrol is famous of its bread and its important as a tradition for Easter.

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Skiing trails of Tyrol

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Fact about Carinthia

Capital: Klagenfurt

Area: 9.535 km²

Population: 558,300

Carinthia (karinsiya)• Chemical, mechanical engineering and

electrical industries are increasing constantly in the region.

• Tourism industry is one of the most important sectors for this state.

Carinthia

• Has a different tourist attraction such as Klagenfurt city and Villach. Also the midlevel towns such as Friesach and Gmünd

Klagenfurt

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Villach

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Friesach

Salzburg

Fact about Salzburg

• capital: Salzburg

• Area: 65.678 km2

• Population: 145,871

Salzburg is the fourth-largest city in

Austria and the capital of the federal

state of Salzburg. Salzburg's "Old Town"

has internationally renowned baroque

architecture and one of the best-

preserved city centers north of the Alps

• Salzburg is a tourist destination for winter sports and various music festivals.

• Mozart was born in Salzburg(1755-1791)

• Hermann Maier (skier)

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Upper

Austria

Facts about Upper Austria

• Capital: Linz

• Area: 11,981.92 km2

• Population: 1,416,772

• Considerd to be the fourth-largest federal state.

• Landscape concest of meny mountains, such as Totes Gebirge (Dead Mountains), Dachsteingebirge, Höllengebirge (Hell’s Mountains)

• Also concest of meny lakes and rivers, such as the Salzkammergut Lakes, the Danube River and the Enns River

Lower Austria

Fact about Lower Austria

• Capital: Sankt Pölten

• Area: 19,186 km2

• Population: 1,612,000

• Located in the north-east of Austria• Austria’s largest federal state. Mountains:• Hocheck (1061m) • Schneeberg (2076m) Passes crossing the Alps:• Semmering (985m)connecting Lower Austria and Styria

• Wechsel (980m)connecting Lower Austria and Styria

• It has 36 rivers, among them: Danube, Traisen, March and Thaya.

• the Wachau Valley is an important wine growing area and a World Heritage Site

Wachau Valley Wine Tour

AND FINALLY

Vienna

General Facts

• Area: 414.65 km• Population: 1,765,649 and growing • Ethnicity: 61.2% Austrian38.8% others

• The capital of Austria and a federal state at the same time.

• Vienna has more than 20% of Austria's population

• And considered to be its cultural, economical and political center.

The city was ranked 1st globally for its

culture of innovation in 2007 and 2008,

and fifth globally (out of 256 cities) in

the 2011 innovation city index , which

analyzed 162 indicators in covering

three areas: culture, infrastructure and

markets

Each year since 2005, Vienna has been the world's number one destination for international congresses and conventions. It attracts about five million tourists a year

“Vienna” City of Music Music is one of Vienna's legacies. Musical

prodigies including Mozart, Joseph

Haydn, Franz Schubert and Gustav

Mahler have worked there in Vienna

State Opera

• Art and culture had a long tradition in

Vienna, including theatre, opera, classical

music and fine arts. The Burgtheater is

considered one of the best theatres in the

German-speaking world alongside its branch,

the Akademietheater

Tourist Attraction of Vienna

• City Hall

• Parliament

• Burgtheater

• Hofburg

• Staatsoper

The Vienna City Hall

The City Hall is one of the most splendid amongst the numerous monumental buildings along Vienna's. Designed by Friedrich Schmidt (1825-1891), it was erected between 1872 and 1883. The architecture of the Ringstraße is dominated by historicism

Parliament

The foundation stone was laid in 1874; the building was completed in 1883. The architect responsible for its Greek revival style was Theophil Hansen. He designed the building holistically, each element harmonizing with the others.

Burgtheater

Burgtheater, originally known as K.K. Theater

an der Burg, then until 1918 as the K.K.

Hofburgtheater, is the Austrian National

Theatre in Vienna and one of the most

important German language theatres in the

world

Hofburg

• Hofburg Palace is a palace located in Vienna,

Austria, that has housed some of the most

powerful people in European and Austrian

history, including the Habsburg dynasty,

rulers of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

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