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Sewage & Sump Pumps System Design and Equipment Selection By: Bill Kapanen California Hydronics Corp www.calhydro.com [email protected] NorCal ASPE Sept 9 th 2008
60

ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Apr 03, 2015

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Page 1: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Sewage & Sump PumpsSystem Design

andEquipment Selection

By: Bill KapanenCalifornia Hydronics Corp

www.calhydro.com [email protected]

NorCal ASPE

Sept 9th 2008

Page 2: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

• Section 1: Centrifugal Pumps

• Section 2: System Sizing & Selection

• Section 3: Pump Stations

Seminar Overview

Page 3: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Rotating

RestingPressure

HighVelocity

At Rest

LowVelocity

IncreasedPressure

Operation of Centrifugal Pumps

Page 4: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Pump Impellers

Narrow

Wide

Page 5: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Impeller Vanes

Page 6: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Sanitary vs. Storm Pumps

5-VaneImpeller

2-VaneImpeller Sewage

Application

Clean WaterApplication

Page 7: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Effluent/Storm Pumps

Page 8: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Ball bearing

Sleave bearings

OverheadClearance

Sewage Pumps

Page 9: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Grinder Pump

Solids reduced to 3/8” dia

Page 10: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Outline: Section 2

• System Sizing & Selections:

– Sewage System

– Storm System

Page 11: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Sanitary System• California Plumbing Code (CPC) Chapter 7

– Wastewater Fixture Units• Table 7-3: Drainage Fixture Unit Values

– Hunter Curves• Total Flow, Appendix A (A-2 & A-3)

– Pipe Sizing• Scouring Velocity

– 2 ft/sec minimum (to prevent sedimentation)– 8 ft/sec maximum

• Slope– ¼” Standard

• Invert– Pump Sizing– Duplex Requirements

Page 12: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

5.04.0Urinal, 1.0 GPF

1.01.01.01.01-1/4”Lavatory, single

2.02.02.01-1/2”Laundry Sink, 1 or 2 compartments

2.02.02.01-1/2”Kitchen Sink, domestic, with grinder

0.0Food Drain, emergency

3.02”Food-waste-grinder, commercial

0.51-1/4”Drinking Fountain or Watercooler

6.04.03.03.03”Water Closet, 1.6 GPF Gravity Tank

2.02.02.01-1/2”Dishwasher, domestic

1.01-1/4”Dental Unit, cuspidor

3.03.03.02”Clothes Washer, domestic

6.03”Clinical Sink

1.01.01-1/4”Bidet

3.03.01-1/2”Bathtub or Combination Bath/Shower

2.01.01.01-1/2”Bar Sink

Heavy-Use Assembly

General Use

3 or more Dwellings

Individual Dwelling

PublicPrivateMin. Size Trap and Trap ArmIndividual Fixtures

UPC Table 7-3: Sample

Page 13: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Dem

and

GPM

100

80

60

40

20

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240

1

2

1 - Flush Valve Curve

2 - Flush Tank Curve

Fixture Units

“Hunter” Curves for Total Load

Page 14: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Fixture Units

Dem

and

GPM

500

400

300

200

100

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3500

1

2

“Hunter” Curves for Total Load

Page 15: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Pipe Sizing• Fluid Velocity Limitations

– 2 ft/sec minimum (Scouring Velocity)• EPA Title 35, Subtitle C, Section 370.470.1

– 8 ft/sec maximum (Erosion Prevention)

– Optimum velocity range = 3.5 to 5 ft/sec• Reduces maintenance costs and prevents sedimentation• “Criteria for Sewage Works Design” C2-3.2

– Minimum pipe size of 3” (Raw Sewage)

Page 16: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Pipe Sizing

• Pipe Slope

– Plumbing Code Requirements• CPC 708.0: Grade of Horizontal Draining Piping

– Smaller than 4” pipe: Not less than ¼” per foot, or 2%– 4” pipe or larger: 1/8” per foot, or 1% when first approved

by the authority having jurisdiction.

– ¼” per foot standard

Page 17: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Pipe Sizing

• Invert Location

– Result of Slope Requirements

• Affects Depth of Wet Pit (Basin)

• Limits Maximum Water Level

Page 18: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Pump Sizing

Pump Selection Considerations:1. Flow Rate (Q)2. Size of Pipe and Pump Discharge

• Solid Size3. Total Dynamic Head (TDH)4. Type of Pump

• Submersible, Vertical, Grinder

Page 19: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Pump Sizing

• Section 710.3 CPC*: Sewage Ejectors

– Sewage Ejectors (710.3.1): Minimum pump capacity = 20 GPM

– Sewage Ejectors (710.3.3) : Must pass 2”diameter solid ball & pump discharge requires backwater and gate valves with minimum size of 3” in diameter

– Grinder pumps (710.12) may be used * CPC= 2007 California Plumbing Code

Page 20: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Pump Sizing

• Select Pipe and Pump Discharge Size

For Rangeof Q =

18 - 85 gpm45 - 180 gpm80 - 320 gpm180 - 700 gpm

UsePipe Size

2 inch3 inch4 inch6 inch

Note: Maintains velocity of 2 - 8 feet per second

Page 21: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Pump Sizing

• Total Dynamic Head (TDH)

1. Static Head

2. Friction Loss through piping + valves

3. Back Pressure

Page 22: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Pump Sizing

• Type of Pump

– Ease of maintenance

– Explosion proof requirements

– Size and depth of basin

– Size of solids vs. size of pipe

Page 23: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Duplex Requirements

• Section 710.9 (CPC) Duplex Equipment:

– Any “public use” occupancy shall be provided with dual pumps.

– Pumps to be arranged to function alternately in normal use and independently in case of overload or mechanical failure.

Page 24: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Storm System

• Storm Drainage (CPC) Chapter 11– Total Flow

• Appendix D• No less than 15 GPM (CPC1101.5.3)

– Pipe Sizing• 1 ½” minimum discharge (CPC1101.5.3)

– Pump Sizing– Recommend Duplex System– Combining Systems

Page 25: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Total FlowCalifornia Plumbing Code (CPC)

D1: Roof DrainageTable D-1: Maximum Rates of Rainfall for Various Cities

Anchorage, AK 0.6 0.006San Francisco, CA 1.5 0.016Boise, ID 1.0 0.010Billings, MT 1.8 0.019Reno, NV 1.2 0.012Portland, OR 1.3 0.014Seattle, WA 1.0 0.010

City, State Inches/Hr. GPM/SqFt.

Page 26: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Total Flow

• Section 1101.5.3 CPC: Subsoil Drains

– Sized for all calculated area

– Minimum pump capacity of 15 GPM

Page 27: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Pump Sizing

Pump Selection Considerations:1. Flow Rate (Q)2. Size of Pipe and Pump Discharge

• Solid Size3. Total Dynamic Head (TDH)4. Type of Pump

• Submersible, Vertical, Grinder

Page 28: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Combining Systems

• Section 1104.3 CPC: Combining Storm with Sanitary Drainage

– Sanitary and storm must be separated

Page 29: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Outline: Section 3

• Pump Stations– Basin Selection and Sizing– Level Detection– Control Panel– Slide Rails– Basin Cover– Discharge Piping

Page 30: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

• Epoxy Lined Steel

• Cement-pre-cast, water pipe

• Fiberglass

• Cast Iron

Basin Construction

Page 31: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Sump Construction

• Section 710.8 CPC: Drainage of Fixtures

– Sumps shall be watertight and shall be constructed of concrete, metal, or other approved materials.

– Metal tanks shall be treated internally and externally to resist corrosion.

Page 32: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Basin Sizing

FIRST – What is the invert of the inlet pipe?

CPC 710.9: “The lowest inlet shall have a minimum clearance of 2” from the high water, or starting level, of the sump.”

Inlet

Page 33: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Basin Sizing

• Sizing Considerations

– Diameter to accommodate the pumps

– 3 to 6” between high water alarm and inlet

– Influential factors for depth and diameter• Building site constraints

Page 34: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Basin Sizing

• Sizing Considerations

– Prevent Pump Short Cycling• Pump run time = 1.5 minutes (duplex)• Longer run time = Larger basin

– Recommend 10 Starts per Hour Maximum• Increased pump life• 1 start every 6 minutes• (Pump run time of 3 minutes for a simplex pump)

Page 35: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Basin Sizing

• Pump Down Volume (V)

V = T x Q

Where (T) is the desired minimum run time and (Q) is the flow rate in GPM.

Page 36: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Cylindrical Basin Capacities

Diameter,in.

Capacity per Ftdepth, gal

18243036424860728496

142438537795150212290375

dia.

12”

Page 37: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Finalize Basin Depth

1. Top of Basin to Invert of the Inlet Pipe = ________ inchesCodes may specify minimum

2. Inlet to “Alarm” Float = ________ inches3 to 6 inches, Codes may specify

3. “Alarm” to “Lag” Float = ________ inches3 to 6 inches

4. “Lag” to “On” Float = ________ inches3 to 6 inches

5. Pump Down = ________ inches

6. Floor of Basin to Top of Pump Case = ________ inches2” Removal Pumps - 10 inches3” Removal Pumps - 12 inches4” Removal Pumps - 15 inches6” Removal Pumps - 19 inches Small to Medium Sized Floor Mounted Pumps - 10 inchesLarge Floor Mounted Pumps - 16 inches

Total Basin Depth ________ inches(Note: depths vary - consult pump manufacturer)

Page 38: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Inlet at calculateddepth as required bylocal plumbing code

Finished floor level Basin

24 inch or as specified

3 to 6 in.

Pumpdown

Low waterlevel

15 inches or as requiredby pump manufacturer

SlopeInlet

Off Float

3 to 6 in.

3 to 6 in.

Alarm FloatLag FloatOn Float

Basin Elevations

Page 39: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Basin Sizing ExampleD

eman

d G

PM

100

80

60

40

20

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240

1

2

Fixture Units

• 145 Fixture Units (FU) with Flush ValvesDemand Flow (Q) = 80 GPM

Page 40: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Basin Sizing

• Pump Down Volume (V)

V = T x Q

Where (T) is the desired minimum run time and (Q) is the flow rate in GPM.

V = 1.5 x 80 = 120 gallons

Page 41: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Cylindrical Basin Capacities

Diameter,in.

Capacity per Ftdepth, gal

18243036424860728496

142438537795150212290375

48”

16”120 gals95 gals/ft

= 16”

Page 42: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Finalize Basin Depth

1. Top of Basin to Invert of the Inlet Pipe = ________ inchesCodes may specify minimum

2. Inlet to “Alarm” Float = ________ inches3 to 6 inches, Codes may specify

3. “Alarm” to “Lag” Float = ________ inches3 to 6 inches

4. “Lag” to “On” Float = ________ inches3 to 6 inches

5. Pump Down = ________ inches

6. Floor of Basin to Top of Pump Case = ________ inches2” Removal Pumps - 10 inches3” Removal Pumps - 12 inches4” Removal Pumps - 15 inches6” Removal Pumps - 19 inches Small to Medium Sized Floor Mounted Pumps - 10 inchesLarge Floor Mounted Pumps - 16 inches

Total Basin Depth ________ inches(Note: consult mfgr)

12

3

3

3

16

15

52

Page 43: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Level Detection

Low waterlevel

Inlet

Off Float

Alarm FloatLag Float

On Float

Page 44: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Level Detection

Tethered Floats

Page 45: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Level Detection

Pressure DiaphragmPedestal Mounted

Page 46: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing
Page 47: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Control Panel

• Pump Control Panel

– Disconnects– Starters with Overload Protection– H.O.A. Switches– Alarm Systems– Elapsed Time Meters– Lead/Lag Alternation for Duplex Systems

Page 48: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

4

3

2

1

HighLevelAlarm

LagPump

OnLeadPump

On

PumpOff

Control Panel

Pump StationControls

Page 49: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Slide Rails

• Pump Removal System

Page 50: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

4

3

2

1

Control Panel

Inlet

Guide RailHolder

Pumps must be mounted onto a removal system to prevent entry into wet well “confined”space, as defined by OSHA.

Removal System slide rail system – allows pump removal without entry into wet well.

Removal System

Page 51: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Basin Covers

• Covers, Frames and Hatches

– Pump Access

– Control Openings

– Discharge Openings

– Vent Openings

Page 52: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Traffic Rated Cover

• Load Category = “H20”

– Parking Garage

– Parking Lots

– Access Roads

Page 53: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

H20 Rated Cover

• Traffic Rated Cover

– Parking Garage

– Parking Lots

– Access Roads

Page 54: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Discharge Piping

• Section 710.6 CPC:

– Backwater valves, gate valves…unions…shall be located where they will be accessible for inspection and repair at all times….

Page 55: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

DresserCoupling

Valve Box

4”04”0

4”0

PortableHoist

Foundation

PortableHoist

MountingSocket

Inlet

Wet Well

Page 56: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

• Motor/Panel Options:

– Explosion Proof Motors

– Intrinsically Safe Control Circuits

Page 57: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Intrinsically Safe

• Control Panel– Intrinsically safe control circuits– 9VDC Circuit inside floats

Page 58: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Motor Options

• Moisture Sensor– Used to sense failure of mechanical seal

• Temperature Sensor– Protect motor from overheating

• Explosion Proof– Required for Division 1 applications

Page 59: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Submersible Pump Options

Page 60: ASPE Sump Pump Sizing

Sewage & Sump Pumps

Thank You!

NorCal ASPE