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Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction Part 1of 3
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Asexual Sexual Reproduction ppt-7 - Weeblyleannortiz.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/7/7/8277852/asexual... · 2018. 10. 10. · Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction

Mar 06, 2021

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Page 1: Asexual Sexual Reproduction ppt-7 - Weeblyleannortiz.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/7/7/8277852/asexual... · 2018. 10. 10. · Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction

Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction

Part 1of 3

Page 2: Asexual Sexual Reproduction ppt-7 - Weeblyleannortiz.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/7/7/8277852/asexual... · 2018. 10. 10. · Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction

UNIT QUESTION:

What new information has modern day biology been able to uncover about planarian stem cells and regeneration and what do these findings tell us about the human capacity for regeneration?

Superhero Science - Limb Regeneration (2:18)

Page 3: Asexual Sexual Reproduction ppt-7 - Weeblyleannortiz.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/7/7/8277852/asexual... · 2018. 10. 10. · Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction

Objective

To compare methods of sexual and asexual reproductionReading - Two Methods of Reproduction

Page 4: Asexual Sexual Reproduction ppt-7 - Weeblyleannortiz.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/7/7/8277852/asexual... · 2018. 10. 10. · Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction

Asexual Reproduction vs. Sexual Reproduction

• Asexual Reproduction– involves only 1 parent– offspring genetically

identical to parent– involves regular body

cells– its quick

• Sexual Reproduction– involves 2 parents– offspring genetic mix

of both parents– involves specialized

sex cells– its slow

Page 5: Asexual Sexual Reproduction ppt-7 - Weeblyleannortiz.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/7/7/8277852/asexual... · 2018. 10. 10. · Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction

Asexual Reproduction

• Binary fission– happens in bacteria, amoeba, some algae– one parent cell splits into 2 identical daughter

cells• Budding

– happens in yeast, hydra, corals– parent produces a bud– bud gets detached and develops into offspring

which is identical to parent

Page 6: Asexual Sexual Reproduction ppt-7 - Weeblyleannortiz.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/7/7/8277852/asexual... · 2018. 10. 10. · Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction

Types of Asexual Reproduction

Binary Fission

1. Organism divides in half 2. 2 identical daughter cells

produced 3. Daughter cells are half

the parent’s size 4. Daughter cells grow, then

divide too 5. In bacteria (amoeba,

paramecium)

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Binary Fission - Asexual Reproduction

Rod-Shaped Bacterium, hemorrhagic E. coli

2 daughter cells are identical to parent

Bacteria reproducing video (45 sec)

Page 8: Asexual Sexual Reproduction ppt-7 - Weeblyleannortiz.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/7/7/8277852/asexual... · 2018. 10. 10. · Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction

Types of Asexual Reproduction Budding 1. Small bud grows out of

parent cell 2. Two different sized cells

made (with identical DNA) 3. Bud breaks off and

grows 4. In yeast and hydra

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Budding - Asexual Reproduction

Yeast and Hydra - Budding video (2:47)Budding in a Hydra (1:27)

Yeast is a single-celled fungi. There are over 1500 known species of fungi but that might only be 1 % of all fungal species.

A hydra is a multi-cellular freshwater animal.

Page 10: Asexual Sexual Reproduction ppt-7 - Weeblyleannortiz.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/7/7/8277852/asexual... · 2018. 10. 10. · Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction

Types of Asexual Reproduction Regeneration (Fragmentation)

1. Repair/ grow lost body parts 2. Left over cells divide to make

more cells 3. Lobsters, starfish, lizards,

planarian

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Fragmentation (Regeneration)

Planarian video (7:17)

Sea Star Regeneration- Bucket of Stars (2:07)

Sea Star Regeneration (1:07)

Sea-urchin Sand dollar

Page 12: Asexual Sexual Reproduction ppt-7 - Weeblyleannortiz.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/7/7/8277852/asexual... · 2018. 10. 10. · Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction

ParthenogenesisParthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction where growth and development of embryos occur without fertilization.

In plants, parthenogenesis means development of an embryo from an unfertilized egg cell.

The word parthenogenesis comes from the Greek παρθένος, parthenos, meaning "virgin", and γένεσις, genesis, meaning "birth".

The term is sometimes used inaccurately to describe reproduction modes in hermaphroditic species that can reproduce by themselves because they contain reproductive organs of both sexes in a single individual's body.

Parthenogenesis occurs naturally in many plants, some invertebrate animal species (including nematodes, water fleas, some scorpions, aphids, some bees, some Phasmida, and parasitic wasps) and a few vertebrates (such as some fish,amphibians, reptiles,and very rarely birds). This type of reproduction has been induced artificially in a few species including fish and amphibians.

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Parthenogenesis

The three Whiptail Lizards on view in the Hall of Reptiles and Amphibians all play a part in one of the greatest mysteries of nature. The New Mexico Whiptail, pictured here, is an all-female species.

When the New Mexico Whiptail, as well as several other all-female species of whiptail lizard, does reproduce, and all of its offspring are female. Moreover, it reproduces by parthenogenesis -- its eggs require no fertilization, and its offspring are exact and complete genetic duplicates of the mother.

Scientists understand only partially how this reproductive mode developed, and it raises many questions. One of the most intriguing is how this cloning affects the lizard's ability to adapt to environmental changes. Since there is no genetic variation except that which occurs through mutation, the New Mexico Whiptail cannot evolve as other species do.

The New Mexico Whiptail Lizard also offers an extraordinary opportunity to learn more about the role of sperm in fertilization, as well as about cloning.

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Asexual Reproduction contd.• Spore Formation

– happens in fungi, green algae, molds and non- flowering plants (e.g. ferns)

– spores are produced and each spore develops into offspring which are identical to parent

• Vegetative Reproduction– does not involve seeds– some offspring can grow from cuttings (e.g.

coleus), runners (e.g. strawberries), tubers (e.g. potatoes) or bulbs (e.g. tulips)… which are part of the parent plant

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Spore FormationFungi

Fern

Fern reproduction (1:30 )

Fungi (3:03)

Mold and How it Affects Your Body (2:09)

Bread mold (:25)

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Vegetative Reproduction

Sugarcane - Vegetative Reproduction (:30)

Potato Sequence (:24)

How to Grow Avocado Plants (2:38)

What are Root Flower Bulbs? (2:40)

Can Grass Grow From Clippings? (1:01)

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Asexual Ant - Females Only!• Mycocepurus_smithii (1:30)

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Asexual Reproduction - Review Asexual

Reproduction 1. One parent 2. No sex cells 3. Offspring produced by

cell division 4. Offspring identical to

parent (same DNA) 5. Several types in plants

and animals