Arabic Reading Writing Module 2-Bilal Philips-C-

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University



2

by

Dr. Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips



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Module 2

ب ت ك م

Lesson Two



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LESSON TWO : الدرس الثاوي

Connecting Form Name of the Letter Sound of the Letter b ب baa تـ

t ت taa تـ

k ك kaaf كـ

m م meem مـ

The above letters are all connectors and as such have joining forms. It should

be noted that the distinction between the letters noon, baa, yaa and taa in the

connecting forms is a dot or two above or below the letter.

baa ب

1. The letter ب baa is equivalent to the consonant ‘b’ in English and it is written

with a single stroke. It begins from the right with a slightly curved downward

horizontal stroke followed by a vertical extension and ending in an upward,

slightly curved, horizontal stroke giving the letter a ‘canoe-like’ shape. It should

rest on the line and not below it as in the case of ن noon. The letter ب baa is a

connector and thus has a connecting form identical to the connecting form of ن

noon, except that the dot is placed below the vertical extension instead of above

it.

..........................................................................................................................



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Attempt:

1. Reading Exercise 1

2. Writing Exercise 1

At this point and submit before proceeding.

taa ت

2. The letter ت taa is pronounced like the English ‘t’ in ‘tea’ and is written with

exactly the same way as ب baa, except that it has two dots above it instead of one

below. It should rest on the line and not below the line. And its connecting form

is also identical to that of ي yaa except that its two dots are above the letter

instead of below.

Attempt:




3. The letter ك kaaf is pronounced like the English consonant ‘k’and is written in

two strokes. The first stroke is a vertical downward stroke like that of the alif

followed by a horizontal extension to the left with a slight upward curl at its end



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like that of the baa. The second stroke is like a stretched ‘s’. It should rest on the

line and not below the line.

..........................................................................................................................

The letter ك kaaf is a connector, and its connecting form is that of a backward ‘z’

made in two strokes. The first stroke is a 45-degree downward slant to the right

followed by a curved extension to the left, like a large د daal. The second stroke

is a 45-degree downward slant to the left which meets the upper tip of the big daal

to form a 90-degree angle.

..........................................................................................................................

Attempt:




meem م

4. The letter م meem is pronounced like the consonant ‘m’ in English and is

written in a single stroke. The stroke begins at the left above the line and makes a

rounded triangle whose end goes below the line as a tail.



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..........................................................................................................................

The head of the connecting form of م meem (ie. مـ ) is formed differently than its

basic form. Instead of the stroke moving in a clockwise direction, it begins above

the line to the left and forms an oval by moving counter-clockwise and its tail

runs along the line.

..........................................................................................................................

In the middle of words the head of م meem is formed yet another way to

facilitate the flow of writing. The extension of the previous letter rises from the

line at a 45 degree angle to the left, then an ‘o’ is made by returning to the right

and closing the circle above the line, then its extension goes back down to the line

at a 45 degree angle then along the line. e.g. ـ مـ becomes ـمـ .

..........................................................................................................................

At the end, after closing the circle, the extension moves left, perpendicular to

the line then down as a tail below the line. e.g. ـ م becomes ـم .

..........................................................................................................................

Thus the letter م meem has four different forms which should be learned and

practised until their formation becomes easy.



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meem م مـ ـمـ ـم

Attempt:




Distinguishing Between Long

and Short Vowels

وم ـ وام ام ـ م ك ة ـ كاتة 1

.......................... ........................ .........................

.......................... ........................ .........................

رماد ـ رمد وث ـ وثات اب ـ ب 2

.......................... ........................ .........................

.......................... ........................ .........................

ماس ـ م مد ـ ماد د ـ اد 3



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.......................... ........................ .........................

.......................... ........................ .........................

تم ـ تمست تددر ـ تدر ت سد ـ ت د 4

.......................... ........................ .........................

.......................... ........................ .........................

وم ـ ومس ـ س ك ـ ك س 5

.......................... ........................ .........................

.......................... ........................ .........................

تارد ـ ت رد م س ـ ماك كاتم ـ ك سم 6

.......................... ........................ .........................

.......................... ........................ .........................

واك ـ و س ت سر ـ تسك ك سم ـ كاتم 7

.......................... ........................ .........................

.......................... ........................ .........................

تاك ـ ت س كثس ـ كات مسي ـ امي 8



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.......................... ........................ .........................

.......................... ........................ .........................

Attempt:



3. Dictation 1


Distinguishing between Look-alike

letters

تث تاو وات تسه 1

................. ..................... ................. ..................

................. ..................... ................. ..................

تثسه تىات وثات راتة 2

................. ..................... ................. ..................

................. ..................... ................. ..................



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نت ا تثارك 3 تم ره و دارس

................. ..................... ................. ..................

................. ..................... ................. ..................

Attempt:



3. Dictation 2


Past Tense Verbs & Pronouns

درس ك ة ركة he rode he wrote he studied

In Arabic, suffixes added to the basic verb indicate the subject. The past

tense singular masculine form is used as the standard instead of the infinitive as

used in English. By removing the last fat-hah, the stem is identified (e.g. ركة

rakib ) The fat-hah indicates ‘he’, ت indicates ‘she’, ت ‘I’, ت ‘you (m.)’,

.’you (pl.m.)‘ تم we’, and‘ وا ,’they (f.)‘ ن



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در ك ث ركث 1

........................ .......................... ..........................

در ك ث ركث 2

........................ .......................... ..........................

در ك ث ركث 3

........................ .......................... ..........................

در ه ك ثه ركثه 4

........................ .......................... ..........................

در ىا ك ثىا ركثىا 5

........................ .......................... ..........................

در م ك ث م ركث م 6

........................ .......................... ..........................

Attempt:






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Attached Pronouns

م ة درس ك اب book lesson office

The pronouns, ‘my’, ‘your’, ‘our’, are expressed as suffixes attached to nouns.

The suffix for ‘my’ is ـي for ‘your’ singular masculine is ـي , feminine is ـي , plural masculine ـ م , and ‘our’ is ـىا .

ك ات م ك اتىا ك اتي ك اتي 1

.................. .................. .................. ..................

در م در ىا در ي در ي 2

.................. .................. .................. ..................

م ث م م ثىا م ثي م ثي 3

.................. .................. .................. ..................

Attempt:






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Reading & Writing Exercise :اقرأ الجمل اآلثية ثم اكثةها

Read the following sentences and then write

them:

م ة ك رم وام ت 1

.................................... ..........................................

Kareem’s office Bakr went to sleep.

درس دره درس مىس 2

.................................... ..........................................

a religious lesson Muneer studied.

ه مس ك ة م م 3

.................................... ..........................................

Sameer’s residence Makram wrote.

ار وادر دار امي 4

.................................... ..........................................

Naadir travelled. Saamee’s home



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م كة تام ك اب م ي 5

.................................... ..........................................

Taamir’s vehicle Mursee’s book

كث م م تاب ت ي 6

.................................... ..........................................

Makram got big. Bakree repented.

ركة ك رم تات مس 7

.................................... ..........................................

Kareem rode. Sameer passed the night.

Attempt:


2. Writing Exercise 9 and 10

3. Dictation 3


Arabic Reading Writing Module 2-Bilal Philips-C-

Documents

islamic online university

arabic reading

degree downward slant

45 degree angle

vertical extension

connecting form

single stroke

letter kaaf