AQUACULTURE IN SERBIA - Adriatic-Ionian

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AQUACULTURE IN SERBIAState, Problems, Potential and Scientific Support to

the Improvement of Freshwater Aquaculture

Mirko Novaković, senior adviser

Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water

Management

Prof. dr Zoran Marković, Faculty of Agriculture,

Belgrade, Serbia

Aquaculture in Serbia

• Carp fish farms (most in quantity)

• Trout fish farms (2-3 times less than the amount of carp produced)

• Cage systems (small number of cage systems)

• RAS systems (several smaller-capacity RAS)

• Aquaponic systems (only a few small capacity)

Fish production

Location of fish farms

Trout fish farms in the hilly and mountainous parts of Serbia

Carp fish farms in AP Vojvodina

Fish production

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Trout t

Carp t

0

0,5

1

1,5

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Amount of fish produced in aquaculture per capita

Production of warm-water (carp) fish species

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Area of carp fish farms (ha)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Fish juvenile

000t

Consumable

fish 000t

Production of warm-water fish farms per species 000 t

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 20182019

European catfish

white and gray bighead

white grasscarp

other fish

Carp

0,4 8,2

2,6

2,5

86,3

European catfish

white and gray bighead

white grasscarp

other fish

Carp

Production of trout

Areas under trout ponds in m2 in the period 2008-2019

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Quantity of trout produced in 000 t in the period 2008-2019

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

fish juvenile 000 t

Consumable fish 000 t

PROBLEMS?

In carp aquaculture

koi herpes virus – KHV (Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 – CyHV-2) +Carp edema virus - CEV

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

fish juvenile 000 t

consumable fish 000 t

• In trout aquaculture

Climate changes - less and less water at springs!

• Closed farmers markets during the spring period!

• Prohibition of gatherings (shortened restaurant opening hours, ban on gatherings at celebrations ...) during the entire Covid period

Consequences:

• Decrease in sales of freshwater - fresh fish(by 30%)

• The fall in prices due to reduced demand (carp by 30% , trout by 10%)

• Reduced financial potential of fish farmers

• Discontinuation of pond production (mainly carp)

PROBLEMS caused by Covid-19

POTENTIAL and CHANCES

Very large areas (over 100,000 ha) of low fertility landin Vojvodina (Banat) next to watercourses and canals

on which new carp fishponds can be built

Available water resources

Domestic raw materials (excluding fishmeal) for fish

feed, Large capacity for production of extruded fish

feed

Existence of modern breeding programs for carp and

trout

Rising processing capacities

Deficit of fish on the domestic and European

markets

Constant growth of fish consumption in Europe and

the world

SCIENCE PRODUCTION!

Examples of support to the aquaculture sector through scientific results and gaining practical

experience !

Every 3 years (past 2 decades) at the Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade are organized international conferences with small fairs and workshops for producers

In 2009, the Center for fisheries and applied hydrobiology

“Little Danube” was established, as a part of Experimentalproperty of Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade

Thanks to the scientific results and cooperation of scientists and producers

Carp farming technology based on extruded feed has been introduced in Serbia since 2005, which has resulted in a multiple increase in carp production, as well as improved quality of carp meat

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Consumable carp 000 t

Total production of

consumable fish on carp

fish farms 000 t

Introduction of

extruded feed

Beginning of the virus effect

In the past few years, a dozen small carp ponds

that produce carp in an intensive system in a two-year cycle have been established

Results:

- Shortened production period from 3 to 2 years

- Increased production per ha (5 - 10 t)

- Fishponds are supplied with water from the aquifer, thereby providing a better quality of the water, and which has a positive impact on the quality of meat of carp

- The production is based exclusively on extruded feed, which additionally enables improvement of the quality of carp meat

Effects in aquaculture are expected soon fromthe obtained scientific results in:

- Production of Omega 3 carp (with increased content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and improved ratio of Ω 3 and Ω 6 fatty acids )

- The use of selected juvenile carp on increased production results on carp fish farms

- The use of selected juvenile trout on increased production results on trout fish farms

Thank You.

[email protected]