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ANZIO (Operation Shingle) RTO Trainer – 1/180 th INF BN, OKARNG 1 st Platoon, BNCOC Class 07-408
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Anzio (Operation Shingle)

May 08, 2015

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Page 1: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

ANZIO (Operation Shingle)

RTO Trainer – 1/180th INF BN, OKARNG

1st Platoon, BNCOC Class 07-408

Page 2: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

UNCLASSIFIED

ANZIO UNCLASSIFIED Information Briefing Scope:

A description of the events and major personalities involved with the Allied landing at Anzio, Italy during WWII.

Also, an explanation of the strategic importance of the landing, its intent vs. the result.

Page 3: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Outline Order of Battle – Allies Order of Battle – Axis Key Leaders Sequence of Major Events Medal of Honor Recipients The Big Picture Questions? Conclusion

Page 4: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Order of Battle – Allies (UK) British 1st Infantry Division 46th Royal Tank Regiment 2 Special Service Brigade (partial) No.9 Commando No.43 Commando (RM) British 56th Infantry Division

Page 5: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Order of Battle – Allies (US) 1st Ranger Battalion 3rd Ranger Battalion 4th Ranger Battalion 509th Parachute Infantry Battalion (PIB) 3rd Infantry Division 1st Armored Division 45th Infantry Division 34th Infantry Division 1st Special Service Force (US-Canadian) Task Force 81 (Navy – Multinational)

Page 6: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Order of Battle -- Axis 4th Parachute Division Hermann Goering Division 3rd Panzergrenadier 71st Infantry Division 3 Division Equivalents (Germany, 65th Infantry Division 715th Motorized Infantry Division 114th Light Infantry Division 362d Infantry Division 26th Panzer Division 29th Panzergrenadier 16th SS Panzergrenadier LXXVI Panzer Corps Fourteenth Army

Page 7: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Key Leaders (Allies) Field Marshall Harold Alexander

British—Overall Commander, Operation Shingle

General Mark W. Clark US—5th Army Commander

Page 8: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Key Leaders (Allies) Lieutenant General John P. Lucas

US—VI Corps Commander

Major General Lucian Truscott US—3rd ID Commander—

Replaced Lucas 23 February 1944

Page 9: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Key Leaders (Axis) Field Marshall Albert Kesslering

Germany – Commander in Chief Southwest (All German forces in Italy)

General Eberhard von Mackensen Germany – Commander Fourteenth Army – Given

command of Anzio containment 24 January 1944

Page 10: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Sequence of Major Events October 1943

Germans establish a new defensive The Winter Line Eisenhower obtains landing craft for two divisions Allies will attempt an “end run”

Intent: Break the Winter Line Cut or threaten Axis lines of communication

Page 11: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Sequence of Major Events (cont) GEN Mark Clark selects VI Corps

Chooses MG Lucas to lead Corps 22 January, 1944

VI Corps lands, unopposed at Anzio All 1st Day’s objectives achieved by noon Advanced 3 – 4 miles inland

Page 12: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Sequence of Major Events (cont) Success breeds

hesitation Germans totally

surprised Lucas fails to order

units forward Routes to Rome clear

of resistance

Page 13: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Sequence of Major Events (cont) German Field Marshal

Kesselring reacts Rushes reserve units to

Anzio Establishes

containment of beachhead

Page 14: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Sequence of Major Events (cont) 16 February 1944 –

German counterattack! Major fighting in 45th

Division and 3rd Division sectors

The Factory

Page 15: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Sequence of Major Events (cont) 11 May 1944 – The Winter Line

Major offensive unhinges German resistance 5th Army and 8th Army advance up Liri Valley

25 – 26 May 1944 --VI Corps attack Breakout toward Rome

4 June 1944 – VI Corps enters Rome 6 June 1944 – Operation Overlord

Page 16: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Sequence of Major Events (cont) The Breakout

45th, 36th, 3rd, 1st Armor, all advance

Contact with II Corps advancing from North made on 25th

Page 17: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Medal of Honor Recipients Sgt. Sylvester Antolak - 3rd Div. T/Sgt. Van T. Barfoot - 45th Div. Pvt. Herbert F. Christian - 3rd Div. T/Sgt. Ernest H. Dervishian - 34th

Div. PFC John W. Dutko - 3rd Div. PFC Lloyd C. Hawks - 3rd Div. 2nd LT. Thomas W. Fowler - 1st

Armor Capt. William W. Gault - 34th Div. T/5 Eric Gibson - 3rd Div. S/Sgt. George J. Hall - 34th Div. Cpl. Paul B. Huff - 509th Para. Inf.

Bn.

Pvt. Elden H. Johnson - 3rd Div. PFC William H. Johnson - 45th Div. PFC Patrick L. Kessler - 3rd Div. PFC Alton W. Knappenberger - 3rd

Div. Pvt. James H. Mills - 3rd Div. 1st LT. Jack C. Montgomery - 45th

Div. 1st LT. Beryl R. Newman - 34th Div. Sgt. Truman O. Olson - 3rd Div. PFC Henry Schauer - 3rd Div. Pvt. Furman L. Smith - 34th Div. PFC John C. Squires - 3rd Div.

Page 18: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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The Big Picture – D-Day Anzio Landings failed it’s intent Still a strategic success

Forced German commitment of reserve units Between Anzio and Winter Line, tied down 26

German divisions

Page 19: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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ANZIO

QUESTIONS?

Page 20: Anzio (Operation Shingle)

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Conclusion Failed the intent

"I had hoped we were hurling a wildcat into the shore, but all we got was a stranded whale.“

– Winston Churchill Enabled D-Day success

“You’d better keep putting ammunition and supplies on the beach behind us, because the 45th is staying.” –Major General Troy Middleton, on being offered a chance to withdraw

Tied down 26 German divisions