Antebellum America Politics, Economics, and Society 1820-1860.

Antebellum AmericaAntebellum America

Politics, Economics, and Society 1820-1860

Politics, Economics, and Society 1820-1860

PoliticsPolitics

Corrupt Bargain of 1824Corrupt Bargain of 1824

Move to universal male suffrage Four “Republicans” split the vote and no one got a

majority of the electoral college vote By the 12th amendment, it went to a vote of the

House of Reps. Former candidate Clay was Speaker of the House

and did not want Jackson or ailing Crawford to win--threw support to John Quincy Adams

Clay was then appointed Secretary of State Tarnished reputations of both men

Move to universal male suffrage Four “Republicans” split the vote and no one got a

majority of the electoral college vote By the 12th amendment, it went to a vote of the

House of Reps. Former candidate Clay was Speaker of the House

and did not want Jackson or ailing Crawford to win--threw support to John Quincy Adams

Clay was then appointed Secretary of State Tarnished reputations of both men

John Quincy AdamsJohn Quincy Adams

Spent many years as a respected diplomat Lacked the personal touch, though Urged build up of roads, national universities,

observatories Ideas were not popular with states’ rights

advocates Criticism starts early and continues throughout his

presidency although most of claims were fabricated by Jackson supporters

Spent many years as a respected diplomat Lacked the personal touch, though Urged build up of roads, national universities,

observatories Ideas were not popular with states’ rights

advocates Criticism starts early and continues throughout his

presidency although most of claims were fabricated by Jackson supporters

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Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson

Representative of the rough-and-tumble west

Had lived a hard life Allowed commoners into his government Commanded fear and respect-vetoed laws

and often ignored the Supreme Court Spoils system--rewarded supporters with

government positions

Representative of the rough-and-tumble west

Had lived a hard life Allowed commoners into his government Commanded fear and respect-vetoed laws

and often ignored the Supreme Court Spoils system--rewarded supporters with

government positions

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Tariff of AbominationsTariff of Abominations

Wool manufactures in NE wanted higher tariffs 1828-Jackson tried to make Adams look bad by

allowing 45% tariff to pass South complained that it just raised their prices John C. Calhoun calls for nullification of the tariff

by the states (only SC supported) Tariff of 1832- lowered tariff some “Bloody” Bill--gave president right to use army

and navy to collect tariffs

Wool manufactures in NE wanted higher tariffs 1828-Jackson tried to make Adams look bad by

allowing 45% tariff to pass South complained that it just raised their prices John C. Calhoun calls for nullification of the tariff

by the states (only SC supported) Tariff of 1832- lowered tariff some “Bloody” Bill--gave president right to use army

and navy to collect tariffs

Trail of TearsTrail of Tears

Indians pushed off lands as states formed--supposed to sign official treaties

Some groups tried to assimilate and Christianize them

Jackson passes the Indian Removal Act to transfer Cherokee groups to Oklahoma

Established the Bureau of Indian Affairs Put down Seminole uprisings in Florida

Indians pushed off lands as states formed--supposed to sign official treaties

Some groups tried to assimilate and Christianize them

Jackson passes the Indian Removal Act to transfer Cherokee groups to Oklahoma

Established the Bureau of Indian Affairs Put down Seminole uprisings in Florida

Bank WarBank War Jackson believed the Bank of the United States was a

conspiracy against the common man--tool to make the rich richer

BUS was trying to reign in “wildcat” western banks that printed paper money and speculated on land

Henry Clay tried to end Jackson’s popularity by trying to renew the BUS charter; it passes by Jackson vetos it (even though Marshall says it is legal)

Jackson began removing funds to drain wealth Sends economic system into a tailspin

Jackson believed the Bank of the United States was a conspiracy against the common man--tool to make the rich richer

BUS was trying to reign in “wildcat” western banks that printed paper money and speculated on land

Henry Clay tried to end Jackson’s popularity by trying to renew the BUS charter; it passes by Jackson vetos it (even though Marshall says it is legal)

Jackson began removing funds to drain wealth Sends economic system into a tailspin

Anti-Masonic PartyAnti-Masonic Party

New party develops against establishment of the Masons

Aligned with Jackson’s views, but anti-Jackson Supported by church members that wanted reform First time parties had National Conventions Clay lands his third loss

New party develops against establishment of the Masons

Aligned with Jackson’s views, but anti-Jackson Supported by church members that wanted reform First time parties had National Conventions Clay lands his third loss

Two Party SystemTwo Party System

A wide group assembled in opposition to “King Andrew”

Called themselves the Whigs--hoped to split votes and send election to House of Reps

Jackson put forward Martin van Buren Whigs were too disorganized in 1836

A wide group assembled in opposition to “King Andrew”

Called themselves the Whigs--hoped to split votes and send election to House of Reps

Jackson put forward Martin van Buren Whigs were too disorganized in 1836

Martin Van BurenMartin Van Buren

Inherited bank mess from Jackson Supported the “Divorce Bill” to remove

banking from US government Beginning of independent treasury

Inherited bank mess from Jackson Supported the “Divorce Bill” to remove

banking from US government Beginning of independent treasury

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TexasTexas

Stephen Austin made deal with Mexico to bring in settlers--become Mexican, become Catholic, and no slavery

In the early 1830s, tensions rise between settlers and the Mexican government

Santa Ana raises an army and Texas declares independence

Series of battles at the Alamo and Goliad US supported Texas, but it did not join the union

because of the slavery issue

Stephen Austin made deal with Mexico to bring in settlers--become Mexican, become Catholic, and no slavery

In the early 1830s, tensions rise between settlers and the Mexican government

Santa Ana raises an army and Texas declares independence

Series of battles at the Alamo and Goliad US supported Texas, but it did not join the union

because of the slavery issue

Election of 1840Election of 1840 “Tippecanoe” and Tyler, too! William Harrison is put forward because of lack of

enemies Characterized as a “poor farmer from Ohio drinking hard

cider”--not really true Movement away from aristocratic national leadership Democrats: liberty of individual, states’ rights, from

South and West, poorer folk Whigs: valued harmony between community and

individual, from East, wealthier, wanted internal improvements, public schools and moral reforms

“Tippecanoe” and Tyler, too! William Harrison is put forward because of lack of

enemies Characterized as a “poor farmer from Ohio drinking hard

cider”--not really true Movement away from aristocratic national leadership Democrats: liberty of individual, states’ rights, from

South and West, poorer folk Whigs: valued harmony between community and

individual, from East, wealthier, wanted internal improvements, public schools and moral reforms

EconomicsEconomics

Societal TrendsSocietal Trends

Urban growth continued as settlers left for the West

Millions of immigrants came from Ireland and Germany

Irish vs. German immigrants Antiforeignism rises: nativists fear

Catholicism challenging Protestantism The “Know-Nothing” Party

Urban growth continued as settlers left for the West

Millions of immigrants came from Ireland and Germany

Irish vs. German immigrants Antiforeignism rises: nativists fear

Catholicism challenging Protestantism The “Know-Nothing” Party

Discuss: What were the five most important inventions of

this time period?

Discuss: What were the five most important inventions of

this time period?

TransporationTransporation

Erie Canal Song (watch video clip) John Henry (by John Jackson) When John Henry was a little baby boy, sitting on the his papa's knee Well he picked up a hammer and little piece of steel Said Hammer's gonna be the death of me, lord, lord Hammer's gonna be the death of mine The captain said to John Henry I'm gonna bring that steam drill around I'm gonna bring that sterm drill out on the job I'm gonna whup that steel on down

Shenandoah

Erie Canal Song (watch video clip) John Henry (by John Jackson) When John Henry was a little baby boy, sitting on the his papa's knee Well he picked up a hammer and little piece of steel Said Hammer's gonna be the death of me, lord, lord Hammer's gonna be the death of mine The captain said to John Henry I'm gonna bring that steam drill around I'm gonna bring that sterm drill out on the job I'm gonna whup that steel on down

Shenandoah

SocietySociety

Discuss: How did the role of women change?

Discuss: How did the role of women change?

Compare the following American art pieces…Compare the following American art pieces…

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Topics for PresentationTopics for Presentation

Second Great Awakening Public Education Temperance Movement Utopian Societies Scientific Achievements Artistic Contributions Literature and Transcendentalism

Second Great Awakening Public Education Temperance Movement Utopian Societies Scientific Achievements Artistic Contributions Literature and Transcendentalism