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ANNUAL REPORT 2011-12 Ministry of Environment & Forests Government of India (http://moef.gov.in)
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Annual Report 2011-12, Ministry of Environment & Forests - Naresh Kadyan

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Page 1: Annual Report 2011-12, Ministry of Environment & Forests - Naresh Kadyan

ANNUAL REPORT 2011-12

Ministry of Environment & ForestsGovernment of India

(http://moef.gov.in)

Page 2: Annual Report 2011-12, Ministry of Environment & Forests - Naresh Kadyan
Page 3: Annual Report 2011-12, Ministry of Environment & Forests - Naresh Kadyan

CONTENTS

Sl. Chapter Page No.No.

Role and Mandate of the Ministry v

1. Natural Resources - Survey and Exploration 1

2. Conservation 37

3. Environmental Impact Assessment 99

4. Abatement of Pollution 109

5 Conservation of Water Bodies 153

6. Regeneration and Eco-development 167

7. Research 177

8. Education and Awareness 201

9. Centres of Excellence 237

10. Fellowships and Awards 255

11. Environmental Information 263

12. Legislation and Institutional Support 275

13. Sustainable Development and Climate Change 279

14. International Cooperation 299

15. Administration and Civil Construction 315

16. Plan Coordination and Budget 325

Annexures 328

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Role and Mandate of the MinistryRole of the Ministry

The Ministry of Environment & Forests(MoEF) is the nodal agency in the CentralGovernment for overseeing the implementationof India's environment and forest policiesand programmes relating to conservation ofthe country's natural resources including lakesand rivers, its biodiversity, forests and wildlife,ensuring the welfare of animals and preventionand abatement of pollution. Whileimplementing these policies and programmes,the Ministry is guided by the principle ofsustainable development.

The Ministry is also the nodal agency forthe United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP), South Asia Co-operative EnvironmentProgramme (SACEP), International Centre forIntegrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)and the United Nations Conference onEnvironment and Development (UNCED). TheMinistry also coordinates with multilateralbodies such as the Commission on SustainableDevelopment (CSD), Global EnvironmentFacility (GEF) and regional bodies such asEconomic and Social Council for Asia and

Pacific (ESCAP) and South Asian Associationfor Regional Cooperation (SAARC) on matterspertaining to environment.

The broad objectives of the Ministry are:● Conservation and survey of flora, fauna,

forests and wildlife,● Prevention and control of pollution,● Afforestation and regeneration of

degraded areas,● Protection of the environment, and● Ensuring the welfare of animals.

These objectives are well supported bya set of legislative and regulatory measures,aimed at the preservation, conservation andprotection of the environment. Besides thelegislative measures, a National ConservationStrategy and Policy Statement on Environmentand Development, 1992, National ForestPolicy, 1988, a Policy Statement on Abatementof Pollution, 1992 and a National EnvironmentPolicy, 2006 also guide the Ministry's work.

The organization structure of the Ministryindicating various Divisions and itsautonomous and subordinate offices is givenat Annexure- I-A & I-B.

Ministry of Environment & Forests

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Mandate of the MinistryAllocation of Business

● Environment and Ecology, includingenvironment in coastal waters, inmangroves and coral reefs but excludingmarine environment on the high seas.

● Survey and Exploration of NaturalResources particularly of Forest, Flora,Fauna, Ecosystems etc.

● Bio-diversity Conservation including thatof lakes and wetlands.

● Conservation, development,management and abatement of pollutionof rivers which shall include NationalRiver Conservation Directorate.

● Environmental Impact Assessment.● Environment research and development,

education, training, information andawareness.

● Environmental Health.● Forest Development Agency and Joint

Forest Management Programme forconservation, management andafforestation.

● Wildlife conservation, preservation,protection planning, research, education,training and awareness including ProjectTiger and Project Elephant.

● International co-operation on issuesconcerning Environment, Forestry andWildlife.

● Botanical Survey of India and BotanicalGardens.

● Zoological Survey of India.● National Museum of Natural History.● Biosphere Reserve Programme.● National Forest Policy and Forestry

Development in the country includingSocial Forestry.

● All matters relating to Forest and ForestAdministration in the Andaman andNicobar Islands.

● Indian Forest Service.● Wild Life Preservation and protection of

wild birds and animals.● Fundamental and applied research and

training including higher education inforestry.

● Padmaja Naidu Himalayan ZoologicalPark.

● National Assistance to ForestryDevelopment Schemes.

● Indian Plywood Industries Research andTraining Institute, Bangalore.

● Afforestation and Eco-development whichshall include National Afforestation andEco-Development Board.

● Desert and Desertification.● Forest Survey of India.● Indian Institute of Bio-diversity, Itanagar.● Central Pollution Control Board.● G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan

Environment & Development.● Wildlife Institute of India and Indian

Board for Wildlife.● Indian Institute of Forest Management.● Central Zoo Authority including National

Zoological Park.● Indian Council of Forestry Research &

Education.● Andaman and Nicobar Islands Forest

and Plantation Development CorporationLimited.

● Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.● Matters relating to pounds and cattle

trespass.● Gaushalas and Gausadans.● The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act,

1960 (59 of 1960).● The National Environment Tribunal Act,

1995 (27 of 1995).● The National Environment Appellate

Authority Act, 1997 (22 of 1997).

Annual Report 2011-2012

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● The Water Prevention and Control ofPollution Act, 1974 (6 of 1974).

● The Water (Prevention and Control ofPollution) Cess Act, 1977 (36 of 1977).

● The Air (Prevention and Control ofPollution) Act, 1981 (14 of 1981).

● The Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of1927).

● The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (53of 1972).

● The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 (69of 1980).

● The Environment (Protection), Act, 1986(29 of 1986).

● The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991(6 of 1991).

Ministry of Environment & Forests

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Survey of FloraBotanical Survey of IndiaIntroduction

The Botanical Survey of India(BSI) is the apex researchorganization under the Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests,Government of India for carryingout taxonomic and floristic studieson wild plant resources of thecountry. It was established on 13th

February, 1890 with the basicobjective to explore the plantresources of the country and toidentify the plants species witheconomic virtues. Sir George King,the then Superintendent of the'Royal Botanic Garden' Calcutta wasappointed as First ex-officio Honorary Directorof the BSI. After independence the departmentwas reorganized in 1954 by Government ofIndia as a part of scientific development ofthe country. During the successive planperiods, the functional base of BSI wasfurther expanded to include various newareas such as inventorying of endemic, rareand threatened plant species; evolvingconservation strategies; studies on fragileecosystems and protected areas, like wildlifesanctuaries, national parks and biospherereserves; multiplication and maintenance ofendemic and threatened plant species, wildornamentals, etc., in Botanic Gardens andOrchidaria; documentation of traditionalknowledge associated with plants anddevelopment of National Database ofherbarium specimens/live collections/botanical paintings/illustrations, plantdistribution and nomenclature, plant uses,etc.

Primary objectives of BSI

– Exploration, inventorying anddocumentation of phytodiversity ingeneral and protected areas, hotspots

and fragile ecosystems in particular;publication of National, State and DistrictFloras.

– Identification of threatened/red listspecies and species rich areas needingconservation; ex-situ conservation ofcritically threatened species in botanicalgardens.

– Survey and documentation of traditionalknowledge (ethno-botany) associatedwith plants.

– Develop a National database of Indianplants, including herbarium and livespecimens, botanical paintings/illustrations, etc.

Secondary objectives

– Revisionary/Monographic studies onselected plant groups.

– Qualitative analysis of nutritive value ofethno-food plants and other economicallyuseful species.

– Capacity building in plant taxonomythrough refresher courses and post M.Sc.certificate course.

– Environment Impact Assessment of areasassigned by the Ministry.

Fig-1. Kingcup, Marsh Marigold, Caltha palustris endemic toArunachal Pradesh

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– Develop and maintain BotanicalGardens, Museums and Herbaria.

– Preparation of Seed, Pollen and SporeAtlas of Indian Plants.

Activities undertaken during the year

Survey and Herbarium Consultationtours

Two hundred and eighty four field/exploration/live plant collection/EIA study/ethnobotanical tours, against the targeted300 tours, were undertaken so far by differentRegional centers and Headquarter units ofBSI covering the States/Union Territories ofAndaman & Nicobar Islands, ArunachalPradesh, Assam, Delhi & its environs, Goa,Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand,Lakshadweep, Karnataka, Kerala, Manipur,Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa,Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, UttarPradesh and West Bengal. During these toursc. 25,325 specimens were collected ofwhich c. 11,888 specimens belonging to3027 species were identified. In addition 68herbarium/library consultation tours, againstthe targeted 75 tours, were undertaken so farto various herbaria/library within and outsidethe department, for confirming the identitiesor for studying specimens forNational, state, district or protectedarea floras. The importantpublications during the periodinclude Flowering Plants of India- Dicotyledons Volume 1; IndianLichens - An Annotated Checklist;Materials for the Flora of ArunachalPradesh Volumes II & III; Flora ofTamil Nadu-Grasses; Flora ofVisakhapatnam District, AndhraPradesh Volume 2; Flora of PinValley National Park, HimachalPradesh; Hepaticae andAnthocerotae of Great HimalayanNational Park, Himachal Pradesh;Meliolales of India, Volume 2; OilYielding Plants; Floral Diversity of

Tiger Reserves of India; Plants of IndianBotanic Garden and Plant Discoveries 2007,2008, 2009 & 2010 [four issues] andBulletin of the Botanical Survey of India fourvolumes (renamed as Nelumbo from Volume51). Hindi publications include VanaspatiAnveshan 2009 & 2010 (two issues) andVanaspati Vani (five volumes) and Bengalipublication namely Paschim Banglar UdvidVolumes 5 & 6 were also published. Besides,two books, viz. Mushrooms of Sikkim - I:Barsey Rhododendron Sanctuary, Ferns andFern-allies of Sikkim: A Pictorial Handbook -Part I, were published jointly by BSI and theState Forest Department, Sikkim. In additionone book, Crotalaria in India was publishedthrough a private publisher. The ENVIS Centrein BSI on Floral Diversity published ENVISNewsletters (Volumes 12 to 16) and threebooks viz., Bibliography and Abstract ofPapers on Flora of West Bengal, Bibliographyand Abstract of Papers on Flora of North EastIndia and Bibliography and Abstracts ofPapers on Flora of Andaman & NicobarIslands.

National Flora (Flora of India)

Work on families Acanthaceae,Begoniaceae, Chenopodiaceae,

Fig-2. Humboldtia brunonis - endemic to the Western Ghats- betweenWayanad and Sringeri Regions of Central Sahyadri.

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Cyperaceae, Juncaceae, Lauraceae,Loganiaceae, Moraceae (excluding Ficus),Nyctaginaceae, Orchidaceae (subtribeMalaxeae & Liparideae incl. GeneraCrepidium, Dienia, Liparis, Oberonia,Oreorchis, Siedenfia), Polygonaceae,Ranunculaceae (Ranunculus), Salicaceae,Thymelaeaceae have been completed.Checklist of Gymnosperms, Lichens, Marinealgae, Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae,Xanthophyceae and Bryophytes (Mosses) ofIndia have been completed. BesidesPalynotaxonomic studies on familiesNyctaginaceae and Thymelaeaceae of Indiahave also been completed. Apart from that,work on the families Gramineae (GenusFestuca), Compositeae (Tribe Vernonieae &Tribe Heliantheae), Bignoniaceae, andMemecylaceae have been started andwill be completed by 12th Five Year planperiod.

Regional/State/District Flora

Completed documentation ofAphyllophorales of North Western Himalaya;Pteridophytic Flora of Western Himalaya;Seaweeds of South East Coast of India;Flora of Cold Deserts of North WestHimalayas (Vol. II); Flora of Jammu &Kashmir (Vols. II, III & IV); Flora of Kerala(Vol. II); Flora of Little Nicobar Islands; Floraof Manipur (Vol. II); Flora of Mizoram (Vols.II & III); Flora of Nagaland (Vols. I & IV);Flora of Uttar Pradesh (Vols. I, II & III); Floraof Upper Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh;Ericaceae of Arunachal Pradesh; E - Floraof National Capital Territory of Delhi & itsenvirons; Herbaceous Flora of Meghalaya;Bamboos of Meghalaya; Hepaticae andAnthocerotae of East Sikkim; EpiphyllousLiverworts of Eastern Himalaya andGasteromycetes (Lycoperdales & related

Fig-3. Impatiens devendrae Pusalkar, endemic to Uttarakhand

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fungi) of Uttarakhand. Besides, editing ofFlora of West Bengal (Vols. II, III & IV); Floraof Karnataka (Monocotyledons) and MossFlora of Tawang District, Arunachal Pradeshhave also been completed. Apart from that,documentation of Flora of Gujarat (Vol. III);Flora of Uttrakhand (Vols. II & III); Alpine &Sub-Alpine Flora of Central ArunachalPradesh; Flora of Anjaw District, ArunachalPradesh and Flora of West Siang District,Arunachal Pradesh started during 11th Fiveyear plan period will be completed by 12thFive year plan period.

Protected Areas

Exploration and Documentation of PlantDiversity of 14 protected areas have beenfully completed. These are Ballavpur WildlifeSanctuary (West Bengal); Chakrasila WildlifeSanctuary (Assam), Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary(Jharkhand); Dampa Tiger Reserve (Mizoram);Fumbonglho Wildlife Sanctuary (Sikkim);Kyangnolsa Alpine Sanctuary (Sikkim);Maenam Wildlife Sanctuary (Sikkim);Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary (WestBengal); Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary(Arunachal Pradesh); Mookambika WildlifeSanctuary (Karnataka); Narendrapur WildlifeSanctuary (West Bengal); Parasnath WildlifeSanctuary (Jharkhand); Senchal WildlifeSanctuary (West Bengal) and Tendong ReserveForest (Sikkim). In addition, exploration anddocumentation of plant diversity in 24protected areas have been completed partly.These are Bakhira Bird Sanctuary (UttarPradesh); Bethuadaharai Wildlife Sanctuary(West Bengal); Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary(North Goa); Buxa National Park (WestBengal); Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary (UttarPradesh); Cotigaon Wildlife Sanctuary (SouthGoa); Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary (Rajasthan);Dihang Dibang Biosphere Reserve (ArunachalPradesh); Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary (Assam);Gorumara National Park (West Bengal);Govind Pashu Vihar National Park(Uttarakhand); Interview Island WildlifeSanctuary (Andaman & Nicobar Islands);

Katerniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary (UttarPradesh); Little Nicobar Islands WildlifeSanctuary (Andaman & Nicobar Islands);Madei Wildlife Sanctuary (Goa); NetravaliWildlife Sanctuary (Goa); Pabha WildlifeSanctuary (Assam); Pani-Dihing WildlifeSanctuary (Assam); Rajgir Wildlife Sanctuary(Jharkhand); Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary (UttarPradesh); Salim Ali Wildlife Sanctuary (Goa);Shingba Rhododendron Wildlife Sanctuary(Sikkim); Sohelwa Wildlife Sanctuary (UttarPradesh) & Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary(Kerala). Apart from that, exploration anddocumentation of plant diversity in 11protected areas have been started and willbe completed by 12th Five Year Plan period.These are Barnadi Wildlife Sanctuary (Assam);Buxa Wildlife Sanctuary, (West Bengal);Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary(Maharashtra); Jamwa Ramgarh WildlifeSanctuary (Rajasthan); Koderma WildlifeSanctuary (Jharkhand}; Koyna WildlifeSanctuary (Maharashtra); Palkot WildlifeSanctuary (Jharkhand); Phawngpui BlueMountain Peak National Park (Mizoram);Rani Jhansi Marine National Park (SouthAndaman); Srivilliputhur Wildlife Sanctuary(Tamil Nadu) and Talle Valley WildlifeSanctuary (Arunachal Pradesh)

New Discoveries

During this period, the Scientists of BSIdiscovered, two genera 117 species, onesubspecies & 21 varieties as new to scienceand 142 species, three subspecies and ninevarieties (including three genera) as newrecords for India.

Documentation of TraditionalKnowledge of Plants

Twelve tours were undertaken toSundergarh, Phulbani, Rayagada,Mayurbhanj, Jharsuguda, Angul, Bolangiri,Gajapati & Kandhamal districts of Orissa byscientists of CBL, Howrah and ethnobotanicaluses of more than 1050 species wererecorded. Apart from that, three tours were

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undertaken to Junagarh district of Gujarat byScientists of Arid Zone Regional Centre,Jodhpur and ethnobotanical uses of ca.186species were recorded.

Ex situ Conservation

Fifty four threatened,42 medicinal/economicallyimportant and 73ornamental plant specieswere introduced foracclimatization andmultiplication in the AcharyaJagadish Chandra BoseIndian Botanic Garden,Howrah, Botanic Gardenof Indian Republic, NOIDAand Associated BotanicGardens of differentRegional Centers of BSI.

Digitization

About 15350 samples

of Textile designs, Natural dyes & Botanicalillustrations and 60,000 archival documents,manuscripts Correspondences and Watt'sLedger have been digitized throughphotography and scanning respectively underthe project "Conservation, Restoration andDigitization of the Old Archival Documents/Correspondences/Manuscripts & HerbariumSpecimens at ISIM, Kolkata" funded byMoEF. Besides, barcoding and digitization of14,475 type specimens of Central NationalHerbarium (CAL) have also been completedunder the project "Development of IndianVirtual Herbarium and Digital Herbarium"funded by MoEF. In addition, barcoding anddigitization of 3,323 specimens of medicinalplants were also completed under adigitization project funded by PatanjaliAshram, Haridwar.

Botanical Exploration andInventorisation of Phytodiversity

Field tours and Herbariumconsultation tours

Sixty-five field tours were undertaken forfloristic/ethnobotanical studies on floweringand non-flowering plants by different regional

Fig-4. Larsenianthus arunachalensis is narrowly endemic toArunachal Pradesh due to various anthropogenic activities.

Fig-5. Colours in nature

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centres and units of BSI coveringthe following areas:

– Western Himalaya: Tropicaland Subtropical Zones ofSiwaliks; Bageshwar-Almora,Sunderdunga Glacier; Ladakh(Kargil, Zauskar valley),Tangling (Kinnaur), Palampur,Malan (Mandi), Rohlang andKullu (Kullu District), Kala topand Banikhet (Chamba) inHimachal Pradesh andPithoragarh District;

– Eastern Himalaya: Sikkim(Shingba RhododendronSanctuary, Yumthang, Zeropoint, Lachung, Bansoi,Dombang, Dombang Valley, Katau,Maenam Wildlife Sanctuary, Ralung,Ravangla, Pharmthang, Pullbazar,10thMile.

– North - East India: Arunachal Pradesh(Kurum Kumey, Anjaw, Anini and WestSiang districts,), Assam (Gibbon WildlifeSanctuary, Pani Dihing WildlifeSanctuary, Pabha Wildlife Sanctuary,Barnadi Wildlife Sanctuary), Mizoram(Phawangpui Blue Mountain Peak andPualreng Wildlife Sanctuary), Meghalya(East and West Garo Hills districts)

– Arid - Semi Arid: Gujarat (Rajkot,Bhavnagar, Patan and Junagarh discticts);Rajasthan (Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary,Jamwa Ramgarh Wildlife Sanctuary)

– Ganjetic Plains: Uttar Pradesh (RanipurWildlife Sanctuary, KaterniyaghatWildlife Sanctuary, Chambal WildlifeSanctuary), Jharkhand (Dalma WildlifeSanctuary, Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary,Palot Wildlife Sanctuary, West Bengal(Buxa National Park, Gorumara NationalPark, Bethuadahari Wild Life Sanctuary)

– Deccan Peninsula: Madhya Pradesh(Govindsagar Dam, Halali Dam, ModDam, Upper Lake)

– Western Ghats:K a r n a t a k a(Mookambika Wildlife Sanctuary), Goa(Netravali, Cotigaon, Madei-BondlaWildlife Sanctuaries and Dr. Salim AliBird Sanctuary), Maharashtra (GreatIndian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary); TamilNadu (Srivilliputhur Wildlife Sanctuary)

– A & N Islands: South Andaman (Tirur,Beadnabad, Manpur, Collinpur,Chidiyatapu, Mount Harriet NationalPark and Wandoor) & Nicobar (LittleNicobar)

During these field tours, ca 8675specimens have been collected. 5540 ofthese collected specimens belonging to ca782 species were identified by scientists ofdifferent regional Centres and units whichresulted in discovery of one genus and fivespecies as new to science and nine speciesas new to India. Three species have beencollected after 50 years.Genus new to Science– Devendraea Pusalkar, gen. nov.

(Caprifoliaceae)Species new to science– Crawfurdia arunachalensis S.S. Dash,

R. Gagoi & A.A. Mao [Campanulaceae]

Fig-6. Commelina forsskalii, commonly known as Dayflower

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– Graphidastra himalayana Jagdeesh &G. P. Sinha [Lichen]

– Herpathallon sticticum Jagdeesh & G. P.Sinha [Lichen]

– Lasianthus chowdheryi Karthig., Jayanthi& Sumathi [Rubiaceae]

– Tylophora nicobarica Murugan & M.Y.Kamble [Asclepiadaceae]

New Records for India

– Arnebia linearifolia A.DC.[Boraginaceae]

– Corydalis meifolia Wall. var. violaceaPrain [Fumariaceae]

– Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I.M. Johnst.var. grandis (Bornm.) Kazmi[Boraginaceae]

– Globba wardii Bur tt & Smith[Zingiberaceae]

– Bridelia moonii Thwaites[Euphorbiaceae]

– Alpinia luteo-carpa Elmer[Zingiberaceae]

– Memeycylon minutiflorum Miq.[Memecylaceae]

– Leratiomyces squamosus var. thraustus(Kalchbr.) [Fungi]

– P l a g i o c h i l ahyalodermica Grolle & M.L.So.[Bryophyte]

New Records for State

– Trisetum micans(Hook.f.) Bor from Jammu andKashmir

Species Collected after 50years or more

– Isotachis indica Mitt.[Hepaticeae]– Rochelia laxa I.M.Johnst. [Boraginaceae]– Codonopsis javanica(Blume) Hook.f. & Thoms.[Campanulaceae]

National Flora (Flora of India)

– Taxonomic description of 65 species ofFamily Rocellaceae, Tribe Vernonieae,Family Bignoniaceae, Genus Athyrium,Family Pertusariaceae, Genus Festuca,Genus Kobresia, tribe Heliantheae,Family Memecylaceae completed

– Palynotaxonomic Studies on 80 speciesof Lauraceae of India completed

Regional/State Flora

– Taxonomic description of 754 speciestowards (1) Flora of Uttarakhand and (2)Flora of Gujarat completed.

– Taxonomic description of 124 speciesfor Endemic and ThreatenedPteridophytes of North West Himalaya,45 species of Macrofungi of SiwalikHimalaya, 24 species of Aspidiaceae ofnorth East India and 17 species ofBryoflora of Mizoram completed.

– Manuscript of 'Ericaceae of ArunachalPradesh' comprising 213 taxa with over100 photographs and manuscript of'State Flora of Sikkim, Volume 2 (sixfamilies and 170 species) have beencompleted and submitted for publication.

Fig-7. Tamilnadia uliginosa, popularly known as Divine Jasmine

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Protected Areas

– Taxonomic description of346 species towards Floraof Gibbon WildlifeSanctuary, Pani DihingWildlife Sanctuary, PabhaWildlife Sanctuary, RanipurWildlife Sanctuary ChambalWildlife Sanctuary, JamwaRamgarh Wildlife Sanctuary,Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary,Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary,Netravali WildlifeSanctuary, Great IndianBustard Wildlife Sanctuary,Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary,Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, KodermaWildlife Sanctuary and Palkot WildlifeSanctuary have been completed.

Documentation of IndigenousKnowledge of Plant Resources

– During this period two field tours toBargarh and Balangir districts of Odishawere undertaken and 116 plants withinformation on 200 ethnobotanical usescollected. In addition to this, oneehtnobotanical tour to Junagarh hasbeen conducted and 660 specimensalong with relevantethnobotanical data were alsocollected.

Studies of Nutritional Valuesof Wild Edible Plants ofMeghalaya

– One tour was undertaken tothe different parts ofMeghalaya (Shillong,Sohrarim, Mawphlang,Laitkynsew, Mawryngkneng,Jowai, Laitlyngkot) from 01st

August, 2011 to 10th August,2011. Following eighteenplant specimens (differentedible parts) were collected

and also procured from different tribalmarket to carry out the Phytochemicalstudies. Colour photographs of live plantswere also taken.

Zanthoxylum armatum (leaves);Gomphogyne cissiformis; Alliumschoenoprasum; Solanum kurjii; Caricapapaya; Allium porrum; Carpesiumcernuum; Tricyrtis pillosa; Spilanthesacmella; Leea sambucina; Neptuniaolearacea; Eurya acuminate;Gymnopetalum cochinensis; Hodgsoniaheteroclite; Atrocarpus gomezizna;

Fig-8. Purple Smithia (Smithia purpurea) is a small annual herb endemic toNorth-Western Ghat

Fig-9. Bamboo shoots, one of the most delicious and rich vegetable

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Brassica; Flacourtia jangomas;Baccaurea sapida

Ex-situ Conservation in BotanicGardens

– Eighty nine rare plants collected fromAssam, Meghalaya and Andaman &Nicobar Islands have been introducedin Acharya Jagadish Chandra BoseIndian Botanc Garden, Howrah

– Twenty three rare and endangeredspecies have been introduced in theother associated botanic gardens ofdifferent Regional Centres of BSI

Monitoring of Botanic Gardens

– During the period BSI monitored thestatus of implementation of "Assistanceto Botanic Gardens Scheme' towardsconservation of threatened species in thefollowing two botanical gardens funded

by MoEF.– Botanic Garden of Kolkata Wildlife

Society, Kolkata– Botanic garden of Vinobha Bhave

University, Hazaribagh, Bihar– Five proposals, received for funding

under 'Assistance to Botanic Garden'scheme of MoEF.

Miscellaneous

Public Services rendered

– BSI disseminated scientific informationto public and also assisted scientists,students and researchers in their pursuitof taxonomic research on plants. Duringthe period scientists, students and visitors,including 19 VIPs, have visited the BotanicGardens, Herbaria and Museums of BSI;185 requests for information and supplyof plant materials have been attended.

Fig-10. Daisy Fleabeane, (Erigeron bellidioides) flowers in full bloom

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Identified 180 plant materials andsupplied 1125 pages of photocopiedliterature.

Maintenance and enrichment ofHerbaria in Botanical Survey of India

– During the period 1258 specimens weremounted and 8,789 herbariumspecimens were remounted. 20,359herbarium sheets were dusted andfumigated. 14,268 herbarium sheetshave been poisoned and 4,569 sheetshave been incorporated in differentherbaria of BSI.

Publications

During the period BSI published the followingbooks and Journals:

– Bulletin of BSI (Nelumbo), Vol.: 53;Vanaspati Vani, Vol. 20; Plant Discoveries2010; Vanaspati Anveshan 2010.Scientists of BSI have also publishedmore than 115 research papers indifferent peer reviewed journals in Indiaand outside during the period.

Visit of Parliamentary Committees

– The Parliamentary Committee on Officiallanguage reviewed the status ofimplementation of official language inSikkim Himalayan RegionalCentre, Gangtok on 13th

May, 2011.

Revenue earnings

– During the period BSIearned Rs.20,18,025/-through (1) Entry Fee, CarParking and Outsourcing ofBoating and Battery DrivenVehicle in AJC Bose IndianBotanic Garden, Howrah,(2) Sale of departmentalpublications and (3)identification of plantspecimens and supply ofphotocopied literature, etc. Fig-11. Viola sp. a flowering plant mostly found at higher altitudes

Implementing Organisation withdetails of Responsibilities– Headquarters: Pharmacognosy,

Cryptogamy, Ecology, Plant Chemistry,Flora Cell, Palynology and Library atHowrah; Publication Unit & TechnicalSection at Kolkata.Current ProjectsPharmacognosy Unit– Pharmacognostic studies on medicinal

Aconites of India– Pharmacognostic studies on the

selected plants of the Negative List ofExport

Cryptogamic Unit

– A Checklist of Xanthophyceae inIndia

– Dicot Flora of Dihang DibangBiosphere Reserve, ArunachalPradesh

– Liverwort & Hornwort Flora of Sikkim– Moss Flora of Darjeeling District,

West Bengal– Moss Flora of Tawang District,

Arunachal PradeshEcology Unit– A Checklist of Dinophyceae in India

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Ministry of Environment & Forests

Table-1. State-wise status of projects undergoing during 2011

Name of State/UT Status

Andaman & Nicobar 1. Flora of Little Nicobar Island - Manuscript SubmittedIslands 2. Flora of North Andaman Islands (Narcondam, Peacock, Paget,

Landfall)3. Flora of Rani Jhansi National Park4. Foliicolous lichens of Andaman Islands

Andhra Pradesh Flora of Greater Hyderabad

Arunachal Pradesh 1. Alpine and Sub-Alpine Flora of Central Arunachal Pradesh2. Family Ericaceae of Arunachal Pradesh3. Flora of Anjaw District4. Flora of West Siang District5. Hepaticeae and Anthoceroteae of Anjaw District6. Liverworts and Hornworts of West Siang District

Assam 1. Flora of Barnadi Wildlife Sanctuary2. Flora of Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary3. Flora of Pabha Wildlife Sanctuary4. Flora of Panidihing Wildlife Sanctuary

Bihar Wetland Flora of Gangetic Plains in Bihar

Goa 1. Flora of Cotigaon Wildlife Sanctuary, South Goa2. Flora of Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary, South Goa

Gujarat 1. Ethnobotany of Junagarh District2. Flora of Gujarat, Vol. III

Jammu & Kashmir 1. Endemic & Threatened Pteridophytic Flora of NW Himalayas2. Flora of Cold Desert of NW Himalaya3. Flora of Jammu & Kashmir, Volume V

Jharkhand 1. Application of Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case study in DalmaSanctuary

2. Flora of Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary3. Flora of Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary4. Wood Rotting Fungi of Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary

Kerala 1. Flora of Kerala, Volume V2. Seaweed Survey of Kerala Coast

Maharashtra 1. Ferns of Maharashtra2. Flora of Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary3. Flora of Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary4. Folicolous Fungi of Maharashtra

Meghalaya Chemical composition and nutritive value of Wild Edible Plants ofMeghalaya

Mizoram 1. Bryoflora (Hepaticae & Anthocerotae) of Mizoram2. Flora of Phawangpui Blue Mountain Peak, Mizoram

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Name of State/UT Status

Orissa 1. Ethnobotany of Orissa2. Poaceae of Orissa

Rajasthan 1. Flora of Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary2. Flora of Jamwa Ramgarh Wildlife Sanctuary

Sikkim 1. Liverwort & Hornwort Flora of Sikkim2. Microlichens of Sikkim3. Pteridophytic Flora of North Sikkim4. Studies on Russulales of West Sikkim5. Studies on Wild Mushrooms of North Sikkim

Tamil Nadu 1. Flora of Srivilliputhur Wildlife Sanctuary

Uttar Pradesh 1. Flora of Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary2. Flora of Nawabganj Birds Sanctuary Sanctuary3. Flora of Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary

Uttarakhand 1. Flora of Uttarakhand2. Macrofungal flora of Siwalik Himalayas

West Bengal 1. Flora of Bethuadaharai Wildlife Sanctuary2. Flora of Buxa National Park3. Flora of Buxa Wildlife Sanctuary4. Flora of Gorumara National Park5. Flora of West Bengal, Volume V6. Moss Flora of Darjeeling District

Table-2. Budget Allocation

(Rs. in Thousand)

Plan Non Plan

BE RE Expenditure Upto % BE RE Expenditure Upto %

2011-12 2011-12 29.02.2012 2011-12 2011-12 29.02.2012

150000 165000 124147 75.24 257800 228500 223888 97.98

Plant Chemistry Unit

– Chemical Composition and NutritiveValue of Wild Edible Plants ofMeghalaya

– Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah:Established in 1787 at Howrah, the IBGhas an area of ca 273 acres with aNational Orchidarium, 25 Lakes andnumber of conservatories. Initially servedas platform for introduction of such

commercially important plants, ascardamom, pepper, nutmeg, cotton,tobacco, indigo, coffee, sago, teak,cinchona, rubber, jute, mahogany, etc.,– Has 2132 species under cultivation

including (two living types and) 1092exotics.

– Every year over five lakh people visitthe garden for education, awarenessand recreation purposes.

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– Central Botanical Laboratory,Howrah: Established in 1954 atKolkata and later shifted to Howrah withEconomic Botany, Cytology & Plantphysiology section.

Current Projects

– Ethnobotany of Odisha state– Revision of the Family Memecylaceae

in India– Industrial Section, Indian Museum,

Kolkata: Established in 1887 at Kolkatahas 20,000 exhibits of economic plantsand plant products arranged in eightBays for public awareness; 70,000herbarium specimens; 18 volumescontaining 700 samples of Indian textilesin silk, cotton, muslin and wool,representing one of the 20 sets captionedTextiles Manufactures and Costumes ofthe People of India, and a 15 volumecompanion set on Natural Dyes.

– Central National Herbarium,Howrah: Established in 1795 atHowrah, holds ca 2.05 million specimensof seed plants, 10,000 type specimens,12,000 Wallichian specimens and10,000 non-flowering plants. The unithas been responsible for discovery ofnine genera and 235 species new toscience.

Current Projects

– Flora of Buxa National Park,Jalpaiguri, West Bengal

– Flora of Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary,Jharkhand

– Flora of Gorumara National Park,Jalpaiguri, West Bengal

– Flora of Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary(Jharkhand)

– Flora of Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary(Jharkhand)

– Flora of West Bengal, Vols. IV & V– Palynological studies on

Thymelaeaceae

– Palynotaxonomic studies of Lauraceaeof India

– Revision of the Genera Carex L. andKobresia Willd. in India

– Revision of the Genus Festuca inIndia

– Revision of the Tribe Vernonieae inIndia

– Alpine and Sub-Alpine Flora ofCentral Arunachal Pradesh

– Wood Rotting Fungi of KodermaWildlife Sanctuary (Jharkhand)

– Arunachal Pradesh RegionalCentre, Itanagar: Jurisdiction -Arunachal Pradesh. Established in 1977,the circle has 13,500 herbariumspecimens, including 34 typesrepresenting 20 species discovered asnew to science. The associated gardenof 48 ha at Sankie View has ca 400species under cultivation.

Current Projects

– Flora of Anjaw District, ArunachalPradesh

– Flora of Kurung-Kumey district,Arunachal Pradesh

– Flora of West Siang District,Arunachal Pradesh

– Hepaticeae and Anthoceroteae ofAnjaw District

– Liverworts and Hornworts of WestSiang District

– Monocot Flora of Dihang DibangBiosphere Reserve, ArunachalPradesh

– Revision of the Family Ericaceae ofArunachal Pradesh

– Revision of Family Aspidiaceae inN.E. India

– Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong:Jurisdiction - Assam, Manipur,Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland,Tripura. Established in 1956 at Shillong,

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the circle has ca 2,71,000 herbariumspecimens, including 508 typesrepresenting five genera and 89 speciesdiscovered as new to science. Theassociated garden of 10 ha at Barapanihas ca 800 species under cultivation.

Current Projects

– Bryoflora (Hepaticae & Anthocerotae)of Mizoram

– Flora of Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary,Assam

– Flora of Pani-Dihing WildlifeSanctuary, Assam

– Flora of Pabha Wildlife Sanctuary,Assam

– Micropropagation of RET plants ofNE India (Nymphaea & Cymbidium)

– Multiplication and conservation ofRare/Endangered/Economicallyimportant plants in Botanic Gardenof BSI-ERC.

– Sikkim Himalayan RegionalCentre, Gangtok: Jurisdiction - Sikkim.Established in 1979, the circle has40,000 herbarium specimens, includingsix types representing six speciesdiscovered as new to science. Theassociated garden in the campus has ca200 species, mostly orchids, undercultivation.

Current Projects

– Studies on Russulales of SikkimHimalayas: Part I - West Sikkim

– Pteridophytic Flora of Sikkim– Flora of India: Rubiaceae– State Flora of Sikkim, Vol. II

Saxifragaceae & Crassulaceae– Central Regional Centre,

Allahabad: Jurisdiction - MadhyaPradesh, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh.Established in 1962 at Allahabad, thecircle has ca 69,000 herbariumspecimens, including three types.

Seventeen species and seven varietieshave been described as new to sciencefrom here. The associated garden of twoha in the campus has ca 570 speciesunder cultivation.

Current Projects

– Flora of Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary,Uttar Pradesh

– Flora of Katerniaghat WildlifeSanctuary, Uttar Pradesh

– Flora of Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary,Uttar Pradesh

– Microlichens of Sikkim– Revision of Family Rocellaceae in

India– Revision of the tribe Heliantheae in

India– Studies on Family Pertusariaceae in

India

– Botanic Garden of Indian Republic,NOIDA: Jurisdiction - National CapitalTerritory Region of Delhi. 4300indigenous saplings and 554 seedlingsof medicinal plants have been procureddifferent parts of Terai region and Orissafor BGIR. Database on Oil YieldingPlants completed; hard copy formatpublished (2008). Seeds Databaseinitiated.

– Northern Regional Centre,Dehradun: Uttarakhand, Chandigarh,Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh,Jammu & Kashmir. Established in 1956at Dehradun, the circle has ca 1, 21,500herbarium specimens, including 112types representing two genera and 66species discovered as new to science.The associated gardens of 23 ha atDehradun, Pauri and Khirsu have ca500 species under cultivation.

Current Projects

– Endemic & Threatened PteridophyticFlora of North Western Himalayas

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– Flora of Govind Pashu Vihar NationalPark

– Flora of Jammu & Kashmir, Vols. IV& V

– Flora of Uttrakhand, Vols. III & IV– Macrofungal flora of Siwalik

Himalayas– Revision of the Family Bignoniaceae

in India– Revision of the Genus Athyrium in

India– Revisionary Studies on Genera

Pyrrosia Mirbel and PhymatopterisPic.-Ser. in India

– Arid Zone Regional Centre,Jodhpur: Jurisdiction - Rajasthan,Gujarat. Established in 1972 at Jodhpur,the circle has ca 24,800 herbariumspecimens, including 17 typesrepresenting nine species discovered asnew to science. The associated gardenof six acres in the campus has ca 185species under cultivation.

Current Projects

– Flora of Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary,Rajasthan

– Flora of Gujarat, Vol. III– Floristic Survey of Rajkot, Bhavnagar

& Patan districts, Gujarat– Ethnobotany of Gujarat (Junagarh

District)

– Western Regional Centre, Pune:Jurisdiction - Maharashtra, Karnataka,Goa, Daman, Diu, Dadra & NagarHaveli. Established in 1955 at Pune, thecircle has ca 1,70,000 herbariumspecimens, including 571 typesrepresenting two genera and 146 speciesdiscovered as new to science. Theassociated gardens of 19.5 ha atMundhwa and in the campus have ca400 species under cultivation.

Current Projects

– Flora of Cotigaon Wildlife Sanctuary,South Goa

– Flora of Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary,South Goa

– Flora of Madei, Bondla and Dr.Salim Ali Wildlife Sanctuary, NorthGoa

– Flora of Great Indian Bustard WildlifeSanctuary, Ahmednagar,Maharashtra

– Ferns of Maharashtra– Collection of Red listed/endemic

plants for Mundhwa Garden andOffice Campus

– Deccan Regional Centre,Hyderabad: Jurisdiction - AndhraPradesh, Orissa. Established in 2005 atHyderabad, the circle has ca 10,000herbarium specimens.

Current Projects

– Floral Inventorying of the areas inand around Hyderabad

– Poaceae of Odisha State– Southern Regional Centre,

Coimbatore: Jurisdiction - Tamil Nadu,Kerala & Lakshadweep Islands.Established in 1955 at Coimbatore, thecircle has ca 2,75,000 herbariumspecimens, including 2594 typesrepresenting 08 genera and 155 speciesdiscovered as new to science. Theassociated garden of 19 ha at Yercaudand in the campus has ca 1100 speciesunder cultivation

Current Projects

– Flora of Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary,Kerala

– Seaweed survey of South East Coastof India.

– Floristic Survey of SathyamangalamForests

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– Flora of Kerala, Vols. III, IV & V– Lamiaceae under Flora of India– Floristic Survey of Vellingiri, Siruvani

& Anaikatti hills– Introduction & multiplication of orchids

in Associated Botanic Garden,Yercaud.

– Andaman & Nicobar RegionalCentre, Port Blair: Jurisdition -Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Establishedin 1972, the circle has 22,000 herbariumspecimens, including 100 typesrepresenting two genera and 66 speciesdiscovered as new to science. Theassociated garden of 30 ha at Dhanikherihas ca 200 species under cultivation.

Current Project

– Flora of Little Nicobar Island– Flora of Interview Island Wildlife

Sanctuary– Survey of Narcondum and other

unexplored North Andaman Islands

Survey of Fauna

Zoological Survey of IndiaIntroduction and Objectives

The Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), apremier institution under the Ministry, hasbeen undertaking survey, exploration andresearch leading to the advancement of ourknowledge on the exceptionally rich faunaldiversity of the country since its inception in1916. With its headquarters at Kolkata and16 Regional Centers located at differentparts of the country, ZSI in recent years re-oriented its plan of work by grouping thesurvey and studies under the following sixmajor programmes :

– Fauna of States– Fauna of Conservation Areas– Fauna of Important Ecosystems– Status Survey of Endangered Species

– Ecological Studies/Environment ImpactAssessment Survey, and

– Computerization and Dissemination ofData

Primary Objectives

The current mandate of ZSI is survey,collection documentation (including thetraditional knowledge associated withanimals) and ex situ conservation of wildanimal diversity of the country.

High priority areas include

– Digitization of present collections,preparation of fine scale distributionmaps based on primary occurrence dataand making it available in a searchableformat.

– Publication of National and State faunas.– Taxonomic studies, revisionary/

monographic studies on selected animalgroups.

– Identification of Red list species andspecies rich areas needing conservationand focus on data deficient species tocollect more information on populations.

– Development of National database ofIndian animals including Museumspecimens, live specimens, paintings,illustrations etc. and maintenance ofalready existing collections with modernfacilities and as per internationalstandards of collection management.

– Developing and maintaining Museumsand using such facilities for conservationeducation for people especially students.

– Ex situ conservation of criticallythreatened taxa.

– Capacity building in taxonomy,nomenclature, specimen collection,preservation and maintenance throughtraining programmes.

Secondary Objectives– To establish a panel of experienced and

active taxonomists and obtain their

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consent to participate in fauna project.– To prepare annotated checklist of different

groups of animals, museum collections,based on published documents givinglocal names if any with locality andhabitat. Make available the electronicversion of checklist to the general public;and circulate it among the panel ofzoologists who would, in turn, check foromissions, ambiguities, localities andhabitat through active consultation withother local zoologists.

– To begin with, state faunas should bepublished electronically giving correctnames, localities, habitats, sketches andphotographs of important species on aninteractive Fauna of India Website. Thiswill act as an outreach programme forall the biologists, and other interestedpublic.

Activities undertaken during the year– One Hundred and Twenty four extensive

faunal surveys are being undertaken todifferent States / UT's including importantecosystems and some selectedconservation / protected areas.

– Eleven status /ecological survey namelyexploration of Hamilton species of fishes,

Rock toad, (Bufoidsmeghalayana), Hill Myna (Graculareligiosa), Chinkara and Desertcat, Non-human primates, Goral(Nemorhaedus goral), four hornedantelope (Tetracerus quadricornis),Serow (Nemorhaedussumatraensis), Indian GoldenGecko (Calodactyloides aureus)and Coral reefs and associatedorganisms in Palk Bay were carriedout.– One survey related todocumentary work on massmigration of earthworms, one onecological and molecular studiesof turtles and one survey on

physico-chemical parameter of sea watersamples of adjoining coasts of Adyarriver were carried out.

– Seven short and long duration intensivesurveys for ecological and behavioralstudies were also undertaken.

– Detailed taxonomic studies were carriedout on the material collected during thepresent year and earlier surveys.

– The National Zoological collections werefurther enriched by the addition of13929 example of specimens (Unnamed)and 19010 identified specimensbelonging to 793 species.

– Identification and Advisory services wererendered to 115 individual/institution inIndia and abroad. The training courseswere also organized under training andextension programme.

– Totally 10,000 specimens of identifiedspecies were digitized so for.

Faunal explorations and surveys

Wetland ecosystem

A total of twenty extensive surveys, fivein Palair lake, Osman and Himayat Sagarfrom Andhra Pradesh, one in Damodar riverfrom Jharkhand, one in Ganga river from

Fig-12. Cervus unicolor or Sambar

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Uttarakhand, one in Cumbum Lake fromAndhra Pradesh, two in Wyra Lake fromAndhra Pradesh, one in West and East KhasiHills from Meghalaya, two in Attapur lakefrom Andhra Pradesh, one in PallikaraniMarsh from Tamil Nadu, one in Meda fromMaharashtra and one from Mawlyngot fromManipur and five surveys from SouthAndaman were also undertaken.

Estuarine ecosystem

One survey was undertaken to Pennarestuary from Orissa.

Marine/Island ecosystem

Ten extensive surveys one to Dighacoast, Three to Chennai coast and two toGulf of Mannar and Palk Bay from TamilNadu and four from Andaman.

Biosphere Reserve / Conservationareas

Ten surveys, four to Sunderban, five toJhilmil Jheel from Uttarakhand and one toAmboli reserve forest from Maharashtra wereundertaken during the year.

National Parks

Two surveys, One to Mahatma GandhiNational park and one survey to Saddlepeak National park from Andaman.

Wildlife Sanctuaries

Twelve surveys, one to Nannaj fromMaharashtra, two to Singhori from MadhyaPradesh, one each to Kalatop-Khajjar andChail from Himachal Pradesh, Bhimashankarfrom Maharashtra, Barnawapara fromChhatisgarh, Veerangana Durgavati fromMadhya Pradesh, Lohabarrack Crocodilefrom Andaman, Koyna from Maharashtra,Malabar from Kerala and Dugong fromAndaman.

Tiger Reserves

Three surveys, one to Pakke fromArunachal Pradesh, two surveys to Sajnekhalifrom West Bengal.

States and Union territories

Under the state fauna programme twentyone surveys in several districts of AndhraPradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka,

Fig-13. Crocodylus paluster or Mugger Crocodile

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Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra,Manipur, Orissa Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradeshand West Bengal were carried out.Ecological / Status Survey

Totally eleven status/ecological surveynamely exploration of Hamilton species offishes, Rock toad, (Bufoids meghalayana),Hill Myna (Gracula religiosa), Chinkara andDesert cat, Non-human primates, Goral(Nemorhaedus goral), four horned antelope(Tetracerus quadricornis), Serow(Nemorhaedus sumatraensis), Indian GoldenGecko (Calodactyloides aureus) and Coralreefs and associated organisms in Palk Baywere carried out.Some Important Research studiesundertaken– Survey and monitoring the health of

coral reefs of India (sponsored by MoEF).– Diversity and distribution of coral and

their associated fauna of Rani JhansiMarine National Park (sponsored byMoEF).

– GIS based mapping and analysis ofecological variables of reefs around thelittle Andaman Island (sponsored byMoEF).

– Survey and Monitoring of Coral reefs of

Andaman and Nicobar Islands(sponsored by Dept. ofEnvironment and Forests, A andN Islands).– Lead Institution: Great NicobarBiosphere Reserve (sponsored byMoEF).– Studies on the Faunal diversityof Great Nicobar BiosphereReserve (sponsored by MoEF ).– Faunal Diversity of ProtectedArea in Chhattisgarh (sponsoredby CAMPA, Chhattisgarh).– District-wise Faunal Diversity ofChhattisgarh (sponsored byCAMPA, Chhattisgarh).

– Rapid EIA on the alignment of road inGreat Nicobar Island, Andaman andNicobar islands

– Preparation of Management Plan (Year2012-2021) for Lohabarrack CrocodileSanctuary.

– Strengthening of Marine Aquarium andRegional centre at Digha, West Bengal(sponsored by World Bank).

Studies of DNA material for molecularstudies

– Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)has been signed with Indian Institute ofSciences, Bangalore for molecular studyof Fishing Cat.

– A MOU between ZSI/ANRC, Port Blairand ICAR CARI, Port Blair has beensigned for the collaborative study onMarine Sponges-Bar coding.

Research Activities

Discoveries of New Taxa / Species

During the surveys 13929 examples ofvarious groups of animals were collected.Altogether 19010 examples belonging to793 species were identified by the scientistsof ZSI Head Quarter and regional centres.In addition 29 species new to science have

Fig-14. Gazella bennettii or Chinkara

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been described during the year and 15species were added to new the fauna ofIndia.

Species New to Science

Class: AmphibiaOrder: AnuraFamily: Rhacophoridae– Raorchestes agasthyaenis– Raorchestes crustai– Raorchestes johnceei– Raorchestes kadalarensis– Raorchestes theuerkaufi– Raorchestes manohari– Raorchestes ravii– Raorchestes thodai– Raorchestes uthamani– Raorchestes bijuiFamily: Nyctibatrachidae– Nyctibatrachus jog– Nyctibatrachus pocha– Nyctibatrachus grundis– Nyctibatrachus pillai– Nyctibatrachus shirdi– Nyctibatrachus gavi– Nyctibatrachus vrijeuni– Nyctibatrachus periyar– Nyctibatrachus acanthoderis– Nyctibatrachus danieli– Nyctibatrachus devein– Nyctibatrachus indranelliOrder: GymnophionaFamily: Ichthyophidae– Ichthyophis davidiClass: InsectaOrder: HymenopteraFamily: Pteromalidae– Ischyroptyx biharensis– Merismomorpha intermedia– Merismomorpha tamilnadensis– Psilocera intermedia

– Psilocera namdaphaensisFamily: Scelionidae– Paridris spinosus

New addition to the fauna of India

– Pseudobiceros apricus– Aplysia parvula– Oziotelphus wagrakarowensis– Aegiris villosus– Aeolidiella alba– Chalidoneura fulvipunctata– Dermatobranchus rodmani– Glossodoris rufomarginalis– Glossodoris tomsmithi– Kaloplocamus acutus– Noumea alboannulata– Noumea angustolutea– Thuridilla indopacifica– Thuridilla albopustulosa– Acropoma argentistigma

Taxonomic studies

The research work carried out on thefauna collected from different states, protectedareas and important ecosystems are asfollows;

Fauna of India

The following volume was publishedduring the year 'Fauna of India: Eulophinae:(Insecta: Hymenoptera)".

Fauna of States

The details of number of species identifiedfrom different surveys of different states aregiven in Table-3.

Tiger / Biosphere Reserve

Sunderban, West Bengal - Four speciesof Grasshopper, fourteen species of Crustaceaand 44 species of Fishes were determined.

Eastern Ghat, Tamil Nadu - Twentyspecies of Protozoa, twenty seven species ofCladocera, six species of insects, six species

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Table-3. State wise status of species identified from different surveys

States/UT's Protozoa Rotifera Nematoda Mollusca Annelida Crustacea Cladocera Decapoda Insecta Odonata

Andhra Pradesh 3

Assam 7 2

Bihar 10 43

Haryana 18 5

Himachal Pradesh 16

Jharkhand 5 9 216

Karnataka 5 28

Kerala 5 13

Madhya Pradesh 9

Maharashtra 35 75 56 12

Manipur 2

Orissa 3 3

Rajasthan 7 4 10 5

Tamil Nadu 13 9 9 6 2 4

Uttarakhand 8 63 30

Uttar Pradesh 160

West Bengal 3 3

States/UT's Orthoptera Hemiptera Homoptera Coleoptera Lepidoptera Arachnida Echinodermata Fishes Amphibia Reptilia Mammalia

Andhra Pradesh 28

Assam 3

Haryana 27 3 2

Himachal Pradesh 18 6 26

Madhya Pradesh 73 44 16 3

Maharashtra 13 10 15

Manipur 2 9

Meghalaya 3 8 8

Orissa 3

Rajasthan 5 17 9 9

Tamil Nadu 5 13 40

Uttarakhand 41

Uttar Pradesh 4

West Bengal 95 7 4

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of Lepidoptera, three species of Butterflies,twenty nine species of Rotifera, two speciesof Ostracoda, twenty five species of fishesand twenty six species of Reptiles werestudied and determined.

Jhilmil Jheel, Uttakhand - Thirty twospecies Lepidoptera, 12 species of Insecta,nine species of Crustacea, 15 species ofNematoda, five species of Platyhelminthesand three species of Amphibians weredetermined.

Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu - Threespecies of Nematodes, three species ofearthworms and 15 species of sponges weredetermined.

Wildlife sanctuary

– Phansad, Maharashtra - One species ofArachnida, three species of Insecta, 11species of Lepidoptera, six species ofCollembola, two species of Crustaceaand two species of Fishes weredetermined.

– Veerangana Durgavati, Madhya Pradesh- Twenty two species of Lepidoptera andeight species of Mollusca weredetermined.

– Singhori, Madhya Pradesh - Six speciesof Protozoa, 42 species of Coleoptera,10 species of Lepidoptera and 16 speciesof Arachnida were determined.

– Chail, Himachal Pradesh - Two speciesof insects and three species of fisheswere determined.

– Parmadan, West Bengal - Nine speciesof Arachnida were studied anddetermined.

– Malabar, Kerala - Five species ofPteromalidae and five species of Molluscawere determined.

– Govind, Uttarkhand - Eight species ofBrachiopoda were studied anddetermined.

– Radhangari, Maharashtra - Ten speciesof Crustacea were determined.

– Simbalbara, Himachal Pradesh - Thirtythree species of Coleoptera weredetermined.

– Kalatop-Khajjar, Himachal Pradesh - Eightspecies of Insects were determined.

– Kalesar, Haryana - Eight species ofFishes were determined.

– Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu - Three speciesof Insects, three species of Hemipteraand seven species of sponges weredetermined.

– Sitamata, Rajasthan - Four species ofOdonata, nine species of Homopterawere determined.

National Parks

– Namdapha, Arunachal Pradesh - Sixspecies of Pteromalidae were determined

– Keibul-Lamjao, Manipur - Six species ofReptiles were determined.

– Chandoli, Maharashtra - Twelve speciesof Insects and two species Crustaceawere determined.

Fauna of Important Ecosystems

– Desert (Aravalli) - A total of eightspecies of Odonata and 16 species ofLepidoptera were studied anddetermined.

Wetland / Fresh water / Riverine

– Beas River, Punjab - A total of eightspecies of Fishes were studies anddetermined

– Palair and Cumbum Lake, AndhraPradesh - 11 species of Fishes, fourspecies of Hemiptera, three species ofColeoptera, five species of Mollusca,and four species of Cladocera weredetermined.

– Damodar river, Jharkhand - seven speciesof Mollusca were studied anddetermined.

– Kabini river, Karnataka - Fifteen speciesof Fishes were determined.

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– Lakes of Udaipur,Rajasthan - Three speciesof Telenchidae(Nematoda) weredetermined.

– Konkan region,Maharashtra - Sevenspecies of Fishes werestudied and determined.

Forests

– East Khasi Hills,Meghalaya - Twelvespecies of Hemiptera, onespecies of Earthworm,twenty two species ofFishes and eighteen species of Amphibiawere studied and determined.

– Jamini, Maharashtra - Ten speciesof insects were determined.

– Kairoyan Hills, Tamil Nadu - Onespecies of Reduvidae (Hemiptera) andone species of Cercopidae (Hemiptera)were identified.

Marine / Island / Coastal

– Pallikarani marsh, Tamil Nadu - Totallynine species of Amoebae and sixteenspecies of Fishes were determined.

– Andaman and Nicobar - Five hundredfifty species of Scleractinian corals, onehundred four species of Echinoderms,fifty nine species of Nudibranchs, onehundred four species of Gastropods,thirty three species of Crustacea, onehundred sixty seven species of butterflies,Forty eight species of Ophisthobranchs,seventy three species of Mollusca, fivespecies of Odonata, three species ofGorgonids, thirty five species ofDragonflies, eight species of Sponges,five species of Polyclads, one hundredtwenty four species of Fishes, two speciesof Reptiles, seventy seven species ofBirds and five species of mammals weredetermined.

Other studies

– Pictorial Handbook on Fishes ofNE: List of 400 species updated andphotography is under progress.

– Pictorial Handbook on Dragonfliesand Damselflies of Rajasthan:Description of 15 species were completedand two photo plates were prepared.

– Pictorial Handbook on Fishes andAmphibians of Himachal Pradesh:Diagnostic characters of 15 species ofFishes and 17 species of Amphibianswere completed.

– Pictorial Handbook on Butterfliesof Arunachal Pradesh: Themanuscript has been submitted for thepublication.

– Identification and Advisoryservices: The ZSI continued its task ofrendering Identification and Advisoryservices free of cost to research andteaching institutions in India and abroad,Central and state Government/Agencies,NGO's, Industries and also to individualson zoological specimens and relatedmatters.

– Development of NationalZoological collections: The ZSI as aNational repository of Zoological

Fig-15. Raorchestes manohari

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collections, maintains identified speciesbelonging to all animal groups in thecountry. The National Zoologicalcollections were further enriched by theaddition of 13929 examples ofspecimens (unnamed) and 19010identified specimens pertaining to 793species.

Training and Extension

During the year four programmes wereorganized (i) Environmental Day was observedon 7th June, 2011(ii) International BiodiversityDay was celebrated on 24th May, 2011(iii)A National Seminar on Traditional Knowledgeand Social Practices Promoting BiodiversityConservation' was organized on 24th

September, 2011 (iv) A National Seminar onnatural and Anthropogenic Hazards ofEnvironment-their Impact on Biodiversity andConservation, and Biotechnological Approachfor its remedies' is being jointly organized atVidyasagar College, Kolkata.

Publications

– Fauna of IndiaEulophinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera)

– Records of Zoological Survey ofIndia: Vol.111. Part -1

– Occasional Papers: No. 325, 328,329, 330, 331 and 332.

– Handbook and Pictorial guides:Hand book on plant and soil Nematodesof Rajasthan.

Special Publications

– Animal Discoveries– Critically Endangered Animals of India– Prani Vigyan Ki Vargikaran Shabdawali– State fauna Series: Fauna of Tamil

Nadu (Part-2)– Wetland Ecosystem Series: Series

No. 14, Chorus of Bihar

State-wise status

There are 28 States and seven Unionterritories in the country. Based on the surveyand taxonomic work carried so for, ZSI haspublished faunal documents pertaining to thestates (including Union Territories) of AndhraPradesh (eight volume), Arunachal Pradesh(two volume), Bihar (including Jharkhand(one volume), Delhi (one volume), Goa (onevolume) Gujarat (two volumes), Lakshadweep(one volume), Madhya Pradesh (includingChhattisgarh ( two volumes), Manipur ( threevolumes), Meghalaya (ten volumes), Mizoram(two volumes), Nagaland (one volume), Orissa(four volumes published), Sikkim (five volumes),Tamil Nadu (one volume), Tripura (fourvolumes), Uttarakhand (three volumes) andWest Bengal (twelve volumes). State wisenumbers of species identified from differentsurveys are given in Table-3.

Regulatory Acts/ Rules governing theprogramme and promulgation of newActs, if any, along with the details

The Regulatory Acts/Rules governing theprogramme of The Zoological Survey of India

Table-4. Comparison of progress

Sl. Physical targets Achievement during the Achievements during theNo. Financial year 2010-11 Financial year 2011-12

(Till November, 2011)

Targets Achievements Targets Achievements

1. Surveys conducted 131 127 124 71

2. Publication 35 36 26 10

3. Species identified 1500 1650 1500 793

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are (i) Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972with the objective of effectively protecting thewild life of the country and to controlpoaching, smuggling and illegal trade inwildlife and its derivatives. The objectives ofthis Act is to provide protection to the listedendangered fauna and ecologically importantprotected areas in the country. In addition,ZSI providing (1) status survey of endangeredspecies (2) identification and supportingprotection of endangered Wildlife to WCCB,Customs and Forest Department (3) providingFaunal Diversity of Protected Areas and (ii)The Biological Diversity Act, 2002, whichrecognizes the sovereign rights of states touse their own Biological Resources. The Actaims at the conservation of biologicalresources and associated knowledge as wellas facilitating access to them in a sustainablemanner and through a just process or

purposes. ZSI is supervising in providinginformation for People's Biodiversity Rights aswell as safe guarding designated faunalrepository of the country.

Implementing organizations alongwith details of responsibilities

Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata alongwith its 16 regional centres at different partsof the country is implementing all activities.The main responsibilities of ZSI and its 16regional centre are survey, collection,documentation (including the traditionalknowledge associated with animals) and exsitu conservation of wild animal diversity ofthe country.

High priority areas include:

– Survey and Identification of fauna.– Publication of National and State faunas.

– Taxonomic studies,revisionary/monographicstudies on selected animalgroups.– Identification of Red listspecies and species richareas needing conservationand focus on data deficientspecies to collect moreinformation on populations.– Development ofNational database of Indiananimals including Museumspecimens, live specimens,paintings, illustrations etc.and maintenance of already

Table-5. Budget allocation of the scheme during the year and Progress of Expenditure

(Rs. in Thousand)

Plan Non Plan

BE RE Expenditure Upto % BE RE Expenditure Upto %

2011-12 2011-12 29.02.2012 2011-12 2011-12 29.02.2012

144900 179900 171152 95.13 143500 168500 160273 95.11

Fig-16. Spotted tree frog, (Rhacophorus bipunctatus)

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existing collections withmodern facilities and as perinternational standards ofcollection management.

– Developing and maintainingMuseums and using suchfacilities for conservationeducation for peopleespecially students.

– Ex situ conservation ofcritically threatened taxa.

– Capacity building intaxonomy, nomenclature,specimen collection,preservation andmaintenance throughtraining programmes.

– Digitization of present collections,preparation of fine scale distributionmaps based on primary occurrence dataand making it available in a searchableformat.

List of autonomous, attached andregional offices with updates underthe administrative control of theDivision.

There are sixteen regional centres ofZoological Survey of India located at differentparts of the country as follows:

– Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre,Port Blair

– Arunachal Pradesh Regional Centre,Itanagar

– Central Zone Regional Centre, Jabalpur– Desert Regional Centre, Jodhpur– North Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong– Estuarine Biology Regional Centre,

Gopalpur on Sea– Freshwater Biology Regional Centre,

Hyderabad– Gangetic Plains Regional Centre, Patna– High Altitude Regional Centre, Solan

– Marine Aquarium and Research Centre,Digha

– Marine Biology Regional Centre,Chennai.

– Northern Regional Centre, Dehradun– Southern Regional Centre, Chennai.– Sunderbans Regional Centre, Canning– Western Regional Centre, Pune– Western Ghat Field Research Centre,

Kozhikode

Forest Resources and Survey

Survey and Utilisation (SU) Division

Survey & Utilization (SU) Division dealswith the matters related to Forest Survey ofIndia, Dehradun, Andaman & Nicobar Forest& Plantation Development CorporationLimited, Port Blair, all State Forest DevelopmentCorporations, Export & Import of wood andwood products, Forest Certification,Sustainable Forest Management, InternationalTropical Timber Organization, NationalForestry Database Information System,Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) Cellamong the other matters.

The Division executes plan scheme'Strengthening of Forestry Division' with five

Fig-17. Saza (Serow), State Animal of Mizoram

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components under which the main works ofthe division related to above mandate areexecuted. These works component wise aredescribed in detail along with theachievements during the year.

Forest Survey of India (FSI)

Introduction

Forest Survey of India (FSI), anorganization under Ministry of Environment& Forests, Government of India is engagedin the assessment of the country's forestresources on a regular interval. Establishedon June 1, 1981, the Forest Survey of Indiasucceeded the "Pre-investment Survey of ForestResources" (PISFR), a project initiated in1965 by Government of India with thesponsorship of Food and AgricultureOrganization (FAO) and United NationsDevelopment Programme (UNDP) to ascertainthe availability of raw material forestablishment of wood based industries inselected areas of the country. Pre-InvestmentSurvey of Forest Resources (PISFR) wasreorganized into FSI in June 1981. Themandate of FSI was refined in 1986 in orderto make it more relevant to the rapidlychanging needs and aspirations of the country.

The Forest Survey of India isheadquartered at Dehradun and has fourzonal offices located at Shimla, Kolkata,Nagpur and Bangalore. The organization is

headed by a Director Generalwho is assisted by two JointDirectors at headquarter whoare looking after the NationalForest Data Management Centre(NFDMC) and the Training &Forest Inventory (TFI) wings andsupported by Deputy Directors,Assistant Directors and othertechnical staff. Each zonal officeis headed by a Regional Directorsupported by Deputy Directorand other technical staff. TheHeadquarter as well as the Zonal

offices work in close coordination to carry outthe various activities of FSI.

Some main activities of Forest Surveyof India

– Forests & Tree Cover Assessment:Forest Survey of India (FSI) assessesforest cover of the country byinterpretation of satellite data on a two-year cycle and presents the informationin the form of 'India State of ForestReport'. With the release of the 'IndiaState of Forest Report 2009' so far 11cycles of forest cover assessment havebeen completed since 1987. Work forthe 12th cycle is completed and finalreport of India State of Forest Report(ISFR) 2011 is ready for release. Withthe advancement of technologies ofimage processing and data quality ofremote-sensing, the methodology of forestcover assessment has improved to providemore accurate data products for betteroperational management and planning.In addition to forest cover, assessment oftree cover of the country is also beingcarried out using the Trees OutsideForests (TOF) inventory data. The scaleof interpretation has improved from 1:1million (SFR 1987) to 1:50,000 bringingdown the minimum mappable area toone hectare from 400 hectare. Thespatial resolution of the sensor has come

Fig-18. A view of dry deciduous forests in Ranthambhore

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down from the course resolution of 80m x 80 m to a fine resolution of 23.5m x 23.5 m.Atlas: Forest Types of India: The FSIis also preparing for the first time a Atlasof forest types of India. This is based onthe Champion & Seth Classification(1968), which is the standardized foresttype classification system followed inIndia. The classification depicts India'srich forest diversity into 16 forest typesgroups and 200 types including subtypesand variations. The exercise has beenundertaken under the National NaturalResource Management System Sub-Committee on Bio-Resources (NNRMSSC-B).

– Forests & TOF inventorypreparation: Inventory of forests andTrees Outside Forests (TOF) is one of themajor activities of FSI. Forest growingstock (wood volume) has traditionallybeen a key indicator of forest wealthand its estimation has formed a majoractivity of forest resource assessment/inventory. In India, systematic forestinventory began in 1864 when thepreparation of working plan started andhas remained central to the forestmanagement at divisional/district level.A new National Forest Inventory (NFI)has been designed and adopted by FSIsince 2002. The country has beendivided into 14 physiographic zones &60 districts randomly selected from thesezones on probability proportional to sizeare inventoried in two years. The firstsuch estimate was published in 'SFR2003'. In addition to inventory of forests,Trees Outside Forests (TOF) resourcesare also inventoried concurrently toprovide a national estimate of growingstock of TOF on a two year cycle. About10,000 sample plots are laid out in TOFareas. In the recent past TOF resourceshave gained importance because of

their increasing role in social cause dueto advent of FRA, Tribal Acts etc. A totaltarget of 30 districts have been fixed forinventory of forest and TOF to becompleted during the year 2011-2012.

– Training: Forest Survey of India (FSI)has been imparting training since 1981on the modern techniques applied inforest inventory and surveys. During thecurrent financial year, 100 forestpersonnel from the various State ForestDepartments have been trained in thetraining courses run by the FSI till 31stDecember, 2011 on the followingthemes, to integrate modern technologyand field applications:-● Application of Remote Sensing and

GIS in Effective Forest Planning andManagement.

● Remote Sensing and its Applicationin Natural Resource Management.

● Application of GPS in Forest Surveysand Demarcation.

● Forest Inventory and TOF InventoryTechniques.

Since its inception, more than 4,000Forestry Personnel from State ForestDepartments have been trained at FSI.Recently in a capacity building effort,one week training on Changedetection and Vegetation Mappingwas organized at USDA Forest ServiceRemote Sensing Application Centre,(RSAC) at Salt Lake City, Utah fromDecember 12th to 16th December 2011for five officers from Forest Survey ofIndia, one each from Indian Council ofForestry Research & Education andMinistry of Environment and Forests. Thetraining was a good exposure to thelatest technologies and their applicationsfor natural resource monitoring andmanagement. It has also provided aperspective on what could be the futurecollaborative areas for carrying outcapacity building.

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Major Achievements

Indo US Forest and Carbon Workshop

Forest Survey of India (FSI) has conducteda three day workshop on Indo-US ForestInventory and Monitoring of Carbon Toolsand Technologies during 7th - 9th June, 2011at FSI Dehradun. During the workshop FSIand United States Forest Services (USFS)experts exchanged the methodologies andtechnologies being used for estimation andmonitoring of forest and carbon.

Monitoring of Land Use and LandCover using Remote Sensing and GIStechniques in the Bellary, Chitradurgaand Tumkur Districts of Karnataka

Land Use and Land Cover changeassessment based on the analysis of multi-temporal satellite data has been carried outas part of Macro level Environmental ImpactAssessment (EIA) study carried out for Bellary,

Chitradurga and Tumkur districts on thedirections of the Hon'ble Supreme Court ofIndia. The area affected due to miningactivities has been assessed between the twoperiods i.e. 2000-2006 and 2006-2011 soas to identify the extent of mining andsubsequently the area mined outside theleased area on qualitative basis. Overall, thepresent macro EIA study highlights the extentof mining and consequently the change inLand use and Land Cover during the period2000-2011.

Forest Fire Monitoring

Forest fire monitoring has been carriedout in FSI since November 2005. As part ofthe process, the forest fire data generated byMODIS satellite system is overlaid on theforest cover map prepared by interpretationof satellite images. The latitude and longitudeof the forest fire points are listed and uploadedon the FSI website (www.fsi.nic.in). Since

Fig-19. Sâwleng rama chul thlâm, a Typical jhum hut at Sâwleng Village in Mizoram

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March 2010, an SMS/e-mail alert servicewas launched under which any internet userregistered on the FSI website via mobilenumber/email address, gets an SMS/emailalert every day summarizing the forest firepoints detected in his area of interest in thelast 24 hrs. The service has been applaudedwell and preliminary feedback suggests over95% accuracy level. Efforts are being madeto reduce the reaction time of forest firereporting from 24 hrs to six hrs. This shall beachieved by collaborating with NRSC fortransfer of direct readout of the satellite datawhich will be sent through FTP to FSI. Inaddition it is envisaged that Nodal officersshall be created at the State ForestDepartments level to disseminate theinformation received from FSI to the fireaffected forest areas.

Green India Mission

A meeting of officers of State ForestDepartments was held as part of the expert

consultation for identification of landscapesand operating units under Green India Missionat Forest Survey of India, Dehradun on 4th

November, 2011. The main objective of thisconference was identification of operationalareas ranging from 5,000 hectares - 10,000hectares. For the purpose of the study of areaat compartment level, South Seoni Division ofMadhya Pradesh was selected.Aravalli Hills-Mining and MappingProject

The task of the mapping of mining areasof the Aravalli hills and mining leases thereinfor 15 districts of Rajasthan is being carriedout by FSI pursuant to the Hon'ble SupremeCourt Order dated 19.2.2010 in IA No.828 in W.P. (Civil) no. 202/1995.

As part of the same, delineation of'Aravalli Hills' in the State of Rajasthan andcreation of a mosaic and spatial databaseof high resolution satellite imageries of theAravalli Hills (LISS IV, CARTOSAT II, Quickbird

Fig-20. Task of the mapping of mining areas of the Aravali hills

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etc.) of the latest period have been completed.The generation of the forest cover map (FCM)of the Aravalli Hills based on LISS IV satellitedata is presently being carried out.Forest Cover Mapping of Punjab Stateusing LISS IV satellite Data

Forest Cover Mapping of Punjab Statewas carried out by FSI in 2008 as part ofa project. This project entailed forest covermapping of 17 districts of Punjab using IRS-P6 LISS IV (Spatial Resolution 5.8 m) andtotal 172 LISS IV scenes covering the wholeof Punjab. Forest Cover assessed in alldistricts of Punjab has been mapped at thescale of 1:25000 with minimum mappablearea of 0.125 hectare in different canopydensity classes. Forest nurseries, road sideplantation, rail side plantation, canal sideplantation, new plantation areas(Government/Private) and plantation inagricultural land have been mapped underTOF category. Interpretation was followed byextensive ground verification in July, 2011and November, 2011 respectively and thenecessary corrections were incorporatedsubsequently. District wise Forest cover mapof Punjab has been prepared.National Spatial Data Infrastructure(NSDI)

National Spatial Data Infrastructure(NSDI) for India is an initiative undertaken byDepartment of Science and Technology,Government of India. NSDI aimed atencouraging collection, aggregation anddistribution of spatial data on different themeson a common defined set of standards andformats by different mapping agencies inIndia. FSI is the nodal agency for forestrysector for the DST endeavour aimed atcreating a portal from which users maydirectly access and buy all kinds of spatialdata generated by Indian mapping agencies.Network of Regional Offices

Six Regional Offices have been set upat Bangalore, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Lucknow,

Shillong and Chandigarh, with theHeadquarter unit at New Delhi in the Ministry:-

Main functions (Objectives) of theRegional offices are:-

– To monitor and evaluate all ongoingforestry development projects and schemewith specific emphasis on conservationof forests;

– To assist the State/UT Governments inpreparation of the proposals involvingdiversion of forests land for non-forestrypurposes under the provisions ofForest(Conservation) Act, 1980;

– To undertake physical inspection of sitein cases of diversion of forestlandinvolving an area of more than 40 ha.

– To monitor the implementation ofconditions and safeguards stipulated byCentral Government in the proposalapproved under Forest (Conservation)Act, 1980.

– To assist the State/UTs in the preparationof management plans for working offorest under their control within theframework of guidelines issued by CentralGovernment from time to time;

– To assist the State/UTs in streamliningcollection, collation, storage and retrievalof data / covering all forestry activitiesand to transmit such data to the CentralGovernment/ Central Data ProcessingUnit.

– To dispose of proposal for diversion offorestland up five ha. & to examine /process the proposal above five ha. to40 ha.; except regularization ofencroachment and mining.

– To render assistance in preparation ofthe National Forestry Action Plan.

– To assist Paryavaran Vahinies in thecapacity of observers as well as technicaladvisors;

– To monitor implementation of conditionsand safeguards laid down by the Ministry

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for Environmental clearance under EPA1986.

The Headquarter Unit at New Delhi inthe Ministry is responsible for administration,supervision and co-ordination of all theactivities relating to the functions assigned tothe Regional Offices as enumerated aboveunder the overall control of the Ministry ofEnvironment & Forests.

Forest Certification of Timber andNon-Timber Forest Products

Forest Certification has emerged as avoluntary market-driven mechanism in supportof Sustainable Forest Management (SFM).Certification initiatives rely on consumersexercising purchasing choice in favour ofproducts labelled as originating from forestscertified to have been sustainably managed.Certification and Eco-labelling are the newmantras to enhance the product positioningfor a premium price on one hand andensuring better forest management practiceson the other hand.

The report by National Forest CertificationCommittee was submitted in September, 2010and was circulated to all the State ForestDepartments to furnish their comments on thesame. The Ministry has also constituted aCore Committee under the chairmanshipof Director General of Forests & SpecialSecretary in the Ministry to undertake one-on-one consultation with stakeholders andfirm up the concept of the envisaged IndianForest Certification Council.

After one to one consultation with differentstakeholders, a meeting was also held in theMinistry on 13th and 14th June, 2011, whereall the stakeholders unanimously acceptedthe proposed framework of Indian ForestCertification Council and it was suggestedthat the Ministry should facilitate to preparea draft concept note of Indian ForestCer tification Council as per therecommendations received from variousstakeholders.

The Ministry is in the process of preparingdraft report of Indian Forest CertificationCommittee related to Standard setting,accreditation body set up, set up ofadministrative and technical committee,structure of council, composition, ToRs of thecouncil, its objective activities and source offunding.

Development of National ForestryDatabase Management System(NFDMS)

The main objectives of the scheme are:– To prepare a blue print towards the

development of National ForestryDatabase Management System to monitorthe programmes. Forest Survey of Indiais its nodal agency.

– To develop Forest Statistics Databaseand to ensure advocate networking withthe State / UTs Forest Department. Thedatabase system will collect, compileand disseminate information on theproduction and consumption pattern offorestry products including Timber, NonWood Forest Products, Forest Trade anddata related to Export, Import of ForestryProducts. Scheme aims for developmentof National Forest Management Systemintegrated with information systems ofthe States to ensure effective monitoringwith a universal access of all stakeholders.It is taken care of by Statistical Cellunder SU Division. Upgradation andcompilation of forestry data being acontinuous process, the cell wouldcontinue to work during 12th Five YearPlan.

Forest Survey of India has submitted anEFC Memo on Strengthening of ForestryDatabase and Monitoring of all the CentralSponsored Scheme during the current year2010-11. It was also decided that the aboveobjectives of 'National Forestry DatabaseManagement System' will be also be a partof schemes of FSI.

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The Ministry in the current year has alsoreviewed the progress of the project 'Surveyof Status, Current Utilization and Potential forSustainable Utilization of BiodiversityResources in Andaman & Nicobar Islands'sanctioned to Andaman & Nicobar IslandsForest & Plantation Development CorporationLtd. (ANIFPDCL), Port Blair.

National Coordinated Programme forAssessment of Non-Timber ForestProducts Resources

The scheme was introduced during 11th

Five Year Plan for assessment of Non TimberForest Product Resource focuses onassessment, monitoring and evaluation studiesin the broad areas of forestry trade, productionand disposal of NTFPs in the country.

Planning Commission has recentlysuggested that the Ministry of Tribal Affairs,Govt. of India, shall be the nodal andadministrative Ministry for operationalizingthe Minimum Support Price for Minor ForestProduces (MFPs). Planning Commission hasalso given the responsibility to the Ministryof Environment & Forests for compilingNational Level information regarding datarelated to MFPs such as:-– Quick assessment of condition of 12-14

important MFPs– Making available planting material– Training on sustainable productivity– Management plans and working plans

of MFPs to be drawn up in a transparentmanner in consultation with Gram Sabhas

The Ministry of Environment & Forests isconsulting various States for their suggestionsfor quick assessment of conditions of 12-14important MFPs, making available plantingmaterial, training of sustainable productivityand other issues. In this regard, few meetingsat the national level were also conductedduring this year with the Nodal Officer fromthe States dealing with NTFP Management.Even an advisory was circulated to some

major producing NTFP States regardingMinimum Support Price of Minor ForestProduce.

During the current year, the Ministry hasreleased an amount of Rs. 15.89 lakhs to FRI,Dehradun for the ongoing research projecton estimation of Biomass, Role of WoodCarving, Bamboo etc. During the currentyear, the Ministry has reviewed project on'Ensuring Fair Returns to Primary Collectorsof Non timber Forest Products' which isexecuted by FRI, Dehradun. During the year2010-11, the Ministry has also sanctioned aproject to Indian Council of Forestry Research& Education (ICFRE), Dehradun for preparationof Forestry Sector Report, 2010.

Other Works of the Division undermandate that may be mentioned are:

– Export & Import of forestryproducts and Tariff structureforestry items

The Division deals with the formulationof guidelines and directions for domestic andinternational trade in forest produce and thenecessary regulation of export and import offorest produce as per the Foreign TradePolicy as well as the applied Tariff rates.

– International Tropical TimberOrganization (ITTO) - India'sContribution

The International Tropical TimberOrganisation (ITTO) was established during1983 and is governed by the InternationalTropical Timber Agreement (ITTA). The ITTOis a commodity organisation bringing togetherthe producer and consumer member countriesto discuss and exchange information anddevelop policies of all aspects of the WorldTropical Timber Economy. The Headquarterof ITTO is at Yokohama, Japan. There are 60member countries, out of which 33 areProducer member countries and 27 Consumermember countries. India belongs to the groupof the producing member countries. The

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ITTO's membership represents 90% of worldtrade in tropical timber and 80% of theworld's tropical forests.

The International Tropical TimberAgreement (ITTA), 1994 has been replacedby a successor agreement, i.e. the ITTA2006. India as a signatory to ITTA 1994 hasratified and deposited the instrument ofratification with the UN Secretary General inNew York on 25th July, 2008.

The governing body of the ITTO is theInternational Tropical Timber Council (ITTC),which is composed of all the organizationmembers. The Council is supported by fourCommittees namely:-● Committee on Economic Information and

Market Intelligence● Committee on Reforestation and Forest

Management● Committee on Forest Industry● Committee on Finance and

Administration

Sh. A.M. Singh, IFS is a member ofExpert Panel of ITTO from India and he hasattended 42nd & 43rd expert panel meetingsof ITTO in Yokohama, Japan during August,2011 & February, 2012 respectively. The47th session of the International TropicalTimber Council (ITTC), the governing body ofITTO was held at Guatemala during 14th -19th November, 2011 and was attended byDeputy Inspector General of Forests, Survey& Utilisation Division as Indian delegate.

– UK - India Forest LandscapeRestoration Project

During the year, the Ministry hasapproved the Phase I of UK - India ForestLandscape Restoration Project which isexecuted by Indian Council of ForestryResearch & Education, Dehradun. The ICFRE,Dehradun has received Rs. 1.35 crores fromDFID for the above project. During the 1st

phase of the project, the UK ForestryCommission and their Forest Research Agency

(FRA) alongwith Indian counterpart agenciesi.e. ICFRE, FRI, TERI, State Forest Departmentof Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh and OrissaStates; Forest Survey of India; and IndianInstitute of Forest Management undertook areview of the status of FLR in MadhyaPradesh, Orissa and Uttarakhand as pilotStates for study, apart from the desk reviewof FLR initiatives at country level.

– Sustainable Forest Management(SFM) Cell

Sustainable Management of Forests isnot a new concept in India. India remainscommitted to the goals of Sustainable ForestManagement is a signatory to the "Objective2000" of the ITTO.

The Ministry has sanctioned the threeprojects on Criteria & Indicators forSustainable Forest Management to IndianInstitute of Forest Management (IIFM), Bhopal.During the current year, IIFM has submittedits report on above three projects to theMinistry and the same will be reviewed in theMinistry with the representative of StateForest Departments and Senior Officers of theMinistry. The FRI, Dehradun had beenentrusted with responsibility to execute aproject for revising Working Plan Code byincorporating final C&I for SFM and annexingmicroplan processes for JFM areas and Eco-development areas.

– Andaman & Nicobar IslandsForest and PlantationDevelopment Corporation Ltd.

Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forest andPlantation Development Corporation Limited(ANIFPDCL) is a Government of India PublicSector Undertaking, created in 1977 with thebroad objectives of development andmanaging forestry plantations on the Islands.The Corporation has three main activitiesnamely (i) Forestry Project, (ii) Red Oil Palm(ROP) and (iii) Katchal Rubber Project (KRP)in operation. Though once a 'Mini Ratna', ithas now turned into a loss making undertaking

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mainly due to the fact that its main activityi.e. logging, has been curtailed by theHon'ble Supreme Court's Order banning thefelling of trees. Presently, the obligatoryexpenses of the Corporation like the paymentof salaries, wages etc. are possible due tothe sanction of interest bearing loans everyyear from the Govt. of India. During the year2011-12, an amount of Rs.11.00 croreshave been sanctioned and released toANIFPDCL as an interest bearing loan for itsstatutory requirements.

In view of the above circumstances, adecision was taken for phased closure of

ANIFPDCL in a period of five years from2011-2016, keeping in view that the majorityof 1485 staff would be due for naturalattrition during the five years period.Accordingly, a draft Cabinet Note wasprepared for phased closure of ANIFPDCLalongwith pay / wage revision for processing.

In the meanwhile, Andaman & NicobarAdministration has proposed to take over theANIFPDCL and revive it by diversifying itsactivities by venturing into eco-tourismprovided its present liabilities are settled. TheSU Division is in the process of preparingdraft Cabinet Note & CNE for the same.

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Environmental Conservation

Conservation and Management ofMangroves & Coral Reefs

IntroductionThe Ministry of Environment & Forests is

at the forefront in regard to the Conservationand Management of Mangroves & CoralReefs. It accords high priority to theconservation and management of mangrovesand coral reefs in the country.

The National Environment Policy andthe Scheme

The National Policy, 2006 recognizesthat Mangroves and Coral Reefs are animportant coastal environmental resource.They provide habitats for marine species;protection from extreme weather events; anda resource base for sustainable tourism. TheNational Environment Policy underlines theneed to mainstream the sustainablemanagement of mangroves into the forestrysector regulatory regime and adopt acomprehensive approach to IntegratedCoastal Zone Management.

Mangroves

Mangroves are plants that survive highsalinity, tidal regimes, strong wind velocity,high temperature and muddy anaerobic soil- a combination of conditions hostile for otherplants. The mangrove ecosystems constitutea symbiotic link or bridge between terrestrialand marine ecosystems. They are found inthe inter-tidal zones of sheltered shores,estuaries, creeks, backwaters, lagoons,marshes and mud-flats. Mangrove vegetationhas been reported in all the coastal States/UTs. India is home to some of the bestmangroves in the world. West Bengal has themaximum of mangrove cover in the countryfollowed by Gujarat and Andaman & NicobarIslands. However, not all coastal areas aresuitable for mangrove plantation as mangroverequires an appropriate mix of saline and

freshwater, and soft substrate like mudflats tobe able to grow and perpetuate. TheGovernment has identified 38 mangroveareas on a country wide basis for intensiveconservation and management. (Table-6)

The Government seeks to sustainmangroves in the country by both regulatoryand promotional measures. The CoastalRegulation Zone Notification, 2011,recognizes the mangrove areas asecologically sensitive and categorizes themas CRZ-I(i), which implies that these areas areaccorded protection of the highest order.Under the promotional measures, as saidbefore, the Government has identified 38mangrove areas on a country wide basis forintensive conservation and management.During the last financial year (2010-11), asum of Rs.7.10 crores were released tovarious Coastal States/UTs under the CentrallySponsored Scheme for 'Conservation andManagement of Mangroves'.

State/UT wise Mangrove Cover

Mangrove ecosystems are rich inbiodiversity and harbor a number of floraland faunal species (both terrestrial andaquatic) many of which, e.g. the tiger,gangetic dolphin, estuarine crocodile etc.are critically endangered. They also act asnurseries for fin fish, shell fish, crustaceansand mollusks. Mangrove forests are regardedas the most productive ecosystems in theworld on account of the large quantities oforganic and inorganic nutrients released inthe coastal waters by these ecosystems.

The mangroves besides providing anumber of ecological services also play amajor role in protecting coastal areas fromerosion, tidal storms and surges (tsunamis).They help in land accretion by trapping thefine debris particles. They are also animportant source of honey, tannins, wax,besides fish. Presently, these are one of themost threatened ecosystems on account ofboth anthropogenic factors (reclamation of

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Table-6. Mangroves Sites in India

State/Union Territories Mangrove areas West Bengal 1. Sunderbans Orissa 2. Bhaitarkanika

3. Mahanadi 4. Subernarekha 5. Devi-Kauda 6. Dhamra 7. Mangrove Genetic Resources Centre 8. Chilka

Andhra Pradesh 9. Coringa 10. East Godavari 11. Krishna

Tamil Nadu 12. Pichavaram 13. Muthupet 14. Ramnad 15. Pulicat 16. Kazhuveli

Andaman & Nicobar

17. North Andamans 18. Nicobar

Kerala 19. Vembanad 20. Kannur (Northern Kerala)

Karnataka 21. Coondapur 22. Dakshin Kannada/Honnavar 23. Karwar 24. Manglore Forest Division

Goa 25. Goa Maharashtra 26. Achra-Ratnagiri

27. Devgarh-Vijay Durg 28. Veldur 29. Kundalika-Revdanda 30. Mumbra-Diva 31. Vikroli 32. Shreevardhan 33. Vaitarna 34. Vasai-Manori 35. Malvan

Gujarat 36. Gulf of Kutchh 37. Gulf of Khambhat 38. Dumas-Ubhrat

land, discharge of waste etc) and naturalfactors like global warming.

Sundarbans in West Bengal accounts foralmost half of the total area under mangrovesin India. The Forest Survey of India has been

assessing the mangrove cover using remotesensing since 1987.

In the first assessment, the estimatedextent of the mangrove cover was 4,046 km2

which was carried out at 1:1 million scale.

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Subsequently, from 1989 to 1999 themangrove covers were assessed regularly ona two-year cycle at 1:250,000 scale.Assessment from 2001 onwards has beencarried out at 1:50,000 scale. State/UT-wise mangrove cover as assessed by FSI indifferent assessments is given in the Table-7.

The current assessment shows that themangrove cover in the country is 4,662.56km2, which is 0.14 percent of the country'stotal geographical area. The very densemangrove comprises 1403 km2 (30.10% ofthe mangrove cover), moderately densemangrove is 1658.12 km2 (35.57% of themangrove cover) while open mangroves coveran area of 1600.44 km2 (34.33% of themangrove cover). Compared with 2009assessment, there has been a net increase of23.34 km2 in the mangrove cover of thecountry. This can be attributed to increasedplantations particularly in Gujarat State andregeneration of natural mangrove areas.

In case of Mangroves, the objectives ofthe Scheme are to help the coastal StateGovernments/Union Territories inrehabilitation of degraded Mangrove Areasand enhance Mangrove cover by replantationin the open mud flats etc. Financial Assistanceis given to coastal State Governments/UnionTerritories for implementation of ManagementAction Plan on Mangroves under the Scheme.100% assistance is given on grant basis toCoastal States/UTs for activities like Surveyand Demarcation, Afforestation, Restoration,Alternative/Supplementary Livelihoods,Protection Measures and Education &Awareness.

The mangrove plantation with anaverage, annual target of 3,000 hectares isundertaken on a country wide basis. Theareas supported are among the 38 areas asalready identified by MoEF for intensiveconservation. During 2010-11, financialassistance to the tune of Rs. 7.10 crores had

Fig-21. Mangroves, home to a variety of species, need conservation

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2been distributed among West Bengal, Orissa,Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala,Karnataka, Goa and Gujarat for Conservation& Management of Mangroves.

Mangroves for Future (MFF) - India'sInitiative:

- The project entitled "Mangroves for Future(MFF): a strategy for promoting investmentin Coastal Ecosystem Conservation" isbeing coordinated by the InternationalUnion for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)covering, initially, eight countries(including India) in South Asia, SouthEast Asia and Western Indian Ocean.The project involves collaborationbetween multiple partners, includinggovernment agencies, NGOs, ResearchInstitutes, UN agencies and othermultilateral bodies. To oversee and guidethe entire India country programme underIUCN-MFF (India) Programme as well asreview, monitor and evaluate itsimplementation, a National CoordinationBody (NCB) has been constituted by theMinistry.

- In 2011, the NCB (India) met twice toprovide guidance and advice on the

various ongoing initiatives of the MFF(India) programme. The 6th NCB meetingheld on the 10th of August 2011 alsoapproved eight new small grant projectsin India, five of these have beencontracted in 2011 and the remainingwill be rolled out in the first quarter of2012. (Table-8)

– The Regional Steering Committee (RSC)-8 was held in Male, Maldives during24th - 26th October 2011. India wasrepresented in this meeting by Dr. J. R.Bhatt, Member Secretary NCB (India)and Dr. N. M. Ishwar, MFF (India)National Coordinator. As suggested byIndia, the RSC approved the regionalcolloquium on sharing good practiceson Mangrove Restoration andRehabilitation to be held in India duringAugust 2012. In addition to this regionalevent, the RSC also supported India'ssubmission on three national level trainingevents that are being proposed in 2012.These include:– Scuba diving for researchers and

key frontline forestry staff– Taxonomy and long-term monitoring

of lesser known marine taxa

Table-7. State/UT-wise status of mangrove cover(Area in km2)

S. No.

State/UT

Assessment Year 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2009 2011 Change

w.r.t. 2009

1 Andhra Pradesh

495 405 399 378 383 383 397 333 329 354 353 352 -1

2 Goa 0 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 16 16 17 22 5 3 Gujarat 427 412 397 419 689 901 1031 911 916 991 1,046 1058 12

4 Karnataka 0 0 0 0 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 0 5 Kerala 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 5 5 6 1 6 Maharashtra 140 114 113 155 155 124 108 118 158 186 186 186 0

7 Orissa 199 192 195 195 195 211 215 219 203 217 221 222 1 8 Tamil Nadu 23 47 47 21 21 21 21 23 35 36 39 39 0 9 West Bengal 2,076 2,109 2,119 2,119 2,119 2,123 2,125 2,081 2,120 2,136 2,152 2155 3

10 A&N Islands 686 973 971 966 966 966 966 789 658 635 615 617 2 11 Daman&

Diu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1.56 0.56

12 Puducherry 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 Total 4,046 4,255 4,244 4,256 4,533 4,737 4,871 4,482 4,448 4,581 4,639 4662.56 23.56

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– Coastal zone management forenhancement of alternativelivelihood support for coastalcommunities

– The RSC also recognized and endorsedthe efforts made by NCB (India) andNCB (Sri Lanka) to develop a regionalproject in the Gulf of Mannar region.The RSC requested that a detailedproposal on this be prepared jointly andsubmitted for its initiation.

– MFF (India) has also published several

knowledge products on India's coastaland marine diversity. These include;– Children's book on Mangroves titled,

'Soldiers of our Coast'. (2010.IUCNIndia Office. ISBN 978-2-8317-1264-2)

– A Scientific publication onMangroves tit led 'TowardsConservation and Management ofMangrove Ecosystems in India'.(2010.IUCN India Office. ISBN978-2-8317-1264-2)

Partner Project Duration (in

months) MFF grant value (INR)

Current status

1 Action for the Protection

of Wild Animals (APOWA)

Community stewardship in conservation, restoration and sustainable management of

mangroves in Orissa

12 814,340 Commissioned

2 Suganthi Devadason

Marine Research Institute (SDMRI)

Seagrass resource survey and assessment in Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay, Southeastern

India

15 855,700 Commissioned

3 Wetlands International -

South Asia

Stakeholder led management planning for Vembanad Kol

backwaters, Kerala 12 880,000 Commissioned

4 Wildlife Trust of India

(WTI)

An assessment of the past and present dsitribution of the

Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) across the Indian Peninsula

13 834,900 Commissioned

5 World Wildlife Fund

(WWF)

Commercially important gastropod shell resources and

trade in India: Distribution, Status & Conservation

Strategies

18 794,200 Commissioned

6 Development

Alternatives (DA)

Mangrove conservation and management: enhancing

livelihood opportunities for mangrove dependent

communities in Bhitarkanika reserve forest

10 875,000 To be initiated during 2012

7 Bombay Natural History

Society (BNHS)

Ecological assessment and education for conservation of

mangrove community in Ratnagiri district, Maharashtra

18 868,500 To be initiated during 2012

8 Coastal Gujarat Power

Limited (CGPL, Tata Company)

Community based restoration, plantation and conservation of

mangroves in village Kantiyajal, Bharuch, Gujarat

15 880,000 To be initiated during 2012

Total Grant Amount (INR) 6,802,640

Table-8. Status of new small grant projects in India

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– A Scientific publication on Coralreefs titled 'Coral reefs in India -Status, Threats and ConservationMeasures' (in press).

– In addition to the above knowledgeproducts, the MFF (India) also initiatedthe production of a educational movie'Guardians of the Coast', in partnershipwith Mr. Mike Pandey (RiverbankStudios). The movie showcases thefascinating web of life that surroundsthese tidal forests, including the regulatoryand provisioning services they provideand the livelihoods of local communitiesthat depend on them. The movie presentsthe unique collaborative efforts ofgovernments, regional and localinstitutions, NGOs, local communitiesand international agencies in savingthese vulnerable ecosystems and restoringthem to their former glory. The movienow serves as an important knowledgeproduct and awareness generating toolat a regional level for MFF. This moviewas formally launched during RSC-8.

– A large grant project entitled 'AlternativeLivelihood Options for Vulnerablemangrove Resource Users in theSunderbans Biosphere Reserve, WestBengal was signed on 16th November,2011 by Ms. Aban Marker Kabraji,Regional Director, IUCN Asia and Mr.Suresh K. Das, Principal Secretary, ForestDepartment, Government of West Bengal.It will be implemented over two yearsand IUCN will pay to the SunderbansBiosphere Reserve a maximum of USD299,600.

Coral reefs

The four major coral reefs areas identifiedfor intensive conservation and managementare: i) Gulf of Mannar, ii) Gulf of Kachchh,iii) Lakshadweep and iv) Andaman andNicobar Islands. The emphasis is onpreventive aspects through monitoring and

surveillance as the restoration work is bothcostly and time consuming. The Ministryprovides financial assistance to the StateForest Departments of all the four identifiedcoral reefs areas in the country for activitieslike monitoring, surveillance, education &awareness. Besides, the Ministry also supportsR&D activities with emphasis on targetedresearch on coral biodiversity, its managementincluding various aspects of pollution in theseareas.

The Indian reef area is estimated to be2,375 km2 for encouraging targeted researchon both hard and soft corals in the country;the Ministry has established a National CoralReef Research Centre at Port Blair.

Monitoring mechanism

Two tier system at National and Statelevel are in operation for effective coordinationto implement the Scheme on Mangroves andCoral Reefs:

A. National level

– The National Committee on Mangrovesand Coral Reefs monitors theimplementation of the approvedManagement Action Plans of the CoastalStates & UTs.

– To supplement base line information onpriority areas of research, projects aresanctioned to Universities and researchinstitutes. A meeting of the Expert Group-B on 'Conservation & SustainableUtilization of Natural Resources:Mangroves & Coral Reefs' was held on23rd -24th March 2011. The Groupconsidered 48 projects andrecommended ten research projects inthe area of mangroves and coral reefs,which are being sanctioned by theMinistry.

B. State Level

– State level Steering Committee havebeen constituted under the Chairmanshipof Chief secretaries/Additional Chief

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secretaries/Principal Secretaries ofDepartment concerned having membersfrom subject matter departments/academicians/ stakeholders/representative from Central Governmentto discuss Management Action Plansand review conservation activitiesundertaken from time to time.

– Three Scientists (Mr. Rajendra Kumar,MoEF, Dr. Deepak A. Apte, BNHS, andDr. Richa Pandey, GEER Foundation)have been selected by the Ministry forPost Graduate programme on 'IntegratedCoastal Zone Management' at AsianInstitute of Technology, Bangkok,Thailand.

– Regional Training Course on ProjectCycle Management for 37 participantsfrom 10 countries under MFF Programmein November, 2010 was held at Chennai.

– 6th NCB meeting was under thechairmanship of Mr. M. F. Farooqui,Additional Secretary, MoEF on 11th

January, 2011 at IUCN India Office.Various decisions on the ongoing and

proposed projects and activities for 2011were discussed and agreed upon.

Biosphere ReservesIntroduction and Objective

Biosphere Reserves are areas of terrestrialand coastal ecosystems which areinternationally recognized within theframework of the Man and the Biosphere(MAB) programme of the UNESCO. TheseReserves are required to meet a minimal setof criteria and adhere to a minimal set ofconditions before being admitted to theWorld Network of Biosphere Reservesdesignated by the UNESCO. The world'smajor ecosystem types and landscapes arerepresented in this network, which is devotedto conserving biological diversity, promotingresearch and monitoring as well as seekingto provide models of sustainable developmentin the service of human kind with specialreference to the local communities whichmostly consist of traditional societies.

These Reserves are rich in biologicaland cultural diversity and encompass unique

features of exception-ally pristine nature.The goal is to facili-tate conservation ofthese representativelandscapes and theirimmense biologicaldiversity and culturalheritage, foster eco-nomic and humandevelopment which isculturally and ecologi-cally sustainable andto provide support forresearch, monitoring,education and infor-mation exchange. Thescheme is a pioneer-ing effort at pursuingthe increasingly diffi-cult yet urgent task ofFig-22. Coral formation, home to many species

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conserving ecological diversity under mount-ing pressures.

Activities undertaken

The programme was initiated in 1986and till date, 18 sites have been designatedas Biosphere Reserves (BRs) in different partsof the country. Some potential sites have alsobeen identified. The Ministry provides financialassistance to the concerned State/UTGovernments for conservation andmanagement of the designated BiosphereReserves. The Indian National Man andBiosphere (MAB) Committee constituted bythe MoEF is the apex body to oversee theprogramme, provide policy guidelines andreview the programme.

Out of the 18 Biosphere Reservesdesignated nationally, so far seven viz.,Nilgiri (Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka),Gulf of Mannar (Tamil Nadu), Sunderban(West Bengal), Nanda Devi, (Uttarakhand),Pachmarhi (Madhya Pradesh), Similipal(Orissa) and Nokrek (Meghalaya) havebeen included in the World Network ofBiosphere Reserves ofUNESCO. Thenominations in respectof Khangchendzonga(Sikkim) andAchanakmar-Amarkan-tak (Chhattisgarh &Madhya Pradesh)Biosphere Reserves areunder activeconsideration of theUNESCO for inclusionin the world Network.Revised nomination formin respect of GreatNicobar (Andaman &Nicobar Islands)Biosphere Reserve isgetting finalized. Effortsare on for gettingremaining Biosphere

Reserves included in the World Network ofBiosphere Reserves. Research anddevelopment projects are also supported inthese designated Reserves.

Progress/Achievements made duringthe year

Management Action Plans (MAPs)submitted by the concerned States/UT werescrutinized and sanctioned for implementationof approved items of activities.

Periodic Review 2011 Reports ofSunderban and Gulf of Mannar BRs whichhave completed ten years after its inclusionin the World Network of Biosphere Reservesof UNESCO are under updation to forwardthe same to the MAB Programme of theUNESCO, Paris. Based on the proposalsubmitted by the Government of MadhyaPradesh, the site Panna, covering an area of2998.98 Km2, has been designated asPanna Biosphere Reserve.

– List of Biosphere Reserves with date ofdesignation, area and location in theState(s)/UT is given in Table-10.

Fig-23. Common Crow (Euploea core), an indicator of biodiversity

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– Completed research projects during theperiod are at Annexure-IV

– Ongoing research projects during theperiod are at Annexure-III

Budget allocation for the Schemeduring the year and progress ofExpenditure

An amount of Rs.11.00 crores wasallocated and the expenditure incurred upto9th March, 2012 is Rs.1015.83 lakhs.

Implementing organizations alongwith details of responsibilities

Implementing organizations are theconcerned State(s)/UT Government ForestDepartments and other line Departments. Theapproved items of the activities by the CentralGovernment from the recommended items bythe State/UT Level Steering Committee chairedby Chief Secretary/ concerned PrincipalSecretary are being monitored by theirmonitoring Committee, the designated BRmanager and the Eco developmentCommittees/ JFM represented by the localcommunities.

Universities, Research Institutions, StateForest Research Institutions, Autonomousbodies are conducting research activities onthe sanctioned research projects in the BRareas and the periodic progress and review

reports are evaluatedby experts andevaluation of thecompleted researchprojects is carried outby the designatedcommittee.

B i o d i v e r s i t yConservation

To ensurecoordination amongvarious agenciesdealing with the issuesrelated to conservation

of biodiversity and to review, monitor andevolve adequate policy instruments for thesame. .

Progress/achievements during theyear

Convention on Biological Diversity

– The Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD), one of the key agreementsadopted during the Earth Summit held inRio de Janeiro in 1992, is the firstcomprehensive global agreement whichaddresses all aspects relating tobiodiversity. The CBD, which has nearuniversal membership with 193 countriesas its Parties, sets out commitments formaintaining the world's ecologicalunderpinnings, while pursuing economicdevelopment. The Convention, whilereaffirming sovereign rights of nationsover their biological resources,establishes three main goals: theconservation of biological diversity, thesustainable use of its components, andthe fair and equitable sharing of thebenefits arising out of the use of geneticresources. India is a signatory to theCBD, which reaffirms the sovereign rightsof the States over their BiologicalResources.

– Following the decision of the tenth

Table-9. Comparison of progress vis-a-vis thatachieved in previous year (in case of ongoing scheme)

S. No.

Activity 2010-11 2011-12 (as on 9th March, 2012)

1 Number of Management action plans sanctioned for implementation in the BRs

18 13

2 Completed research projects 10 2 3 Ongoing research projects 16 15 4 New BRs designated 1 1 5 Nomination sent to UNESCO for

inclusion in the World Network of BRs

2 --

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Table-10. List of Designated Biosphere Reserves

* Sites with bold letters have been included in the World Network of BRs of UNESCO.

S. No

Name of the BR & total geographical area (km2)

Date of designation

Location in the States /UT

1. Nilgiri (5520) 01.08.1986

Part of Wynad, Nagarhole, Bandipur and Madumalai, Nilambur, Silent Valley and Siruvani hills (Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka)

2. Nanda Devi (5860.69)

18.01.1988 Part of Chamoli, Pithoragarh & Almora Districts in Uttarakhand

3. Nokrek (820)

01.09.1988 Part of East, West and South Garo Hill districts in Meghalaya

4. Manas (2837)

14.03.1989 Part of Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbari, Kamprup and Darang districts in Assam.

5.

Sunderban (9630)

29.03.1989 Part of delta of Ganges & Brahamaputra river system in West Bengal.

6. Gulf of Mannar (10500)

18.02.1989

India part of Gulf of Mannar extending from Rameswaram island in the North to Kanyakumari in the South of Tamil Nadu.

7. Great Nicobar (885)

06.01.1989

Southern most island of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

8. Similipal (4374) 21.06.1994 Part of Mayurbhanj district in Orissa. 9. Dibru-Saikhowa

(765) 28.07.1997 Part of Dibrugarh and Tinsukia districts in Assam

10 Dehang Debang (5111.5)

02.09.1998 Part of Upper Siang, West Siang and Dibang Valley districts in Arunachal Pradesh.

11. Pachmarhi (4981.72)

03.03.1999 Part of Betul, Hoshangabad and Chhindwara districts in Madhya Pradesh.

12 Khangchendzonga ( 2619.92 )

07.02.2000 Part of North and West districts in Sikkim

13. Agasthyamalai (3500.36)

12.11.2001 Part of Thirunelveli and Kanyakumari districts in Tamil Nadu and Thiruvanthapuram, Kollam and Pathanmthitta districts in Kerala.

14. Achanakmar-Amarkantak (3835.51)

30.03.2005 Part of Anuppur and Dindori districts of Madhya Pradesh and Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh.

15. Kachchh (12,454)

29.01.2008 Part of Kachchh, Rajkot, Surendranagar and Patan districts in Gujarat.

16. Cold Desert (7770)

28.08.2009 Pin Valley National Park and surroundings; Chandratal & Sarchu; and Kibber Wildlife sanctuary in Himachal Pradesh.

17. Seshachalam (4755.997)

20.09.2010 Seshachalam hill ranges in Eastern Ghats encompassing part of Chittoor and Kadapa districts in Andhra Pradesh.

18. Panna (2998.98) 25.08.2011 Part of Pann and Chhattarpur districts in Madhya Pradesh

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Conference of the Parties (CoP-10) to theCBD held in Nagoya, Japan in October2010, accepting India's offer to host thenext CoP to the CBD, preparations fororganization of CoP-11 were initiated.Necessary clearances from political andsecurity angles were obtained from theMinistries of External Affairs and HomeAffairs, respectively. Adopting a tenderprocess, the venue of CoP-11 wasdecided as Hyderabad InternationalConvention Centre in Hyderabad. AnSFC memo for hosting CoP-11 wasprepared and after approval, thefinancial proposal was cleared by theCabinet. The process of selecting aProfessional Conference Organiser hasbeen initiated and is underway.

– For preparation of logo and slogan ofCoP-11, the services of National Instituteof Design, Ahmedabad werecommissioned. The logo along with theslogan of CoP-11 in Sanskrit 'PrakritiRakshati Rakshita' (Nature Protects ifShe is Protected) was released by theMinister for Environment & Forests duringhigh-level event, the NationalConsultation of Stakeholders on

Biodiversity, organized by theMinistry on 23rd May, 2011to launch the UN Decade forBiodiversity for the Asia &Pacific.– A multi-tier coordinationmechanism has beendeveloped for reviewing theprogress in preparation forCoP-11. A meeting of theNational Steering Committeeco-chaired by the ChiefMinister of Andhra Pradeshand the Minister forEnvironment & Forests washeld on 6th June, 2011, thenext meeting is scheduled tobe held in January 2012.

Meetings of National Working Groupco-chaired by the Chief Secretary,Government of Andhra Pradesh andSecretary (E&F) and an InterministerialSteering Committee chaired by Secretary(E&F) are held regularly. The Governmentof Andhra Pradesh has constituted aCoP Cell under the chairmanship ofAdditional Chief Secretary withrepresentation of all relevantDepartments.

- The Executive Secretary of CBDSecretariat visited the CoP-11 venue inOctober 2011, and met senior officersof the Ministry and Government ofAndhra Pradesh. This was followed bythe visit of UN Security and CBDConferencing teams in November 2011.

- Discussions are being held with variousstakeholders on CoP-11. An innovativemeans to create mass awareness onbiodiversity, the Science ExpressBiodiversity Special team is beingdeveloped as a collaborative effortsbetween Department of Science &Technology and this Ministry.

– As per the past practice, as a part ofCoP-11, India will also host a high level

Fig-24. Glassy Tiger (Parantica aglea)

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segment of CoP-11 on the last three daysfrom 17-19 October 2012. India hasidentified the following five themes fordiscussion in the high level segment:– Biodiversity and livelihoods– Integration of value of biodiversity

in national planning and accountingprocess

– Strategy for resource mobilization– Coastal and marine biodiversity– Operationalisation of Nagoya

Protocol– Invitations have been sent from the

Minister for Environment & Foreststo Environment Ministers of allcountries for the high level segment.The Prime Minister of India hasbeen requested to inaugurate thehigh level segment.

– As incoming President of CoP-11, Indiais also hosting some importantpreparatory intersessional meetings, theoutcomes of which will feed into CoP-11.These include:– Subregional workshop for capacity

building on Protected Areas held atWildlife Institute of India, Dehradunfrom 6-10 December 2011

– Second Subregional workshop onupdating National BiodiversityStrategies and Action Plans held atWildlife Institute of India - Dehradunfrom 6-10 December 2011.

– Subregional capacity buildingworkshop on Clearing HouseMechanism held at Forest Survey ofIndia, Dehradun from 12-16December 2011

– Expert Group meeting onbiodiversity for poverty eradicationand development held at ForestResearch Institute, Dehradun from12-14 December 2011

– In addition to the above, the Secondmeeting of Intergovernmental Committee

on Nagoya Protocol (ICNP-2) is beinghosted by India in New Delhi from 7-13April, 2012. It is also proposed toorganize capacity building workshopson ABS for African and ASEAN regions.

– On the sidelines of CoP-11, a numberof parallel events would be held, suchas side events, interactive fair andexhibition, International Youth Forum,Cities and Biodiversity Summit, Businessand Biodiversity meet etc.

– CoP-11 is expected to be the largestsuch conference to be held in the country,with participation of thousands ofdelegates from all countries of the world,including Heads of State / Governments,Ministers / Vice-Ministers, seniorGovernment officials, heads and seniorofficers of UN and multilateral agencies,private sector, academia, civil societyorganizations etc.

– India, a recognized megadiverse country,has developed a strong legal and policyframework on biodiversity, and isrecognized globally as a pioneer andtrendsettler in biodiversity issues. Hostingof CoP-11 provides an opportunity toaugment and showcase India's strengthson biodiversity, thereby facilitating theprocess of India emerging as a leadingvoice in biodiversity conservation whiledefining and driving the global agendain the coming years.

– Subsequent to the adoption of the NagoyaProtocol on Access and Benefit Sharingat CoP-10 under the aegis of CBD, actionwas initiated for signing of the NagoyaProtocol. A draft note for the Cabinetwas prepared, circulated to the concernedMinistries / Departments, and uponcompletion of interministerial consultations,submitted to the Cabinet. After Cabinet'sapproval, the Nagoya Protocol wassigned by India on 11th May, 2011.Thereafter, action has been initiated forratification of this Protocol. Interministerial

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consultations on the draft Cabinet noteprepared for this purpose are underway.Parallely, consultations are also beingheld with the experts to examine theprovisions of the Nagoya Protocol vis-à-vis the Biological Diversity Act.

– In pursuance of various decisions ofCoP-10 to the CBD, India has beenresponding to various notificationsbeing received from the CBDSecretariat, inter alia by makingsubmissions, and nominating expertsfor various expert meetings. India hasalso initiated action in accordancewith the CoP-10 decisions on some ofthe issues such as setting of nationaltargets, and updating of India'sNational Biodiversity Action Plan inline with the Strategic Plan onBiodiversity. During the year, actionwas also initiated for a national studyon the lines of the global study on TheEconomics of Ecosystems andBiodiversity (TEEB). Towards this, atwo-day expert consultation workshopon India TEEB was organized by theMinistry at the Indian Institute of ForestManagement, Bhopal on 15 and 16September 2011.

– During the year, Indian delegationsparticipated in important meetingsorganized by the CBD. These included:– Asia Regional workshop on

biodiversity and finance in supportof Nagoya outcomes held in Da LatCity, Vietnam on 8th April, 2001

– Expert meeting on modalities ofoperation of ABS Clearing Househeld in Montreal from 11-14 April2011

– Subregional workshop on updatingof National Biodiversity Strategyand Action Plan held in Xian, Chinafrom 9-16 May, 2011

– First meeting of IntergovernmentalCommittee on Nagoya Protocol

(ICNP-1) held in Montreal from 6-10 June 2011

– Meeting of CoP Presidencies held inGeneva on 3rd September, 2011

– Seventh meeting of Working Groupon Article 8j, and fifteenth meetingof SBSTTA held in Montreal from31st October -4th November and 7-11 November, 2011

– Subregional workshop for capacitybuilding on Protected Areas held atWildlife Institute of India, Dehradunfrom 6-10 December 2011

– Second Subregional workshop onupdating National BiodiversityStrategies and Action Plans held atWildlife Institute of India - Dehradunfrom 6-10 December 2011.

– Subregional capacity buildingworkshop on Clearing HouseMechanism held at Forest Survey ofIndia, Dehradun from 12-16December 2011

– Expert Group meeting onbiodiversity for poverty eradicationand development held at ForestResearch Institute, Dehradun from12-14 December 2011

– Some other CBD meetings in which Indiais likely to participate during the yearinclude: Expert meeting on compliancewith Nagoya Protocol to be held atMontreal from 28th February to 1st March2012; Dialogue seminar on scaling upfinance for biodiversity to be held atQuito, Ecuador from 6-9 March 2012;and Global workshop on nationalexperiences in implementing StrategicPlan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 to beheld at Brasilia from 12-14 March 2012.

– India, as the incoming Presidency ofCoP-11 is an Observer on CoP Bureau,and attends its meetings. India has alsobeen selected as one of the two countriesto represent the Asia Pacific region on

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the Bureau of ICNP.

Biological Diversity Act, 2002

– Taking cognizance of the InternationalConvention on Biodiversity (CBD), andto address the excessive pressure onbiodiversity, the Government of Indiahas enacted Biological Diversity Act,2002 (BDA 2002). Accordingly, thenational, state and local level mechanismshave been provided for implementationof the Act. At the national level, NationalBiodiversity Authority (NBA) has beenestablished by Government of India inOctober, 2003 at Chennai (Tamil Nadu)under Section (8) of the BiologicalDiversity Act. The State BiodiversityBoards (SBB) have been established bythe State Governments and BiodiversityManagement Committees (BMC)constituted by the local bodies.

– The NBA is a body corporate establishedin accordance with the provisions ofSec.8 of the Biological Diversity Act,2002, at Chennai w.e.f. 1st October2003. It is an autonomous, statutory andregulatory organization which is intendedto implement the provisions of BiologicalDiversity Act, 2002.

– Twenty-five Stateshave so far set up theState BiodiversityBoards (SBBs). Thematter is beingpursued with Bihar,Maharashtra andJammu & Kashmirwhich have yet to setup SBBs. Fourteenstates viz. ArunachalPradesh, AndhraPradesh, Gujarat,R a j a s t h a n ,Karnataka, Kerala,Madhya Pradesh,Manipur, Sikkim,

West Bengal, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh,Maharashtra and Assam have notified thestate specific rules in accordance with theSection 63(1) of the Act.

– So far, over 31000 BMCs have beenconstituted by the local bodies in 14 states(Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh,Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal,Kerala, Goa, Nagaland, Manipur, UttarPradesh, Gujarat, Punjab, Mizoram andTripura) and 932 PBRs have beendocumented in eight states (AndhraPradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala,Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Uttarakhandand West Bengal), of which 189 PBRshave been prepared during the year.

– During the year, four meetings of theAuthority were held on 04th May, 2011,20th June, 2011, 09th August, 2011 and22nd November, 2011, and importantdecisions were taken on different matters.Forty four applications were receivedand are at various stages of processingduring the period.

– The process of selection of the newChairman of NBA was completed, andDr Pisupati Balakrishna joined asChairman, NBA on 12th August, 2011.

Fig-25. Lemon Pansy, (Junonia lemonias)

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– Some of the important actions taken upduring the year to implement variousprovisions of the Act include the following:– In pursuance of Section 38 of the

Act relating to notification ofthreatened species, the Ministry hasnotified species which are on theverge of extinction for three States,namely, Bihar, Tamil Nadu andTripura, during the year, taking thenumber of States to 14.

– In accordance with Section 37relating of notification of BiodiversityHeritage Sites during the year, theGovernment of Karnataka hasnotified three more such sites atHogrekan, University of AgriculturalSciences, GKVK campus, andAmbargudda.

– NBA and MoEF organized a discussionmeeting with various stakeholders atChennai on 18th October, 2011 todiscuss the agenda and country positionfor CBD meetings on 8j Working Groupand SBSTTA-15.

– NBA conducted an expert meeting onNagoya Protocol and its relevance to

Biological Diversity Act, inthe context of ratifying theNagoya Protocol in NewDelhi on 26th November,2011.– A meeting of the StateBiodiversity Boards held atChennai in January 2012.– A UNEP/GEF project onStrengthening theimplementation of BiologicalDiversity Act to beimplemented by MoEFthrough NBA was launchedon 23rd August, 2011 atChennai. The project wouldbe implemented in five States(Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat,

Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim and WestBengal). State level launches of theproject were held in Andhra Pradeshand West Bengal in November andDecember 2011, respectively.

– Work was continued under the UNDPproject on Strengthening the institutionalstructures to implement the Act in MadhyaPradesh and Jharkhand.

– Work was also continued for developinga full scale project on established of aCentre for Biodiversity Policy and Law(CEBPOL) at NBA, Chennai, withtechnical support from Norway.

– NBA sponsored and supported activitiesof the SBBs to celebrate the InternationalBiodiversity Day on 22nd May, 2011.

Biodiversity Scheme / GeneticEngineering Approval Committee(GEAC)Introduction and objectives

The Ministry of Environment and Forests(MoEF), under the Environment (Protection)Act 1986, has notified the "Rules for theManufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storageof Hazardous Microorganisms/Genetically

Fig-26. An agamid lizard (Calotes maria) - Found only in Lengteng WildlifeSanctuary (Mizoram) and Meghalaya.

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Engineered Organisms or Cells 1989" (knownas Rules, 1989) with a view ensure soundapplication of biotechnology making itpossible to accrue benefits arising frommodern biotechnology while minimizing therisks to environment and human health.

The rules also cover the application ofhazardous microorganisms which may notbe genetically modified. Hazardousmicroorganisms include those which arepathogenic to animals as well as plants.

The Genetic Engineering AppraisalCommittee, the apex body under the Rules,1989 has the mandate to accord approvalof activities involving (i) large scale use ofgenetically modified organisms (GMOs) inresearch and (ii) environmental release ofGMOs. Eight meetings of the GEAC havebeen held from April, 2011 till December2011.

The overall objectives of the programis to ensure that research and developmentand testing of LMOs prior to environmentalrelease are conducted in a safe and scientificmanner through appropriate implementationof Rule 1989 and biosafety guidelines notifiedtherein;

Progress/Achievements made duringthe year

Commercial Release of transgenicCrops

Bt cotton hybrids expressing Cry 1 Acgene (MON 531 event) and stacked genesCry1 Ac and Cry 2Ab (MON 15985 event)-BG-II developed by M/s Mahyco; encodingfusion genes (cry 1Ab+Cry Ac) 'GFMdeveloped by M/s Nath Seeds; cry 1Acgene (Event-1) developed by M/s J. K. AgriGenetics Ltd; Cry 1Ac gene (Dharwad event)developed by Central Institute of CottonResearch (CICR); and Cry 1C (event 9124)developed by M/s Metahelix Life Sciencesare currently under commercial cultivation inIndia.

During Kharif 2011, the StandingCommittee constituted by the GEAC underthe 'Event Based approval Mechanism' hasrecommended 106 Bt cotton hybrids forcommercial cultivation.

Status of approval of other GM cropsin India

– The biosafety data submitted by M/sDow Agro-sciences India Pvt. Ltd forenvironmental release of two transgenic'Widestrike' cotton hybrids namely; WS103 and WS 106 expressing Cry 1Acand Cry 1F genes (Event 281-24-236)in South Zone is under review by theGEAC.

– BG-II RRF cotton expressing cry-I Ac andCry-2 Ab and CP-4 EPS (event MON15985 X MON 88913) developed byM/s Mahyco and transgenic cornexpressing cry2Ab2, cry1A 105 (EventMON 89034) & CP4EPSPS (EventNK603) by M/s Monsanto India Ltdhave entered Biosafety Research Level-II trials with the approval of GEAC.

– In addition, other GM crops such corn,rice, tomato, potato, castor, rubber,cotton, brinjal, mustard, groundnut,sorghum, okra, wheat, watermelon,papaya, sugarcane, banana and pigeonpea have been approved by the GEACfor field testing to identify suitableevents and generation of biosafety data.However, in view of objections raised bysome State Governments, the applicantshave been directed to obtain NOC fromthe State Governments where the trialsare to be conducted before issuance ofthe approval letter. In view of this newrequirement, currently field testing ofonly cotton, mustard and corn havebeen initiated.

– As a follow-up to the moratorium on Btbrinjal, the Ministry has received severalreports from both nation and internationalexperts on the merits and demerits of

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GM crops in general and Bt brinjal inparticular. A meeting of the GEAC toconsult with experts and scientists onthe safety of Bt. Brinjal was held onApril, 27, 2011. Several of theExperts recommended "Limited releaseof Bt seeds to identified farmers understrict expert supervision should beundertaken to evaluate its performancein public space. In the interim periodadditional studies may be prescribed".But some experts wanted additionalstudies to be done before release. Inthe absence of consensus, the GEAChas decided to have further consultationwith experts on the suggestions foradditional studies.

Streamlining of the BiosafetyRegulatory Procedure under Rules,1989.

– The Gazette Notification exempting GMprocessed food and products thereoffrom the purview of Rules, 1989 issuedon 15th October, 2007 has been keptin abeyance till 30th September, 2012

– Review of the existing national regulatorybiosafety framework with a view toharmonize the obligations underCartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB)is in progress.

– Draft guidance document for information/data generation and documentation forsafety assessment of GE Plants duringbiosafety research level trials -I (BRL-I)and biosafety research level trials -II(BRL-II) has been prepared and isawaiting GEAC approval.

– Development of new GEAC website andbackend biosafety database tooperationalize the new biosafety websiteis in progress.

– Biological documents for Cotton, Brinjal,Okra, Maize and Rice have beenpublished.

– Study on "Monitoring the developmentof insect resistance to Bt gene in cottoncrop" by CICR is in progress.

– South-Asia Conference on CurrentApproaches to the Environmental RiskAssessment (ERA) of GeneticallyEngineered Crops was held on 16-18th

May, 2011 at New Delhi.– To enhance awareness on biosafety

regulation and associated activities atthe domestic and international level, theMinistry has introduced electronic'Biosafety Newsletter'. So far threeissues have been introduced andcirculated across 4000 stakeholders.The online version is available on theGEAC website (http://moef.nic.in/divisions/csurv/geac/information.html).

Regulatory Acts/Rules governing theprogramme and promulgation of newacts, if any, along with the details

Under the Environment (Protection) Act,1986, the Rules for Manufacture, Use/Import/Export & Storage Of Hazardous MicroOrganisms/ Genetically EngineeredOrganisms or Cells, 1989 were notified byMoEF through Notification No. 621 in OfficialGazette of Govt. of India on December 5,1989.

The implementation of Rules 1989 isbeing administered by the Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests (MoEF) andDepartment of Biotechnology (DBT). Theserules define the competent authorities andcomposition of such authorities for handlingof various aspects of the rules. Presently thereare six Competent Authorities i.e. TheRecombinant DNA Advisory Committee(RDAC), Institutional Biosafety Committee(IBSC), Review Committee on GeneticManipulation (RCGM), Genetic EngineeringApproval Committee (GEAC), StateBiotechnology Coordination Committee(SBCC), District Level Committee (DLC). WhileRDAC has an advisory role, IBSC, RCGM

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and GEAC are involved in regulations andSBCCs and DLCs are involved in monitoring.

Implementing organizations alongwith details of responsibilities

Rules 1989 is implemented by MoEF,Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministryof Science and Technology. MoEF is primarilyresponsible for conservation and protection ofenvironment, ensuring environmental andhuman health safety before release ofgenetically modified organisms (GMOs) andproducts thereof. The mandate of the DBT isto promote biotechnology, provide services inareas of research, infrastructure, generation ofhuman resource and formulation of guidelinesand protocols for safety assessment of GMOs.

Under the Rule, approval for researchand Biosafety Regulation Level-I (BRL-I)confined field trial of transgenic plants arebeing regulated by RCGM, administered byDepartment of Biotechnology (DBT). Whereas,BRL-II trial and environmental release oftransgenic crops are appraised and approvedby GEAC administered by MoEF.

Biodiversity Scheme/ CartagenaBiosafety ProtocolObjective

The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety,the first international regulatory frameworkfor safe transfer, handling and use of livingModified Organisms (LMOs) was negotiatedunder the aegis of the Convention onBiological Diversity (CBD). The Protocol wasadopted on 29th January 2000. India hasacceded to the Biosafety Protocol on 17th

January 2003. The Protocol has come intoforce on 11th September 2003. As of date162 countries are Party to the CPB. Fivemeetings of the Conference of Parties servingas Members of the Parties to the CartagenaProtocol (COP-MOP) on Biosafety have beenheld so far. The Sixth meeting of COP-MOPis being hosted by India at Hyderabad from1st-5th October, 2012.

The main objective of the Protocol is tocontribute to ensuring an adequate level ofprotection in the field of the safe transfer,handling and use of LMOs resulting frommodern biotechnology that may have adverseeffect on the conservation and sustainableuse biological diversity, taking into accountrisk to human health.

Progress/achievements made duringthe year

– India became a signatory to the recentlyadopted 'Nagoya-Kuala LumpurSupplementary Protocol on Liability andRedress under Cartagena Protocol onBiosafety' on 11th October 2011,subsequent to the cabinet approval. Asof date 36 countries are signatory to theSupplementary Protocol. Only onecountry Latvia has ratified theSupplementary Protocol

– The process of ratification has beeninitiated by the Ministry for which astudy has been commissioned to probethe legal implication of ratification of theSupplementary Protocol by India.

– The Second National Report onimplementation of CPB by India has beensubmitted. The report was prepared andvalidated through a series of consultationmeetings with experts and stakeholdersorganized by the Ministry.

Preparation for sixth meeting ofConference of Parties serving asMeeting of Parties (COP-MOP-6) toProtocol being held in October 2012in India

– Three preparatory Regional Workshopsfor COP-MOP-6 were successfullyorganized under the aegis of Conventionon Biological Diversity in Delhi. Theseinclude:– Workshop on Capacity-Building for

Research and Information Exchangeon Socio-Economic Impacts of Living

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Modified Organisms underCartagena Protocol on Biosafety,14-16th November 2011

– Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop onthe Nagoya-Kuala LumpurSupplementary Protocol on Liabilityand Redress to the CartagenaProtocol on Biosafety, 17-18th

November 2011– Asia Sub-Regional Training of

Trainers' Workshop on theIdentification and Documentation ofLiving Modified Organisms, 21-25th

November 2011

Capacity Building

The Ministry has received GEF approvalto the 'Full Scale Project' (FSP) document forUNEP-GEF Externally Aided Project oncapacity building in biosafety. The processfor setting up of Project Coordination andMonitoring Unit has been initiated. Projectinception workshop is tentatively scheduledin March, 2012.

To enhance awareness among variousstakeholders; three training workshops onuse of Biosafety Clearing House (BCH) as atool for providing information on LMOs wasorganised with GEF-UNEP assistance.

All India Coordinated Project onCapacity Building in Taxonomy(AICOPTAX)

Taxonomy occupies the position of amother science in biology as it deals with theclassification of all living and extinctorganisms. Therefore, it is a key science tohelp ensure sustainable utilization,conservation of biological resources andimplementation of the Convention onBiological Diversity (CBD). There is an overalldecline in expertise in the taxonomy ofseveral groups of living organisms. Moreover,the existing taxonomic base is eroding rapidlydue to non-availability of professionals andlack of trained man-power to replace the

retiring specialists. In other words, a widegap exists between the magnitude oftaxonomic expertise needed and the availablelimited taxonomic knowledge base. Further,many microbes, plants and animals are yetto be discovered and identified. To managethe biological resources and to meet thechallenges of 21st century, the issue of'taxonomic impediments' needs to beaddressed urgently.

For devising effective conservation andmanagement strategies, one needs to know:(i) what kind of species are found, (ii) wherethey occur, (iii) what are their characteristicsor attributes, and (iv) how they are relatedto one another. These questions can beanswered only by specialists. Besides thebasic inputs needed for understandingbiodiversity, the taxonomic studies also resultin weaving the data obtained on the speciesinto a system of classification which is usedby the scientists and others.

Taxonomy is also central to and anintegral part of the conservation andsustainable utilization of biological diversity.It is this aspect that led the Convention onBiological Diversity (CBD) to emphasize therole of taxonomy in its implementation at thenational, regional and global level. As asignatory to the CBD, India stands committedto capacity building in taxonomy and toundertake exploration and preparation of aninventory of living organisms. So far around91,000 species of animals and 45,500species of plants have been identified anddescribed but a large number of animals andplants are yet to be explored, identified anddescribed. India started building capacity inTaxonomy much before the Global TaxonomicInitiative (GTI) coming into existence, throughoverall strengthening of Botanical andZoological surveys, as well as, in 1999launching a dedicated All India CoordinatedProject on Capacity Building in Taxonomy(AICOPTAX) by the Ministry.

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The AICOPTAX has a sole mission -"Enhancement of country's capabilities forinventorying, monitoring, conserving andutilizing biodiversity as well as for establishingleadership in the field of taxonomy at regionaland global levels". AICOPTAX, an activeprogramme channelized at the national levelto address the problems of inadequatetaxonomic knowledge due to limited numberof taxonomists available in the country, isfully funded by the MoEF. It has the followingmain objectives:

– Survey, collection, identification andpreservation of elements of biodiversityof the country with emphasis on protectedareas.

– Training research fellows and collegeteachers by building capacity in the fieldof taxonomy.

– Maintain collections and taxonomic databanks.

– Develop identification manuals.– Generate information needed for decision

making in conservation and sustainableuse of biological diversity.

– Integration of taxonomic capacity intothe national reporting process.

– Enhance local and regional capacity intaxonomy.To start with, 30 thematic areas were

chosen for investigation under the AICOPTAX.These were:

1. Plant viruses2. Animal viruses3. Pathogenic bacteria4. Non-pathogenic bacteria5. Pathogenic fungi6. Non-pathogenic fungi7. Fresh water phytoplankton/

Algae(including blue green algae)8. Fresh water zooplankton (including

euglenoids/ciliates/rhizopods)9. Lichens10. Bryophytes

11. Orchids12. Palms13. Grasses and bamboos14. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms15. Research in plant biosystematics

and advanced training in taxonomy16. Helminthes and Nematodes17. Crustacea18. Mollusca19. Insects: coleoptera20. Insects: hymenoptera21. Insects: blateria and tettigonids24. Insects: miscellaneous order25. Arachnida26. Oomycetes and cellular slime moulds27. Protozoa and sporozoa28. Annelida29. Meiofauna30. Research in animal biosystematics

and advanced training in taxonomyOf the aforesaid 30 thematic areas, only

15 could be implemented so far. The workof the thematic areas of AICOPTAX wasassigned to 15 coordinators along with 61collaborators. The coordinators also overseeand monitor the activities for achieving theaims and objectives outlined in the thematicareas.

The remaining 15 thematic areas are inthe process of being taken up for investigationunder AICOPTAX in phased manner.

The Ministry, with the technical supportfrom BSI & ZSI, has brought out a ProgrammeBrief on Taxonomy Capacity Building: IndianInitiative (based on outcome of researchwork done under 76 projects between 1999-2007 embodying 570 species new toscience), as a showcase document byGovernment of India during the 10th

Conference of Parties to the Convention onBiological Diversity held in October, 2010 atNagoya, Japan.

The Steering Committee for theAICOPTAX Scheme has been extended until03rd July, 2013 along with the continuation

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of a Project Monitoring Unit (PMU). A meetingof the Steering Committee was held on 13th

February, 2009 during which the entirescheme was reviewed and following five newthematic areas have been proposed forimplementation:– Crustacea– Coleoptera– Hymenoptera– Arachnidae– Floristic and Faunistic Surveys of North

Eastern Region of the CountryAccordingly, three projects have been

conceived under the thematic area Crustacea;six projects under Coleoptera; six projectsunder Hymenoptera; four projects underArachnidae; fourteen projects under FloristicSurveys of North Eastern Region and oneproject under Faunistic Survey in the NorthEast Region of the country. These are beingprocessed in consultation with IntegratedFinance Division of the Ministry for sanctionand release of funds during the currentfinancial year.

GOI-UNDP CCF-II project "BiodiversityConservation through Communitybased Natural ResourceManagement"

The project envisages to encouragecommunities to take responsibility formanaging their Natural resources andrecognize use of traditional and communityknowledge to secure biodiversity-basedlivelihoods. The project envisages to facilitatethe process of making the national and state-level policies and programmes moreresponsive to linkages between sustainablerural livelihoods and biodiversity conservationand to enhance the capacity of communitiesand institutions of decentralized governance.

The project is being implemented in fourstates namely Arunachal Pradesh,Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and Orissa. Theproject started in September 2008 for a

duration of three years and was subsequentlyfurther extended till 31st December, 2012.A total sum of approx Rs. 13.50 Crores (US$3 Million) is allocated under the project.These four states have large stretches of forestthat are controlled and managed by thecommunities and development of alternativesources of income assumes importance as thecommunities depend mainly on the naturalresources for their livelihoods.

The project aims to focus on componentslike conservation of species and habitatsthrough community-based management;Ecological restoration; gender equity andresource rights over common pool resources;Revitalization of indigenous knowledge,equitable customary laws and practices andethical values recognizing socio-economicand gender differences; Nurturing existingas well as new self-governing communityinstitutions following principles of participatorydecision-making, gender and social equity.Keeping these issues in background, theproject envisages with following objectives-

– To facilitate the process of making theNational and state-level policies andprogrammes more responsive to linkagesbetween sustainable rural livelihood

– To enhance the capacity of communitiesand institutions of decentralizedgovernance for integrating sustainablebiodiversity based livelihoods throughparticipatory micro planning, whileensuring equity, transparency andaccountability.

Comparison of progress vis-a-vis thatachieved in previous year

In the current year the in-situ conservationis being carrying out in more than 23,000ha area, 3 new nurseries including 1 highaltitude established and more than 15 skillstrengthening and capacity buildingprogrammes organized in all four states.Fourteen NTFP and agro-forestry based micro-enterprises established during previous year

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are also being supported andmaintained during current year.

Progress/Achievementsmade during the year

The details of state-wisephysical progress made duringthe period are as follows:

Arunachal Pradesh

– The dependence of thelocal tribal population onforest for fuel and fire-wood reduced throughLPG distribution to 120users. A large number ofAwareness programmesconducted thoughcelebration of differentenvironment related days (Biodiversityday, earth day, ozone day etc.) involvingschool children, members of BMCs &NGOs Govt. officials and localcommunities.

– Twenty two Biodiversity ManagementCommittees (BMCs), a Locally electedcommunity institution for village levelbiodiversity management strengthenedin project villages. These BMCs wererecognized by the State BiodiversityBoard for future assistance and legalsupport.

– The in-situ and ex-situ conservation ofBiodiversity is being done throughvarious forestry related activities inabout 5000 ha by bringing the areaunder community conserve Area (CCA)and scared groves. Six Nurseries (Twohigh altitude nursery) developed forraising medicinal, aromatic andhorticulture Plants. The guidelines isbeing prepared on 'Home stayOperators under eco-tourism' and'Management of CCAs' as inputs forState level policy frame work inArunachal Pradesh.

Odisha

– The in-situ and ex-situ conservation ofbiodiversity completed throughsilvicultural operations in 150 ha andconservation of Cane (Calamus spp) inabout 100 ha in Khurda; fire lineoperations in 100 and 250 ha inBerhampur and Sambhalpur respectively.

– Sixteen awareness progrmmesconducted though celebration of variousenvironment related days (ForestryWeek, Biodiversity day, Water dayetc.) Involving tribal school children,members of village conservationcommittees (VCCs) , NGOs, Govt.officials and local communities in allsites. More than 100 village levelmeeting and consultation wereorganized in all three sites. HumanHealth camps and livestock health camps(1 No. each) organized in all threesites. Vocational training onStrengthening of farmers club, seedpurification and incense stick makingcompleted in Sambhalpur. ThreeExposure visits were organized formembers of VCCs and villagers forcross learning experiences.

Fig-27. Hot Water Spring, Golaghat, Assam

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– Additional livelihood support to localcommunities were provided throughstrengthening of Tailoring enterprise inKhurda; distribution of Agricultureimplements, HYV seeds, fertilizerinsecticide and pump sets to farmersalong with Construction of warehouseand drying yard at Sambhalpur,installation of Rice puff machine,introduction of about 1.2 lakhs offingerlings of two local variety of fish andconstruction of Four country boats &Two thatched sheds in Berhampur site.

Chhattisgarh

– The in-situ and ex-situ conservation ofBiodiversity completed through variousforestry related operations in about19,000 ha. Resource survey, ethno-botanical survey and documentation offlora of herbal health value and ITKCompleted and activities related toestablishment of Seed bank/grain bankhas been started in all 3 sites.Nineteen water holes constructed forwildlife in project sites sites.

– Awareness programmes conductedthough celebration of variousenvironment related days throughstreet palys, slogan writing etc. andalso on organic certification involvingtribal school children, members ofSHGs and cooperative federation &NGO's Govt. officials and localcommunities in all sites. Nine Self HelpGroups (SHGs) driven micro-enterprisesmainly based on NTFPs and forestryrelated activities were supported in allthree sites.

– Three Herbal Health care (VanAusdhalaya) were strengthened,functioning well in all three sites withactive participation of local vaidhyas.The certification process of Giloe(Tinospora cordifolia) started inJagdalpur. A Three days training

programe was organized at jagdalpurfor Traditional Healers (Local Vaidhyas)with the help of AYUSH.

Jharkhand

– The in-situ and ex-situ conservation ofBiodiversity completed through revivaland maintenance agro- forestryplantation in 82 acre in Palajore and12 acre in Khunti site; developmentof sacred grove in 12 acre; ANRplantation in 21 ha; plantation of Fuelwood & Fodder spp in 144 ha at Triku,8 acre in palamau site and 28 acre inBokaro site and development of 60 BARImodel multitier systems of food andfodder. People's Biodiversity Register(PBR) completed in 40 project villages .

– More than 40 village level meeting and22 local level stakeholder meeting wereorganized. 248 farmers were trainedon SRI technique of paddy & appliedin 86 acre at Trikut site. A total of 114families have been supported throughalternate livelihood support activitiesincluding vegetables & Lac cultivation,cattle rearing, grocery etc, and out ofthese 56 families have repaid theirseed money. Two lift irrigation unitscompleted at Bokaro and Palamau sitebenefiting 44 acre s and 40 acres ofland respectively. One 16 bedded andtwo 14 bedded vermin-compost unitconstructed at Palamau and Tirkut siterespectively. Land and soil conservationcompleted through excavation of sevenponds, creation of Forty One waterharvesting structure (WHS) at Trikut siteand construction of three check dams.

Budget Allocation

A total sum of approx Rs. 13.50 crores(USD 3 Million@ Rs. 45/USD) is availableunder the project. A grant of Rs. 943 lakhshave been released till 31st December, 2011to four identified implementing agencies asper details given in Table-11.

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2Implementing organization along withdetails of responsibilities

The MoEF is the implementing agency ofthe project. At National level, a NationalSteering Committee (NSC) Under thechairmanship of Additional Secretary(Conservation) and an Empowered ProjectSteering Committee (EPSC) under theChairmanship of Joint Secretary(Conservation) have been constituted foroverall coordination and implementation ofthe project. A National Project Director (NPD),has been designated and a ProjectManagement Unit (PMU), has beenestablished at MOEF for administrative supportto the Project. The NSC lay down theguidelines for the project implementation andalso reviews the progress periodically. TheEPSC approves the Annual work plan andexpenditure as per approved budget andalso provides the feedback for review theprogress by NSC. The details of the statelevel coordinating agencies in four identifiedstates are given in the Table 11.

Assistance to Botanic Gardens

The scheme on Assistance to BotanicGardens, Botanic sections in popular gardens

and Centers of Ex-Situ Conservation of rare,endangered, threatened and endemic plantswas initiated in 1992. One time financialassistance is provided to identified BotanicGardens and Centres of Ex-situ Conservationfor improvement of their infrastructural facilitiesto facilitate ex-situ conservation of rareendangered, threatened endemic plants.

Under the scheme, 268 projects havebeen supported so far to various organizationsmaintaining botanic gardens and Centres ofex-situ conservation. This is gradually helpingin facilitating ex-situ conservation of rareendemic plants. A detailed guideline hasbeen issued for guidance of proponents.

The Ministry has reconstituted the ExpertGroup on the scheme in January, 2012. TheExpert Group identifies and recommendsproposals received for financial assistanceunder the scheme and also monitors andreviews progress of the sanctioned projects.The Botanical Survey of India also helps infield evaluation of these projects through itsregional centres. During the year, 4 (four)projects have been approved for funding.Based on the criteria prescribed in theguidelines, 'Lead Gardens' are beingdeveloped in different phyto-geographic zones

Table-11. Budget allocation under the project

State Coordinating Agency Amount sanctioned for three years duration of the project

Amount released till 31st Dec, 2010

Arunachal Pradesh

G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment & Development, N-E Unit, Itanagar

252.89 231.54

Jharkhand Institute of Forest Productivity, Ranchi

250.00 227.02

Orissa Regional Plant Resource Centre, Bhubaneshwar

250.00 246.14

Chhattisgarh State Minor Forest Produce (T & D) Coop. Federation , Raipur

250.00 238.70

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of the country to provide necessary expertisefor smaller gardens. A list of Lead Gardensalong with their status is given in Table-12.These gardens are expected to be equippedwith modern facilities to enable them toperform their responsibilities.

Four gardens were supported during theyear 2011-12 under the scheme as follows:-

– Institute of Forest Productivity (IFP), Ranchi,Jharkhand - Lead Garden

– Social Forestry Division, ForestDepartment, Raibareli, U.P.

– Swami Keshwanand RajasthanAgricultural University, Bikaner,Rajasthan.

– Executive Director, Pilikula NisargaDhama Society, Mangalore, Karnataka.The projects under the scheme are

implemented by various Government/Autonomous/Non-Government Organizationsmaintaining Botanical Gardens and Centres

Table-12. List of organizations sanctioned grant for development of Lead gardens

S. Name of the Region Date of Total AmountNo. Institution Sanction Sanctioned

in lakh

1. Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur. North Western 2.9.2008 47.54Ghat

2. Van Vigyan Kendra, Chessa, Papompare, SFRI, East 23.09.08 57.00Itanagar. Arunachal Pradesh, HimalayaTele: 0360-2203560

3. Regional Plant Resources Centre, Neyapalli, Eastern Ghats 18.09.08 50.50Bhubneshwar, Orissa Tele: 0674- 2557925

4. Centre for Biodiversity Studies Western 29.05.09 57.50School of Biosciences and Biotechnology HimalayaBaba Ghulam Shah Badshah University,Rajouri-185 131 J&K.

5. GB Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment Central 25.03.08 34.68and Development , Kosi Katrmal, Almora Himalaya

6. Centre for Arid Zone Research Institute, Arid Zone 17.10.08 99.02Jodhpur, Rajasthan

7. National Botanical Research Institute Gangetic 03.06.09 41.94Ranapratap Marg, P.B. No. 436, PlainsLucknow-226 001

8. Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, South western 14.03.08 76.14Palode Trivandrum Ghats

9. Rapinat Herbarium and Centre for molecular Western Ghats 22.09.08 66.45Systematics and the Anglade Institute ifNatural History, St. Joseph CollegeThiruchellapalli -620 002

10. University of Agriculture Science, GKVK, Western Ghats 03.07.09 52.44Bangalore -560 065

11. Institute of Forest Productivity (IFP) Eastern India 20.05.2011 44.00Ranchi, Jharkhand

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of Ex-situConservation. Theprogress made bythese BotanicGardens isp e r i o d i c a l l ymonitored by theBotanical Surveyof India which alsohelps inidentification ofrare endangered,threatened andendemic plantsrequiring ex-situc o n s e r v a t i o n .During the year thetask of indepthevaluation of theScheme wascarried out by the Indian Institute of HorticultureResearch, Bengaluru.

Forest ConservationBackground

The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980came in to effect from October 25, 1980which provides for prior approval of theCentral Government for diversion of forestlands for non-forestry purposes. In the nationalinterest and in the interest of future generations,this Act, therefore, regulates the diversion offorest lands to non forestry purposes. Theobjective of the Act is to regulate indiscriminatediversion of forest lands for non forestry usesand to maintain balance betweendevelopmental needs of the country and theconservation of natural heritage. The guidelinesare issued under the Act from time to time, tosimplify the procedures, to cut down delaysand to make the process transparent.

Procedure for Forest Clearance

Heads of the Regional Offices of theMinistry at Bangalore, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar,Lucknow, Shillong and Chandigarh areempowered to grant approvals under the

FCA for diversion of forest land for non-forestry purposes up to 5 hectare in eachcase (except for mining and regularization ofencroachments) and to process and makerecommendations to the Ministry in casesbetween 5 hectare and 40 hectare inconsultation with the State AdvisoryCommittee. The proposals involving areasmore than 40 ha. To be submitted by theState Governments to the Ministry, and theyare examined by the Forest AdvisoryCommittee (FAC), constituted under the Forest(Conservation) Act, 1980 and meets once amonth. The present composition of the FACis given below:(i) Director General of Forests & Special

Secretary, Ministry of Environment &Forests … Chairman

(ii) Additional Director General of Forests,Ministry of Environment & Forests

… Member(iii) Additional Commissioner (Soil

Conservation), Ministry of Agriculture… Member

(iv) Dr. Ullas Karanth, Centre for WildlifeStudies, Bangalore-560070

… Member

Fig-28. Forests of Arunanchal Pradesh

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(v) Mr. Mahesh Rangarajan… Member

(vi) Dr. Amita Baviskar, Associate Professor,Institute of Economic Growth, New Delhi

… Member(vii) Inspector General of Forests (Forest

Conservation), Ministry of Environment &Forests … Member-SecretaryIn the cases where area is more than

100 ha. Each, a site inspection by theofficers of Regional Office is mandatorybefore the proposal is examined by the FAC.Keeping in view the recommendations of theFAC, the Ministry makes final decision ondiversion proposals stipulating appropriatemitigation measures.

Achievements made during the year

– A statement showing the number ofcases received and cleared for diversionof forest land along with forest landdiverted during the years 2010-11 and2011-12 (upto December 2012) is givenin Table below.

– During the financial year 2010-11, 467proposals were closed/ returned/withdrawn owing to incompleteapplications and rejections. Similarlyduring first ten months of the 2011-12,347 proposals have been either rejectedor closed/ returned/ withdrawn.

General approval of Diversion ofForest Land for small public utilityproposals

To boost the development ofunderdeveloped area including tribal areas,Ministry accorded general approval underSection-2 of the Forests (Conservation) Act,

1980 for underground laying of electriccable and wires to individual household,drinking water supply/ water pipelines,telephone lines which involve felling of treesnot exceeding 50 numbers per project andare outside the National Parks and Sanctuariesand are laid along the road. The approvalis valid till further orders.

As a special measures to boostdevelopment of basic infrastructure in LeftWing Extremism (LWE) affected districts inthe country, the general approval for diversionof the forest land for the specified publicutility development projects has been furtherrelaxed upto two hectares in each case, fora period of five years i.e. till 31st December,2015. In addition, in the 60 worst affecteddistricts where Integrated Action Plan isbeing implemented, the general approval fordiversion of upto five ha. of forest land forspecified developmental activities has beengiven.

The State Governments have been givenpower to issue specific approvals andconditions governing such approvals havebeen specified.

Mechanism for CompensatoryAfforestation

The mitigate impacts of diversion offorest land on the ecology, environment,biodiversity and overall forest cover in thecountry, the Central Government whileaccording approvals under the Forest(Conservation) Act, 1980 for diversion offorest land stipulates appropriate conditions.In addition to the requirement that the UserAgency provides land in compensation, atprescribed scales, it is also made incumbent

on them to providec o m p e n s a t o r ylevies which are inthe nature of fundsfor CompensatoryAfforestation /A d d i t i o n a l* Includes cases received during the preceding years

2010-11 2011-12 (upto 31.01.2012) No. of cases

received

Approved No. of cases

received

Approved* No. of cases*

Forest area diverted (ha.)

No. of cases*

Forest area diverted (ha)

3,131 2,059 40,432 2,644 1,304 24,375

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Compensatory Afforestation/ PenalCompensatory Afforestation/ Safety Zonetreatment / Catchment Area treatment/ NetPresent Value of forest land diverted. Forestarea which are notified as part of nationalparks/ sanctuaries are allowed to be divertedonly with the express approval of the SupremeCourt of India, and the User Agency isrequired to pay five times/ 10 times of theNet Present Value of the forest land divertedin such cases.

The funds received as compensatorylevies in lieu of diversion of forest land, areheld in the name of the respective StateCAMPAs [Compensatory Afforestation FundManagement and Planning Authorities] andare managed by the Ad-hoc CompensatoryAfforestation Fund Management and PlanningAuthority. The funds are being kept outsidethe Consolidated Fund of India and the PublicAccount of India in accordance with thespecific orders of the Apex Court. Releasesto the State CAMPAs are being made on thebasis of the Annual Plans of Operationreceived from the States with the approval ofthe State level Steering Committees headedby the respective Chief Secretaries and withinthe annual limit of Rs.1,000 crores fixed bythe Apex Court. The amounts released to theState CAMPAs in the years 2009-10, 2010-11 and 2011-12 (till now) are indicated inthe Annexure. 5% of the funds allocated tothe States are also sanctioned for use by theNational CAMPA Advisory Council, formonitoring of the Projects being funded outof the CAMPA.

– In relation to monitoring of expenditureincurred from out of the funds sanctionedto the State CAMPAs the following stepsare on the anvil:– "e-Green Watch" an Integrated

CAMPA Concurrent Monitoring andEvaluation System is beingestablished in Pilot phase in fiveStates, namely, Andhra Pradesh,Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Sikkim

and Tripura. This work is beingspear headed by the Ad-hoc CAMPAwith the support of NIC and ForestSurvey of India. The fully operationse-green watch will facilitate on-linereal-time assessment of activitiesimplemented from CAMPA funds,and will be a monitoring tool;

– A web-based online monitoringsystem for approval-status ofproposals received under FCA isunder implementation;

– Audit of utilisation of CAMPA fundsis being undertaken through theAccountants General. The C&AGof India have been addressed inthis matter.

– The Projects mentioned at (1) and (2)above have been undertaken usingCAMPA funds allocated to the NationalCAMPA Advisory Council.

Diversion of Forest land for nonforestry uses is in the nature ofexception

The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 isan example of the national political will topreserve its precious forest, wildlife andbiodiversity wealth. The Act has resulting indrastic reduction in rate of diversion of forestland for non-forest purposes from 1.65 lakhhectares per annum during the 25 yearsperiod from 1951-52 to 1975-76 prior toenactment of the Act to approximately 36,300hectares per annum after the Act came intoexistence, that too with provisions forappropriate mitigation measures.

Strict compliance of the ScheduledTribes and Other Traditional ForestDwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights)Act, 2006

The guidelines issued under the Forest(Conservation) Act, 1980 envisage strictcompliance of the Scheduled Tribes andOther Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognitionof Forest Rights) Act, 2006. The Ministry is

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ensuring that the forest land is diverted onlyafter the rights, if any, under the FRAt aresettled.

Good practices adopted to ensuretransparency

Good practices have been adopted toensure transparency in the system of forestryclearances. Monitoring mechanism for grantof the forestry clearances has beenstrengthened. Agenda and minutes of ForestAdvisory Committee Meetings, importantGuidelines and modifications are beingregularly placed and updated on Ministry'swebsite. The status of all proposals receivedin the Ministry is also available in the publicdomain.

The Ministry is also starting a web-basedsystem of Online Monitoring of ForestClearances. The Online Monitoring of Forestclearances is a work flow based applicationbeing developed for monitoring the proposalssubmitted by User Agencies for seeking forestclearances for diverting forest land for non-forestry purposes. This software applicationwill be used by all State Forest Departments,Regional Offices and headquarter at Ministryof Environment & Forests to feed and updatethe data pertaining to their level. This softwareapplication will contain a database of allforest land diversion proposals submitted tothe Ministry.

Forest Establishment (FE)

The Forest Establishment division ishandling the establishment matters in respectof the following organizations;-

– The Indian Council of Forestry Researchand Education (ICFRE) an autonomousorganization under the Ministry ofEnvironment & Forests, and its Institutes/Centers namely:-– Forest Research Institute, Dehradun– Arid Forest Research Institute,

Jodhpur– Forest Research Centre, Hyderabad

– Forestry Research & HumanResource Development Centre,Chhindwara

– Himalayan Forest Research Institute,Shimla

– Institute of Forest Genetics and TreeBreeding, Coimbatore

– Institute of Forest Productivity, Ranchi– Institute of Wood Science and

Technology, Bangalore– Rain Forest Research Institute, Jorhat– Tropical Forest Research Institute,

Jabalpur– Forest Survey of India (FSI), Dehradun

and its following four Zonal Offices asindicated below:-– Central Zone, Nagpur– Eastern Zone, Kolkata– Northern Zone, Shimla– Southern Zone, Bangalore

– Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB)and its Regional Offices at ;-– Chennai, Southern Region– Kolkata, Eastern Region– Mumbai, Western Region,– Jabalpur, Central Region– New Delhi, Northern Region

– Directorate of Forest Education (DFE)including the following State ForestColleges;-– State Forest Service College,

Dehradun– State Forest Service College,

Coimbatore– State Forest Service College,

Burnihat– State Forest Service College,

Kurseong– National Zoological Park (NZP), New

Delhi– Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy

(IGNFA), DehradunForestry establishment matters relating

to all the Union Territories of India (exceptAndaman & Nicobar Forest Plantation

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2Development Corporation) and generalreferences in respect of frontline staff of stateforest departments.

The court cases, RTI applications andParliament Matters pertaining to the above.

Progress/Achievements made duringthe year

– With a view to having uniformity in theservice conditions of forest personnel(ACF and below) in the Union Territories,[Forests being a Concurrent subject underthe Constitution, the Centre's role withregard to the States is only advisory innature], the Cabinet Secretariat hasamended the Allocation of Business Ruleson 26th February, 2012, transferring thesubject 'Forests' in respect of all theUnion Territories to Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests from Ministry ofHome Affairs.

Strengthening of Forests DivisionIntroduction

The Ministry of Environment & Forestshas six Regional Offices located at Bangalore,Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Lucknow, Shillong and

Chandigarh with its Headquarter Unit in theMinistry at New Delhi. Names of the Headsof the Regional Offices with their address,telephone and fax numbers are given in theAnnexure - IIA. Regional Offices monitor andevaluate the ongoing forestry projects andschemes with specific emphasis onconservation of forests, and oversee theimplementation of conditions and safeguardslaid down by the Ministry while grantingclearance to development projects underForest (Conservation) Act, 1980 (FCA) andEnvironment (Protection) Act, 1986 (EPA).

Progress of Activities undertaken

The Heads of the Regional Offices areempowered to grant approval for diversionof forest land for non-forestry purposes up tothe extent of 05 hectare (except mining andregularization of encroachments) and toprocess cases between 05 hectare and 40hectare in consultation with the State AdvisoryCommittee and to undertake physicalinspection of sites in cases of diversion offorest lands to non-forestry purposes involvingan area of more than 100 ha. A statementshowing the number of cases received andnumber of cases cleared by the Regional

Table-13. Statement showing the number of cases received and number of cases clearedunder the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 during the year 2010-11 and 2011-12 (upto 31December 2011)

* Includes cases received during the preceding years

S. No Name of the

Regional Office

2010-11 2011-12 (upto 31.12.2011) No. of cases

received

Approved No. of cases

received

Approved* No. of

cases*

Forest area diverted

(ha.)

No. of cases*

Forest area diverted

(ha)

1. Bangalore 76 47 212.17 62 27 126.31 2. Bhopal 180 136 916.15 198 75 283.78 3. Bhubaneswar 65 71 991.28 43 38 697.63 4. Lucknow 519 615 2,108.55 386 424 947.01 5. Shillong 118 118 727.84 90 103 362.82 6. Chandigarh 870 582 903.45 724 339 327.09

Total 1,828 1,569 5,859.44 1,503 1,006 2,744.63

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Offices under the Forest (Conservation) Act,1980 during the year 2010-11 and 2011-12 (upto 31 December 2011) is given inTable-13.

Other Activities undertaken

Some of the important activitiesundertaken/ meetings held during 2011-12(upto 31 December, 2011) are as follows:

– A meeting of officers and scientists of theRegional Offices was held on 23-24June 2012, which was jointly chaired byShri J.M. Mauskar, Special Secretaryand Shri Arun K. Bansal, AdditionalDirector General of Forests (FC). Thefunctioning of the Regional Offices, bothForestry as well as Environmentalfunctions, were reviewed in the meeting.The meeting was also attended by seniorofficers of the Ministry from Environmentand Forestry wings.

– An interactive review meeting wasorganised at the Regional Office,Bhubaneswar with the Coal IndiaSubsidiary Companies, under theChairmanship of the Additional DirectorGeneral of Forests (FC), Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests to facilitateclearance of Coal Mining projects forthe States of Eastern & Western regions(Odisha, Jharkhand, Chhatishgarh,Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra).

– With continuous persuasion of theRegional Office, Bhubaneswar, theOrissa State Forest Department havetaken initiative for assessment of Non-Timber Forest Produce (NTFP) reservesfor which a 2-day's workshop on NTFPresource assessment was organised inNovember, 2011. Division levelassessment of NTFP resources is to follow.

– The Regional Office, Bhubaneswar hasspecially focused on conducting primaryfield study of flora and fauna includingamphibians and pollinators for the freshmining proposals, stressing upon the

importance of the study in the targetvirgin areas and its vicinity to preparea baseline data for the impact study infuture. Embarking upon the endeavourof the ERO, the Bhushan Steel Ltd. hassubmitted the study to ERO for theirprospecting/mining proposal andOPGC, NTPC, Essel mining have alsoinitiated studies in this regard.

– The Regional Office, Bhubaneswar hasalso added to its priority to focus onrestoration of post mining land use sothat the productivity of land after postmining restoration is enhanced or atleast equal to the pre mining land usewhich is reflected in the recent diversionproposals submitted by NTPC, CoalIndia Ltd., SAIL, JSPL, JSW, OPGC etc.

– The Regional Office, Bhubaneswar hasalso initiated a practice of inviting expertsfrom Mining, Hydel sectors to the StateAdvisory Group (SAG) meetings toenhance the level of analysis andappreciation of the technical parametersduring the discussion of the proposals.

– The Regional Office, Bhubaneswar'spersistent pursuance has augmented thenotifications of compensatoryafforestation land further, which nowstands 81 in Odisha, 15 in Jharkhand,one in West Bengal and two in A & NIslands.

– The Regional Office, Bhubaneswar hasalso reiterated its efforts to emphasizeutilization of iron ore up to 45%, insistingR & D for utilization of shale in coal andpreference to rail evacuation instead ofroad transport.

– The Regional Office, Bhubaneswar hasidentified important sectors such asAluminium & Bauxite sectors, ThermalPower Projects, Oil, Gas & Petroleumsector, Steel & Sponge Iron sector andNodal Scientists have been nominatedfor each sector to develop expertise indifferent categories of the projects that

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have been accorded environmentalclearance by the Ministry. The concernedscientists are being encouraged tospecialise in each of the allotted sectors.

– One interactive meeting on environmentalissues pertaining to Cement Industry wasorganised at Bhubaneswar on 13 May2011. Following road map was drawnduring the interactive meeting to facilitatecloser interaction between industries andinstitution: a) To establish R&D Fundsunder the control of R&D Fund ExecutiveCommittee, b) To establish a think-tankby drawing 4-5 experts from the industriesfor technical guidance and for setting uplong-term and short-term targets and c)Setting up of a centre from consortiumfunds for R&D in one the campuses ofleading institutes like IITs, NITs, etc. Afollow-up action on the outcome of theinteractive meetings held earlier is beingcontinued in a) Aluminium & Bauxitesector, b) Thermal Power Projects and c)Oil, Gas & Petroleum Projects, d) Iron &Steel Sector, e) Coastal Harbour Projectsand f) Cement Sector to ensureimplementation of environmentalsafeguard measures including R & Dsupport to industries for environmentalmanagement as recommended. Thedetails are:– The industries conducted follow up

meetings and the thrust areas wereidentified viz., Water Audit and itsManagement, Energy Audit, SolidWaste Management, Introductionof Transplantation Methods inAfforestation, Beneficiation of LowGrade Minerals and CarbonReduction Measures. An agreementhas already been signed betweenM/s. Bramhani River Pellets Limited,Iron Ore mines of M/s Jindal Steel& Power Limited (JSPL) and NIT,Rourkela to take up Water Auditand Management (an initiation for

the region as a result of persuasionby the Regional Office). M/s. JindalSteel Power Limited have also givena pilot project to IIMT, Bhubaneswarfor utilisation of low grade iron ore(up to 45%). Eastern Zone MiningAssociation has in principleapproved a project, "Web EnabledESP/ETP Monitoring System toControl Air Pollution" to NIT,Durgapur. Interactive meet has alsohelped to focus on R&D activities,raising of funds for all the R & Dactivities and development ofscientific and human resources database in the sector.

– Of various issues identified duringmeetings, Institute of Minerals andMaterials Technology (CSIR) andM/s Vedanta Aluminium Limitedhave jointly taken up pilot projects.NIT, Rourkela and M/s VedantaAluminium Limited have entered intoa MOU for a joint R & D project,"Pilot Plant Study of iron extractionfrom red mud" which will be asignificant step in waste reductionand Red Mud Utilisation. M/s AdityaAluminium is also pursuing withinstitutes to initiate projects on (i)Enrichment of Fe in red mud closeto 60%, increasing the stable angleof repose of dry red mud, developinga land fill lining material using redmud and other wastes and reactivesilica stabilization in Bauxite toreduce caustic consumption.Successful R & D outcomes on aboveproblems will help reducing pollutionload significantly in Aluminiumindustries.

– Measures have been initiated byprojects for harvesting rain waterand energy conservation byreducing Auxiliary PowerConsumption in power plants. The

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benefits of mist cooling systemdiscussed during the interactivemeetings that helps in reduction inAuxiliary Power Consumption isimplemented by M/s VedantaAluminium Ltd in its new PowerPlant.

– Regional Office, Bangalore has submitteda comprehensive report on the majorpublic sector undertakings and otherpolluting industries in Visakhapatnamarea and suggested measures forcontaining pollution in 1) NTPC - SimhadriThermal Power Project, 2) VisakhapatnamSteel Plant, 3) Hindustan PetroleumCorporation Limited (HPCL), 4)Visakhapatnam Port Trust, 5) HindustanShipyard - Visakhapatnam, 6)Coromandel Fertilizers Ltd.

– Two students of Indian Institute ofManagement, Bhopal did internship inRegional Office, Bhopal on the subject"Monitoring and evaluation of forestarea diversion", "Status of complianceand impact of Forest, Wildlife and SocialImpact".

– A small garden dedicated to indigenousfragrant plants has been developed inthe office complex of the Regional OfficeBhubaneswar. 35 species of fragrantplants have been added since last yearand the total at present is 70 species offragrant plants. An initiative has beentaken by the Regional Office,Bhubaneswar to recognise this raregarden for entry into the Limca Book ofRecords. A reply from M/s Limca Bookof Records has been received statingthat they would like to consider thefragrant garden in an office-cum-residential complex in 2013 edition.Efforts are being made to increase thenumber of fragrant plant species.

– The Regional Office, Bangalore hasmade thorough study of mining situationin Goa and forwarded reports on

discrepancies in permission issued underWild Life Act, excess production,Environmental Protection measures takenby mining companies and recommendedclosure of several mines.

– The Chief Conservator of Forests(Central), Regional Office, Bangaloreassisted the Committee constituted bythe Hon'ble Supreme Court of India tocarry out demarcation of the miningleases in Bellary Forest Division.

– Regional Office, Shillong successfullyco-ordinated the meeting of Secretary,Ministry of Environment and Forests withthe Chief Secretaries of the North-EasternStates, including Sikkim, on 30 June2011 at Guwahati to review PlanSchemes of the Ministry.

– Regional Office, Shillong has organizedmeeting of the Nodal Officers of the N.E. States including Sikkim during 15-16September 2011 to discuss theprioritization of forest clearanceproposals and to take effective steps toavoid delays in preparation andprocessing of forest clearance cases andfor early declaration of CompensatoryAfforestation land into Protected/Reserved Forests.

– The World Environment Day, 2011 wasorganised in the Regional Office, Shillongby planting over 300 flowering and fruitbearing saplings by the residents of theresidential complex to enhance thegreenery of the campus.

– On the orders of the Ministry ofEnvironment & Forests, the scientists ofRegional Offices have developedprotocol and format for self monitoringfor adoption by all the project proponents;and developed the criteria andformulation of guidelines forcategorization of non-compliances intothe category of serious and not soserious.

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Financial Achievement

A statement showing financial targetsand achievements for the year 2011-12 isgiven in Table-14.

Intensification of ForestManagement Scheme (IFMS)Introduction

While aiming to expand forest cover inthe country, it is equally important to improvethe state of existing forests and protect themagainst various threats. This CentrallySponsored 'Intensification of ForestManagement Scheme' (IFMS) aims atstrengthening forest protection machinery ofthe State/UT Governments and providingsupport for area-specific forest managementinterventions. The financial assistance isprovided on cost share basis - All the NorthEastern States including Sikkim and specialcategories States, namely, Jammu & Kashmir,Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand share10% of the cost while the rest of the Statcs/UTs share 25% of the cost of the annual plansof operations.

The major components of the scheme include:– Forest fire control and management.– Strengthening of Infrastructure.– Survey, Demarcation and Working Plan

preparation.– Protection and Conservation of Sacred

Groves.– Conservation and Restoration of Unique

Vegetation & Ecosystems.– Control and Eradication of Forest Invasive

Species.

– Preparedness for Meeting Challenges ofBamboo Flowering and ImprovingManagement of Bamboo Forests.While the first three components have

been under implementation since the X Planperiod under the erstwhile 'Integrated ForestProtection Scheme', the remaining fourcomponents have been introduced from theyear 2009-10 after obtaining the Cabinetapproval.

Outcome

The scheme has helped the State/UTforest departments in modernizing the forestrysector by way of creating infrastructure suchas field offices, forest stations, residentialfacilities for frontline staff; construction ofroads and patrolling paths; introduction ofmodem technology including use of PDA forfield surveillance and reporting; providingfield vehicles, arms and ammunitions.

Introduction of advanced technologyhelped in bridging the backlog in preparationof working plans. Forest fire control hasbecome progressively effective by way ofcreation and maintenance of firelines forprevention of forest fires, early detection,reporting and quick mobilization of force forforest fire control. Modern technology hasalso helped in improving planning for forestfire control and management.

This scheme has also provided incentivesfor involvement of local people through JointForest Management Committees in forestprotection. Presently, there are 2,74,134JFMCs managing 6,71,42,757 mha involving38,62,811 people of forest area.

Table-14. Financial Targets and Achievements for the year 2011-12

Revenue head Capital head BE 2011-12 Expenditure

(upto 31.12.2011)

BE 2011-12 Expenditure (upto 31.12.2011)

10.50 7.79 0.50 0.23

(Rs. in crore)

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Fund Managing

The XI plan outlay for the scheme isRs.600.00 crores. The allocation for the year2011-12 is Rs.65.00 crores. Expenditureincurred in the last five years is given in Table-15.

Major Achievements

Major achievements in the financialyear 2010-11 in the scheme are asfollows:

– 1,00,821 mandays of work was createdfor people living on forest fringes.

– 96,916 Km of firelines were constructed/maintained for fire control.

– 27,185 boundary pillars wereconstructed to demarcate forest areas.

– 302 buildings for infrastructure supportto frontline staff were constructed.

– 13 vehicles were provided to states forimproving communication and rapidmobility.

Forest Policy

Forest Policy Division of Ministry ofEnvironment & Forests (MoEF) coordinatesthe National Forest Policy, 1988 and itsimplementation issues, Indian Forest Act,1927 and Policy and legislative issues ofother Central Ministries/ Departments relatedto Forests and Scheduled Tribes &coordinating the State Forest Policies, StateForest Acts/Amendment etc. Forest PolicyDivision coordinates with Ministry ofPanchayati Raj, Ministry of Tribal Affairs andPlanning Commission on the matters relatedto various Acts and Policies.

In addition Forest Policy Division hasbeen the nodal division regarding Forestry inrelation to Climate Change and REDD+ Cellin Forestry Wing of MoEF. It works on variouspolicy issues on forestry and linkages withforestry sector. It co-ordinates the variousforestry divisions in the Ministry and conductsmeetings of the committees constituted by theMinistry. Besides these activities, Forest PolicyDivision acts as a National Focal point on theForestry International Cooperation which hasbeen mentioned here in detail:Forest International Cooperation (FIC)

FIC Division coordinates on the matterrelated to forestry of International cooperationwith Committee on Forestry (COFO) of Foodand Agriculture Organization (FAO), AsiaPacific Forestry Commission (APFC) andUnited Nation Forum on Forests(UNFF) andalso coordinates on the bilateral co-operationbetween India-China on forestry matter.During the year 2011-12 some of theimportant Internationa cooperation/visitswhich have been made on the forestrymatters are as follows:(i) Visit to attend the 24th Session of Asia

Pacific Forestry Commission:Three member Indian delegation headedby Shri A.K. Bansal, Additional DirectorGeneral of Forests with other membersnamely Shri R. K. Goel, Inspector Generalof Forests, EAP and Shri SubhashChandra, Dy. Inspector General ofForests, Forest Policy attended the 24thSession of Asia Pacific ForestryCommission from 07-11, 2011 at Beijing,China.

Table-15. Expenditure incurred in the last five years

Year

2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 (upto

05.03.2012)

ExpenditureRs lakhs 6698.5047 7461.3964 6933.72 5685.35 5620.19

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The delegation also participated in theweek long Event from 7th to 11thNovember, 2011. In the CommissionIndia brought out the fact that Indiacapacity to impart training to the officialsfrom Countries of the Asia Pacific Regionwith specific reference to the following:-– State of Forestry in the Asia Pacific

Region– The Impact of REDD+ and forest

sector governance and landmanagement in Asia Pacific

– FLEG-T: Continuous improvement inforest governance

– Progress in implementing APFC andFAO-supported activities

– "New Media - New Messages:Forestry communications in Asiaand the Pacific"

– "Journey to 2020: The future forforestry in Asia and the Pacific

– Heads of Forestry dialogue: Definingforestry's role in the emerging"GreenEconomy"

– Climate change adaptation andecosystem resilience

– Significance of forests in relation toclimate change: Mission for aGreen India (GIM) Initiative:

– Responding to increased demandsin fire management

– Regional issues identified by theCommission for the attention of theCommittee on Forestry (COFO)

(ii) Visit of a delegation from ChineseAcademy of Forestry to ICFRE from 11-19 December 2011 as a follow up ofdecision taken for evolving cooperationmechanism on forestry research amongBRICS. ICFRE has signed a MoU withChinese Academy of Forestry forcooperation under the framework of thecountries, sharing of research finding,academic programme, etc.

(iii) A delegation headed by Director, RFRIattended the Ministerial Seminar on

strenghening Cooperation of Forestry(Bamboo)among China and OtherDeveloping Countries from October 26to November 1, 2011 in Beijing andHangzhou, P.R. China.

(iv) Besides the International cooperation,FIC Division has provided inputs onforestry matters to IC Division on Rio+20Zero draft of the outcomedocument, meeting with BASIC Ministers,Sustainable Development G o a l s(SDGs), etc.

(v) FIC Division has come out with the paperon "Forests for People" for publicationin UNFFS Publication for Forests 2011.The Book has been published by theUNFF Secretariat.

(vi) A team of Chinese delegation from StateForestry Administration, P. R. Chinaled by Administrator, SFA shall visit Indiato attend the third India-ChinaJoint Working Group meeting to be heldduring 19-22 February, 2012.The details of major activities coordinatedby the Forest Policy Division duringcurrent year are as follows:

Activities undertaken so far

(i) The Ministry has been proactivelyinvolved in coordinating theimplementation of the Scheduled Tribesand Other Traditional Forest Dwellers(Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006with the Ministry of Tribal Affairs.

(ii) Forest Policy Division has coordinatedand furnished the comments on variousmatters especially on the "the LandAcquisition and Rehabilitation andResettlement Bill, 2011 which ensuresand highlights the facilities linked tocreation of environmental and greeninfrastructure which is critical for healthyenvironment and humane living likelandfill sites, water treatment plants,effluent treatment plants, parks, gardens,green belts, creation of National Parks

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and Wildlife Sanctuaries,critical wildlife corridors,conservation reservesetc. and should includerequirements forimplementation under theWildlife (Protection) Act,1972, the Environment(Protection) Act, 1986,the Biological DiversityAct, 2002. The Ministryof Environment andForests also clears thatthe land under the titlesdistributed under theForest rights Act, 2006still remains Forest landunder the ownership of the Government,therefore, the forest right holders shouldnot be treated as land owners but as aholder of forest right which is inheritablebut inalienable and non transferable.

(iii) The National Forest Policy 1988envisages that one -third of the total landarea of the country should be underforest or tree cover. To achieve thisobjective, forestry activity on forest privateland has to be promoted. Keeping inview, a Committee to study the regulatoryregime regarding felling and transitregulations for tree species grown onnon-forest/ private lands has beenconstituted in Forest Policy Division underthe Chairmanship of Addl. DirectorGeneral of Forests (FC) on 20th July,2011 with following Terms of Reference:– To study the current regulatory

regimes of different States/UTsregarding felling and transit fortrees grown on private lands.

– To evaluate at the experience ofdifferent States/UTs.

– To recommended the regulatoryregime in Mission to Green India.

– To review the Lok Vaniki Act ofMadhya Pradesh.

(iv) The Division has firmed up the mattersrelated to Private-Public Partnership inreforestation of degraded lands. Thecomments of MoEF have been sent toDepartment of Economic Affairs in whichthe Ministry is of view that there is aneed for large scale promotion of agro-forestry plantations integrated with woodbased industries. Substantialimprovement is required in productivityof agro forestry plantations based ongenetically improved planting stock andimproved package of practices, byencouraging R&D on a massive scale bysubstantially reduction in income tax,custom duty on scientific equipments,etc. and other benefits to promoteinfrastructure in R&D. Promotion of agro-forestry incidentally will provide higherincome to farmers, create employmentopportunities and reduce pressure onnatural forests which, in turn, can provideimproved environmental services.

(v) A memorandum of Agreement has beensigned between the Government of India,Government of West Bengal and GorkhaJanmukti Morcha (GJM) on 18th July,2011 for establishing an autonomousself-governing body called GorkhalandTerritorial Administration (GTA). MoEF

Fig-29. A view of forests at Mouling National Park

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has provided the comments to Govt. ofWest Bengal and Ministry of HomeAffairs on the Gorkhaland TerritorialAdministration Bill, 2011 of West Bengalas passed by Assembly of West Bengalon 2nd September, 2011.

(vi) India has taken a firm stance in favourof a comprehensive REDD+ approachand playing a positive role throughGreen India Mission (GIM) programmeunder NAPCC. Some of the basicactivities to be taken under REDD+ are:– Reducing emission from

deforestation– Reducing emission from forest

degradation– Conservation of forest carbon stocks– Sustainable management of forest– Enhancement of forest carbon stocks,

etc.In the Indian context carbon service fromforest and plantation is one of the co-benefits. The country would also likesafeguards for ensuring the fullparticipation of local communities andother stakeholders.

(vii) Forest Policy Division has processed thematter of "the Land Titling Bill 2010"and furnished the comments on "theLand Titling Bill 2010" to Departmentof Land Resources, Ministry of RuralDevelopment on 18th July, 2011 whereinthe Ministry signifies that the land notifiedor in the process of notification asreserved forest, protected forest, etc.and lands covered under 'definition offorests' in Supreme Court orders in T.N.Godavaraman case will be specificallyexcluded from the purview of the act.

(viii) Forest Policy Division in the Ministry isa nodal Division for persuing the mattersrelated to Recommendations of theCommittee on State Agrarian Relationsand the Unfinished Task in Land Reformsbeing coordinated by DoLR, Ministry ofRural Development (MoRD). The FP

Division has furnished the comments onthe matters to DoLR.

(ix) A Working Group on Forestry andSustainable Natural ResourceManagement for the 12th Five Year Planwas constituted by The PlanningCommission on 17th June, 2011. TheWorking Group comprised of Sub-Groupson a specific themes. The preparation ofthe Report related to one of the Sub-Groups i.e. on Sub-Group V"International Cooperation and Law"was assigned to Forest Policy Divisionhas submitted the final report of the Sub-Group V on International Cooperationand Law to the Planning Commission.

(x) Amendment of Section 68 of IndianForest Act, 1927: Under the presentprovision of IFA, 1927 where the powerto compound forest offences is extremelylimited, even petty cases are oftenreferred to courts for prosecution leadingto harassment of Tribals and Otherpeople living in proximity of forests, whomay sometimes unknowingly commit apetty forest violation. Hence to ensurethat in instances of such petty forestviolation, the local people are not put toundue harassment through prosecutionwhich entails litigation in courts, it isproposed to amend Section 68 (3) ofIndian Forest Act, 1927 to enhancepower vested with forest officials tocompound a forest offence up to a limitof Rs. 10,000 (Rupees Ten Thousandonly). The Amendment Bill, 2010 is tobe introduced in the Rajya Sabha.

(xi) The issue of linking JFM Committees withPanchayats has been resolved by issuingan advisory to State Governments underwhich JFMCs are to be treated as organsof Gram Sabha and they shall workunder the overall guidance andsupervision of Gram Sabha. The mainpoints of the Advisory are as follows:

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– Existing JFMCs should function underthe overall guidance and supervisionof the Gram Sabha and where newJFMCs are to be set up they shouldbe done the Gram Sabhas.

– JFMCs should be recognized asorgans of the Gram Sabha underthe relevant state Acts relating toPanchayat Raj institutions.

– JFMCs should function as StandingCommittees of Gram SabhaPanchayats for item 6 (SocialForestry and Farm Forestry) anditem 7 (Minor Forest Products) listedin the Eleventh Schedule to theConstitution.

– The manner in which thedevelopment funds of the JFMCsare used should be approved by theGram Sabha.

(xii) Forest Policy Division has organized thecelebration of World Forestry Day 2011at National Zoological Park, New Delhion 21st March, 2011.

(xiii) Forest Policy Division is the nodal Divisionfor coordinating the Project "SustainableLandscape and Climate AdaptationProgramme" signed between theGovernment of Indiaand USAID.

Wildlife ConservationIntroduction

Government of Indiaprovides technical andfinancial support to the State/UT Governments for wildlifeconservation under thevarious Centrally SponsoredSchemes - IntegratedDevelopment of WildlifeHabitats, Project Tiger, andProject Elephant, and alsothrough Central SectorScheme - Strengthening ofWildlife Division and

Consultancies for Special Tasks, and throughGrants in Aid to the Central Zoo Authorityand Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun. Theobjectives and details of the Schemes handledby the Wildlife Division are as given below:

CSS-Integrated Development ofWildlife Habitats

At present India has a network of 668Protected Areas (102 National Parks, 515Wildlife Sanctuaries, 47 ConservationReserves and 4 Community Reserves). State-wise list of Protected Area is at Table-16.

The Government of India providesfinancial and technical assistance to theState/UT Governments for activities aimed atwildlife conservation through the CentrallySponsored Scheme viz. 'IntegratedDevelopment of Wildlife Habitats'. The schemehas following three components:

– Support to Protected Areas (PA) (NationalParks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, ConservationReserves and Community Reserves)

– Protection of Wildlife Outside ProtectedAreas

– Recovery programmes for saving criticallyendangered species and habitats.

Fig-30. Cryptelytrops erythrurus, known as Spot-tailed Pit Viper

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– Eligible PAs: National Parks, WildlifeSanctuaries, Conservation Reserves andCommunity Reserves, other than thoseavailing central assistance under theCSS- Project Tiger, which are duly notifiedunder the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972and are under the control of the ChiefWildlife Wardens.

– Pattern of funding: 100% centralassistance is provided for non-recurringitems and 50% assistance for recurringitems. Areas falling in mountain regions,coastal zones, deserts, or those areaswhich support cer tain selectedendangered species, are eligible for100% central assistance for bothrecurring and non-recurring items.

Protection of Wildlife OutsideProtected Areas

There is substantial wildlife and naturalresources lying outside the Protected Areasnetwork of India. This component seeks tosupport the conservation of wildlife in theseareas.

– Eligible areas: High value biodiversityareas outside PAs. Areas contiguous to

PAs/corridors are given priority.The Chief Wildlife Wardensprepare a BiodiversityConservation Plan for suchselected area.– Pattern of funding:Same as in the case of PAs.Recovery programme forcritically endangeredspecies and habitats

This component is foraffecting the recovery ofcritically endangered speciesin the country. Initially 15species have been identifiedunder this component. Theseare Snow Leopard, Bustard(including Floricans), Dolphin,

Hangul, Nilgiri Tahr, Marine Turtles, Dugongs,Edible Nest Swiftlet, Asian Wild Buffalo,Nicobar Megapode, Manipur Brow-antleredDeer, Vultures, Malabar Civet, IndianRhinoceros, Asiatic Lion and Swamp Deer.

The Director, Wildlife Preservation,Government of India, in consultation with theWildlife Institute of India or the relevantscientific institute and with the approval of theStanding Committee of the NBWL can initiateother recovery programmes or wind up anongoing programme.

Pattern of funding: 100% assistanceis provided for both non-recurring andrecurring items. Each recovery programmehas to be based on a comprehensive andscientific 'Recovery Plan'. The Chief WildlifeWardens of the concerned States (if thespecies range is in more than one State),shall jointly prepare the Recovery Plan withthe help of a national scientific institute/organization of repute.

Activities under CSS- 'IntegratedDevelopment of Wildlife Habitats'

Activities covered under the CentrallySponsored Scheme 'Integrated Developmentof Wildlife Habitats' are as follows:

Fig-31. Deepar Beel Bird Sanctuary, the only Ramsar site of Assam

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– Management Planning andcapacity building

– Strengthening wildlife research,education and nature awareness

– Staff development and capacitybuilding

– Monitoring and evaluation– Management Planning

– Anti-poaching & infrastructuredevelopment

– Anti-poaching activities– Strengthening of infrastructure– Strengthening Wildlife veterinary

care– Strengthening Staff welfare activities

– Restoration of habitats

– Habitat improvement activities– Safeguards / Retrofitting measures

– Eco-development and communityoriented activities

– Addressing man-animal conflict– Strengthening co-existence agenda– Deciding inviolate spaces and

relocation of villages from crucialwildlife habitats

– Fostering ecotourism– Assistance to activities in Trans-

boundary Protected AreasDuring the financial year 2011-12, an

amount of Rs. 70.00 crores has been allocatedunder the CSS- 'Integrated Development ofWildlife Habitats' out of which Rs. 7.50 croreshas been earmarked for the North EasternStates.

CSS- Project Elephant

Project Elephant (PE) was launched bythe Government of India in the year 1991-92 as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme withthe following objectives :

– To protect elephants, their habitat &corridors

– to address issues of man-animalconflict

– welfare of domesticated elephantsFinancial and technical support is being

provided to major elephant bearing States inthe country. Under the scheme, 100% financialassistance is provided to the concerned StateGovernment for undertaking various activitiesfor scientific management of elephant habitats.Presently The Project is being implementedin 18 States/UTs, viz. Andhra Pradesh,Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar,Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala,Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Nagaland,Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand ,Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and Haryana(where an elephant rescue centre has beenset up supported by Project Elephant). Thereare 27 notified and five proposed ElephantReserves in the country, which are still to benotified by the concerned State Governments,covering approximately 60,000 sq. km. area.

Main activities under the Project are asfollows:

– Ecological restoration of existing naturalhabitats and migratory routes ofelephants;

– Development of scientific and plannedmanagement for conservation of elephanthabitats and viable population of WildAsiatic elephants in India;

– Promotion of measures for mitigation ofman elephant conflict in crucial habitatsand moderating pressures of human anddomestic stock activities in crucialelephant habitats;

– Strengthening of measures for protectionof Wild elephants form poachers andunnatural causes of death;

– Research on Elephant managementrelated issues;

– Public education and awarenessprogrammes;

– Eco-development– Veterinary care

Due to the effective implementation ofthe project, especially with respect to theprotection of elephants, the elephant

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population in the country has risen over theyears, even as their habitat has beenfragmented due to developmental activity.

During the financial year, India hosteda Ministerial Meeting of eight major elephantrange countries in the world and a resolutionwas adopted during the meeting. Inaccordance with the resolution, India requiredto host the Elephant :50 Ministerial meetingof fifty elephant range country in New Delhiduring early 2013.

CS - Strengthening of Wildlife Divisionand Consultancies for Special Tasks

This Central Sector Scheme was launchedin 1986 to strengthen the Wildlife Divisionin the Ministry and the Regional Offices ofWildlife Preservation for fulfilling the statutoryobligations under the Wildlife (Protection)Act, 1972 and the Convention on InternationalTrade in Endangered Species of Wild Faunaand Flora (CITES).

International trade in wild flora andfauna is regulated by the provisions of theEXIM Policy, the Wildlife (Protection) Act,1972 and CITES convention. The Director(Wildlife Preservation) is designated as theCITES Management Authority and theRegional Deputy Directors (WildlifePreservation) are the Assistant Management

Authorities under CITES. They monitor andregulate international trade in wildlife and itsderivatives at the designated ports of exit andentry.

The Scheme "Strengthening of WildlifeDivision and Consultancies for Special Tasks"provided assistance to the Regional Officeslocated in Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Jabalpurand Chennai for manpower and developmentof infrastructure. Assistance was also extendedto the three sub- regional offices at Guwahati,Amritsar and Cochin. In addition, the Schemealso supported the functioning of the WildlifeDivision in the Ministry. The allocation of theScheme during the year 2011-12 is Rs 6.00Crores of which Rs. 3.58 crores has beenutilized till date.

The Scheme also supported wildliferesearch activities/projects envisaged in theNational Wildlife Action Plan (2002-2016).Grant were also provided to researchinstitutes, universities, NGOs and otherorganizations of repute engaged in wildliferesearch both at the field and laboratorylevels. Major areas supported inter aliainclude taxonomy, population estimation,wildlife conservation & management,restoration of degraded ecosystems, etc.During 2011-12, eight research proposalson Wildlife Conservation have been

approved.

National Board forWildlife

The National Board forWildlife (NBWL) has beenconstituted as per the provisionsof the Wild Life (Protection) Act,1972 in 2003. The Board isChaired by the Hon'ble PrimeMinister and has 47 membersincluding Members ofParliament, Chief of the ArmyStaff, Member, PlanningCommission, representatives ofNon GovernmentFig-32. Assam roofed turtle (Phangsura sylhetensis) at Kaziranga National Park

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Organizations, eminent environmentalists/conservationists/ecologists and other officialmembers. The NBWL is reconstituted everythree years. The NBWL was last re-constitutedvide notification dated 4th September 2010.Till date five meetings of the Board have beenconvened since its constitution.

Standing Committee of NBWL

The NBWL has also a Standing Committeethat is Chaired by the Minister-in-charge of theMinistry of Environment and Forests. TheStanding Committee of NBWL was firstconstituted on 4th November 2003 for aperiod of three years. It was last reconstitutedon 14th September 2010. Till date the StandingCommittee of NBWL has met 24 times sinceit was first constituted in November 2003. TheStanding Committee of NBWL considers issuesrelating to conservation and protection ofwildlife and their habitat. It also considersproposals involving non-forestry activities inwildlife habitats.

Red Listing Process in India

The International Union forConservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List ofThreatened Species is the world's mostcomprehensive inventory of the globalconservation status of plant and animalspecies.

In India, many organizationshave been working independently onthe red listing process focusing onspecific areas of interest as islands ofexcellence. It was felt that the Ministryof Environment and Forests shouldprovide necessary coordinatingmechanism to integrate the efforts ofscientific and voluntary organizationsresulting into a scientifically acceptableuseful output. It was also felt that theprocess of red listing of species forthe country should follow theframework of IUCN RegionalGuidelines and criteria.

A consultative workshop was jointlyorganized by the Ministry of Environmentand Forests and the IUCN -India on 1st

February 2011. As a follow up to this, theMinistry of Environment and Forests constitutedthe Steering Committee (SC) in February2011 under the Chairmanship of the Addl.Director General of Forests (WL).

The Steering Committee had decided fortaking up the exercise on a specific timeschedule basis so as to come up with the firstreport before the CBD-COP-11 to be held inOctober 2012 in Hyderabad.

Fig-33. Bird at Keshopur Wetland

Fig-34. Artificial nest at Ropar Wetlands

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International Conventions Relatedto WildlifeConvention on International Trade inEndangered Species Of Wild Fauna &Flora (CITES)

– Signed in March 1973 to regulateinternational trade in endangered speciesof wildlife.

– The convention has 25 Articles fromdefinitions to the manner in which thetrade in species included in variousAppendices of the convention could beregulated.

– India signed the Convention in July1976 which was ratified in October1976.

– All import, export, re-export andintroduction from the sea of speciescovered by the Convention has to beauthorized through a licensing system.

– The species covered by CITES are listedin three Appendices according to thedegree of protection they need.

– The Director, Wildlife Preservation hasbeen designated as the CITESManagement Authority for India.

– The enforcement of the convention andthe provisions of CITES is carried out bythe Regional Deputy Directors, WildlifePreservation, who have been designatedas the Assistant CITES ManagementAuthority for India.

– India had represented in the meeting ofthe Animals Committee, Plants Committeeand Standing Committee of CITES.

– India has initiated a Non DetrimentalFinding (NDF) study of the Red Sanders(Pterocarpus santalinus)

Convention on Migratory Species(CMS)

– Also known as the 'Bonn Convention' ,it is an inter-governmental treaty,concluded under the aegis of the United

Nations Environment Programme,concerned with the conservation ofwildlife and habitats on a global scale.

– The Convention came into force in 1979.– The Convention aims to conserve

migratory species throughout their range.– India is a Party to the convention since

01st November, 1983– India had participated in the 10th

Conference of Parties to the CMS heldin Norway in November 2011.

Agreements under CMS to which Indiais a signatory

– Siberian Crane MOU

– The MOU aims at betterconservation and protection of theSiberian Cranes and their habitat

– India had signed the MOU on 13th

December 1998.– Siberian Cranes are migratory

visitors to India in winter.– The species is included in the

Schedule-I of the Wildlife (Protection)Act, 1972 thereby according themfull protection.

– Their wintering habitats have beendeclared Protected Areas.

– Marine Turtle MOU

– The MOU aims at betterconservation and management ofMarine Turtles and their habitats inthe South East Asian Region.

– India had signed the MOU on 20th

February 2007.– Marine Turtles are migratory visitors

to India, especially along the EastCoast of India.

– Five species of Marine Turtles(including Olive Ridley Turtles) areincluded in the Schedule-I of theWildlife (Protection) Act, 1972thereby according them fullprotection.

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– Their nesting habitats have beendeclared Protected Areas.

– Dugong MOU

– The MOU aims at betterconservation and management ofDugongs (Dugong dugon) and theirhabitats through out their Range.

– India had signed the MOU on 28th

May 2008.– Dugongs are found in the Indian

waters, from Gujarat to Andaman& Nicobar Islands.

– Dugongs are included in theSchedule-I of the Wildlife (Protection)Act, 1972 thereby according themfull protection.

– Their important habitats have beendeclared Protected Areas.

– India had organized an InternationalWorkshop on Conservation ofDugongs during June 2011 inTuticorin, Tamil Nadu.

UNESCO-World Heritage Convention(WHC)

– Aiming to list and conserve the world'sheritage sites (Cultural, Natural & Mixed)

– The Convention was adopted by the

United Nations Educational,Scientific & Cultural Organization(UNESCO) in 1972. India hadsigned the Convention on 14th

November, 1977.– Identification, nomination &management of Natural HeritageSites are being handled byMinistry of Environment & Forests.– Sites of outstanding value tohumanity that are to be protectedand preserved for posterity areconsidered as World HeritageSites.– "natural heritage" consist ofnatural features consisting ofphysical and biological formationsor groups of such formations,

which are of outstanding universal valuefrom aesthetic or scientific point of view;geological and physiographicalformations and precisely delineated areaswhich constitute the habitat of threatenedspecies of animals and plants ofoutstanding universal value from point ofview of science or conservation; and/ ornatural sites.

– Five natural sites declared as WorldHeritage Sites. In addition, Valley ofFlowers was included in the WorldHeritage list as an extension to theNanda Devi National Park. The list ofsuch sites are as given below:

Natural World Heritage Sites in India

– Kaziranga National Park (1985)– Keoladeo National Park (1985)– Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1985)– Nanda Devi National Park (1988) &

Valley of Flowers in 2005 as an extensionof Nanda Devi.

– Sundarbans National Park (1987)The Manas Wildlife Sanctuary was

inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1985and was put on the "List of World Heritage

Fig-35. Sarus Crane (Grus antigone) with Great Egret (Egretta alba)

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Sites in Danger" on account of the socialproblems in the area, in 1992. An improvingpolitical situation in the 2000s and thesigning of the Autonomous Bodoland Territorial

Council under the Bodo Accord (2003)brought back normalcy to the region, andbegan the process of local communities'involvement in pro-conservation activities.

Table-16. State-wise details of the Protected Area Network of the country

S. No.

State/UT No. of National Parks

No. of Wildlife Sanctuaries

No. of Conservation Reserves

No. of Community Reserves

1 Andhra Pradesh 6 21 0 0 2 Arunachal Pradesh 2 11 0 0 3 Assam 5 18 0 0 4 Bihar 1 12 0 0 5 Chhattisgarh 3 11 0 0 6 Goa 1 6 0 0 7 Gujarat 4 23 1 0 8 Haryana 2 8 2 0 9 Himachal Pradesh 5 32 0 0 10 Jammu &Kashmir 4 15 34 0 11 Jharkhand 1 11 0 0 12 Karnataka 5 22 2 1 13 Kerala 6 16 0 1 14 Madhya Pradesh 9 25 0 0 15 Maharashtra 6 35 1 0 16 Manipur 1 1 0 0 17 Meghalaya 2 3 0 0 18 Mizoram 2 8 0 0 19 Nagaland 1 3 0 0 20 Orissa 2 18 0 0 21 Punjab 0 12 1 2 22 Rajasthan 5 25 3 0 23 Sikkim 1 7 0 0 24 Tamil Nadu 5 21 1 0 25 Tripura 2 4 0 0 26 Uttar Pradesh 1 23 0 0 27 Uttaranchal 6 6 2 0 28 West Bengal 5 15 0 0 29 Andaman & Nicobar 9 96 0 0 30 Chandigarh 0 2 0 0 31 Dadar & Nagar Haweli 0 1 0 0 32 Lakshadweep 0 1 0 0 33 Daman & Diu 0 1 0 0 34 Delhi 0 1 0 0 35. Pondicherry 0 1 0 0 TOTAL 102 515 47 4

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Since then, concerted efforts from the localpeople, State Government and CentralGovernment, has lead to the World HeritageCommittee to take a decision to remove thesite from the 'List of danger'. Incidentally, thisis the only heritage site in danger list, out of16 natural sites in danger list in the world,that has been decided by the UNESCOWorld Heritage Committee to be taken off theDanger List. This way, India's prestige in theworld conservation history has beensubstantially enhanced. The internationalcommunity has also appreciated the concertedefforts of India and has noted that othercountries managing World Heritage Sites inDanger list could learn a good lesson fromthe Indian experience to enhance theprotection and management of their sites.

International Whaling Commission(IWC)

– Set up under the International Conventionfor the Regulation of Whaling.

– India is a Party to the IWC since 9th

March, 1981– The main duty of the IWC is to keep

under review and revise as necessarythe measures laid down in the Scheduleto the Convention which govern theconduct of whaling throughout the world

– India has played a pro-active andprominent role in bringing about amoratorium on commercial whaling andhas played a prominent role in supportingthe Commission in its efforts towardsconservation of such species.

– All the Cetacean species (Whales,dolphins etc) have been included inSchedule I of the Wildlife (Protection)Act, 1972 thereby giving them thehighest degree of protection.

CS - Wildlife Institute of India,Dehradun

Wildlife Institute of India (WII) wasestablished in 1982 under the Ministry ofEnvironment & Forests. Subsequently it was

granted autonomous status by Govt. of Indiain 1986. The Institute has emerged as apremier training and research institution in thefield of wildlife and protected area managementin South and South East Asia. Its mandate isto generate quality information and knowledge

Table-17. State-wise release of fund underCSS- 'Integrated Development of WildlifeHabitats' 2010-11(31.12.2011)

(Rs. in lakhs)S. Name of Amt.No. States/UTs. Released

1 Andaman & Nicobar Island 127.062. Andhra Pradesh 71.503. Bihar 004. Chandigarh 19.985. Chhattisgarh 190.646 Dadar Nagar Haveli 007. Daman & Diu 008. Goa 009. Gujarat 1126.5910. Haryana 23.5011. Himachal Pradesh. 242.110412. Jammu & Kashmir 355.46513. Jharkhand 46.747514. Karnataka 212.8715. Kerala 573.1816. Madhya Pradesh 405.73917. Maharashtra 298.74318. Orissa 218.392919. Rajasthan 249.14320. Tamil Nadu 227.0121. Uttar Pradesh 187.29122. Uttarakhand 201.14423. West Bengal 112.1524. Punjab 00

Total 4889.2558

North-Eastern States26 Arunachal Pradesh 168.1127 Assam 234.1728 Manipur 86.6529 Meghalaya 35.03930. Mizoram 83.8031 Nagaland 23.04332 Sikkim 131.79333 Tripura 00

Total 762.605Grand Total 5651.8608

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products in wildlife science and mainstream itin capacity building programmes for varioustarget groups and provide advisory support toCentral and State Govt.

Central Zoo Authority

The Central Zoo Authority (CZA) with itsheadquarters in New Delhi was establishedin 1992 under the provisions of the Wild Life(Protection) Act, 1972 to oversee thefunctioning of zoos in the country with theview to enhance their role in conservation.Central Zoo Authority is a twelve- Memberbody. Minister of State (IC), Environment &Forests, Government of India is the ex- officioChairman of the Central Zoo Authority andMember Secretary, Central Zoo Authority isthe Chief Executive Officer of the Authority.

For carrying out functions of the CentralZoo Authority, two committees namelyAdministrative Committee under theChairmanship of Director General of Forests& Special Secy. and Technical Committeeunder the Chairmanship of Additional DirectorGeneral of Forests (Wildlife) and one ExpertGroup on Zoo Designing, have been formedwith Member Secretary as 'convenor' foradvising the authority on improvement of thezoos. The functions assigned to the Authorityunder the Wild Life (Protection) Act are:

(a) To specify the minimum standards forhousing, upkeep and veterinary care ofthe animals kept in zoos;

(b) To evaluate and assess the functioning ofthe zoos with respect to the prescribedstandards or norms;

(c) To recognize or derecognize zoos;(d) To identify endangered species of wild

animals for purposes of captive breedingand assigning responsibility in this regardto a zoo;

(e) To coordinate the acquisition, exchangeand loaning of animals for breedingpurpose;

(f) To ensure maintenance of studbooks ofendangered species of wild animals

bred in captivity;(g) To identify priorities and themes with

regard to display of captive animals inzoos;

(h) To coordinate training of zoo personnelin India and outside India;

(i) To coordinate research in captivebreeding and educational programmesfor the purposes of zoos;

(j) To provide technical and other assistanceto zoos for their proper managementand development on scientific lines;

(k) To perform such other functions as maybe necessary to carry out the purposesof this Act with regard to zoos.

Finance

The Central Zoo Authority has receivedRs.1,735 lakhs during the financial year2011-12 as Grants-in-Aid from Ministry ofEnvironment & Forests, Government of India.Out of this, Rs.11.69 lakhs have been releasedas Grants-in-Aid to public sector zoos andother organizations as on 31st January, 2012

Accounts and audits

Accounts of the Central Zoo Authoritywill be audited by the Scientific Departmentsof the Comptroller & Auditor General ofIndia, New Delhi.

Recognition of Zoo Rules, 2009

The Central Zoo Authority is revising theevaluation format of the zoos in order toensure performance of the zoos vis-à-visRecognition of Zoo Rules, 2009. Two moreamendment are also proposed in Recognitionof Zoo Rules, 2009 to revise the criteria ofclassification of zoos and constitution of ZooFoundation by each zoo to have provisionploughing back the revenue generated byzoo for development activities.

Evaluation of zoos

The Central Zoo Authority evaluatedfour large, six Medium, 17 small and 14 minizoos, five rescue centre and 22 circuses ason 31st January 2012.

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Recognition/ de-recognition of zoos

The Central Zoo Authority providedrecognition to four large, six Medium, 17small and 14 mini zoos, five rescue centreand 22 circuses as on 31st January, 2012.There are 198 recognized zoos (includingcircuses) in the country.

Conservation Breeding Programme

The Central Zoo Authority is coordinatingplanned Conservation Breeding Programmeof 73 identified critically endangered wildanimal species in Indian zoos. During thefinancial year 2011-12, the Central ZooAuthority has released Rs. 7.52 lakhs toPadmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Parkfor conservation breeding programme ofHimalayan Salamender, Darjeeling; Rs. 22.18lakhs to Jammu & Kashmir Forest Departmentfor Hangul Conservation Breeding Centre;Rs. 2.44 lakhs for the Biologist and Keeperto Sepahikala ZP; Rs. 4.818 lakhs to PadmajaNaidu Himalayan Zoological Park, Darjeelingfor Snow leopard and Red panda CBP forinstallation of night vision cameras formonitoring purpose: Rs.96.83 lakhs toPadmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Parkfor establishing breeding facility for pheasantsat Kurseong Dow hill; Rs. 11.51 lakhs toBiological Park Itanagar, Arunachal Pradeshfor Hoolock Gibbon Coservation BreedingProgramme to meet recurring expenditure on

feed and salary for biologist and keeper;Additional grant of Rs. 2.719 for constructionof storing facility to Sepahijala ZP forConservation Breeding facility ; Rs. 14.0lakhs to Nandankanan Zoological Park forconservation Breeding of Indian Pangolinunder research mode and installation ofmonitoring cameras; Rs. 43.24 lakhs toAssam State Zoo Guwahati for establishingConservation Breeding Facility for Goldenlangur and Rs. 89.20 lakhs to NagalandForest Department for the ConservationBreeding facility at old zoo Kohima,Nagaland for Blyth's Tragopan.

Target is to have atleast 100 properlybred and genetically, physically andbehaviorally healthy individuals of eachtargetted species in captivity in India forproper display and as insurance for futureexigencies.

Exchange/Transfer of animals by zoos

Twenty one exchange proposals ofanimals between Indian zoos and 8 exchangeproposals between Indian and foreign zooshave been approved by the authority duringthe year 2011-12.

Maintenance of Studbooks

The Central Zoo Authority is compilingthe National studbooks/animal profiles of 44species taken up under the Conservation

Breeding Programme.The Wildlife Institute ofIndia, Dehradun hassubmitted final report tozoos and CZA onpreparation andupdating the Nationalstudbooks of 14 of 44identified wild animalspecies.

Theme/ Planning inzoos

The Central ZooAuthority is assistingFig-36. Leopard (Panthera pardus) at National Zoological park

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recognized zoos in finalization of Masterplans for detailed long term futuredevelopment. The Central Zoo Authority hasreceived 163 detailed Master Plans as on31st January, 2012. The CZA is alsoreviewing the previously granted approvalfor master layout plans of 43 zoos andmaster plan of the 13 zoos to ensure themore insight of CZA for better developmentof the zoos.

During the current financial year; CZAhas approved layout plan of the 18 zoos.

Human Resource Development

During the current financial year, theCZA had organized following trainingprogramme for the human resourcedevelopment in the zoos:

– The Central Zoo Authority in collaborationwith Nehru Zoological Park, Hyderabadorganized a workshop on "Landscapeplanning and zoo designing" for the zooDirectors working in the zoos atHyderabad from 2nd November to 6thNovember 2011. This workshop alsohad one day back to back workshop on"various aspects of master planning ofzoos" on 6th November, 2011. Altogether65 zoo directors attend the meeting.

– A workshop on "Landscape planningand zoo designing" is being organizedfor zoo architects/engineers at NewDelhi in collaboration with School ofPlanning and Architectural, New Delhifrom February from 24th -26th February,2012.

– The Central Zoo Authority in collaborationwith National Institute of Animal Welfare,Ballabhgarh organized a trainingprogramme on "Different aspects ofanimal welfare in zoos" for the lowerlevel of personnel working in the zoosat Ballabhgarh from 9-14th May, 2011.

– The Central Zoo Authority organizedtraining programme on "ZIMS software"

at Chandigarh from 9-13th January 2012for the record keepers of 21 selectedzoos in collaboration with MC ZoologicalPark, Chhatbir, Chandigarh. Resourcepersons from ISIS imparted the trainingto the participants.

– A workshop for the zoo educators on"Conservation and zoo education" isbeing organized at Bhopal incollaboration with Van Vihar National &Zoo from 27th February-1st March 2012.

– A stakeholders workshop for the zooveterinarian and directors on"Standardization of animal diet in Indianzoos" was organized at NAAS Complexof ICAR, New Delhi in collaborationwith Indian Veterinary Research Institute,Bareilly on 30th January 2012. Morethan 20 participants attended themeeting.

– The Central Zoo Authority providedfinancial assistance to zoos organized 2week training programme at Tirupati(01st -14th August, 2011), Sakkarbaugh(16th - 30th January, 2012), Agartala(12th -26th September, 2011) andBhubaneswar (16 - 29th December, 2011)for the zoo keepers on "Management ofcarnivores in captivity" on regional basis.More than 100 zoo keepers attended thetraining programme.

– The Central Zoo Authority sponsored Dr.V Srinivas, Veterinary Officer, IndiraGandhi, Zoological Park, Vishakapatnamwas deputed & sponsored by CZA forattending the Endangered SpeciesRecovery Course organized by the DurrellWildlife Conservation Trust, Jersey UKduring 11 to 29th July, 2011.

– Shri B.S. Bonal, Member Secretary,Central Zoo Authority attended 6th

meeting of the WAZA & CBSG held atPrague, Czeck Republic 29th September-6th October, 2011.

– The Central Zoo Authority has deputedand sponsored the Director, National

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Zoological Park (NZP) Delhi for attending7th International WAZA Zoo and AquariumMarketing Conference held at GrandbyZoo, Canada from 13th-15th June 2011.

Research

The Central Zoo Authority has awardedsmall grant research project of grant ofRs.5.13 lakh to Padmaja Naidu HimalayanZoological Park to conduct study on RedPanda for duration of two year. The WildlifeInstitute of India has completed the studbookproject for 14 endangered species onpreparing and maintenance of the studbooks.Vulture Conservation Breeding Centre Pinjorehas drafted a manual on ConservationBreeding of Vultures which is being printedand will be circulated to zoos.

The Central Zoo Authority has approveda proposal on preparing the manualManagement of Birds in captivity" whichwould papers from various expert

The Central Zoo Authority has draftedguidelines for the better management of zoosfollowing subject and same are under theconsideration of approval by the Ministry:

– Guidelines for Developing FrameworkMechanism for Mobilizing CorporateFinancial Support for SupplementingManagement of Zoos.

– Guidelines for the Utilization of Volunteerin Zoo Management in India

– Prioritizing Grant for Financial AssistanceTo Zoos

– Prioritization of the species to be takenup under the Conservation BreedingProgramme

– Protocol for transport of wild animals– Guidelines for the housing of Exotic

animals in India

Improvement of zoos

The Central Zoo Authority convenedmeeting of the Technical Committee during thecurrent financial year on 8th June (58th Meeting),

20th September (59th Meeting) and 14th

December 2011 (60th Meeting) and 21st

February 2012 (61st Meeting) to discuss theproposal on improvement in zoos, conservationbreeding programme, research and trainings,and approval of master plan apart from theother policy level issues. The Expert Group onConservation Breeding had its three sittings on28th July, 2011 (3rd Meeting), 24th October2011 (4th Meeting), and 6th January 2012 (5th

Meeting) to discuss the various proposal onConservation Breeding and preparingguidelines on Conservation BreedingProgramme. The Expert Group on ConservationBreeding convened its meeting on 28-29th

April 2011 (21st Meeting), 2nd June 2011(22nd Meeting), 1-2nd August 2011 (23rd

Meeting), 6th September (24th Meeting), 17th

October (25th Meeting), 12th December 2011(26th Meeting) and 16th February 2012 (27th

Meeting) to approve the design of theenclosures to be constructed in Indian zoosand to recommend the approval of master layout plan of the zoos.

Other activities carried out during theyear

The Central Zoo Authority has providedan amount of Rs.424.12 lakh for maintenanceincluding feed and medicines etc. to 7 rescuecentres created at Bangalore, Chennai,Tirupathi, Visakhapatnam, Bhopal, Jaipur andSouth Khairabari (West Bengal) for largenumber of lions, tigers, leopards, bears andmonkeys rescued from the circuses forrehabilitation.

National Tiger ConservationAuthority (NTCA)Introduction and Objective

The Centrally Sponsored Scheme "ProjectTiger" was launched in April, 1973 with theobjective "to ensure maintenance of a viablepopulation of Tigers in India for scientific,economic, aesthetic, cultural and ecologicalvalues, and to preserve for all times, areas

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of biological importance as anational heritage for the benefit,education and enjoyment ofthe people".

Progress/achievementmade during the year

– Relocation of villagesfrom the core/critical tigerhabitats, as notified bytiger States, for securing'inviolate space' for tigersvis-à-vis recommendationsof the Tiger Task Force,with an enhancedpackage of Rs. 10 lakhsper family. Based onscientific, empirical data,it has been establishedthat a minimum inviolate area of 800-1200 sq.km. is required for maintaininga viable population of tiger. As reportedby States, there are 762 villages/settlements in the core/critical tigerhabitats of the country with 48,549families.

– Raising, arming, deploying andmaintaining the Special TigerProtection Force in 13 sensitive tigerreserves, which interalia, forms thebudget announcement of the FinanceMinister in February, 2008. This isimperative to step up protection in tigerreserves in a professional manner (sofar, the STPF has been constituted onlyin Karnataka for Nagarahole; fundingsupport has been provided to UP,Uttarakhand and Rajasthan whereprocess of constituting the same isongoing. Funding has also been providedto Orissa for STPF constitution at SimilipalTiger Reserve).

– Use of information technology inwildlife crime prevention. A pilot initiativehas been done in the Corbett TigerReserve, which needs to be replicated in

other sensitive tiger reserves as well.– Addressing the issue of livelihood

dependency in the fringes of core/critical tiger habitats by supporting theStates for managing the buffer/peripheralareas of tiger reserves as a multiple usezone through village level participatoryplanning for ecodevelopment withreciprocal commitments (out of 40 tigerreserves 25 have notified buffer area.

– Strengthening infrastructure in tigerreserves (support for patrolling camps,civil works, wireless communication,water impoundment).

– Addressing man-wildlife conflictsto prevent revenge killings, capacitybuilding of frontline personnel.

– Launching tiger reserve level monitoringof tiger and its prey (Phase-IV).

– Approval of CCEA obtained in August,2011 for enhanced allocation towardsvillage relocation, besides incorporatingnew components. The Revised CostEstimate of Project Tiger was approvedas Rs. 1216.86 crore during the XI Planfrom the earlier Rs. 650 crore of centralassistance.

Fig-37. Tiger (Panthera tigris) in natural habitat

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– New Components:

– Change in the funding pattern inrespect of North Eastern States byincreasing the central share fromthe existing 50% to 90% forRecurring Expenditure, with theStates' share becoming 10%. Theongoing support for Non-RecurringExpenditure would continue to be100%.

– Raising compensation for man-animal conflict to Rs. 2 lakhs in caseof loss of human life, 30 per centof the same for grievous injury andcost of treatment for minor injury.

– Acquisition of private land formaking the core/critical tiger habitatinviolate.

– Establishment of Tiger Safari,interpretation/awareness centresunder the existing component of'co-existence agenda in buffer/fringe areas', and management ofsuch centres through the respectivePanchayati Raj Institutions.

– Re-introduction of Cheetah in theStates of Madhya Pradesh andRajasthan under the Scheme at acost of Rs. 50 crore after ensuringthe historical co-existence of Cheetahwith other carnivores, especially thetiger.

– The NTCA has been strengthened /decentralized with three Regional Offices.There is a need for strengthening theRegional Offices of the NTCA at Nagpur,Guwahati and Bengaluru (AIGs postedat Nagpur and Bengaluru RegionalOffices. Process is underway for postingIGFs in the three Regional Offices, besidesan AIG at Guwahati).

– Declaring and consolidated newtiger reserves. The Project Tigercoverage has expanded with 40 tigerreserves spread out in 17 States with the

core areas amounting to almost 1% of thecountry's geographical area. In principleapproval have been accorded by theNTCA for the following five tiger reserves:i) Pilibhit (Uttar Pradesh), ii) Ratapani(Madhya Pradesh), iii) Sunabeda(Orissa), iv) Mukundara Hills (includingDarrah, Jawahar Sagar and ChambalWildlife Sanctuaries) (Rajasthan), v) andKudremukh (Karnataka). The NTCA hasaccorded final approval for declaring anew tiger reserve namely 'Kawal' inAndhra Pradesh for which notification isawaited from the State.

– Besides, the States have been advisedto send proposals for declaring thefollowing areas as Tiger Reserves:i) Bor (Maharashtra), ii) Suhelwa (UttarPradesh), iii) Nagzira-Navegaon(Maharashtra) iv) Satyamangalam (TamilNadu), v) Guru Ghasidas National Park(Chhattisgarh), vi) Mhadei Sanctuary(Goa) and vii) Srivilliputhur GrizzledGiant Squirrel / Megamalai WildlifeSanctuaries / Varushanadu Valley (TamilNadu).

– Detailed revised guidelines have beenissued for the implementation of ProjectTiger and relocation of villages vis-à-visthe provisions of the Wildlife (Protection)Act, 1972 and the Scheduled Tribes andOther Forest Dwellers (Recognition ofForest Rights) Act, 2006.

– The Special Tiger Protection Force (STPF)has been deployed at Bandipur andNagarahole Tiger Reserve in Karnataka.

All India Tiger Estimation (2010)

The second round of country levelassessment (2010) relating to status of tigers,co-predators and their prey was released on28th July, 2011. This is a sequel to thepreliminary findings released in March thisyear. This study reports a countrywide increaseof 20% in tiger numbers in 2010 with anestimated number of 1706 (1520-1909).

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The 2006 estimation was 1411 (1165 -1657) tigers.

Management Effectiveness Evaluationof Tiger Reserves

The second round of independentassessment based on refined criteria wasdone in 2010-11 for 39 tiger reserves. Thisassessment is based on the globally usedframework, as adapted to Indian conditions.Five independent teams conducted theevaluation using 30 indicators. The frameworkconsists of 6 elements: context, planning,inputs, process, outputs and outcomes. The39 tiger reserves were grouped in samelandscape clusters as done in tiger estimation.An additional category comprising of tigersin 'red corridor' has been included, besides

a separate category for reserves where tigershave gone locally extinct. Out of 39 tigerreserves, 15 were rated as 'very good', 12as 'good', 8 as 'satisfactory' and 4 as 'poor'.28 tiger reserves were compared with theMEE ratings of 2005-06. It is inferred thatthe 'very good' category increased by 4%,'good' category increased by 3% and'satisfactory' decreased by 7%.

Regulatory Acts/Rules governing theprogram and promulgation of newActs, if any, along with the details.

The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, isthe main regulatory Act governing theprogram. The said Act has been amendedin 2006 to provide a separate Chapter (IVB)for strengthening tiger conservation.

Table-18. Plan Expenditure as on 30th December, 2011(Rs. in crores)

S. No. Budget Head BE Expenditure

Percentage expenditure

w.r.t. BE

Project Tiger Scheme

1. 3601 (assistance to States excluding North Eastern Region) Grants-in-aid General

104.90 104.899 100

2. 3601 (assistance to States excluding North Eastern Region) Grants for Creation of Capital Assets

10.00 10.00 100

3. 3601 (assistance to States excluding North Eastern Region) Scheduled Tribe Sub Plan

10.00 10.00 100

4. 3601 (assistance to States excluding North Eastern Region) Scheduled Castes Sub Plan

6.00 6.00 100

5. 2552 (assistance to North Eastern Region) 14.10 14.096 100

6. 2406 (National Tiger Conservation Authority) Grants-in-aid General

4.71 Nil Nil

7. 2406 (National Tiger Conservation Authority) Grants for Creation of Capital Assets

10.00 10.00 100

Total 159.71 154.995 97.05

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Table-19. Amount released during 2011-12 for Centrally Sponsored Scheme Project Tiger(as on 29.02.2012)

(Rs. in lakhs)S. No. Tiger Reserve States Release of Ist

installment1. Nagarjunasagar Andhra Pradesh 154.4062. Namdapha Arunachal Pradesh 75.0003. Pakke Arunachal Pradesh 161.7864. Kaziranga Assam 426.91685. Manas Assam 479.6206. Nameri Assam 40.9727. Valmiki Bihar 172.1938. Achanakmar Chhattisgarh 494.5869. Indravati Chhattisgarh 106.13010. Udanti-Sitanadi Chhattisgarh 102.01011. Palamau Jharkhand 156.34712. Bandipur Karnataka 213.950413. Bhadra Karnataka 215.882214. Dandeli-Anshi Karnataka 159.20415. Nagarahole Karnataka 1123.13316. Biligiri Ranganath Temple Karnataka 118.48017. Periyar Kerala 211.37018. Bandhavgarh Madhya Pradesh 1341.23719. Kanha Madhya Pradesh 1969.67020. Panna Madhya Pradesh 284.79621. Pench Madhya Pradesh 191.53022. Sanjay-Dubri Madhya Pradesh 92.67323. Satpura Madhya Pradesh 310.805624. Melghat Maharashtra 973.57925. Pench Maharashtra 280.81826. Tadoba-Andhari Maharashtra 2320.548527. Sahyadri Maharashtra 47.39628. Dampa Mizoram 225.28829. Satkosia Orissa 118.40830. Similipal Orissa 436.668131. Ranthambhore Rajasthan 0.60032. Sariska Rajasthan 0.00033. Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tamil Nadu 149.12834. Mudumalai Tamil Nadu 191.58335. Corbett Uttarakhand 319.38936. Buxa West Bengal 135.66037. Sunderbans West Bengal 22.00038. Dudhwa Uttar Pradesh 337.497539. Anamalai Tamil Nadu 204.55640 Parambikulam Kerala 133.710

TOTAL 14499.5259

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Budget allocation of the schemeduring the year and progress ofexpenditure till date

Details are given in Table-18.

Implementing organization along withdetails

The Project is implemented in designatedtiger reserves through respective StateGovernments, as a Centrally SponsoredScheme. Amount released during 2011-12for the Centrally Sponsored Scheme of ProjectTiger is at Table-19.

Animal WelfareThe Animal Welfare Board of India

(AWBI) (Plan) Scheme relates to provision ofassistance for the following type of activities:Financial assistance to Animal WelfareOrganisations for maintaining the strayanimals in distress and for their treatment.(Financial assistance based on the number ofanimals kept for their fodder, water, minortreatment etc). Human Education Programmesfor the welfare of animals implemented bythe AWBI as well as support to AWOs forthis purpose. Capital expenditure at theBoard's Headquarters i.e. expenditure onnon-recurring items such as purchase ofAssets/equipments. Expenditure on a varietyof other animal welfare activities such asRescue of Cattle from illegal smuggling andtransportation, rehabilitation of rescued circusanimals, Lab Animals, inspections, Legalexpenses in connection with court casespertaining to animal welfare, Mobile Clinics.

Scheme for Provision of Shelter Housesfor animals

There are a large number of animals inour country without proper shelter especiallyin Goshalas/Pinjrapoles. A number of themare not cared for and are left in the streets,either wounded or suffering from variousdiseases. Though there are shelter housesoperating at various places, their number isnot adequate and the facilities provided are

insufficient. This scheme endeavours to fillthis gap and provide requisite services for thecare and protection of uncared for animalsby making provision for establishment andmaintenance of shelter houses to variousNGOs, AWOs, Goshalas etc.– Under this Scheme, the AWOs are

assisted to the extent of 90% of theproject cost of the construction of ashelter house with a ceiling of Rs. 25lakhs including 10% contribution to bemade by the AWOs. The amount isreleased in two equal installments.

Scheme for Animal Birth Control (ABC)and Immunization of stray dogs

Keeping in view the overpopulation ofstray dogs throughout the country and alsothe increase of human/animal conflict, deathsdue to Rabies, this scheme was beingimplemented by the Animal Welfare Boardof India to facilitate sterilization andimmunization of stray dogs through the NGOsincluding SPCAs throughout the country. TheLocal Governments/Municipal bodies arealso showing increased keenness to becomestakeholders in the programme. Presentlyseveral Municipalities (such as Delhi, GreaterHyderabad) has entered MOU with AWBI totackle the population with the objective tomake the country "Rabies free". There is anurgent need to expand this scheme to covermore Metros & rural areas to address theissue effectively. Under the scheme, thenorms for financial assistance are atRs. 370/- per dog for pre & postoperative care including medicines &ARV and Rs. 75/- per dog for catchingand relocation of dog (Total Rs. 445/- per dog).

Scheme for provision of AmbulanceServices to Animals in Distress.

Under this Scheme, Ambulance/RescueVehicles are provided to the NGOs/AWOs/ Gaushalas working in the field of animalwelfare. The ambulance services are to be

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used for the following purposes:– to ensure that immediate treatment

/ first aid is given to sick, injuredstray / abandoned animals;

– to act as an outreach to help thepoor people whose animals areinvolved in accidents or affectedwith disease and are immobile;

– to act as mobile clinic to holdcamps where animals in a villagecan be vaccinated and treated;

– to pick up unwanted or hostileanimals from human habitations;

– to implement the ABC/ARprogramme by collecting dogs andthen releasing them after sterilizationand immunization;

Under this scheme the NGOs/AWOs/Gaushalas are assisted to the extent of 90%project cost for purchase of a suitable vehicleand equipment, modifications and fittingsthereon. The maximum amount of grant-in-aid is limited to Rs. 3.50 lakhs for purchaseof the vehicle and Rs. 1.00 lakhs forequipment, modification and fittings thereon.

Scheme for Relief to Animals duringNatural Calamities and UnforeseenCircumstances

Natural calamities are faced every yearin the form of floods, cyclones, droughts andearthquakes. In such circumstances there isan immediate requirement for the provisionof relief to affected animals by providingfodder, adequate shelter, medical attentionotherwise the animals would perish. Apartfrom this, the financial assistance to someother Natural disaster such as Tsunami,earthquake, etc. is being provided under thesaid scheme. It is proposed to extension offinancial assistance to AWOs, StateGovernments/UTs, local bodies working inthe affected areas for providing relief to theanimals affected during natural calamitiesand for relief of animals rescued from illegaltransportation, slaughter, circuses etc. is alsounder consideration.– Financial assistance to AWOs / NGOs

is proposed to route through State AnimalWelfare Board (SAWB)and Society forPrevention of Cruelty to Animals(SPCAs)at State and District level respectively.

Fig-38. Scheme for Relief to Animals during Natural Calamities and Unforeseen Circumstances

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Animal Welfare Division also handlesfollowing two schemes:– Committee for Purpose of Control and

Supervision of Experiments on Animals(CPCSEA)

– National Institute of Animal Welfare(NIAW)

Committee for Purpose of Control &Supervision of Experiments onAnimals (CPCSEA)

The main objective of the Prevention ofCruelty to Animals Act (PCA), 1960 is toprevent infliction of unnecessary pain orsuffering on animals. Accordingly, theCommittee for Purpose of Control andSupervision of Experiments on Animals(CPCSEA) has been constituted underprovisions of Section 15 of this Act. The Actprovides for the duties and powers of theCPCSEA, and also penalties, in event ofcontravention of orders made, or conditionsimposed by the Committee. The mandate ofthe Committee is to ensure that whileconducting various types of experiments, inconnection with medical research oreducation, animals are not subjected toavoidable pain or suffering. The CPCSEAfunctions within the ambit of the PCA Act,and Rules frame under it e.g. Rules forBreeding of and Experiments on Animals(Control and Supervision), 1998 as amended.

CPCSEA has been reconstituted on 11th

November 2010 as a committee of expertsfrom several areas, including medicine,veterinary science, pharmaceuticals,biotechnology, biostatistics, animal behaviorand ethics. Apart from this, representative ofNGOs/AWOs are also associated withCPCSEA with the approval of Hon'bleMinister. A total of 1603 institutions havebeen registered by CPCSEA and 492CPCSEA nominees have been appointed toassist the Committee in its functions. Duringthis financial year, 231 project proposals onlarge animals have been received and 85have been approved and 4 large animal

house facilities have been approved. CPCSEAgiven financial assistance to 6 establishmentfor conducting workshop for increasingawareness to prevent the cruelty on animals.National Institute of Animal Welfare(NIAW)

The National Institute of Animal Welfare(NIAW) has been set up as a subordinateoffice of the Ministry of Environment andForests. The objective of NIAW is to imparttraining and education in Animal Welfare ona diversified basis comprising, among otherthings, animal management, their behaviorand ethics. The aim is to create an enablingenvironment for fulfillment of the statutoryrequirements as laid down in the Preventionof Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960. NIAW hasbeen conceptualized as an apex body in thefield of animal welfare and its broad mandatecovers the need to improve animal welfarethrough education, research and publicoutreach. Steering Committee under theChairmanship of Secretary (E&F) reviewedthe functioning of NIAW in its meeting heldon 21st September 2011 and took numberof corrective measures to facilitate thefunctioning of the Institute.

NIAW is conducting different trainingcourses (In-service/ Internship training/Capacity building) for the differentStakeholders (Personnel from BSF/ ITBP/CZA, B.V. Sc. Students, (Dog Catchers/Gaushala Personnels/ Hon. Animal WelfareOfficers) associated with implementation ofvarious animal welfare schemes/ rules. Asper the Guidelines of VCI, the internshiptraining programme for 2011-12 has alreadystarted from October, 2011 for differentUniversities (Rajasthan Veterinary University,Bikaner, Bihar Veterinary College, GB Pant,Mathura). During this period 400 students,80 personnel of Paramilitary forces / Zoopersonnel and 210 NGOs / AWOsrepresentative including HAWOs of AWBIhave successfully completed different type(s)of training at NIAW. The other major

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initiative taken for practical training, capacitybuilding and Clinical skill, in association withNIB, Noida for PG students. IEC activitiesfor HAWOs / co-opted members of AWBIwere also conducted.Policy issues and possible options

The Animal Welfare Division proposesto lay emphasis on animal welfare activitiesduring the 11th Plan period inter-alia interms of:– Greater sensitization of all categories of

agencies/institutions regarding the needfor compliance with animal welfare laws.

– Dissemination of information throughMinistry's website (www.envfor.nic.in)and under the Right to Information Act,2005.

– Streamlining of procedures to facilitatecompliance with extant laws andprocedures and as a measure of goodgovernance.

– Opening up a meaningful dialogue withall affected constituents in a transparentmanner to facilitate policy changeswherever required.

– Continuing the efforts to ensure thatNational Institute of Animal Welfare(NIAW) grows in a stature and evolvesinto a prestigious body with internationalpresence.

– Recognition of the need to provide a firminstitutional basis to statutory bodiessuch as the CPCSEA.

– Recognition of the need for setting outimproved evaluation parameters to assessthe performance of ongoing AnimalWelfare Schemes.

– Improvement in management of AnimalWelfare Schemes as a part of the E-Governance initiative of the Ministry ofEnvironment &Forests.

– Focus on enhancing public awareness ofanimal welfare issues through greater

role of media and audio visual aids, asalso organizing direct outreachprogrammes, workshops and seminars.

– Greater participation in variousinternational forum to ensure a prominentrole for India in shaping the internationalpolicy perspective on animal welfareissues.

Programme issues and possibleoptions

The thrust areas that require focus aredescribed below:

Rabies is one of the most dreadfulinfectious diseases affecting both humanbeings and animals. Rabies is prevalentthroughout India except the islands ofLakshadweep and Andaman & Nicobar buthas a low public health priority. Consideringthat Rabies is fully preventable disease andthe huge expenditure incurred on post-exposure vaccination both in humans as wellas animals, there is an urgent need to controland finally eradicate this dreaded diseasefrom India as has been achieved by severalEuropean countries as well as South EastAsian countries like Malaysia and Singapore.

The AWBI is currently the only agencywhich is involved with controlling thepopulation of stray/community dogs throughits Animal Birth Control (ABC) Programmeand administering anti-rabies vaccinations(ARV) to them in some metros of the country.At present approximately 1,00,000 dogsare sterilized/immunized which is grosslyinadequate, given the population of streetdogs about 20 Million. Under the AnimalBirth Control scheme, the norms for financialassistance are at Rs. 370/- per dog for pre& post operative care including medicines &ARV and Rs. 75/- per dog for catching andrelocation of dog (Total Rs. 445/- per dog).AWBI has requested to enhance the presentcost of sterilization of dogs from Rs.445/- toRs.800/- to adopt latest technique and lesstime to recover the animal.

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WHO has also recommended controllingthe population of dogs through ABC/ARprogramme rather than killing them, which isinhumane and does not go well with ourcultural ethos of love & compassion foranimals. This policy also supports rules underPrevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960.(ABC Dogs Rules-2001).

An ambitious programme (Rabies freeIndia) of this nature will require appropriatesupport from the Planning Commission.Projections for supporting this programmehave been made in the following manner:– Central Sector Schemes - Provision of

Shelter Houses for Animals, Provisionfor Ambulance services to Animals inDistress and Animal Birth Control &Immunization of Stray Dogs will supportenhanced ABC operations. Thusadditional allocations for these threeCentral Sector Schemes are proposedon these grounds.

– Plan Fund heads - Humane Educationand Awareness, Oral Anti RabiesVaccinations, Capacity Building,Research and Monitoring will support

other elements of the Rabies ControlProgramme as described in the precedingparagraphs. Proposed allocations forthese have been modeled on the basisof needs of the Rabies Control Programmeas well as ongoing animal welfareactivities in the country that are inaddition to the Rabies control Programme.

Capacity Building - Gaushalas & ABC

The country's large population of stray/ abandoned cattle is supported by a networkof Gaushalas and Pinjrapoles, which are inturn provided several types of support by theAWBI. A number of these Gaushalas wereset up by philanthropists and individuals andgroups, which, though committed to thecause of animal welfare did not necessarilyhave the management and other capacitiesrequired for effective functioning. It is thereforedesirable that the AWBI should undertake aspecial drive over the year 2011-12 tomodernize Gaushalas and provide requisitetraining to Gaushala personnel. Similarly theVeterinary Doctors/ Para Veterinary staff/Animal Handlers are trained to undertake thenew technique of Surgery.

Table-20. Progress/Achievement made during 2011-12

Outlay (In

Lakhs)

Quantifiable deliverables

Achievement till 30.11.2011

BE 2012-13 (In Lakhs)

Quantifiable deliverables in

2012-13

AWBI Plan 875.00 900 AWO’s 104 AWOs 700.00 750 AWO’s

Shelter House 700.00 44 Shelter 3 Shelters 920.00 46 Shelter

ABC Scheme 375.00 110000 ABC’s 35506 445.00 110000 Operation

Ambulance Scheme 225.00 45 Ambulances 15 270.00 60 Ambulance

Natural Calamity 10.00 Cannot be fixed 5 AWOs 10.00 Can not be fixed

Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animal (CPCSEA)

40.00 Cannot be fixed 168 establishments were registered, 85 proposals approved for experiments, 4 Animal House Facilities approved

50.00 Can not be fixed

Nation Institute of Animal Welfare(NIAW)

175.00 26 Training Courses

20 Training Programme

125.00 20 Training Courses

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CPCSEA

It is proposed to step up the level ofactivities undertaken by CPCSEA in terms of– Expansion in the coverage of Institutions,

which are registered with CPCSEA;

– Emphasis on inspections of animal housefacilities throughout the country;

– Appointment of larger number ofnominees, who are on board theInstitutional Animals Ethics Committeesof various institutions;

– Imparting training to these CPCSEAnominees;

– Increasing the focus on public outreachby way of publications, media coverageand seminars, with special emphasis onthe scientific community, which relies onuse of animals in experimentation.

– Undertaking the IEC activities ( Seminarand other awareness programme)

National Institute of Animal Welfare(NIAW)

The activities of the Institute are expectedto grow significantly during 11th Five year2011-12 in following areas:– Scope and number of trainings.– Practical training for capacity building

and Clinical up gradation of VeterinaryDoctors/ Para Veterinary staff

– Introduction of specialized training in aphased manner with induction of facultyinstallation of equipment, upgradationof facilities (including provision for newhostels) as also functioning of an animalhospital and first-aid service throughMobile clinic.

– Activities to undertake Information,communication and Education to all thestakeholdersThe budget of 2011-12 and proposed

BE for 2012-13 along with physical target issummarized in Table-20.

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Environment Impact Assessment(EIA)Environment Impact AssessmentNotification 2006

The Environmental Impact Assessmenthas been used as a management tool tominimize adverse impacts of thedevelopmental projects on the environmentand to achieve sustainable developmentthrough timely, adequate, corrective andprotective mitigation measures. The Ministryof Environment and Forests (MoEF) has usedEnvironmental Impact Assessment Notification2006 as a major tool to regulate rapidindustrial development of the country forminimizing the adverse impact on environmentand reversing the trends which may lead toclimate change in long run.

The developmental projects have beenre-categorised into category 'A' and category'B' depending on their threshold capacityand likely pollution potential in the re-engineered Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) Notification of September 2006,requiring prior Environmental Clearance (EC)from MoEF or the concerned StateEnvironmental Impact Assessment Authorities(SEIAAs). Further the notification provided forscreening, scoping, public consultation andappraisal of project proposals.Amended EIA Notification 2009

With a view to further simplify theprocedure for obtaining the environmentalclearance without compromising or dilutingthe regulatory framework, the EIA notificationhas been amended in December, 2009. Itexempts the biomass based power plants upto 15 MW, power plants based on nonhazardous municipal solid waste and powerplants based on waste heat recovery boilerswithout using auxiliary fuel from the EC process.Environmental Clearance toDevelopmental Projects

As per the provisions of the EIA

Notification 2006, several meetings of theExpert Appraisal Committees were convenedby the Ministry during the year for appraisalof category "A" projects from sectors ofindustry, thermal power, infrastructure, rivervalley, mining and category "B" projects fromStates where SEIAAs have not beenconstituted/ reconstituted. As part of appraisalprocess, wherever required, the ExpertAppraisal Committees also visited projectsites for obtaining first hand information aboutthe ground level realities and response ofpeople living in the vicinity. EnvironmentalClearance (EC) was accorded to three hundredfifty three projects and Terms of Reference(TOR) were assigned to four hundred twentythree projects (between April to December,2011). The sector wise list of environmentalclearances and TOR issued to the projects bythe Ministry is given in the Table-21.

Constitution of State EnvironmentImpact Assessment Authorities (SEIAA)

The Ministry has so far constituted twentyseven State/UT level Environmental ImpactAssessment Authorities [SEIAA51/State ExpertAppraisal Committees (SEACs) under sub-section[3] of section 3 of the Environment[Protection] Act, 1986 for appraisal ofCategory 'B' projects and activities notifiedin the EIA Notification 2006.

Post Project Monitoring of EnvironmentClearance Conditions

The objectives of Post Project ClearanceMonitoring are (i) to ensure that actions havebeen taken to incorporate the environmentalsafeguards during the project cycle inaccordance with the conditions stipulated inthe Environmental Clearance letter; and (ii)to take appropriate corrective measures tocheck adverse impact on environment duringoperation of the respective projects. TheCategory 'B' projects which have beenaccorded environmental clearance by theSEIAAs/SEACs are also monitored forcompliance of the conditions.

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conditions stipulated in the environmentalclearance issued under EIA Notification 2006and Coastal Regulation Zone 2011 is carriedout through the six Regional Offices. Themonitoring report is scrutinized in the Ministryand on that basis appropriate action iscontemplated under the Environment(Protection) Act, 1986 for violation ofenvironmental clearance conditions. Aprocedure has been laid down for issuingshow cause notice, closure of industry etc. inSeptember 2009 which is placed on thewebsite of the Ministry.

Till December, 2011, six hundred twentyone projects have been monitored by theregional offices of the Ministry. Based on theobservations made during field visit, necessaryfollow up action has been taken with theproject proponents to ensure an effectivecompliance to the EC conditions. Themonitoring cell in the Ministry, besidesproviding policy guidelines to these regionaloffices, also examines the monitoring reportssubmitted by Regional Offices. In cases ofmajor non compliance further follow up

action is taken for effecting complianceincluding issue of show cause notice followedby directions on case to case basis.

Ministry had constituted a committee inDecember, 2009 under the chairmanship ofAdditional Secretary to examine themonitoring process adopted to checkcompliance with the stipulated conditionsand environmental safeguards prescribedwhile granting environmental clearance underEIA and CRZ Notifications and to suggesteffective monitoring mechanism. Thecommittee has since submitted its reportwhich has been accepted by the Government.

The Committee constituted under thechairmanship of Former Member Secretary,Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) withrepresentatives from the Regional Offices ofMoEF and CPCB to develop criteria andformulate guidelines for categorization ofnon-compliances into the category of seriousand not so serious submitted its report inSeptember, 2011. The report has been putin public domain on the website of Ministryto obtain comments/suggestions before itsfinalization.

Table-21. Status of Environment Clearance and TOR issued to Projects (April 2011- December2011)

S. Nature of the Project Cleared Pending Rejected/No. withdrawn

EC TOR EC TOR EC TOR

1. Industry 150 135 181 188 11 -

2. Thermal 27 81 36 34 4 1

3. River Valley and Hydroelectric 8 5 13 22 - -

4. Mining (Coal & Non Coal) 56 125 127 111 8 16

5. Infrastructure & Construction 112 74 119 22 - 20

6. Nuclear - 3 - - - -

Total 353 423 476 377 23 37

Note: EC - Environment Clearance TOR - Terms of Reference

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Accredition of the EIA consultantswith Quality Council of India (QCI)/National Accredition Board ofEducation and Training (NABET)

The Environmental Appraisal ofDevelopment projects is undertaken as perthe provisions of the Environmental ImpactAssessment Notification, 2006 based on theEIA/EMP Reports prepared by the projectproponents with the assistance of theirconsultants. Good quality EIA Reports are aprerequisite for appropriate decision making.Therefore, all the Consultants/public SectorUndertakings (PSUs) / Universities andResearch Institutes working in the area ofEnvironmental Impact Assessment wererequired to get themselves registered underthe scheme of Accredition and Registrationof the National Accredition Board of Educationand Training (NABET) and the Quality Councilof India (QCI) by 30th June, 2011. No EIA/EMP Reports prepared by such consultants

who are not registered with NABET/QCI arebeing considered by the Ministry after 30th

June, 2011.EIA Manuals

Expert Appraisal Committees at theCentre and State/UT Environmental ImpactAssessment Authorities (SEIAAs) and StateLevel Expert Appraisal Committees (SEACs)in the various States, have been assigned thetask of screening, scoping and appraisal ofprojects of various sectors for grant ofenvironmental clearance (EC). In order tohelp in standardizing the quality of appraisalSector specific Manuals have been preparedby the Ministry with the help of AdministrativeStaff College of India (ASCI), Hyderabadand the IL&FS Ecosmart Ltd., for the thirtyseven sectors/activities listed in the EIANotification 2006. They include Model TORs,technological options, processes for a cleanerproduction, waste minimization, monitoringof environmental quality, related regulations,

Fig-39. Leh, Ladakh

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and procedure of obtaining EC etc. and areserving as Guidance manual to the sectorspecific EACs.

The sectors covered include Mining,Airports, Ports & Harbours, Nuclear Poweretc. Thermal Power, Distilleries, Oil & Gastransportation pipeline, Oil Refineries,Petrochemical plants, Ship Breaking Yardsetc. The Manuals have been uploaded on thewebsite of the Ministry to not only give widerdissemination to all stakeholders but also toenhance transparency on the EC process.

Coastal Regulation Zone and Societyof Integrated Coastal Management(SICOM)

Ministry has issued the Coastal RegulationZone Notification, 2011 in supersession ofCoastal Regulation Zone Notification, 1991after a series of consultations with the variousstakeholders including the fishermencommunity.

The objective of the new Notification isto ensure livelihood security to fishing andother local communities living in coastalareas, to conserve/protect coastal stretchesand to promote development based onscientific principles.

The notification covers the categorizationof CRZ areas, permissible and prohibitedactivities, regulation of permissible activitiesin CRZ areas, procedure for clearance,preparation of Coastal Zone ManagementPlans, demarcation of hazard line along thecoastline including shoreline change, mappingand areas requiring special considerationetc.

The salient provisions of the 2011Notification are:– Water area up to 12 nautical miles and

the tidal influenced water bodies havebeen included under the CoastalRegulation Zone areas in order to:● control the discharge of untreated

sewage, effluents and the disposal of

solid wastes as such activitiesendanger the fish and their ecosystem;

● conserve and protect habitats in themarine area such as corals and coralreefs and associated biodiversity,marine sanctuaries and biospherereserves, sea grass beds etc., whichact as spawning, nursery and rearinggrounds for fish and fisheries;

● regulate activities in the marine andcoastal waters such as dredging,sand mining, discharge of wastefrom ships, construction like groynes,breakwaters, etc., includingreclamation which have seriousimpacts on fishing and alliedactivities;

● enable studies of the coastal andmarine waters with regard to theimpact of the climate change and theoccurrence of disasters which hasserious impacts on the livelihood andproperty of the fisher-folk communities;

● No restrictions are imposed on anyfishing activities and allied activitiesof the traditional fishing communitiesin this area.

– To invite comments on the draft CoastalZone Management Plan fromstakeholders. This will ensure that for thefirst time, local communities includingfishermen communities will have a sayin the preparation of the CZMPs.

– The notification allows infrastructuralfacilities for the local fishing communitiesto be constructed in the CRZ-III area.

– Port and harbour projects are notpermissible in high eroding stretchesexcept for defence projects.

Further, in view of the livelihood securityof coastal communities the Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests has initiated anIntegrated Coastal Zone Management Projectwith the World Bank assistance at an outlayof about Rs. 1153 crores. Under this project,

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various components including mangroveafforestation, coral restoration, shorelineprotection, hazard mitigation, alternativelivelihood are being implemented.

To implement the above project, Societyof Integrated Coastal Management (SICOM)has been established as a registered body.This Society will be implementing the CZMprojects having four major componentsnamely, (i) National Coastal ManagementProgramme, and three ICZM projects in threeStates namely, Gujarat, Orissa and WestBengal.

Under the National component thedemarcation of the hazard line has beenassigned to Survey of India for mapping theentire coastline of the country based on tides,waves, sea level rise and shoreline changes.In order to build a capacity in the country inthe area of coastal management a NationalCentre for Sustainable Coastal Managementhas been set up within Anna University,Chennai. The Centre would address theissues related to research & development,coastal management and coastal communities.In view of the historical importance of SaltSatyagraha undertaken at Dandi andsurrounding villages and at Vedaranyam byMahatma Gandhi and Shri Rajaji respectively,implementation of Integrated Coastal ZoneManagement Project at these places hasbeen undertaken as a major initiative bySICOM.

Under this project, the State levelcomponents are being implemented at Gulfof Kachchh in Gujarat (Rs.298 crores),Paradip-Dhamra and Gopalpur-Chilka stretchin Orissa (Rs.202crores) and Digha-Shankarpur and Sagar islands in WestBengal (Rs.300 crores). The Statecomponents address the issues relating tocoastal management including improvinglivelihood of the local communities, disastermitigation and promoting sustainablealternative livelihoods.

Study on carrying capacity basedplanning for proposed developmentin Goa

The regional carrying capacity study forGoa region being carried out by the IndianSchool of Mines (ISM), Dhanbad is aimed atdelineating a framework for economicdevelopment and decision making in miningsector based on assimilative capacityestimation. It is also inter-alia aimed ataddressing the regional environmentalmanagement planning with an underlyingobjective of enhancing the quality of life andto minimize the environmental and ecologicaldegradation. The project on Regional EIA ofmining belt of Goa region will assess theimpacts of the existing iron ore mines as wellas other mining activities along with othermajor anthropogenic activities (individuallyas well as cumulatively) for delineating theframework for the future mining activities inthe defined study area leading toenvironmentally sustainable development. Thebroad scope of studies are:– Identification of regions (core impacted

zone of air and water environment, landarea-administrative boundaries etc.)based on likely spatial impacts andhomogeneity/topography

– Assessment of current status of temporal& spatial pollution profiles of differentenvironmental components

– Delineation of sources of pollution andquantification of pollution loads for currentas well as future growth scenarios

– Characterization of environmental statusreceptors for selection of Hotspots andcalibration of predictive modelling

– Development of cause-impact frameworkfor predicting residual assimilativecapacity for the future growth scenarioswith and without mitigation options

– Assessment of congestion levels basedon environmental standards for receptors

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– Delineation of Regional ManagementPlans & Growth options in terms of timeand space within the assimilative capacitythresholds for critical environmentalresources.

Major Policy decisions taken duringthe year

– Extension of Moratorium up to31st March, 2012

Ministry had imposed a moratorium till31st August, 2010 on consideration ofprojects for environmental clearance tobe located in 43 critically polluted areas/industrial clusters identified by CentralPollution Control Board. It was envisagedthat during the period of moratorium,time bound action plans will be preparedby the respective SPCBs/PCCs forimprovement of the environmental qualityin these industrial clusters/areas. Theaction plans so prepared would befinalized by CPCB. The status ofpreparation of action plans has beenreviewed in the Ministry from time totime. In accordance with the informationreceived from CPCB that the respectiveSPCBs and the local stakeholders haveinitiated work on implementation of thesubmitted action plans moratorium waslifted on consideration of projects forenvironmental clearance in the 25industrial clusters/areas. In the remaining18 identified critically polluted industrialclusters/areas, it has been decided toextend the moratorium further up to 31st

March, 2012.

– Consideration of expansion ofthermal power projects

It has been decided that the proposal forexpansion of projects to whichenvironmental clearance has beengranted can be considered only oncethe implementation for the earlier phasehas commenced. In case environmentalclearance for the earlier proposal is yet

to be accorded, the project proponentshall apply afresh and submit acomprehensive proposal for the entireproject by clubbing all the phases so thatthe environmental issues could beaddressed holistically.

– Mining projects from the districtsof Bellary, Tumkur andChitradurga in Karnataka

Pursuant to the orders of Hon'ble SupremeCourt, it has been decided that MoEF/SEIAA will not consider any miningproposal from these three districts till theHon'ble Supreme Court lifts the ban onconsideration of projects in these areas.

– Consideration of projects for grantof EC under which involveForestland

It was decided that the followingprocedure will be adopted forconsideration of projects forenvironmental clearance which involveforest land:– At the stage of consideration of

proposals for TOR in respect of theprojects involving forest land, theproject proponents would submit acredible proof in support of the factthat they have already submittedtheir application to the concernedCompetent Authority for diversion ofthe forestland involved in the project.

– At the stage of consideration ofproposals for EC in respect of projectsinvolving forest land, the projectproponent would inform the respectiveEACs about the status of theirapplication for forestry clearancealong with necessary supportingdocuments from the concerned ForestAuthorities. It will clearly be informedto the EAC whether the applicationis at the State Level or at the Centrallevel. The EAC will take congnizanceof the involvement of forestland and

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its status in terms of forestry clearanceand make recommendations on theproject on its merits. After the EAChas recommended the project forenvironmental clearance, it would beprocessed for obtaining decision ofthe Competent Authority for grant ofenvironmental clearance. In the caseswhere the Competent Authority hasapproved the grant of Environmentalclearance, the proponent will beinformed of the same and a time limitof 12 months, which may be extendedin exceptional circumstances to 18months, a decision on which will betaken by the competent authority, willbe given to the proponent to submitthe requisite stage-I forestry clearance.The formal environmental clearancewill be issued only after the Stage-Iforestry clearance has been submittedby the proponent.

– Reclassification of CRZ area onthe grounds of "Error apparenton face of the Record"

It was decided that any proposal forreclassification citing the ground of "errorevident on record" should be precededby an in depth examination by theState/Union Territory Coastal ZoneManagement Authority (CZMA)concerned bringing out clearly the erroron record because of which the area/plot in question either does not fall in theCRZ, or has been wrongly classified; theAuthority/officials responsible for theerror, as to how the error is proposed tobe rectified, the corroborative/independent evidence supporting theproposed rectification of error-in theform of satellite imagery, Survey of Indiamap, etc. and the conduct of fieldverification by Experts, which shouldinclude one Expert from one of theAgencies authorized by MoEF fordemarcating High Tide Line. It may be

ensured that the Expert for the fieldverification should not be from the sameauthorized agency, which demarcatedthe High Tide Line, on record, for thearea/ plot in question.

After following the above procedure, theSCZMAs may recommend a proposalfor reclassification on the ground of"error evident on record" to the NationalCoastal Zone Management Authority(NCZMA) for its consideration.

– EC for setting up of Solar ThermalPower Plants under JawaharlalNehru National Solar Mission(JNNSM)

Solar Thermal Power projects are notcovered by the provisions of EIANotification, 2006. However, keepingin view the extent of land required forsuch projects, it has been decided that:– State Pollution Control Board/UTPCC

before issuing consent to establishunder Air and Water Act to such unitsmay ensure and satisfy themselvesby undertaking a site visit that theproposed area does not involve; (i)any wet land, (ii)any agriculture land,(iii) ecologically sensitive area, (iv)areas rich in bio-diversity, (v) areaswith large habitation. In case, anydisplacement of habitation is involved,the requisite R&R and CSR should beput in place as per the norms of therespective State Government. Further,if the area involves any forestland, itneeds to be ensured that the requisiteprior forestry clearance for diversionof forestland has also been obtainedunder the FC Act.

– In addition, the site should alsoconform to the provisions of the CRZNotification, 2011 as requisite priorcommitment from the CompetentAuthority for availability should beensured.

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– The land so made available for thesolar thermal power plant will not bedeviated for any other purpose.

– Priority for consideration of GreenBuilding ProjectsIt was decided that the proposal forobtaining environmental clearance inrespect of Building and Constructionprojects which have obtained GreenBuilding rating (pre-classification ofprovisional certification) under the ratingprogrammes of GRIHA, IGBC includingLEED India etc. by integrating high levelof environmental norms into their buildingplans, shall get priority for theirconsideration, out of turn, by the EAC/SEAC as the case may be.

– Consideration of proposalsregarding Ratnagiri andSindhudurg districts, MaharashtraIt has been decided to extend themoratorium for consideration of projectsreceived by the Ministry or by theMaharashtra State Environmental ImpactAssessment Authority (SEIAA) inSindhudurg and Ratnagiri Districts,Maharashtra upto 31st March, 2012.

– Corporate Environment PolicyTo bring into focus environmentalcommitment in the corporate sector, sothat all the project proponents integrateenvironmental concerns into their day-to-day functioning especially the compliancewith the conditions of clearances.It is felt appropriate that all the CentralPSUs and major projects of coal basedthermal power plants with capacity of500 MW and above, integratedSteel plants with capacity of one MTPAand above and cement plant withcapacity of three MTPA and above andpetroleum refining industries need to:-– Adopt well laid down corporate

Environment Policy

– Ensure, as a part of this policy,adherence with the EC and Forestryclearance wherever applicable,granted to the company

– Ensure that inter-alia the companyfunctions in conformity with the policy

– Ensure that deviations, if any, fromthis Policy and cases of violations ofenvironmental and forestry clearanceconditions that have been found bythis Ministry or other public authoritiesshould be duly reported to its Boardof Directors and desirably reflectedthereafter on its website and in itsannual report.

– Identify and designate responsibleperson(s) at all levels of their hierarchyfor ensuring adherence to this policyand compliance with EnvironmentalLaws and regulations.

These measures to promote environmentalconsciousness and secure compliancewill surely protect the project'sstakeholders just like financial systemsand audit mechanisms protect theshareholders of a company.

– Consideration of proposalsinvolving violation of theEnvironment (Protection) Act, 1986or Environmental ImpactAssessment (EIA) Notification,2006/CRZ Notification, 1991/2011

Instances have come to notice of theMinistry where substantial physicalprogress relating to construction of theproject has been made at site andsignificant investments made withoutobtaining a requisite prior environmentalclearances as is mandated under the EIANotification, 2006.

It has been decided that in all such casesof violation submitted to the Ministry andsubsequent to the recommendation of

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EAC/SEAC and after the approval ofthe competent authority for grant ofenvironmental clearance, MoEF/SEIAAwill send a communication to the projectproponent informing that although theproposal has been approved by theCompetent Authority, formalenvironmental clearance will be issuedto the project only after the matterrelating to the violations have been putup to the Board of Directors of thecompany or to the Managing Committee/CEO of the Society, Trust, partnership/individually owned concerned forconsideration of its environment relatedpolicy/plan of action as also a writtencommitment in the form of a formalresolution to be submitted to MoEF/SEIAA to ensure that violations of theEnvironment (Protection) Act etc. will notbe repeated. For the purpose, a timelimit of 90 days will be given to projectproponent.Respective State Government will alsobe informed of the violation cases fortheir initiating legal action against thecompany as per the procedureprescribed.

– Firm coal linkageAs per the policy decision taken projectproponents are required to indicate firmcoal linkage along with coalcharacteristics for all project proposalsrelating to thermal power projects, steel,sponge iron and any other such projects,which are largely dependent onavailability of coal as a raw material, at

the time of seeking EnvironmentalClearance. The status of environmentand forestry clearance of the coal blockalso needs to be informed. In case ofprojects which are based on importedcoal, a copy of firm Memorandum ofUnderstanding (MoU) signed betweenthe coal supplier and the projectproponent is required.

Coal Mining Sector

Ministry continues to consider coalMining projects of Jharia Coalfields andRaniganj Coalfields based on clusterapproach which includes existing mines,closed mines, abandoned mines andproposed mines in the two coalfields. TheIntegrated EIA-EMP for the cluster of minesshould indicate the present status of mines,environmental quality and the extent ofpollution load from each mine. The combinedpollution load from the cluster of mines thatwould be reduced by taking suitable mitigationmeasures by the individual mines through anIntegrated Environmental Management Planshould be indicated along with the expectedimprovement in the environmental quality.The Environmental Management Plan foreach cluster would dovetail the plan foraddressing subsidence and fire control andresettlement of habitation from unstable sitesand fire affected areas in the Jharia Coalfieldsunder the Jharia Action Plan and subsidenceand rehabilitation of habitation from unstableareas in the Raniganj Coalfields under theRaniganj Action Plan. A number of projectshave been considered based on aboveapproach during the year 2011-12.

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Control of PollutionIntroduction

The concern for environmental qualityhas become the top most issue in the presentscenario of rising population, increasingurbanization, industrial pollution, shipping,aviation and vehicular emission as well aspollution of water courses due to dischargeof industrial effluents and sewage withoutconforming to the environmental norms andstandards apart from agriculture run-off.Realising this trend of pollution in variousenvironmental media like air, water, soil,etc., the Government earlier adopted Policyfor Abatement of Pollution in 1992, whichprovides multi-pronged strategies in the formof regulations, legislations, agreements, fiscalincentives and other measures to prevent andabate pollution. To give effect to variousmeasures and policies for pollution control,various steps have been initiated whichinclude stringent regulations, development ofenvironmental standards and periodicalrevision therein, control of vehicular pollution,control of air and water pollution, abatementand prevention of noise pollution, spatialenvironmental planning, revisit and revisionin the list of critically polluted areas andimprovement plans therein, etc. TheGovernment also adopted NationalConservation Strategy and Policy Statementon Environment and Development, 1992.Afterwards, the Government adopted theNational Environment Policy (NEP- 2006)which seeks to extend the coverage, and fillin gaps that still exists, in light of presentknowledge and accumulated experience. Thispolicy does not displace, but builds on theearlier policies of the Government. It laysemphasis on a number of new issues.

Progress of Activities Undertaken undervarious programmes are as follows:

Control of Air Pollution

– The air pollution and the resultant airquality can be attributed to emissions

from transportation, i.e. road, rail,shipping and airways, industrial anddomestic activities. The air quality hasbeen, therefore, an issue of social concernin the backdrop of various developmentalactivities. The norms for ambient airquality have been revisited and variousindustry specific emissions standards areevolved afresh or revisited and notifiedfrom time to time. For control of airpollution, with a view to initiate policymeasures and to prepare ambient airquality management plans, 530 ambientair quality monitoring stations areoperational covering 211 cities, townsand industrial areas in 26 States andfive Union Territories. Presently, three outof five criteria pollutants namely; sulphurdioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxides (NO2)and fine particulate matter having sizeless than 10 micron (PM10 ) are monitoredunder National Ambient Air MonitoringProgramme (NAMP) by the PollutionControl Boards, Pollution ControlCommittees, Universities and ResearchInstitutes. Besides, additional pollutantsfor other toxic trace matters andpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons arealso being monitored in selected citiesof the country. Installation of automaticair quality monitoring stations isundertaken in cities for continuousmonitoring. The continuous monitoringhas been introduced in twenty sevencities namely, Agra, Ahmedabad,Bengaluru, Chandrapur, Chennai,Cuddalore, Delhi, Durgapur, Faridabad,Ghaziabad, Haldia, Howrah,Hyderabad, Jaipur, Jharia, Jodhpur,Kanpur, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai,Panipat, Patna, Pune, Solapur, Tuticorin,Vadodara and Varanasi. A total of 84manual monitoring stations covering 29new cities and towns have been addedin the network under NAMP during the2011-12.

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– The Government has published theRevised National Ambient Air QualityStandards, 2009 (NAAQS-2009) in theofficial Gazette on 16th November,2009. These ambient air qualitystandards/ limits provide a legalframework for the control of air pollutionand the protection of public health.

– Standard monitoring protocol to monitor12 pollutants as per NAAQS has beendeveloped during the year.

– In furtherance of these Standards, theCPCB is in the process of drawing aroad-map for the creation of requiredinfrastructure, operation andmaintenance of network and handling ofdata.

– The monitored ambient air quality dataduring the year while comparing withrevised (NAAQS-2009) indicates thatthe annual average levels of SulphurDioxide (SO2) are within the prescribedair quality norms across the country andthat of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) arewithin norms in most of the cities.However, the levels of fine particulatematter (PM10) exceed the prescribednorms in many cities including Delhi.PM10 and NO2 are the emerging airpollutants.

Assistance for Abatement of Pollution

– The scheme “Assistance for Abatementof Pollution” is being implemented by theMinistry of Environment and Forests sinceSeventh Five Year Plan (1990-1995).The scheme had an allocation of Rs 45crore in the XI Five Year Plan (includingPolicy & law and Environmental HealthCell scheme). The scheme of Assistancefor Abatement of Pollution is a CentrallySponsored Scheme.

– The objective of the scheme inter alia tostrengthen SPCBs for enforcing statutoryprovisions for pollution abatement. Thescheme is now a part of a centrally

sponsored umbrella scheme of ‘PollutionAbatement’. The scheme of assistancefor pollution abatement comprise offollowing sub-components:– Grants-in-aid-General– Grants for creation of Capital Assets– Environment Health Cell (EHC) &

Trade and Environment (PL)– North Eastern Region Grants-in-aid-

General & for creation of CapitalAssets

– The Scheme provides 100 % grant toSPCBs/PCCs, Governmental and non-Governmental organizations.

– Under this scheme, grants are beingprovided to the State Pollution ControlBoards/UT Pollution Control Committees,Environment Departments, Central/StateResearch Institutes, and other governmentagencies/organizations with the aim ofstrengthening their technical capabilitiesto achieve the objectives of the PolicyStatement. Assistance is also provided toNorth Eastern Pollution Control Boards& Pollution Control Committees as salarysupport for the technical staff. In addition,support is also extended for undertakingprojects for Abatement of Pollution.

– Financial assistance has been extendedto six State Pollution Control Boards/UTPollution Control Committees during thecurrent financial year.

– The scheme is being proposed to revisewith the followings:– Lab up-gradation, purchase of

equipment, salary support (limitedto scientific and technical staff) andconstruction of office –cum-laboratory building of SPCBs of NEStates.

– Capacity Building of SPCBs/PCCsincluding other environmentalorganizations by imparting trainingand education through semi-Governmental organizations.

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– Awareness and education for R&D,survey and documentation forcreation of environmental databaseand consultation in the area ofpollution abatement will be expectedthrough scientific and semi-Governmental Organizations.

– Seminars/Workshops/Conferencein the area of pollution abatementthrough semi-GovernmentalOrganization having domainexpertise.

Auto Fuel Policy

The Ministry of Petroleum and NaturalGas(MoP&NG), Government of India hasenunciated an Auto Fuel Policy (2002) whichaims to comprehensively and holisticallyaddress the issues of vehicular emissions,vehicular technologies and auto fuel qualityin a cost-efficient manner while ensuring thesecurity of fuel supply. The Government hasalso published Gazette Notification videG.S.R 84(E) on 9th February, 2009 forintroducing Bharat Stage IV and III norms, asapplicable, for new vehicles in selectedcities. The Policy objectives include ensuringsustainable, safe, affordable and uninterruptedsupply of auto fuels; optimum utilization ofinfrastructure for import of crude and crudeproducts, processing and production, andthe storage and transportation; assessing thefuture trends in emissions and air qualityrequirements from view point of public health;adopting such vehicular emission standardsthat will be able to make a decisive impacton air quality etc. The Policy provides for aroad map for reduction in vehicular emissionnorms for new vehicles as well as for reductionof pollution from in-use vehicles. It also setsstandards for quality of fuel and other kits.The report of the Source Apportionmentstudies that has been recently published andcarried by MoEF/ CPCB along with MoPNGhas also recommend supply of uniform fuelquality all over the country.

Source Apportionment Studies

– Due to multiplicity and complexity of airpolluting sources, apportionment ofcontribution to ambient air pollutionfrom these sources is important forplanning cost effective pollution controlstrategies. In view of this, to evaluatecontribution of particulate matter fromvarious sources to air quality, SourceApportionment Studies (SAS) have beencompleted for six cities namely; Delhi,Bangalore, Chennai, Mumbai, Pune andKanpur in association with the institutionslike NEERI, Nagpur, TERI, New Delhi,IIT, Chennai, ARAI, Pune and IIT, Kanpur.The objective frame work for SourceApportionment Studies includedpreparation of emission inventory,emission profile, monitoring of ambientair quality, assessment of data and itsauthentication and source apportionmentof PM10 using factor analysis and receptormodeling etc. Application of ChemicalMass Balance (CMB-8) Receptor modeland ISC dispersion model have beenused in the study.

– The results of the Study, so obtainedwere evaluated by the TechnicalCommittee. International Peer Review ofthe study has been organized in Spain,Germany (through GTZ) and within thecountry, since such source apportionmentstudies have been carried out for the firsttime in India and the outcome of thisStudy would be used for future policydecisions such as Auto Fuel Policy.Based on the experiences gained and

outcomes of the study, following are suggestedas future course of action:

– At national level, thematic Ministrieshave been requested to set up six workinggroups to deal with the sectoralrecommendations of the study whichwould be housed in the respectivethematic Ministries:

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– Group for working on road qualityimprovement and minimizing re-suspension of road dust,development of progressive vehicleexhaust norms, etc. : thematicMinistry- Ministry of Road Transport& Highways.

– Group on improvement of fuel quality: thematic Ministry- Ministry ofPetroleum & Natural Gas.

– Group to deal with old vehicles –retrofitment of pollution controldevices, scrap policy, inspection &maintenance issues, etc. : thematicMinistry - Ministry of HeavyIndustries.

– Group on industrial activities:industrial action plan implementation: thematic Ministry- Ministry ofCommerce & Industry (Departmentof Industrial Policy & Promotion).

– Group on traffic management – useof IT in traffic management,guidelines for minimizing/synchronization traffic signals,providing adequate parking,parking fee structure, etc. : thematicMinistry- Ministry of Home Affairs.

– Group on construction activities –prepare and superviseimplementation of guidelines oncleaner construction projects :thematic Ministry - Ministry of UrbanDevelopment.

– In case of six cities, respective StateGovernments have been requested to setup local Implementation Committeecomprising various stakeholders viz.municipal corporation, developmentauthorities, RTO, SPCB, etc. to overseeimplementation of city-specific actionplans. Wherever such Committees orAuthorities are functional, the studyfindings could supplement their efforts.The local Committees may also address

biomass. garbage/refuse burning andother city-specific sources.

Emissions Trading Scheme

– India’s rapid growth over the last severaldecades has brought millions of peopleout of poverty but also increased strainon the environment. The challenge forGovernment and the private sector is toimprove environmental quality withoutharming output and employment, as thesame economic activities that causepollution – including transport, powergeneration and industry – have been theengines of growth.

– Emission of particulate matter (PM) whichaccounts for PM10 and PM2.5 in ambientair presents a particularly severechallenge for meeting NAAQS standardsin India today. The concentration ofparticulate matter in Tamil Nadu,Maharashtra and Gujarat is higher thanthe norms prescribed in NAAQS-2009.

– It is felt that the market based approachesto control environmental quality have thepotential to deliver desired environmentaloutcomes at the lowest social cost. Thisincreases the ability of all stakeholdersto participate and comply and improvesregulatory effectiveness. The Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests in associationwith the Central Pollution ControlBoard(CPCB) and the State PollutionControl Boards (SPCBs) of Gujarat,Maharashtra and Tamilnadu, has initiateda large scale pilot programme to designa particulate emissions trading regulatoryregime for industry. The proposed MarketBased Emissions Trading Scheme will seta new model for environmental regulationin India.

Development of EnvironmentalStandards

– Environmental Standards refer both tothe acceptable levels of specified

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environmental quality parameters atdifferent categories of locations, i.e.,ambient standards for air, noise andwater quality criteria as well aspermissible levels of discharge ofspecified waste streams by differentclasses of activities, i.e., effluent standardsand discharges of gaseous pollutants,i.e., emission standards.

– Environmental standards cannot beuniversal, and each country should setstandards in terms of its national priorities,policy objectives, and resources, asstated in the National EnvironmentalPolicy, 2006. These standards, may, ofcourse, vary (in general, become morestringent) as a country develops, andhas greater access to technologies andfinancial resources for environmentalmanagement. Within the country differentStates, UTs and local bodies may adoptstricter standards, based on localconsiderations.

– In order to abate pollution from varioussources, Ministry notifies general as wellas industry specific emission and effluentstandards for various categories ofindustries under the Environment(Protection) Rules, 1986 as per procedurespecified in the Environmental (Protection)Act, 1986. Based on development ofnew pollution control technologies andtheir feasibility, these standards arerevisited from time to time and new/revised ones are notified.

– The Ministry has constituted an ExpertCommittee (EC) to evolve EnvironmentalStandards and Consequent upon theadoption of the National EnvironmentPolicy-2006 (para 5.3 : EnvironmentalStandards, Management Systems,Certification and Indicators), the saidCommittee has been reconstituted. ASocial scientist, Public health expert andEnvironment economist are now on thecommittee. Based on the

recommendations of the Committee, theStandards are notified after legal vettingby the Ministry of Law & Justice,Government of India.

– All the notified Standards have beenloaded on the website of this Ministrywhich could be downloaded (Rules &Regulations ’! Environment Protection ’!Acts & Rules ’! Environmental Standards).During the year, Standards in respect offollowing category of industries havebeen evolved and are being finalizedfor notification :– Effluent & Emission Standards for

Pulp and Paper Industry;– Emission Standards for Cement

Plants;– Emission Standards for Generators

(Diesel);– Emission Standards and Noise

Norms for Generators (LPG & CNG);and

– Effluent & Emission Standards forElectroplating Industry.

The source specific environmentalstandards have been notified for followingindustry/process during the year:

Effluent & Emission Standards

– Copper, Lead or Zinc Smelters– Pesticide Industry– Grain Processing Industry– Integrated Iron and Steel Plants-– Electroplating, Anodizing Industry

Effluent Standards

– Soda Ash IndustryEmission Standards

– Petrochemicals IndustryNoise Pollution

– Noise levels have been a matter ofconcern due to various activities, religiousfunctions, festivals, marriages,processions and related celebrations.

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The main sources of noise pollutioninclude industrial activities, use of publicaddress system, construction activities,use of generator sets, pressure horns,fire crackers etc. Keeping in view theincreasing trend in noise levels, Ministryhas issued various regulations from timeto time to control noise pollution inambient air, at source and atmanufacturing stage. To controlcommunity noise, Noise Pollution(Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000were notified in February, 2000 andamended from time to time. The recentamendments to the Noise Rules, 2000have been published in the officialGazette on 11th January, 2010. Abilingual booklet has been brought outon Noise Pollution (Regulation andControl) Rules, 2000 (as amended todate) by incorporating all amendmentsfor creating mass awareness. The CPCBhas been advised for revisiting thenational ambient noise standards.

– A road map has been drawn by CPCBfor national ambient noise monitoringnetwork.

– First phase of National Ambient NoiseMonitoring Network has beencommissioned in accordance with NEP-2006 during the year, starting fromseven cities, namely, Delhi, Lucknow,Bengaluru, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Chennaiand Mumbai by establishing 70 stationsto monitor ambient noise on 24 X 7basis. Monitoring data is available onthe website of respective State PollutionControl Board and CPCB.

Charter on Corporate Responsibilityfor Environmental Protection (CREP)

– Adoption of pollution control technologiescould be successfully achieved througha coordinated approach in whichindustrial organizations and theregulatory bodies should work in tandem,

to this end, it will be desirable to buildup a consor tium of concernedorganizations and establish partnershipfor pollution control. With this in view,a series of industry wise inter-actionmeetings were organized to evolve aroad map culminating to Charter onCorporate Responsibility forEnvironmental Protection (CREP) in 2002-03.

– CREP is a commitment for protection ofenvironment for partnership andparticipatory action of the stakeholdersi.e. industry, their associations andregulatory agencies. Also, it is a roadmap for progressive improvement inenvironmental management systems. TheCharter has set targets concerningconservation of water, energy, recoveryof chemicals, reduction in pollution,elimination of toxic pollutants, process &management of residues that are requiredto be disposed off in an environmentallysound manner. The Charter enlists theaction points for pollution control infollowing 17 categories of highlypolluting industries : Aluminium, Cement,Chlor-Alkali, Copper Smelter, Distilleries,Dyes & Dye Intermediates, Fertilizer,Integrated Iron & Steel, Oil Refineries,Pesticides, Petrochemicals,Pharmaceuticals, Pulp & Paper, Tannery,Thermal Power Plants, and Zinc Smelter.

– For effective implementation of theCharter, eight taskforces comprisingexperts and members from institutionsand industry associations wereconstituted. Three of them in respect ofThermal Power, Steel Sector andPetroleum Oil Refinery have beenreconstituted. These task forces aremeeting regularly to monitor and toprovide guidance to the industries foradopting necessary pollution abatementmeasures.

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Table-22. The CEPI scores for Critically Polluted Industrial areas/ clustersSNo. Industrial Cluster/Area AIR WATER LAND CEPI1. Ankleshwar (Gujarat) 72.00 72.75 75.75 88.502. Vapi (Gujarat) 74.00 74.50 72.00 88.093. Ghaziabad (Uttar Pradesh) 68.50 75.25 71.50 87.374. Chandrapur (Maharashtra) 70.75 67.50 66.50 83.885. Korba (Chhatisgarh) 67.00 57.00 72.50 83.006. Bhiwadi (Rajasthan) 71.00 69.00 59.50 82.917. Angul Talcher (Orissa) 64.00 69.00 65.75 82.098. Vellore (North Arcot) (Tamilnadu) 69.25 65.25 62.50 81.799. Singrauli (Uttar Pradesh) 70.50 64.00 59.50 81.7310. Ludhiana (Punjab) 68.00 66.00 64.75 81.6611. Nazafgarh drain basin , Delhi 52.13 69.00 65.25 79.5412. Noida (Uttar Pradesh) 65.75 64.00 60.00 78.9013. Dhanbad (Jharkhand) 64.50 59.00 65.50 78.6314. Dombivalli (Maharashtra) 66.00 63.50 57.50 78.4115. Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh) 66.00 63.50 56.00 78.0916. Cuddalore (Tamilnadu) 54.00 65.25 64.00 77.4517. Aurangabad (Maharashtra) 64.75 60.50 59.50 77.4418. Faridabad (Haryana) 63.50 59.00 62.75 77.0719. Agra (Uttar Pradesh) 59.00 63.75 59.50 76.4820. Manali (Tamilnadu) 64.00 59.00 58.00 76.3221. Haldia (West Bengal) 53.75 64.50 57.00 75.4322. Ahmedabad (Gujarat) 62.75 58.00 58.00 75.2823. Jodhpur (Rajasthan) 71.00 69.00 59.50 82.9124. Cochin, Greater (Kerala) 57.00 64.00 54.00 75.0825. Mandi Gobind Garh (Punjab) 62.00 55.50 62.00 75.0826. Howrah (West Bengal) 57.00 54.50 63.50 74.8427. Vatva (Gujarat) 60.00 62.00 56.00 74.7728. Ib Valley (Orissa) 61.00 56.50 59.00 74.0029. Varansi-Mirzapur (Uttar Pradesh) 58.00 62.00 53.50 73.7930. Navi Mumbai (Maharashtra) 61.00 59.00 55.50 73.7731. Pali (Rajasthan) 52.00 64.00 52.00 73.7332. Mangalore (Karnataka) 61.75 57.75 54.00 73.6833. Jharsuguda (Orissa) 61.00 56.50 56.00 73.3434. Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu) 62.25 58.75 45.50 72.3835. Bhadravati (Karnataka) 62.75 56.50 45.50 72.3336. Tarapur (Maharashtra) 60.75 56.00 51.25 72.0137. Panipat (Haryana) 55.75 56.50 59.00 71.9138. Indore (Madhya Pradesh) 59.00 57.50 52.00 71.2639. Bhavnagar (Gujarat) 54.50 57.50 57.75 70.9940. Vishakhapatnam (AndhraPradesh) 57.00 57.50 55.00 70.8241. Junagarh (Gujarat) 53.25 52.50 59.50 70.8242. Asansole (West Bengal) 58.38 56.25 50.50 70.2043. Patancheru- -Bollaram (Andhra Pradesh) 50.00 59.00 54.00 70.07

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Critically Polluted Industrial Clusters/Areas

The Ministry of Environment & Forest(MoEF) has adopted a ComprehensiveEnvironmental Pollution Index (CEPI) systemof environmental assessment of the 88prominent Industrial Clusters, evolved by theCentral Pollution Control Board (CPCB) incollaboration with the Indian Institute ofTechnology (IIT), Delhi. CEPI, a rational numberto characterize the environmental quality ata given location following the algorithm ofSource, Pathway and Receptor andaggregated CEPI, indicates severe adverseeffects on environment and also is anindication of large percentage of population

experiencing health hazards. On the CEPIscale, 43 such industrial clusters, havingCEPI greater than 70 on a scale of 0 to 100,have been identified as critically pollutedbased on the parameters related to incidenceof pollution in water, land (ground water)and air. List of the critically polluted industrialareas/ clusters is given at Table-22.

Based on the identification of industrialclusters / areas by the CPCB as critically orseverely polluted, Ministry of Environment &Forests vide Office Memorandum dated 13th

January, 2010 have imposed a temporaryrestriction for a period of eight months up toAugust, 2010, on consideration ofdevelopmental projects for environmental

Table-23. List of Critically Polluted Industrial clusters where moratorium has been lifted

State No. of clusters

Industrial clusters / areas Date of lifting Morato-rium

Andhra Pradesh 1 Patancheru-Bollaram 26.10.10 Gujarat 3 Vapi

Bhavnagar Junagarh

26.10.10 15.02.11 31.03.11

Haryana 2 Faridabad Panipat

31.03.11 31.03.11

Karnataka 2 Bhadravati Mangalore

23.05.11 23.05.11

Kerala 1 Greater Kochi 23.05.11 Madhya Pradesh 1 Indore 31.03.11 Maharashtra 4 Tarapur

Dombivalli Aurangabad Navi Mumbai

26.10.10 15.02.11 15.02.11 15.02.11

Orissa 2 Angul-Talchar Ib Valley, Jharsuguda

31.03.11 05.07.11

Punjab 2 Mandi Gobind Garh Ludhiana

26.10.10 15.02.11

Tamil Nadu 2 Coimbatore Cuddalore

26.10.10 15.02.11

Uttar Pradesh 5 Agra Varanasi-Mirzapur Ghaziabad Noida Singrauli

15.02.11 15.02.11 31.03.11 31.03.11 05.07.11

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clearance under EIA Notification, 2006 in43 critically polluted clusters. During thisperiod, the CPCB along with the respectiveState Pollution Control Boards / UT PollutionControl Committees were required to finalizea time bound action plan for improving theenvironmental quality in these identifiedindustrial clusters / areas. The moratoriumhas subsequently been extended up to 31st

March, 2012. While extending this, themoratorium has been lifted in twenty fiveareas / industrial clusters, whose actionplans have been finalized by CPCB. TheState-wise list of critically polluted areaswhere moratorium has been lifted is given atTable-23.

The CPCB has done second round ofenvironmental assessment of CPAs on thebasis of monitoring carried out by Third Partyduring Feb,.- March, 2011, this showed amix picture of CEPIs score. This highlightissues of management of CPAs for proactiveapproach.

Recognition of EnvironmentalLaboratories under Environment(Protection) Act (EPA), 1986

– The successful implementation ofenvironmental protection programmesessentially requires identifying andquantifying the pollution sources andpollutants, conducting baseline survey,lying down standards and build-upmonitoring systems. To meet theserequirements, an environmentallaboratory requires to be provided withall the necessary instruments andequipments as also expertise andcapability of its staff for monitoring allgroups of parameters including water,air, noise, hazardous waste, soil, sludgeetc.

– For effective implementation ofenvironmental protection programmesthere is an inescapable need for anefficient and reliable institutional

arrangement and facilities for survey,identification, quantification and systemsfor monitoring. In this context, the roleof an environmental laboratory assumesparamount importance and significance,especially, for the assessment of thestatus of environment and its componentsand can facilitate effectively in preventionand control of pollution. The Ministryhas been implementing a programmefor recognition of environmentallaboratories with the aim of increasingfacilities for analysis of environmentalsamples.

Revision and implementation ofGuidelines for Evaluation andRecognition of EnvironmentalLaboratories under E(P) Act, 1986

– The extant guidelines (1994-95) forestablishment and recognition of thelaboratories have been revised andprocedures streamlined. The revisionhad become necessary as theEnvironment (Protection) Act, 1986 hasbeen strengthened over the years withthe enactments of various rules andnotifications there under. Further,Environmental standards have beenformulated for various parameters indifferent industrial sectors. The guidelinesfor recognition of environmentallaboratories under E(P) Act, 1986 havebeen revised by the Ministry withemphasis laid on quality assurance andquality control aspects. The revisedguidelines have been placed on thewebsite of Ministry (www.envfor.nic.in)for wider circulation. The revisedguidelines (June 2008) are a definiteimprovement in the content and theprocedures for recognition of theenvironmental laboratories.

– These revised guidelines, have beenmade to bring in synergy in requirementsbetween Environmental Acts, viz. theWater (Prevention and Control of

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Pollution) Act, 1974, the Air (Preventionand Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 andthe Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.Under the provisions of Section 12 and13 of the E (P) A, 1986, the privatelaboratories are considered by theMinistry for recognition.

– The revised guidelines have beenoperationalised. The Expert Committeeon Labs is meeting once in every monthto discuss all the cases of Govt. andPrivate Section Labs.

– As per the revised guidelines, periodicsurveillance of recognized environmentallaboratories under E(P) Act, 1986 wasalso desired to be undertaken to assessthe proper functioning, systematicoperation and reliability of datagenerated at the laboratory.

– During the year, 20 private sector Labswere visited for considering recognitionunder E (P) A, 1986 and for undertakingsurveillance of the Labs. Eight Labs wererecommended for recognition under E(P)Act, 1986 during the year.

– Procurement of ISO 9001:2008 andOHSAS 18001:2007 have been mademandatory during this year for alllaboratories to be considered forrecognition under E(P) Act, 1986

– An Orientation Workshop on revisedguidelines for recognition of laboratoriesunder E(P) Act, 1986, was organized atCPCB on 8.7.2011. The Zone wiseOrientation Workshop has also beeninitiated.

Common Effluent Treatment Plants(CETPs)

– The concept of the Common EffluentTreatment Plants (CETP) arose in order tomake a co-operative movement forpollution control. The main objective ofthe CETPs is to reduce the treatment costto be borne by an individual memberunit to a minimum while protecting the

water environment to a maximum.Wastewater treatment and waterconservation are the prime objectives ofthe CETP. The concept of CETPs wasenvisaged to treat the effluent emanatingfrom the clusters of compatible small -scale industries. It was also envisagedthat burden of various Governmentauthorities working for controllingpollution and monitoring of waterpollution could be reduced once theCETPs are implemented andcommissioned.

– A Centrally Sponsored Scheme has beenundertaken by the Government forenabling the small scale industries (SSI)to set up new and upgrade the existingCommon Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP)to cover all the States in the country. Ascheme for financial assistance for theCETPs has been formulated as follows:– State subsidy – 25% of the total

project cost;– Central subsidy – 25% of the total

project cost;– Entrepreneurs contribution – 20% of

the total project cost;– Loan from financial institutions –

30% of the total project cost. (e.g.IDBI, ICICI or any other nationalizedbanks, State Industrial FinancialCorporation etc.)

– During this year, an allocation of Rs.2.70 crore in the RE was made forproviding financial assistance to the on-going CETP projects and for new projects.Financial assistance was provided forthe ongoing projects of CETPs atPandesara, Gujarat and Waluj,Maharashtra.

– Fresh appraisal of the scheme of CETPsis underway with the following salientfeatures:– For CETPs involving primary/

secondary/tertiary treatment,financial assistance would be

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provided by GOI to the tune of 50%of maximum Rs. 1.50 crore/ MLDcapacity, subject to a ceiling ofCentral assistance of Rs. 15 croreper CETP.

– For CETPs involving primary/secondary/tertiary treatment andZLD treatment, financial assistancewould be provided by GOI to thetune of 50% of maximum Rs. 4.50crore/MLD capacity, subject to aceiling of Central assistance of Rs.20 crore per CETP.

– While sanctioning CETPs, theprinciple of equity should be appliedand priority be also given to CETPsproposed in Critically Polluted Areas.

– The modified ratio proposed inrespect of Central share: State share:Project Proponent’s share is 50:25:25:. The GOI would release itsshare in the ratio of 2:1 (Centralsubsidy: State subsidy)commensurate with the StateGovernment release.

– Primary, secondary and tertiarytreatment to be covered.

– Proposals with progressivetechnologies like Zero LiquidDischarge (ZLD), Membrane filtrationmay be considered

– Management Board of CETP to bea Special Purpose Vehicle registeredunder an appropriate statute.

– Performance Guarantee at fulldesign load to be ensured upfront

Taj Protection Mission

– In pursuance of the Hon’ble SupremeCourt’s Order, projects for environmentalprotection of World Heritage Site of TajMahal were initiated and funded by theMinistry. The Planning Commissionapproved Rs. 600 crore on a 50:50 costsharing basis with the State Governmentto implement various schemes in the TajTrapezium Zone for environmentalprotection of the Taj Mahal. In the firstphase during the IX Five Year Plan, 10projects were approved by the

Government andimplemented by the StateGovernment of UttarPradesh.– The Ministry hassponsored a post-evaluation study forcompleted projectsthrough the NationalE n v i r o n m e n t a lEngineering ResearchInstitute (NEERI), Nagpurfor ascertaining theimprovement inenvironmental status of thearea. The final report onthe “Environmental PostEvaluation of the projectsunder the Taj TrapeziumZone” submitted byNEERI, Nagpur has beenFig-40. Aeration process in Sewage Treatment Plant

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accepted by the Ministry. The presentenvironmental condition vis-à-visEnvironmental Management Plan (EMP)for the area as suggested in the reporthas been found useful for initiation offuture activities in TTZ.

– At present, only a token of Rs. one lakhis available under the scheme.

– Subsequent to the acceptance by theMinistry of the Post Evaluation Report ofthe TTZ projects and in order to revivethe scheme of TTZ, the U.P. Govt. hasbeen intimated to formulate freshproposals related to the strengthening ofsolid waste management, watermanagement, electricity supply anddistribution, road connectivity, greeningand other activities which have a bearingon the environment in the TTZ area, inline with the EMP suggested by NEERI,Nagpur.

– After fresh proposals are submitted bythe Govt. of U.P, provision for morefunds during the XII FYP would be takenup with the Planning Commission. Tilldate no comprehensive proposal hasbeen received from the Government ofU. P.

Environmental AuthoritiesEnvironment Pollution (PreventionControl) Authority for the NationalCapital Region

– The Environment Pollution (Preventionand Control) Authority (EPCA) forNational Capital Region was constitutedunder sub-section (3) of Section 3 of theEnvironment Protection Act, 1986 on29th January, 1998 vide S.O. No. 93(E)dated January 29, 1998 under theChairmanship of Sh. Bhure Lal. Thetenure of the EPCA was extended fromtime to time, and at present extendedupto 28th January, 2013.

– The issues considered by the Authorityinclude environment related matters

covering vehicular pollution control,sewage treatment and assessment ofoperations and handing over of CommonEffluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) in NCRto the concerned societies, monitoring ofaction plans for improvement of airquality in seven metro cities etc. and inaddition, the matters referred to it byHon’ble Supreme Court in its variousJudgments.

– EPCA is reporting the compliance statusand special tasks assigned to it to theHon’ble Supreme Court from time totime.

Loss of Ecology (Prevention andpayments of Compensation) Authorityfor the State of Tamil Nadu.

– In compliance with the Hon’ble SupremeCourt’s order dated August 28, 1998 inWrit Petition (Civil) No. 914 of 1991viz. Vellore Citizen’s Welfare Forumversus Union of India and Others, theMinistry constituted the Loss of Ecology(Prevention and Payments ofCompensation) Authority for the State ofTamil Nadu under the Chairmanship ofa retired Judge of madras High Courtvide notification SO 671 (E) datedSeptember 30, 1996, to deal with thesituation created by the tanneries andother pollution industries in Tamil Nadu.The tenure of the authority has beenextended until fur ther orders incompliance with the Hon’ble SupremeCourt’s order dated 28th February, 2011.

Central Pollution Control Board(CPCB)Introduction

The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)performs functions as laid down under theWater (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act,1974, and the Air (Prevention and Control ofPollution) Act, 1981. It is responsible forplanning and executing comprehensive nation-wide programmes for the prevention and

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control of water and air pollution, for advisingthe Central Government on matters concerningprevention and control of water and airpollution and for coordinating activities ofState Pollution Control Boards/ Pollution ControlCommittees besides providing technicalassistance & guidance to them.

The Central Pollution Control Board hasbeen playing a vital role in abatement andcontrol of pollution in the country bygenerating environmental quality data,providing scientific information, renderingtechnical inputs for formulating nationalpolicies and programmes, training anddevelopment of manpower and organizingactivities for promoting awareness at differentlevels of the Government and public at large.

The Central Pollution Control Board alsoco-ordinates enforcement and implementationof Rules framed under the Environmental(Protection) Act, 1986 with State PollutionControl Boards/Pollution Control Committees.It also provides support to various committeesand authorities constituted by the Governmentof India such as The Environmental Pollution(Prevention and Control) Authority for theNational Capital Region.

CPCB’s Activities

– Coordinating activities of State PollutionControl Boards/Pollution ControlCommittees for prevention & control ofpollution ;

– Development of industry specific nationalminimal effluent and emission standards;

– Development of industry specificenvironmental guidelines andcomprehensive documents;

– Implementation of CREPrecommendations & Compliance ofStandards for major polluting industrialsectors were undertaken compliancethrough Task Forces, the major highlightsof sectors are given below :– Action plans for improvement of

environment in 43 critically polluted

areas/clusters and monitoring theirimplementation ;

– Action plans for monitoring airquality in 16 polluted cities ;

– National water quality monitoringand publishing annual water qualityreports ;

– National ambient air qualitymonitoring and publishing annualair quality reports ;

– Carrying out and sponsoringresearch activities relevant toenvironment protection ;

– Publishing material relevant toenvironment protection ;

Achievements during the year

Environmental LaboratoriesDevelopment

Participation in Joint Inspections of Privateand Government Laboratories forConsideration of Recognition under TheEnvironment (Protection) Act, 1986

Private Sector Laboratories

Central Pollution Control Board hasparticipated in joint inspections with Ministryof Environment & Forests (MoEF) andrespective State Pollution Control Boards forrecognition of following private environmentallaboratories under the Environment (Protection)Act, 1986 during the year 2010-2011:– M/s Min Mec Enviro. Lab, Delhi– M/s GRC Laboratory, Noida, U. P.– M/s Chandigarh Pollution Testing

Laboratory, Mohali, Punjab– M/s Environment Management Quality

Center, Mohali, Punjab– M/s Newcon Consultancy &

Laboratories, Ghaziabad, U. P.– M/s Spectro Analytical Labs Ltd., New

Delhi– M/s Klean Laboratories Ltd., Pune,

Maharashtra.

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Government / Public SectorLaboratories

– Regional laboratory – Maharashtra StatePollution Control Board, Nagpur

– Regional laboratory – Maharashtra StatePollution Control Board, Nashik

– Regional laboratory – Maharashtra StatePollution Control Board, Aurangabad

– Central Laboratory – Uttar PradeshPollution Control Board, Lucknow, U. P.

– Regional Laboratory – Madhya PradeshPollution Control Board, Jabalpur

– Regional Laboratory – Madhya PradeshPollution Control Board, Indore

Participation in Joint Inspections ofGovt. / Pvt. Laboratories with PunjabPollution Control Board forConsideration of Recognition underThe Water / Air Act

– M/s ECO Pro Engineers Pvt. Ltd.,Ghaziabad, U. P.

– M/s Spectro Analytical Labs Ltd., Delhi– M/s SGS India Pvt. Ltd., Gurgaon,

Haryana– M/s Haryana Test House, Panipat,

Haryana

– M/s International Testing Centre,Panchkula, Haryana

– M/s Punjab Bio-Technology & Incubator,Mohali, Punjab

– M/s Industrial Testing Laboratory, Patiala,Punjab

Analytical Quality Control (AQC/Water) for Central and State PollutionControl Boards, Pollution ControlCommittees and for LaboratoriesRecognized under the E (P) Act, 1986.

Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)in association with SPCBs/PCCs maintainsvast water quality monitoring network withaim to evaluate the status of water qualitybodies. The analysis of quality of data is veryimportant to formulate the policy by thedecision maker based on the data generatedin the monitoring programmes. To ensure thereliability of the data, Central Pollution ControlBoard initiated “Analytical Quality Control(AQC)” programme with 20 laboratoriesduring year 1991. In year 2012, number oflaboratories participated in this exercise havereached to 202 laboratories of SPCBs/PCCs, the E (P) Act 1986 recognizedlaboratories. As on 31st March 2012, 27rounds of Analytical Quality Control exercises

were conducted andperformance reports werecommunicated to theparticipating laboratories.Twenty Physico – Chemicalparameters being coveredunder this scheme.

E n v i r o n m e n t a lResearch Activities

Salt-less Preservationof Hides and Skins byL y o p h i l i s a t i o nTechnique

CPCB undertook anR&D intervention initiativeto minimize use of salt inhide preservation in the

Fig-41. Growth of Analytical Quality Control / Water Programme between Year1996 – 2012

(1996-2012)

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tannery sector thereby eliminate the key factorcontributing to high dissolved solids in effluentstreams from leather processing industries.The process focuses on freeze drying of hidesby lyophilization technique. It is based on theprinciple of sublimation, whereby, water contentin the materials to be preserved is firstconverted into ice and is sublimated to watervapor under vacuum condition, thus extractingthe water content and make the lyophilizeditem freeze dried, stable and easier to storeat ambient temperature.

Utilization of Distillery Effluent as aSource of Nutrients for Cropproduction in Different Agro-climaticRegions of India

CPCB initiated a three year durationnetwork study - “Utilization of Distillery Effluentas a Source of Nutrients for Crop productionin Different Agro-climatic Regions of India” -in the year 2007-08 in association with fouragricultural institutes/centres - IndianAgricultural Research Institute (IARI) NewDelhi (coordinating agency), Tamil NaduAgricultural University (TNAU) Coimbatore,Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV)Rahuri and College of Agriculture, Indore.The study has been completed and thecombined report is under finalisation.

Corrosion Impact Assessment Studies-A report

Air pollution effects not only people’shealth and living organisms like plants andanimals but also extend to the man-madematerials such as metallic and non-metallicmaterials. These materials are used in theconstruction of cultural properties, monumentsand buildings etc. Air pollution along withmeteorological conditions causes thedeterioration of these materials that result inthe loss of public assets and economic losses.

To investigate the effect of air pollutionon different metallic materials, alloys, coatedsurfaces and non-metallic materials viz. stones,marbles and to mitigate such problems in

future, a study titled “Impact of air pollutionon corrosion of metallic and non-metallicmaterials has been initiated in associationwith National Metallurgical Laboratory,Jamshedpur. The project studies include theselection of some sites from various parts ofthe country that shows fluctuations inmeteorological conditions, environmentalconditions and levels and sources of airpollution. This study would help in thedevelopment of corrosion rate.

Pilot Plant Study of Water Treatmentusing Sludge-Reagent-Product (SRP)Technology

An innovative technology called“Sludge-Reagent-Product (SRP) Technology”was developed by Central Pollution ControlBoard with an aim to recover the alum inthe sludge used for treatment of water.Adoptions of this technology yielded 80 to90% recovery of chemical coagulant (alum)from discarded alum-treated-sludge forrecycling and reuse.

Standardization of methodology fordetermination of Polycyclic AromaticHydrocarbon (PAHs) by reversed-phase High-Performance LiquidChromatography (HPLC)

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)are organic compounds introduced into theenvironment mainly during the combustionprocesses, such as burning of fossil fuels. Thelevels of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon(PAH) pollutants are usually low in aqueoussamples. High Performance LiquidChromatography (HPLC) with Ultra-Violet (UV)detector and Florescence Detector are usedfor PAHs analysis since it provides both highsensitivity and high specificity. NationalReference Trace Organics Laboratory ofCentral Pollution Control Board undertaken aproject for standardization of methodologyfor determination of PAHs by reversed-phaseHPLC with Ultra-Violet (UV) Diode ArrayDetector during the year 2010-11 and

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developed protocols for analysis of PolycyclicAromatic Hydrocarbon using HPLC.

During year 2011-2012, the project“PAH in water and sediments from majordrains and Yamuna river in Delhi stretch” hasbeen undertaken with the objectives todetermine the concentration levels of PAH insurface water and sediments of the RiverYamuna and major drains joining the Riverwithin Delhi stretch; to obtain trends in spatialand temporal variation of PAH concentration;to identify possible sources of PAHs input tothe River; and to generate baseline data tobe used in developing effective remedialmeasures.

The total PAHs concentration in YamunaRiver water and sediments was found 1.29– 1.32 µgL-1 and 0.78 – 3.10 mg kg-1

respectively and for major drains water andsediments it was between 1.76 – 9.60 µgL-

1 and 3.99 – 6.05 mg kg-1 respectively.

Methodology development andstandardization for determination ofVolatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)by purge & trap pre-concentrationfollowed by Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) analysis

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) referto organic chemical compounds which havesignificant vapor pressures and affect theenvironment and human health, they areboth man-made and naturally occurringchemical compounds. The National ReferenceTrace Organics Laboratory of Central PollutionControl Board undertook a project during2010-11 for methodology development andstandardization for determination of VolatileOrganic Carbons adopting USEPA method524.2 using Purge and Trap GC-MS.

Project “Assessment of PersistentOrganic Pollutants (POPs) residues inhuman population of Delhi withspecial reference to adverse healtheffects and morbidity” (collaborativeproject with UCMS and GTB Hospital)

A study has been undertaken by CentralPollution Control Board in collaboration withUniversity College of Medical Sciences(UCMS) as collaborative project during year2008-09; 2009-10; 2010-11 to generateepidemiological data and establishment ofrelative risk relationship between the incidenceof adverse health outcomes including cancerdue to exposure to pesticides with specialreference to organo-chlorine PersistentOrganic Pollutants residues and Poly-chlorinated Biphenyls.

During the study, 300 blood samplesfrom various age groups of population havebeen analyzed for organo-chlorine PersistentOrganic Pollutants. The higher incidences ofpresence of Total BHC, Endosulphan,Heptachlor and Total DDT have been foundin blood samples from Elderly population(Age group 40-60 years) and Senior citizens(>60 years). Poly-chlorinated Biphenyls wasnon-traceable in all the blood samplesanalyzed. High POPs pesticides body burden,increases vulnerability of elderly populationto various critical diseases and age relateddisorders.

National Water Quality Monitoring

National Water Quality MonitoringProgramme

In order to assess the nature and extentof pollution control needed in different waterbodies or their part, water quality monitoringis an imperative prerequisite. Central PollutionControl Board in collaboration with StatePollution Control Boards has established aWater Quality Monitoring Network covering2000 sampling locations located in 27 Statesand 6 Union Territories covering 383 Rivers,127 Lakes, 9 Tanks, 59 Ponds, 40 Creeks/Seawater, 17 Canals, 34 Drains and 595Wells. Water samples are analyzed for 28parameters consisting of physico-chemical andbacteriological parameters for ambient watersamples apart from the field observations.Besides this, nine (9) trace metals and 28

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pesticides are analyzed in selected samples.In view of resource, constraints limited numbersof organic pollution related parameters arechosen for frequent monitoring i.e. monthly orquarterly and major cations, anions, otherinorganic ions and micro pollutants (ToxicMetals & POP’s) are analyzed once in a yearto keep track of water quality over largeperiod of time. The water quality data arereported in Water Quality Status Year Book.The water quality monitoring results obtainedbetween 1995 to 2010 indicated that theorganic and bacterial contamination continueto be critical in water bodies, this is mainlydue to discharge of untreated domesticwastewater from the urban centres.

Water quality-monitoring program atthe river stretch of InterstateBoundaries

One of the function of the Central PollutionControl Board, under Section 16 2(b) of theWater (Prevention and Control of Pollution)Act, 1974 is to “co-ordinate the activities ofthe State Boards and resolve disputes amongthem”. In the light of above, CPCB is monitoringthe water quality of rivers at the interstateboundaries since 2005. At present, monitoringis carried out four times a year at 82 locationsspread over 40 rivers. It was observed thatin 26 rivers at 40 locations the water waspolluted due to high Bio-Chemical OxygenDemand (BOD), one of the most importantindicator of water quality.

Water Quality of RiverGanga

CPCB is regularlymonitoring the water Quality ofRiver Ganga from Allahabad toTarighat (Gajipur) stretch at 15locations to assess theperformance of STPs (GAP-1)and the impact on river waterquality. The main observationswere that D.O. in the completestretch of river Ganga was more

than 4 mg/l (avg.) at all monitored locationsshowed high bacterial contamination. In WestBengal water quality analysis of river Gangawas undertaken from Farakka to GangaSagar. The dissolved oxygen content wasuniform throughout the entire length of RiverGanga indicating a high re-aeration rate andrapid aerobic oxidation of biologicalsubstances.

Air Quality NetworkNational Ambient Air qualityStandards

The National Ambient Air QualityStandards (NAAQS) were notified in theyear 1982, duly revised in 1994 based onhealth criteria and land use based approach.The NAAQS have been revisited and revisedin November 2009 in consultation with civilsociety and experts for 12 pollutants whichinclude SO2, NO2, PM10, PM2.5, Ozone,Lead, Arsenic, Nickel, CO, NH3, Benzene,and B(a)P (particulate phase).

National Ambient Air QualityMonitoring Programme

The Central Board is executing a nation-wide National Air Quality MonitoringProgramme (NAMP) covering 520 operatingstations (Fig. 42) spread over covering 215cities/towns and industrial areas in 26 Statesand 5 Union Territories. The Table belowshows the number of sanctioned and

Fig-42. Growth of operating ambient air quality monitoring Network

520

296 314342 346

456411

784

260280

050

100150200250300350400450500550600

1982

1987

1992

1997

2002

2006

2007

-08

2008

-09

2009

-10

2010

-11

2011

-2012

Years

Num

ber o

f mon

itorin

g st

atio

ns

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operating air quality monitoring stations till31st March, 2012.

Ambient Air Quality - Agra

With reference to the Writ Petition (C)No. 13381/1984 M.C. Mehta Vs Union ofIndia and directives by Hon’ble SupremeCourt of India in 2000, the CPCB ismonitoring Ambient Air Quality at fouridentified locations in Agra. The data onquarterly basis is being submitted to theHon’ble Supreme Court and Taj-TrapeziumZone Authority in compliance to thedirectives. The geographic limits of Taj-Trapezium Zone (TTZ) is in the air pollutionsensitive zone trapezoidal shape, coveringan area of 10,400 Sq. km The area hasbeen under study since 1982. The overallambient air quality has improved due tointroduction of CNG in the vehicular transportand in several industries.

Ambient air Qualitymonitoring atInternational Boundarywith Bangladesh atPort Canning, WestBengal

Air Quality MonitoringStation is installed at PortCanning, West Bengal, India

located about 70 km east of Kolkata city,bordering Bangladesh (23 km fromBangladesh border) under Malé Declarationfor the study of trans-boundary movement ofpollutants.

Capacity Building Program UnderMalé Declaration

Ministry of Environment and Forests &Central Pollution Control Board organizedthe Regional Stakeholder's Meeting and InterGovernmental Meeting 12 at Delhi duringJune 27-30, 2011 with a view to review theprogress of Malé Declaration, discussions onreviewing the monitoring activities intransboundary air pollution and discussionson the Task Force on Future Development.The program also considers the designing ofwork program on implementation of thefuture activities. Delegates from all the eightparticipating countries attended the program.

Noise Pollution ControlImplementation of Noise (Regulation& Control) Rules

As decided in the 56th Conference ofMember Secretaries and Chairmen, the workinggroup that was constituted held its 1st meetingin Bangalore on 23rd February 2011 and asa follow up of first meeting the second meetingwas conducted on 18th March, 2011. As perrecommendation of the committee, the CentralPollution Control Board has written to all theChief Secretaries of States / Union Territoriesfor demarcation of noise zones and Identificationof implementing authority.

Fig.-43. Monthwise Avg. of PM10 at Port Canning (April-10 to March-11)

Table-24. Number of metropolitan citiesexceeding the NAAQS (Based on annualaverage data), 2010

Category Metropolitan cities(population > 10 lacs)

SO2 NO2 PM10

Not 35 30 3exceedingNAAQS

Exceeding 0 5 31NAAQS

Total cities 35 35 34

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Central Pollution Control Board inassociation with State Pollution ControlBoards has established Real Time NationalAmbient Noise Monitoring Network in sevenmetropolitan cities and installed five noisemonitoring System each of the followingmetros viz. Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata,Chennai, Bangalore, Lucknow andHyderabad under Phase-I of the programme.The above said network was dedicated tothe nation on 23rd March, 2011 by Hon’bleMinister of Environment & Forest, Sh. JairamRamesh.

Noise Pollution Control in IGI Airport,Delhi

In compliance with the direction ofHon’ble Delhi High Court, Central PollutionControl Board constituted an expert committeeon Noise Pollution Control in and aroundIndira Gandhi International (IGI) airport,Delhi. The expert committee advised CPCBon issues related to noise pollution causeddue to aircraft movement in and around IGIairport, some of them are listed below :

– To guide the working group on technicalaspects for assessment of the noiseproblem in the vicinity of Indira GandhiInternational (IGI) Airport.

– To develop the methodology includingidentification of noise monitoringequipments, monitoring location andthe number of monitoring stationsrequired for the study

– To propose the noise monitoring networkat the IGI airport.

– To evaluate and interpret the datagenerated from the noise monitoring.

The committee was to engage an expertagency for conducting noise monitoringand noise contour mapping in and aroundIGI airport, a study proposal includingtender document has been prepared for thepurpose.

Sewage TreatmentIn-Situ Treatment of Sewage

The wastewater management is animportant aspect of water pollution. Class-Iand Class-II towns in the country generate38,254 MLD of which the treatment isprovided for only 11,787 MLD (31%). TheCentral Pollution Control Board has takeninitiatives for implementation of “In-situTreatment of sewage” by application ofmicrobial consortia in drains for interimremedial measure. The technology is able toreduce pollution load in terms of BOD, COD& Suspended Solids up to 80% and heavymetals and other chemicals upto 50%.

The demonstrative project on “In-situtreatment of sewage” has been launched atRamnagar Domora Drain, Bharatpur and A.B. Road Drain Indore. These projects areoperational presently. The technology is furtherproposed to be utilized at four locationsunder National Ganga River Basin Authority(NGRBA) Scheme at Morigate Nala,Allahabad; Bakarganj Nala, Patna and CityDrain Farukhabad and at Budha Nala,Ludhiana under National River ConservationDirectorate (NRCD).

Performance Monitoring of SewageTreatment Plant (STPs)Monitoring of Sewage TreatmentPlants at Allahabad, Mirzapur andVaranasi (Under NRCD project)

Treated effluent quality from sewagetreatment plants installed along the riverstretch from Allahabad to Tarighat (Gazipur)is being monitored regularly by CentralPollution Control Board.

STP, Jind (15 MLD)15 MLD Sewage Treatment Plant is inoperation for treatment of sewage generatedfrom Zone – A, whereas 4.5 MLD plant is

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4approved and proposed near Narwana Roadfor Zone – B.

STP, Rohtak (10 MLD)

Rohtak is bound by Jind and Sonipatdistricts on the North, Jhajjar district on theSouth, Jhajjar and Sonipat district on the Eastand Hisar and Bhiwani districts in West ofHaryana state. The domestic waste isgenerated from Rohtak city and HUDASectors. The domestic waste water generatedfrom HUDA sectors is treated in 10 MLDSewage Treatment Plant.

STP Bhattian, Ludhiana, PunjabThe Sewage treatment plant (111 MLD)

based on UASB technology was constructedand commissioned in March 2007 by PunjabWater Supply and Sewerage Board,Ludhiana, Punjab under Sutlej Action Plan atBhattian village, Ludhiana. The other twoSewage treatment plants (STPs) constructedat Ludhiana city are at Jamalpur (48 MLD)and at Balloke152 MLD.Status of Sewage Treatment Plants atJaipurSTP at Jalmahal (27 MLD)

The RUIDP Jaipur has constructed 27MLD STP at Jalmahal, the STP is managed by

Jaipur Municipal Corporation for wastewatertreatment from Bramhapuri area.Tertiary Treatment Plant (TTP) atJalmahal (7.8 MLD)

The Tertiary Treatment Plant (7.8 MLDcapacity) attached to 27 MLD sewagetreatment plant at Jalmahal being managedby Jaipur Development Authority (JDA). Thetreatment system consist of collection, flashmixture, settling and wetland treatment.

STP Delawas (62.5 MLD)

At Delawas, there are two STPs of 62.5MLD capacity each. STP Unit I wascommissioned on 15th February, 2006 whileSTP unit II is new and under stabilization.Both the STPs are having similar treatmentsystem comprising coarse & fine screens, gritseparators, primary clarifiers, diffusedaeration, secondary clarifiers, sludgethickener, centrifuge, sludge digesters andgas holders. The generated gas is being usedfor power generation to run the blower forsupplying air into diffused aeration system.

STP at Jaisingh Khor (50 MLD)

The STP at Jaisingh Khor village is anewly commissioned sewage treatment planthaving 50 MLD capacity. The plant was notfully stabilized and only 50% of the flow was

Table-25. STP at Allahabad, Mirzapur and Varanasi - An Overview

STP Place Type Capacity Operating Date of(MLD) Agency Commissioning

Mirzapur Mirzapur UASB 14 U. P. Jal Nigam 31.01.95

Allahabad Allahabad ASP 60 U.P. Jal Nigam June-July1999

Bhagwanpur Varanasi ASP 8 U.P. Jal Nigam 31.01.90(BHU)

Dinapur Varanasi ASP 80 U.P. Jal Nigam 31.01.95

DLW Varanasi ASP 12 DLW 31.01.89

Allahabad Allahabad FAB 29 U.P. Jal Nigam January2008

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being received due to improper drainagesystem.

STP at Shastri Nagar Circle (1.0 MLD)

The 1.0 MLD Sewage Treatment Plant islocated at Shastri Nagar Circle for treatingdomestic effluents. The treatment systemconsists of collection, reaction tank-I withmedia, reaction tank-II with media, tubesettler and treated water storage tank.

STP at Amberpet Hyderabad (AndhraPradesh)

The Sewage Treatment Plant having 339MLD capacity has been operational sinceyear 2009 at Amberpet, Hyderabad. TheSTP is provided with facilities of Primarysettling tank, Up-Flow Anaerobic SludgeBlanket Reactors (UASB), Facultative AeratedLagoon and Chlorination.

STPs at Bangalore (Karnataka)

Performance evaluation of two STPs at

Bangalore i.e. Cubbon Park SewageTreatment Plant and Lalbagh SewageTreatment Plant were undertaken by CentralPollution Control Board Zonal OfficeBangalore during the year.

Cubbon Park Sewage Treatment Plant

Cubbon Park Sewage Treatment Plant(Capacity: 1.5 MLD) is located opposite toKanteerva Stadium, Bangalore. This is thefirst sewage treatment plant installed withMBR technology in India and is in operationsince August 2005. The plant is sponsoredby Bangalore Development Authority. Thetreated sewage is used for maintaininggreenery in the Cubbon Park thus facilitatingthe park’s concept of “green culture” byusing recycled water for landscaping.

Lalbagh Sewage Treatment Plant

Lalbagh Sewage Treatment Plant (Capacity:1.5 MLD) is located in Bangalore is in operationsince August 2004. The plant is operated byBangalore Water Supply Sewerage Board. TheTable-26. Sewage Treatment Plants at Jaipur

S. No.

STP Treatment Technology

Capacity MLD

Actual flow in MLD

Source Disposal Compliance status

1. STP at Jalmahal

ASP

27

40

Domestic & industrial

Disposed in to Jalmahal

Complying

2. TTP at Jalmahal

TPP followed by wetland system

7.8

7.8

Outlet of Jalmahal STP

Complying

3. STP at Shastri Nagar Circle

UASB (floating media)

1.0

1.0

Domestic Plantation and drain

Not complying

4. STP at Delawas-I

ASP followed by sludge digestor

62.5 62.5 Domestic & industrial

Nallah Partially complying

5. STP at Delawas-II

62.5 62.5 Nallah Under stabilization

6. Jaisingh Khor

50 25 Domestic Nallah Under stabilization

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STP comprises of wet well, Primarytreatment units viz. fine screenchannel, grit chamber followed byactivated sludge process, clarifierand tertiary treatment system vizchemical dosage tank, flocculationtank followed by final clarifier,chlorination dosing chamber,treated effluent storage tank,centrifuge and sludge drying beds.The treated effluents are carried toLalbagh garden through HDPE pipesand used for gardening purpose.

Other Issues

Source ApportionmentStudies

Particulate matter concentrations inambient air at several towns and cities in thecountry is a major non-attainment air qualityparameter. Air quality improvement efforts inthese areas may require comprehensivescience based approach involving

– Identification of emission sources;– Assessment of extent of contribution of

these sources;– Prioritizing the sources that need to be

tackled;– Evaluation of various options for

controlling the sources with regard tofeasibility and economic viability and

– Formulation and implementation ofappropriate action plans.In view of this and as follow-up to the

Auto Fuel Policy Report, 2003, the AirQuality Monitoring, Emission Inventory andSource Apportionment Studies have beentaken up by Central Pollution Control Boardin Six cities viz. Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi,Kanpur, Mumbai and Pune with support ofpremier Research Institutes like AutomotiveResearch Association of India (ARAI); IITs ofChennai, Kanpur and Mumbai; CSIR- NEERIand The Energy Research Institute (TERI). Thestudy focussed on apportionment of fine

particulates (PM10 & PM2.5), being one of themost critical air pollutants. A NationalSummary report has been prepared, whichwas reviewed by Steering & TechnicalCommittees and also Peer Reviewed byInternational Experts. The Report wasapproved by the Govt. in December 2010.

Implementation of CorporateResponsibility for EnvironmentProtection (CREP)

Implementation of CREPrecommendations & Compliance of Standardsfor major polluting industrial sectors wereundertaken compliance through Task Forces, the major highlights of the concernedsectors are given below :– Refineries & petrochemicals : 3rd

Task Force on Oil Refineries was heldon 30th September, 2011, the followingtasks with time schedules recommendedfor implementation of CREPrecommendations and implementationof standards is briefed below:

– Possibilities of co-processing of oilysludge in Cement Kilns & PowerPlants should be explored and timetargets specified for the same -January 2012

Fig-44. Sewage Treatment Plant (STP)

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– Details of major shutdowns takenduring last five years with taskcarried out during these periods forcompliance of CREPrecommendations andimplementation of new standards -January 2012

– Compile data on particulate matteremitted, wherein the duel fuel (fuelgas and fuel oil) issued, to assessthe factor effecting achievability ofemission norms -March 2012

– To sell pet coke only to those unitshaving valid consent under Air Actand equipped with proper airpollution control devices - January,2012

– Report on Risks involved in coveringeffluent treatment facilities with VOCremoval system and measuresproposed for fool proof safety systemwill be prepared by HPCL Refinery- January, 2012

– Upload the environmental statusdetails envisaging effluentcharacteristics, source emissiondata, ambient air quality and solid/hazardous waste generated, stored& disposed on the websites forpublic information - January, 2012

– Brief note on report of Leak DetectionAnd Repair (LDAR) to assess thetotal losses along with steps takento reduce the losses will be submittedby all units - January 2012

– All the refineries will provide thereal time data on ambient air andsource emissions to CPCB. The unitswill monitor all the notifiedparameters for complianceverification - January 2012

– The refineries will strengthen theinfrastructure facilities for monitoringof all the parameters as per notifiedstandards with respect to effluent,

ambient air quality and emissions -April 2012

– The refineries will submit a detailedreport on the adequacy of processand effluent treatment facilities -March 2012

– The units should submit the detailson management of oily sludge, tankbottom sludge management. Thenew tankers, whenever inductedinto service be provided with bottomloading facilities - March 2012

Respective SPCBs to instruct the refineriesin their areas to submit detailed report on thecapacity addition, modifications carried outwith respect to process and effluent treatmentfacilities and adequacy of the ETP facilities.

– Power plants : The third meeting ofthe Task Force on Thermal Power plantsfor implementation of CREPrecommendations was held on 08th

November, 2011. Following are therecommendations for immediatecompliance by all the concerned.– All non compliant power plants

shall submit the compliance statusof directions within 30 days alongwith a bar chart for implementationof Action Plan for achieving theenvironmental norms in a time boundmanner.

– Thermal Power Plants who do notcurrently have in place the AshWater Recirculation Systems (AWRS)should plan for the same immediatelyand submit a time bound ActionPlan.

– DVC, in respect of all their olderplants, shall provide AWRS and dryfly ash collection systems.

– UPRVUNL shall submit a time boundaction plan along with a Bar Chartfor all its activities being taken andachievements for improvement ofenvironmental conditions including

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flyash utilisation by December,2012.

– APGENCO’s Power Plants shallprovide with an online AAQmonitoring stations and stackemission monitors by July 2012 andall stations connected to CPCB /SPCB Server.

– All power plants shall submit ActionPlan to achieve 100 % flyashutilisation as per 03 November,2009 Notification.

– NTPC to take urgent initiatives onco-processing of wastes in respectof their thermal power plants.

– Standards should be developed forthe parameters SO2 & NOX for theplants using imported coal/pet coke.A meeting in this regard should beorganised by CPCB soon.

– Backfilling of mines (open cast) maybe permitted on a case to case basisonly after CPCB / concerned SPCBis satisfied that proper compactionand studies for soil stability, leachingimpact including toxicity andradiological impact study have beencarried out in each case.

– Integrated/ joint studies forEnvironmental Impact Assessmentneed to be taken up for the areaslike Singrauli, Korba, Talcher,Ratnagiri etc.

– Methodology for assessing bankguarantee needs to be spelt out.CPCB is working on the same andwould soon be bringing out suitableguidelines in this regard.

– Iron & Steel : National Task Force(NTF) for Iron & Steel has been constitutedfor the implementation of Environmentalstandards and improving theenvironmental performance of the Iron &Steel plants in the country. NTF meetingsare held at periodic intervals at various

steel plants located in India. The last NTFmeeting was held on 21st December,2011 at CPCB, Delhi.NTF meeting discussed on compliancestatus of Integrated Iron & Steel Plantand Sponge Iron Plants, andimplementation status w.r.t. CREP actionpoints and technology interventions bythe industry.

Environmental Quality Monitoring inCritically Polluted Areas

Central Pollution Control Board hasengaged Third Party agencies, i.e. M/s SGSIndia Pvt. Ltd. and M/s Vimta Labs formonitoring of air, water and ground waterquality in 43 Critically Polluted Areas. Themonitoring was conducted in February–March, 2011.

Regarding the effectiveness in improvingthe environmental quality in critically pollutedareas from where the moratorium has beenlifted, it is pertinent to mention that someshor t - term action plans have beenimplemented / initiated. State PollutionControl Board Boards are also keepingconstant vigil over polluting industries andCommon facilities / CETPs for their effectiveoperation and maintenance. The long-termaction plans are yet to be implemented. Theactivities pertaining to technologicalintervention (adoption of cleaner technology/ fuel), sewage treatment, municipal solidwaste management, vehicular pollutioncontrol / traffic diversion, infrastructuraldevelopment / renewal, hazardous wastemanagement, up-gradation of existingenvironmental infrastructures etc. are still tobe implemented, which play a vital role inimprovement of environmental quality andreduction of CEPI scores. Therefore,improvement in total environmental status ofthe critically polluted areas would be reflectedafter implementation of long-term actionplans.

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Assessment of CEPI in new IndustrialClusters

The assessment of CEPI is a dynamicprocess and based on the annual averagedata bank CEPI may be calculated regularlyso that the impact and effect of enforcementcould be evaluated in terms of improvementin environmental quality of selected industrialclusters. Therefore, software is beingdeveloped by Central Pollution Control Boardthrough M/s DOEACC Society, Chandigarhfor web-based online calculation of CEPI,which would be shared with SPCBs. Thesoftware would enable the concerned SPCBs/ PCCs to recalculate the CEPI for their areaon regular basis to ensure better enforcementand compliance. The SPCBs / PCC would becapable in regular evaluation of CEPI for themajor industrial clusters falling under theirjurisdiction to keep constant vigil and preventfurther environmental degradation.

CETP for industrial clusters

The concept of Common EffluentTreatment Plant (CETP) was developed toachieve end-of-pipe treatment of combinedwastewater generated by clusters at lowerunit cost than could be achieved by individualindustries and to facilitate discharge,monitoring and enforcement by regulatoryagencies to ensure regular satisfactoryoperation. The Ministry of Environment &Forests, Govt. of India (MoEF) introduced afinancial support scheme (CETP Scheme)since 1994 to ensure their growth in anenvironmentally compatible manner.

In order to assess the actual unmet needfor common effluent treatment plants (CETPs)in the country, the inventorisation of allindustrial clusters was proposed to be doneby SPCBs/PCCs. The study would cover thefollowing objectives:

– State wise documentation of generalinformation on all industrial clustersin the country.

– Collecting basic information abouteffluent generation, treatment anddisposal and requirement/feasibilityfor CETP in respect of all clusters.

– Assessment of unmet need forcommon effluent treatment plants inthe country.

Formulation of Guidelines for IdolImmersion

To curb the pollution problem in river /water bodies due to Immersion of Idols, theCentral Pollution Control Board has laiddown “Guidelines for Idol Immersion”, whichhas been published under ProgrammeObjective Series: PROBES/136/2010 andalso available on CPCB’s Website(www.cpcb.nic.in) The Guidelines has beenforwarded to each State Government fornecessary action at their end.

Municipal Solid Wastes

Municipal Solid Waste ManagementDemonstration Projects

Ministry of Environment & Forests andCentral Pollution Control Board have instituteda scheme for setting up of demonstrationproject on municipal solid waste managementin accordance with Municipal Solid WasteManagement (MSW) Rules. The objective ofthe scheme is to demonstrate implementationof MSW Rules in an integrated manner. Thescheme is based on cost sharing basis, whereconcerned local body is required to contribute50% of total cost of the project. The status ofdemonstration projects undertaken at selectedtowns is given in Table-27.

Hazardous Wastes ManagementCo-Processing of HW

The Hazardous Wastes (Management,Handling & Trans-boundary Movement) Rules,2008, provided specific section (Rule 11)dedicated to utilization of Hazardous wastesas a supplementary resource or energyrecovery or after processing. In view of this,

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the Central Pollution Control Board hasbrought out guidelines on Co-processing ofdistillery spent wash in Cement/Power/SteelIndustry and taken-up trial run for co-processing of few categories of wastes andregular permission for the same is beinggranted. The potential of incinerable wastegeneration from the southern states of thecountry are as follows:

Co-Processing of Wastes in CementPlant, Thermal Power Plant and SteelPlant - Project Funded by MoEF

A MoEF funded two years project on “Co-processing of hazardous and other wastes incement plants, iron & steel plants and thermalpower plants’ to explore the possibility of co-processing Hazardous waste in environmentallyfriendly manner as well save coal (the mainfuel) in these plants. Twenty five cement plants,six thermal power plants and eight steel plantshave been identified for co-processing of thirtydifferent types of wastes.

The permission for Co-processing ofvarious wastes in cement kilns are being

granted by CPCB after successful trial runs.So far, twenty five cement industries arepermitted for regular co-processing ofHazardous Wastes, so far 15,53,253 tonnesHazardous Wastes have been co-processedin cement kilns.

Co-processing of wastes in Thermalpower plants is a new initiative. As perinternational literature, not much work hasbeen done with respect to co-processing ofindustrial wastes in Thermal Power Plants.Only selected wastes such as biomass, woodresidue, Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF), Tireshave been tried for co-processing in othercountries. Thermal power Plants were pursuedto identify the wastes along with quantitiesavailable in the vicinity and submit proposalsto CPCB for conducting trial-runs. Six plantshave shown their interest for co-processing ofwastes like ETP sludge (from Paint, Refinery,Petrochemical etc.), RDF, Used / spent oilSludge, waste oil recycling, Used Resin,Plastic waste, Pet coke, Oil soaked cottonfrom hydro plants & Spent Pot Lining).However, hazardous wastes like Spent Pot

Table-27. Status of demonstration projects undertaken at selected towns

S. No. State Towns Status1. West Bengal North Dum-Dum & Completed

New Barrackpore2. UT Chandigarh Chandigarh Completed3. Tamil Nadu Udumalpet Delayed4. Kerala Kozhikode (MoEF) –5. Himachal Pradesh Mandi Completed Ph-I6. Andhra Pradesh Suryapet Completed7. Nagaland Kohima Delayed8. Maharashtra Jalna Delayed9. Arunachal Pradesh Itanagar Withdrawn10. Sikkim South West District Delayed11. Tripura Agartala Completed Ph-I12. Gujarat AUDA (MoEF) –

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Lining (SPL) and ETP Sludge from textileindustry have been co-processed in thermalpower plants as an initiation.

Co-Processing of Distillery Spent Washin Thermal Power Plant

Feasibility for co-processing of spentwash from distillery at Raichur Thermal PowerStation, (KTPS) KPCL is being assessed withthe experts from SINTEF, Norway. HigherChloride & moisture content in spent wash ismatter of concern.

Co-Processing of Spent Pot Lining inThermal Power Plants

Two trial run studies for co-processingof Spent Pot Lining, a waste from aluminiumPlant, have been conducted at CPP of M/sHINDALCO Ltd. located at Renukoot, UP andHirakud, Orissa.

Central Pollution Control Board proposed,co-incineration of concentrated spent wash incement kiln as it contains significant calorificvalue (around 4000 kcal).

Emission from the Kiln state wasmonitored for various parameters as differentcement plants monitoring results are depictedin figure 45, 46 and 47.

Hazardous Waste Contaminated Sites

The indiscriminate disposal of hazardouswastes may generate contaminated sites

which pose health and environmental risks tosurface & groundwater. An initial list of suchcontaminated dump sites in the country wasprepared by the Supreme Court MonitoringCommittee (SCMC)during October 2006(constituted by the Hon’ble Supreme Court ofIndia in the matter of Writ Petition (Civil) No.657 of 1995), which reported the presenceof 141 sites.

The Central Pollution Control Board(CPCB) has further updated the list of suchsites as per preliminary information received

Fig-45. Nitrogen Oxides Concentration in Kiln Stack

Table-28. Incinerable Hazardous WasteGeneration in Southern States

State No. of Quantity No. ofUnits MT/A cement/

TPP/Steel &Iron units

Andhra 1739 31659 23Pradesh

Karnataka 1028 5486 15

Kerala 23 439 5

Tamilnadu 276 30735 28

Goa 56 21625 Nil

Puducherry 86 25 Nil

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4Fig-46. Hydrocarbon (HC) Concentration in Kiln Stack

Fig-47. Dioxin & Furan Concentration in Kiln Stack

Table-29. Hazardous Waste Contaminated Dump Sites

State Contaminated Dump Sites Current Number ofReportedby SCMC Contaminated Dump Sites

Andhra Pradesh 40 -Assam 5 -Delhi - 21Gujarat 7 2Karnataka 18 -Kerala 1 4Madhya Pradesh 4 4Maharashtra 10 -Orissa 21 21Punjab 14 5Rajasthan 1 1Tamil Nadu 2 2Uttar Pradesh 10 5West Bengal 8 8Total 141 73

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from State Pollution Control Boards/PollutionControl Committee’s (SPCBs/PCCs). Presentlythere 73 hazardous waste contaminateddump sites. The list is under constant reviewand contains preliminary information / dataon the nature and extent of contamination,which may require further examination.Change in number of sites from the originalSCMC list is due to in-appropriate assessmentof wastes and containment/shifting ofhazardous material to TSDFs by SPCBs.

Hazardous waste contaminated dumpsites existing in Kerala and Madhya Pradeshwere jointly visited by a team comprisingofficials of Central Pollution Control Boardand NGRI to assess present levels ofcontamination.

Plastic Waste ManagementCo-processing of Plastic Wastes inCement Kiln

Plastic products have become an integralpart in our daily life as a basic need. Plasticsare produced on a massive scale worldwideand its global production has crossed 150million tonnes per year. In India,approximately eight Million tonnes of plasticproducts are used every year (Estimate Year

2008). The Plastics finds broad range ofapplication in films, wrapping materials,shopping and garbage bags, fluid containers,clothing, toys, household and industrialproducts and building materials. Although,most plastics are recyclable, but recycledproducts become more hazardous than virginplastic products. The non-biodegradability ofplastic products and unskilled processing ofrecycled plastics raises several criticalenvironmental issues.

Plastic waste generated from variouscities and towns becomes part of municipalsolid waste (MSW) in case it is not collectedby rag pickers, recyclers etc. It is estimatedthat approximately 15,342 tonnes/day (TPD)of plastic waste (per capita basis) is generatedin the country. To mitigate plastic wastedisposal problems, Central Pollution ControlBoard in association with Madhya PradeshPollution Control Board has taken initiative touse plastic waste in Cement plant at ACC,Kymore, Katni, Madhya Pradesh. The stackmonitoring result revealed that emission valuesare found below the standard set for CommonHazardous Waste Incinerators.

Bio-Medical Waste ManagementStatus on Bio-medicalWaste Management in thecountry

Central Pollution ControlBoard (CPCB) is regularlypursuing with the State PollutionControl Boards and PollutionControl Committees to getannual report on bio-medicalwaste management in therespective State / UnionTerritories. There has beenincrease in number of commonBio-medical waste treatmentfacilities over the years and atpresent there are 185 CentralBiomedical Waste TreatmentFig-48. Plastic waste

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4vide letter No. Nil dated April 13, 2010

– M/s AGA Process Solutions for“Microwave Disinfection System”Submitted vide letter No. Nil dated April28, 2010;

– “Portable dual Mediburn-Medical Bio-Waste Incinerator” Submitted vide letterNo. Nil dated May 07, 2010 receivedfrom M/s Henna Marine EngineeringDMCC, Vile Parle (E), Mumbai,Maharashtra

The feasibility reports are under evaluation.

Facilities (CBWTFs) (168 under operation +17 under construction) to facilitate propertreatment and disposal of bio-medical wastein the Country.

The State / Union Territory-wise HealthCare Facilities (HCFs) applied for authorization& granted authorization by respective StatePollution Control Boards / Pollution ControlCommittees is presented in Fig-49.

Evaluation of Proposed State-of-ArtTreatment Technologies for Safedisposal of Bio-Medical Waste

Central PollutionControl Board Organized10th Expert CommitteeMeeting on 1st September,2010 wherein three newState-of-Art TreatmentTechnologies for safedisposal of Bio MedicalWaste were considered:

– M/s TradeInternational for theTechnology “PIWS3000 (Static /Mobile)” Submitted

Table-30. Bio-Medical Waste Management Scenario in the CountryNo. of healthcare facilities 129511No. of No. of beds 1368839No. of Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facilities 185No. of healthcare facilities (HCFs) using CBWTFs 95410No. of healthcare facilities applied for authorization 57180No. of healthcare facilities granted authorization 53813Quantity of bio-medical waste generated in Tons/day 405.7*Quantity of bio-medical waste treated in Tons /day 292.0No. of incinerators (excluding CBWTFs)

(i) With Air Pollution Control Device 250(ii) Without Air Pollution Control Device 297

No. of Autoclaves 2569No. of Microwaves 173No. of Shredders 4271

Note: * Above details excluding the bio-medical wastes generated from Sikkim SPCB as well as Bio-medicalwastes generated (about 9.25 Tons per day) from Armed Forces Health Care Establishments

Fig-49. State / UT-wise Health Care Facilities applied for Authorization andNumbers Granted Authorization

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Management of E-Waste

The Central Pollution Control Board hasbeen actively involved in drafting of e-Waste(Management and Handling) Rules andcontributed significantly. The draft rules werenotified vide Govt. of India GazetteNotification S.O.1125 (E), dated 14th May,2010 inviting objections and suggestionsfrom all persons likely to be affected. Themajor highlights of these rules are that theproducers have been given the responsibilityfor collection of e-Waste generated from theend of life of their products, in line with theprinciple of Extended Producer Responsibility,to ensure that such e-Waste are channelizedto registered dismantlers or recyclers. Theproducer will also ensure collection andchannelization through their authorizedcollection agencies

Development of EnvironmentalStandards

Effluent Standards for Soda AshIndustry

The studies were conducted at fourlocations viz. Mithapur, Porbandar, Sutrapadaand Bhavnagar where various soda ashmanufacturing units viz. Tata Chemicals Ltd,Saurashtra Chemicals Ltd, Gujarat HeavyChemical Ltd and Nirma Ltd, respectivelyrelease their effluents. The study wasundertaken in association with NationalInstitute of Oceanography (NIO), Goa .Therevised effluent standard are undernotification.

Review of Emission Standards andPreparation of ComprehensiveIndustry Document (COINDS) onManmade Fibre Industry

The objectives of study include review ofexisting effluent standards for Rayon andNylon Industry. The study was initiated in

association with NEERI Nagpur. The drystudy has been completed, while in-depthstudy is in progress.

Harmonization of EnvironmentalStandards for Pesticide Industry

Effluent and Emission standards forpesticide industry were notified notified at Sl.No 40, 71 & 101 in Schedule I, the samewere reviewed during sixth meeting held on13th January 2011 of Reconstituted ExpertCommittee. The Environmental Standards havebeen harmonized and recommended to bringunder single Sl. No. 40.

Implementation of NewEnvironmental Standards and MassBased Standards for Petroleum OilRefineries

To discuss the issues and compilation onstatus of implementation of revised effluentand emission standards for oil refineriesnotified under the Environment (Protection)Act, 1986. An Interaction meeting withrepresentatives of various Oil Refineries washeld on 22nd January, 2011 at CentralPollution Control Board, Delhi

Environmental Standards for Iron OreMining & Ore Processing

Emission and effluent standards for IronOre Mining and ore processing has beennotified on 04th October, 2010.

Environmental Standards for SinteringPlant in Steel Industry

The project has been initiated withobjective to assess cleaner technologies forsintering plant of Steel Plants for betterenvironment management improvingproduction and energy efficiency. The projectalso aims at developing of new PM emissionsstandards for sintering plants to replace oldstandards of 150 mg/Nm3.

Harmonization of SO2 EmissionStandards from Sulphuric Acid Plantof Smelter and Fertilizer Plant

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The emission standard for Sulphur Dioxide(SO2) in Sulphuric Acid plant of Smelter hasbeen harmonized with that of Fertilizer plant.The amended standards have been notified.

Environmental Standards for RubberProcessing and Rubber ProductsIndustry

The studies for development ofEnvironmental Standards for Rubber Industryhave been undertaken by Central PollutionControl Board based on the study theenvironmental standards for RubberProcessing and Rubber Products Industry hasbeen notified under the Environment(Protection) Rules, 1986

Development of EnvironmentalStandards and Guidelines for Glue &Gelatin Industry

The study for Development ofEnvironmental Standards and Guidelines forGlue & Gelatin Industries has been completedbased on the findings the environmentalstandards for Glue & Gelatin Industry isbeing undertaken.

Environmental Standards and GoodPractice for Automobile ServiceStations, Bus Depots and Workshops

The study for Development ofEnvironmental Standards and Good Practicefor Automobile Service Stations, Bus Depotsand Workshops has been completed andfinal report submitted based on the reportthe environmental standards are underfinalization

Development of EnvironmentalStandards & guidelines for PlywoodIndustries

CPCB has undertaken the study forDevelopment of Environmental Standards &guidelines for Plywood Industries. Monitoringin all Zones of the country has been completedand interim report is under finalisation.

Revision of Emission norms for DieselEngine Genset and Genset driven byPetrol and Kerosene

In the 12th meeting of the “StandingCommittee on Emission from RIC engine foroff-road applications” the emission norms fordiesel kerosene & Petrol operated gensetswere taken up for review. The draft notificationshall be notified.

Generator Set Type Approval and COPcertificate for Noise Compliance

It is mandatory for gensets manufacturersto obtain NOC for Type approval and Noisecompliance for which the procedure hasbeen simplified and streamlined.

ARAI, NSTL, FCRI, NAL, ICAT, NationalTest House have been identified by CPCB ascertifying agencies for monitoring andissuance of Type Approval and COP certificatefor Noise Compliance and ARAI, VRDE, ICATfor emission compliance. To reduce theworkload of the certification agencies andtime, it was decided to increase the numberof Certificate Agencies and accordingly,ICAT and National Test House (Ghaziabad)have been added to the list of CertificationAgencies for Noise Compliance.

Mass AwarenessParyavaran Darshan Pogramme onDD National

Central Pollution Control Board launcheda weekly TV program ‘Paryavaran Darshan’on 5th June 2010 on the occasion of WorldEnvironment Day. The program is beingtelecast by national broadcasting agencyviz. Doordarshan through DD National (total19 channels) and 18 regional centres. TheRegional Kendra broadcast shall be in thelocal language and cover region specificenvironmental issues with co-operation fromthe State Pollution Control Board. The twelvelanguages for telecasting include Hindi,Gujrati, Malayalam, Assamese, Kashmiri,Bengali, Oriya, Marathi, Kannada, Tamil,

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Telugu, and Punjabi. CPCB for the first timehas involved TV as a medium for spreadingmass awareness on environmental issues.

Fly Ash UtilizationIntroduction

Fly ash is the finely divided mineralresidue resulting from the combustion ofground powdered coal in electric generatingplant. Fly ash consists of inorganic matterpresent in the coal that has been fused duringcoal combustion. The fast increasing demandof power coupled with its dependence oncoal for at least 2/3rd of its energyrequirement is generating large volume of flyash. The Ministry of Environment and Forestshas issued notification and its amendmentsunder the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986for fly ash utilization. These are as follows:

– Fly Ash utilization Notification S.O.763(E) of 14th September 1999.

– Amended notification S.O. 979 (E)of 27th August 2003.

– Amended notification S.O. 2804(E) of 3rd November 2009.

The objectives of these notifications areto protect environment, conserve the top soil,prevent dumping of fly ash from ThermalPower Stations on land and to promoteutilization of ash in the manufacture ofbuilding materials and construction activity.The implementation of these Notifications hasresulted in steady increase in the utilizationof fly ash. The 2nd Meeting of the of theMonitoring Committee, constituted inpursuance of the provisions contained Fly ashUtilisation Notification, was held on 20th

December, 2011.

Environmental Health

The Ministry had initiated environmentalepidemiological studies in different areas ofindoor and outdoor pollution so as to identifyand develop programmes to create database and suggest environmental mitigationmeasures. Continued research in health effectsof ambient air pollution is necessary toevaluate changing trends and to suggestcorrective measures.

Development and Promotion of CleanTechnology

Introduction and objectives

Clean Technologies, as distinct from“end-of-pipe” abatement technologiesminimize the generation of waste streams inthe production processes and utilize wastefrom other consumption goods and productionprocesses, rather than treating the wasteafter generation. A grant-in-aid Scheme onDevelopment and Promotion of CleanTechnologies was initiated in 1994 with thefollowing objectives:-

– Development & Promotion of CleanerTechnologies

– Development of Tools and Techniques forPollution Prevention

Table -31. ‘Paryvaran Darshan’ Programmeon DD National

S. DD Regional LanguageNo Kendra1 DD National Hindi2 Ahmadabad (Gujarat) Gujarati3 Thiruvananthapuram(Kerala) Malayalam4 Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh) Hindi5 Shimla (Himachal Pradesh) Hindi6 Guwhati (Assam) Assamese7 Srinagar (J & K) Kashmiri8 Jaipur (Rajasthan) Hindi9 Kolkata (West Bengal) Bengali10 Bhubaneswar(Orissa) Oriya11 Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) Hindi12 Patna (Bihar) Hindi13 Mumbai (Maharashtra) Marathi14 Bangalore (Karnataka) Kannada15 Chennai(Tamil Nadu) Tamil16 Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh) Telugu17 Jalandhar (Punjab) Punjabi18 Ranchi (Jharkhand) Hindi19 Raipur (Chhattisgarh) Hindi

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– Formulation of Sustainable DevelopmentStrategies

Activities undertaken and completed

Since the inception of the scheme in1994, important activities undertaken include;

– Demonstration projects– Life Cycle Assessment– Carrying Capacity Studies– Creation of data base for Clean

Technologies– Training programmes for Adoption

of Clean Technologies etc.Progress made during the year

Under the scheme progress made are asfollows:

– Progress Review Committee meetingswere organized at the site to monitor theprogress of the projects.

– It has been decided by the Ministry tomerge the two schemes on “Development& Promotion of Clean Technology andIndustrial Pollution Abatement throughPreventive Strategies (WasteMinimisation).

– EFC & Guidelines of the merged scheme“Development & Promotion of CleanTechnology and Waste MinimisationStrategies has been finalized.

– A meeting of a group of officers forEvaluation of projects was held on 20thJanuary, 2012 where the followingprojects were cleared for financialassistance:– Demonstration Project of PLASMA

Technology for Waste Destructionby M/s Jyoti OM Chemical ResearchCentre Pvt. Ltd., Ankleshwar.

– Development and Demonstration ofNano-sized TiO2- based Photocatalytic Oxidation Technology forcontrolling VOCs at Source by IIT,Kanpur.

Ongoing Projects: Under the grant-in-aidscheme eleven projects were continued duringthe period. These are:

– Effective removal of arsenic from groundwater at by CSMRI, Gujarat.

– Implementation of LPS Technology byM/s ABC Paper, Punjab.

– Development of Fly Ash Based Geo-polymer Concrete Pre-cast Elements byAnnamalai University, Tamil Nadu.

– Life Cycle Assessment of Wood andBamboo Composite Products by IPIRTI,Bangalore.

– Capacity Building of EnvironmentalOfficers on Cleaner Production/Technology by FICCI, New Delhi.

– Life Cycle Assessment for constructionIndustry – concrete by NCCBM, Haryana

– Performance Evaluation theBiodegradation of Absorbable OrganicHalides (AOX) from Pulp and PaperMills by AMU, Aligarh.

– Environment Friendlier Technology inGlass Industry by Winrock International.

– Clean Technology for the recovery ofGold, Silver and other allied materialsfrom E-waste by Mysore University.

– Demonstration of Clean Technology forlandfill gas recovery by TERI, NewDelhi.

– Creation of Data Base and Evolving aMechanism for Capacity Building in thefinancial sector and application of fiscalinstrument for clean technology projects,CPCB, Delhi.

– Life Cycle Assessment Life CycleAssessment Studies in Thermal PowerPlants, Steel, Pulp and Paper and Cement(from cradle to gate) has been completed.Second phase of the project i.e. gate tograve is continuing during the currentfinancial year.

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– Carrying Capacity Studies: Carryingcapacity studies of Greater Kochi Region,Doon Valley, Damodar River Basin, TapiEstuary and National Capital Region(NCR), Natural Resource AccountingStudies for Upper Yamuna Basin; hasbeen completed.

– Creation of data base for CleanTechnologies: Data Base on theavailable cleaner technologies in thecountry as well as in abroad, Evolvinga Networking Mechanism of the ResearchInstitutions of the country, CapacityBuilding in the financial sector andapplication of fiscal instruments foradoption of clean technologies by theSmall Scale Industries are in progress.

Brief summary of these completedproject are

– Defluridation of water using naturalmaterials for better drinking water supplyin rural regions by JNU, New Delhi.Present study is based at finding lowcost, environment friendly method forremoval of fluoride. The column studyreveals that use of the amount of materialsaccording to fluoride removal capacityseems to be very effective.A pilot plant has been set-up atSamalpathi Village, Tamil Nadu. Thewater supplied by the water works deptt.contain fluoride in excess of WHO limitof 1ppm. This technology was used forremoval of fluoride from the drinkingwater proved to be highly effect. Thelevel of original fluoride content wasfound to be as 3.5 ppm. This has beenreduced to 0.9 ppm when passed throughthe column which was packed with thenatural material.

– Demonstration of environmentally soundtechnology for regenerating/recovery/recycling of paint sludge by NPC, NewDelhi.Main objective of the study is to compare

advantages and disadvantages of optionsfor managing paint waste, to developand demonstrate environmentally soundtechnology for re-processing/recovering/recycling of Paint Sludge from automobilesector. A pilot recycling facility was setup for assessing technical and economicfeasibility of converting paint sludge torecycled primer. The paint sludge sampleswere collected from different large-scaleautomobile units to undertake researchand development work so as to meet theirquality criteria. Finally the paint sludgewas converted in to a Recycled Primer.The developed product has been givento industries for undertaking quality testson their own and the same was found tobe in line with their requirements.The current paint sludge regenerationtechnology under review is aimed at servingdual purpose of efficient resource utilizationand environmental management. Thevarious themes which have been addressedthrough the current technology are – resourceconservation, waste minimization,promotion of cleaner productiontechnologies and environmental protectionother benefits derived from the adoption ofregeneration technology are reduction ofLandfill Space, Conserving NaturalResources, Benefits to Waste Generatorsusing Regenerated Paint Sludge etc.

Industrial Pollution Abatementthrough Preventive Strategies (WasteMinimisation for Small & MediumIndustries)

Introduction and objectives

Main objective of the waste minimizationschemes is to optimize the consumption ofraw materials and also reduce wastegeneration by adopting production techniqueswhich are cleaner in nature and can beadopted by the existing units withoutnecessarily changing the production processesor unit operations. The detailed objectives ofthe scheme are following:

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– To assist the primary small scale unitsand some medium scale units who donothave access to the requisite technicalexpertise to achieve waste minimizationbut exclude procurement of equipmentand hardware.

– Establishing and running WasteMinimization Circles (WMCs) in clustersof Small & Medium Industries.

– Capacity building in the area of WasteMinimization/Cleaner Production.

– Waste Minimization demonstrationstudies in selected industrial sectors.

– Preparation of sector specific manualson waste reduction, reuse and recycling.

– Awareness programs and preparationof compendium of success stories oncleaner production/waste minimization.

Activities undertaken and completed

(a) Demonstration projects (b)Establishment of Waste Minimization Circles,(c) Training programmes (d) Organization ofworkshops/seminars (e) Publications ofNewsletters (f) Developing AwarenessMaterial on Waste Minimization.

Progress made during the year

– Under the scheme on Abatement throughPreventive Strategies (Waste Minimisation)the progress made during the financialyear 2011-12 are as follows:– Progress Review Committee meetings

were organized at the site to monitorthe progress of the projects.

– It has been decided by the Ministryat the high level meeting to mergethe two schemes on “Development& Promotion of Clean Technologyand Industrial Pollution Abatementthrough Preventive Strategies (WasteMinimisation).

– EFC & Guidelines of the mergedscheme “Development & Promotionof Clean Technology and Waste

Minimisation Strategies has beenfinalized.

– A meeting of a group of officers forEvaluation of projects was held on20th January, 2012 where thefollowing projects were cleared forfinancial assistance:– Synthesis of Polymer Nano

Hydrogel and Development ofHybrid Waste Water TreatmentSystem Using CavitationTechnique and Hydrogel byDepartment of AdvanceTechnology, University Pune,Pune.

– Development of ReactiveThermal Plasma Reactor toSynthesise SiALON and SiliconNitride Based Ceramics from FlyAsh by Department ofManufacturing Engineering,Annamalai University, T.N.

Ongoing Projects: Under the grant-in-aidscheme, nine projects continued during theperiod. These projects are as under:

– Waste Minimization in small scaleIndustries by NPC, New Delhi.

– Clean Technology for wasteMinimization from NutraceuticalIndustry, Mysore University, Mysore.

– Minimization of EnvironmentalImpacts of Slaughter House Wastesby AMU, Aligarh.

– Biological Liquefaction of WasteFleshing and Treatment with TanneryEffluent for Biogas Generation inSingle Reactor by CLRI, Chennai.

– Waste Minimisation Studies inElectroplating Operation by M/sAPITCO, Hyderabad.

– Evaluation of Refuse Derived Fuelfrom Waste Plastics as Engine FuelSubstitute by Annamalai University.

– Production of bioelectricity fromsludge and domestic wastewater

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using microbial fuel cell Universityof Calcutta, Kolkata.

– Waste Minimisation through co-composting by AnnamalaiUniversity.

– Waste Minimisation in MoradabadBrassware Cluster by TERI, NewDelhi.

– Establishment of WasteMinimisation Circles (WMC):A total of 157 Waste MinimisationCircles in 41 sectors has been establishedthrough out the country till date. Duringthe IIIrd phase of the project, 24 WMC,has been established in the importantclusters.

– Organisation of workshops/seminars: The National ProductivityCouncil has organized four regionalworkshops at Chennai, Ahmadabad,Hyderabad, Kolkata and Bangaloreduring the current financial year andfour local levels at Indore, Devaas,Nagpur and Khurja.

Achievements made during the year

– Under the grant-in-aid schemetwo projects has been completedon “Abatement of Pollutionthrough Preventive Strategies(Waste Minimisation)”.– Waste Minimisation studies in

Electroplating Industries inBalanagar Industrial area,Hyderabad by EPTRI, Hyderabad.

– Enhancing the EnvironmentalPerformance and Competitivenessof Vegetable Oil Industry in AndhraPradesh Winrock International India,Gurgaon.

Brief summary of the completedprojects

Waste Minimisation Studies inElectroplating Industries in Balanagar

Industrial area, Hyderabad by EPTRI,Hyderabad.

Electroplating is one of the severaltechniques of metal finishing with largestusers of many toxics chemicals in the country.This is the second largest end user of nickeland nickel compounds and end user ofcadmium and cadmium compounds.

Electroplating is achieved by passing anelectric current through a solution containingdissolved metal ions and the metal object tobe plated. The metal object serves as thecathode in an electrochemical cell, attractingions from the solution. Ferrous and non-ferrous metal objects are plated with avariety of metals including aluminum, brass,bronze, cadmium, copper, chromium, gold,iron, lead, nickel, platinum, silver, tin, andzinc. The process is regulated by controllinga variety of parameters including voltageand amperage, temperature, residence times,and purity of bath solutions. Plating baths arealmost always aqueous solutions, therefore,only those metals that can be reduced inaqueous solutions of their salts can beelectrodeposited. The only major exceptionto this principle is aluminum, which can beplated from organic electrolytes.

The proposed study has made somevery useful recommendations which can leadto waste minimisation through recovery ofmetals, waste consumptions and energysavings etc. in the electroplating sector.

Enhancing the EnvironmentalPerformance and Competitiveness ofthe Vegetable Oil Industry by WinrockInternational.

Edible oil industry generates largequantities of wastewater. The wastewater ofcotton seed edible oil mills can be categorizedinto process wastewater and non-processwastewater. Process wastewater contributes tomost of the pollution load in the effluent beingdrained by the industry; while non-process

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wastewater constitutes the major portion oftotal wastewater quantity. The process effluentis high in BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, oil, phosphate,sulfate and chloride. Concentration of thesepollutants in the process effluent is muchhigher than allowable limits. These pollutantsneed to be removed from the effluent toprevent the damage being done to theenvironment. Apart from liquid waste, solidwaste and air emissions are also generated.Solid waste generation is mainly in the formof spent earth, filter-cloth, and spent catalyst.Spent earth and spent catalyst are in slurryform and are combined together to extractwhat is known as “Carbon Oil” before theirfinal disposal. After carbon oil extraction, theleft over slurry is sold to contractors. Due tothese problems and continuous pressure fromregulators and local government to improvethe environmental situation, many units havebeen forced to close down their operations.As a result, the sustainability of the industryhas been at stake.

Hazardous Substances Management(HSM)

Brief Introduction and Objectives

Planning and overseeing theimplementation of policies and programs onmanagement of chemical emergencies andhazardous substances is the task assigned tothe Hazardous Substances ManagementDivision (HSMD). The mandate is to promotesafe handling, management and use ofhazardous substances which includeshazardous chemicals, hazardous and otherwastes. The Scheme has the following mainobjectives:

– Creation of Hazardous SubstancesManagement Structure in the States.

– Chemical Safety - management ofchemical accidents.

– Proper handling and disposal of wastes.The following four International Conventionsare also handled in HSM Division:

– The Basel Convention on the Control ofTrans-boundary Movements ofHazardous Wastes and their Disposal.

– Rotterdam Convention on Prior InformedConsent Procedure for certain HazardousChemicals in International Trade.

– Stockholm Convention on PersistentOrganic Pollutants (POPs).

– Strategic Approach to InternationalChemicals Management (SAICM).

Activities undertaken so far

Hazardous Waste ManagementStrategy

– A National Strategy on Hazardous WastesManagement has been formulated tofacilitate effective management ofhazardous wastes, so as to avoidenvironmental pollution and adverse healtheffects due to their improper handling &disposal. This strategy prescribeapproaches and action points for regulatorybodies, generators of hazardous waste,recyclers and operators of facilities inorder to minimize, recycle, treat anddispose of left over hazardous waste in anenvironmentally sound manner.

– This national strategy will facilitateimplementation of the action plan broughtout in National Environment Policy, 2006in respect of management of hazardouswaste and fulfill obligations under theBasel Convention on the Control ofTransboundary Movements of HazardousWastes and their Disposal including theirminimization, environmentally soundmanagement and active promotion ofcleaner technologies.

National Inventory of HazardousWastes

– As per information of Central PollutionControl Board (CPCB), there are about40,000 industries in the countrygenerating about 7.66 million MetricTon (MT) of hazardous waste every year,of which landfillable waste is 3.39

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million MT (44.26%), incinerable 0.65million MT (8.50%) and RecyclableHazardous Waste is 3.61 million MT(47.13%).

– The Ministry has sponsored a project onGIS based National Hazardous WasteInformation System. It is an online webbased system, which can give the statusof hazardous waste management in thecountry. The database is required to beregularly updated by all State PollutionControl Boards on web to ensure updatedstatus at all times.

Treatment, Storage and DisposalFacilities (TSDFs)

– At present, Common Treatment, Storageand Disposal Facilities (TSDFs) have beendeveloped for the disposal of landdisposable Hazardous Waste (HW) at29 different places in 16 States namely,Andhra Pradesh (2), Daman, Diu, Dadra& Nagar Havel (1), Gujarat (8), Haryana(1), Himachal Pradesh (1), Karnataka(1), Kerala (1), Madhya Pradesh (1),Maharashtra (4), Orissa (1), Punjab (1),Rajasthan (1), Tamil Nadu (1), UttarPradesh (3), Uttarakhand (1) and WestBengal (1). Total waste handling capacities(disposal capacity) of these facilities is34.21 million MT. Out of these, 14facilities in eight states have incineratorswith incineration capacity of 0.2 millionMT per annum (28.05MT/hr). Six TSDFsare under construction. During the year,financial assistance of Rs. 1.20 crore hasbeen provided for setting up of TSDF atPithampur (Madhya Pradesh).

Co- incineration of High Calorific ValueHazardous Wastes

– To promote co-processing/co-incinerationof hazardous wastes, the Ministry hasapproved a project on ‘Trail runs for Co-processing of Hazardous Wastes andother wastes in Cement Plants, PowerPlants, Iron and Steel industries’ for a

total cost of Rs. 5.04 crores. The firstinstalment of Rs. 2.00 crores has beenreleased to CPCB for carrying out trialruns for eight categories of hazardouswastes in four plants each of cement,thermal power plants, iron and steelindustries during the year 2010-11.

E-waste Management

– According to CPCB, the e-waste inventoryin India for the year 2005 has beenestimated to be 1.46 lakh tonnes, whichis expected to exceed 8.0 lakh tonnesby 2012. About sixty five cities in Indiagenerate more than 60% of the total e-waste generated in India. Ten statesgenerate 70% of the total e-wastegenerated in India. Maharashtra ranksfirst followed by Tamil Nadu, AndhraPradesh, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal,Delhi, Karnataka, Gujarat, MadhyaPradesh and Punjab in the list of e-wastegenerating states in India. Among topten cities generating e-waste, Mumbairanks first followed by Delhi, Bangalore,Chennai, Kolkata, Ahmedabad,Hyderabad, Pune, Surat and Nagpur.

– The Ministry has notified E-Waste(Management and Handling) Rules,2011 on 12th May 2011. These Ruleswill be applicable to e-waste generatedfrom IT and telecommunication equipmentand Consumer electrical and electronicsi.e. Television sets (including LCD &LED), Refrigerators, Washing Machinesand Air-conditioners. These Rulesempower the concerned State agenciesto control, supervise and regulate relevantactivities connected with e-wastemanagement such as collection,segregation, dismantling and recycling.

– The concept of Extended ProducerResponsibility (EPR) has been enshrinedin these Rules. Accordingly, Producersare required to set up collection systemsand meet the costs involved in theenvironmentally sound management of

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e-waste generated from the ‘end of life’of their own products. Besides, thresholdlimits, which are accepted globally, havebeen prescribed for six hazardoussubstances used in manufacture ofelectrical and electronics components.Producers are expected to achievereduction in use of the hazardoussubstance (RoHS) to the prescribed limitwithin a period of two years from thedate of commencement of these rules.These rules will be the main instrumentto ensure environmentally soundmanagement of e-waste. These Rulesshall come in to force from 1st May2012.

Chemical Safety

– The Manufacture, Storage and Import ofHazardous Chemical (MSIHC) Rules,1989 and the Chemical Accident(Emergency Planning, Preparedness andResponse) Rules, 1996 are the maininstruments for ensuring chemical safetyin the country. There are 1905 MajorAccident Hazard (MAH) units in theCountry, located in 304 districts.

– A sub-scheme entitled “Industrial Pocket-wise Hazard Analysis” has been inoperation since the Eighth Five YearPlan. During 2010-2011, the Ministryhas initiated preparation of HazardAnalysis and Off-site Emergency Plan for46 districts. For ensuring chemical safety,following documents have beenpublished and circulated:– Guidelines for Off-site Emergency

Plan preparation– National Chemical Accident

Database– National Profile on Major Accident

Hazard Installations– Handbook titled Do’s and Don’ts of

Highly Toxic and FlammableChemicals

The Ministry has initiated the development

of Web based Emergency Planning andResponse System for the selected districtsof Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab,Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand andUttar Pradesh States.The Ministry has developed the NationalImplementation Plan (NIP) under theStockholm Convention on PersistentOrganic Pollutants.

Plastic Waste (Management andHandling) Rules, 2011

– New Plastic Waste (Management andHandling) Rules, 2011 have been notifiedto replace the earlier Recycled PlasticsManufacture and Usage Rules, 1999,under the Environment (Protection) Act,1986. As per the new Rules, plasticcarry bags shall not be less than 40microns in thickness. Under the earlierRules, the minimum thickness for plasticcarry bags was 20 microns. Plasticcarry bags shall either be in naturalshade (colourless) or with colour inconformity with Bureau of IndianStandards (BIS) specifications. Plasticmaterial, in any form cannot be used forpacking gutkha, pan masala and tobaccoin all forms.In the new Rules, certain new featureshave been introduced. No carry bagsshall be made available free of cost toconsumers by retailers. The municipalauthority may determine the minimumprice for plastic carry bags in order toencourage their re-use so as to minimizeplastic waste generation. MunicipalAuthority shall be responsible for settingup, operationalisation and coordinationof the waste management system andfor ensuring safe collection, storage,segregation, transportation, processingand disposal of plastic waste. For this,the municipal authority may seek theassistance of manufacturers of plasticcarry bags, multilayered plastic pouchesor sachets or of brand owners using suchproducts.

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Bio-Medical Waste Management

– As per the Annual Reports submitted by theState Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) andPollution Control Committees (PCCs) ofUnion Territories for the year 2010, thereare 188 Common Bio-Medical WasteTreatment and Disposal Facilities(CBMWTDFs) in operation and 17CBMWTDFs under installation. Besides,there are 688 incinerators, 2710autoclaves, 179 microwaves, 13hydroclaves and 4250 shredders as captivetreatment equipments being operated bythe individual health care facilities.

– The Ministry has notified the draft Bio-Medical Waste (Management &Handling) Rules, 2011 on 24th August,2011 to replace the earlier Bio-Medicalwaste (Management & Handling) Rules,1998 and the amendments madethereon. It is proposed in the new Rulesinteralia to cover all the health careestablishments, including all veterinaryinstitutions generating bio-medical waste,irrespective of the number of patientsserviced per month for obtainingauthorization from the PrescribedAuthority. Presently, only those HCEswhich provide health care service for1000 patients or more per month arerequired to obtain authorization from thePrescribed Authority, i.e., the StatePollution Control Board. Varioussuggestions/objections on the draft Ruleshave been received.

– The Ministry is implementing a UNDP-GEF project on ‘Demonstrating andPromoting Best Techniques and Practicesfor Reducing Health-care Waste to AvoidEnvironmental Releases of Dioxins andMercury’, with the aim to protect humanhealth and environment from the impactsof dioxins and mercury releases. Theproject aims to demonstrate best practicesand techniques for healthcare wastemanagement in the states of Tamil Naduand Uttar Pradesh.

– Financial assistance has been providedto various organizations for conductingawareness and training programmes onBio-Medical Waste Management.

Remediation of ContaminatedHazardous Waste Dump Sites

– A project with the assistance of WorldBank is being implemented by the Ministryof Environment and Forests to remediateten highly polluted sites, two in AndhraPradesh and eight in West Bengal onpilot basis. This project will also developa National Programme for rehabilitationof polluted sites and build human andtechnical capacity in selected PollutionControl Boards for undertakingenvironmentally sound remediation ofpolluted sites. The total cost of the projectis USD 75.39 million (Rs. 339.26 croresapprox.) for a period of five years.

– This Ministry has simultaneously initiateda project for ‘Remediation of contaminatedHazardous Waste Dump Sites’ under theNational Clean Energy Fund. Twelvecontaminated areas have been identifiedas priority sites in the country. This willsupplement the work being taken underthe World Bank project.

Central Sector Scheme for setting upof Common Treatment and DisposalFacilities for Hazardous, Bio-medicaland E-wastes

– The Ministry has revamped the CentralSector Scheme to encourage setting upof common treatment and disposalfacilities for hazardous wastes and bio-medical wastes. The central governmentassistance has been increased from 10% to 25 % of total project cost. In thecase of NE States, 50 % of the total costof the project is given as centralgovernment assistance. The centralgovernment assistance is subject to theavailability of matching grant from theState government. The revised scheme

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also covers Integrated E-Waste Recycling,Treatment and Disposal facilities.

E-Waste (Management and Handling)Rules, 2011

– The Ministry has notified E-Waste(Management and Handling) Rules,2011 on 12th May 2011. These Ruleswill be applicable to e-waste generatedfrom IT and telecommunication equipmentand Consumer electrical and electronicsi.e. Television sets (including LCD &LED), Refrigerators, Washing Machinesand Air-conditioners. These Rulesempower the concerned State agenciesto control, supervise and regulate relevantactivities connected with e-wastemanagement such as collection,segregation, dismantling and recycling.

– The concept of Extended ProducerResponsibility (EPR) has been enshrinedin these Rules. Accordingly, Producersare required to set up collection systemsand meet the costs involved in theenvironmentally sound management of e-waste generated from the ‘end of life’ oftheir own products. Besides, thresholdlimits, which are accepted globally, havebeen prescribed for six hazardoussubstances used in manufacture ofelectrical and electronics components.Producers are expected to achievereduction in use of the hazardoussubstance (RoHS) to the prescribed limitwithin a period of two years from the dateof commencement of these rules. Theserules will be the main instrument to ensureenvironmentally sound management of e-waste. These Rules shall come in to forcefrom 1st May 2012.

Plastic Waste (Management andHandling) Rules, 2011

– New Plastic Waste (Management andHandling) Rules, 2011 have been notifiedto replace the earlier Recycled PlasticsManufacture and Usage Rules, 1999,

under the Environment (Protection) Act,1986. As per the new Rules, plasticcarry bags shall not be less than 40microns in thickness. Under the earlierRules, the minimum thickness for plasticcarry bags was 20 microns. Plasticcarry bags shall either be in naturalshade (colourless) or with colour inconformity with Bureau of IndianStandards (BIS) specifications. Plasticmaterial, in any form can not be usedfor packing gutkha, pan masala andtobacco in all forms.

– In the new Rules, certain new featureshave been introduced. No carry bagsshall be made available free of cost toconsumers by retailers. The municipalauthority may determine the minimumprice for plastic carry bags in order toencourage their re-use so as to minimizeplastic waste generation. MunicipalAuthority shall be responsible for settingup, operationalization and coordinationof the waste management system andfor ensuring safe collection, storage,segregation, transportation, processingand disposal of plastic waste. For this,the municipal authority may seek theassistance of manufacturers of plasticcarry bags, multilayered plastic pouchesor sachets or of brand owners using suchproducts.

Draft Bio-Medical Waste (Management& Handling) Rules, 2011

– The Ministry has notified the draft Bio-Medical Waste (Management &Handling) Rules, 2011 on 24th August,2011 to replace the earlier Bio-Medicalwaste (Management & Handling) Rules,1998 and its amendments made thereon.The draft Rules have been published forpublic comments/suggestions. Varioussuggestions/objections on the draft Ruleshave been received. The major changesproposed in the draft Rules are:

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i. Simplification of color coding forsegregation of waste at the source ofgeneration of bio-medical waste.

ii. Mandatory for obtaining of authorizationby all the Health Care Facilities (HCFs)irrespective of generation of bio-medicalwaste as well as number of patientstreated per month.

iii Constitution of district level committeefor monitoring implementation of variousprovisions of these rules.

iv. Precautionary principles including safetyof the workers handling bio-medical waste.

v. Various authorities have been identifiedwith their roles and responsibilities. TheProposed draft Rules have stipulatedduties for concerned Ministries/Departments, viz., Central and StateMinistries of Environment and Forests,Central and State Ministries of Healthand Family Welfare, Central and StateDepartments of Veterinary and AnimalHusbandry; Ministry of Defence; CentralPollution Control Board, StateGovernment or Union TerritoryGovernment or Administration; StatePollution Control Boards or PollutionControl Committees and Local Bodiessuch as Gram Panchayat, Municipalitiesor Corporations.

Draft Hazardous Substances(Classification, Packaging andLabelling) Rules, 2011

– The Ministry of Environment and Forestshas notified the draft HazardousSubstances (Classification, Packagingand Labelling) Rules, 2011 for properclassification, packaging and labellingof hazardous substances. The draft Ruleshave been published for publiccomments. The salient features of thedraft Rules include the following:

i. These rules shall apply to hazardoussubstances, hazardous chemicals anddangerous goods as specified in the listof chemicals.

ii. The responsibilities of occupier andconsigner have been prescribed. Theyare required to assign hazard classes,use proper shipping name, suitablepackaging, requisite label, marking anduse of updated Safety Data Sheet fortransportation. The Rules mandate trainingof persons engaged in handling, storageand transport of dangerous goods.

iii. Various classes of hazardous substanceshave been specified viz. explosives,gases, flammable liquids, flammablesolids, oxidizing substances, toxic andinfectious substances, radioactivematerials, corrosive substances andmiscellaneous dangerous substances.

iv. The assignment of United Nations numberand proper shipping names has beenprescribed as per its hazard classificationand composition. Packaging provisionshave been assigned for handling ofhazardous substances. Labellingprovisions, viz., trade name, substancename, Chemical Abstract Number, grossweight, name and address ofmanufacturer, importer, supplier,emergency contact number, hazard class,packing group, play card, etc havebeen provided.The draft Rules will be finalized based

on the comments to the draft Rules.

Budget allocation of the schemeduring the year and Progress ofExpenditure

An amount of Rs.7.5 crores was allocatedfor the year 2011-12 and 100% expenditureis expected to be achieved by March 2012.

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National River ConservationDirectorate

The National River ConservationDirectorate (NRCD), functioning under theMinistry of Environment and Forests isengaged in implementing the River and LakeAction Plans under the National RiverConservation Plan (NRCP) and NationalLake Conservation Plan (NLCP) by providingfinancial assistance to the State Governments.

National River Conservation Plan

Introduction

The objective of National RiverConservation Plan (NRCP) is to improve thewater quality of the rivers, which are themajor water sources in the country, throughthe implementation of pollution abatementworks, to the level of designated best use. Sofar a total of 39 rivers have been coveredunder the programme. The rivers are:

The pollution abatement works taken upso far under the NRCP include:– Interception and diversion works to

capture the raw sewage flowing into theriver through open drains and divertthem for treatment.

– Setting up Sewage Treatment Plants fortreating the diverted sewage.

– Construction of Low Cost Sanitation toiletsto prevent open defecation on riverbanks.

– Construction of Electric crematoria andImproved Wood Crematoria to conservethe use of wood.

– River Front Development works such asimprovement of bathing ghats.

– Afforestation on the river banks, PublicParticipation & Awareness etc.

Recent Initiatives in River ConservationMission

National Ganga River Basin Authority

National Ganga River Basin Authority(NGRBA) was constituted on 20th February,2009, under the chairmanship of the PrimeMinister as an empowered planning,financing, monitoring and coordinating

S. River S. River S. River S. RiverNo. No. No. No.

1 Adyar 11 Dhipu & Dhansiri 21 Mahananda 31 Tapti

2 Beas 12 Ganga 22 Musi 32 Tapi

3 Betwa 13 Godavari 23 Narmada 33 Tunga

4 Beehar 14 Gomati 24 Pennar 34 Tungabadra

5. Bhadra 15 Khan 25 Pamba 35 Tamrabarani

6 Brahmani 16 Krishna 26 Panchganga 36 Vaigai

7 Cauvery 17 Kshipra 27 Rani Chu 37 Vennar

8 Cooum 18 Mahanadi 28 Sabarmati 38 Wainganga

9 Chambal 19 Mandovi 29 Satluj 39 Yamuna

10 Damodar 20 Mandakini 30 Subarnarekha

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authority for the Ganga River,in exercise of the powersconferred under theEnvironment (Protection) Act,1986.

In its first meeting on 5th

October, 2009, the Authoritydecided that under MissionClean Ganga it will beensured that by 2020 nountreated municipal sewageand industrial effluents flowinto Ganga and theinvestments required to createthe necessary treatment andsewerage infrastructure willbe shared suitably between the Centre andthe State Governments.

An Action Plan was approved by theNGRBA in its first meeting, to achieve theaforesaid Mission objective. Implementationof this Action Plan was reviewed in the 2nd

Meeting of the NGRBA on 1st November,2010.

The following steps have been taken bythe Ministry of Environment & Forests toimplement the Action Plan:– Preparation of Basin Management

Plan: A comprehensive River BasinManagement Plan for Ganga is beingprepared. This work has been entrustedto a consortium of seven IITs (Kanpur,Delhi, Madras, Bombay, Kharagpur,Guwahati and Roorkee). In this regard,a Memorandum of Agreement (MoA)has been signed on 6th July, 2010 by theMoEF & the IITs.The Plan is being prepared with theobjective of taking comprehensivemeasures for restoration of thewholesomeness of the Ganga systemand improvement of its ecological health.The Plan will be the basis for specificprojects to be undertaken, policyinterventions required and non-project

investments under NGRBA. Theconsortium has submitted first set of fivereports. They are preparing second setof 17 reports under the Ganga RiverBasin Management Plan.

– Revision of Guidelines forpreparation of DPRs: The guidelinesprepared in the year 2002 for DetailedProject Report (DPR) preparation havebeen revised with the help of IIT Roorkee.As per new guidelines whole river basinwill be considered for funding for riverconservation schemes. Preparation ofCity Sanitation Plan is required. On thatbasis schemes will be selected andprioritized for abatement of pollution.Prefeasibility report will also be preparedbefore preparing DPR. Operation andMaintenance (O&M) plan for first fiveyears will be inbuilt in the DPR whereasfor next 10 years O&M plan based onrecovery will be included. Stake holderconsultation at project formulation stage,holistic approach and provision ofintegrated sewer network up to thehouse property line, in place of draininterception and diversion to ensure100% sewage collection, signing oftripartite MoA among Government ofIndia, State Government and Urban

Fig-50. Phawngpui Mountain – the highest peak in Mizoram

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Local Bodies to bind them for release offunds, timely completion of projects,ensure house connection and O&M ofassets, appraisal of projects proposalsby independent institutions/experts toenhance quality of DPR and costoptimization are some of the newadditions in the guidelines.

– Initial portfolio of projects: In orderto bridge the critical deficit in sewageinfrastructure and treatment capacity,and other related activities for riverconservation in towns along the riverGanga the first phase of projects worthRs.2696 crores has been approved fordevelopment of sewer networks, sewagetreatment plants and sewage pumpingstations, electric crematoria, communitytoilets, development of river fronts, etc.These projects are currently underimplementation by the states.

– Funding of NGRBA projects: Theexisting NRCP funding pattern i.e. 70:30between the Centre and States is beingfollowed for NGRBA projects. PlanningCommission has agreed to the proposalthat the O&M costs of the assets createdunder NGRBA will be shared by theCentral and State Governments on 70:30basis for three years. It was decided inthe second meeting of NGRBA thatO&M costs of assets created underNGRBA will be shared between Centreand the States for five years, with areview at the end of two/three years.During this time, the States are expectedto build the technical and financialcapacity of ULBs to ensure O&M on asustained basis.

– Measures for improvingimplementation: The following areamong the measures taken to improveimplementation of projects underNGRBA;● Standing Committee and

Empowered Steering

Committee: A Standing Committeeof NGRBA has been constituted withUnion Finance Minister as chairmanto function on behalf of the Authority,take necessary decisions andperiodically review and assessimplementation of Authority’s workprogramme and prescribe measuresto achieve its objectives. AnEmpowered Steering Committee(ESC) has been constituted forappraisal and sanction of projectproposals on a Fast Track Mode.

● State River ConservationAuthorities: To facilitate bettercoordination and implementation ofthe conservation activities at the Statelevel, Empowered State RiverConservation Authorities (SRCAs)have been notified under Environment(Protection) Act, 1986 for all the fiveGanga States.

● National Mission for CleanGanga: National Mission for CleanGanga (NMCG), a registered societyhas been setup at the central level toplan and implement the NGRBAprogramme in coordination with theState Agencies concerned. TheNMCG is headed by a MissionDirector.

● Dedicated implementationinstitutions in States: States havebeen requested to set up dedicatedentities for timely implementation andproper O&M of NGRBA projects.

● Memorandum of Agreements(MoA): Tripartite MoAs are beingsigned with the State Governments/Urban Local Bodies in respect ofsanctioned projects. The MoAsprovide for commitments by the Centreand States for funding of the projects,regular monitoring and review ofimplementation, coordination by theState Governments with the ULBs

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and other agencies to ensure synergywith programs like JNNURM/UIDSSMT etc. Twenty nine MoAshave been signed so far.

● Independent appraisal ofDetailed Project Reports:Reputed professional institutions havebeen appointed for appraisal of DPRsfor works to be taken up for sanctionunder NGRBA.

● Third Party Inspection: Third PartyInspection (TPI) for projects has beenintroduced, covering all four stagesin the life cycle of a project, namelyPre-construction, Construction,Commissioning & trial run and Post-construction. The inputs of third partyinspection will be taken intoconsideration before release of funds.

● Industrial Pollution: In order toeffectively tackle the problem ofindustrial pollution, a dedicated cellis being set up in CPCB for inspectionand monitoring of industrial unitsdischarging effluents into the riverGanga. In the first instance, the cellwill focus its efforts on the criticalstretch of about 500 kms fromKannauj to Varanasi.

National River Conservation Plan(NRCP) – (Other Schemes)

The schemes of GAP-II and other riversof the country have now been merged underone Centrally Sponsored Scheme of NationalRiver Conservation Plan based on 70:30funding pattern and presently National RiverConservation Directorate (NRCD) isundertaking all river water pollution abatementworks under this head.

At present, the National RiverConservation Plan (NRCP) includes works in190 towns along polluted stretches of 39rivers spread over 20 states (Annexure-V).This includes works undertaken under GAP-II. The total cost of the sanctioned projects is

about Rs. 7639 crore. An amount of Rs.3844 crore has been released by theGovernment of India so far. 865 schemeshave been completed as against 1151number sanctioned of schemes. 4939 mldhas been sanctioned so far on the basis ofsanctioned DPRs within the approved cost ofthe respective projects and a capacity to treat4574 mld of sewage has been created tillthe end of December, 2011 in addition to869 mld already created under the completedproject of Ganga Action Plan Phase-I.Prevention and control of industrial pollutionis being addressed by the Central and StatePollution Control Boards/Pollution ControlCommittee.National River Conservation Plan(Externally Aided Projects)Yamuna Action Plan (YAP)– (Phase-I)

Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) Phase I waslaunched by the Ministry to take up thepollution abatement works in Yamuna river inthe States Uttar Pradesh, Delhi & Haryana inApril 1993 as a component of Ganga ActionPlan Phase-II with a loan assistance fromJapan Bank for International Cooperation(JBIC). This project has been completed at atotal cost of Rs.682 crores and 269 out ofthe total 269 schemes have been completedin February 2003. Under this plan, a sewagetreatment capacity of 753.25 mld out of theenvisaged capacity of 753.25 has beencreated, with the state-wise break up of 322mld (in Haryana), 401.25 mld (for U.P.) and30 mld. (in Delhi).Yamuna Action Plan (Phase-II)

Government of India, Ministry ofEnvironment & Forests have received financialassistance of Yen 13.33 billion from theJapan International Cooperation Agency(JICA) for implementation of Yamuna ActionPlan (YAP) Phase II, which is part of theNational River Conservation Plan (NRCP).

The loan agreement betweenGovernment of Japan and Government of

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India has been signed on 31st March 2003.The project has been approved by CCEA atan estimated cost of Rs. 624 crore forabatement of pollution of river Yamuna inDelhi, UP (eight towns) and Haryana (sixtowns) under YAP-II. The cost of works underYAP-II is to be shared between Governmentof India and State Governments in the ratioof 85:15 i.e. Rs. 530 crore Central shareand Rs. 94 crore States’ share. Pollutionabatement schemes for creation of 189 mldsewage treatment capacity have beensanctioned so far under the Plan at a cost ofRs.647.86 crore, out of which an amount ofRs.358 crore has been released towardsCentral share. The works under YAP-II are inadvanced stages.

YAP-II project also includes preparationof DPRs for projects in the three States whichare proposed to be undertaken under YAP-III with JICA assistance.

The cost of works to be executed in thethree States under YAP-II comprises of:Delhi Rs. 387.17 croreUP Rs. 124.13 croreHaryana Rs. 62.50 croreMiscellaneous (WQM,Capacity building,Consultancy etc.) Rs. 50.20 crore

Yamuna Action Plan (Phase-III)

Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) Phase - IIIproject shall be implemented in Delhi with theassistance from Japan InternationalCooperation Agency (JICA) at an estimatedcost of Rs. 1656 crore. The project cost willbe shared between the Government of India(GoI) and the Government of NCT of Delhion 85:15 basis. The share of GoI will beRs. 1407.6 crore and that of Government ofNCT of Delhi will be Rs. 248.4 crore. JICAhas agreed to provide a loan assistance of$ 32571 Million to GoI for the proposedproject, which will constitute the central shareof the project equivalent to 85% of the total

project cost as per pattern adopted for theearlier JICA assisted YAP-II project.

Under YAP-III, it is proposed to rehabilitatethe damaged trunk sewers to maximize theutilization of available treatment capacity,rehabilitate and modernize the STPs in threecatchment areas of Delhi namely Okhla,Kondli and Rithala and to equip them withtertiary level treatment facilities to achievetreated effluent quality of 10 mg/l forBiochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) andTotal Suspended Solids (TSS) so as to improvethe water quality of river Yamuna. Theproposed works are (a) Rehabilitation/modernization of STPs, totaling 814 MLDcapacity at Okhla, Kondli and Rithala inDelhi. (b) Setting up of Tertiary TreatmentFacilities at the above STPs (c) Construction ofa new state of art STP in place of old STP of136 MLD capacity at Okhla. (d) Rehabilitationof sewer lines/rising mains in the twocatchments of Delhi viz Kondli and Rithala.(d) Public Outreach Activities. These workswill be integral to the Sewerage Master Planbeing prepared by Delhi Jal Board (DJB).

The project will be implemented by DJBunder the supervision of the Department ofUrban Development, Government of NCT ofDelhi. The Ministry of Environment andForests will monitor the progress of work. Theimplementation of the project will be over aperiod of seven years. Project ManagementConsultant will be appointed by DJB to assistin project implementation. The operation andmaintenance (O&M) of the assets createdunder the project will be the responsibility ofthe State Government/DJB. The project willbe completed in seven years.

National Ganga River Basin Authority(NGRBA)

JICA assisted Ganga Action Plan (GAP)Project at Varanasi

Based on the project proposal/feasibilitystudy prepared under the JICA assisteddevelopment study, the GAP project at

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Varanasi has been approved for funding byJBIC for 11.184 billion Yen.

The project consists of the followingcomponents:– Sewerage component (comprising of

trunk sewers, pumping stations andrelated rising mains, rehabilitation of oldtrunk sewers and five ghats pumpingstations, renovation of existing STPs,construction of 140 mld new STP atSathwa and land acquisition)

– Non-sewerage component (comprisingof community toilet complexes in slumareas, construction of dhobi ghats andimprovement of bathing ghats)

– Public awareness and participationprogramme

– Institutional Development programmefor the local body (Varanasi NagarNigam and Varanasi Jal Sansthan) toenable proper O&M of the assets created.

UP Jal Nigam is the project implementingagency (PIA) for the sewerage componentwhile the non-sewerage component would beimplemented by Varanasi Nagar Nigam.

Pollution abatement schemes for creationof 140 mld sewage treatment capacity havebeen sanctioned so far under the Plan at acost of Rs.496.90 crore.

World Bank Assisted project forpollution abatement of river Gangaunder NGRBA

A project with World Bank assistance forabatement of pollution of river Ganga at anestimated cost of Rs.7000 crore has beenapproved for implementation. The Bank willsupport the Government of India by providingtechnical assistance and financing of US $one billion (approx. Rs.4600 crore). Theshare of Government of India will be Rs.5100crore and that of the State Governments ofUttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhandand West Bengal will be Rs.1900 crore.States will have dedicated Project

Management Group (PMG) under the Statenodal Departments for planning, coordination,monitoring implementation and reporting ofthe projects taken up under the Programme.

To achieve the objective of MissionClean Ganga as resolved by NGRBA and toensure that by the year 2020, no untreatedmunicipal or industrial effluent will be allowedto be discharged into the river Ganga, andan investment of Rs.15000 crore wasestimated.

Other initiatives: North East

Identification of polluted stretches ofrivers and polluting towns in rest of the North-Eastern (NE) states are being carried out bythe state governments. On the basis ofsurvey, investigation and DPRs, rivers fromNE states would be considered for inclusionunder NRCP. The cost sharing ratio betweenthe Centre and States of the projects underNRCP and NLCP in the NE states is 90:10.The State Governments have been advised toprioritise the works for the polluted stretchesidentified by the CPCB and to send proposalsfor pollution abatement works.

Water Quality Management Plan forRiver Ganga

The water quality of river Ganga isbeing monitored since 1986 from Rishikeshin Uttaranchal to Uluberia in West Bengal byinstitutions such as Pollution Control ResearchInstitute, Hardwar, CPCB Zonal Office,Lucknow, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT),Kanpur, Patna University and Bidhan ChandraKrishi Vishwavidyalaya, Kalyani. As a resultof the projects completed under GangaAction Plan, the water quality of river Gangahas shown a general improvement despitetremendous population growth along theriver banks as compared to pre-GAP period.Water quality monitoring carried out byreputed institutions such as, IIT, Kanpur,Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL), PatnaUniversity, etc. indicates that, water qualityof the river Ganga conforms to the prescribed

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Table-32. Water Quality Data For River Ganga (Summer Average i.e. March-June)

S. Station/Location Distance 1986 2011No. (KM)

DO(mg/l) BOD(mg/l) DO(mg/l) BOD(mg/l)

1. Rishikesh 0 8.1 1.7 7.6 1.42. Hardwar D/s 30 8.1 1.8 7.4 1.63. Garhmukteshwar 175 7.8 2.2 7.5 1.74. Kannauj U/S 430 7.2 5.5 7.9 1.75. Kannauj D/S 433 NA NA 8.1 3.26. Kanpur U/S 530 7.2 7.2 7.7 3.37. Kanpur D/S 548 6.7 8.6 7.6 3.88. Allahabad U/S 733 6.4 11.4 7.8 5.39. Allahabad D/S 743 6.6 15.5 7.8 5.110. Varanasi U/S 908 5.6 10.1 8.0 2.911. Varanasi D/S 916 5.9 10.6 8.0 4.312. Patna U/S 1188 8.4 2.0 7.0 1.813. Patna D/S 1198 8.1 2.2 7.1 2.514. Rajmahal 1508 7.8 1.8 6.8 1.515. Palta 2050 N/A N/A 7.3 2.316. Uleberia 2500 N/A N/A 6.6 2.8

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)

Bathing Water Quality Criteria : DO equal to or more than 5.0 mg/lBOD equal to or less than 3.0 mg/l

* The above data are on the basis of the Water Quality Monitoring in various stretches of the river done bythe following independent institutions -1. Pollution Control Research Institute (PCRI), Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL), Hardwar (Rishikesh to

Anoopshahr), (Badrinath to Hardwar)2. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) (Allahabad to Tarighat)3. Deptt. of Zoology, Patna University (Buxar to Sahebganj in Bihar)4. Deptt. of Civil Engg., Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur (Kannauj U/S to Kanpur D/S), Bidhan

Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, West Bengal, (Berhampore to Uluberia)

standards in terms of key indicators, namely,Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) andDissolved Oxygen (DO) at most of thelocations, except in the stretch betweenKannauj and Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh. Thelevel of bacterial contamination in terms offecal coliform however, exceeds the maximumpermissible limit at most monitoring stationsalong the river.

The summer average values of twoimportant river water quality parameters viz.Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and BiochemicalOxygen Demand (BOD) recorded in some ofthe important monitoring stations on riverGanga is given in Table-32.

A very significant factor is increasingdemand due to large scale water extractionfor various purposes including irrigation,drinking water supply, and power projects.Besides this, inadequate operation andmaintenance (O&M) by the States, under-utilisation of the STPs in some instances,delay in acquisition of land, contractualissues, court cases, erratic power supply andinadequate capacities of local bodies/agencies and lack of involvement of civilsociety were some of the constraints faced inthe implementation of the Ganga ActionPlan. The pollution load on rivers has increasedover the years due to rapid urbanistion and

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industrialization. Domestic sewage is themajor source of pollution of rivers besidesindustrial and other non-point sources ofpollution.

The water quality monitoring has alsobeen undertaken for rivers namely, Yamuna,Western Yamuna Canal, Gomti, Hindon,Satluj (Punjab), Cauvery (Tamil Nadu),Tungbhadra in Karnataka and Waterways ofChennai. The number of monitoring stationspresently are 158 in 10 rivers which include27 stations set up in the upper reaches ofGanga and 32 stations of ChennaiWaterways.

National Lake Conservation Plan

Objectives

The objective of the Scheme is torestore and conserve the polluted lakes inurban and semi-urban areas of the countrydegraded due to waste water discharge intothe lake. The activities covered under NLCPinclude the following:– Prevention of pollution from point sources

by intercepting, diverting and treatingthe pollution load entering the Lakesfrom the entire lake catchment area.

– In-situ measures of Lakecleaning such as De-silting,De-weeding, Bio-remediation etc.depending upon the siteconditions.

– Catchments area treatmentwhich may includebunding, afforestation,storm water, drainage,fencing and shore linedevelopment etc.

– Public awareness andpublic participation

– Other activities dependingupon location specificconditions including publicinterface.

Projects approved under NLCP

The Ministry is implementing the schemeof National Lake Conservation Plan (NLCP)since June, 2001 for conservation andmanagement of polluted and degraded lakesin urban and semi-urban areas of the countrywhere degradation is primarily on account ofdischarge of waste water into the lake,through an integrated ecosystem approach.The mandate of the NLCP Scheme is pollutionprevention and conservation of perenniallakes.

So far under NLCP, a total of 41 projectsfor conservation of 61 lakes have beensanctioned in 14 States at a sanctioned costof Rs.1028.19 crore (Annexure-II I).Conservation works for 18 lakes have beencompleted so far whereas in some cases theproject implementation is in last stages ofcompletion. Funding pattern under NLCP ison a 70:30 cost sharing between the Centraland the State Government.

NLCP Guidelines

With the experience gained inimplementation of projects sanctioned underthe NLCP, it was considered imperative tomake successive improvements in the existing

Fig-51. A view of sunset at Bhor lake, Gujarat

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system of project formulation andimplementation. In the process, many of theeminent experts in the field, concerned StateGovernments/Implementing Agencies and allrelevant stakeholders were consulted. Theexisting guidelines of NLCP have since beenrevised after due incorporation of responsesof State Governments and experts feedback.

The revised NLCP guidelines are accessibleon the Ministry’s website.

Budget Allocation

Budget Allocation for 2011-12 underNational River Conservation Plan andNational Lake Conservation Plan is given inTable-33.

Table-33. Budget Allocation for 2011-12 under National River Conservation Plan andNational Lake Conservation Plan

(Rs. in Crore)

Sl. Name of the Plan Budget Revised Expenditure by GOINo. Estimate Estimate (December 2011)

1 National River ConservationDirectorate (NRCD) 6.71 6.71 4.17

2 National River ConservationPlan (NRCP) 195.00 165.00 141.02

3 National Ganga River BasinAuthority (NGRBA) 500.00 216.61 190.59

4 National Lake ConservationPlan (NLCP) 50.00 80.00 79.90

Total 751.71 468.32 385.68

Fig-52. A view of Indus river at Leh

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Names and addresses ofimplementing agencies

The names and addresses of StateImplementing Agencies under NRCP are atAnnexure-V.

National Wetland ConservationProgramme (NWCP)Brief Objectives

The programme was initiated in 1987with the following objectives:-– to lay down policy guidelines for

conservation and management ofwetlands in the country;

– to provide financial assistance forundertaking intensive conservationmeasures in the identified wetlands;

– to monitor implementation of theProgramme; and

– to prepare an inventory of Indianwetlands.

Central Wetlands RegulatoryAuthority (CWRA)

Central Government notified theWetlands (Conservation and Management)Rules - 2010 vide notification no. GSR-951(E) dated 4th December, 2010. As perthe provision under Rule 5 of these wetlandsrules, Central Wetlands Regulatory Authority(CWRA) has been constituted under thechairmanship of Secretary (E&F). The mainfunctions of CWRA are:– Appraise proposals for identification of

new wetlands.– To enforce the provisions contained under

these rules along with other laws inforce;

– Grant clearances or identify the areasfor the grant of clearance for regulatedactivities in the wetlands underjurisdictions;

– Issue whatever directions, from time totime necessary for the conservation,

preservation and wise use of wetlandsto the State Governments.

– Review the list of wetlands and thedetails of prohibited and regulatedactivities under the rules and the modeand methodology for execution.

An Expert Group on Wetlands (EGOW)has also been set up for examiningmanagement action plans of newly identifiedwetland and also identification of newwetlands for the conservation andmanagement. Functions of the Group are:– Identification of new wetlands for

conservation under NWCP.– In-depth examination of Management

Action Plans of the newly identifiedwetland as per guidelines prescribed bythe GOI.

– Suggest amendments to guidelines, ifany, for identification of new wetlands,for formulation of Management ActionPlan and for identification of priorityareas of research.

Over the years, based on therecommendations of National WetlandsCommittee, 115 wetlands have beenidentified so far for conservation under theNational Wetland Conservation Programme(Annexure-VI B).

The Research projects to supplementManagement Action Plans (M.A.Ps.) forintensive conservation on thrust areas ofresearch are considered by the ThematicGroup for conservation of Wetlands andMangroves constituted by RE Division in theMinistry. List of the research project sanctionedduring 2010-11 is annexed (Annexure-III).

Activities under MAPs of identifiedwetlands

Main Activities under MAPs of Wetlandsfor which funds provided, include:– Survey and demarcation– Catchment area treatment

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– Protection measures– Fisheries development– Weed control– Wildlife conservation– Pollution abatement– Research on various aspects of Wetlands– Eco-development activities– Education and awareness

To supplement the Management ActionPlans, assistance is also given for research& developmental activities in various thrustareas of research which are as follows:– Survey and assessment of resources– Value of wetlands– Hydrological functions and assessment

of associated values– Assessment and conservation of wetland

biodiversity– Anthropogenic pressures and natural

calamities– Socio-economic aspects

Progress/Achievements made duringthe year

National Wetland ConservationProgramme

– During the year 2011-12, ManagementAction Plans of 35 wetlands wereapproved and financial assistancereleased to the concerned StateGovernments. So far, an amount ofRs.10.34 crores has been released (till31st December, 2011) against the totalallocation of Rs.11.90 crores. Anadditional grant of Rs.3.00 crores hasbeen proposed during 2011-12 forsanction of management action plans ofthose wetlands which in-spite ofidentification could not be givenassistance for constraint of funds.

– Funds were released for eight researchprojects the new and ongoing.

– Two meetings of Central WetlandsRegulatory Authority (CWRA) held underthe chairmanship of Secretary (E&F)

– One regional workshop at Leh Ladakh(J&K) organized during the currentfinancial year for providing training towetland managers for implementation ofManagement Action Plans in high altitudewetlands in the states.

– Two new research projects sanctionedduring current financial year.

– As per decision of CWRA in the firstmeeting held on 25th March, 2011,three members committee constituted toframe draft guidelines.

– Revised management action Plan ofWullar Lake received at the total cost ofRs.120 crores from Jammu & KashmirGovernment. Out of Rs.120 crores, anamount of Rs.30 crore has been allocatedfor the current financial year for surveyand demarcation and other prioritycomponents in a meeting of expertsconstituted for this purpose by MoEF. Asper decision of the expert group, Ministryof Finance was requested to release firstinstallment of Rs.30 crores for the currentfinancial year for conservation of WullarLake. This amount has already beenreceived by the state govt.

– Organized a workshop on the eve ofWorld Wetland Day -2011 at KeoladeoNational Park, Bharatpur for sensitizingthe state governments about the activitiesto be undertaken in the wetlands notifiedunder the Wetlands (Conservation andManagement) Rules -2010.

– A meeting for Pulicat wetland a trans-boundary wetland in Andhra Pradeshand Tamil Nadu was held in Chennai on29th August, 2011 under thechairmanship of Secretary (E&F) tofinalize tentative plan from AndhraPradesh and Tamil Nadu. In a meetingrecently held on Pulicat Lake with officials

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of governments of Tamil Nadu andAndhra Pradesh under the chairmanshipof Secretary (E&F), both the governmentswere asked to send Terms of References(TORs) for preparation of joint actionplan. Thereafter consultant will beselected to make comprehensive actionplan for which assistance will be releasedas per norms.

International issues and RamsarConvention

– Twenty five sites have already beendesignated as Ramsar sites in India tilldate. (Annexure-VI A). Six (6) morewetlands are under process of beingdesignated as Ramsar sites.

– India was re-nominated as Member ofSupervisory Council for another term(2008-2011) on the basis of itsachievement for conserving Wetlands ofthe country.

– India is also a partner to the Himalayaninitiatives along with other Himalayancountries. A Himalayan initiative wasrecently endorsed by the IndianGovernment in 2008.

– Five GEF projects posed for externalfunding from UNEP and have beenapproved in principle.

– World Wetland Day -2011 was observedat Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpurunder the chairmanship of Hon’ble MEF.

– An International Conference on IndianOrnithology by Salim Ali Cetre forOrnithology and Natural History(SACON) was held from 19–23November, 2011 at Coimbatore withthe finacial assistance provided by MoEF.

– Country Report for CoP-11 of RamsarConvention has been finalised and isbeing sent to Ramsar Secretrait for thenext CoP meeting to be held in July2012 at Ramania.

– Two presentation on selected themes (i)Need for developing effective mechanismto monitor ecological interventions inRamsar sites and (ii) Wetlands(Conservation and Management) Rules-2010 were sent to Ramsar for discussionduring Ramsar Pre CoP-11 AsianRegional Workshop held from 14th to18th November, 2011 at Jakarta,Indonesia which were basis on thethemes selected from a few Asiancountries where some innovativemeasures have been initiated forconservation of wetlands.

Comparison of progress vis-à-vis thatachieved in the previous years

– Total number of identified wetlands hasincreased to 115 in 2010 covering 24states and two UTs. Five more wetlandshave been recommended for inclusionin the list by the Expert Group onwetlands in the meeting held in theMinistry. These wetlands will be addedto the list after the endorsement by theCWRA.

– During 2011-12 one workshop wasorganized at Leh Ladakh (J&K) forproviding training to wetland managersdealing with high altitude Ramsar Sites.

– Funds were released to concernedorganizations for eight research projectsincluding ongoing projects.

– An additional grant of Rs. 3.00 croreshas been proposed during 2011-12 forsanction of management action plan ofidentified wetlands.

State wise status

One hundred fifteen wetlands covering24 states and two UTs have beenidentified under the National WetlandConservation programme and five morewetland have been recommended forinclusion in the list by the Expert Groupon Wetlands.

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Regulatory Acts/Rules governing theprogramme and promulgation of newacts, if any, along with the details:

Ministry has notified Wetlands(Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010under Part II, Section 3- Sub Section (i) of EPAct 1986, vide notification no. GSR-951(E)dated 4th December, 2010. The mainprovisions under the Rule are as below:– Criteria for notifying the wetlands for

regulation under the Rule.– Prohibited activities in the notified

wetlands.– Regulated activities in the notified

wetlands.– Constitution of Central Wetlands

Regulatory Authority.– Process for identification of wetlands

under different categories.

Budget allocation of the schemeduring the year and progress ofexpenditure

An allocation of Rs. 11.90 crore hasbeen made during the year 2011-12 forconservation and management of identifiedwetlands. So far an expenditure of Rs.10.34crore has been incurred till 31st December,2011.

An additional grant of Rs.3.00 crore hasbeen proposed for wetlands during 2011-12.

Implementation organizations

Department of Environment and Forests,Department of Fisheries, Council for Scienceand Technology, State Wetland Authority ofthe concerned states are the nodaldepartments for implementing variousconservation activities in states where wetlandshave been identified under NWCP.

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National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board (NAEB)Introduction

In order to promote afforestation, treeplanting, ecological restoration and eco-development activities in the country, theNational Afforestation and Eco-DevelopmentBoard (NAEB) was set up in August 1992.Special attention is also given by NAEB tothe regeneration of degraded forest areasand lands adjoining forest areas, nationalparks, sanctuaries and other protected areasas well as the ecologically fragile areas likethe Western Himalayas, Aravallis, WesternGhats etc.

Objectives

The detailed objectives of the NAEB are to:

– Evolve mechanisms for ecologicalrestoration of degraded forest areas andadjoining lands through systematicplanning and implementation;

– Restore, through natural regeneration orappropriate intervention, the forest coverin the country for ecological security andto meet the fuelwood, fodder and otherneeds of the rural communities;

– Augment availability of fuelwood, fodder,timber and other forest produce on thedegraded forest and adjoining lands inorder to meet the demands for these items;

– Sponsor research and extension offindings to disseminate new and propertechnologies for the regeneration anddevelopment of degraded forest areasand adjoining lands;

– Create general awareness and helpfoster a people’s movement for promotingafforestation and eco-development withthe assistance of voluntary agencies,Non-Governmental Organizations,Panchayati Raj institutions and othersand promote participatory andsustainable management of degradedforest areas and adjoining lands;

– Coordinate and monitor the Action Plansfor tree planting, ecological restorationand eco-development; and

– Undertake all other measures necessaryfor promoting afforestation, tree planting,ecological restoration and eco-development activities in the country.

Name of the Schemes

National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board (NAEB) operates thefollowing three major schemes:

(a) National Afforestation Programme (NAP)Scheme

(b) NAEB Scheme: The major componentsof the Scheme are:i. Grants in Aid for Greening India

(GIA for GI) Schemeii. Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)iii. Communicationiv. Support to Regional Centres (RCs)

(c) Eco Development Forces (EDF) Scheme

(a) National Afforestation Programme(NAP) Scheme

Introduction and Objectives

It continues to be the flagship scheme ofNAEB, in so much as it provides support,both in physical and capacity building terms,to the Forest Development Agencies (FDAs)which in turn are the main organs to moveforward institutionalization of Joint ForestManagement. The FDA has been conceivedand established as a federation of JointForest Management Committees (JFMCs) atthe Forest Division level to undertake holisticdevelopment in the forestry sector withpeople’s participation. From the year 2010-11, State Forest Development Agency (SFDA)has been constituted at the State level tosmoothen the fund flow to the FDAs. Thisdecentralized three-tier institutional structure(SFDA, FDA and JFMC) allows greaterparticipation of the community, both inplanning and implementation, to improve

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6forests and livelihoods of the people living inand around forest areas. The village isreckoned as a unit of planning andimplementation and all activities under theprogramme are conceptualized at the villagelevel. The three-tier approach, apart frombuilding capacities at the grassroots level,significantly empowers the local people toparticipate in the decision making process.Under Entry Point Activities, community assetsare created with a ‘care and share’ concept.The objectives of the scheme are as follows:

– Protection, and conservation of naturalresources through active involvement ofthe people.

– Checking land degradation,deforestation and loss of biodiversity

– Ecological restoration and environmentalconservation and eco-development

– Evolving village level people’sorganization which can manage thenatural resources in and around villagesin a sustainable manner

– Fulfillment of the broader objectives ofproductivity, equity, and sustainability

for the general good of the people– Improve quality of life and self-sustenance

aspect of people living in and aroundforest areas

– Capability endowment and skillenhancement for improving employabilityof the rural people.

Progress and Achievements during theyear

– Eight hundred (800) FDA projects havebeen operationalised so far, since thelaunch of the FDA mechanism in 2000-01, at an expenditure of Rs. 2647.86crores to treat a total area of 18.32lakh ha. (as on 30th November, 2011).Rehabilitation of shifting cultivation landshave been given specific focus underthe programme, and so far, thirty fivejhum projects have been sanctioned inNorth-Eastern (NE) States and in Orissa.

– As on 30th November, 2011, Rs.100.53crore was released to State ForestDevelopment Agencies (SFDAs) duringthe year 2011-12 for implementation ofNational Afforestation Programme (NAP).

Table-34. Year-wise progress of National Afforestation Programme (As on 30.11.2011)

* Area approved for advance soil work/preparatory plantations during the year for all ongoing FDA projects.** Total (financial assistance provided during the year for planting, advance soil work, maintenance, etc.) for

all ongoing FDA projects

Table : Year-wise progress of National Afforestation Programme (2002-03 till date)

Year No.of New FDA projects

approved

No. of New JFMCs involved

Project Area approved (ha.)*

Release (Rs. in crores)**

2000-02 47 1843 71068 47.53 2002-03 237 8197 404799 151.26 2003-04 231 7902 282536 207.98 2004-05 105 3404 106743 233.00 2005-06 94 2362 54432 248.12 2006-07 15 494 0 292.75 2007-08 53 3979 493061 392.95 2008-09 13 6598 173435 345.62 2009-10 5 7756 103556 318.17 2010-11 (as on 31.12.2010)

26 SFDA Projects

-- 57126 309.99

2011-12 (as on 30.11.2011)

20 SFDA Projects

-- 85648 100.53

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Implementing organization

The NAP Scheme is implemented throughthree-tier decentralized mechanism of StateForest Development Agency (SFDA) at Statelevel, Forest Development Agency at ForestDivision Level and Joint Forest ManagementCommittees (JFMCs) at the village level.

Comparison of progress as comparedto previous years

Year-wise and State-wise progress ofNational Afforestation Programme in theTenth Five Year Plan and during the currentyear is given in Table-34 and Table-35respectively.

Table-35. State-wise status of FDA projects since inception of the scheme (2000-02) till31.3.2010.

Sl. No.

Name of State/Union

Territory

No. of FDA Projects/ Proposals sanctioned

Total project cost

(in Rs. crores)

Total JFMCs

Area (in ha.)

Total Releases (in Rs. Crores)

1 Andhra Pradesh 47 130.74 2555 72823 84.67 2 Chhattisgarh 32 225.56 2611 106660 158.51 3 Gujarat 25 212.02 2157 82530 127.38 4 Haryana 19 128.35 2265 44189 102.22 5 Himachal Pradesh 30 81.82 1556 44883 58.73 6 Jammu & Kashmir 31 109.69 1836 65494 55.28 7 Karnataka 45 212.36 1560 96155 157.84 8 Madhya Pradesh 55 208.30 3270 124782 142.98 9 Maharashtra 48 205.03 3092 119227 134.69 10 Orissa 46 157.69 3547 123307 105.99 11 Punjab 15 38.07 1192 18109 21.91 12 Rajasthan 33 67.52 996 45490 49.46 13 Tamil Nadu 32 130.83 1580 68192 101.73 14 Uttar Pradesh 69 241.21 2752 130127 193.23 15 Uttarakhand 38 98.33 1900 65576 72.34 16 Goa 3 2.39 26 1250 0.64 17 Jharkhand 34 160.50 2495 96500 118.09 18 Bihar 10 45.12 978 28481 34.12 19 Kerala 27 87.31 615 31981 45.58 20 West Bengal 20 67.48 1960 38248 46.16

Total (Other States) 659 2610.34 38943 1404004 1811.57

21 Arunachal Pradesh 23 40.93 481 30321 25.69 22 Assam 30 84.36 810 52605 65.51 23 Manipur 16 67.91 578 35144 54.80 24 Nagaland 19 71.12 456 43718 62.78 25 Sikkim 8 65.95 244 26003 54.60 26 Tripura 13 41.00 271 29470 29.79 27 Mizoram 24 124.57 528 50120 106.70 28 Meghalaya 8 32.06 224 18245 25.91

Total (NE States) 141 527.90 3592 285626 425.79

TOTAL 800 3138.24 42535 1689630 2237.36

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Table-36. State-wise status of SFDA projects (from 1.4.2011 to 30.11.2011)

S.No. State

Total Approved Amount

Total Release Amount

Approved Advance Work

(Rs. In lakh) (in

hectares) 1 2 3 4 5 1 Andhra Pradesh 3539.88 1807.5 7794 2 Bihar 1342.79 811.71 5647 3 Chhattisgarh 5431.51 4231.5 5637 4 Gujarat 5905.15 3785.09 9185 5 Haryana 3943.72 3031.99 4245 6 Himachal Pradesh 1467.49 695.01 4212 7 Jammu & Kashmir 1048.92 398.61 0 8 Jharkhand 1981.96 873 0 9 Karnataka 2593.13 1152.15 5765

10 Kerala 2073.68 948.13 3633 11 Madhya Pradesh 6740.4 3256.64 17565 12 Maharashtra 5914.08 2395.13 3899 13 Orissa 2878.59 1434.15 7410 14 Rajasthan 1868.4 933.24 3700 15 Tamil Nadu 1336.31 1028.68 2984 16 Uttarakhand 1169.14 447.11 3340 17 Uttar Pradesh 4463.84 2943.73 11374 18 West Bengal 1161.42 669.63 5175

Sub Total : 54860.41 30843.00 101565 19 Arunachal Pradesh 701.31 552.00 3125 20 Assam 1240.44 607.87 0 21 Manipur 2021.8 1528.88 5544 22 Meghalaya 954.06 878.76 4800 23 Mizoram 2558.82 1878.18 4970 24 Nagaland 1846.59 1426.61 6500 25 Sikkim 2254.42 1623.74 3779 26 Tripura 2885.98 1710.97 12491

Sub Total : 14463.42 10207.01 41209 Grand Total 69323.83 41050.01 142774

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New initiatives under the Scheme

A number of initiatives have been takenby the Ministry to expedite the implementationof the scheme as well to improve the qualitativeaspects of implementation. These include:– Stepping-up monitoring and evaluation

of the FDA projects by activation ofState-level Coordination Committees forNAP, increased field visit by officers,and expeditious commissioning by theStates of first independent concurrentevaluation of FDA projects

– Increased number of trainingprogrammes for the frontline staff andJFM committee members

– Organising district - levelinterdepartmental linkage workshops forpromoting linkage of NAP with otherdevelopmental programmes forenhancing the sustainability of JFM

– Initiating pilot projects for establishingforest-based microenterprises which willprovide experiential learning for scaling-up such activity with a view to consolidatethe JFM during the Eleventh Plan.

– Comprehensive amendment in Guidelinesof NAP scheme has been made to promotefurther decentralization by delegating moreresponsibilities to State Forest Departmentswith respect to processing of the FDAproject proposals, greater organic linkageof JFMCs with Gram Panchayats, increasedsecurity of the elected members of JFMCsthrough longer tenure of JFMC presidency,capacity building in particular of frontlinestaff of Forest Department and JFMCmembers especially with regard to localmanagement and administrativeresponsibilities.

National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board (NAEB) Scheme

The major component of the scheme are :-i. Grants in Aid for Greening India (GIA

for GI) Schemeii. Support to Regional Centres (RCs)iii. Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)iv. Communication

Grants in Aid for Greening IndiaScheme

Increasing forest and tree cover (FTC) ofthe country to one-third of its geographicalarea, as envisaged in the National ForestPolicy 1988, is essential for economic andecological security of the country. Achievingthe target of one-third of FTC, however,requires substantial increase in the annualtree planting rate in the country, and that too,mostly on lands outside recorded forest area(RFA) wherein non-forest organizations andthe custodian institutions can play a significantrole. The Scheme ‘Grants-in-Aid Schemeproviding assistance to Voluntary Agenciesfor tree planting’ was started for encouragingparticipation of the interested Non-Governmental Organisations as well asGovernment Institutions.

It has been observed that for raising treeplantations on lands outside forest cover,economic return is the major driving force.These could be encouraged if returns to thegrowers were made attractive. The wantingeconomic returns are largely attributed to thelow volume and poor quality yield of treeproducts. The main reason for this is that thetree growers do not have easy access to qualityplanting material (QPM) due to both paucity ofQPM production facilities in the rural areas andlow awareness about gains of using QPM.Recognizing these constraints, the then Grants-in-Aid Scheme was restructured by incorporatingadditional components of QPM productionfacilities and creation of mass awareness aboutQPM. This was renamed as “Grants in aid forGreening India” Scheme and three aspectsexpressly stated:-

a) Raising mass awareness about QPMand tree planting

b) Enhancing the capacity for QPMproduction

c) Tree planting with people’s participation“Grants in Aid for Greening India”

Scheme has been discontinued w.e.f. 2008-09. The ongoing projects, however, willcontinue to be supported till completion.

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Financial assistance of Rs.0.38 croreswas provided to agencies for ongoing treeplanting projects during financial year 2010-11. The Budget Estimate for ongoing projectsunder the Scheme for 2011-12 is Rs.0.50crore. The requisite reports/certificates fromthe voluntary agencies/FDAs are beingpursued by the Ministry. Due to pendency ofadequate reports, no further release of fundshave been done in the current financial year.

Table-39 reflects the number of projectsfor tree planting supported under the previous‘Grants-in-Aid to Voluntary Agencies’ scheme(until 2004-05) and the present ‘Grants-in-Aid for Greening India’ Scheme till thecurrent financial year 2010-11.

The scheme is being implemented byGovernment Departments, Urban LocalBodies, Panchayati Raj Institutions, PublicSector Undertakings, Autonomous Bodies,Registered Societies, Non-ProfitOrganizations, Cooperatives, CharitableTrusts, Voluntary Agencies, RegisteredSchools, Colleges, Universities and StateForest Departments. Voluntary Agencies are

implementing majority of Tree Plantingprojects.

Regional Centres of NAEB

The Board has designated seven RegionalCentres in various universities/ national levelinstitutions - Dr. Y.S.Parmar University ofAgriculture, Solan, Himachal Pradesh,University of Agricultural Science, Bangalore,Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal,Jadavpur University, Calcutta, AgriculturalFinance Corporation, Mumbai, AgriculturalFinance Corporation, Delhi, North EasternHill University (NEHU) Shillong. These Centreshelp NAEB in promoting extension ofreplicable technologies and for disseminationof research findings. They provide technicaland extension support in effectiveimplementation of regeneration of degradedforests and adjoining lands with people’sparticipation and also act as a forum for theexchange of ideas and experiences amongstthe States of the region as well as across theregions. In addition, these Centres carry outproblem-specific studies as well as evaluationof NAEB’s programmes in the field and

Table-37. Progress under the previous ‘Grants-in-Aid to Voluntary Agencies’ and present Grants-in-Aid for Greening India’ Scheme

Year No. of tree planting Expenditureprojects supported * (Rs. in Cr.) **

2002-03 141 4.00

2003-04 251 8.49

2004-05 266 8.97

2005-06 211 11.76

2006-07 109 5.86

2007-08 129 8.48

2008-09 *** 85 3.95

2009-10*** 29 1.05

2010-11*** 7 0.38

2011-12 Nil Nil* Includes ongoing projects, sanctioned in previous years also.** Includes grants given for Awareness Generation, High-Tech Nursery and Tree Planting components of the

Grants in Aid for Greening India Scheme.*** Includes only ongoing projects as no new project was sanctioned.

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organize training programmes and workshopsfocusing on priorities set out by the Board.

The work programmes of the RegionalCentres are formulated to address theemerging needs of promoting sustainabilityof Joint Forest Management beyond the NAPscheme funding. The new areas includetraining for forest-based micro-enterprises,development of Joint Forest ManagementCommittees, Self Help Groups, district-levelinter departmental linkage workshops forsynergy of JFM with other schemes ofGovernment and studies on improvedsilvicultural practices for management of non-timber forest products. Pilot projects oncapacity building for forest based micro-enterprise have been initiated by the RegionalCentres across the country. It is hoped thatbased on the experience of these pilots, theforest-based microenterprise could be scaled-up as a means of promoting sustainablelivelihoods of the forest-fringe communities.

Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)It is proposed to undertake evaluations

of the ongoing projects and scheme of NAEBin order to assess achievement against the setobjectives, as well as evaluating strengthsand weaknesses of various technologies usedso that appropriate amendment in the currentschemes of NAEB could be made for greaterefficiency.It is also proposed to continue with:(a) First concurrent evaluation of SFDA

projects under NAP Scheme;(b) Study of tree planting under 20-Point

Programme in selected districts of India;(c) Interactive meetings on Monitoring and

Evaluation of SFDA projects under NAPat regional levelA sum of Rs.1.00 crores is the budgetary

outlay of 2011-12. No funds have beenreleased so far. It is expected to fully utilizethe allocated budget.

CommunicationNew technology and methodologies of

participatory management, eco-development

and regeneration of degraded forests arebeing progressively developed. In order toshare such experiences and technologieswidely, NAEB documents such information,brings out publications, and also documentssuccess stories. In order to increase the forestand tree cover, an aggressive mediacampaign has been launched in twelvedistricts of six selected States of Bihar, Gujarat,Rajasthan, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh andWest Bengal. This includes print publicity,advertisements, audio spots, audio-visual spotsand TV commercials in regional and locallanguages to generate a mass movement.

During 2011-12 an amount of Rs.2.30crores has been provided as the outlay forvarious items under Communication out ofwhich Rs.0.22 crores has been released upto31st October, 2011. It is proposed tosignificantly scale-up this activity during 2012-2013 through preparation andimplementation of a structured Media Planfor tree planting on non-forest lands byprivate individuals and institutions. A multimedia campaign will be run throughDirectorate of Advertising and Visual Publicity(DAVP) and will be in the regional languagesto bring focused efforts on raising awarenesson benefits of tree planting.

Eco-Development Forces (EDF) Scheme

Eco-Development Forces Scheme wasestablished in 1980s as a scheme beingimplemented through Ministry of Defence forecological restoration of terrains, rendereddifficult either due to severe degradation orremote location or difficult law and ordersituation. The scheme of Eco-DevelopmentForces is based on twin objectives ofecological regeneration in difficult areas,and promotion of meaningful employment toex-servicemen.

Under this scheme, the establishmentand operational expenditure on the Eco TaskForce (ETF) Battalions raised by Ministry ofDefence is reimbursed by Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests while the inputs likesapling, fencing, etc. and also the professional

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6and managerial guidance is provided by theState Forest Departments. In ETF battalions,the Ministry of Defence deploys its ex-servicemen, preferably from within the areaof operation, whereas the nuclear core of theforce is constituted of regular servicemen.Some of the ETF Battalions have undertakensuccessful eco-restoration of highly degradedsites, for example the limestone mining areasin the Mussoorie Hills.

The progress of ETF Battalions during theyear 2010-11 is given in Table-38.

Six ETF battalions are being supportedunder the Eco-Development Forces (EDF)Scheme in the States of Uttarakhand,Rajasthan, Jammu & Kashmir and Assam.Budget Estimate for the scheme during 2011-12 is Rs. 12.00 crores out of which Rs.11.88crores has been reimbursed to Ministry ofDefence till 30th November, 2011.

The progress of ETF Battalions during theyear 2011-12 is given in Table-39.

All ETF Battalions have undertaken workslike raising nursery and plantation andprotection measures to protect the plantationarea. They have also constructed stone damsand also other soil and moisture conservationworks.

Implementing Organization

Directorate General of Territorial Army,Ministry of Defence, New Delhi.

Green India Mission

Green India Mission (GIM) has beeninitiated by the Ministry of Environment &Forest as one of the eight missions underNational Action Plan on Climate Change(NAPCC) The mission has been approved bythe Prime Minister’s Council on ClimateChange on 22nd February and an amount ofRs.200 crores have been allocated in thebudget for the preparatory activities in theyear 2011-12 in the union budget for theyear 2011-12. Total Mission cost is Rs.46,000 crore over ten years starting from theyear 2012-13, coinciding with the 12th and13th Five year Plan Period. The Mission aimsto increase forest and tree cover on fivemillion hectare area and to improve qualityof forest cover on another five million hectarearea as well as to improve ecosystemsservices, forest based livelihood income ofabout three million households and to enhanceannual CO2 sequestration.

Progress made so far

– A Brainstorming Session on sensitising

Table-38. The progress of ETF Battalions during the year 2010-11 (as on 31st March, 2011)

Battalion Location New Plantation during the year

(As on 31.03.2011)

Maintenance of old Plantation

(As on 31.03.2011)

No. of Plants

Area in ha.

No. of Plants

Area in ha.

127 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Uttarakhand 4.69 lakh 400 17.14 lakh 1600 128 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Rajasthan 4.80 lakh 600 7.66 lakh 1170 129 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Jammu & Kashmir 1.70 lakh 295 0.42 lakh 540 130 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Uttarakhand 5.00 lakh 500 15.63 lakh 1500 134 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Assam 10.56 lakh 1065 2.75 lakh 2407 135 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Assam 8.43 lakh 844 5.08 lakh 508 TOTAL 35.18

lakh 3704 48.68 lakh 7725

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Battalion Location New Plantation during the year

(As on 30.09.2011)

Maintenance of old Plantation

(As on 30.09.2011) No. of Plants

Area in ha.

No. of Plants

Area in ha.

127 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Uttarakhand 4.00 lakh 400 2.01 lakh 1200 128 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Rajasthan 5.60 lakh 700 14.27 lakh 1470 129 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Jammu & Kashmir 1.08 lakh 140 5.75 lakh 693 130 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Uttarakhand 5.00 lakh 500 0.91 lakh 500 134 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Assam 8.81 lakh 774 17.83 lakh 1887 135 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Assam 9.30 lakh 930 8.44 lakh 844 TOTAL 33.79

lakh 3444 ha. 49.21 lakh 6594

ha.

State Forest Departments/ other Stake-holders on Green India Mission (GIM)and list of actions to be taken withtimeline was organized on 26th March,2011 at New Delhi.

– A workshop on the criteria foridentification of the landscapes underGIM and priori t izing them forimplementation was organized on 28th

and 29th of April, 2011 at New Delhiand two groups have been constitutedfor formulating criteria for land scapeidentif ication and operationalguidelines.

– Four regional workshops onOperat ional Guidel ines forimplementation of GIM have beenconducted at Jabalpur (7th October,2011), Jaipur (11th October, 2011),Agartala (15th October, 2011) andBengaluru (20th October, 2011).

– Draft Cabinet Note on GIM wascirculated to concerned Ministries/Departments for their comments. Thereceived comments were compiled andresponse of the MoEF was prepared.After internal discussions in the ministry,draft EFC proposal and draft CCEA noteare being prepared.

– Constitution of Steering Committee of theGreen India Mission is under process. It

has been decided in the Ministry tocirculate approach paper on GIMfunding to the various ministries, beforeCCEA note/EFC proposal is circulatedto the appropriate Ministries forcomments. An approach paper onconvergence issues for implementationof GIM has been circulated on 17th

November, 2011 to the concernedMinistries/Department/ Organisation fortheir comments.

– Proposal for Rs. 200.00 crores foroperationalizing and implementation ofpreparatory activities has been submittedto Inter Ministerial Group (IMG). Theproposal has been circulated by Ministryof Finance (PF-II) to relevant ministrieswith last date of 27th September, 2011for comments. As suggested by PMO,an IA is under process for filing in theSupreme Court for additional allocationfrom CAMPA funds. The proposal forRs.200 crores from National CleanEnergy Fund has been apprised in themeeting of Inter-Ministerial Group (IMG)convened by the Ministry of Finance,Department of Expenditure on 25th

November, 2011.

– The first advisory guidelines forimplementation of GIM have been circulatedto all States on 21st November, 2011.

Table-39. The progress of ETF Battalions during the year 2011-12 (as on 30th September, 2011)

Battalion Location New Plantation during the year

(As on 30.09.2011)

Maintenance of old Plantation

(As on 30.09.2011) No. of Plants

Area in ha.

No. of Plants

Area in ha.

127 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Uttarakhand 4.00 lakh 400 2.01 lakh 1200 128 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Rajasthan 5.60 lakh 700 14.27 lakh 1470 129 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Jammu & Kashmir 1.08 lakh 140 5.75 lakh 693 130 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Uttarakhand 5.00 lakh 500 0.91 lakh 500 134 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Assam 8.81 lakh 774 17.83 lakh 1887 135 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Assam 9.30 lakh 930 8.44 lakh 844 TOTAL 33.79

lakh 3444 ha. 49.21 lakh 6594

ha.

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Environmental ResearchResearch and Development (R&D)

Introduction

The Ministry of Environment and Forests,is classified as a ‘Scientific Ministry’ under theGovernment of India. Since its inception in1985, the Ministry has been funding researchthrough Grant-in-Aid projects in the identifiedthrust areas to various organizations(universities, colleges recognized by UGC,institutions of CSIR, ICAR, ICMR, ICSSR andrecognized non-governmental scientificorganizations) all over the country in differentareas under the broad ambit of environmentprotection and management. The Ministry hasbrought out Guidelines for Support toEnvironmental Research in the year 2006.The Ministry has taken a number of newinitiatives to strengthen scientific research inthe area of environmental sciences. Some ofthese include institution of NationalEnvironmental Sciences Fellows Programme,Mahatma Gandhi Chair in Ecology andEnvironment etc.

Objectives

– To generate information and knowledgerequired for developing strategies,techniques and methodologies for betterenvironmental management.

– To find practical solutions to problems ofenvironment protection and management(eg. Eco-regeneration of degraded areas,management of plastic wastes,bioremediation of contaminated sites etc.).

– To build endogenous capacities andstrengthen scientific manpower inmultidisciplinary and emerging areas ofenvironment and ecology.

– To promote development of infrastructurefacilities, where necessary, for undertakingEnvironmental Research.

– To generate, document and analyzeinformation for taking policy decisionsrelating to environment and natural

resources, including preparedness forinternational negotiations.

– To support basic research which leads toapplied research in the areas ofenvironment and ecology with the aim ofdevelopment of management and policyinterventions

– To facilitate database management atone single point in the Ministry.The vision of the R&D Scheme of the

Ministry is “Promotion of research in variousfacets of ecology and environment for theconservation of environment and naturalresources of the country” through itsestablished research programmes. Theseinclude Environment Research Programme(ERP), Ecosystem Research Scheme (ERS),Eastern and Western Ghats ResearchProgramme (E&WGRP) and Economic &Social Issues. Thematic Expert Groups forthese research programmes have beenconstituted to screen evaluation andrecommend new projects and also to monitor/review the ongoing projects. The Ministry alsopromotes research in Environment through theawards of National Fellowships and chairs tothe outstanding Scientists. These fellowshipawards include Pitambar Pant NationalEnvironment Fellowship Award inEnvironmental Science and Dr. B.P. PalNational Environment Fellowship Award forBiodiversity, National Environmental SciencesFellows Programme and Mahatma GandhiChair. The details of these fellowships aregiven in the relevant chapter.

Programme-wise Progress andActivities

Environment Research Programme(ERP)

Environment Research Programme (ERP)deals with problems related to pollution anddevelopment of suitable cost effectivetechnologies for abatement of pollution.Emphasis is laid on development of eco-friendly biological and other interventions for

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prevention, abatement of pollution anddevelopment of strategies, technologies andinstruments etc. for control of pollution. Projectsare also encouraged for development ofbiodegradable plastics, to carryoutepidemiological studies, strategies to reduceimpact of mining, chemical pollution of soils,and hazardous substances including pesticides,heavy metals etc. Projects related to wasterecycling and resource recovery from wastealong with the development of eco-friendlyand cleaner technologies are given priority.The projects are supported in the identifiedthrust area of environment research.

Under the Thematic Group ‘Prevention,Abatement and Control of Pollution’, threeProgrammes/Schemes are covered namely (i)Environment Research Programme (ii) NationalRiver Conservation and (iii) Climate Change/Clean Technologies. During the financial yearseven meetings of the Thematic Expert Groupwere held to consider the new/revised/comments received on new proposals & toreview/monitor the ongoing/completedprojects. Total 149 proposals were consideredby the Expert Group of which seventeen wererecommended. Progress of 68 ongoing projectswere reviewed and monitored, and on 66proposals comments were received andconsidered during the year. Eleven new projectshave been sanctioned during the period(Annexure -III). The Expert Group also reviewedthe Final Technical Report (FTR) of completedprojects during the period (Annexure-IV).

Ecosystem Research Scheme (ERS)

Ecosystem Research Scheme is an inter-disciplinary programme of research, whichemphasizes ecological approach for studyingthe relationship between man and environment.The objective of the programme is to developa basis within the field of natural and socialsciences for rational use and conservation ofresources for general improvement of therelationship between man and his environment.The programme seeks to provide a scientific

basis to solve the practical problems ofresource management. The programme alsoseeks to provide a scientific knowledge andtrained personnel needed to manage thenatural resources in a rational and sustainablemanner. Ecosystem studies become even moreimportant as the Earth’s environmentalecosystems are increasingly being affected atall levels. Ecological understanding andresearch in this area offer tangible hope foraddressing extremely complex and potentiallydevastating assaults on local, regional andglobal ecosystems. Under the scheme,emphasis is laid on multi-disciplinary aspectsof environmental conservation with emphasison eco-system approach consistent with theidentified thrust areas and orientation.

During the year under Ecosystem ResearchScheme five new projects were initiated(Annexure-III) and 23 projects were reviewed.

Eastern and Western Ghats ResearchProgramme (E&WGRP)

The Eastern and Western Ghats ResearchProgramme addresses itself to location-specificproblems of resource management in theEastern and Western Ghats regions of thecountry. Under this programme, studies relatingto Bio-diversity, land use, impact ofdevelopmental activities etc. are taken up torestore the environmental quality of the region.

During the year under E&WGRP fournew project was initiated (Annexure-III), onestudy was completed (Annexure-IV) and 10projects were reviewed.

Thematic Group on ‘Economic &Social Issues relating to Environment’

The Thematic Expert Group ‘Economic &Social Issues relating to Environment’ wouldconsider all proposals related to Cost BenefitAnalysis, Socio-economic, policy related issuesand other miscellaneous issues. During theyear one new project was initiated, one studywas completed and 10 projects werereviewed.

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During the year 2011-12 one meetingwas organized under the Thematic ExpertGroup on ‘Economic & Social Issues relatingto Environment’. Two ongoing projects werereviewed, 15 new / revised projects wereconsidered and one project was recommendedfor funding.

New Institutions - NationalEnvironment Protection Training &Research Institute (NEPTRI)

The proposal for conversion of existingEnvironmental Protection Training andResearch Institute (EPTRI), Hyderabad into aNational level institute to be named asNational Environment Protection Training andResearch Institute (NEPTRI) as Joint venturebetween Government of India and Governmentof Andhra Pradesh is under activeconsideration. The in-principle approval ofPlanning Commission has been obtainedsubject to certain conditions. The DetailedProject Report (DPR) for the upgradation ofEPTRI to NEPTRI has been prepared andmemo for Standing Finance Committee (SFC)for the same is under consideration.

Identification of New Thrust / PriorityAreas and New Initiatives under R&DScheme

Revision of Guidelines for Support toEnvironmental Research

The proposed revised “Guidelines forSupport to Environmental Research” interalia, provide details on type of researchprojects which would be sponsored by theMinistry, broad thrust areas of research,eligibility criteria, scope and coverage ofresearch grants, criteria for selection ofprojects, concept of public private partnershipin R&D projects, procedure for invitation,submission, appraisal, monitoring and reviewof research project alongwith norms of funding.The Guidelines also include the terms andconditions governing research grants.

The guidelines aim to provide scientificimpetus to the R&D efforts of the Ministry and

address new and emerging environmentalchallenges. The revised Guidelines also providea framework to make research in the areasof environment and ecology more productiveby emphasizing on outputs and outcomes.

State of the Art Report onBioremediation of Contaminated sitesin India

The Ministry had commissioned a ‘Stateof the Art Report on Bioremediation ofContaminated sites in India’, which has beenprepared by Professor M.N.V. Prasad,Department of Plant Science, University ofHyderabad. The report has been publishedand was released by the then Hon’ble MoS(I/C) Shri Jairam Ramesh. The State of the ArtReport has been put on the Ministry’s websitefor wider dissemination.

Western Ghats Ecology Expert Panel(WGEEP)

The Western Ghats Ecology Expert Panel(WGEEP) under the Chairmanship of ProfMadhav Gadgil was constituted by theMinistry with the main objectives ofidentification and management of ecologicallysensitive areas in the Western Ghats and torecommend measures for conservation,protection and rejuvenation of the WesternGhats region following a comprehensiveconsultation process with the people and thegovernment. The Panel also was to recommendthe modalities for the establishment of WesternGhats Ecology Authority under Environment(Protection) Act, 1986. The Panel hassubmitted its report to the Ministry.

Financial Progress for Year 2011-12

The total allocation for R&D Schemeduring 2011-12 is 10.0 crores. The entireamount would be utilized for ongoing andnew projects based on the recommendationsof the Thematic Expert Groups. Funds havealso been utilized for final settlement ofaccounts for completed projects during currentfinancial year 2011-12, in addition to the

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ongoing programmes in the area of Researchin Environment under the R&D scheme.

Summaries / Research findings ofsome of the Projects completedduring the year 2010-11.

Ecology of Plant Galls in the SholaForests of Eastern and Western Ghatsof Tamil Nadu (FTR) by Dr. S.Amerjothy, Deptt. of Plant Biology andPlant Biotechnology, PresidencyCollege, Chennai- 600 005.

Eleven forest areas were explored duringa period of two years. During this period,about 127 galls were recorded among which27 galls turned to be new records. The gallbearing plant species were 104 belonging to72 genera and 50 families. Among thespecies recorded, two belong to pteriodphytesand one Gymnosperm.

The survey provided many exciting resultsand many of the results were of highcontributory values in the area of plant gallsand gall insects ecology, pharmaceuticalvalues, industrial applications and academicvistas. The floristic composition of sholaforests is highly complex and their vegetationalprofile is also very high. Because of highlyconducive ecological factors, the shola forestsharbour dense and rich plant species onwhich quite a large number of phytophagousinsects, especially gall inciting organisms,rely for their food and shelter.

Pesticide degradation using culturaland biological tools to minimizeground water pollution by Dr. AnjanaSrivastava, Department of Chemistry,College of Basic Science &Humanaties, G.B. Pant University ofAgriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263145, Uttarakhand.

Soil microflora from agricultural fieldswhere chlorpyrifos and lindane pesticidesregularly used were screened and isolated fortheir specific in vitro capacity to degrade theselected pesticides. A pilot study was also

carried out with maize and rice croppedlysimeter to demonstrate effect of applicationof soil amendment and later addition ofmicrobial consortia culture on residue level ofchlorpyrifos and lindane pesticides in thepercolated water, surface and subsurface soiland also in the crop.

It was found that a microbial consortiaof Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. waseffective in degradation of chlorpyrifos.Similarly a microbial consortium of Gordoniaspp. was effective in degradation of lindane.

Development of luminescence basedBiosensors for the detection ofmercury ions in water bodies by Dr.Arif Ali, Department of BiosciencesFaculty of Natural Sciences, JamiaMillia Islamia, Maulana MohammedAli Jauhar Marg, New Delhi-110025,Delhi.

Present work was conceded to constructthe sensitive bacterial biosensor by selectinghighly mercury resistance E. coli strainsregulatory gene fused with promoter less luxgenes, which evaluates the real time data ofinorganic mercury in polluted and nonpolluted water bodies without labour- intensiveand less time consuming sample preparations.

The data generated in this researchdemonstrates that the biosensor is potentiallyuseful for the evaluation of environmentalwater samples and pollution management. Ithas also been proposed that the biosensorsdeveloped in this study should be used as afirst line of detection for the presence ofmercury pollution in water and wastewater.

Controlled catalytic systems: A Viableoption for development of cleanerchemical process by Dr. SubratnathKoner, Department of Chemistry,Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal.

In this project quite a few heterogeneouscatalysts have been successfully prepared thatcatalyzed industrially important reactions

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according to plan. Catalysts havedemonstrated desired product selectivity incatalytic reactions. As the reaction isundergone in heterogeneous condition thecatalysts can be recovered and recycledmany times without any loss of catalyticactivity. No leaching of metal was observedduring reaction. Therefore, the process isenergy saving (as these are catalytic), atomefficient, produce less amount of waste andeconomical. Nevertheless, the project hasenriched the knowledge-base of viableindustrially important catalytic processes

National Natural ResourceManagement System (NNRMS)

The scheme National Natural ResourcesManagement System (NNRMS) of the Ministryis a part of an umbrella scheme of thePlanning Commission – Planning Committee– National Natural Resources ManagementSystem (PC-NNRMS) which involves utilizationof remote sensing technology for accurateinventory of resources such as land, water,forests, minerals, oceans, etc. and to utilizethis information for monitoring changes inecological system. A Standing Committee onBio-resources and Environment (SC-B) hasbeen constituted by the Planning Commissionunder the Chairmanship of Secy. (E&F) withthe following objectives:

– Optimal utilization of country’s naturalresources by a proper and systematicinventory of resource availability.

– Reducing regional imbalances by effectiveplanning and in tune with theenvironmental efforts

– Maintaining the ecological balance witha view to evolve and implement theenvironmental guidelines.The Standing Committee on Bio-resources

and Environment (SC-B) advises on the methodsof using the remote sensing technology foroptimal use and management of naturalresources in the country. In order to streamlinethe projects the SC-B has constituted a

Technical & Financial Sub-Committee toscrutinize/review all the proposals submittedfor funding under NNRMS scheme from thetechnical and financial angle. The NNRMSSC-B considers only those proposalsrecommended by the Technical and FinancialSub-Committee and approves them for funding.

Achievements during the 2011-12

– Organised One Meeting of Technicaland Financial Sub–Committee of theNational Natural Resource ManagementSystem on Bio-resources and Environment(NNRMS SC-B) during the year 2011-12and considered nine (9) new / revisedprojects out of these three were reviewedand five Final Technical Report (FTR)were accepted of the completed projects(Annexure-IV).

– A project on using digital IRS LISS IIIdata of post and pre-monsoon seasons(2006-07), for National WetlandInventory and Assessment at 1:50,000scale has been completed. The workinvolved preparation of State-wise wetlandatlases, creation of digital database inGIS environment, development of queryshell for information retrieval. Theinformation generated under this projectwould be very useful to the ministry forconservation and management ofwetlands. This is the first time, suchatlases have been prepared on the basisof satellite imagery, in a systematicmanner. The maps categorizes wetlandsinto 19 different classes, and are beingmade available at a 1:50,000 scaleresolution.

– A national project on ‘Snow and GlacierStudies’ executed by the SpaceApplication Centre in collaboration with14 research organizations and academicinstitutions of the country sponsored bythe Ministry has been completed. Snowcover for the entire Indian Himalaya hasbeen monitored for four consecutive years

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starting from 2004-05. Inventory of theglaciers carried out on 1:50,000 scalereveals the total no. of glaciers to be32,392 with a total glaciated area of71,182 Sq. Kms. More than twothousand glaciers have been monitoredto study the advances/ retreat of theirextent. Glacier mass balance based onaccumulation area ratio method hasalso been studied.

– National Wetland Information Systemand National Coastal Zone InformationSystem in GIS Platform has beendeveloped and is being extensively usedin implementation of wetland and CRZnotifications.

– A GIS based Decision Support Systemfor Snow and Glaciers has beendeveloped by SAC, Ahmedabad.

– A National Workshop on GIS has beenorganized by the Planning Commissionto discuss on 14th September, 2011 todiscuss Geo-spatial data generatedthrough various projects under NNRMSScheme. In fact, the version 2.0 documentof National Geographic InformationSystem (NGIS) depicts the importance ofNNRMS as a data source for NGIS. Thegeo-spatial data generated/beinggenerated under SC-B of NNRMS wouldbecome a valuable source for NGIS.

– The progress of the NNRMS Schemes isbeing reviewed annually by the PC-NNRMS under the Chairmanship ofMember (Science), Planning Commission.The last review meeting was held on 18th

July 2011 in New Delhi. The Ministrymade a presentation on Achievementand Thrust Areas of SC-B in the saidmeeting. The PC-NNRMS has viewedthe progress of NNRMS SC-B schemevery encouraging.

Ecologically Sensitive Areas

Environmentally Sensitive Zones may bedefined as areas with identified environmental

resources having “Incomparable Values” whichrequire special attention for their conservation.The Ministry has already notified Ecologically–sensitive areas in respect of Matheran,Mahableshwar-Panchgani, Murud-Janjira,Mount Abu, Sultanpur and Dahanu Talukaunder the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.The Zonal Master Plan / Area DevelopmentPlan for all the notified / to be notifiedenvironmentally sensitive areas would beprepared by the concerned State Governmentsas per the provisions of the said respectivenotifications involving local communities /experts and shall be approved by the Ministryfor regulating development activities andprotection and conservation of Entities ofIncomparable Values. Monitoring Committeeswith representatives of Government, Expertsand local representatives as per thenotifications would be constituted to ensurecompliance of approved Zonal Master Plans/ Area Development Plan. The achievementsmade during the year are as under:-

– The final notification published– Dandi, Gujarat

– Draft notifications published– Kalesar National Park, Haryana– Kalesar Wildlife Sanctuary, Haryana– Khol Hi Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary,

Haryana– Bir Shikargarh Wildlife Sanctuary,

Haryana– Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary, Haryana– Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary,

Haryana– Abubshaher Wildlife Sanctuary,

Haryana– Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary,

Haryana– Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary,

Haryana– Vasada National Park, Gujarat– Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat– Narayan Sarovar Sanctuary, Gujarat– Marine National Park and Marine

Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat

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– Purna Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat– Bandipur National Park, Karnataka– One hundred thirty five k.m. stretch

of river Bhaghirathi from Gaumukhto Uttarkashi as Eco-sensitive zonein Uttarakhand

– Proposal under consideration:– Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary,

Gujarat– Marine National Park and Marine

Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat– Balaram-Ambaji Wildlife Sanctuary,

GujaratG.B. Pant Institute of HimalayanEnvironment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora

Introduction

G.B. Pant Institute of HimalayanEnvironment and Development (GBPIHED)was established in August 1988 by theMinistry of Environment and Forests,Government of India, as an autonomousInstitute, with a mandate of achievingsustainable development and environmentalconservation in the Indian Himalayan Region(IHR). The Institute attempts to execute its

mandate through theHeadquarters located atKosi-Katarmal, Almora(Uttarakhand), and fourregional Units located atMohal - Kullu (HimachalPradesh), Srinagar-Garhwal(Uttarakhand), Pangthang(Sikkim) and Itanagar(Arunachal Pradesh). TheInstitute designs andimplements R&D activities onpriority environmentalproblems; develops anddemonstrates best practicesand delivers technologypackages for improvedlivelihood options for the

people of IHR. The identified thematiccategories for Institute R&D activities include:(1) Watershed Processes and Management(WPM), (2) Biodiversity Conservation andManagement (BCM), (3) EnvironmentalAssessment and Management (EAM), (4)Socio-economic Development (SED), (5)Biotechnological Applications (BTA), and (6)Knowledge Products and Capacity Building(KCB). The projects sites, spread over differentparts of IHR, have been selected carefullykeeping in view the biophysical heterogeneityand location-specific needs of the inhabitants.All activities are need-based, target-orientedand time-bound. Research, demonstrationand dissemination are underlying elements ofall project activities geared towardsdevelopment of environment-friendly technologypackages. In addition GBPIHED also providesguidelines with policy implications.

Objectives

The Institute has three broad objectives:

– To undertake in-depth research anddevelopment studies on environmentalproblems of the Indian Himalayan Region;

– To identify and strengthen the localknowledge of the environment and

Fig-53. Shrubby vegetation near Leh, Jammu & Kashmir

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contribute towards strengtheningresearches of regional relevance; and

– To evolve and demonstrate suitabletechnology packages and delivery systemsfor sustainable development of the regionin harmony with local perceptions.

Progress/Achievements made duringthe year

The achievements with wide rangeimplications include the following:

– To mark International Year of Forests-2011, the Institute organized a BrainStorming Session on Forests focused on“Emerging Issues in Forestry Research inthe Himalayan Mountains”, and a BrainStorming Workshop entit led“Quantification and Valuation of ForestEcosystem Services: Focus on NandaDevi Biosphere Reserve” (12-14th

November, 2010).– Global World Environment Day (G-WED)

was celebrated under the theme “Forests:Nature at your service”; Institute throughits HQs and four regional units organizedmonth-long celebrations by way of severalactivities, e.g., a day with the Students-Awareness building program for schoolchildren; Jaiv-Vividhta Sanrakshan AvumParyavaran Siksha Yatra; HimalayanGreen School Award-Contributiontowards mitigation of climate change;Hima-Paryavaran Mitra Krishak Award;Green March for EnvironmentalAwareness; Various competitions, e.g.,painting, poster, essay writing & culturalprogrammes; Compilation of folk songsin local languages, from IHR, inappreciation of nature, forests & theenvironment for creating awareness allacross the IHR (May 5th- June 5th, 2011).

– A Children’s Expression and DiscussionSession under the “Voice of the Children”program was organized across the IHRas a part of WED celebrations incollaboration with ICIMOD, Kathmandu-

Nepal under the Themes Mountain Peopleand Forests- Dependence andResponsibilities; and Forest Fire-causes.

– Under the project ‘Kailash SacredLandscape Conservation Initiative:Developing a Transboundary Frameworkfor Conservation and SustainableDevelopment in the Greater Mt. KailashRegion of China, India, and Nepal’attempts are being mode to initiate andpromote transboundary biodiversity andcultural conservation, ecosystemmanagement, sustainable development,and climate change adaptation withinthe Kailash Sacred Landscape (KSL). AFeasibility Assessment Report,Conservation Strategy document, andComprehensive Environmental MonitoringPlan have been prepared. Expertconsultation and Yatras (LandscapeJourneys) have been conducted to deepenthe understanding and reflection on largerpublic opinion regarding the proposedactivities of the programme. As anoutcome, a five year plan forimplementation phase is being developed.

Research and DevelopmentAchievements

Group 2: Watershed Processes andManagement (WPM) & KnowledgeProducts and Capacity Building (KCB)

Watershed Process and Management(WPM) and Knowledge Products andCapacity Building (KCB) are two majorthematic thrusts of this group. Through itsWPM theme, group focuses on studies ofecosystem processes operational at thewatershed level, including the involvement ofuser groups and upstream-downstreamlinkages, with an overall aim of strengtheningof mountain specific resource managementpractices using a systems approach. The KCBtheme conducts activities that lead toenhancement of Institutional outreach, basedon its research products such as state-of-the

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art methodologies/approaches, models,policy briefs, etc. Achievements of this groupinclude:

– In order to assess the hydrologicalresponses in Kosi watershed, waterdemand forecast show that at lowconsumption rates (40LPCD) demandwill increase from 4.96 to 6.3 MLD bythe year 2030. At medium consumption(51 LPCD) demand will increase from6.32 to 7.95 MLD by 2030. Lowdemand satisfaction indicates conservativeuse of water whereas high demandsatisfaction indicates high use of waterwith improved socio-economic condition.The flow duration curve of Kosi for waterin 2009-10 is indicative of the changingflow pattern during the year. A large partof the year falls under dry weather andlow flow conditions. Only about 10%time during the year the high flowconditions are observed. For almost 60%of the time the river flow is sustained bythe base flow (Fig-54). The river flow atpresent demand level can supply fornearly 290 days in a year. The rise indemand by 2030 is expected to furtherincrease the water shortage for nearly145 days in a normal rainfall year.

– By analyzing leaf energy of 20multipurpose trees under the ecorestorationprogramme revealed that most of theenergy absorbed by the‘undertemperature’ plants was lost fromthe leaves by re-radiation and transpirationwhereas in ‘overtemperature’ plants theabsorbed energy was lost from the leavesby re-radiation, transpiration andconvection of heat; the results obtainedon total leaf energy absorption revealedlowest amount of energy absorption bythe leaves of Aesculus indica whereas theleaves of Ficus roxburghii absorbedhighest amount of energy.

– Assessment of the energy demand andenvironmental perception on impact offirewood collection from forests indicatedthat most of the villagers (82.2% of thetotal respondents) were aware that somereason(s) exists which is responsible forthe phenomenon of no recruitment ofseedlings in the forest. Only 17.8%respondents were not able to connectany reason/factor for this (share ofwomen was higher than the man, Table-42). The nodal agency for renewableenergy, UREDA, in Uttarakhand hasinitiated Microhydel Projects (3.115

Fig-54. Flow duration curve for Upper Kosi Watershed.

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MW) based approach. The proposedproject activity involves construction andoperation of 29 Microhydel projects inthe state of Uttarakhand.

– Under the indigenous knowledge system,phytochemicals of 67 medicinal plants(MPs) used by the traditional vaidyas inUpper Alaknanda valley has beendocumented from published sources. Ofthe total 102 therapeutic properties andassociated active principles, antimicrobialtherapeutic property was conferred bymaximum number of 14 MPs (Cuscutareflexa, Psidium guajava, Origanumvulgare, Ajuga parviflora, Solanumnigrum, Ficus religiosa, Ricinus communis,Emblica officinalis, Terminalia bellirica,Matricaria camomillia, Foeniculumvulgare, Butea monosperma, Mimosapudica & Triticum aestivum), followed byanti-inflammatory property which wasfound in 13 MPs, antioxidant property in12 MPs, anticancer property in 11 MPs,antibacterial property in 10 MPs andantifungal therapeutic property in 7 MPs.

Results suggest that a few medicinalplants of different species within the samegenus may have commonphytochemicals; for example, Eugenolwas found both in Ocimum sanctum andO. americanum and contain sameinsecticidal properties. Similarly twospecies of genus Ficus (F. religiosa & F.racemosa) contain saponins.

– In order to develop analytical modelsthrough establishment of modeling &statistical computing laboratory, weatherdata of North West Himalaya wereanalyzed for the last century (1901-2001). Results revealed increasing trendsin temperature at different rates (Fig.55).A significant increase in wintertemperature (both max & min) in J&K andUK, but decrease in HP was noticed; asignificantly increasing trend in maximumtemperature during monsoon was observedin all the three states. Overall significantdecrease in precipitation in J&K and UK;declining but not significant in HP;significantly declining trends of monsoon

Table-40. Distribution of villagers according to their attributes and perceived factors for norecruitment of seedlings in the forest

Sl. Category/Class Perceived Factors (% Respondents)

No Climatic Fire Management Anthro. No IdeaActivity

1 Total Respondents (%) 17.8 32.1 17.8 42.8 17.82 Male 100.0 77.7 80.0 16.6 40.03 Female 0.0 22.3 20.0 83.3 60.04 Education Level a College 40.0 33.4 40.0 - - b Below College 60.0 55.5 40.0 75.0 60.0 c No formal Education - 11.1 20.0 25.0 40.05 Employment a Service 20.0 12.5 20.0 - 20.0 b Self Employed 60.0 33.3 40.0 - 20.0 c No Commercial Activity 20.0 55.5 40.0 100.0 60.06 Economic

BPL 40.0 22.2 20.0 25.0 40.0

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precipitation in all three states; increasein winter precipitation in UK & HP;decrease in J&K have been observed.

– In order to quantify the available waterresource in microwatersheds of Garhwalregion and assessment of water availabilityduring the lean and surplus periods,study was carried out through flowduration curve analysis in some springs.Assessment of water availability indicatethat additional storage structuresshould be constructed to tap thesurplus water available duringthe monsoon period to copewith the seasonal water scarcityin the high mountain basins ofHimalaya.

Group 2: Socio EconomicDevelopment (SED) &Environmental Assessmentand Management (EAM)

The group includes two themes:(i) Socio Economic Development(SED) which focuses on activities,such as livelihood enhancement,sustainable tourism, entrepreneurshipand self employment, indigenousknowledge, and socio-economic andcultural implications, migration, etc;and (ii) Environmental Assessment

and Management (EAM) targetingon activities such as hill specificStrategic Environmental Assessment(SEA), Environmental ImpactAssessment (EIA), valuation ofecosystem services, climate changeimpacts, disaster mitigation andmanagement, and environmentalmanagement of urban areas, etc.The highlights of the R&D workinclude:

– To address the issue of shiftingagriculture in North East Himalaya,

physiography and the nature of slope inZiro valley, Arunachal Pradesh was studiedand found that both of these appear tobe the determining factors for the overallpractice of settled agriculture and non-practice of shifting agriculture by theApatani tribal community (Fig-56). It wasrecorded that shifting agriculturists areadopting to terrace cultivation, andcultivated jhum plots are found to bereducing (from 1990-2010) as they arebeing transformed to terracing,

Fig-55. Rate of change in temperature in North-West Himalayaduring past century (1901-2001).

Fig-56. Nature of slope in Ziro valley (encircled by blue boundary)and neighbouring area

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development of horticulture, secondaryforests and bamboo forests. In ninevillages surveyed during the reportingperiod, the number of cultivated jhumplots were found to reduce from 365 in1990 to 170 in 2010.

– To scale up innovative resourcemanagement practices for improvedlivelihoods in central Himalayan region,base line survey for adoption/adaptationof different options for improvedlivelihoods and management of naturalresources has been completed in 56villages covering 394 households.Preliminary results suggest that the farmingsystem, as a whole, is under stress dueto uncertainty of weather conditions,scarcity of water, sectoral approach ofthe developmental activities, weakbackstopping, and unstructuredmonitoring and evaluation system. Overallimprovement on livelihoods of the peopleduring the period has been realized bythe stakeholders; however, it has impactedadversely on the status of natural resourcesand overall farming system of this region.Adoption scenario clearly indicates thatthe farmer is a selective taker and adoptsa very few out of a long list of optionsprovided under different programmes(Table-41).

– An attempt was made to link biodiversityconservation with sustainabledevelopment of Arunachal Pradesh, andcommunity driven conservation practicesof floral and faunal diversity have beendocumented. For example, in Zimithangregion, the whole mountain of theShockeng Gompa is considered sacredprohibiting use of any plant species,including, Rhododendrons, which is usedas NTFP elsewhere. Daphne papyraceais another plant species, which istraditionally used by Monpas for makinghand paper for printing and writingscripts in monasteries. Also, man - animalconflict was identified which includedcrop raiding and retaliatory killing ofcarnivores for live stock depredation.About 40 species of mammals belongingto 8 orders, 18 families and 34 generain the study area have been recorded.About 13 animal species were reportedto be in direct conflict with humanpopulation. Asiatic Black Bear (Ursusthibetanus) was reported to possess itsunique ability to raid crop and depredatelivestock. Conflict intensity as per thelocal perception was high for 5 species(38%) while 4 species (31%) showedmoderate intensity of conflict with manand, therefore needs proper attention

Table-41. On-farm livelihood options: adoption/adaptation during the reporting period

Major Livelihood options Demonstrations Adoption/Adaptation

Villages No. of house holds

Off season vegetable cultivation - 07 11Improved grasses - 09 36Integrated fish farming - 10 16Water harvesting & storage 03 03 19Soil/ water conservation 02 02 05Farmer’s nursery - 01 02Composting - 05 18Cash crop cultivation Facilitation 09 18Horticulture Facilitation 02 09

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before they become a threat. Another 4species (31%) showed low intensity ofconflict with man. Dhole (Cuon alpinus)have the highest conflict intensity (76.7%)of all the cases. Snow leopard (Uniciaunicia) showed moderate intensity (21%)while Asiatic Black bear had the lowestintensity (0.3%).

– To investigate soil formation, soil fertility,soil and water conservation, hydrologicalexperiments were conducted in two foresttypes during August – September (totalrainfall of 22 events= 396 mm; averagerainfall intensity= 2.51 mm/hr). Only 13rainfall-runoff events (rainfall= 298.2 mm)were considered that could be collectedin the runoff collectors, rest (9) were overflow events due to heavy rains and thuswere not considered for the analysis.The t- test value was significantly different(95% significant level) for both soil loss(t=2.73) and runoff (t= 2.80) amongOak and Pine forests. Soil physico-chemical characteristics of Oak and Pineforests across the three depths (cm) wereanalyzed. Soil water holding capacity,organic carbon and nitrogen was foundsignificantly higher in Oak forests ascompared to Pine forests (t - valuesignificant at 95%) and values for thesethree parameters declined significantlywith increasing soil depth.

– Under the strategic environmentalassessment (SEA) land use statistics of theSatluj catchments a buffer zone of 10km either of the River Satluj wasdemarcated. This area lies from northeastto southwest from Nathapa village(Kinnaur district) to Bilaspur town (Bilaspurdistrict). The total length of River Satlujincluded under present analysis is 165km. Based on estimation of stream orders,636 streams were identified in the 1st

order, 178 in 2nd order, 43 in 3rd order,7 in 4th order and 1 stream in 5th order.

– Studies on urbanization vis-à-vis solidwaste management and air pollutioncarried out in the six towns of HimachalPradesh showed a range from 64.7%biodegradable waste [42.2% readilybiodegradable waste (RBW) + 22.5%biodegradable waste (BW)] in Keylongto 78.3% (RBW 53.7 %+ BW 24.6%)in Mandi. Based on existing wastecomposition, bio-composting forbiodegradable waste (RBW+BW), reuse,decorative reuse, and recycling for nonbiodegradable waste (NBW) were majorSWM options.

– In order to assess the gaseous exchange,a study was carried out at HimachalPradesh. The mean concentration ofPM10 was recorded highest with40.3±4.4 µg m-3 at Hamirpur followedby 35.2±2.7 µg m-3 and 24.6±2.3 µgm-3 at Chamba and Kangra, respectively(Table 4). These values were foundwithin the prescribed limit (i.e. 100 µgm-3) set by the Central Pollution ControlBoard (CPCB) at all the sites. Due towashout effect during the initial samplingdays, lesser amount of PM10 was presentin all sites. On diurnal basis, highestconcentration of PM10 was foundbetween 16-0 h (IST) followed by 8-16h and lowest between 0-8 h at all thesites, except at Chamba. The values atChamba remained highest between 8-16 h followed by 16-0 h and lowestbetween 0-8 h. The high concentrationof PM10 from morning 8 h to midnightwas due to day time anthropogenicactivities in the towns. On diurnal basis,the concentration of SO2 remainedhighest between 16-0 h at Kangra andChamba, while at Hamirpur it wasfound highest between 8-16 h. Moreover,NO2 remained highest between 16 h tomidnight at all the sampling sites. Incase of NH3, different time periods forhighest concentration were noted.

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Group 3: Biodiversity Conservationand Management (BCM) &Biotechnological Applications (BTA)

The group includes two thematic areas(i) Biodiversity Conservation and Management(BCM), and (ii) Biotechnological Applications(BTA); the aim is to ensure long termconservation of sensitive Himalayanbiodiversity elements and improvement in therural economy of the Indian HimalayanRegion. Highlights of the R&D work carriedout under this group are as follows:

– Response assessment survey at NandaDevi Biosphere Reserves (NDBR),Uttarakhand, Nargu Wildlife Sanctuary(NWLS), Himachal Pradesh,Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve(KBR), Sikkim and Tawang-West KamengBiosphere Reserve (proposed), ArunachalPradesh revealed the following: (i) InNDBR, the relative contribution of speciesrichness showed no changes in all threelayers and remarkable changes in totaltree density, seedlings; increase inseedlings from 81.7% (1988-89) to94.6% (2008-09) was observed. (ii) InNWLS, 10 forest tree communities wereidentified from 23 sites. Total tree densityranged from 210.0-600.0 Ind ha-1 andtotal basal area from 1.9-60.7 m2ha-1.Shrubs density ranged from 450.0-3390.0 Ind ha-1, herbs density from44.8-156.8 Ind m-2

, saplings density from50-450 Ind ha-1 and seedlings densityfrom 110-1060 Ind ha-1

. Species richnessranged from 43-111; it was highest inQuercus leucotrichophora community,followed by Quercus semecarpifolia andCedrus deodara communities. Speciesdiversity index (H’) for trees ranged from0.26-1.72, saplings from 0.26-1.70,seedlings from 0.17-1.84, shrubs from1.07-2.8 and herbs from 2.70-3.60. (iii)In KBR, investigation made in eight highaltitude sites, to cover analysis of entiretransects (total 15 sites), for woody

structure and recruitment showed 51 treeand 30 shrub species. The total speciessignificantly declined (r = -0.874;p<0.01) along increasing altitudes. (iv)In Tawang-Kameng BR a total of 311species of flowering plants includingendemic, primitive and ethnomedicinalwere recorded. Of these 11 species arebeing overexploited and unsustainableharvesting of these species may threatentheir survival in natural habitat.

– In order to promote sustainable utilizationof high value plants phytochemicalinvestigation on Myrica esculenta fruitshas been investigated. Results revealed asignificant negative correlation of catechin(r=-0.778; P<0.05) with altitude.Correlation matrix revealed that totalphenolic and flavonoid contents hassignificant (p<0.05) positive impact onantioxidant activity (Table-44). Linearregression analysis showed that phenoliccontents contribute 46.3 to 47.6% ofradical scavenging property (r2 = 0.463for DPPH and r2 = 0.476 for ABTS) and56.6% of reducing property (r2=0.566).Similarly, flavonoids contribute 55.4% to70.9% radical scavenging property (r2

= 0.554 for ABTS and r2 = 0.709 forDPPH) and 47.8% of reducing property(r2 = 0.478).

– The enumeration of microbial communitieswith particular reference to water qualityof river Jataganga (District Almora,Uttarakhand), as influenced by theanthropogenic activities and seasonalchanges has been completed. Watersamples, collected from five differentsites, experiencing different anthropogenicpressures, have been analysed for totalviable counts and the biologicalindicators, in four seasons, at twotemperatures. Isolation of microorganismswas conducted following standardprocedures- Most Probable Number, andStandard Plate Count methods. The

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phenotypic and genotypiccharacterization of pure cultures areunder progress. The isolates are beingclassified as coliforms, non coliforms,biological indicators, and soilmicroorganisms. Selected cultures ofbacteria, actinomycetes and fungi havebeen accessioned by MTCC, IMTECH,Chandigarh; ITCC, IARI, New Delhi andAgarkar Institute, Pune. The genesequences of the important isolates havebeen accessioned by NCBI.

– Mass scale propagation for conservationof endangered Rhododendron maddeniand R. dalhousiae using existing protocolhas been developed. Large number ofplants have been successfully producedand transferred to the field. More thanfive hundred tissue culture raised R.maddeni are currently being maintainedin net house conditions and are ready forfield plantation. Also, a micropropagationmethod was developed for R. griffithianumfrom the cotyledonary nodal segments of7-week-old seedlings. Multiple shootswere initiated on modified Anderson

(AM) medium containing growthregulators and antioxidants.

Application of R & D Outputs inDemonstration and Dissemination:

Capacity building through RuralTechnology Center (RTC)

– The participatory action Research andTraining Centers (RTCs) at Triyuginarayanand Kosi got wide popularity and playeda catalytic role in capacity building ofthe user groups on various ruraltechnologies either introduced ordeveloped by the Institute. A total of 22training and awareness programmes wereconducted for different user groups atdifferent RTCs (farmers/officials selectedby the Govt. and non - govt. organizations,farmers selected by the Instituteprogrammers and students, etc. of which21% training/awareness programmeswere State Biotechnology Department,21% NGOs, 20% WatershedManagement, 11% belonged to studentgroups, 11% Institute programmes, and11% were sponsored by the Horticulture

Table-42. Correlation matrix between altitude, total phenols, total flavonoids and antioxidantactivity measured by different assays in selected populations of Myrica esculenta (n= 9)

r value a Altitude Total Flavonoids ABTS DPPH FRAPphenols

Altitude 1

Total phenols -0.360 1

Flavonoids 0.004 0.771* 1

ABTS 0.057 0.691* 0.744* 1

DPPH 0.176 0.68* 0.843** 0.878** 1

FRAP -0.132 0.753* 0.691* 0.949** 0.856** 1

Gallic acid -0.165 0.057 0.078 0.017 0.264 0.078

Catechin -0.778* 0.256 0.036 -0.215 0.130 0.036

Chlorogenic acid -0.379 -0.404 -0.293 -0.371 -0.188 -0.293

ñ-Coumaric acid -0.101 0.019 0.078 0.017 0.264 0.078

a - Correlation coefficient, Level of significance: *P<0.05; ** P<0.01

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7and other Government Departments and5% Livelihood Improvement programme.A total of 1260 persons (Female, 591and Male, 839) covering 5 districts and42 villages in Uttarakhand were benefited(Table-43).

– Towards certification of the raw materialof medicinal plants grown by the farmersand local producers of the area QualityAssurance Laboratory has beenestablished. In the initial phase prioritizedmedicinal plants of Uttarakhand weretaken up for developing chemical profiles.

– In order to strength the fodder resources,and for developing a pilot model forreducing drudgery of rural women inKedarnath Valley, a total of 4.0 ha of

waste land has been developed in afodder bank at Maikhanda village. Theresults of assessment of total green foddercollection showed highest for Shersivillage 84±6.23 kg/household/day,whereas it was lowest for the loweraltitude village of Maikhanda(64.4±3.60 kg/household/day; Table-44).

– Under the demonstration programme,value addition and up-gradation oftraditional wild edible products forsustainable livelihoods, appropriateapproaches & framework for capacitybuilding & skill development in the areaof bioprospecting and value addition ofnon-timber forest products (NTFPs) were

Table-43. Training organized for different user groups (April, 2010 – March, 2011)

Users Total Male Female

Farmers selected by Govt. organizations 381 300+50 81+75Farmers selected by NGOs 605 273 332Institute programme 31 19+20 12+25Students 243 177 66Total 1260 839 591Districts covered 8Villages covered 42 + 6 = 48

Table-44. Quantity of green fodder collected from March-October in selected villages locatedat different altitudes of Kedarnath Valley, Uttarakhand

Village Number of Quantity Quantity QuantityBackload/HH/ Kg/HH/day Kg/HH/month Kg/HH/seasonDay

Tosi 2.38±0.10 83.52±3.63 2,505.68±108.86 20,045.46±870.88Triyuginarayan 2.4±0.18 84±6.22 2,520±186.84 20,160±1,494.79Shersi 2.3±0.15 84±6.23 2,522±187.85 20,167±1,496.82Rampur 2.36±0.12 82.6±4.23 2,478±126.87 19,824±1,014.97Sitapur 2.36±0.16 81.9±5.32 2,457±159.59 19,656±1,276.68Maikhanda 1.84±0.10 64.4±3.60 1,932±108.10 15,456±864.83

*HH(Household)

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initiated. Strong linkages with networkingwas developed with various institutions,NGOs and line departments for widerpopularization of the use of wild edibles.The package of practices wasdisseminated for value addition of somepotential species such as Viburnummullaha, Paeonea emodii andRhododendron arborem to some of thelocal NGOs and few of them, e. g.,Swaraj Swayat Sanstha (Masta,Guptakashi), Laxmi Fal Sanrakchan AvamKutir Udhyog (Agustyamuni), Mohil FalSanrakchan (Silly,Agustyamuni) havestarted preparing and marketing variousproducts made out of these species.

– A small bioprospecting unit has beenestablished for demonstration andprocessing of locally availablebioresources. So far more than 165families in the 13 villages of upper Kedarvalley in district Rudrapryag have madestrategic interventions in respect ofbioresource based products, andenterprise development for enhancinglocal livelihood opportunities and creatingeconomic incentives for conservation.

– Three training programmes has beenorganized through which 90 participantswere provided training and livedemonstration about value addition ofwild edibles and agri-crops. as a source

R&D progress of GBPIHED

Prioritized R&D activities R&D Themes RESEARCH DEMONSTRATION DISSEMINATION

Environmental Status Assessment and Monitoring

• Land and water resources assessment, monitoring of climate sensitive areas

• Dynamics studies of sensitive biodiversity elements (species/habitats)

• Impact of development initiatives on natural systems

• Resource-use surveys for rural planning

• Documentation of IKS and database development

• Eco-Restoration and conservation

• Arboretum,

herbal gardens, multipleuse garden and Vriksh Vatika

• Livelihood options

• Capacity

building/ skill development

• Networking • Publications

/documentation

Environmental Conservation and Management

• Strengthening conservation of priority areas/species

• Eco-restoration of degraded sites/areas

• Factors and processes for mountain hazard management

• Microbial diversity, potential application & culture collections

Developmental options/ strategies/ plans

• Resource management interventions

• Propagation of economically important plants

• IERP for IHR

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Competence

• Village Environment Action Plan (VEAP)

• Natural Resource Assessment &Management

• Water Resource Conservation

• Biodiversity Characterization andMonitoring

• Documentation of IKS

• Environmental Physiology and PlantAdaptation

• Biotechnological and MicrobiologicalApplications

• Environmental Impact Assessment &Environmental Management Plans

• Wasteland Development/ Restoration

• Resource Mapping for Rural Planning andManagement

Institutional Networking

Services

Laboratory Analysis• Plant, soil, water and air quality• Meteorological data analysis• Biochemical investigations on medicinal/

edible plants• Microbiological and biotechnological

experimentationCapacity Building• Natural Resource Management• Nature protection and conservation

education• RS/GIS training• Training on low-cost rural technologies• Disaster management• Doctoral/Masters and Graduate level

dissertationsConsultancies• Water Resource Management –Catchment

Area Protection• Hydropower - EIA/EMP• Project formulation on bioresources• Watershed Management Strategies• Environmental guidelines and monitoring

plans for watershed management• Landscape planning for mountain risk

engineering• Biodiversity assessment and Monitoring• Impact of agricultural diversificationOther Services• Gene bank and identification of plants• Supply of elite planting material of selected

herbs & multi-purpose trees (MPTs)• Library & Information, and dissemination

through books, journals, periodicals, etc.

Table-45. The core competence / services available with the Institute

of income for user groups/unemployedyouth of the region by making a varietyof value added edible products such asJam, squash, juice, sauce, pickle, etc.

– On - site trainings and formal meetingswere organized, covering over 30villages, 4 Van Panchayats, 6 NGOgroups, and 400 farmers in Uttarakhand,

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Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradeshand Sikkim. Also, two training programmeand live demonstrations were conductedin Garhwal region for value addition ofwild edibles and agri-crops throughproduction of a variety of local valueadded products, i.e. juice, squash, pickle,jam, sauce, etc. Similarly, a trainingprogram on formulation of district disastermanagement plan was conducted forsenior to middle level officers of linedepartments of Govt. of Sikkim jointlywith National Institute of DisasterManagement, New Delhi & LandRevenue, and Disaster ManagementDepartment, Govt. of Sikkim.

– Based on the participatory discussion,training manuals on various technologypackages were prepared, and distributedto the farmers and user groups.

Throughout the year, the R&D findings ofthe Institute were disseminated throughpublication of research papers in scientificjournals and magazines, popular articles andbooks and through Institute publications: Pt.G.B. Pant Memorial Lectures by eminent thinkersand scholars, Hima-Paryavaran (Biannual-Newsletter), ENVIS Bulletin, ENVIS Newsletter,Himalayan Biosphere Reserve Bulletin (Biannual)by Lead centre, and Annual Report.

Services

Based on its competence gained over theyears on different aspects of mountain-specificenvironment and development issues the Instituteis fully equipped to extend services in diversesectors; some of the areas are given inTable-47.

Forestry ResearchIndian Council of Forestry Researchand Education (ICFRE), Dehradun

Indian Council of Forestry Research andEducation (ICFRE), an apex body in thenational forestry research system, has beenundertaking the holistic development of forestry

research through need based planning,promoting, conducting and coordinatingresearch, education and extension coveringall aspects of forestry. The Council deals withthe solution based forestry research in tunewith the emerging issues in the sector, includingglobal concerns such as climate change,conservation of biological diversity, combatingdesertification and sustainable managementand development of resources. Topical researchby the Council enhances public confidence inthe ability of forest managers and researchersto successfully handle challenges related tonatural resource management.

Objectives

– To undertake, aid, promote and coordinateforestry education, research andapplications thereof.

– To develop and maintain a NationalLibrary and Information Centre for forestryand allied sciences.

– To act as a clearing-house for researchand general information related to forestsand wildlife.

– To develop forestry extension programmesand propagate the same through massmedia, audio-visual aids and extensionmachinery.

– To provide consultancy services in thefield of forestry research, education andallied sciences.

– To undertake other jobs considerednecessary to attain these objectives.

Fig-57. Achanakmar Biosphere Reserve

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Institutes and Centres under theCouncil

ICFRE has eight Regional ResearchInstitutes and four Research Centres locatedin different bio-geographical regions of thecountry to cater to the forestry research needsof the nation.

Research Institutes under the Council are

– Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun– Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree

Breeding (IFGTB), Coimbatore– Institute of Wood Science and Technology

(IWST), Bengaluru– Tropical Forest Research Institute (TFRI),

Jabalpur– Rain Forest Research Institute (RFRI), Jorhat– Arid Forest Research Institute (AFRI),

Jodhpur– Himalayan Forest Research Institute

(HFRI), Shimla– Institute of Forest Productivity (IFP), RanchiAdvanced Research Centres underthe Council are

– Centre for Social Forestry and Eco-Rehabilitation (CSFER), Allahabad

– Centre for Forestry Research and HumanResource Development (CFRHRD),Chhindwara

– Forest Research Centre (FRC), Hyderabad– Advanced Research Centre for Bamboo

and Rattans (ARCBR), AizawlForest Research Institute (FRI),Dehradun

Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradunis working on diversity in Ganoderma lucidumin North India and collected more than 75specimens from Haryana, New Delhi, Punjab,Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh forconservation and utilization.

Indian Institute of Forest Management(IIFM), Bhopal

The Institute, as a sectoral managementinstitute, imparts education in forest

management, which is a judicious mixture offorestry, social, and management science.The Institute constantly endeavours to keep intouch with the problems of people, especiallythe forest dwellers and undertakes need-basedresearch. The Institute tries to serve as areservoir of knowledge in the area of forestmanagement and ensures proper integrationof external and indigenous knowledge suitableto Indian context.

Research and Consultancy

– To generate information on field realitiesand derive meaningful interpretationthrough systematic research.

– To offer consultancy services to the clientorganizations based on the availableexpertise.

Research

– Research being one of the key activitiesof the Institute, it actively undertookvarious research projects in diverse areas.IIFM completed seven research projectsduring the year, of which two weresponsored by IIFM and five wereexternally sponsored projects. Currently,there are 26 ongoing research projectsat IIFM.

Centres of Excellence

International Centre for CommunityForestry (ICCF)

The International Centre for CommunityForestry (ICCF) is functioning as a “Centre ofExcellence” to cater to the growing need andinterest in Community Forestry initiatives. Itaims to promote community forestry initiativesand publications in the field of Joint ForestManagement (JFM), Self-Initiated ForestProtection (SIFP) and other forms of communitybased forest management system.

The Centre began functioning actively in2001, with fund support from the Sir DorabjiTata Trust (SDTT), Mumbai. Later, it receivedmany projects from various governments and

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non government agencies through which theCentre catered its other ongoing communityforestry projects. The Centre envisagesprograms implementation involving exchangeof scientists, researchers and community forestryworkers from India and other countries.

The Centre has been entrusted with astudy under UNDP-GEF-MOEF project, tosuggest revised guidelines for JFM with afocus on conservation and sustainable use ofmedicinal plants. A series of consultativeworkshops are scheduled to be conducted forthis purpose. One such workshop wasconducted in Delhi on 04th March, 2011.The centre has prepared a training manual forcapacity building of BMC members in thestate of Madhya Pradesh. One trainingworkshop for Bhopal, Raisen, Vidisha andRajgarh districts was conducted on 06th

August, 2010 at IIFM, Bhopal.

Center for Ecological ServicesManagement (CESM)

The Centre for Ecological ServicesManagement (CESM) has been set up as aninterdisciplinary centre to address crucialpolicy issues associated with the complexrelationship between ecological, social,economic, legal and institutional aspects ofecosystem management. Several initiativeshave been taken by organisations on theissues of environment and development insouth and south East Asia, but the number ofprofessional organisation working on therelated issues on valuation and developingmarkets and incentive based mechanismecosystem services is very small. CESMspecifically addressed this crucial gap andwould undertake research, consultancy,teaching, training activities as well as preparedata base on the values of ecosystem services,develop and standardise techniques ofvaluation of ecosystem service and impactstudies of degradation. It also networks withnational and international organisations in theNRM Sector for promoting professionalexchange.

Center for Sustainable ForestManagement & Forest Certification(SFM & FC)

Forest Certification has emerged as animportant market driven tool and a mechanismfor assessment and monitoring of forest andforest products. It is a process that leads tothe issuing of a certificate by an independentparty, which verifies that an area of forest ismanaged to a defined standard.

The center for SFM & FC represents IIFMas member in both the National WorkingGroup as well as the National ForestCertification Committee, constituted by Govt.of India.

The center is expected to generate thepool of knowledge and understanding on theemerging field of Stainable Forest Management& Forest Certification for the benefit of forestrysector in the country.

During the year 2010-11, one training-cum-workshop course for the officers of IndianForest Service was conducted. An IIFMsupported pilot study for developing standardsfor certification of NTFPs was also undertakenduring the year. Details of the activities areprovided in the concerned sections of thereport.

Center for Livelihood Management

Centre for Livelihood Management’smission is “Sustainable Livelihood Enhancementof Communities including Poor, Marginalisedand Women”. The centre acts as a ResourceCentre for Stakeholders in the area of training,research, documentation, consultancy, networkand advocacy activities. It provides a forumfor influencing the programmes and policiesrelated to livelihood. It also strives fordissemination of technology and approacheswhich can sustain livelihood. The stakeholderswould include government officialsimplementing various development projectsfor livelihood enhancement, personnel fromNGO and Civil Society organisations,

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representatives of Panchyati Raj Institutionsand Communities.

During the year 2010-11 the Centre hasundertaken two training programmes, oneresearch project and three workshops.

Regional Center for NationalAfforestation and Eco-developmentBoard (RCNAEB)

The Regional Centre for NationalAfforestation and Eco-development Board,(RCNAEB), came into existence in year1989 at the Institute. Since then the Centrehas been working in the areas related toafforestation and eco-development in the Statesof Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Odishaas per the mandate contained in theMemorandum of Understanding (MoU) signedbetween the National Afforestation and Eco-development Board (NAEB), MoEF, GoI andIIFM.

The main focus area of this RegionalCentre is National Afforestation Programme(NAP) of MoEF, GOI which aims at supportingand accelerating the ongoing process ofdevolving forest protection, managementand development functions to institutionsof Joint Forest Management i.e. Joint ForestManagement Committees (JFMCs) at thevillage level, and Forest Development Agencies(FDAs) at the forest division level. RCNAEB,Bhopal is supporting the JFMCs, which are themain organs of Joint Forest Management incapacity building at the grassroots level. Thisdecentralised two-tier institutional structure(FDAs and JFMCs) allows greater participationof the community, both in planning andimplementation, to improve forests andlivelihoods of the people living in and aroundforest areas in addition to significantlyempowering the local people in participatingin the decision making process.

During the financial year 2010-11, theCentre has undertaken 12 trainingprogrammes, five workshops and threeawareness raising programmes. Eight research

projects were completed during the yearwhereas 14 projects are ongoing.

Training

The Institute has been organizing short-term training courses, seminars and workshopsto transfer technical and managerial skillsbeing generated by faculty areas of theinstitute. The focus of these programmes is onevolving, analyzing and synthesizing variousmanagement techniques/ tools, ideas andconcepts relevant to the forestry and alliedsector. During the year the institute conducted33 Management Development Programmes,organised 23 workshops/seminars whichinclude programmes conducted underexternally funded projects like ICCF, ITTOand RCNAEB.

Consultancy

The Institute completed two consultancyassignments and eight more are in progress.

Some of the client organizations forconsultancy assignments include HaryanaForest Department; Tribal Welfare Department,Govt. of M.P.; M.P. State EmploymentGuarantee Council, Department of Panchayatand Rural Development, Govt. of M.P.; M.P.Forest Department; Department of SC/STWelfare, Govt. of M.P.; Birla CorporationLimited, Satna; Environmental Planning andCoordination Organisation (EPCO), Bhopal;Andaman & Nicobar Forest Department,Haddo, Port Blair; Himachal Pradesh ForestDepartment, Shimla; Khadi and VillageIndustries Commission, Mumbai, etc.

Publications

The Institute continues to disseminate itsresearch findings to the larger audiencethrough its own publications and also bypublication of research papers in reputedjournals, books and also by presentation ofpapers in national and internationalconferences. The faculty also participatedand presented research papers in nationaland international conferences.

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Other Activities

The year 2010-2011 was marked bysignificant progress in different areas ofacademic activities. The Students Council ofIIFM has also been very active during thisyear and organized number of academic aswell as extra-curricular events.

Indian Plywood Industries Researchand Training Institute (IPIRTI),Bengaluru

Established in 1962 as a co-operativeresearch laboratory at the initiative of theIndian Plywood Industry with participation ofthe Council of Scientific and IndustrialResearch, Indian Plywood Industries Researchand Training Institute (IPIRTI) is now anautonomous Research and Training Instituteunder the Ministry of Environment & Forests,Government of India. From the inception, theInstitute has been closely associated withdevelopment of plywood and panel industryin the country and also instrumental in thegrowth, from its infant stage. The Institute isan industry driven organization. Recognized(since 1989) as a Scientific & IndustrialResearch Organization by the Government ofIndia under the Department of Scientific andIndustrial Research Scheme.

The Institute is basically mandated tocarry out research and development, trainingand education, testing and standardizationand extension in the field of plywood andpanel product manufacturing. Themultidisciplinary research projects based onthe problems identified by the industrialrepresentatives, Institute Scientists and othersimilar interested organizations, are takenup.This is the only Institute of its kind in thecountry working for the plywood and panelindustries. Due to expertise and credibilityestablished over many years, the Institute hasdeveloped a strong relationship with the industryand well recognized for its contribution. As aresult, industry continues to support our researchefforts. An important and unique aspect of R

& D works at the Institute is that lab scalefindings are upscaled to industrial level tofacilitate their adoption by the Industries.

Wildlife Research

Wildlife Institute of India (WII),Dehradun

Wildlife research at the Institute coversecological, biological, socio-economic andmanagerial aspects of wildlife conservation.The research projects generate valuablescientific data, help evolve study techniquesrelevant to the Indian ground condition, andalso create a group of trained field biologists,socio-economists and wildlife managers. Thescientific information generated is utilized formanagement of protected areas. Researchalso enables the Institute’s faculty to keepabreast of the current field situations,management needs and research trends in thefield and thus constantly enhance itsprofessional skills and update its teachinginputs. The research agenda is decided andguided by the Training, Research AdvisoryCommittee (TRAC) comprising eminentconservationists, academicians andrepresentatives of scientific organizations aswell as state wildlife organizations, whichensures that research conforms to the nationalconservation priorities.

During the reporting period, 16 researchprojects were completed and 40 researchprojects were ongoing in the Institute.

Fig-58. Route map of WII Campus, Dehradun

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Environmental Education,Awareness and TrainingIntroduction and Objectives

The emergence of environmental issuesat the top of the global agenda in the contextof climate change concerns underline theneed for collective endeavour for protectionof environment. This warrants informed andvoluntary participation of all sections of thepeople in the movement for conservation andparticipation of environment. Awareness ofpeople about emerging environmental issuesand the interconnections between the lifestyles and environment is an essentialprerequisite for such participation.

Population increase, rapid urbanisationand industrialisation, increasing needs ofenergy etc., have impacted the availability ofnatural resources besides denting the qualityof environment. The environmental damagealready inflicted cannot be reversed unlessthere is collective thinking, will and effort.These call for public awareness andparticipation for bringing about an attitudinalchange and finally restricting further damageto the environment. Effective implementationof environmental management andconservation programmes depends oneducation, awareness raising and training inthe relevant areas. Without an adequateawareness of the impending challenges andtheir implications, few people would bemotivated to participate actively inprogrammes on environmental conservation.Environment education and awareness thusassumes critical importance.

The ‘Environmental Education, Awarenessand Training’ is a flagship scheme of theMinistry for enhancing the understanding ofpeople at all levels about the relationshipbetween human beings and the environmentand to develop capabilities/skills to improveand protect the environment. This schemewas launched in 1983-84 with the followingbasic objectives:

– To promote environmental awarenessamong all sections of the society;

– To spread environment education,especially in the non-formal systemamong different sections of the society;

– To facilitate development of education/training materials and aids in the formaleducation sector;

– To promote environment educationthrough existing educational/scientific/research institutions;

– To ensure training and manpowerdevelopment for environment education,awareness and training;

– To encourage non-governmentalorganizations, mass media and otherconcerned organizations for promotingawareness about environmental issuesamong the people at all levels;

– To use different media including films,audio, visual and print, theatre, drama,advertisements, hoarding, posters,seminars, workshops, competitions,meetings etc. for spreading messagesconcerning environment and awareness;and

– To mobilize people’s participation forpreservation and conservation ofenvironment.

Activities undertaken during the year

The major programmes undertaken toachieve the overall objectives of the schemeare as follows:

National Green Corps (NGC)Programme

It is a well established and recognisedfact that the children can be catalysts inpromoting a mass movement about theensemble of the environmental issues. Beingfuture citizens, inculcation of environmentfriendly attitudes and behavioural patternsamongst them can make a significantdifference to the long term efforts for protectionof environment. Children are triggers for a

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chain reaction, making a difference at thelocal and community level which in duecourse lead to awareness at village, city,State, country and global level. MoEF hashence, embarked upon a major initiative forcreating environmental awareness amongchildren by formulating National Green Corps(NGC) in 2001-02. In less than ten years,that the programme has been in operation,it has been catapulted into a mass movementof children for maintaining and preservingthe environment. 1,30,931 Eco-clubs haveso far been established in NGC Schoolsacross the country.

During financial year 2011-12 (as on07.03.2012), 99,063 Eco-clubs weresupported by the Ministry across the country.

National Environment AwarenessCampaign (NEAC)

The need for a mass movement forprotection of environment needs no emphasis.The concerns of the people for environmentneed to be harnessed into voluntary action.This requires a network of nodal agenciesand grass-root level organisations.

The NEAC was hence launched in mid1986 with the objective of creatingenvironmental awareness at the nationallevel. In this campaign, nominal financialassistance is provided to NGOs, schools,colleges, universities, research institutes,women and youth organisations, army units,government departments etc. from all overthe country for conducting awareness raisingand action oriented activities. The awarenessactivities could be seminars, workshops,training programmes, camps, padyatras,rallies, public meetings, exhibitions, essay/debate/painting/poster competitions, folkdances and songs, street theatre, puppetshows, preparation and distribution ofenvironmental education resource materialsetc. Action components could be plantationof trees, management of household waste,cleaning of water bodies, taking up water

harvesting structures, use of energy savingdevices etc. Diverse target groupsencompassing students, youths, teachers,tribals, farmers, other rural population,professionals and the general public arecovered under NEAC. The programme isimplemented through designated RegionalResource Agencies (RRAs) appointed forspecific States/Regions of the country.

This programme was continued duringthis year with the main theme as ‘Forests forSustainable Livelihood”. The following sub-themes were considered for financialassistance:

(i) Afforestation,(ii) Forest Conservaton,(iii) Forest and Climate Amelioration,(iv) Forest for Water,(v) Participatory Forest Management,(vi) Agro/Social Forestry,(vii) Forestry in Urban and Peri Urban Area,(viii) Renewable Energy,(ix) Green India Mission.

Thirty four Regional Resource Agencies(RRAs) appointed by the Ministry are involvedin conducting, supervising and monitoringthe NEAC activities during the year. A totalof 14,297 organisations have been involvedin the campaign across the country. TheMinistry sanctioned an amount of Rs.12.12Cr to the RRAs for further disbursementamong the approved participatingorganisations.

Library

The Library is the documented repositoryof the Ministry for dissemination of informationin the field of environment and its associatedareas. It has a collection of over 25,000books and Technical reports etc. Besides, thelibrary also receives more than 38 national/international journals covering diverse areasof environment. Being the scientific Ministry,Library is one of the richest documentary

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bases for scientific journals in the field ofenvironment and its associated areas.

The library performs an important rolein the planning, promotion, implementationand coordination of the Ministry’s objectivesby providing timely access to relevant andcomprehensive information to its users-officialsof the Ministry, external organizations (bothgovernmental and non-governmental),research students, decision makers etc.

Research scholars from variousorganisations, institutions and otherprofessional bodies visited the library for avariety of information required by them fromtime to time.

Seminars/Symposia/Workshops

This programme provides a platform toscientists/environmentalists/ Universityprofessionals/ technocrats, etc, to share theirknowledge on various subjects related toenvironment. The Ministry provides financialassistance to the Universities/other institutions/NGOs to organise events (seminars /Symposia/Workshops/Conferences) and topublish the proceedings. The scheme facilitatesthe transfer of technical know-how to differentpeople including local population.

Universities/professional bodies/technical institutions and other R&Dorganisations are very responsive to theprogramme as is evidenced by the increasein the number of proposals being received bythe Ministry. Thrust areas as identified underthe programme are under constant reviewand being expanded to include more newareas. Proposal to enhance the monetaryceilings for events at District, State, Nationaland International levels is under considerationto expand the outreach of the programmeboth geographically and demographically.During the financial year 2011-12 (as on07.03.2012), 17 organisations wereprovided financial assistance for conductingseminars/symposia /workshop etc.

Mass Media

Media Cell of the Ministry is mandatedwith taking up awareness campaigns usingprint and electronic media besides othermass media to enhance awareness aboutvarious environmental issues which would inturn facilitate better compliance withenvironment regulations. Media Cell is guidedby an Advisory Committee of Experts onMedia Matters under the Chairmanship ofSecretary (E&F) in this regard. During theyear, as per the Media Action Plan (MAP)adopted by the Ministry, the following majoractivities were supported/sponsored/completed:

– The World Environment Day (WED) wascommemorated on 5th June 2011 on thetheme: ‘Forests : Nature at Your Service’.

– Green Haat was organised on 1-5 June,2011 at Delhi for expo-cum-sale ofminor products from forests – food,medicinal/health products, cosmetics andhandicrafts.

– CMS, a Delhi based multi-disciplinarythink tank hold an internationalBiodiversity Film Festival on 1-4 June,2011 at New Delhi.

– The National Museum of Natural Historywith its partner institutions organised aspecial Nature Camps for differentchildren at Bangalore on 2-5 June,2011.

– Celebrities, sportspersons, youth andgeneral public took part in specialwalkathons and marathons organised atDelhi and Bangalore.

– The Wildlife Institute of India (WII),Dehradun organised a Workshop on 5thjune, 2011 on Emerging Issues in WildlifeConservation with NGOs concerned,citizens and academic institutions.

– Supported the CMS Vatavaran -Environment & Wildlife Film Festival andForum 2011 on 6-10 December, 2011at New Delhi.

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– Released advertisement in National andRegional Newspapers in English, Hindiand regional languages for NationalEnvironmental Awareness Campaign2011-12.

Grants-in-Aid to Professional Societies& Institutes

The objective of the programme is tofacilitate optimum utilization of expertiseavailable with professional societies andinstitutions for promotion of environmenteducation and awareness. The programmeaims at utilizing the existing capacities whilesimultaneously providing for enhancing thecapacities of such institutions. The projects tobe financially supported would interalia includedevelopment/extension of exhibition galleries,interpretation centres and education materialsrelating to ecology, wildlife and environment.The financial assistance is not provided forprocurement of capital goods/ equipment.However, some office equipment like computer,projector etc can be purchased if they areincidental to or essential part of exhibitiongalleries, interpretation centres and educationalfocused activities. This one time grant is alsonot available for research, collection andcompilation of data and information or to anyindividual / business houses.

Publication of resource materialrelated to environment

The objective of this programme is toutilize expertise available with professionalsocieties, voluntary organizations, institutionsetc. for developing and publication ofinnovative and high quality resource materialfor promoting environmental education andawareness by providing financial assistancefor development and publication of suchmaterial. The publication material mustpopularize the understanding about theenvironment, emerging issues and out of thebox solutions including innovative approachesfor protection and should be relevant and ofhigh standard and should supplement the

efforts of the Ministry to promote environmenteducation and awareness.

Under the programme, grant is notprovided for publication of newsletters,magazines, journals, periodicals etc. or toany publisher/business house includingindividuals.

Global Learning and Observations toBenefit the Environment (GLOBE)

The Global Learning and Observationsto Benefit the Environment (GLOBE)Programme – an international Science andEducation programme – provides a uniqueopportunity to the school students to carry outvarious measurements so that they can learnabout scientific protocols and performenvironmental learning activities, which havealready been introduced as theory in thetextbooks. The GLOBE programme not onlyhelps the students to appreciate the contentsof the textbooks through better understandingbut also assists them in gaining completeknowledge of environment.

It facilitates research through a worldwideresearch team comprising of students, teachersand scientists.

Other Awareness Programmes

Since the financial assistance providedfor awareness programmes under the NEACis for activities to be conducted in a specifictime frame and are short-term projectsrestricted to a specific area, other proposalsfor creating awareness among diverse targetgroups are received throughout the year fromvarious NGOs and other agencies. Theseare considered on merit as and when receivedand supported. Some of the major awarenessactivities conducted/sponsored during theyear are mentioned below:

– 7th Vacational Programme on NaturalResources (VPNR) was organised byAravali Foundation for Education, NewDelhi.

– The Green Oplympiad and TERRA Quiz

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(support extended during 2011-12 is as on 07.03.2012)

Fig-59. Numbers of Eco-clubs supported since 2003-2004

Fig-60. Numbers of participating organisations in NEAC since 1986-87

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2011-12 was organised by ‘The EnergyResource and Institute (TERI), New Delhi

– Knowledge Park on the occasion ofWorld Environment Day 2011 wasorganised by the Centre for EnvironmentEducation (CEE), New Delhi.

Progress/Achievements made duringthe year

– 99,063 Eco-clubs supported during2011-12 (as on 7th March, 2012).

– Record level of financial assistance ofRs. 12.12 crore approved under NEAC.

– Number of participating organisationsin NEAC reached an all time high of14,297.

Comparison of progress during theyear

Progress mode in supporting Eco-clubsunder NGC since 2003-04 is shown inFig.-58.

The number of participating organisationsin NEAC rose from 115 during 1986-87 to14,297 during 2010-11. (Fig.-59)

State-wise status

– Number of eco-clubs established in States/ UTs since 2004-05 is given in Table-46.

– A detail of financial assistance releasedunder the NGC programme is given inTable-47.

– Amount sanctioned under NEACprogramme since 2004-05 is given inTable-48.

Implementing organisations alongwith details

The National Green Corps Programme isimplemented throughout the country throughState Nodal Agencies. A list of nodal agenciesin States/UTs is at Table-IV. The Regional Resource

Fig.-61. Budget allocation and Progress of Expenditure

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Agencies help the Ministry in conducting,supervising and monitoring the NEAC activitiesthroughout the country.

Table-46. No. of Eco-clubs established under the NGC Programme (since 2004-05)

Budget Allocation

The budget allocation of the scheme andprogress of expenditure is given in Fig.61.

State/UT No. of Eco-clubs

2011-12*

2010-11

2009-10

2008-09

2007-08

2006-07

2005-06

2004-05

Andhra Pradesh 5750 5750 5750 5750 5750 5750 3900 3900 Arunachal Pradesh (NE)

525

Assam (NE) 5207 5207 5207 4695 Bihar 8871 8971 8971 8473 7200 5266 5700 Chandigarh (UT) 115 113 112 110 Chhattisgarh 4000 3932 3932 3932 3932 4000 2373 2400 Dadra & Nagar Haveli (UT)

Daman & Diu (UT) Delhi (NCT) 1796 1796 1874 2000 1600 1600 1500 1500 Goa 500 500 500 441 300 Gujarat 6750 6750 6500 6500 6250 3750 3750 Haryana 5250 5000 5000 2850 2750 Himachal Pradesh 3000 3000 1693 1800 1800 Jammu & Kashmir 5500 Jharkhand 2842 3300 Karnataka 8000 8000 4800 Kerala 3500 3500 3500 3500 3500 2100 Lakshadweep (UT) 12 Maharashtra 8905 8905 8898 8898 8844 8844 5400 5400 Manipur (NE) 1750 1350 1350 900 Meghalaya (NE) Mizoram (NE) 1235 1235 1235 1200 1200 1200 Madhya Pradesh 12500 12500 12500 12000 12000 7200 7200 7200 Nagaland (NE) 2280 2275 2227 2048 2107 800 800 Orissa 7500 7500 7500 7500 5900 4500 4500 Puducherry (UT) 550 550 513 513 Punjab 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 4250 2550 2550 Rajasthan 8250 8000 8000 8000 8000 8000 4800 4800 Sikkim (NE) 540 Tamil Nadu 8000 7500 7500 7500 7500 7500 4500 4500 Tripura (NE) 750 600 600 600 600 600 Uttar Pradesh 10747 10500 Uttaranchal 1950 West Bengal 3912 3912 4750 4750 4750 2850 2850

Total 99,063 87586 93256 112844 91447 87353 67943 68125

* as on 07.03.2012.

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Table-47. Details of Financial Assistance Released to Eco-clubs under the NGC Programme(since 2004-05)

S. STATE/UT 2011-12* 2010-11 2009-10 2008-09 2007-08 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05

1 Andhra Pradesh 15697500 15697500 15697500 15697500 15697500 15466250 10325000 4922500

2 Andaman & Nicobar 896112Islands (UT)

3 Arunachal 1620929

Pradesh (NE)

4 Assam (NE) 14102125 14377125 13163586 12313583

5 Bihar 24283875 24546375 24330707 23080000 19598456 13393300 6191923

6 Chhattisgarh 10911500 10741500 10741500 10741500 10741500 10715207 6304150 2940000

7 Chandigarh (UT) 324529 322750 303338 264650

8 Dadra & Nagar (UT)

9 Daman & Diu (UT)

10 Delhi (NCT) 4950750 4791182 4681243 4887587 4066733 4237079 3665134 1258491

11 Goa 1287721 1323190 1357625 1158021 353158

12 Gujarat 18372375 18395000 17745000 17712500 16750000 10082640 3289268

13 Haryana 14300000 13242978 13242978 6594998 740000

14 Himachal Pradesh 8107976 7877425 4391975 4735777 2152205

15 Jammu & Kashmir 14300000

16 Jharkhand 3507481 3343673

17 Karnataka 18648000 23189957 1396046

18 Kerala 9555000 9450000 9447375 9439500 9119252 1221850

19 Lakshadweep (UT) 26299

20 Madhya Pradesh 34125000 34125000 34060000 32760000 32160000 20160000 19620000 8793750

21 Maharashtra 23714781 23718362 23709110 23635348 23253249 23730000 14715000 6300000

22 Manipur (NE) 4780000 3663018 3663018 450,000

23 Meghalaya (NE)

24 Mizoram (NE) 6903750 3447500 3128200 3128300 1150814

25 Nagaland (NE) 6273125 12097125 539500 5247500 5652500 2256044 400000

26 Orissa 20193734 20474511 20228019 20275000 16100000 12235225 5250000

27 Puducherry (UT) 1519640 1477270 1301567 524973

28 Punjab 13650000 13650000 13650000 13650000 13552500 11390000 6948750 2975000

29 Rajasthan 22522154 21840000 21837661 21725002 21440000 21440000 13080000 5452540

30 Tamil Nadu 21744654 20475000 20361310 20327027 20107802 20099609 12080000 5154797

31 Tripura (NE) 2055000 1680000 1680000 1680000 1600000 735000

32 Sikkim (NE) 1025000

33 Uttarakhand 5111829

34 Uttar Pradesh 9683084 19100000

35 West Bengal 10767750 10872500 13585000 12350000 12730000 7766250 4660543

Total 265242405 244356055 249906482 298350731 236143254 226661044 171379806 69682830

* as on 07.03.2012.

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Table-48. Amount Sanctioned under NEAC

Note: During 2003-04 to 2006-07 amount released under NEAC for Haryana & Chandigarh was combined. From 2007-08 onwardsChandigarh is clubbed with Punjab.

S. No.

State/UT

1 Andhra Pradesh

2 Andaman &Nicobar Isla

3 Arunachal

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National Museum of NaturalHistoryIntroduction

The National Museum of Natural History(NMNH), New Delhi is an institution devotedto Environmental education (EE). The Museumwas opened to the public in 1978 on June5 on the occasion of World Environment Day.The Museum undertakes EE through themeans of Exhibition programmes andEducational activities. Even though the primarytarget audience of the Museum is schoolstudents, it has developed programmes forother categories of people as well. TheNMNH is the pioneer Museum which hasinitiated several specialized programmes tocater to the needs of persons with differentabilities. The Museum also undertakes manyoutreach programmes such as TemporaryExhibitions, Mobile Exhibitions and a largenumber of Nature Camps. It also organisesmany competitions leading YEYA (YoungEnvironmentalist of the Year Award).

In order to expand the geographicalcoverage of its activities, the NMNH hasestablished a few Regional Museums ofNatural History (RMNH) in South India(Mysore) in 1995, Central India (Bhopal) in1997 and Eastern India (Bhubaneswar) in2004. RMNH are also being established forWestern India (Sawai Madhopur) and North-Eastern India (Gangtok).

Progress of Activities undertaken

Educational Activities: NMNH and itsRMNH organised a number of in-house andoutreach programmes for the benefit of schoolchildren, college students, teachers, differentlyabled children and general public. Variousnational and international days of scientificrelevance like World Wetland Day, WorldDay for Water, World Forestry Day,International Ozone Day, Conservation Day,Earth Day, Environment Day, World HeritageDay, International Bio-diversity, Wildlife Week,

were observed and different programmes forschool children and challenged children werealso organised. It also organised differenteducational activities and competitions likeQuiz, Declamation, On-the-spot Painting,Poster Making, Slogan writing, Essay writing,Model making, Bird Watching and Tree-spotting for the participating students onthese occasions.

Publications: NMNH and its RMNHpublished a number of publications in English,Hindi, Kannada and Oriya on the topicsrelated to animals, plants, biodiversity andother environment related issues. A specialdesk calendar was printed on the prizewinning entries of different contests organisedby the Museum. It also published posters andbooklets including the Summer Programmemagazine, on topics related to nature andenvironment.

Temporary Exhibitions

– NMNH New Delhi: The NMNH wasinvolved in organizing an exhibition onBiodiversity as part of the launch ofUnited Nations Decade on Biodiversityfor Asia and Pacific organized byMinistry of Environment & Forests,Government of India on 23rd May 2011A temporary exhibition on “Biodiversityof Western India” was launched at theZoological Survey of India (ZSI) Jodhpurfrom 28th September to 2nd October2011. The exhibition highlighted theconcern about sustainable developmentand global concern on environmentalissues and Indian tradition ofconservation.A temporary exhibition on “SustainableLiving” was organised on 25th & 266h

November 2011 at Lalit Hotel New Delhi.A temporary exhibition on “IntangibleNatural Heritage” is under the processof development in the 4th Floor Galleryof NMNH.

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– RMNH Bhubaneswar- Exhibition onWheels: The Exhibition on wheels on thetheme Forest Wealth was on display atKhordha Zilla Lok Utsav organized byAswasana, a Socio-Cultural & EconomicRe-Construction Organization, Khordhafrom 18th to 25th April 2011. About20000 people visited the exhibition.Exhibition on wheels was sent to Govt.High School, Tomando, Khurda alongwith specimens and models of animalsfor interaction with the students on 22nd

October, 2011.Exhibition on wheels was on display 12th

to 16th November, 2011 in Balasoreand Jajpur districts of Odisha. About15578 school children and generalpublic from 22 schools visited theexhibition.

– RMNH Bhopal: Regional Museum ofNatural History, Bhopal inaugurated atemporary exhibition on ‘Extinct andThreatened Animal of India’ on Oct. 1,2011 coinciding the Wildlife Week. Inthis exhibition there were 24 exhibitslike Lesser Florican, Bengal Florican,Rock Python, Reticulated Python, Magar,Gharial, Rhinoceros, Wild Ass, Pangolin,Mouse Deer, Sloth Bear, Nilgiri Tahr,Swamp Deer, Marble Cat, Red Panda,Clouded Leopard, Indian Cheetah, Bisonand Wild Buffalo depicted. This exhibitionwas kept opened for public upto 30th

October, 2011.RMNH, Bhopal operated an informationcenter and exhibited “Pangolin” atScience Fiesta held at Regional ScienceCenter, Bhopal during 10-11th November,2011.

– RMNH Mysore: A travelling exhibitionon “Biodiversity of Western Ghat” wasdeveloped as a part of InternationalYear of Biodiversity (2010) andinaugurated by Shri Jai Ram Ramesh,the Honourable Minister of State(independent charges ) for Environment

and Forests’, Govt. of India on 4th June2011 at Indian Institute of Wood Science& Technology, Bangalore.

Workshops/Conference/Seminars

– NMNH New Delhi: A three day workshop (9th to 11th August 2011) fortrainee teachers of DIET Daryaganj wasorganised in association with NCERT.Seminar on “Exhibit development onIntangible Natural Heritage” wasorganised in Jodhpur from 28th to 30th

September 2011 and Paper presentationwas given by ZSI, BSI and University ofJodhpurThe NMNH organised a “Festival ofMuseums & Intangible Natural Heritage”in Kalady from 22-27 June 2011.A two day workshop with trainee teachersof DIET Daryaganj was organised forplanning of new Biology kits for Primarylevel on 20th & 21st Oct. 2011. Thepurpose of the workshop was to explorethe conceptual ideas to developprototypes for new Biology Teaching kitsto teach Environment Science in schoolsat primary level.A two day National workshop onEnvironmental Education in Museumsand Formal Educational Institutions washeld on 18th and 19th February 2012 incollaboration with Department ofMuseology, Aligarh Muslim University,Aligarh.

Meeting of the Advisory Committee

– The 4th Meeting of the AdvisoryCommittee of the NMH under theChairmanship of Dr. C.R Babu, EmeritusProfessor was convened on 25th October2011.

Film Shows

– Regular film shows were arranged forvisitors in National Museum of NaturalHistory, New Delhi and its RMNH at

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Mysore, Bhopal and Bhubaneswar tosensitize and create awareness amonggeneral visitors on issues of nature andenvironment.

Collaborative Programmes

– NMNH New Delhi: NMNH incollaboration with Hindustan Timesorganized annual Inter-school essaywriting competition. The winners of thecompetition were taken to ArawaliBiodiversity Park, Delhi for Nature StudyTour.

– RMNH Bhopal: The InternationalBiodiversity programme was organizedby RMNH, Bhopal in collaboration withM. P. Biodiversity Board, Bhopal on 22May, 2011. Shri A. P. Dwivedi, FormerPCCF of Madhya Pradesh was the chiefguest and Shri Shyam Bohre, SocialActivist was special guest.

– Centre for Environment Education (CEE),Bhopal organized two days workshopfor NGO partners during 9-10th August2011 collaboration with RMNH, Bhopal.The theme of the workshop was“ P a r y a v a r a nMitra”.

– RMNH Bhopalorganized aprogramme on“Bats, Biodiversityand Part ofBiodiversity” for thestudent of class 9 –12 at PragyaSchool, Bhopal onOct. 18, 2011 anda programme on“Bear, Forests andBiodiversity” and“Elephant Etiquette”organized for thestudents of class 5th

– 8th on 20th

October, 2011.

– RMNH Bhubaneswar: OrganizingCommittee Meeting of OdishaEnvironment Congress-2011 was heldfrom 22nd to 24th December-11 on thefocal theme “Forest Resources of Odisha-Issues, Challenges and Potentials washeld on 13th July & 30th October, 2011.-under the chairmanship of Shri VinodKumar, IFS, PD, OFSDP. This congress isjointly organized by RMNH, Centre forEnvironment and Development, HumanDevelopment Foundation and Dept. ofForest and Environment, Govt. of Odisha.

Earth Day

– On the occasion of Earth Day a NationalLevel “Poster design competition” wasconducted in NMNH New Delhi and itsRMNH in Mysore, Bhopal, Bhubaneswarand Sawai Madhopur on 22nd April2011 for the students of class IX & X toselect the candidate for the YoungEnvironmentalist of the Year Award-2011". The theme of the contest was“Forests: Nature at your service”.

Fig-62. Summer programme participants at cactus garden in RPRC

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World Environment Day

– NMNH, New Delhi World EnvironmentDay and the 33rd Anniversary of theNMNH Foundation Day were observedon 05 June, 2011. The function wasorganized at the Ashok Hotel, NewDelhi. Shri Jai Ram Ramesh, Hon’bleMinister, MOEF, was the Chief Guest atthe function. Ms Rashmi Bathom a studentof class Xth from Komal HigherSecondary School Bhopal was decoratedby the Shri Jairam Ramesh, Hon’bleMinister, MOEF as the YoungEnvironmentalist of the year 2011.Thefunction was a great success.

– RMNH Bhubaneswar: On the occasionof Valedictory function of Summerprogrammes on 5th June, 2011, prizesand certificates were distributed to theparticipants of Green Teens, Green Cubsand YEYA Poster making competition.

– RMNH Mysore: Invocation by theparticipants of summer vacationprogramme 2011, Lecture on“importance of environment andmedicinal plants in our daily life”.Dr.Javeed Nayeem, Chief Guest, releasedthe Flyers prepared for Earth Day andEnvironment Day followed by his talk onthe conservation of environment. Prizesdistributed to the winners of SVP-2011and YEYA 2011

– RMNH Bhopal- Regional Museum ofNatural History (RMNH), Bhopalorganized World Environment Day -June 5, 2011. Shri S. S. Rajput, CCF,Bhopal Circle, Govt.of Madhya Pradeshwas the Chief Guest. The Participants ofposter making competition and summervacation programmes attended thesession along with their parents. TheChief Guest, Shri S. S. Rajput distributedthe prizes and certificates to the winnersof poster making competition andparticipants of summer vacationprogrammes.

– RMNH Sawai Madhopur- Prizedistribution Function was held on 5th

June, 2011 for the programme calledNational Science Day (Written Quiz),Poster Design Contest & Competitionsheld during Summer Programme.

Van Mahotsava 2011

– NMNH New Delhi: Van Mahotsava2011- A special programme(“Importance of plants” in the network ofNature through the exhibits ofphotosynthesis, food chain, Man &Nature, Two faces of forest, etc.) wasorganised for the under privilege childrenof Khusi Centre for Rehabilitation &Research (NGO) also an outreachprogramme “make birds and animalshape out of clay” for speciallychallenged children of Anchal NDMCSchool for Mentally Retarded andHearing Impaired was organised.

– RMNH Bhubaneswar- The museumcelebrated Van Mahotsav on 7th July,2011 through planting of sapling of 50different species in the campus.

International Ozone Day

– NMNH New Delhi: On 16th September2011 on the occasion of “InternationalDay for the Preservation of Ozone Layeran On-the-Spot” Nature Painting Contest”was organised for the school studentsfrom classes (IX to XII) on the theme: “Forthe life on Earth-Protect the Ozone Layerand Prevent Climate Change”. Theteachers accompanying the students weretaken around the Museum galleries andshown the nature and wildlife relatedfilm in the museum auditorium.

– RMNH Mysore- Power point presentationon Ozone, Film Show on Environment,Painting Competition & Lecture wasconducted in Srirangapatnam instead ofMuseum premises and got good responsefrom the school students and local public.

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– R M N HBhubaneswar: Aquiz competitionwas organized forthe student of classVIII to X to mark thecelebration of 17th

International Dayfor Preservation ofOzone Layer-2011on 16th September2011. The quizconsisted of widevariety of questionsto generateawareness aboutthe importance ofpreservation ofozone layer.

– RMNH SawaiMadhopur: Poster Design contest washeld on the occasion of InternationalDay for the preservation of Ozone Layeron 16th September, 2011 for the Studentsof IX and X Class.

Wildlife Week

– NMNH New Delhi: An outreachprogramme for under-privileged childrenin the age group 8-14 years wasorganised on the occasion of Wild LifeWeek on 7th & 8th October 2011. Thepurpose of the programme was to bringawareness among children about wildlifein India and help them understand basicconcepts of Environment and Biodiversitythrough visits to Museum galleries andDelhi Zoo.

– RMNH Mysore: Painting competition onwildlife, Film shows on Environment,Ecology and Wildlife Programmeorganised for rural Higher Primary Schoolstudents of Chinakuruli Govt. Girls HighSchool on 1st Oct, 2011 and on 3rd

Oct., 2011 at Panadavapura, ModelHigher Primary School, PU College

premises during “Wildlife Week”.– RMNH Sawai Madhopur: Different

Activities such as Painting Class,Modelling / Sculpture Class andDocumentary Films on Environment wereshown to students/Public during the“Wildlife Week”.

– Winter Programme: NMNH organisedWinter Nature Camps for Children during1st January to 15th January 2012 invarious venues (New Delhi, Mysore,Bhopal, Bhubaneswar and SawaiMadhopur).

Special Programme for SpeciallyChallenged Children

– NMNH New Delhi: Essay writing inBraille, declamation contest for visuallychallenged students were organized inthe month of January 2012. A weeklong programme for SpeciallyChallenged Children includes naturepainting competition for hearingimpaired, clay modelling for physicallychallenged and collage painting andanimal – bird mask making for mentally

Fig-63. Outreach programme

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challenged organised in the month ofFebruary 2012.To commemorate “International Day forDisabled” (3rd December) an outreachprogramme for specially challengedchildren were conducted at HandicappedWelfare Federation and Institute for theBlind, New Delhi.To mark “World Wetland Day” anoutreach programme organised on 2nd

Feb. 2012 for specially challengedchildren. They were taken to NationalZoological Park, New Delhi to watch themigratory birds.

– RMNH Mysore: Painting Competition,Singing Competition, ModellingCompetition, and Museum Visit for 10days, Prize Distribution Functionorganised during the month February2012.Special Nature Camp for children withhearing impaired was organised from4th to 7th June, 2011 at BannergahttaNational Park, Bangalore.

– RMNH, Bhopal: Celebration of 14th

Anniversary programme on 29th

September, 2011. Dr. Pramod K. Rai,Retd. Professor was the Chief Guest ofthe programme. Two plants ofendangered Cycas circinalis wereplanted in the Dinosour Park by theChief Guest. General visitors, inviteesand all members of staff were presentduring the programme. News coveragewas covered by print and electronicmedia.

– RMNH Bhubaneswar: Celebrationof 7th Anniversary day: The museumcelebrated its 7th Anniversary on 10th

August, 2011. Shri J.K. Tiwari, IFS,Chief Conservator of Forests, MoEF,Eastern Regional Office, Bhubaneswarwas the Chief Guest. Dr. Chitta RanjanMishra, Sr. Scientist, Author and SciencePopularizer and Dr. Palok Aich,

Chairperson, School of BiologicalSciences, NISER, Bhubaneswar werethe Guests of Honour. As part of the 7th

Anniversary programme, the museumconducted painting competition in threegroups for the students of Class-I-X.Similarly written quiz competition wasalso conducted on the same day Winnerswere awarded prizes and certificatesduring the 7th anniversary function.

Reserve collection enrichment

– RMNH Bhubaneswar- Skeletons of threenos. of dead Emu bird were collectedfrom the local Emu farm situated atBalianta, Bhubaneswar and underprocess for further preservation anddisplay. Wet preservation of 3 deadGolden Fish from in-house aquarium.Some fish species collected from fluorideaffected areas of Nayagarh district wereidentified and preserved.

Inauguration of North EastBiodiversity Gallery

– RMNH, Bhubaneswar-The Hon’ble ChiefMinister of Odisha, Shri Naveen Patnaikinaugurated a new gallery on NorthEast Biodiversity in the Regional Museumof Natural History, Bhubaneswar on 1st

June, 2011 in the presence of ShriJairam Ramesh, Hon’ble Minister of State(Independent Charge) for Environmentand Forests, Govt. of India, Shri DebiPrasad Mishra, Hon’ble Minister, Forestand Environment, Government of Odisha,Prof. P. Mohanty Hejamdi, Chairperson,Advisory Planning Committee, RegionalMuseum of Natural History,Bhubaneswar, Dr. G.V. Subrahmanyam,Advisor in the MoEF and Dr. B.Venugopal, Director, NMNH, New Delhi.During the occasion, museum brochuresand brochures on North East Biodiversitygallery (Oriya and English) werereleased.

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Skeleton display of baleen Whale

The 47 ft. Long skeleton of baleen whalecollected from Gopalpur on sea wasprocessed and preserved. The articulation ofthe skull, vertebrae, ribs and all other bonesis being completed and the showcase for thedisplay is completed.

Summer Vacation Programmes

– NMNH New Delhi- The summer vacationprogramme was organised from 18th

May to 31st May 2011 for the studentof class VII to X (green teens) and for thestudent of class Vth to VII (green cubs)in which 60 student from all over Delhi& NCR participated. The programmeincluded Lectures, Slide/CD presentationon our Natural Heritage, working withmicroscope, talk on Forest-Nature atyour service, Nature Quiz, andinteractive writing session on nature andenvironment, talk/slide presentation onWonders of Ocean, visit of AravalliBiodervisity Park, art out of clay onpotter’s wheel, preparation of naturemagazine and nature study tour toBotanical Garden Noida etc.

– RMNH Mysore- Green teens organisedfor the class 8-10 students from 2nd to

12th May 2010. Summer programmeGreen Cubs organised for the class 5-7 students from 18th to 30th May 2010.

– RMNH Bhopal- RMNH, Bhopalorganized a summer vacationprogrammes” Green Teens” and “GreenCubs” from 18th May to June 5th, 2010.

– RMNH Bhubaneswar- The SummerVacation Programme was held from 11th

May to 20th May 2010 for two groupsi.e. Green Teens (Std. VIII-X) & GreenCubs (Std. V-VII). The programmeincluded orientation to the museumfacilities and programmes along withthought provoking and hands on activitiesin the museum and outside the museumwith field visits to sanctuaries, parks,gardens and laboratories accompaniedby expert interactions anddemonstrations.

– RMNH Swai Madhopur-Summer vacationprogramme of Green Teens of Class (8th

-10th ) and Green cubs of Class (5th-7th)were organised from 1th to 16th May2010.The participants were taken toRanthambore National Park for study ofnature and wild life.

Forestry Education, Training andExtension

The present system of forestryeducation and training is tailoredto produce skilled forest managersto manage, protect and conservethe forests in consonance withNational Forest Policy, 1988,forestry action programmes etc.The activities related to forestryeducation, training and extensionare performed by the differentinstitute of the Ministry like IndiraGandhi National Forest Academy(IGNFA), Dehradun; Directorateof Forest Educat ion (DFE),Dehradun; ICFRE, Dehradun; IIFM,Bhopal; IPIRTI, Bengaluru.Fig-64. Nature Study Programme

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Progress of activities undertaken byvarious institutes

Indira Gandhi National ForestAcademy (IGNFA), Dehradun

Indira Gandhi National Forest Academyis the training centre of IFS Officers. Theinstitution undertakes training of new recruitsto the Indian Forest Service which is spreadover a period of 20 months. Besides this,the institution also undertakes training of IFSOfficers at various years of seniority andalso of other Stakeholders. The Academy isa part of FRI campus in Dehradun. Thisinstitution earlier functioned as Indian ForestCollege from 1938-1987. In 1987, whenthe Indian Council of Forestry Research andEducation (ICFRE) was established as anautonomous institution, the Indian ForestCollege was named as Indira GandhiNational Forest Academy (IGNFA) inrecognition of contribution of the late PrimeMinister to the forestry sector in the country.The IGNFA functions as an institution directlyunder the control of Ministry of Environmentand Forests.

Activities during the year

Mid-Career Training Programme

– Started in the year 2009-10, theAcademy this year has conducted Mid-Career Training Programmes. While onePhase-III programme for Officers of 7-9years’ of service was completed andone Phase-V programme whichcommenced in March, 2011 concludedthis year. Two more Phase-V programmesand one Phase-IV programme wasconducted this year.

– Both the batches i.e., 2009-11 and2010-12 Courses underwent IndianMilitary Academy attachment forWeapons’ Training, Horse-riding andSwimming.

The Convocation of 2009-11 batch

– The 2009-11 batch of Indian ForestService Officers passed out in Aug.2010. The Convocation Ceremony washeld on 17h Aug. 2011, in ConvocationHall of FRI building. The Chief Guest forthe function was the Secretary, Ministry

of Environment andForests and Director-General of Forestsand SpecialSecretary to theGovernment of IndiaPresided over thefunction. As done lastyear, this year awardof ‘Hari SinghFellows’ was givento five shortlistedProbationers forpursuing specializa-tion in wildlife/Tree-breeding andGenetics and RemoteSensing and GIS.

Fig-65. IFS trainees of 2011-12 during the Parliamentary Appreciation Course

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Coordination Training Programmes

– During the current year, IGNFA undertookthree coordination training programmesfor the three All India Service Officers.The four days’ training programmes forIAS, IPS and IFS Officers included oneday field visit to Rajaji National Park.These training programmes were wellreceived.

2010-11 of IFS trainees

– Two members of this batch resigned tojoin other services. The batch size iscurrently 74. The Probationers, apartmentundergoing regular training in theAcademy, undertook Hill Tour, WestIndia Tour, Sourth India Tour andParliamentary appreciation Course.During the Parliamentary appreciationCourse, they called Her Excellency, thePresident of India and some photographsare enclosed. They would be undertakingEast and West India Tours and WorkingPlan Exercise.

Induction Training

– Induction training of forest officersinducted into the Indian Forest Serviceby promotion from State Forest Serviceis scheduled to begin from 26th ofDecember, 2011.

Reunion of Old batches

– One reunion workshop for the forestofficers 1981 was held in the Academyin June 2011. In this workshop, the‘Green India Mission’ was discussedand the Probationers interacted andbenefitted from the experiences of seniorofficers.

Training of members of HigherJudiciary and Indian Revenue ServiceOfficers

– A three day sensitization course membersof higher judiciary was held in the monthof November-December, 2011 in which

24 members from various parts of theCountry participated. The training waswell received. One four day orientationcourse for Indian Revenue ServiceOfficers is scheduled to be held in themonth of March,2012.

New Batch of 2011-13 Course

– 58 Probationers of Indian Forest Servicejoined the three Academies viz.,Academy of Administration, Bhopal,Dr.Marri Chenna Reddy Institute,Hyderabad and National Academy ofDirect Taxes for Foundation Course asper the orders of Department ofPersonnel and Training. Offers ofappointment has been issued to twomore candidates to join directly theProfessional Course in this Academy.This batch would undergo Indian MilitaryAttachment for Horse-riding, WeaponsTraining and Swimming and would alsoundergo Introductory Tour.

Directorate of Forest Education(DFE), DehradunIntroduction

The Directorate of Forest Education (DFE)under the Ministry is responsible for impartingprofessional/technical training/education inthe Country to the State Forest Service(SFS)Officers and Forest Range Officers(FROs).The Directorate also supplements the effortsof various States for the training and capacitybuilding of the Forest Frontline Staff (DeputyRangers, Foresters and Forest Guards) throughthe respective Forest Training Institutes. Thereare three Academies and One College underthe Directorate and the names and intakecapacity (Per batch) of these colleges is asunder :

– Central Academy for State Forest Service,Dehradun 40

– Central Academy for State Forest Service,Coimbatore 40

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– Central Academy for State Forest Service,Burnihat 40

– Eastern Forest Rangers College, Kurseong30

Objectives

– To cater to the training needs of SFSOfficers and FROs of States/ UnionTerritories in the country.

– To ensure standard and quality of trainingbeing imparted to SFS Officers and FROs.

– To develop appropriate and relevanttraining contents and evaluationstandards for forestry training at variouslevels.

– To suggest training policy for effectiveHuman Resource Management andDevelopment.

– To supplement the efforts of StateGovernments in the training of ForestFrontline Staff (Forest Guards, Forestersand Deputy Rangers)

Activities undertaken/ achievementsduring the year

– Induction training in the form of “Twoyear Diploma Course” for the newlyrecruited SFS Officers of various States/Union Territories has been undertaken.One batch (course 2010-12) & Twobatches (course 2011-13) of newlyrecruited SFS Officers are undergoingtraining at Central Academy for StateForest Service (CASFOS), Dehradun andCoimbatore and one course 2012-14SFS will commence from 5th January,2012.

– Two batches (Course 2009-2011) ofnewly recruited SFS officers passed outfrom CASFOS, Dehradun and CASFOS,Coimbatore.

– Induction training in the form of “Eighteenmonths certificate course” for the newlyrecruited FROs of various states/UnionTerritories has been undertaken. One

batch (course 2010-12) and one batch(course,2011-13) are undergoingtraining at CASFOS, Burnihat.

– Two batches of newly recruited FROs(Course 2010-11) passed out fromCASFOS, Burnihat & CASFOSCoimbatore.

– Four General Refresher courses, each oftwo weeks duration, were conducted forin-service SFS Officers at CASFOS,Dehradun ,Burnihat and Coimbatore.

– One General Refresher Courses, each oftwo weeks duration, was conducted forin-service FROs at Eastern Forest RangersCollege, Kurseong.

– Two Computer Application courses inForestry, each of two weeks duration,were conducted for in-service SFSOfficers/FROs at CASFOS, Burnihat andEastern Forest Rangers College (EFRC),Kurseong.

– Eight Workshops, each of one weekduration, on Wildlife Management /Community Forestry and JFM/Trainingof Trainers/Legal issues in Forestry andWildlife/Wildlife Management/ HumanResource Management/WildlifeManagement and Policy & Legal Issuesfor in-service SFS Officers/FROs atCASFOS, Dehradun/Coimbatore andEFRC, Kurseong.

– One theme based course in Wildlifemanagement of two weeks duration forin-service FROs was conducted at EasternForest Rangers College,Kurseong.

– Seventy three General Refresher Courses,each of two weeks duration, wereconducted for in-service Forest FrontlineStaff (Deputy Rangers, Foresters & ForestGuards) through 49 Forestry TrainingInstitutions of 29 states.

– Two Theme based workshop of oneweek duration was conducted for in-

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service FROs through State Forest TrainingInstitute.

– One “Two week Training on CombatingDesertification and Climate Change” forIndia Africa Forum Sponsored by Ministryof External Affairs ,Government of India,New Delhi conducted at CASFOS,Dehradun.

Training of IFS Officers

The thrust of this scheme is on capacitybuilding of the Indian Forest Service Officersthrough organizing mid-career short-termrefresher courses. During the year, the Ministrysponsored 27 one-week courses in the premiertraining/management institutions in the countyon a wide range of disciplines includingmanagement and administration of forests,wildlife, environment and generaladministration in the government. The topicsare:-

1. Joint Forest Management: Challengesand Opportunities

2. Application of Remote Sensing and GISin Forestry

3. Environmental Economics and Accounting4. Application of Remote Sensing, GIS in

Effective Forest Planning andManagement

5. Development of Clean DevelopmentMechanism Projects under Land Use,Land Use Change and Forestry: Theoryand Practice and their Relevance toForestry Sector

6. Forest Genetic Resource Management7. New Tool and Techniques for Preparation

of Working Plan for Integrated Forest &Biodiversity Management and itsImplementation.

8. Forest and Climate Change:Opportunities and Challenges ofAdaptation and Mitigation

9. Collection, Compilation, Validation andDissemination of Forests Statistics

10. Ecotourism: Assessment and Development11. Financial Management & Audit

Sensitization12. Increasing Productivity of Wood and

Non-Timber Forest Produce (NTFPs) usingModern Technical Inputs.

13. Forest Tribal Interface14. Natural Resource Management and

Conflict Resolution15. Forest Certification: A Marketing Tool for

Sustainable Forest Management16. Human Wildlife Conflict: Issues and

Mitigation17. Bamboo Resource Development for

Addressing Livelihood Concerns ofCommunities

18. Integrated Approach for SustainableDevelopment of Fragile Desert Ecosystem

19. Holistic Approach for ParticipatoryMonitoring of Joint Forest Management

20. Impact of Various Treaties, Conventionsand International Institutions onConservation and Management of Forests

21. Environmental Impact Indicators andValuation Techniques

22. Wildlife Offences: Role of IntelligenceGathering and Wildlife Forensics

23. Conservation and Development ofMedicinal Plants and Benefit Sharingwith Local Communities

24. Microcredit and MicroenterpriseManagement in Forestry

25. Community Mobilization and InstitutionBuilding

26. Good Governance27. Ecotourism vis-a-vis Conservation of

Forests– Besides this, two IFS officers have been

sponsored to pursue long-term coursesoffered by the Indian Institute of PublicAdministration (IIPA), New Delhi andNational Defence College (NDC), NewDelhi.

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– During the year, the Ministry sponsored7 two-day workshops on emerging topicsin the field of forests, wildlife andenvironment conservation havingregional, national and internationalimportance. The training workshops/seminars are sponsored in the premierinstitutions/organizations dependingupon their expertise and strengths in aparticular field/ discipline.

– Participation in the training courses/training workshop has been satisfactory.

– The Budget allocation during 2010-11of this scheme was Rs. 2.00 crore(Plan).

Capacity Developmental ForestManagement and Training ofPersonnel

This is an externally aided componentaimed at improving training of frontlineforestry force. This component will be in aproject mode with financial support fromJICA. The cost of the component is Rs.225.00 crore for a period of five years. Theloan component is of Rs. 206.00 crores andthe rest is Central Plan component. TheProject implemented in eleven States namelyAssam, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar,Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Kerala, MadhyaPradesh, Maharashtra, Mizoram Uttrakhand,and West Bengal. The states have beenselected based on certain criteria, includingnon-existence of any external aided projectin the forestry sector in the concerned stateand paucity of training infrastructure, duringthe project development stage.

For implementing this component thereis a Steering Committee and a CentralProject Monitoring Unit (CPMU) in the Ministryand a State Project Monitoring Unit (SPMU),one in each implementing State. The centralPMU releases/reimburses funds toimplementing States for their Annual Plans ofOperation. The CPMU will utilize funds foractivities such as Master trainings,

consultancies and monitoring, etc. Theproposal has two major objectives:

– To strengthen infrastructure of the forestrytraining schools of SFDs by:– Improving existing State Forest

Training Schools (SFTS)– Establishing new training Schools in

those States that do not have one.– To strengthen training of frontline forestry

personnel through:– Syllabus revision.– Building up a pool of Master

Trainers/Trainers.– Training of frontline forest force in

the StatesTraining of Personnel of other services

Personnel of Police, Revenue, Customs,Agriculture, Horticulture, Soil Conservation,Animal Husbandry, Tribal/Rural Development,Judiciary, Public Health Engineering etc.,have an interface with forestry sector.Sensitization of these departments through in-service training of their personnel will becovered under this component. It is proposedto organize awareness programmes in theform of short-term trainings, study tours,seminars and workshops in the institutionsunder the government as well as in theprivate sector.

During the current financial year, tencourses to be organized for one-week, fourdays & three days at IGNFA-Dehradun andIIFM-Bhopal. The allocation during the currentfinancial year is Rs. 1.00 crore (Plan).

Training of other Stakeholders

Forest Management in India is in atransitory stage moving from traditionallycentralized forest management toparticipatory forest management. In traditionalsystem of control, regulations and policingthe forests have alienated people fromdeveloping a sense of belonging to theforests. There is a need to sensitize all

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stakeholders for conservation of these naturalresources. As such, under this component, itis proposed to organize/sponsor a numberof specially designed short-term courses,study tours, workshops and seminars onvarious aspects of forest and environmentalconservation for different stakeholders whichmay include NGOs, students in educationalinstitutions, nature clubs/eco-clubs,panchayats, elected public representatives,personnel from banking institutions, socialactivists, press and media persons etc.

During the current financial year, sevencourses to be organized for four days & threedays at IIFM-Bhopal. The allocation duringthe current financial year is Rs. 0.50 crore(Plan).

Foreign Training of Forestry Personnel

Apart from the concurrent core forestsissues, the present-day foresters have to dealwith non-technical issues e.g. inter-sectoralpolicy and programme linkage. Also, theforestry personnel need to keep themselvesabreast of the technological advances in thefast changing world to address the changingrequirements of the developing societies aswell as the various global, regional nationaland local environmental concerns. Presentlythere is no scheme for providing opportunitiesto forest officers, working in the States andunder the CSS and non CSS posts of MoEFand the autonomous institutions of the MoEF,for undergoing courses/participating in studytours/workshops in foreign institutionsorganizations. This component, for foreigntraining of IFS, SFS and Range Forest Officersfor providing opportunities to them toparticipate in international seminars,workshops and study tours on emergingissues and challenges in forestry sector, istherefore proposed.

During the current financial year, threeofficers have been nominated to attend. Theallocation during the current financial year isRs. 1.00 crore (Plan).

Indian Institute of ForestManagement (IIFM), BhopalBrief Objectives

The Institute, as a sectoral managementinstitute, imparts education in forestmanagement, which is a judicious mixture offorestry, social, and management science.The Institute constantly endeavours to keep intouch with the problems of people, especiallythe forest dwellers and undertakes need-based research. The Institute tries to serve asa reservoir of knowledge in the area of forestmanagement and ensures proper integrationof external and indigenous knowledge suitableto Indian context.

Post Graduate Diploma in ForestManagement (PGDFM)

The two year fully residential postgraduate programme leading to the awardof the Post Graduate Diploma in ForestryManagement (PGDFM) was launched in July1988. Students with diverse academicbackgrounds from all over the country aregroomed to meet the managerial requirementsof the corporate and development sectors.The structure of the programme has beendesigned to ensure that the skills acquiredare put in application during the course itself.The programme is designed to produceyoung managers who are sensitive to bothnatural and social environment.

The students who have successfullycompleted the programme are awarded the‘Post Graduate Diploma in ForestryManagement’ at the annual convocation inApril every year. The PGDFM is recognisedby All India Council for Technical Education(AICTE) and equated to a correspondingMasters Degree of Indian University byAssociation of Indian Universities (AIU).

The admission to this course is throughCAT (Common Admissions Test) beingconducted by IIMs followed by GroupDiscussion and Personal Interview (GD & PI)

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at IIFM. The candidates opting for a careerin IIFM apply separately.

To address changing needs of the sector,the PGDFM programme was made broadbased by introducing three majorspecialisation modules, viz., Conservation &Livelihood (C&L), Environmental Management(EM) and Development Management (DM).

The programme of PGDFM 2010-12commenced from July 01, 2010 with 93students selected out of 3255 applicants.Among these 93 selected students, 45come under General Category; 14 belongto SC category; 07 belong to ST Category;25 belong to OBC (Non-creamy) and rest02 were admitted under PWD quota. Thebatch consisted of 13 female students. Thestudents came from almost all the parts ofthe country. Following the general trend inthe management education, in this batchalso the engineers was the dominant group,consisting almost 57% of the total strength.This was followed by the graduate studentsof Science stream (22%), Commerce (9%),Arts (4%), Hotel/Food Technology (2%),Computer Applications (2%), Pharma (2%),Fashion Technology (1%) and Prosthetics(1%). The profile of the students reveals thatthey exhibit varied range of extracurricularinterest and talent.

The admission announcement for 2011-13 batch was published in leading nationaldailies in August 2010. A total number of1804 applications were received with CATregistration number. The CAT score wasreceived from IIM for 1799 CAT appearedcandidates.

Continuing IIFM’s impeccable trackrecord, the batch of PGDFM 2009-11 alsoachieved 100% placement. With participationof 67 companies in the placement processand making 175 job offers, 41 companieswere invited for campus placement for thebatch of 69 students. The 70 students of

PGDFM 2009-11 completed their summerinternship during April 05 – June 11, 2010.The PGDFM 2010-12 batch received 152summer internship offers from 55organisations. The process for admissions tothe PGDFM 2011-13 batch was initiatedwith announcement of the CAT examinationin August 2010.

The PGDFM 2009-2011 programmewas completed in March 2011. Sixty sevenstudents completed the requirements for awardof PGDFM diplomas. Another 88 Students ofPGDFM 2010-2012 batch appeared fortheir end-term examination of Term-III held inMarch 2011.

On the recommendation of the facultycouncil, the Board of Governors (BoG) inits meeting held on March 29, 2010approved the conferment of diplomas to 55students of PGDFM 2008-2010 batch, 61students of PGDFM 2007-2009 batch and20 students of MRM 2007-2008 batch.The Board of Governors on therecommendation of the Faculty Councilalso approved the award of Chairman’sGold and Silver Medals to the eligiblestudents for their scholastic performance inthe respective batches.

M.Phil (Natural ResourceManagement)

As per the decision of BoG, the processfor initiating the M.Phil. (Natural ResourceManagement) programme was taken by theInstitute to start the programme from theacademic year 2011-12. It is envisaged thatthe programme will have the intake of 20candidates with 10 candidates from in-service and 10 seats for non-servicecandidates.

The programme will comprise of twoterms of class room teaching, one field studytour in the country, one foreign study tour andthe dissertation work.

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Fellow Programme in Management(FPM)

The Institute initiated its doctoral levelFellow Programme in Management (FPM)2011-15 during the academic year 2010-11. The FPM offers financial assistance andcontingency grants to selected non-sponsoredcandidates. The programme is open topostgraduates from various disciplines and isdesigned to provide specialised knowledge,skills, and attitudes for positions requiringconceptual and application skills. The FPMprogramme aims to develop and equipstudents for career opportunities inmanagement education and research.

The programme was widely advertisedin national print media and the institutereceived 86 applications as on the last dateof submission of applications, i.e. March 31,2011.

Ph.D. Programme

The Institute functions as one of theresearch centers of the FRI Deemed Universityfor higher studies leading to Doctor ofPhilosophy.

Training

The Institute has been organizing short-term training courses, seminars and workshopsto transfer technical and managerial skillsbeing generated by faculty areas of theinstitute. The focus of these programmes is onevolving, analyzing and synthesizing variousmanagement techniques/ tools, ideas andconcepts relevant to the forestry and alliedsector. During the year the institute conducted33 Management Development Programmes,organised 23 workshops/seminars whichinclude programmes conducted underexternally funded projects like ICCF, ITTOand RCNAEB.

Consultancy

The Institute completed two consultancyassignments and eight more are in progress.

Some of the client organizations forconsultancy assignments include HaryanaForest Department; Tribal Welfare Department,Govt. of M.P.; M.P. State EmploymentGuarantee Council, Department of Panchayatand Rural Development, Govt. of M.P.; M.P.Forest Department; Department of SC/STWelfare, Govt. of M.P.; Birla CorporationLimited, Satna; Environmental Planning andCoordination Organisation (EPCO), Bhopal;Andaman & Nicobar Forest Department,Haddo, Port Blair; Himachal Pradesh ForestDepartment, Shimla; Khadi and VillageIndustries Commission, Mumbai, etc.

Publications

The Institute continues to disseminate itsresearch findings to the larger audiencethrough its own publications and also bypublication of research papers in reputedjournals, books and also by presentation ofpapers in national and internationalconferences. The faculty also participatedand presented research papers in nationaland international conferences.

Other Activities

The year 2010-2011 was marked bysignificant progress in different areas ofacademic activities. The Students Council ofIIFM has also been very active during thisyear and organized number of academic aswell as extra-curricular events.

Indian Plywood Industries Researchand Training Institute (IPIRTI),Bengaluru

Training is an important tool to facilitatethe industries for efficient utilization of manpower resources, increase the productivityand reduce the overall cost of production.HRD needs of the mechanical wood industriesare met by the Institute by conducting oneyear post graduate diploma course and shortterm vocational courses. Training enhancesthe professional competency of managers,supervisory staff and industrial workers. IPIRTI

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is the only training institute of its kind in thecounty in the field of mechanical woodindustries.

Progress/Achievements made duringthe year

Energy Auditing and Carbon Footingin Manufacture of Bamboo MatCorrugated Sheet (BMCS) and BambooMat Ridge Cap (BMRC)

One of the major component in housingis the roof. IPIRTI had evolved technology forthe manufacture of Bamboo Mat CorrugatedSheets(BMCS) & Bamboo Mat Ridge Cap(BMRC) and it was found that there was ahuge demand for these roofing materials.

Considering the green house gases effect,on the atmosphere which are the burningissues in today’s world, there was a need tocarry out energy auditing for BMCS &BMRC. The major contributing greenhousegas emission is that of carbon dioxide andwithin this report all green house gas unitsare states as measure of carbon dioxideequivalent.

A higher concentration of green housegases means more heat is being trapped withearth’s atmosphere raising the earth’s surfacetemperature which leads to global warming.Global Warming is widely described as thegreatest challenge in the history of humankind.

To adopt a planned approach for tacklingthe climate changes carbon foot print andEnergy Audit Study is very important. Thisreport has been designed to quantify themost significant carbon emission such that thereductions can be addressed in a strategicmanner.

The Net Carbon dioxide released duringthe production of BMCS & BMRC per ton isfound to be 1.308 tons and that of steelbeing 3.8 tons and for Aluminium and plasticis 1.5 tons and 3.0 tons respectively. The

carbon dioxide released during the productionof BMCS & BMRCS is found to be lesscompared to the other existing roofingmaterials.

The energy audits determined that thecombined total energy consumption was22784 MJ for the manufacture of one ton ofBMCS, while for Aluminium, Galvanized ironand fibre reinforced plastic corrugated sheetsenergy consumption is 32,541.7MJ 89,408MJ and 77,190MJ respectively which arevery high compared to BMCS & BMRC whilefor Asbestos roofing sheet the energyconsumption is 430 MJ which is very lesscompared to all the existing roofing materials.However during the processing of Asbestosroofing sheet the health hazards(carcinogenic) is higher and is being bannedin most of the countries.

The study reveals that the total energyrequirement for the manufacture of productionof Bamboo Mat Corrugated Sheet (BMCS)and Bamboo Mat Ridge cap (BMRC) is veryless compared to other conventional roofingmaterials. The measurement of carbonfootprint of BMCS and BMRC fromprocurement of raw material to finishedproducts indicates that there is net gain ofcarbon in the process resulting in substantialstoring of carbon. The emission offormaldehyde from the manufacturing unit isfound to range from 0.03 – 0.05 ppm whichcomplies to E1 emission level of Europeanstandards.

Study on the feasibility of themanufacture of medium density FibreBoard from Rice Straw.

With dwindling wood resources on onehand and increasing demand for the woodbased panel products on the other, attentionis gaining momentum on the utilization ofagro-residues and also recycling of woodwaste for manufacture of panel products.Unlike plywood, and Particle Board (PB),Medium Density Fibre Board (MDF) provide

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enough scope for the substitution of wood bynon-wood fibre resources. .

Forestry regulations, cost effective pulpand paper products, lumber and new woodbased bio energy applications will probablyresult in increased competition for woodbased raw materials. Alternative non woodraw materials will therefore be of highpriority.

Reported investigation of fibre boardproduction based on rice straw are lessfrequent and the rice straw materials areoften combined with other raw materials areused for the production of thermoplasticcomposites.

Most of the study on Production offiberboards has been performed by additionof methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI)resins finished fiberboards based on ricestraw and MDI resin showed excellentproperties w.r.t MOR & MOE. The resultsobtained were acceptable according to therequirements of medium-density fiberboard(MDF) for interior applications (AmericanNational Standards Institute, ANSI A208.2-2002).

Keeping this in view, IPIRTI carried outresearch on the development of MDF usingrice straw fibres under a project sponsoredby M/s Sarda Plywood Industries Ltd.,kolkota.In this study suitable adhesive formulationsbased on phenolics, amino and MDI hasbeen worked out . The adhesive compositionand the process parameters have beenoptimized to achieve the strength propertiesthat are comparable with wood fibre boards.

Since most of the research being carriedout on rice straw composites are evaluatedwith reference to American national standardthe present datas were also compared. It wasfound that all the properties confirm to therequirement of ANSI A 208.2-2002 withphenolic amino resin and MDI resin system.The results obtained were also compared

with IS 12406: Specification for MDF forgeneral purposes. The panels made with50% replacement of rice straw fibres withwood fibres with all the resin system and100% rice straw fibres with MDI resin confirmsto the requirement of MOR, MOE, thicknessswelling, water absorption after 24 hoursand screw holding strength properties as peris 12406

This research on the development ofMDF from rice straw fibres is to be the firstof its kind in the country.

Life Cycle Assessment of Wood andBamboo Composite Products

LCA for wood and bamboo compositeproducts for which very less durable rawmaterials are being used evaluatesenvironmental burdens associated with aproduct, process or activity by identifyingand quantifying energy and materials usedand wastes released to the environment: toassess the impact of those energy and materialuses and releases to the environment: and toidentify and evaluate opportunities to affectenvironmental improvements. Issuesassociated with designing, manufacturing,maintaining and disposing of systems whileadhering to environmental laws, budgetaryconstraints and minimizing risks areaddressed.

The energy audit and the measurementof carbon foot prints involved in the productionof plywood, bamboo mat corrugated sheet(BMCS) and bamboo mat ridge cap (BMRC)was carried out in a commercial unit. Thestudy reveals that the total energy requirementfor the production of plywood, bamboo matcorrugated sheet (BMCS) and bamboo matridge cap (BMRC) is very less compared toother conventional materials being used. Theemission of green house gases and effluentwere measured in the production unit andhas been found that the emission of gases iswell within the tolerance limits prescribed bythe pollution control board. The effluents

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collected during the production have indicatednegligible level of solids and the toxicchemicals.

Establishment of Modern FireResistance Door Testing Facility atIPIRTI, Bangalore

With the increasing building activitiesand stringent building regulations thebehaviour of building components fromvarious panel products or in combinationwith other materials against fire and toensure occupants safety is the need of thehour. With the recent regulations relating tobuildings in India, there is also a market forfire retardant wooden doors in housingapplications. There are huge opportunitiesfor developers and architects to add value totheir properties through these fire retardantdoors. Occupants of buildings will be themajor beneficiaries as it gives them additionalpeace of mind and protection from firewithout compromising the use of greenbuilding materials viz. wood and panelproducts. Keeping future requirements ofbuilding bye-laws in our country and tofacilitate testing of fire check doors, thefacility is being established at IPIRTI fortesting fire performance of full size door/shutters as per national/ internationalstandards such as BS 476 (part 20 and 22),IS 3614 (part 2), ISO 3008:2007 and BSEN 1634-1:2000 using latest technologiesand instrumentation comparable with best inthe world.

Fire doors are “rated” by time (in minutesor hours) that a door can withstand exposureto fire test conditions and the failure criteriais assessed by Integrity & Insulation. Hourlyratings include 2 hours, 1 ½ hours, 1 hourand, ½ hour with the maximum rating requiredof any swinging type fire door being threehours.

The salient features of the fire doortesting setup are:-

– Vertical front open furnace structure withrefractory bricks & ceramic wool blanketfor best heat insulation

– Computer programmable Automated LPGburners with computer controlled LPGflow

– Hot gas exhaust system with automateddumper system

– Pillar mounted I beam jib crane withelectric hoist

– Test frame to hold door under test withtrolley and roller skid

– Thermocouple assembly with goodmeasurement accuracy

– PC based multi-channel data logger, etc.– The system is equipped with fire-fighting

and safety equipment’s

Evaluation of Earthquake ResistantFeature of Bamboo Housing SystemUsing Shock Table

Recent earthquake devastated Japancausing unprecedented havoc, claiming livesand property on a scale hard to imagine.However, seismologists observe that fewdied in the Island nation due to buildingcollapses, given that the Japanese haveperfected the technology for quakeproofconstructions. It was the ensuing tsunami thatcost most lives.

India may not be prone to quakes of thesame intensity, but we have regions thatrequire quakeproof housing. The IndianPlywood Industries Research and TrainingInstitute (IPIRTI) has developed and tested abamboo-based house suited to disaster-proneareas.

The Bamboo based House built by theinstitute based on IPIRTI -TRADA Technologywas tested in the institute premises for theefficacy of the structure recently. Shri. JagadishVengala, Scientist & Head of the ProductsApplication Division, IPIRTI, Bangalore, testedthe Bamboo house by mounting it on a ‘shock

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table’ and delivering a series of base shocksthrough a simple pendulum device, the impactof which was comparable to earthquakes.

The Bamboo house resisted sevenrepetitions of a typical Zone 5 earthquake,the highest in India and equivalent to over7 on the Richter scale, showing no signs offalling apart, in contrast to a concrete structure.There were only a few cracks showing at theend of the most intensive of shocks.

The house has split bamboo grid andwire mesh, plastered with cement mortar forwalls with bamboo columns providing support.The ceiling is made of light bamboo matcorrugated sheets developed by IPIRTI,Bangalore.

Development of Bamboo ParticleBoard

Due to the increasing shortage ofindustrial wood and also associated policychanges in recent years, Bamboo is emergingas an important raw material alternative towood required for panel products. As a resultnumber of panel products have beendeveloped utilizing bamboo. In this studyinvestigations were carried out to manufactureparticle boards from bamboo. From the testresults of particle board made from bamboo,it is found that the bamboo is suitable for themanufacture of flat pressed three layeredGrade-2 (FPT-2) Particle boards and meetsthe requirements as prescribed in IS3087(2005) for Grade 2 Medium DensityParticle board.

The present research work was plannedwith a view to examine the efficacy of twonewer pesticides viz., Lufenuron andDiflubenzuron against powder post beetleand termite. This is the first report on the useof Lufenuron and Diflubenzuron in the glueline to control the wood borer and termite.Plywood samples were prepared using PhenolFormaldehyde (PF) resin mixed with Lufenuron

and Diflubenzuron at 0.01, 0.5, 1 & 2%concentration and tested for glue shearstrength in dry, wet and mycological state asper IS: 1734 part (4) 1983. The results werecompared with prescribed values of glueshear strength given in IS 710-1976. It wasfound that sample conforms the prescribedvalues of glue shear strength as per IS: 710(1976). The study was limited to lab scalefor testing the efficacy of chemical in glue lineand the bond quality / shear strength of theadhesive. From the results it has been foundthat Lufenuron and Diflubenzuron at 2% rateprovided excellent control of Lyctus africanusand subterranean termite.

Training

Training essentially is an integral part ofhuman life. In recent years, Human ResourcePlanning has assumed great significance inmanufacturing sector which includes woodbased panel industry.

The training centre in this Institute wasestablished by the Government of India withthe assistance of United Nations DevelopmentProgramme (UNDP) and Food and AgricultureOrganisation (FAO) of the United Nations inthe year 1988.

From then onwards the Institute is cateringto HRD needs of the wood based panelindustries through several trainingprogrammes. In this endeavour the Institutehas excellent infrastructural facilities forclassroom teaching, laboratory and factorysimulated facilities for “hands on” training inSawdoctoring, Saw milling, Plywood, Resinand Blockboard Manufacture, and Testing.Apart from lectures by experienced in-housespecialists and invited resource persons, audio-video sessions and laboratory practicals,emphasis is given to impart and improveskills through demonstration and floor levelworking.

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Post-graduate Diploma Course inWood and Panel Products Technology

The post graduate diploma course inWood and Panel Products Technology, theonly one of its kind in the country had beenwidely recognized by the industry and thetrainees passed out from the course are ingreat demand among the panel industry.

PGDC, an one year job oriented trainingcourse provides a unique opportunity tobasic science and engineering graduates fora career in one of the green industrialprocessing sectors viz., wood based industry.

During the year, 22nd batch for One yearPost-graduate Diploma Course in Wood andPanel Products Technology was conductedwherein 20 candidates completed the coursesuccessfully and 100% placement wasarranged through Campus selection process.The trainees of 22nd batch PGD course havebeen placed in all the leading Plywood andPanel Industries. Twenty third batch PGDCcourse commenced on October, 2011 with19 candidates.

Short Term Training CoursesConducted

– A short term training course on “ResinManufacturing” was conducted during04 – 11 April, 2011 at IPIRTI FieldStation, Kolkata.

– A short term training course on “Testingof Plywood, Block board and Flushdoor” was conducted during 11 – 14April, 2011 at IPIRTI Field Station,Kolkata.

– A short term training course on “PlywoodManufacturing Technology” wasconducted during 02 – 30 May, 2011at IPIRTI Field Station, Kolkata.

– A short term training course on “PlywoodManufacturing-I” (log storage, centering,peeling, clipping, drying, knife grinding)

was conducted during 11 – 15 July,2011 at IPIRTI, Bangalore.

– A short term training course on “Retentionof preservative” was conducted during18 – 22 July, 2011 at IPIRTI FieldStation, Kolkata.

– A short term training course on “PlywoodManufacturing-II” (Adhesives for plywoodand plywood manufacturing-resinpreparation, gluing, hot pressing) wasconducted during 25 – 29 July, 2011 atIPIRTI, Bangalore.

– A short term training course on “Testingof Plywood and Block board as perIS:303, IS:710, IS:1328, IS:4990 andIS:1659 was conducted during 23 – 26August, 2011 at IPIRTI, Bangalore.

– A short term training course on “PlywoodManufacturing Technology” wasconducted during 02 August, 2011 to07 September, 2011 at IPIRTI FieldStation, Kolkata.

– A short term training course on “Testingof fire retardant plywood” was conductedduring 21 – 22 September, 2011 atIPIRTI Centre, Mohali.

– A special training course on testing ofStructural Plywood was conducted during01- 04 Nov 2011.

– Training Course on “Veneer & ResinManufacture” was conducted from 5th

September, 2011 to 30th September,2011 for 10 candidates sponsored byM/s. Rai Plywood (K) Ltd, Kenya.

Wildlife Education and Training

Wildlife Institute of India (WII)

Wildlife education and training isprimarily looked after by Wildlife Institute ofIndia (WII), Dehradun; an autonomous instituteof the Ministry for imparting training togovernment and non-governmental personnelto carry out research and training activities

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and advice on matters of conservation andmanagement of wildlife resources. The detailsof educational and training programmesconducted by the Institute are as follows:

Academic and Training

Courses and Training Programmes

– XII M.Sc. (Wildlife Science) Course,June 2009 to July 2011. A total of 11candidates (nine Indians and two foreignnationals) joined the course. Besides,classroom teaching of IV semester, thestudents completed their field researchand dissertation projects in differentStates of the country during the reportingperiod. They also submitted theirdissertation report to the concernedsupervisors. After presentation ofdissertation work and Viva-Voce duringJuly 27-28, 2011, all the students havesuccessfully completed the course.

– XIII M.Sc. (Wildlife Science) Course,June 2011 to June 2013. A nationalentrance test was conducted in six citiesof the country for selection of M.Sc.students on March 27, 2011. A total of13 candidates (12 Indians and oneforeign national) joined the course afterPersonality and Aptitude Test duringMay 19-20, 2011. The students weretaken for their Orientation-cum-study Tourto Rajaji National Park during July 18-22, 2011. The Techniques Tour wasconducted at Panna Tiger Reserve,Madhya Pradesh during October 14-24, 2011.

– XXXII Advanced Post-GraduateDiploma Course in WildlifeManagement, September 1, 2010to June 30, 2011. The 10-month P.G.Diploma Course in Advanced WildlifeManagement commenced from 1stSeptember, 2010 at this Institute with20 officer trainees of the rank ofDeputy Conservator of Forests/Assistant

Conservator of Forests and equivalentlevels. During the period, theManagement Term Paper Exercise hasbeen completed by the officer trainees.The field work was conducted fromMarch 30 to April 9, 2011 inDachigam National Park, J&K;Velavadar National Park, Gujarat;Satpuda Tiger Reserve, MadhyaPradesh; Wayanad Wildlife Sancuary,Kerala; and Nameri Tiger Reserve,Assam. Management Plan Exercise wasconducted at Nagarhole Tiger Reservein Karnataka during May 1-31, 2011.All the 20 officer trainees havesuccessfully completed the Course.

– XXXIII Post Graduate Diploma inAdvanced Wildlife Management,September 1, 2011 to June 30, 2012.The XXXIII Post Graduate Diploma inAdvanced Wildlife Managementcommenced on September 1, 2011. Atotal of nine Officer Trainees from differentStates of the country joined the course.Two IFS Probationers joined directlyafter completing their training at IndiraGandhi National Forest Academy,Dehradun as ‘Hari Singh Fellows’. Theorientation tour took place duringSeptember 25-30, 2011 at Corbett TigerReserve. It familiarized the officer traineesto the Terai-bhabar landscape and issuesrelated to corridor management, people-park interface, relocation and masstourism.

– XXVII Certificate Course in WildlifeManagement, November 1, 2011 toJanuary 31, 2012. XXVII CertificateCourse in Wildlife Managementcommenced on November 1, 2011 forthree-month duration. A total of 16participants, 6 Indian and two eachfrom Malaysia, Vietnam and Bhutan,and four from Bangladesh joined thecourse. All the officer trainees havesuccessfully completed the course.

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– Training Programme for WildlifeProfessionals from Governmentof Bhutan, May 2-9, 2011. TwelveWildlife professionals from SaktengWildlife Sanctuary of NatureConservation Division, Government ofBhutan par ticipated in trainingprogramme on Wildlife Management ofHigh Altitude Protected Areas. Coursecomponent included biodiversity andconservation issues in Bhutan and EasternHimalaya, monitoring of wildlife andtheir habitats, forest vegetation and alpinerangeland monitoring, recent advancesin wildlife management in Himalaya,project snow leopard, human wildlifeconflicts and evaluation of effectivenessof management in Himalayan ProtectedAreas were delivered.

– Special Training Course forOfficers of Government ofBangladesh, Dehradun, June 1-25,2011. The special training course wasorganized by Wildlife Institute of Indiafor officers from Bangladesh. It wasfunded by Integrated Protected Area Co-Management Project (IPAC) ofGovernment of Bangladesh. A total offive participants from Departments ofForest, Environment and Fisheriesattended the program.

The first part of the course was conductedat the Institute during which interactiveclassroom sessions were held oncontemporary wildlife issues. Theparticipants were taken for a visit toForest Research Institute; Forest Surveyof India; Indira Gandhi National ForestAcademy; and Central Academy forState Forest Service to acquaint themwith the activities of the variousinstitutions engaged in training andresearch. During the second part of thecourse, the participants visited variousprotected areas and zoos in Orissa and

West Bengal to link theory with thepractice of wildlife management. Theyvisited Nandankanan Zoo, BalukhandKonark Sanctuary, Debi River mouth,Rushikulya Rookery, Chilika Lagoon,Alipore Zoo and Sunderbans TigerReserve.

– Special Training Course forOfficers of WWF-Pakistan,Dehradun, June 6-30, 2011. Thecourse for WWF-Pakistan Officers wasconducted at Wildlife Institute of India.A total of seven participants fromWWF-Pakistan and Department ofForest & Wildlife attended the program.The basic objective of the course wasto provide an exposure on currentscenario in wildlife and biodiversityconservation in India and facilitateunderstanding of various conservationapproaches and good wildl i femanagement practices. The first partof the course was conducted at theInstitute during which interactiveclassroom sessions were held oncontemporary wildlife issues. Theparticipants were taken for a visit toForest Research Institute; and ForestSurvey of India to acquaint themselveswith the activities of these institutions.They were also taken to AsanConservation Reserve and RajajiNational Park to show the goodpractices of participative wildlifemanagement, wetland managementetc. During the second part of thecourse, the participants visited variousprotected areas, zoos and rescuecentres in Uttarakhand, Delhi andRajasthan to link theory with thepractice of wildlife management. Theyalso visited Corbett Tiger Reserve,National Zoological Park, RanthamboreTiger Reserve and Jaipur Zoo & RescueCentre.

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– National Level TrainingProgramme on “BiodiversityConservation with a Focus onEcological Monitoring”, Dehradun,September 5-9, 2011. The NationalLevel Training Programme for Scientistsand Technologists sponsored byDepartment of Science and Technologywas conducted at Wildlife Institute ofIndia. The course had the followingobjectives: (i) to make fully awarescientists on principles/approaches inEcological Monitoring; (ii) to make themscientists aware of causes of decline innatural resources/habitats and species;(iii) to make them aware of good practicesin Ecological Monitoring; (iv) to establishlinkages and facilitate sharing ofinformation among scientists; (v) toreiterate their role in creation of baselineinformation and database management.

In all 22 participants from 16 differentorganizations participated in theprogramme. During the course theparticipants were exposed to casestudies, field monitoring methods andhands-on training in the lab withanalytical tools.

– One Week Compulsory TrainingCourse on “Human-WildlifeConflict: Issues and Mitigation”,Dehradun, December 12-16, 2011.This course was conducted at WildlifeInstitute of India, Dehra Dun as per theinstructions from the Ministry ofEnvironment & Forests, Govt. of India,New Delhi. The course was for the in-service IFS Officers from various Statesof the country. Overall the programmesensitized the officers about their role inHuman Wildlife Conflict. There was apanel discussion on the topic“Improvement in the working of ForestDepartments – Need for careerdevelopment through training and

improvement of skills”. The idea for suchpanel discussions was to havesuggestions for up-gradation of skills offoresters, adoption of modern techniquesand their applications in forestry activitiesand advancement of individual careerswith the ultimate aim of improving theworking of the State Forest Departmentfor efficient service delivery to the people.A total of 23 participants attended thiscourse.

– One Week Compulsory TrainingCourse on “Wildlife Offences: Roleof Intelligence Gathering andWildlife Forensics” for the IFSofficers, Dehradun, January 16-20,2012. The course conducted at theInstitute was sponsored by the Ministryof Environment and Forests, Governmentof India. This course was designed togive an overview of wildlife offencessituation in the country and existingmechanism and strategies to deal withthe problem. There were 20 IFS Officersfrom 11 States participated in the course.During the training programme, sessionswere planned to discuss the wildlifeCrime scenario, understand and interpretWildlife Protection Act, Custom Act,CITES and Cr. P.C. Role of agencies likeWildlife Crime Control Bureau, Customs,ITBP, BSF and Army involved in dealingwith illegal trade in wildlife articles andneed for intelligence gathering by theForest Department and local policeadministration was discussed.

The Wildlife crime Control Bureau, NewDelhi provided special inputs for thisprogramme. Field visit to Rajaji NationalPark was organized to understand theProtection Strategies: IntelligenceGathering, Anti-Poaching Strategies andRole of Wildlife Forensics in Dealingwith Wildlife Crime in the Park. Theparticipants could perceive the

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complexity of Wildlife Crime and theRole of Forensic Evidence for properEnforcement. They interacted with ParkManager to understand the key factorsthreatening the rich Biodiversity of thePark and what form of innovativestrategies are required to combat wildlifecrime.

– Attachment of Probationers ofIndian Revenue Service (Customs& Central Excise) Group - A 62nd

Batch with Wildlife Institute ofIndia, Dehradun, January 16-27,2012 and January 30 - February 10,2012. The training module basicallyaimed at sensitizing the young officersof Indian Revenue Service (Customs &Central Excise) towards wildlife trade inthe country and their role in checkingit. The course was attended by a largegroup of 167 officers attended in twogroups having varying educationalbackground. Various inputs includingintroduction on impor tance ofbiodiversity and its conservation, statusof endangered species includingflagship species like tiger and it’smonitoring, special inputs on illegaltrade in wildlife articles includingbutterflies, shahtoosh, rhino horn, skins,and tiger bones. Inputs were also givenon importance of plant taxonomy andtrade in medicinal plants.

– Special inputs were given on the role ofWildlife Forensic in dealing with wildlifecases. Officers were also given basicinformation on the implementation ofWildlife Protection Act, 1972, CITESand TRAFFIC. Apart from providingindoor inputs, the officers were alsotaken in protected areas like CorbettNational Park where they had interactionwith forest officers. Jungle safaris in theDhikala and Bijrani area of CorbettNational Park have sensitized them not

only towards flagship species but alsosome other lesser known keystonespecies.

Meetings, Workshops, Seminars andOther Activities

– Second Himalayan Daycelebrated, Dehradun, September9, 2011. The Institute conducted aConsultation Meeting on 2nd HimalayanDay. The faculty members, researchersand M.Sc. students discussed thecontribution of Wildlife Institute of Indiain establishing knowledge basespecifically on the biodiversity richness,conservation issues and wildlifemanagement related aspects of theHimalayan Landscape. The deliberationsfocused to work out strategies forsustaining Himalayan ecosystem as wellas on aspects of better outreach ofscience based information to authoritiesin particular and the civil society ingeneral to facilitate environment friendlydecisions enabling conservation of bio-resources without compromising theecosystem services of Himalayanlandscape. It was also decided to publishpopular articles pertaining to researchin Himalayan region in the comingissues of WII Newsletter.

– VII-Internal Annual ResearchSeminar (IARS), October 10, 2011.During the IARS, a total of 15presentations were made in four technicalsessions viz. Vegetation Ecology andPopulation Estimation; CaptiveManagement and ConservationBreeding; Development andConservation Interface and Habitat andSpecies Assessment. The presentationswere based on recently initiated andongoing research studies and were madeby research fellows of the Institute. Thepresentations were evaluated by a panelof judges and five of them were adjudged

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as the ‘best presentations’ and theconcerned research personnel wereawarded book prizes each worth Rs.1500/-.

– XXV Annual Research Seminar(ARS) of WII, Dehradun, October11-12, 2011. The XXV Annual ResearchSeminar of the Institute was chaired byProf. R. Sukumar, Chairman, Training,Research and Academic Council (TRAC).A total of 19 presentations were madein five technical sessions. Thepresentations were based on the ongoingresearch studies of the Institute.

About 225 delegates/participantsattended the ARS that included thePrincipal Chief Conservators of Forests,Chief Wildlife Wardens and other seniorofficials representing State ForestDepartments, delegates representingNGOs, scientists, conservationists,wildlife experts, faculty members,researchers, M.Sc. students and theofficer trainees of the Post GraduateDiploma Course at WII. A panel includingeminent scientists, academicians,conservationists and wildlife managersadjudged the ‘best five presentations’made during the XXIV Annual ResearchSeminar of the Institute. All fiveresearchers were given book awards,each worth Rs.1500/-. A photographycompetition was also held during theARS and the winners were awardedwith book prizes.

– Celebration of World EnvironmentDay, June 5, 2011. As part ofnationwide celebrations on the occasionof World Environment Day under theaegis of Ministry of Environment &Forests, Govt. of India, the Instituteorganized following two programmes:

– Awareness program at Mana, June1, 2011. Wildlife Institute of Indiaorganized an awareness program in

collaboration with the 127 InfantryDivision, Ecological, Indian Army atMana, the last Indian village borderingChina. This was a unique celebrationorganized in biting cold and drizzle,which of course could succeed in stallinglanding of the helicopter bringing ChiefMinisters of Uttarakhand and MadhyaPradesh but did not succeed indampening the spirit of the 400 peoplegathered there. The Chief Minister ofUttarakhand, who could not travel toMana due inclement weather, addressedthe gathering via mobile telephone. The10 million and 1 plant of Bhoj Patra,which once was abundant in the area,was planted by the local MLA. Director,WII also planted a sapling of localspecies. The ladies and the children ofMana village participated in a drawingcompetition. A puppet show titled “Pedna Kato” (Do not cut trees) was organizedfor the jawans and their families. Anexhibition on ‘Biodiversity of Uttarakhand’was also put up as part of the celebration.The celebration at Mana brought all thestakeholders on one platform – thepeople, government agencies and thepolicy makers. Forging of suchpartnerships augurs well for our effortstowards a greener and cleanerenvironment.

– Workshop on ‘Emerging Issues inWildlife Conservation’, Dehradun,June 5, 2011. The workshop wasconducted at the Institute campus. PadmaVibhushan Shri Sunderlal Bahuguna Ji,Leader of Chipko Movement, was theChief Guest on this occasion. Ms.Susanne Bech, Associate ProgrammeOfficer, UNEP, Nairobi also attendedthe workshop and briefed the participantsabout the UNEP’s programmes. A totalof 60 participants, of which 27(representing 15 NGOs and civilsocieties of Uttarakhand), WII faculty

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members, students, researchers andofficer trainees attended the workshop.The objectives of the workshop were: (i)to provide a comprehensiveunderstanding of BiodiversityConservation issues in India; (ii) buildingcapacity for effective and sustainedparticipation of Civil SocietyOrganisations/ NGOs in biodiversityconservation; and (iii) to have a platformto examine how civil society cancontribute to biodiversity conservation.The workshop has been able to identifyareas of cooperation between the CivilSociety Groups and the ForestDepartment for future action. The detailedoutcome of the workshop is underfinalization for wider dissemination.

– Workshop on ‘Implementation ofRajbhasha’, Dehradun, September14, 2011. A workshop onimplementation of Rajbhasha wasorganized at the Institute on the HindiDiwas. The aim of the workshop was todiscuss about maximizing the use ofRajbhasha in the Institute and informingthe staff about the policies & rules of theRajbhasha. The officers and the staff of

the Institute participated in the workshop.Group discussions were held fordiscussing the problems in use of theRajbhasha.

– Wildlife Week celebrated,Dehradun, October 2-8, 2011. TheWildlife Week was celebrated at theInstitute during October 2-8, 2011. Themain aim of the Wildlife Week was tomake the younger generation awareabout the importance of wildlife for theentire world. The following activitieswere organized by the Institute duringthe Wildlife Week: (i) An Environment &Wildlife Quiz was organized by theInstitute in collaboration with the Friendsof Doon, Dehradun for the school childrenof Dehradun, and (ii) A State level quizcompetition was organized for thestudents of different districts ofUttarakhand as part of the CorbettPlatinum Jubilee celebrations. It wasconducted by the Institute in collaborationwith the Forest Department ofUttarakhand. The winners were awardedduring the Corbett Platinum Jubileecelebration.

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Centres of ExcellenceEnhancement of people’s awareness about

environment requires capacity building atinstitutional and individual level for providingadequate support to the efforts in the fieldsof environment education, research andtraining. To serve this end, the Ministrylaunched the scheme ‘Centres of Excellence’in 1983 to promote institutions in priorityareas of Environmental Sciences andManagement.

Ten Centres of Excellence have so farbeen established in different areas:

(i) Centre for Environment Education (CEE),Ahmedabad

(ii) CPR Environmental Education Centre(CPREEC), Chennai

(iii) Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES),Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru

(iv) Centre of Mining Environment (CME),Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad

(v) Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology andNatural History (SACON), Coimbatore

(vi) Centre for Environment Management ofDegraded Ecosystem (CEMDE), Universityof Delhi, Delhi

(vii) Madras School of Economics (MSE),Chennai

(viii) Foundation for Revitalization of LocalHealth Traditions (FRLHT), Bengaluru

(ix) The Tropical Botanic Garden andResearch Institute (TBGRI),Thiruvananthapuram

(x) Centre for Animals and Environment,CARTMAN, Bengaluru.

Centre for Environment Education(CEE), Ahmedabad

Centre for Environment Education (CEE)was established in 1984 as a Centre ofExcellence in Environmental Education,supported by the Ministry of Environmentand Forests (M0EF), Government of India,in recognition of the importance of

environmental education in India’s overallenvironment and development strategy. CEEis a national institution engaged in developingprogrammes and material to increaseawareness and concern, leading to action,regarding the environment and sustainabledevelopment. It has inherited the richmultidisciplinary resource base and variedexperience of Nehru Foundation forDevelopment (NFD), its parent organization,which has been promoting educational effortssince 1966 in the areas of science, naturestudy, health, development and environment.

Paryavaran Mitra Programme

“Paryavaran Mitra”, one of the largestsustainability and climate change educationprogrammes in the world, was launched inCEE, on 24 July 2010. The Paryavaran MitraProgramme is an initiative of CEE in partnershipwith the Ministry of Environment and Forests(MOEF) and is supported by Arcelor Mittal.

Paryavaran Mitra is a programme forstudents that envisions creating ParyavaranMitra (Friends of the Environment) in schoolsacross India. The goal of the programme isto create a network of young people acrossthe nation who have the knowledge, awarenessand commitment to meet the challenges ofglobal citizenship and climate change. The

Fig-66. Environment Education Orientation Session

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Paryavaran Mitra programme aims to guide,facilitate, capacity build students throughcurriculum-linked activities and co-curricularaction projects to take positive environmentalaction at individual, community, national andglobal level.

The first phase of the programme is fora period of three years from 2010-2013during which the aim is to reach students inclasses from standards six - nine (age group11-15 years). Two lakh schools and twocrore school students across the country areto be reached in this phase.

So far, 1,56,000 schools have beenenrolled and more than 1,20000 studentshave received the first set of material translatedinto 13 Indian languages. The programmehas a total of 160 partnerships includingPollution Control Boards in most states,grassroots NG0s, school networks like theJawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, and ArmyPublic Schools. Master Trainers, teachers andothers have been directly or indirectly orientedabout the programme. Of the total schoolsenrolled, more than 7533 schools havecarried out action projects in the fiveParyavaran Mitra themes, i.e- Water andSanitation, Biodiversity and Greening, Cultureand Heritage, Energy, and WasteManagement. A Paryavaran Mitra Lead Schoolwill mentor schools in their immediatesurroundings to encourage, guide, andfacilitate them in the process of becomingParyavaran Mitra schools. A Lead school isa school that shows leadership in actions forsustainability. It is a school that not onlydemonstrates best practices, but also helpsother schools in developing a vision and anaction plan for becoming Paryavaran MitraSchool.

Paryavaran Mitra represents Hand printaction. Hand print is a measure of Educationfor Sustainable Development (ESD) action;action that is directed to decrease the humanfootprint and make the world more sustainable.

National Green Corps (NGC)

CEE implements NGC programme in 15states and two Union Territories as resourceagency.

There were regular meetings with NodalAgencies for planning and strengthening theNGC programme. This helped in planningannual activities of the NGC. Around 2 stateand 10 district level training programmeswere facilitated, and around 15 events forNGC schools on various environmentallysignificant days were organized. Around 1 -2 % schools were visited for monitoring andoutreach events at various levels wereorganized Four to five prototypes of resourcematerial which included manuals, posters,stickers, pamphlets, etc were also developed.

Biodiversity Conservation

Ganges River Dolphin ConservationEducation

CEE with support from the Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests (MoEF) has initiateda two-year project on Ganges River DolphinConservation Education Programme in thenorth and north eastern and eastern region ofIndia. A total of 20 locations have beenidentified in Assam, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh andWest Bengal to conduct school activities ineach location with 25 clusters of schools. Tofacilitate activities partner NGOs have beenselected for carrying out education activitiesfocusing on river dolphins. An educationalpackage for various target groups has beendeveloped in four languages - English, Hindi,Bengali and Assamese. The brochure andposters have reached all 20 clusters withmore than 475 schools on board for theproject. Two national level workshops and 16Teacher Training workshops were organized.A national river dolphin camp was organizedfor schools at Vikramshila Gangetic DolphinSanctuary. During the Magh Mela inAllahabad, a three-day event was organizedto involve religious groups in spreading theconservation messages.

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Science Express

‘Science Express’ is a unique, state-of-the-art exhibition train that has done four runsacross the country, bringing science awarenessto the doorsteps of millions of children, youthand other citizens. In its next phase, startingApril 2012, this train will become theBiodiversity Special and carry special exhibitson biodiversity of India. It will reachHyderabad/Secunderabad in September/October 2012 to coincide with the 11th

Conference of Parties to the Convention onBiodiversity (CBD COP11) being held there.

In partnership with the MoEF Departmentof Science & Technology, CEE is speciallydesigning eight coaches for this purpose.Through visuals, models, audio-video andinteractive exhibits, it is planned to portrayIndia’s unique biodiversity in national andeco-regional thematic modes, its relationshipwith mankind, its place in our diverse andancient cultures, its importance, status, threats,conservation needs, action being taken bygovernment and other agencies, along withsome success stories. The entire exhibition willbe targeted at non-specialists and commoncitizens, especially school college students,teachers and families.

ENVIS

Four issues of the newsletter Educationfor Change were brought out as part of theactivities of the ENVIS Centre on EnvironmentalEducation of which Vol 17.1 and 2 wereelectronic versions. The website “GreenTeacher” was regularly updated and newcontent added every month, including EEactivities, book reviews, articles on EE,information on events and environment days.

National Environment AwarenessCampaign

National Environment AwarenessCampaign (NEAC), a national programme ofthe MoEF aims to create environmentalawareness across the country and inspire

citizens to participate in the protection of theenvironment.

‘Forests for Sustainable Livelihood’, thetheme for the 2011-12 NEAC programme, isaimed at sensitising citizens about theimportance of forest conservation. Some ofthe components under this theme includeprotection to sacred groves, promotion ofbio-farming, promotion of the use of ecofriendly and organic products, revival oftraditional herbal remedies, promotion ofalternate energy sources, to name a few. Thetheme is important considering the UnitedNations General Assembly declared 2011 asthe International Year of Forests to raiseawareness on sustainable management,conservation and sustainable development ofall types of forests.

As part of NEAC, participating agencieswhich included NG0s, schools and colleges,community organizations and governmentinstitutions from across the country submittedproposals to promote awareness and initiateaction for the conservation of forests. Awarenessactivities proposed included workshops, rallies,exhibitions, street plays and padyatras. Someother proposals were plantation drives,demonstrations of bio-farming, creation ofbiodiversity registers, plantation of indigenousspecies and creation of seed banks to namea few.

For NEAC 2011-12, CEE was associatedwith the campaign in the capacity of a Centreof Excellence. CEE representatives workedwith 21 Regional Resource Agencies (RRAs)located across the country and helpedscrutinize about 9000 proposals received bythe RRAs. The shortlisted proposals wererecommended to the regional committees.This initial round of proposal scrutiny wasfollowed up by the four regional committeemeetings. In the capacity of a member inthese regional committees, CEE representativeshelped in the final shortlisting of proposals forthe sanctioning process.

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Conferences

Asia- Pacific UNEP TUNZA Childrenand Youth Conference 2012

CEE in partnership with UNEP TUNZAand Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF),Government of India organized a three-dayconference from 6th to 8th February, 2012 inAhmadabad, India. UNEP TUNZAInternational Youth Conference, held everytwo years, bring together children and youthfrom all over the world, giving them theopportunity to share and learn from oneanother and strengthen their environmentalcommitments. The Asia Pacific UNEP TUNZAConference will have a regional focus onenvironmental action by children and youthof the region.

Children and youth from Asia-Pacificregion will gather together to share theirconcerns on issues of sustainable lifestylesand responsibility towards the planet. TheConference will help in bringing in theperspective of the young to the discussionsand outcomes of two significant internationalevents: the Rio+20 or the United NationsConference on Sustainable Development(UNCSD) to be held in Brazil and theConference of Parties on Convention ofBiological Diversity (CBD COP 11) in India,both being organized in 2012. Children andyouth will work together to develop a charterof recommendations to be presented in theseconferences. The delegates for the ‘Children’sConference’ will include105 Indianparticipants who will be selected from theNational Green Corps (NGC) school networkand 100 international participants (120children and 85 teachers/parents/guardians).The ‘Youth Conference’ will have 100 youthparticipants from the SAYEN and other youthnetworks.

Journal of Education for SustainableDevelopment

Two issues of the peer-reviewed

international journal, Journal of Education forSustainable Development (JESD) were broughtout in March and September, 2011. TheJournal is a forum for academics andpractitioners to share and critique innovationsin thinking and practice in the emerging fieldof Education for Sustainable Development(ESD). The journal is formatted in sections ofnews, opinion, project descriptions, research,academic opportunities and reviews. Researcharticles develop, test, or advance ESD theory,research or practice. Project descriptionsfocus on innovative ESD projects andprogrammes. A special section addressesinternational news and events related to theUN Decade of Education for SustainableDevelopment (2005-2014). The journalpublishes reviews of books, videos/films,curricula, and other print and non print ESDmaterials and programmes. Notes andcomments from readers continue the discussion.

C.P.R. Environmental EducationCentre (CPREEC)Introduction

To create awareness among variousstakeholders about current environmental issuesand our responsibilities towards thepreservation of our environment. Theprogrammes are conducted in the states ofAndhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala,Odisha, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu andthe Union Territories of Andaman and NicobarIslands and Puducherry.

Progress /achievements made duringthe year

Green Schools of India

C.P.R. Environmental Education Centre(CPREEC)’s Green Schools of India (GSI) waslaunched in 2007 in Chennai, Bengaluru,Hyderabad, Ooty, Mysore and Puducherry.More schools have been included this year.This scheme involves students from schools infive areas of environmental management:reducing energy and water consumption,

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waste management, greening the campus andanimal welfare.

This programme has been developed inconverting environmental awareness educationinto action. NGC schools also participatedin the GSI campaign. Several schools haveintroduced the concept of GSI and has leadto reduction in water and energy consumptionand establishment of composting pits foreffective solid waste management. Someschools have set up herbal gardens in theirschool campus and are maintaining them.Annual Green School Award was given to thebest performing schools.

Environmental Education for Teachers

Teachers selected by the state Departmentsof Education in the states of Andhra Pradesh,Karnataka, Kerala, Goa, Orissa, Maharashtraand Tamil Nadu are trained to teachenvironmental concepts. Updated resourcematerials were distributed.

Kompassionate Kids

Kompassionate Kids - a project fundedby the Winsome Constance Kindness Trust,Australia, and the C.P. Ramaswami AiyarFoundation to extend the scope ofenvironmental education; taught children aboutthe link between their food and environmentaldamage as well as the importance of kindnessto animals. Workshops for teachers andorientation programmes for students wereorganized in existing and additional schoolsin Tamil Nadu and Puducherry. Mobile panelson the importance of animal welfare weredisplayed in the schools. Competitions wereorganized for the participating school children.All the participating schools have formedKindness Clubs.

Biodiversity Conservation Education

Workshops on biodiversity conservationeducation were conducted for teachers,students, women, villagers in the states ofAndhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.The focus was on tropical forests, degraded

eco systems and wetlands. The participantswere taken on field visits to reserve forests.Teachers and students were trained in thepreparation of biodiversity register.

Sacred Groves

CPREEC has been conserving and restoringsacred groves since 1993-94. Tree plantationand maintenance have been going on in theexisting eight sites in the states of Karnatakaand Tamil Nadu. Orientation programmes forschool students were organized at the sacredgrove sites to motivate them towards sacredgrove conservation. Saplings were distributedto school students.

Women and the Environment

CPREEC trained women of villages inwaste management, vermicomposting, organicfarming, health and nutrition. Saplings andseeds were distributed to the participants andseed banks of local varieties were establishedby the women self help groups. CPREEC alsosurveyed the growth rate of saplings andseeds distributed to them in the previous year.On an average 75% survived.

Nilgiri Biosphere ReserveConservation Education

The importance of the Nilgiris BiosphereReserve was conveyed to the teachers, teachertrainees, villagers, women and students in thedistricts of Nilgiris, Coimbatore, Thiruppurand Erode in Tamil Nadu, Wayanad inKerala, Mysore and Chamraja Nagar districtsin Karnataka. The annual Anti PlasticCampaign of CPREEC was organized at theBotanical Garden in Doty in the Nilgiris.Ozone day celebrations and wildlife weekcelebrations were also organized.

Andaman & Nicobar IslandsConservation Education

Teachers, teacher trainees, students andwomen were chosen for programmes on theimportance of the island ecosystem. Exhibitionon Forests of India was put up for the benefitof the islanders. The Education Department,

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Andaman Administration had identifiedCPREEC to organize orientation programmesfor the in-service teachers throughout the Island.

Exhibition

An exhibition on ‘Forests of India’ wasdesigned and put up at Chennai. The sameexhibition was put up Science Festivalorganized by Government of Tamil Nadu andat Central Agricultural Research Institute(CART), Port Blair in Andaman & NicobarIslands. A pamphlet on Forests of India wasdistributed free to all visitors. Inter quizcompetition was conducted to assess thestudent’s comprehension.

Econews

Four issues of the quarterly newsletterECONEWS were brought out.

Indian Journal of EnvironmentalEducation

This is a peer-reviewed journal publishedannually.

Publications

CPREEC’s publications are regularlyupdated and reprinted. This year, a new bookon Climate Change and a booklet on Forestsof India in English, Tamil and Telugu werebrought out.

Earlier booklets on Climate Change(English, Tamil and Telugu), ‘Nilgiris BiosphereReserve’ in English, ‘Biodiversity’ in Englishand ‘Air Pollution - a poster’ in Tamil werere-published.

Appropriate resource materials producedby CPREEC were distributed to the participantsof the various training programmes organisedin the states of Andhra Pradesh, Goa,Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha,Tamil Nadu and the Union Territories ofAndaman & Nicobar Islands and Puducherry.

Research and Surveys

CPREEC carried out ambient air quality,water level and noise level surveys at various

locations in Chennai city in Tamil Nadu andambient air quality survey in Vijayawada inAndhra Pradesh. CPREEC also carried outsea water intrusion surveys at Chennai,Puducherry and East Coast aroundPallikkaranai marsh. In addition to the above,CPREEC also analyzed lake water samples,water samples from temple tanks, mineralwater samples and packaged water samplesin Chennai city and also water samplescollected from various river basins of TamilNadu. The samples were analyzed forchemical and microbial parameters.

ENVIS Centre

CPREEC’s ENVIS Centre on Conservationof Ecological Heritage and Sacred Sites ofIndia has expanded the existing database onvarious aspects of Indian ecological heritagewith primary and secondary sources. The Bi-Annual ENVIS newsletter ECOHERITAGE.COMwas published in the prescribed format. Aseminar on Ecological Traditions of MadhyaPradesh was held in Bhopal.

National Green Corps (NGC)

CPREEC is the Resource Agency (RA) forNGC in the states of Andhra Pradesh,Karnataka, Kerala, Goa, Odisha, Tamil Naduand Union Territories of Andaman & NicobarIslands and Puducherry. Workshops wereorganised for selected district NGC teacher-coordinators in the states of Andhra Pradesh,Karnataka, Odisha, Tamil Nadu and UnionTerritory of Puducherry. NGC schoolsparticipated in the GSI campaign. Resourcematerials were provided to all the NodalAgencies.

Biomedical Waste Management

CPREEC conducted workshops onBiomedical Waste Management for MedicalOfficers at Bhubaneswar in Odisha,Chengalpatu and Trichy in Tamil Nadu. Theworkshops were organized in collaborationwith the State Pollution Control Board and theIndian Medical Association.

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International Biodiversity DayCelebrations

CPREEC’s state office at Andhra Pradeshorganized a programme for villagers of MedakDistrict while CPREEC’s Field Office at Ootyorganized a programme for women in Nilgiris.The Field Office at Port Blair in the Andaman& Nicobar Islands organized a Lecture onIsland Ecology with special reference toBiodiversity Conservation. To mark the day,saplings were planted at the Botanical Surveyof India (BSI) gai’den and a signaturecampaign.

World Environment Day Celebrations

CPREEC organized a Nature Camp,funded by Ministry of Environment and Forests,Government of India at the Mudumalai TigerReserve in the Nilgiris for selected studentsfrom schools from June 3–5, 2011.

Mr. Deepak Srivastava, IFS., Director,Hill Area Development Project (HADP), Ooty,inaugurated the Nature Camp.

C. P. R. Environmental EducationCentre’s Award for EnvironmentalEducation

Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, Chairman,CPREEC, gave away the annual C. P. R.Environmental Education Centre Award forEnvironmental Education - 2011 to Mr. B.V.Gundappa, Assistant Master, Government Pre-university College, Nagavalli, Tumkur Taluk,Tumkur District, Karnataka, in recognition of hiscontribution to the use of environmental educationand awareness among the students and thelocal community of Nagavalli in Tumkur districtto protect wildlife and water resources.

GLOBE Programmes

CPREEC in collaboration with the USConsulate General, Chennai organised theGLOBE workshop for teachers at Coimbatorein Tamil Nadu and at Mysore in Karnataka.GLOBE kits were distributed to all theparticipating 38 schools, 20 existing GLOBE

schools in Chennai city. The GPS readings ofthe schools in Coimbatore and Mysore havebeen recorded and communicated to theGLOBE Country Coordinator.

National Environmental AwarenesCampaign (NEAC)

CPREEC was assigned to organize theNational Level Interactive workshop of RegionalResource Agencies (RRAs) for effectiveimplementation of NEAC – 2011-12 at NewDelhi on August 30, 2011. CPREECdeveloped a pamphlet on Forests forSustainable Livelihood and was distributed toall the participating RRAs.

A pamphlet on Forests of India wasdistributed to NGOs and educationalinstitutions implementing NEAC in northerndistricts of Tamil Nadu, Andaman & NicobarIslands and Puducherry.

Organizing programmes for PublicWorks Department, Government ofTamil Nadu

On behalf of Public Works Department(PWD)/Water Resources Division (WRD),Government of Tamil Nadu, CPREECorganized orientation programmes for schoolstudents in the river basins of Tamil Naduunder IAMWARM Project.

TRIFED Programmes

Tribal Cooperative Marketing DevelopmentFederation of India Limited (TRIFED),Government of India, sanctioned a Project forthe Primary Level Training (PLT) Programme onKurumba Tribal Painting for the Kurumbatribals at Kengarai Panchayat, Kotagiri Taluk,Nilgiris District, in Tamil Nadu, coveringfreehand drawing and painting techniques.

Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES),Indian Institute of Science (IISc),BengaluruBrief Objective

The Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES),

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Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru isconducting research, education, extension &training for field managers in the broad areaof ecology with special emphasis on theWestern Ghats with practical application inconservation and sustainable development ofnatural areas of Western Ghats.

Activities undertaken so far

The Centre has continued to do cutting-edge research in diverse areas of ecologyand evolutionary biology that range from thesocial behaviour of single-celled organismssuch as slime moulds to the largest landmammals, the Asian elephant, and from thechemistry to the molecular ecology of speciesinteractions, besides questions concerningplanetary issues such as climate change andpublished 47 refereed papers in reputedinternational and national journals, a book onAsian Elephants and seven popular articles inaddition to three chapters in books and fivebook reviews. The Centre organizedInternational and National level conferencesand symposia like the Students Conference onConservation Science and the unique meetingfor young ecologists of the country called the‘Young Ecologists Talk and Interact’ (YETI).Seventeen scientists from abroad and differentparts of India visited the centre and interactedwith the faculty members and students.

Progress / achievements during theyear

Ecology of Invasive Plants

Lantana camara, a shrub of Central andSouth American origin, has become invasiveacross dry forests worldwide. The effect of thethicket-forming habit of L. camara as adispersal and recruitment barrier in acommunity of native woody seedlings wasexamined in a 50-ha permanent plot locatedin the seasonally dry forest of Mudumalai,southern India. Sixty 100-m2 plots wereenumerated for native woody seedlingsbetween 10-100 cm in height. Of these, 30plots had no L. camara thickets, while the

other 30 had dense thickets. The frequencyof occurrence and abundance of seedlingswere modeled as a function of dispersal mode(mammal, bird or mechanical) and affinitiesto forest habitats (dry forest, moist forest orubiquitous) as well as presence or absenceof dense L. camara thickets. Furthermore,frequency of occurrence and abundance ofindividual species were also comparedbetween thickets and no L. camara. At thecommunity level, L. camara density, dispersalmode and forest habitat affinities of speciesdetermined both frequency of oc’currenceand abundance of seedlings, with theabundance of dry-forest mammal-dispersedspecies and ubiquitous mechanically dispersedspecies being significantly lower under L.camara thickets. Phyllanthus emblica andKydia calycina were found to be significantlyless abundant under L. camara, whereas mostother species were not affected by the presenceof thickets. It was inferred that, by affectingthe establishment of native tree seedlings, L.catnara thickets could eventually alter thecommunity composition of such forests.

Acoustic biodiversity monitoring

The Centre is developing acousticsampling as a tool to identify and monitorspecies in tropical evergreen forests, with anemphasis on crickets, birds and bats. One ofthe aims is to compare the efficacy of listener-based psychoacoustic sampling withinstrument- based recordings of the same.Recently, a new acoustic entropy-baseddiversity index has been proposed based onambient noise recordings but this has not beenvalidated against measurements of speciesdiversity using more standard methods. In thepast year, the study was carried out inKodagu district of Karnataka, which has a lotof evergreen forest cover. Instrument recordingsof the dawn chorus were carried outsimultaneously with listener-based point counts.The acoustic diversity index was found to beproblematical when compared withpsychoacoustic sampling. The Centre is

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currently evaluating an alternative songrecognition software, Songscope, which usesa pattern recognition algorithm, for its efficacyin acoustic species identification.

Chemical Ecology

The Centre investigated day-nightdifferences in fruit odours in two species offigs, Ficus racemosa and Ficus benghalensis.The volatile bouquet of fruit of F. racemosathat are largely dispersed by bats and othermammals was dominated by fatty acidderivatives such as esters. In this species inwhich the ripe fig phase is very short, andwhere the figs drop off soon after ripening,there were no differences between day andnight in fruit volatile signature. The volatilebouquet of fruit of F. benghalensis that has along ripening period, however, and thatremain attached to the tree for extendedperiods when ripe, showed an increase infatty acid derivatives such as esters and ofbenzenoids such as benzaldehyde at nightwhen they are dispersed by bats, and anelevation of sesquiterpenes during the daywhen they are dispersed by birds. The Centrehas the data to suggest that the volatile signalproduced by fruit can show diel differencesbased on the activity period of the dispersalagent.

Budget Allocation of the Schemeduring the year and progress ofExpenditure: Rs.125 lakhs

Implementing Organizations alongwith details of responsibilities

The Centre for Ecological Sciences isfunctioning under the Administrative control ofIndian Institute of Science, Bangalore. TheCentre maintains field stations near MudumalaiWildlife Sanctuary, and in Uttara and DakshinKannada districts (Karnataka) in the WesternGhats to facilitate field research in areaswhich include community and habitat ecology,molecular genetics and conservation biology,large mammal and forest ecology and climatechange. The projects range from theoretical

to laboratory to field-based research with thedifferent approaches being used in acomplementary manner.

Centre for Mining Environment(CME), Indian School of Mines,Dhanbad

Centre for Mining Environment (CME)was inducted as a Centre of Excellence in1987 on a project mode. The Centre issupported by the Ministry of Human ResourceDevelopment for its staff and revenueexpenditure for running the Centre. The Centrehas been mainly engaged in R&D activitiesand the associated research publications, andin training personnel in mining sector andinvolved in issues of academic interestpertaining to mining and environment.

Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology andNatural History (SACON),CoimbatoreBrief Objectives

The Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology andNatural History (SACON) was established in1990 as a fully funded centre of excellenceunder the Ministry with objectives of researchin Ornithology covering all aspects ofbiodiversity and Natural History, develop andconduct regular courses in ornithology andnatural history, create a data bank on Indianornithology and natural history, anddisseminate knowledge relating to ornithologyand natural history for the benefit of thecommunity.

Progress / Achievements madeduring the year

– SACON’s research projects largelyinvolve studies on ecological community/ habitats, ecosystems, environmentalcontamination, environmental assessment,consultancies, conservation actions andnature / conservation educationprograms. Studies have also beenconducted related to community

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conservation. As per SACON’s objective,most of our studies are related to birdspecies, their habitats and associatedspecies. However, studies have also beenundertaken on other species like lion-tailed macaques, fishing cats and reptiles,as these studies were expected to generatevaluable information towards habitatconservation and understanding of theecological specificities.

– Among the species specific studies onbirds the one on spot billed pelican inAndhra Pradesh, and Edible nest swiftletsin Andaman & Nicobar Islands havebeen progressing with excellent outcomes.Studies on the Spot-billed Pelican, aglobally near threatened species,important recommendations are submittedfor their conservation actions in the state.SACON’s in-situ conservation program,for the Edible nest Swiftlet in its thirdphase, has resulted in almost 75%population increase in the protectedcaves. The species has also startedbreeding in ex-situ Swiftlet houses madeespecially for the purpose.

– Studies on the ecology of free-rangingIndian Rock Python is first of its kind inthe country and has revealed severalecological facts about the species whichwere not earlier authenticated. Valuablemanagement recommendations have alsocome up from the study. India is hometo 15 species of cats, except the four bigcats the small ones do not feature in anymajor research or conservation planningin the country. The distribution of thesmaller ones especially the fishing cat inIndia is unclear. This study was undertakento address the above facts and hasidentified several pockets where thisspecies is distributed and suggestedrequired conservation actions. Thephylogenetic relationships among differentpopulations are also being worked out.

– A new population of lion-tailed macaquewas discovered at Sirsi-Honnavara,

Karnataka and it was thought necessaryto indentify the threats faced by thespecies and the conservation actionsrequired there. The study pointed NTFPcollection to be one of the major conflictsthe species has with the people living inthe area. Recommendations were givenfor developing an appropriate harvestingstrategy so that these food items ofmacaques are available to them at anoptimum level. Karnataka ForestDepartment considered thisrecommendation and incorporated themin their current management plan for thearea. A study of large mammals inBannerghatta National Park, Karnatakawas taken up on the request from theKarnataka Forest Department whichprovided inputs for preparation ofconservation action plan for the Park.

– The tsunami on the fateful December 26,2004 destroyed large stretches of coastaland mangrove forests in the Andaman &Nicobar Islands. It also resulted in a tiltin the land with the southernmost NicobarIslands having sunk by about 1.6 meterswhile the Northern most Andaman Islandsraised by about 1.2 meters. Consideringthese, the present project focusing onlittoral forests including mangroves in thecoastal areas of the Nicobar Islands wastaken up. Through this project, SACONidentified locations of poor colonizationthat needs to be appropriately restoredwith species belonging to littoral forests.

– To strengthen the community conservationefforts by locals in north-eastern moststate of the country Nagaland, a three-year program focusing on five easternvillages of the state was undertakenwhich culminated in this year. During thisprogram documentation was done onvaluable indigenous ecologicalknowledge, effectively communicate theneed for nature conservation, andfacilitate formation of a few community

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conservation. areas. One of the importantfindings was that a such as programmeshould be extended to other districts ofNagaland and more than that a longterm programme with appropriate fundingneeds to be taken up to keep up thetempo.

– SACON assessed 20 wetlands spreadingover four districts of Andhra Pradesh anddocumented the flora and fauna availablein those areas under the program‘Biodiversity assessment for environmentalmonitoring of medium/minor irrigationschemes in Andhra Pradesh’ Study ofbiodiversity in select wetlands of otherdistricts is also progressing. Applicationsin free and open source geospatial toolshas been effectively demonstrated in oneof the studies on Environmentalconservation at Bhavanpadu Thermalpower plant, Srikakulam district, AndhraPradesh. Program for coastal wetlandmapping of Kerala, as a part of anexercise by the Kerala biodiversity boardto document the wetlands of Kerala,could delineate 66,568 ha coastalwetlands in 9 districts of Kerala generatingrelevant statistics handy for conservationactions. SACON also have taken up anecological status survey of the wetlandsof Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh asrequired by the MoEF. The study wouldbe completed shortly.

– Indian Space Research Organization(ISRO) has undertaken a project coveringthe entire country addressing the concernson land use change, human vulnerabilityand environmental change at the riverbasin level. As part of this exercise, thepresent study aims at documenting theland use and land cover dynamics inentire river basins of India during the last30 years. During the current year, theMoEF under the chairmanship of Prof.Madhav Gadgil constituted an expertpanel on Western Ghats Ecology torecommend measures for conservationand to help delineate Ecologically

Sensitive Areas (ESAs) in the WesternGhats using the Geographic Informationsystem framework. Upon request from theExpert panel we assessed the levels ofEcological Sensitivity of entire stretch ofthe Western Ghats.

– SACON entered into a technical servicecontract with the Water Institute, KarunyaUniversity to evaluate the Wetland Ecologycomponent for the project “Monitoringand Evaluation of Loktak LakeManagement” being implemented by theLoktak Development Authority, Manipur.Evaluation of the water bird monitoringwas done in collaboration with ForestDepartment-wildlife wing, Manipur andrecommendations submitted on bothresearch and management components.

– As part of our ecotoxicological research,a comparative study of pesticide residuesbetween organic and chemical farmingin Padayetti village, Kerala wasundertaken where it was found thatsignificant difference in pesticide residueaccumulation is there between the twosystems of farming. As part of the workto assess Environmental Contaminants inbirds in India 125 dead individuals wereexamined belonging to 30 species ofbirds and found DDT to be highest inconcentration followed by total HCHand total endosulfan. Recently studieswere also initiated on investigation intoEndosulfan persistence in Kasaragod andits impacts on human health andenvironment. As part of EnvironmentalAssessment programme, SACON draftedManagement Action Plan for OusteriLake, Puducherry and submitted the sameto the forest department to pursue itfurther. Other works include i) Impact ofsurvey for drilling operations by M/s OilIndia Ltd on wildlife and avifauna atKakinada, Andhra Pradesh, ii) Impactassessment of LNG terminal augmentationproject by M/s PLL on the terrestrial floraand fauna at Puthuvypeen, Kerala, iii)Monitoring the impacts of Jangi Wind

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Power Farm (91.8 MW) with specialreference to Birds and Bats, and iv)Baseline Environmental data collectionfor Mithiviridi Nuclear Power Plant duringthis year.

– SACON has been pursuing our natureeducation programs in right earnest.Several programmes were undertaken forCoimbatore and neighborhoods havingconducted camps for school students andteachers and nature educationcompetitions for students. Programs arealso supported for training forest officialsand summer courses organized by localuniversities. Coordination is also beingdone for the DBTs Natural resourcesAwareness Clubs for School Children, aninitiative of the National Bio-resourceDevelopment Board (Department ofBiotechnology, Government of India). Inthe A & N Islands, it is progressing welland has offered good exposure to thelocal school children.

– SACON organized the first InternationalConference on Indian Ornithology (ICIO- 2011), during 19-23 November, 2011.The conference was inaugurated by DrDilip Kumar (DG of Forests & SpecialSecretary, MoEF, Government of India)and the inaugural function was presidedover by Mr Lavkumar Kachar, notedveteran conservationist. Notedenvironmental economist, Prof Paul PAppasamy (Vice Chancellor, KarunyaUniversity), and Dr AR Rahmani (Director,BNHS) delivered Felicitation addresses.About 250 participants, including specialinvitees, attended the conference for MIthree days. The Pre-conference workshopscheduled on 19th November was alsowell received. Experts from abroadincluded Drs Pamela C. Rasmussen(Michigan State University, USA), RhysGreen (Royal Society for the Protectionof Birds and Department of Zoology,University of Cambridge, UK),Mohammad Ali Reza Khan (Dubai Zoo,UAE), Christopher Bowden (RSPB, UK),

Trevor Price (University of Chicago), andIan Barber (RSPB, UK), while delegatesfrom India included almost all seniorornithologists as well as youngergeneration of researchers, across thecountry. Mr Hem Pande, Joint Secretaryto Government of India, MoEF chairedone session, delivered talk on COP-11,and chaired the valedictory session on22nd November 2011.

– As per a commitment to the humanresource development in the field, SACONhas 25 students working for their PhDdegree. SACON entered also into aMemorandum of Understanding withIndira Gandhi National Open University(IGNOU), New Delhi to conduct jointprogrammes in the areas of EnvironmentalImpact Assessment and Management indistant education mode. It is planned toundertake a course of ornithology alongthe same line.

Centre for EnvironmentalManagement of DegradedEcosystems (CEMDE), University ofDelhi, Delhi– The Centre of Excellence Programme of

MoEF at Centre for EnvironmentalManagement of Degraded Ecosystems(CEMDE), University of Delhi has beenengaged in: (i) development oftechnologies for ecological restoration ofabandoned mined out sites, overburdendumps (OBDs) of coal mined areas anddegraded forest ecosystems of Aravalli,(ii) management of invasive speciesespecially Lantana in forests ecosystems,(iii) management of grasslands inprotected areas, (iv) preparation of newflora of Delhi and (v) training ofstakeholders as a part of capacity buildingin action research in the areas ofenvironment and ecology. The majorachievements made during 2011-2012are as follows:

– A site-specific restoration technology has

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been developed for the stabilization offine iron ore dumps. Using this technology,a 10 acre experimental plot at the fineore dump of National MineralDevelopment Corporation (NMDC) atBacheli was successfully vegetated usingnative grass species and other woodyelements through ecological restoration.A highly degraded forest ecosystem inthe Beed area of Vidya Bhawan Societyin Udaipur range of Aravalli hills wassuccessfully ecologically restored throughrestoration ecotechnology developedunder the programme.

– As part of new initiatives undertaken inthe programme, ecological restoration ofoverburden dumps (OBDs) of Coal Mineshas been taken up. Two OBDs eachhaving an area of 8-10 hectares wasselected for ecological restoration atCoal fields of Bharat Coking Coal Limited(BCCL) and two OBDs each having 10hectares were selected for ecologicalrestoration in Coal fields of Central CoalFields Limited (CCL).

– The cut rootstock method developedunder the Centre of Excellence Programmehas been used extensively to removeLantana successfully from different partsof the Corbett Tiger Reserve. A strategyhas also been developed to address theproblem of reinvasion of Lantana inlandscapes from where it was removed.

– Based upon the studies of differentpopulations sampled from differentlocations in the country, a new speciesof Lantana has been proposed. For thefirst time two novel invasive traits thatmake Lantana multiply and spread rapidlyhas been observed. The concept ofLantana free zone has been evolved forsuccessful eradication of Lantana in forestecosystems. Lantana free zone is the sizeof landscape unit equivalent to homerange of Lantana’s frugivorous mutualists.

– Five threatened native species of flowering

plants in Delhi were relocated and NewFlora of Delhi State is being prepared.

– Studies on grassland management inCorbett Tiger Reserve revealed that: (i)unusual ecological succession of 35different single alien species dominatedcommunities were observed in flooded(for three months) lowland grasslands ofDhikala after receding flood waters, (ii)these weedy communities weresubsequently replaced by grassesregenerated from old clumps and newclumps developed from seed bank/seedmigrated from upland grasslands, (iii) theheavy herbivore pressure on uplandnonflooded grasslands, when the lowlandgrasslands were flooded, mimickedannual fire regime in the removal ofbiomass and also stimulation of basalmeristems of grass rosettes, and (iv) theupland grasslands, which were browsedby herbivores, were regenerated in thesame way as those subjected to annualfire regime suggesting that browsingmimicked annual fire regime Theseobservations are critical in themanagement of grassland ecosystems.

– Two workshops were organized jointlywith the Wildlife Division of ForestDepartment of Uttar Pradesh at DudhwaTiger Reserve, Dudhwa. One workshopon the “Wildlife Habitat Management:Biological Invasions” was conducted forChief Conservators, Divisional ForestOfficers and Sub-divisional Forest Officersof UP, and about 30 officers participatedin the workshop. The second workshopwas organized for Range Officers andForest guards on the Management ofLantana in Forest Ecosystems, and about30 participants attended the workshop.The third workshop on Management ofLantana and Habitat Restoration in ForestEcosystems was organized at the CorbettWildlife Training Centre, Kalagarh andabout 57 staff and officials consisting of

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Foresters, Rangers, SDOs and DFO fromthe Uttarakhand Forest Departmentparticipated in the workshop.

Madras School of Economics,Chennai

The Centre of Excellence in EnvironmentalEconomics was set up on the basis of a MoUin 2002 between the Ministry of Environment& Forests and the Madras School of Economicsand was extended for the duration of 11th FiveYear Plan. The main objectives of the Centre areto carry out research on issues related toEnvironmental Economics in project mode,maintain a state-of-the-art website onenvironmental economics and provide policyassistance to the Ministry. During the year2011-2012, the Centre continued its workongoing projects on ‘Trade and Environment:India’s Export of Textile and Textile Products andEnvironmental Requirements’ and ‘Economy-wide Impacts of Pollution in India: Meta Analysis’.Two issues of the newsletter, ‘Green Thoughts’were published during the year.

Projects/Policy Inputs

– The Centre continued its work on theproject ‘Economy-wide Impacts ofPollution in India: Meta Analysis’. Theproject aims to use meta-analysis ofstudies relating to air and water pollutionto assess macro-level estimates of overallimpacts of pollution in India.

– The Centre has prepared the draft reportof the project ‘Trade and Environment:India’s Export of Textile and Textile Productsand Environmental Requirements’addressing, inter-alia, issues like: status ofpollution abatement in textile industry inIndia, trade competitiveness of Indian textileindustry, assessment of pollution abatementcosts in textile industry (with focus on textileprocessing), and linkages between pollutionabatement and textile trade.

– The Centre has provided policy inputs tothe Ministry on ‘India 2030 – Vision foran Environmentally Sustainable Future’ –

A World Bank report; ‘NationalManufacturing Policy’; ‘Road Map forGreen National Accounting System’ andfor ‘Union Budget 2012-13’.

Environmental Economics Website

The Centre’s state-of-the-art website http://coe.mse.ac.in has been updated to make itmore user friendly. Efforts have been made toaugment the database on EnvironmentalEconomics literature. A number of Indianstudies have also been added to the database.The website is serving as one-stop destinationfor users interested in Environmental Economicsrelated issues in India. Under various sub-disciplines of Environmental Economics andResource Economics, about 7500 articlespublished in referred journals have beencategorized. This searchable database enablesthe users to access information and the abstractof the publications and also provides scope forcarrying out comprehensive literature review.

Newsletter

The Centre brought out two issues ofnewsletter, ‘Green Thoughts’, during 2011-12. The newsletters summarize the work doneat the Centre on various ongoing projects. Theissue of March 2011 focused on ‘WaterPollution and Waste Water Treatment’ andthe issue of November 2011 focused on‘Green Economy’.

Foundation for Revitalization ofLocal Health Tradition (FRLHT),Bengaluru

The Centre of Excellence on MedicinalPlants and Traditional Knowledge at Foundationfor Revitalization of Local Health Tradition(FRLHT), Bengaluru was initiated during 2002-03 to bring to the focus and address thevarious issues related to conservation andsustainable utilization of medicinal plants. Inthe course of its activities, the Centre hascreated a national Bio-cultural herbarium ofmedicinal plants and an ethno-medicinalgarden, both of which have very rich

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collections of Medicinal plants. Besides, theCentre engages in: a) pharmacognostic studieson the controversial plant raw drug groups intrade, b) building capacities of differentstakeholder groups about various issues relatedto medicinal plants, through its capacitybuilding courses, workshops and training, c)preparing a GIS based Atlas of distributionmaps of medicinal plants to help forestmanagers in planning conservation action, d)Well-referenced educational CD-ROMs onmedicinal plants used in Siddha, Unani andHomoeopathic systems of medicine.

Following are the highlights of the progressduring the year under its different key areas:

– Bio-Cultural Herbarium: Development ofunique Bio-cultural Herbarium of IndianMedicinal plants was one of the keytasks. Towards this end, the botanicalteam of the Centre engaged in floristicsurveys in different locations of TamilNadu, Karnataka, Kerala, AndhraPradesh, Rajasthan, Manipur, Meghalaya,Sikkim and Himachal Pradesh whichresulted in the collection of about 1300plant specimens corresponding to 150species.In order to make the collection at theHerbarium more Education friendly, thecollections were grouped around 10select themes. Further, 2500 images ofplants including their medicinal parts andhabitat, and scanned images of about550 Herbarium sheets were added to theimage library in an attempt to make itinto a Virtual one. During the year, about325 samples procured from differentmarkets and field sites from across thecountry were added to Raw drugrepository.

– Ethno-Medicinal Garden: During the year,the collections at the ethno medicinalgarden were further diversified by addingtwo more themes, vu., Endemic and Rareplants, Plants used in Unani system ofMedicine.

– Pharmacognosy Studies: During the year,Phyto-chemical screening of threeaccessions of Berberis aristata werecompleted. Profiling and quantificationof Embelin and Kiritiquinone in Vidangacandidates completed. Besides,Comparative phyto-chemical screeningof four abhavadravya candidates ofAtivisha-Musta done.

– Distribution Mapping: During the year,Geo-distribution maps for 250 speciesand Eco-distribution maps for 25 specieswere prepared. The revised and upgradedversion of Digital Atlas, incorporatingGeo-distribution and Geo-distributionmaps has been completed.

– Outreach (Training & Educational materialon Plants of ISM): Final draft of“Operational Guidelines for Conservationand Management of Medicinal Plantsresources in India” was circulated amongsubject experts. Course contents for theCapacity Building course on “MedicinalPlants Conservation” for the Front linestaff of Jharkhand was taken up.Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)with the Karnataka Knowledgecommission was signed, for sharing selectinformation in Kannada which will beuplinked to its Wikipedia portal.A prototype of the CD-ROM on “Plantsin Ashtanga Sangraha” was preparedand sent to subject experts for peer-review.

Tropical Botanic Garden andResearch Institute (TBGRI),Thiruvananthapuram

Tropical Botanic Garden and ResearchInstitute (TBGRI) was established byGovernment of Kerala as an autonomousR&D organization in 1979 to facilitateconservation and research on tropical plantresources in general and of the country andthe Kerala state in particular. The Institute wasbrought under the society established by the

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State Government namely “Kerala StateCouncil for Science, Technology andEnvironment” (KSCSTE) in 2003. The instituteis located at about 40 km northeast toThiruvananthapuram city and maintains a300 acre conservatory garden for the wildtropical plant genetic resources of the country,besides a well integrated multidisciplinaryR&D system dealing with conservation,management and sustainable utilization oftropical plant resources.

Activities undertaken so far

The Institute was recognized as aNational Centre of Excellence in ex-situconservation of tropical plants in 1997 anda number of significant achievements havebeen made by the Institute, some of which arelisted below:

– Development of Infrastructurefacilities for Eco-EducationThe Institute has established visitors centrefor dissemination of information and tocreate awareness among students. Forthis purpose, 50 exhibit materials havebeen developed on various eco systems.Nearly 32,000 visitors visited the gardenincluding the indoor stalls. 5,000brochures were printed and distributed.Public amenities like drinking water,nature trails and audio visual aids wereestablished.

– Collection of Endemic and RareEndangered & Threatened (RET)germplasmTwenty five explorations were conductedin the Western Ghats and 800 livespecimens representing 105 species werecollected. This material was used forstandardizing mass multiplication innatural habitat.

– Standardization of propagationtechniques of Rare Endangered& Threatened (RET) species.Standardization of propagation of

protocol has been envisaged under thescheme in assistance to botanic gardensin its Lead garden programme. Duringthe period, conventional propagationtechnique were standardized

– Establishment of RareEndangered & Threatened (RET)species parkThe park is developed in five acre plotand during the year 527 seedlings whichinclude 44 RET species and 52 Endemicof Western Ghats were accomplished.

– Reintroduction, Monitoring andEvaluationAbout 750 seedlings were reintroducedin natural condition in various parts ofWestern Ghat.

– Establishment of Herbarium andtraining in Integrated TaxonomyHerbarium was upgraded by constructing350 sq. mts as an additional space inthe 1st floor of existing building. Tenherbarium cabinets were added. Duringthe period 3000 species were identifiedand added in the Herbarium. A trainingprogramme was organized as part ofhuman resource development.

– Technical Assistance to SmallerBotanic GardensThe Institute assisted four organizations inthe region mostly colleges on explorationtrips, identifying plant specimens,supplying plant materials, assisting inlayout and construction of green housesetc.

Centre for Animals andEnvironment, CARTMAN, Bengaluru

The Project on Centre of Excellence forAnimals & Environment (CAE) awarded bythe Ministry to CARTMAN, Bengaluru in2000 and discontinued after two years foradministrative reasons was resumed during2009.

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The main objective of the Project is tostudy the mutual dependence andinter-relationship between the Animals(LIVESTOCK) and Environment (Plant Life)and initiate steps to preserve environment andto improve the health and welfare of animalsby making them more productive. Anotheractivity envisaged is to eliminate pollution ofenvironment caused by City based Abattoirsby providing alternate locations where animalsare born and reared. This would also resultin development of rural areas by retaining theValue added in the process in villages andnearby towns.

Activities undertaken during the year

The work taken up during the year 2011-12 is an extension of the two year projectby CARTMAN during the year 2009-2011.

This Centre is the only one havingcorrelation between Animals (Livestock) andEnvironment(Plant Life) for theirinterdependence and mutual benefit. Majoractivities undertaken under Livestock are onthe importance of Modernization of BullockCarts for better productivity, operationalefficiency and Animal friendliness and theother the Modernization and relocation ofSlaughter Houses from consideration ofLivestock Welfare, prevention of cruelty duringtransportation and slaughter, production ofhygienic meat, pollution control in cities andbetter utilization of by-products slaughter. Inrespect of Plant Life, CARTMAN has establisheda Bio Diversity Park in Bangalore City wherethere is Diversity comprising EndangeredSpecies, Medicinal Plants, Fruiting, Flowering,Ornamental and general purpose plants andtrees including a Navagraha Garden,Demonstration of Renewable Sources ofEnergy, Vermi composting, WaterConservation, etc. A building constructed willscreen educational programme for schoolchildren on Environment, Natural resourcesand sense, etc for their awareness andunderstanding.

Under the Project a Web Site “livestock-nature-development.org” has been hoisted forpersons to access information on Livestock,Conclusion and Recommendations on thework done under CAE Project and a specialfacility created under Technical Services wheredata and fabrication drawings on six type ofimproved carts can be accessed by thosewanting to fabricate CARTMAN’s ImprovedBullock Carts.

In collaboration with the KarnatakaVeterinary Animals and Fisheries ScienceUniversity (KVAFSU) the Centre would beundertaking training of persons in Meat tradefrom the points of view of Animal Welfare,Production of Hygenic Meat, Prevention ofCruelty to animals during transportation andslaughter, etc and also demonstrate modernmethods of Slaughter of animals.

During the year under Technical Servicesin our Web Site CARTMAN have hoistedGovernment schemes for funding assistanceon Modernization of Slaughter Houses, RuralAbattoirs, etc., for access by interested parties.

During the year under review, CARTMANplanted nearly 150 plants includingEndangered species of Medicinal Plants:

Endangered Species Nos.

of Medicinal Plants. 25

Coffee Plants 25

Jack fruit trees 20

Betall Nut trees 50

Banana trees 18

Veeti (Rosewood) 11

Sooseberry 4

Sapota 5

Mango 4

Butter fruit trees 2

Also developed two small plots for Flowersand Vegetables.

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Indira Gandhi ParyavaranPuraskar (IGPP)

Introduction and Objectives

In reverential memory of late PrimeMinister Smt. Indira Gandhi, the Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests, in the year 1987,instituted an award called “Indira GandhiParyavaran Puraskar “ to give recognition tothose having made or have the potential tomake the measurable and major impact in theprotection of environment. In the beginning,a cash prize of Rs.1,00,000/- was awardedto deserving individual/organization of India.Since 1991, the prize of Rs.1,00,000/- eachwere awarded separately to individual andorganizational category. From the year 2002,the prize money has been enhanced toRs.5,00,000/- in each category.Subsequently, the “Regulations” governing theIGPP was revised from the year 2005 onwards.As per the revised regulations, one prize ofRs.5,00,000/- under the Organisationcategory, and two prizes of Rs.3,00,000/-and Rs.2,00,000/- each to individuals in theIndividual category shall be given annually.As per the revised regulations from the year2009 onwards, two prizes of Rs.5,00,000/- each under the Organisation category, andthree prizes of Rs.5,00,000/-Rs.3,00,000/- and Rs.2,00,000/- each to individuals inthe Individual category shall be given annually.Along with the cash prize, each awardee isgiven a silver lotus trophy and a citation. Anycitizen of India or organization working inIndia for the cause of environment is eligiblefor the award. There is no age limit for thenomination for individual.

The regulations governing IGPP wasagain revised from the year 2010 onwards.As per the revised regulations, any citizenof India having at least 10 years workexperience in the field of Environment

(substantiated in support of his experience bypublished/ field work)/ NGO working inthe field of environment with at least fiveyears experience/ Environment and ForestsDepartments of States/ UTs/ State PollutionControl Board/ District Collector/ Magistratecan propose a name of any citizen ororganization of India who has at least fiveyears working experience in the field ofenvironment in the prescribed proforma. Selfnominations and nominations proposed byrelatives are not considered. Theadvertisement will be issued on 15th Julyevery year. The last date for receipt ofnominations shall be 15th September everyyear.

Short listing of the nomination is carriedout by three Expert Members selected by thePrime Minister’s Office. The environmentalPrize Committee constituted under theChairmanship of Hon’ble Vice President ofIndia select the awardees. The compositionof the Prize Committee is as follows:

– Vice –President of India (Chairman)

– Speaker of Lok Sabha

– Minister of Environment and Forests

– Three Expert Members

– Secretary Ministry of Environment andForests (Member Secretary)

The three Expert members are beingselected by PMO from a panel of 9 eminentenvironmentalists/eminent persons preparedby the Ministry of Environment and Forests.

While selecting the awardees the term“environment’ is interpreted in the broadestsense possible and comprising of followingareas of work:

– Prevention of Pollution.

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– Conservation of Natural Resources.

– Rational use of depletable resources.

– Environmental Planning and Management.

– Environmental Impact Assessment.

– Outstanding field work (innovativeresearch work) for enrichment ofenvironment e.g. afforestation, landreclamation, water treatment, airpurification etc.

– Environmental Education.

– Creating awareness of environmentalissues.

Present Status

For IGPP-2009, two awardees underorganization category have been selectedin the meeting of the Prize Committeeunder the Chairmanship of Hon’ble VicePresident of India held 29th June, 2011. Asno one was found suitable for award underindividual category Prize Committee formeda search Committee comprising of all thethree Experts to suggest few names to beconsidered under individual category. ThePrize Committee decided that after theverification of the suggested candidatesthe Ministry, these will be placed beforethe Prize Committee for selection ofawardees under individual category forIGPP-2009.

The nominations received for IGPP-2010have been processed. Short-listing of thenomination is being carried out by the threeexperts selected by PMO. The ground truthverification of the short-listed nominations willbe carried out by the Regional Officesconcerned of the Ministry.

Advertisements for inviting the nominationsfor IGPP, 2011 were issued in national dailieswith regional coverage on 15th July 2011.The nominations for IGPP-2011 under boththe individual and organization categoryhave been received. Various activities as perthe regulations applicable for IGPP-2011 areunder process.

Indira Priyadarshini Vriksha Mitra(IPVM) Awards

The Indira Priyadarshini Vriksha Mitra(IPVM) Awards were instituted in 1986 torecognize the pioneering and innovativecontribution made by individuals andinstitutions in the field of afforestation/wasteland development every year.

From the year 2011 the IPVM Awardshave been increased from existing fourcategories (since 2006) to following sevencategories:-

1. Individual - Forest Officers

2. Individual - Other than Forest Officers

3. Institutions/Organisations underGovernment

4. Joint Forest Management Committees(JFMCs) (six awards region-wise)

5. Non-profit making VoluntaryOrganisations (NGOs)

6. Corporate Sector (Private/Public SectorAgencies)

7. Eco-Clubs at School Level (covered underNational Green Corps Programme of theMinistry of Environment and Forests)

Note: i). Awards under category Individuals,both Forest Officers and others, should

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be in recognition of personal contributiondemonstrating extra efforts beyond callof routine duty.

ii) Officials (other than Forest Officers)working in Government Departmentsincluding Forest Department and privateindividuals will come under category 2.

iii) Six regions for the purpose of IPVMawards to JFMC will be North (Delhi,Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu &Kashmir, Punjab, Uttaranchal, UttarPradesh and UT of Chandigarh), East(Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa and WestBengal) West (Goa, Gujarat,Maharashtra, Rajasthan, UT of Dadara& Nagar Haveli, UT of Daman & Diuand UT of Lakshadweep) South (AndhraPradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu,UT of Andaman & Nicobar Islands, UTof Pondicherry) Central (MadhyaPradesh and Chhattisgarh) and NorthEast (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam,Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram,Nagaland, Sikkim and Tripura)

– Only one award is given in each category.

– Cash prize of Rs.2.5 lakhs along withMedallion and Citation is given for eachcategory.

– Nominations of Government servants/Govt. Institutions/Organizations areforwarded through the Head of the

Department/Organization concerned andthose from JFMCs may be forwarded bythe PCCF concerned.

The IPVM Awards for the year 2010were conferred on 19th November, 2010.Sh. A.T. Mishra, DFO Dhalbhum ForestDivision, Jamshedpur (Jharkhand) was givenaward under category “Individual includingGovernment Servant”. Forestry extension wingTamil Nadu Forest Department, Chennai undercategory “Institution/organizations underGovernment” and Village Forest Protection &Management Committee” Dani Talai Rajasthanunder category “Joint Forest ManagementCommittee” were also given award for theyear 2010.

The exercise for IPVM Awards for thecalender year 2011 is under process.

IPVM Awards for States and UnionTerritories

The IPVM Awards for States and UnionTerritories were instituted in the year 2008 forenhancing the percentage of Forest and TreeCover in States/UTs. The Awards are dividedinto three categories and only one award isgiven in each category (Table-49).

The IPVM Awards for States/UTs wereconferred upon on 19th November, 2010.Next IPVM Awards for States/UTs are due inthe calendar year 2012.

Table-49. Categories and prize of IPVM Awards

Sl.No. Category Award Awards for 2010

a) Big State having geographical areaof 80,000 Sq. Km and above Rs.8.00 lakhs (one) J&K

b) Small State having geographicalarea below 80,000 Sq.Km. Rs.5.00 lakhs (one) Mizoram

c) Union Territories Rs.5.00 lakhs (one) UT of Chandigarh

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Pitamber Pant NationalEnvironment Fellowship

Pitamber Pant National EnvironmentFellowship Award instituted in 1978 isawarded every year to encourage andrecognize excellence in any branch ofresearch related to the environmental sciences.The fellowship is awarded every year andis in recognition of significant importantresearch/development contributions and isalso intended to encourage talentedindividuals to devote themselves to R&Dpursuits in the field of environmental sciences.The duration of the fellowship is two years.So far, 27 fellowship Awards have beengiven to various Scientists throughout thecountry. Fellowship Awards for the year2007 and 2008 have been announcedwhile for the year 2009 and 2010nomination have been obtained and areunder process.

B.P.Pal National EnvironmentFellowship Award for Biodiversity

B.P.Pal National Environment FellowshipAward for Bio-diversity was instituted during1993 and is awarded annually with a viewto further develop, deepen and strengthen theexpertise on Bio-diversity available in thecountry.

The fellowship is in recognition ofsignificant important research and developmentcontributions and is also intended to encouragetalented individuals to devote themselves whole-time to R&D pursuits in the field of Bio-diversity. Duration of the fellowship is twoyears. So far, 10 Fellowship Awards havebeen awarded to various scientists throughoutthe country. Fellowship Awards for the year2007 and 2008 have been announced whilefor the year 2009 and 2010 nominationhave been obtained and are under process.

National Environmental SciencesFellows Programme

During the year 2009-10 the Ministryhas launched to institute the MoEF – NationalEnvironmental Sciences Fellows Programmefor Indian Scientist desirous of working at theforefront of environmental sciences andengineering with a focus on problem solvingenvironmental research in collaboration withten top environment schools in India to beginwith, who would be functioning as hostInstitutions. The areas of research to beundertaken in the thrust areas have beenidentified by the Ministry. During the year2011-12, three fellowships have been initiated.

Mahatma Gandhi Chair for Ecologyand Environment

The Ministry has started new chair forinstitution of Mahatma Gandhi Chair forEcology and Environment during the year2009-10. The selected Fellow for the Chairwill work on one of the thrust areas ofResearch identified by the Ministry. The Fellowcould be from any discipline of Science,Engineering, Social Work, Art and Humanities.There is no upper age limit. The candidatemust be at the level of a University Professoror equivalent grade Scientist in his parentInstitution either serving or superannuated.

The Ministry has set up Mahatma GandhiChair for Ecology and Environment at theCentre for Biodiversity Studies in Baba GhulamShah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu andKashmir. The process for selection of the chairhas been completed.

E.K. Janaki Ammal National Awardon Taxonomy

Biological diversity refers to the variabilityin the living organisms and the ecosystems ofwhich they form part. Preservation of biological

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diversity is vital for maintaining ecologicalbalance and for evolutionary processes. It hasdirect bearing on food security, agriculture,medicine, industry etc. The advances inbiotechnology and development of productsbased on the use of biological resources areincreasingly becoming motivating factor forgreater use of biological resources.

Taxonomy is the science of identification,classification and naming of living organisms.Taxonomic work involves study ofmorphological characteristics andphylogenetic relationship of organisms whichis essential for applied biological sciences,such as medicine, agriculture, forestry andfisheries. Development of biotechnologies andtheir industrial applications depend heavilyon taxonomy. Current requirements oftaxonomic work and available expertise andstudies indicate urgent need for encouragingexcellence and for motivating experts to workin hitherto neglected groups of organisms e.g.microbes, lower groups of plants, animalsetc. The challenge is quite serious, as whilethe existing expertise is ageing and retiring,not many young scholars are opting forstudies in taxonomy.

In order to encourage work of excellencein taxonomy and also to encourage youngstudents and scholars to work in this field ofscience, this award, named after the late Prof.E. K. Janaki Ammal was instituted in the year1999. Late Prof. Janaki Ammal did taxonomicwork of outstanding merit and excellence,particularly in the area of cytotaxonomy andhas been a source of inspiration to manyyoung scientists.

Initially there was one Award onTaxonomy covering all the three fields viz.Botany, Zoology and study of Micro-organisms.It has now been decided to enlarge the scopeof the Award and increase the number of

Awards to two, one each for excellence inPlant and Animal Taxonomy. The outstandingwork done in Microorganisms will also beeligible for consideration under either of thetwo categories, as the case may be. The twoAwards will be known as ‘E.K. Janaki AmmalNational Award on Plant Taxonomy’ and ‘E.K. Janaki Ammal National Award on AnimalTaxonomy’.

The award will be given on the 5th June,coinciding with the World Environment Day.Each award will carry Rs.1,00,000/- in cashalong with a citation, scroll and Medallion.The Awards will be given to the Taxonomistsselected by a Selection Committee, under theChairmanship of Secretary (E&F), constitutedfor this purpose.

National Awards for Prevention ofPollution and Rajiv GandhiEnvironment Award for CleanTechnology

The National Awards for Prevention ofPollution and the Rajiv Gandhi EnvironmentAward for Clean Technology are given eachyear, in the following identified categories ofhighly polluting industries, which have madea significant and measurable contributiontowards development or use of cleantechnologies, products or practices that preventpollution and find innovative solution toenvironmental problems:-

Large Scale industries:

1) Sugar 2) Fertilizer 3) Cement 4)Fermentation and Distillery 5) Aluminium 6)Petro-chemicals 7) Thermal Power 8) CausticSoda 9) Oil Refinery 10) Sulphuric Acid 11)Tanneries 12) Copper Smelting 13) ZincSmelting 14) Iron and Steel 15) Pulp andPaper 16) Dye and Dye Intermediates 17)Pesticides 18) Pharmaceuticals.

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Small Scale Industries:

1) Tanneries 2) Pulp and Paper 3) Dyeand Dye Intermediates 4) Pesticides 5)Pharmaceuticals.

The National Awards for Prevention ofPollution are bestowed on 23 industries (18large scale and 5 small scale industries), oneeach for the above mentioned categories ofindustries based upon their performance duringthe Award financial year.

The Rajiv Gandhi Environment Award forClean Technology is given to the one whichis the best among these industries, particularlyfrom the angle of adoption of the cleantechnology. The Awards comprise a CashAward of Rupees Two lakh in addition to asilver Trophy and a Citation.

The National Award for Prevention ofPollution for the year 2009-2010 wasawarded to M/s Ultra Tech Cement Limited,Vikram Cement Works, Neemuch, MadhyaPradesh (under the Cement category) and M/s Aban Power Company Limited, Thanjavur,Tamil Nadu (under the Thermal Powercategory) for their commendable effortstowards conservation of energy and water,reduction in waste generation and commitmenttowards maintaining a safe, clean and healthyenvironment

Nominations were invited for the NationalAwards for Prevention of Pollution and theRajiv Gandhi Environment Award for CleanTechnology for the year 2010-2011. Sixtyseven nominations have been received for theAwards for the year 2010-2011 andevaluation of the same are being processedfor consideration of Award SelectionCommittee.

Awards in the Wildlife Division

Wildlife Division in the Ministry providesthe Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation Award,the Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife ProtectionAward and fellowships, namely, the Salim AliFellowship and Kailash Shankhla Fellowshipfor outstanding work in the field of wildlifeconservation.

Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife ConservationAward

The Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife ConservationAward is given annually for significantcontribution in the field of wildlife conservationwhich has made, or has the potential tomake, a major impact on the protection andconservation of wildlife in the country. Twoawards of Rupees One lakh are given toeducation and research institutions,organisations, forest and wildlife officers/research scholars or scientists/wildlifeconservationists. During the year, process forgrant of the award for the year 2010 hasbeen undertaken, and the finalisation of theawards is under consideration.

Amrita Devi Bishnoi WildlifeProtection Award

The Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife ProtectionAward is given for significant contribution inthe field of wildlife protection, which isrecognised as having shown exemplarycourage or having done exemplary work forthe protection of wildlife. Two cash awardsof Rupees One lakh is presented to individualsand institutions involved in wildlife protection.During the year, process for grant of theaward for the year 2010 has been undertaken,and the finalisation of the awards is underconsideration.

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Salim Ali Fellowship and KailashSankhla Fellowship Awards

In order to commemorate the memory ofthe two great wildlife conservationists of thecountry, Shri Kailash Sankhla and Dr. SalimAli, the Ministry of Environment and Forestsawards these two fellowships alternativelyeach year. The objective is to inspire andpromote the country’s wildlife managers andscientists to take up research or experimental

projects aimed at conserving the rich wildlifeheritage of India. The fellowship is awardedfor a period of two years with a stipend ofRupees 4,000 per month. In addition, anamount of Rupees 18,000 per annum is givenfor meeting contingency expenses. Dr. SalimAli National Wildlife Fellowship for the year2011 is awarded to Ms. Monica, SeniorResearch Fellow, Wildlife Institute of India,Chandrabani, Dehradun (Uttarakhand).

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Environmental Information System(ENVIS)Introduction

Environmental information plays a vitalrole not only in formulating environmentalmanagement policies but also in the decisionmaking process aiming at environmentalprotection and improvement of environmentfor sustaining good quality of life for the livingbeings. Hence, management of environmentis key component and thus plays an importantrole in effecting a balance between thedemands and resources available for keepingthe environmental quality at a satisfactorylevel. Realizing such need Ministry set up anEnvironmental Information System (ENVIS) in1983 as a plan programme as acomprehensive network in environmentalinformation collection, collation, storage,retrieval and dissemination to varying users,which include decision-makers, researchers,academicians, policy planners and researchscientists, etc.

ENVIS was conceived as a distributedinformation network with the subject-specificcenters to carry out the mandates and toprovide the relevant and timely information toall concerned. Further, association of thevarious State Governments/UTs was also feltnecessary in promoting the ENVIS network tocover a wide range of subjects. The subjectarea for States/UTs ENVIS Centers was thestatus of environment and related issues. Thus,the network was expanded gradually with theinvolvement of thematic subject-areas andState Government/UT departments to make ita more comprehensive environmentalinformation network.

ENVIS network at present consists of achain of 67 network partners out of which 39are on subject-specific and 28 on State/UTrelated issues. These network partners arecalled ENVIS Centers and are located in thenotable organizations/institutions/State/UTGovernment Departments/Universities

throughout the country. The focal point ofENVIS is located in the Ministry and assiststhe Environment Information (EI) Division incoordinating the activities of all the ENVISnetwork partners by making ENVIS a web-enabled comprehensive information system.The list of ENVIS network partners is givenat Annexure-IX.

Objectives

The long-term and short-term objectives ofEnvironmental Information System (ENVIS)are as follows:

Long-Term Objectives

– To build up a repository and disseminationCenter in Environmental Science andEngineering;

– To gear up state-of-art technologies ofinformation acquisition, processing,storage, retrieval and dissemination ofenvironmental nature;

– To support and promote research,development and innovation inenvironmental information technology.

Short-Term Objectives

– To provide national environmentalinformation service relevant to presentneeds and capable of meeting the futureneeds of the users, originators, processorsand disseminators of information.

– To build up storage, retrieval anddissemination capabilities, with theultimate objective of disseminatinginformation speedily to the users.

– To promote national and internationalcooperation and liaison for exchange ofenvironment related information.

– To promote, support and assist educationand personnel training programmesdesigned to enhance environmentalinformation processing and utilizingcapabilities.

– To promote and exchange of environmentrelated information amongst developingcountries.

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Progress / Achievements carried outduring the year

The ENVIS network comprising both onthe subject-specific areas and status ofenvironment and related issues establishedunder ENVIS scheme continued its information-related activities, database development,publication of requisite information packagesthrough newsletters, abstracting services, etc.and also the query-response services during

the year. This was done by updating andmaintaining an information base that includesboth descriptive information as well asnumerical data. Descriptive information in theform of publications, reports, reprints andabstracts on related subjects is stored fordissemination. Numerical data on the samesubject are collected, compiled, processedand analyzed for the purpose of dissemination.Documentation in the form of publications

Fig-67. Ministry’s website at URL: http://moef.gov.in

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and reports are brought out. All the informationthus compiled is made available on thewebsites of the respective Centers.

– ENVIS focal point in the Ministry isresponsible for maintenance and updationof the website of the Ministry (url: http://www.moef.gov.in) and disseminatinginformation through the website to allconcerned. Information in the Ministry’swebsite was continuously updated byENVIS focal point throughout the year.The website (Fig.-67) has also beenlinked with the various Divisions of theMinistry in order to have up-to-dateinformation on the subjects concerned.Besides, the website also regularlyprovides information on new updates ofthe Ministry, response to media reportsand other important issues of the Ministryfrom time to time with the objective ofdisseminating such information to allconcerned. The website recorded a hugenumber of hits per month reflecting theusage of website by various national andinternational users. Ministry’s website hasbeen revamped with better look, contentand design adopting latest technologiesand keeping in view the guidelines fordevelopment and management ofgovernment website to make it moretransparent and user friendly. The processof migrating the website on an open-source content management system (CMS)has been initiated during the year. Thenew website will be more user friendly,database driven and dynamic withmodern features such as browserindependence and compatibility withmobile devices.

– A portal of ENVIS at url: http://www.envis.nic.in connecting all theENVIS network partners is updatedregularly by the focal point. The portalacts as a catalyst for inter-center interactionand for information on several broadcategories of subject related to

environment under which the Centershave been established. The websites ofall the ENVIS network partners could bedirectly accessed from the homepage ofthe portal giving information on majorevents, activities and current updates ofthe entire network. The ENVIS portal hasbeen redesigned to give it a better lookand make it user friendly. Onlinemonitoring and evaluation system forENVIS Network partners on a regularbasis via the ENVIS Portal is underprocess of implementation.

– The audit of 36 ENVIS Network websitesis in process with assistance from NationalInformatics Centre (NIC) with respect toWeb Security Guidelines issued by IndianComputer Emergency Response Team(CERT-In). The websites will be bilinguali.e., English and Hindi or a regionallanguage and will have features likearchival process, dedicated sections forevents/announcements, State ofEnvironment (SoE) Reports and PhotoGallery etc. There will be secure controlpanel for ENVIS Centers to submit theirmonthly report, publications etc.

– A two-day user consultation workshop onrestructuring and security audits of ENVISnetwork websites was organized withassistance from NIC held on 4-5th May,2011 at Van Vigyan Bhawan, NewDelhi in connection with redesigning,cyber security audit and identification/removal of vulnerabilities of identified 36ENVIS Websites. Cyber security issueswere discussed at length by CyberSecurity Division NIC (CSDNIC). Theparticipating ENVIS Centers activelyinteracted with the experts and peercenters on the subject. The template forENVIS Centers was also finalized in thisworkshop.

– Query-Answer Service is one of themajor responsibilities of ENVIS Network.The ENVIS focal point and all its partners

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responded to a large number of queriesduring the year and provided substantiveinformation as far as possible. The ENVISnetwork responded to more than1,50,000 queries during the 11th Planperiod on various subject areas onenvironment and its allied disciplines.Wherever, information is not readilyavailable, the network provided ‘ReferralService’ to the concerned users. Themajor subject areas on which the querieswere responded pertain to climatechange, ozone layer, environmentalconservation, environmental standards,environmental education and awareness,water and air pollution, wastemanagement and environmental lawsetc.

– ENVIS focal point coordinated andpublished the Annual Report 2010-11 ofthe Ministry and got it distributed tovarious Central and State GovernmentDepartments, professional institutions,universities, research organizations,embassies/High Commissions of variouscountries in India, etc. The electronicversions of current and previous AnnualReports are also available on the websiteof the Ministry.

– As a follow-up to the Hon’ble Presidentof India’s address to the Joint Session ofthe Parliament on June 4, 2009,Environmental Information Division of theMinistry published the first ‘Report to thePeople on Environment and Forests 2009-10’. The purpose of the Report is togenerate a national debate onenvironmental issues, which will form thebasis for suitable revision in the policyframework, wherever required andultimately result in improved performancein Environment and Forests Sector. TheReport has been hosted in the Ministry’swebsite and widely distributed to all thestakeholders concerned. The preparationof Report to the People on Environment

and Forests for the year 2010-11 isunder process.

– The functioning of the ENVIS Networkwas monitored and evaluated by aScientific Advisory Committee under theChairmanship of Secretary (E&F). Thesuggested recommendations for theimprovement of network made by theScientific Advisory Committee held on25th June, 2010 have been implemented/are in process of being implemented.

– At the instance of the Scientific AdvisoryCommittee, a sub-Committee under theChairmanship of Statistical Advisor andrepresentatives from Finance and othersubject Divisions was constituted videNotification dated 19th August, 2010 tolook into various aspects of the Schemeincluding framing new guidelines andalso to strengthen the Scheme. TheCommittee has since submitted its report.Necessary follow-up action is being takenthereon.

– ENVIS Scheme is under the process ofconsolidation by rationalising the subjectareas by closing some of the non-performing Centres. Accordingly, nineCentres have been closed. Besides, arevised Standing Finance Committee (SFC)proposal of the ENVIS scheme is underfinalization.

Activities of Some of ENVIS NetworkPartners during Year 2011-12

– ENVIS at Bombay Natural History Society(BNHS ENVIS), Mumbai—The BNHSENVIS deals with information on ‘AvianEcology and Inland Wetlands’. Activitiesof BNHS ENVIS during 2011-12 includedcreation of a bibliographic database ofpublished literature related to avianecology study; publication of newsletter;creation of databases on avian ecology;and query response services. The Center,in collaboration with Global BiodiversityInformation Facility (GBIF), Denmark and

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Wildlife Institute of India (WII), Dehradun,published first peer-reviewed descriptionof Indian bird dataset entitled, ‘Literaturebased species occurrence data of birdsof North-East India’ in ZooKeys Journalin November 2011. The Center hasreplied to around 272 queries on AvianEcology in 2011-12. The Center’s websiteat url: http://bnhsenvis.nic.in is availablein English, Hindi and Marathi. The websiteprovides access to download publishedissues of newsletter ‘BUCEROS’ alongwith databases and other publications.

– ENVIS at Botanical Survey of India (BSIENVIS), Howrah, West Bengal—The BSIENVIS develops databases on its assignedarea of thrust, i.e., floral diversity. Someof these databases include: Rare,Endangered and Threatened Plants ofIndia (3 volumes), Common MedicinalPlants of West Bengal (in regionallanguage), Some Allergic Pollen of IndianAngiosperms, etc. During year 2011-12,the activities of the Center includedpublishing of regular Newsletter,abstracts, books and pictorial guides ofplants. The Center also provided query-answering services to national andinternational institutions. The Center canbe accessed at url: http://bsienvis.nic.in.

– ENVIS at Center for Advanced Study inMarine Biology (CASMB ENVIS),Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu—CASMBENVIS is housed at Faculty of MarineScience Annamalai University to offer itsservices to the stakeholders. The Centerworked on creation and updation ofdatabases on estuaries, mangroves, coralreefs and lagoons. The databases areavailable on Center’s website at url:http://casmbenvis.nic.in. During 2011-12, CASMB ENVIS collected andcatalogued 6728 abstracts and reprintsof the scientific publications related tothematic area and also updated 5454abstracts on the website. Center’s books,

both English and Tamil, newsletters andother publications are also available onthe website. The Center has completedtwo bibliography books on IndianEstuaries and Indian Corals in the year2011-12.

– ENVIS Center on Environment Education(CEE ENVIS), Ahmedabad—During year2011-12, the ENVIS Center onEnvironment Education catered to theinformation needs of environmentaleducators and other interested groups,through various means: i) Green Teacher(url: http://greenteacher.org) the websitefor the CEE ENVIS; ii) query-responseservice to respond to information requestson any aspect of EE; iii) A quarterlynewsletter ‘Education for Change’ whichis also available online on Center’swebsite to disseminate information onEE; iv) EE Bank, a computerized databaseof concepts, activities, case studies andother resources; v) CEE-InformationService Center (CEE-ISC), a collection ofbooks, periodicals and a variety of non-print materials. Some of these databasesare also available on the Green Teacherwebsite. The Center has developed over400 publications on a range of themesand topics related to EnvironmentEducation. The green teacher websiteholds CEE online catalogue with 37000entries while there are 234 videos and35 articles on the thrust areas.

– ENVIS at CPR Environment EducationCenter, (CPREEC ENVIS), Chennai—Thethrust of CPREEC ENVIS lies in 8 specificareas, namely, sacred plants, groves,gardens, animals, mountains, rivers, waterbodies and precincts of India. Its website(url: http://cpreecenvis.nic.in) hasreceived about 32,000 hits in 2011.During the year 2011-12, more than 20queries have been answered. The April-September 2011 issue of the bi-annualENVIS Newsletter has been published

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and the October 2011-March 2012issue is under print. The Center is currentlyin the process of documenting ecologicaltraditions of Madhya Pradesh.

– Department of Environment, Governmentof Tamil Nadu, Chennai—With a thrustarea on state of environment and relatedissues in Tamil Nadu, the ENVIS Centerat Department of Environment works forcreation of environmental databases ofTamil Nadu state. During the year 2011-12, the Center revamped the biodiversitydatabase to a searchable format andupdated the fungal database on itswebsite at url: http://tnenvis.nic.in. TheCenter also brought out three subject-specific Newsletters, a book entitled ‘AnIdentification Field Manual to the ForestTrees of Tamil Nadu’ and a studentmanual in Tamil entitled ‘Environment:An Overview’ for NGC school students.The ENVIS Center also updatedinformation to the ISBEID database underall modules.

– ENVIS at Environment Management andPolicy Research Institute, (EMPRI ENVIS),Bangalore— During 2011-12, the EMPRIENVIS brought out regular newsletters onissues, namely, Conservation of WaterBodies, E-Waste, Climate Change,Rainwater Harvesting, National GreenCorps and Eco-Tourism. Implementationof open source library software forcataloguing compiled research media atEMPRI is in progress. Center’s websiteat url: http://emprienvis.nic.in hosts dataon geophysical profile, demographicsand administration of Karnataka. Thework on website related to developmentof concept note for web-enabled spatialdatabase portal for conservation of lakesas well as upgradation of ENVIS site forhandling dynamic data related to themeslike biodiversity etc. is in progress. TheCenter also updated the ISBEID databaseon all 17 modules during 2011-12

which provides access to the informationon state of environment and relatedissues.

– ENVIS at National Botanical ResearchInstitute (NBRI ENVIS), Lucknow—Duringthe year 2011-12, NBRI ENVIS publishednewsletters on Phytoremediation,Nanoparticles and Algal Biofuel forcirculation among different stakeholdersin India. NBRI ENVIS website (url: http://nbrienvis.nic.in) has been redesigned toimprove the clarity and ease of accessfor users.

– ENVIS at National Institute ofOccupational Health, (NIOH ENVIS),Ahmedabad—Housed at National Instituteof Occupational Health, Ahmedabad,NIOH ENVIS Center brings out newslettersand bibliographies in the field ofoccupational and environmental health.During 2011-12, the Center publishedNewsletters on Indoor Air Pollution,Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD);Occupational Accidents and Injuries andBibliographies on MSD and Accidentsand Injuries. A scientific paper on‘Knowledge and attitude regardingmercury handling and disposal in schoolchildren’ was published in Journal ofWaste Management Research. Center’swebsite at url: http://niohenvis.in hasbeen redesigned and hosted on NICdomain.

– ENVIS Center on Hygiene, Sanitation,Sewage Treatment Systems andTechnology, (Sulabh ENVIS), NewDelhi—The thrust area of Sulabh ENVISis Hygiene, Sanitation, and SewageTreatment Systems and Technologies.Besides regular annual reports, newslettersand query response services, the Centerhas also published a few books such asHospital Sanitation and Bio-medicalWaste Management: An IntegratedApproach and School Sanitation, Hygieneand Health. The Center got recognition

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from Stockholm International WaterInstitute for its activities during StockholmWater Prize 2009 at Sweden. TheCenter’s website (url: http://sulabhenvis.nic.in) provides informationon all environmental sanitationtechnologies along with those developedby Sulabh.

– ENVIS at The Energy Resources Institute,(TERI ENVIS), Delhi—The Center worksfor identification of information gaps inthe renewable energy and environmentalsectors. Efforts are also made to bridgethese gaps by organizing disseminationactivities through journal publishing, query-response services, document-deliveryservices, capacity-building initiatives andrelated activities. During 2011-12, theCenter brought out TERI Information Digeston Energy and Environment (TIDEE)journal and eNewsletter on RenewableEnergy and Environment (eNREE). TheCenter has also developed different onlinedatabases including full-text literaturedatabase on the identified subject areaand expert directories for users. The TERIENVIS website at url: http://terienvis.nic.in hosts rich collection ofvalue added contents consisting of casestudies, technologies, news, events, full-text and abstract databases, directories,GIS maps and other resources.

– ENVIS at Worldwide Fund for Nature -India, (WWF-India ENVIS), New Delhi—The ENVIS Center on ‘NGOs, Mediaand Parliament Matters related toEnvironment’ located at WWF-India, NewDelhi has developed a database onNGO profiles published in the 9th Editionof its Directory of NGOs in India . TheCenter has also completed the data andanalyzed the parliament-related queriesand questions for the calendar year,2010 and 2011 which is available tousers. The Center can be accessed onlineat url: http://wwfenvis.nic.in.

– ENVIS at Zoological Survey of India,(ZSI ENVIS), Kolkata—ZSI ENVIS is oneof the major sources of digital researchinformation on faunal diversity of India.Its data sink is one of the most extensiveand authentic sources on the subject tothe scientists and researchers in India andabroad. The major activities of ZSI ENVISduring 2011-12 included collection andstorage of data on faunal diversity ofdifferent Protected Areas (PAs), naturereserves, important wetlands;bibliographic references on Indiananimals, endangered and scheduledanimals. The ZSI ENVIS has also workedon development of state faunal databaseand digitization of data on registeredmaterial of the National ZoologicalCollection (NZC). The Center alsobrought out regular Newsletters andother relevant documents on faunaldiversity and their utility. The databaseand information is available on Center’swebsite at url: http://zsienvis.nic.in.

Indian State Level BasicEnvironmental Information Database(ISBEID)

In order to develop databases onenvironment and its related parameters andto make it online for to and fro informationflow, a web-enabled software, namely, IndianState Level Basic Environmental InformationDatabase (ISBEID) was developed incollaboration with National Informatics Center(NIC). The objective for development of thissoftware is to cover the gaps in environmentaldata dissemination with regard to vastparameters such as air pollution, waterpollution, forestry, land resources, flora andfauna. Developed in-house, the software consistsof 17 modules to help state governmentcenters to collect, compile and disseminateinformation at state level on the selectedmodules and fill in the data online in acentralized server.

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A management information system (MIS)software module for spatial interface with GISapplication in the ISBEID software has beendeveloped by NIC. The major objectives ofthe software are to (i) develop an internetbased GIS application, (ii) provide one-stopinformation source to the users, (iii) interactivemaps capable of handling operations likezoom in/out, pan, print, measure etc. and (iv)querying the database interactively.

Initially the database, consisting of 23modules in various environmental fields, wastested on pilot basis by eight states with 12modules in two phases. During the two phasesof the programme, it was observed that therewere some practical problems in collectingthe data and filling the database software.After deliberations it was decided that theexisting 23 modules will be revisited andrevised in consultation with all the State/UTENVIS Centers and to extend the ISBEIDproject for all the States/UTs. Accordingly,the database modules were revised inconsultation with the state ENVIS Centers ina workshop organized for this purpose atHyderabad during 7-8 June, 2010 and finallythe number of modules has been reduced to17. Simultaneously, the ISBEID programme isbeing extended to all the State/UT ENVISCenters throughout the country in collaborationwith NIC. The database software for therevised 17 modules is complete and has beengiven to the State/UT ENVIS Centers forentering data in the MIS software. Thedevelopment of the GIS interface software isin progress.

– A two-day user workshop of ISBEID wasorganized in collaboration with NIC atNew Delhi during 12-13 May, 2011with all State ENVIS Centers and officialsfrom Ministry, NIC and other experts.The objective of the workshop was tofamiliarize the ENVIS Centers staff withthe use of MIS and GIS modules ofISBEID software. The NIC team

demonstrated how to use the MISmodules, enter the spatial information inthe input forms and generate variousreports from the ISBEID software database.The team also received the suggestionsto improve the interface from theparticipants. Discussions were also heldon various aspects including how tostrengthen the ENVIS Scheme.

State of Environment Reporting(SoER) Scheme

– During the 10th Plan period, Ministrylaunched SoER scheme for which 100%central assistance was provided to theStates/UTs to prepare their State ofEnvironment Reports. The scheme forpreparation of State of Environment Reportwith the objective of highlighting theupstream and downstream linkages withenvironmental issues besides creating abaseline document in the form of SoEReport in each State/UTs continued duringthe 11th Five Year Plan. During the Year2011-12, the SoE Reports for the statesof Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh andHyderabad city have been printed. TheSoE Reports for the states of ArunachalPradesh, Karnataka, Tripura, Jammu &Kashmir, Union Territory of Lakshadweepand metro city of Chennai are in progress.

Statistical Cell

– The role of Statistical Cell in the Ministryinter alia includes assistance to differentDivisions of the Ministry in providingStatistical inputs and also to liaison withother Central Ministries/ Organizations/other national and international agenciesin the matter of environment and forestrystatistics. During the year the Cell providedinputs for various publications of CentralStatistical Organizations on environmentand forests.

– Environmental Information Division hasbeen representing the Ministry andproviding inputs in various Committees of

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the Government, especially thoseconstituted by Ministry of Statistics andProgramme Implementation such as‘Development of Database on ClimateChange’, ‘Issues in the Estimation of GDPof Forestry Sector’ etc. It also providednecessary information for publication ofCompendium of Environmental Statistics,Statistical Abstracts, etc., periodically asper the recommendation of the NationalStatistical Commission.

– Statistical Advisor has been nominatedby the Ministry to act as Nodal Officerfor the Development Information System(DevInfo), a database system formonitoring human development. It is atool for organizing, storing and presentingdata in a uniform way to facilitate datasharing at the country, regional andglobal levels across governmentdepartments, UN organizations, civilsociety organizations and developmentpartners. It is funded by eight UNorganizations.

Information and Facilitation Counter(IFC)

– The Information & Facilitation Counter atParyavaran Bhawan has been functioningfor over 6 years with the assistance ofCenter for Environment Education, aCenter of Excellence supported underthis Ministry. The IFC is equipped witha helpdesk, touch screen computer andopen display area to guide the visitors.

– IFC continued to disseminate the Ministry’spublications such as Annual Reports,Brochures, Journals, Newsletters, ResearchGuidelines, Awards Guidelines, andFunding Schemes etc. It is also providingguidance regarding application procedurefor various schemes of the Ministry alongwith the information about the status ofvarious applications submitted to theMinistry. The priced publications of theMinistry are available at the IFC.

– IFC also helps in receiving the RTIapplications from applicants under the‘in-person’ option.

NGO Cell

A Non-Governmental Organization(NGO) Cell has been set up in the Ministryto handle various matters relating to NGO’sworking in diverse fields of environment. Thebasic functions of the Cell are:

– Collection and dissemination ofinformation to various NGOs.

– Liaison with different Ministries/Departments and other Governmentagencies on various issues includingcreating a database relating to NGOsworking in the field of environment andits associated areas.’Besides replying to Parliament Questions/

Assurances, the NGO Cell also disposed of12 number of RTI applications.

National/International Conventions/Meetings/Seminars

EI Division has been actively associatedwith the Fifth Global Environment Outlook(GEO) Programme of UNEP. The StatisticalAdvisor attended the following multi-stakeholder Consultations/High-LevelIntergovernmental Advisory Panel meetings.

– The Statistical Advisor was nominated bythe Ministry of Environment & Forests toattend the Global Intergovernmental andMulti-stakeholder Consultations at Nairobifrom 29-31st March, 2010. The purposeof the Consultations was to initiate GlobalEnvironmental Outlook-5 (GEO-5)process.

– The Statistical Advisor attended the SecondHigh-Level Intergovernmental AdvisoryPanel at Geneva during 15-17th June,2011. The purpose of the panel was toadvise on the key message for inclusioninto the Summary of Policy Makers (SPM),a publication of GEO-5 process.

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– The Statistical Advisor also participatedin the Joint Meeting of Coordinating LeadAuthors (CLA) of the SPM Drafting Groupand the GEO-5 High-LevelIntergovernmental Advisory Grouporganized by UNEP during 28-29th

November, 2011 at Geneva.– CBD’s Sub-regional Capacity Building

Workshop for South Asia on the Clearing-House Mechanism (CHM) was held atForest Survey of India, Dehradun during12-16th December, 2011. The Workshopwas attended by Statistical Advisor ShriNilkanth Ghosh and Dr. P.S. RawatDeputy Director among other dignitaries.The purpose of the workshop was toshare experience and vision related tothe development of national clearing-house mechanism of the participatingcountries and enable participants to have

a good understanding of the situationand challenges in a particular nationalcontext. The Advisor presented theenvironmental information system of Indiaacting as the National CHM. The ENVIShas been designated as National CHMfor Bio-diversity on behalf of the MoEF.

– Intergovernmental Meeting on GEO-5Report of the Summary for Policy Makerswas held at Gwangju, Republic of Koreaduring 28-31st January, 2012 to negotiatethe document “Summary for PolicyMakers” under GEO-5 process. TheStatistical Advisor attended the saidMeeting.

– SACEP organized “Inception and TrainingWorkshop on Establishment ofEnvironmental Data and InformationManagement System for South Asia inColombo, Sri Lanka on 9-10th February,

Fig-68. Innauguration of Sub-Regional Capacity-Building Workshop for South Asia on the Clearing House Mechanismfrom 12-16th December, 2011, at Forest Survey of India, Dehradun

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2012. A team of Statistical Advisor andDeputy Secretary (IC) was representedon behalf of the Ministry. A presentationon Environmental Information System ofIndia was given by the Statistical Advisor.

Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar(IGPP)

– In reverential memory of the late PrimeMinister, Smt. Indira Gandhi, The Ministryof Environment and Forests in the year1987, instituted an award called IndiraGandhi Paryavaran Puraskar (IGPP). Asper existing regulations two prizes ofRs.5.0 lakh each under the Organisationcategory, and three prizes of Rs.5.0lakh, Rs.3.0 lakh and Rs.2.0 lakh eachto individuals in the Individual categoryare being given annually along with asilver lotus trophy and a citation.

– For IGPP-2009, two awardees underorganization category have been selectedin the meeting of the Prize Committeeunder the Chairmanship of Hon’ble VicePresident of India held on 29th June,2011. Decision regarding selection ofawardees under Individual category isunder process. The nominations receivedfor IGPP-2010 have been processed.Short-listing of the nomination is beingcarried out by the three experts selectedby PMO. Advertisements for inviting thenominations for IGPP, 2011 were issuedin national dailies with regional coverageon 15th July, 2011. The nominations forIGPP-2011 under both the individual andorganization category have been receivedand various activities as per theregulations applicable for IGPP-2011are under process.

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Policy and Law

Introduction

The Policy and Law Division of theMinistry is partly implementing the Schemes“Assistance for Abatement of Pollution,Environment Policy and Law” and“Establishment of Environment Commissionsand Tribunals “ and providing legislative andInstitutional support to other thematic divisionswhenever needed for any amendment toEnvironment (Protection) Act, 1986 orimplementation of the National EnvironmentPolicy 2006, National Green Tribunal Act,2010, Ecomark Scheme and work relatingto setting up of National EnvironmentAssessment and Monitoring Authority(NEAMA).

The National Green Tribunal Act,2010

The National Green Tribunal (NGT)has been established under the NationalGreen Tribunal Act, 2010 on 18th October,2010 for the effective and expeditious disposalof cases related to environmental protectionand conservation of forests and other naturalresources including enforcement of any legalright relating to environment and giving reliefand compensation for damages to personsand property and for matters connectedtherewith or incidental thereto. It is aspecialized body equipped with the necessaryexpertise to handle environmental disputesinvolving multidisciplinary issues. The Tribunalshall not be bound by the procedure laiddown under the Code of Civil Procedure,1908, but shall be guided by principles ofnatural justice.

The Tribunal’s dedicated jurisdiction inenvironmental matters shall provide speedyenvironmental justice and help reduce theburden of litigation in the higher Courts. TheTribunal is mandated to make an endeavor

for disposal of applications or appeals finallywithin six months of filing of the same. TheNGT is proposed to have five places of sittingand will follow circuit procedure for makingitself more accessible. New Delhi is thePrincipal place of sitting of the Tribunal andBhopal, Pune, Kolkata and Chennai are theother places of sitting of the Tribunal.

Presently, the NGT is operating fromits temporary office at Van Vigyan Bhawan,R.K. Puram, New Delhi and Bhikaji CamaPlace, Trikoot House, Ring Road, New Delhi.The Tribunal has commenced its hearings fromJuly, 2011. The applicants can fileapplications/ petitions before the Tribunal atDelhi till other benches of the Tribunal becomefunctional. The first hearing of the CircuitCourt at Bhopal was held on 17th November,2011, 10th February, 2011, 17th February,2011 and 24th February, 2011, respectively.

At present, the Tribunal consists of aChairperson and four Expert Members andtwo Judicial Members. The Expert Membersare experts in physical and life sciences,engineering and law including persons havingpractical knowledge and administrativeexperience in the field of environment policyand regulation. NGT Act, 2010 provides fora minimum of 10 Expert Members and equalJudicial Members. The Ministry is in theprocess of filling up the remaining vacanciesof Members in the Tribunal.

NGT has been a landmark achievementof the Government in the field of environmentadjudication.

National Environment Assessmentand Monitoring Authority (NEAMA)

The Ministry has taken active steps toestablish a National Environment Assessmentand Monitoring Authority (NEAMA) earlierenvisaged as National Environment ProtectionAuthority (NEPA) with a view to strengthen the

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regulatory framework and to improve theenvironmental governance in the country,particularly in the fields of environment impactassessment and coastal zone management.

Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhiwas awarded a consultancy by the Ministryto prepare a project report on the establishmentof NEPA. Following the recommendation inthe report of IIT, Delhi on the project titled“Scope Structure and Processes of NEAMA”,a discussion paper on “Reforms inEnvironmental Governance with specialreference to establishment of NEAMA” wasuploaded on MOEF’s website on 26th

November, 2010 for comments. The finalreport of IIT, Delhi has also been uploadedon the Ministry’s website.

When established, NEAMA would bea part of the larger environmental regulatoryreform agenda which the Ministry proposesto undertake which shall, inter alia includeinnovative systems of environmental regulation.

Trade and Environment

Trade and Environment Cell

Trade and Environment (T&E) Cell of theMinistry undertakes the following items ofwork :

– Provide technical inputs to the preparatoryprocess in the area of Trade andEnvironment.

– Formulation of MoEF’s views on traderelated matters referred to the Ministry byother Ministries including views on issuesrelating to Regional/Bilateral/MultilateralTrade Agreements and other trade relatedissues.

– Act as nodal division within the Ministryto deal with references received from theMinistry of Commerce and Industry.

– Implementation of the ongoing Project onTrade and Environment.

– To act as export promotion cell in theMinistry.

Activities undertaken during the year

During the year 2011-12, the Trade andEnvironment Cell of the Ministry examinedand furnished inputs to the Department ofCommerce (DoC) on the environment andforestry point of view for facilitatingparticipation in the ongoing negotiation underWorld Trade Organization (WTO). Inputsregarding in the area of the EnvironmentalGoods and Services were also provided asand when required by the Department ofCommerce (DoC). In addition to the above,T&E Cell examined a number of RegionalTrade Agreements (RTA), Bilateral InvestmentProtection Agreements or Investments Treaties,Comprehensive Economic CooperationAgreements (CECA) and Free TradeAgreements (FTA) from the environment andforestry point of view. Agreements from Israel,Belarus, China, Finland and Russia etc wereexamined and comments furnished. Inputs tothe DoC were also provided on REACH asa Non-Tariff Barrier on chemicals by EuropeanUnion and China. Inputs/Background Notewas also provided to DoC on InternationalMaritime Organization (IMO) Negotiationson Market Based Measures (MBMs) to controlGreen House Gas Emissions from ships.Information/Inputs were also provided to theDepartment of Industrial Policy and Promotion on issues related to the Intellectual PropertyRights (IPRs), Transfer of Technology etc.Prepared detailed information on behalf ofMoEF to the Department of Commerce forrecently concluded India’s Fifth Trade PolicyReview (TPR) at the WTO Secretariat, Geneva.As a follow up action to TPR, questionnaires/clarifications by various countries were replied

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to under strict time limits. Proposals foropening up of liasioning offices in India bydeveloped countries were also processed.Proposals for ongoing India EFTA (Iceland,Norway, Switzerland) Negotiation in Tradeand Investment Agreement are also beingexamined in the Ministry.

The consultancy project, ‘Programme onTrade and Environment’ continued during theyear. The dedicated website – http: /www.mse.ac.in/Trade/index.asp – functionsas one-stop resource for Trade and Environmentrelated issues in India with comprehensivecoverage of Regional Trade Agreement,

Comprehensive Economic CooperationAgreements, Free Trade Agreements and Trade& Environment Issues of WTO.

Budget allocation of the schemeduring the year and progress ofexpenditure

The budget allocation for the Trade andEnvironment Cell for the Financial Year isRs.14 lakhs, out of which Rs.5,54,455/- wassanctioned to Madras School of Economics(MSE), Chennai on 4th March, 2011. Further,Rs.6,60,409/- was also sanctioned to MSEon 27th September, 2011.

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Sustainable Development DivisionSustainable Development is one of the

thrust areas of the Ministry of Environment andForests and International Cooperation andSustainable Development Division (IC&SD) isresponsible for interacting with the variousUN Agencies, International Bodies and foreigncountries for the cause of developing concernsof sustainable development in the variousnational programmes and policies. IC&SD isthe nodal point within Ministry to co-ordinateall International Environmental Cooperationand Sustainable Development issues.

The United Nations Conference onEnvironment and Development (UNCED), alsoknown at Earth Summit or Rio Summit, washeld at Rio-de-Janeiro, Brazil in 1992, hadadopted the Agenda 21, which is a blue printfor a global plan of action for achievingsustainable development. The Commission onSustainable Development (CSD) was set upin 1993 under United Nations EconomicsSocial Council (UN ECOSOC) for the purposeof review of progress of implementation of theAgenda 21. The Commission meets annuallyin New York, USA.

The major activities taken up during theyear 2011-12 is summarized as under:

Delhi Ministerial Dialogue held on 3rd-4th October, 2011

– The Ministry organized the DelhiMinisterial Dialogue on 3rd-4th October,2011 at Hotel ‘The Ashok’, New Delhi.

– The representatives of around 41 countries(including India) and 9 UN and otherimportant organizations participated inthe meeting

– The title of the Dialogue was ‘GreenEconomy & Inclusive Growth. The focusof the Dialogue was on integrating greeneconomy architecture and povertyeradication, food security and energysecurity.

– All the relevant documents including

Chair’s Summary are available on MoEFWebsite.

International Events

– United Nations Conference onSustainable Development(Rio+20), in August, 2011 atItamaraty Palace, in Rio deJaneiroIndian Delegation consisting of officers ofthis Ministry and Ministry of ExternalAffairs attended the Informal ConsultationMeeting concerning the topics of theUNCSD on 21st August and BASICmeeting on 24th-25th August, 2011.

– High Level Conference SharingGreen Economy based practicestowards Rio+20, Warsaw, PolandIndian Delegation consisting of officers ofthis Ministry and Ministry of ExternalAffairs attended the High Level Conferencetitled “Sharing Green Economy basedpractices towards Rio+20” held inWarsaw, Poland on 11th-12th October,2011.

– Asia pacific Preparatory Meetingfor the UNCSD, Seoul, Republic ofKoreaIndian Delegation consisting of officers ofthis Ministry and Ministry of ExternalAffairs attended the Asia PacificPreparatory Meeting for the UNCSDheld in Seoul, Republic of Korea from19th-20th October, 2011.

– Second Inter-sessional Meetingof the United Nations Conferenceon Sustainable Development(UNCSD), New York, USAIndian Delegation consisting of officers ofthis Ministry and Ministry of ExternalAffairs attended the 2nd Inter-sessionalMeeting of The United Nations Conferenceon Sustainable Development (UNCSD)was held on 15th-16th December, 2011in New York, USA.

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– The United Nations Conferenceon Sustainable Development(UNCSD), or Rio+20, will takeplace in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, inJune, 2012 to commensurate thecompletion of twenty years of1992 Earth Summit.

Publication on “SustainableDevelopment in India: stocktaking inthe run up to Rio+20”

A publication on “SustainableDevelopment in India: Stocktaking in the runup to Rio+20” was released on 3rd October,2011 by Hon’ble Minister of Environmentand Forests during Delhi Ministerial Dialogue.As the global community prepares for theUnited Nations Conference on SustainableDevelopment (UNCSD), also popularly knownas the Rio+20 that will be held in Rio deJaneiro in 2012, taking stock of nationalinitiatives in addressing sustainability concernsis important. With this rational, the Ministryof Environment and Forests (MoEF), Governmentof India undertook a study to track keyinitiatives in India towards the promotion ofsustainable development in the years followingthe 1992 United Nations Conference onEnvironment and Development (UNCED). Thebook discusses key policies, programmes,legal, financial provisioning, institutionalmechanisms, and engagement with majorgroups that contribute to the objective ofsustainable development. The document alsoassesses gaps and challenges faced by Indiaas a developing country.

Submission of India’s National Inputsfor Rio+20

The UNCSD/Rio+20 to be held at Riode Janeiro in June 2012 have two themesviz., Green Economy in the context ofSustainable Development & PovertyEradication (GESDPE) and InstitutionalFramework for Sustainable Development(IFSD). Member states of UN were requiredto submit their National Inputs to Secretariat

of UNCSD on or before 1st November, 2011.Accordingly, India has submitted its NationalInputs to UNCSD, which are available on‘www.uncsd2012.org’ website along withinputs of other countries as well.

Delhi Sustainable DevelopmentSummit (DSDS)

The 2012 edition of DSDS has beenscheduled on 2-4 February, with the “Protectingthe global commons: 20 years post Rio”.Industry leaders, opinion makers, and climatechange experts will gather to create a uniformlevel of understanding among all stakeholdersand formulate meaningful policy options fora constructive dialogue on climate changeand try to arrive at an agreement.

Commission on SustainableDevelopment (CSD)

The 19th Session of the UN Commissionon Sustainable Development (CSD-19) washeld at the UN Headquarters in New Yorkfrom 2nd-13th May, 2011. The Commission onSustainable Development was created as anoutcome of the Rio Earth Summit in 1992,and its mandate reaffirmed and expanded inthe 2002 Johannesburg Plan ofImplementation. In its eleventh session, it wasdecided that the CSD’s multi-year programmeof work beyond 2003 would be organizedon the basis of seven two-year cycles, witheach cycle focusing on selected thematicclusters of issues. CSD-19 was the final yearof the 4th cycle, and its thematic focus areaswere transport, mining, chemicals, wastemanagement, and a 10 year framework ofprogrammes on sustainable consumption andproduction patterns. Inter-linkages and crosscutting issues were also on the agenda. IndianDelegation headed by Secretary (E&F)comprising of officers from Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests & Ministry of ExternalAffairs participated in the meeting. There wasno agreed outcome at CSD-19 because oflogjam over issues like human right in occupiedterritories and means of implementation.

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International Centre for IntegratedMountain Development (ICIMOD)

The interaction and collaboration betweenICIMOD and the Government of India andamong the national partners took placethrough the Strategic Programmes and ActionAreas of ICIMOD, being within the ambit ofthe Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)signed by the GBPIHED, on behalf of theMinistry of Environment and Forests,Government of India, with ICIMOD,Kathmandu, on the 25th September, 2008.The major highlight of 2011 collaborationwas the organization of ‘India ICIMOD Day’on 30th September, 2011 at New Delhi,which acted as a boost by providing anopportunity for the eminent experts, G.B.PantInstitute of Himalayan Environment andDevelopment (GBPIHED) and other partnerInstitutions and ICIMOD professionals tointeract and share their experiences. Hon’bleMinister of State (I/C) for Environment andForests, Government of India inaugurated theday’s program and Hon’ble Minister forScience and Technology, Government of Indiapresided over the function. Both the Ministersprovided directions & set priorities for futurecollaboration. ICIMOD participated incelebrating World Environment Day with thetheme: ‘Forests: Nature at Your Service’. Aregional event in celebration of WorldEnvironment Day, ‘Voices of School Children– Children’s Discussion and ExpressionSessions’ was organised by ICIMOD inpartnership with the GB Pant Institute ofHimalayan Environment and Development(GBPIHED) on 5th June, 2011. School childrenfrom mountain areas in different age groupswere brought together to discuss on variousmountain issues.

Other major programs include developingentrepreneurship in value-chains ofCinnamomum tamala (Indian Bay Leaf); linkingpoor producers to markets for essential oilsand spices which is completed. Efforts arebeing made to obtain support for co-

management of rangeland activities in Ladakh,through Chang Tang Foundation. ICIMODwith its partners in India and other countriesoperationalized a landscape managementproject in Kailash Sacred Landscape area.Expert consultations and Yatras are organizedin India and Nepal under the planning phaseof the project. Other initiatives in the landscapeconservation efforts include NamdaphaNational Park (Tiger Reserve), MoulingNational Park and the surrounding areas inArunachal Pradesh and Brahmaputra-SalweenLandscape. For learning from developments inother parts of the globe, a river basinstwinning project was initiated. It comprised ofdissemination of results of the case studiesconducted in the Upper Danube and UpperBrahmaputra river basins.

United Nations Convention to CombatDesertification

Brief Objectives

The objective of the division is twofold:

– To implement policies and promote policyinitiatives related to minimize landdegradation in dryland areas.

– To facilitate planning and implementationof programmes and projects to addressdesertification, land degradation anddrought (DLDD) in the dryland areas,specially through sustainable land &ecosystem management (SLEM).

Activities undertaken so far

Policy Initiatives

– A 3-member delegation led by JointSecretary, MoEF (and National FocalPoint for UNCCD) and comprising ofScience and Technology Correspondentand Programme Director – SLEMprogramme attended the UNCCD COP10 meeting from 10th-21st October atChangwon, Republic of Korea.

– On 20th September, 2011, a one-dayhigh-level meeting on the theme

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“Addressing desertification, landdegradation and drought in the contextof sustainable development and povertyeradication” was held and statement byIndia was delivered by Mr. Dilip Sinha,Additional Secretary, at the 66th sessionof the United Nations General Assembly.

– Meeting of the Asia-Pacific (Annex II)was held in Bali Indonesia, September2011 to firm up the regional position inpreparation for COP 10.

– Preparatory meeting to the COP 10 atthe national level was held on 22nd

September, 2011 to firm India’s position.– Director and Science and Technology

Correspondent for India attended “Expertsmeeting on combating desertification inAsia” at Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia from 6th-7th September, 2011.

Programme Initiatives

– Proposal submitted on “Enhancingcapacity for alignment of National ActionProgramme to 10 year Strategy ofUNCCD & for National Reporting toUNCCD Secretariat” for funding to GEFsecretariat under cycle 5.

Progress/achievements made duringthe year

The following were important milestonesachieved:

– The 4th National Report was submitted tothe UNCCD secretariat on-line on 26th

October, 2010 using the PerformanceReview and Assessment of ImplementationSystem (PRAIS). The Elucidation reportwas printed and disseminated widely,including UNCCD COP 10 at Republicof Korea in October 2011. The finalsubmitted report is available on theministry website and can be downloadedat http://moef.nic.in/modules/divisions/desertification-cell/?f=report2010

– A 3 member delegation led by JointSecretary, MoEF (and National Focal

Point for UNCCD) and comprising ofScience and Technology Correspondentand Programme Director- SLEMprogramme attended the UNCCD COP10 meeting from 10th-21st October atChangwon, Republic of Korea.

– A Brainstorming workshop on“Desertification Mapping and Reportingon Impact Indicators” on 27th July, 2011with a focus on harmonisation of datausing existing assessment tools forreporting on the Impact Indicators andstrengthening the proposal for GEF 5.

– The National Steering Committee for theSustainable Land and EcosystemManagement (SLEM) programme wasconstituted on 31st March, 2010 with themandate to endorse the work plans of theSLEM projects and review progress.Accordingly, the first NSC meeting washeld on 26th May, 2010 and the secondmeeting was held on 19th April, 2011.

– World Day to Combat Desertification on17th June, 2011 was observed and aworkshop was organized at IndianCouncil of Forestry Research andEducation, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Theworkshop was inaugurated by PadmaBhushan Shri Chandi Prasad Bhatt andDr. R.V. Singh Former DG, Indian Councilof Forestry Research and Education wasthe Guest of Honour. The UNCCD themefor this year, the workshop theme was“SLEM: Role of Forest in Dryland Areas”.

Comparison of progress

– Brainstorming workshop on Desertificationmapping and on Impact Indicators wasorganized on 27th July, 2011 inpreparation for Reporting on ImpactIndicators in 2012.

– A three (3) member Delegation lead byJoint Secretary, MoEF attended theUNCCD COP 10 from 10th to 21st

October, 2011 at Changwon, Republicof Korea.

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Regulatory Acts/Rules governing theprogramme and promulagation ofnew Acts

– The United Nations Convention to CombatDesertification (UNCCD) is one of thethree Rio Conventions that focuses onDesertification, Land Degradation andDrought (DLDD). ‘Desertification’ asdefined in the UNCCD refers to landdegradation in the drylands (arid, semiarid and dry sub humid regions) resultingfrom various factors and does not connotespread or expansion of deserts.

– UNCCD with 194 Parties recognizesland degradation as an important factoraffecting some of the most vulnerablepeople and ecosystems in the world. Theconvention aims at adaption and can, onimplementation, significantly contributeto achieving the Millennium DevelopmentGoals (MDGs), as well as sustainabledevelopment and poverty reduction bymeans of arresting and reversing landdegradation.

– The convention promotes Sustainable LandManagement (SLM) as solution to globalchallenges. Land degradation is long-term loss of ecosystem function andproductivity caused by disturbances fromwhich the land cannot recover unaided.While Sustainable Land Management isfocused on changes in land cover/landuse in order to maintain and enhanceecosystems functions and services.

– As the Convention enters its seconddecade, the Parties unanimously adoptedthe 10-year strategic plan and frameworkto enhance the implementation of theConvention for 2008-2018 (The Strategy)at COPS, held in Madrid in September2007. The Strategy provides a uniqueopportunity to address some of theConvention’s key challenges, to capitalizeon its strengths, to seize opportunitiesprovided by the new policy and financing

environment, and to create a new,revitalized common ground for allUNCCD stakeholders. The Strategycontains the “strategic objectives” to beachieved over the 10 years, and the“operational objectives” that guide theactions of short and medium-term effects.The strategy can be downloaded ath t t p : / / w w w. u n c c d . i n t / L i s t s /SiteDocumentLibrary/Publications/The%20Strategy%20leaflet-english.pdf

– India became a signatory to the UnitedNations Convention to CombatDesertification on 14th October, 1994and ratified it on 17th December, 1996.With about 32% of its land beingaffected by land degradation, India hashigh stakes and stands strongly committedto implementing the UNCCD. The Ministryof Environment and Forests is the nodalMinistry in the Government of India forthe UNCCD, and Desertification cell isthe nodal point within the Ministry to co-ordinate all issues pertaining to theconvention. Additionally, India is alsothe Chair of the Asia Group of countriesparty to UNCCD.

– Though India does not have a specificpolicy or legislative framework forcombating desertification as such, theconcern for arresting and reversing landdegradation and desertification getsreflected in many of our national policieswhich have enabling provisions foraddressing these problems. It is alsoimplicit in the goals of Sustainable ForestManagement (SFM), sustainableagriculture, Sustainable LandManagement (SLM) and the overarchinggoal of sustainable development whichthe country has been pursuing. Thesubject has in fact been engaging theattention of our planners and policymakers since the inception of planning.The first five year plan (1951-1956) had‘land rehabilitation’ as one of the thrust

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areas. In the subsequent plans too, highpriority has been consistently attached todevelopment of the drylands.

– As per the Desertification and LandDegradation Atlas of India published bythe Space Application Centre in 2007about 32.07% of the land is undergoingvarious forms of degradation and 25%of the geographical area is affected bydesertification. About 69% of the country’slands are drylands and degradation ofthese lands has severe implications forthe livelihood and food security of millions.

– It is worth noting that India occupies only2.4% of the world’s geographical area,yet supports about 16.7% of the world’shuman population; it has only 0.5% ofthe world’s grazing land but supports18% of the world’s cattle population.Thus there is tremendous pressure on ourland- based natural resources, andsustainable land management is crucialfor sustainable development and also ourprogress towards attaining the MDGgoals including poverty alleviation.

– India formulated and submitted in 2001a National Action Programme (NAP) tocombat desertification, in accordancewith the Convention (UNCCD). A broadroadmap to combating desertification,NAP recognizes the multi-sectoral natureof the task, in view of the fact that manyof the drivers of desertification have crosscutting dimensions. As for instance, povertyof the masses has long been known tobe a key driver of desertification andland degradation, which needs toaddressed.

– To address the issues of DLDD and buildsynergy with other RIO conventions(UNFCCC & CBD), the Sustainable Landand Ecosystem Management CountryPartnership Program (SLEM CPP) wasdeveloped. The SLEM Programme is ajoint initiative between the Governmentof India (GOI) and the Global

Environmental Facility (GEF), under thelatter’s Country Partnership Programme(CPP). The objective of SLEMProgrammatic Approach is to “promotesustainable land management and use ofbiodiversity as well as maintain thecapacity of ecosystems to deliver goodsand services”. Under this SLEMProgrammatic Approach, seven projectshave been formulated, and are undervarious stages of implementation.

Climate ChangeIntroduction

Climate change is a global phenomenonbut adversely affects developing countriesparticularly as their capacity and resourcesto deal with the challenge is limited. India isalready vulnerable to a large degree ofclimate variability. Studies indicate that climatechange may exacerbate the problem ofexisting climate variability in India. It isprojected that, by the end of 21st century,rainfall in India may increase by 15-40% withhigh regional variability. Warming may bemore pronounced over land areas with northernIndia experiencing maximum increase. Thewarming could be relatively greater in winterand post-monsoon seasons. The annual meantemperature could increase by 3°C to 6°Cover the century.

The likely impacts of climate change ondifferent regions and sectors have been studiedand assessed from time to time. Initialassessments were carried out in NationalCommunications in 2004. Recently, thisMinistry carried out a major assessment forfour sectors – water resources, agriculture,forests and human health – in four criticalregions of India – the Himalayan region,North-East, Western Ghats and coastalprepared by INCCA. The report ‘ClimateChange and India: 4×4 assessment’ providesa comprehensive, long-term assessment ofimpact of climate change in 2030s. Theassessment will be further deepened and

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refined through a comprehensiveexercise of preparation of NationalCommunications (NATCOM) that isdue in 2012.

International regime for climatechange

A consensus-based internationalregime for addressing climate changeexists in form of the United NationsFramework Convention on ClimateChange (UNFCCC) and the KyotoProtocol. The Kyoto Protocol of theConvention sets legally binding targetsfor GHG reductions by industrialized countries(5.2% below their aggregate 1990emissions) during the “first commitmentperiod”, 2008-2012. The Convention ispremised on the principle of “common butdifferentiated responsibilities and respectivecapabili t ies” and recognizes theresponsibilities of developed countries inreducing the global emissions of greenhousegases. The implementation of the Conventionis reviewed by the Conference of Parties(CoP) at its annual meetings.

Currently, the international community isengaged in negotiating and implementingenhanced actions for achieving the objectivesof the Convention and its Kyoto Protocol,under a mandate known as the Bali RoadMap, in accordance with which the partieshave taken certain decisions at Cancun in2010 and in Durban in 2011.

Durban Outcomes at CoP-17

The seventeenth Conference of Parties(COP-17) to UNFCCC held at Durban during28th November – 9th December, 2011 tookseveral important decisions on the issuesunder negotiations. The Indian delegation thatparticipated in the Conference was led bySmt. Jayanthi Natarajan, Minister ofEnvironment & Forests (I/C). India played animportant role in reaching the agreements atDurban.

Durban outcomes are notable as thesecond commitment period of the KyotoProtocol was established and some of the keyagreements related to Green Climate Fund,Technology Mechanism and the AdaptationFramework were operationalized. Thetransparency arrangements agreed at Cancunwere also finalized with the adoption of MRVguidelines for both the developed anddeveloping countries. It was ensured that theguidelines for the developing countries are notmore onerous than for the developed countries.

Durban outcomes also opened a windowfor discussions on the post-2020 arrangementsfor addressing global climate change forwhich a Durban Platform has been launched.India took lead in ensuring that the newarrangements are created under the Conventionso that the principles of Equity and CommonBut Differentiated Responsibilities fully applyto the arrangements. Durban Platform willexplore options for a range of actions thatcan close the ambition gap in accordancewith these principles.

Though the Durban decisions are asignificant step forward, there are otherconcerns of developing countries which areyet to be fully addressed. The foremost issueis that of equitable burden sharing with regardto mitigation actions between the developingand developed countries in the post 2020

Fig-69. Indian delegates lead by Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan, Ministerof Environment and Forests (I/C)

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13arrangements. This is necessary to ensure thatthe goal of social and economic developmentand poverty eradication in developing countriesis not compromised. Besides the issues ofunilateral measures and technology relatedintellectual property rights (IPRs) continue tobe the dominant concern in the run up toDoha.

In the ensuing negotiations, urgent workis needed on (i) defining equity making it,together with the CBDR, the bed rock of post-2020 arrangements, (ii) implementing thedecision on the second commitment periodunder the Kyoto Protocol (KP) andstrengthening the Clean DevelopmentMechanism (CDM), (iii) ensuring comparabilityof targets between Kyoto Protocol and Non-Kyoto Protocol parties, (iv) preventing unilateraltrade actions in the name of climate change,(v) initiating a dialogue on Intellectual PropertyRights as part of technology development andtransfer efforts, and (vi) capitalizing the GreenClimate Fund and raising resources in thelong run.

Climate change and India’s actions

Although India’s contribution to globalclimate change is minimal and its total CO2

emissions are about 4% only oftotal global CO2 emissions, Indiahas been conscious of the globalchallenge of climate change. Infulfillment of the internationalobligations under the UNFCCC,India prepares a NationalCommunication (NATCOM)which gives an inventory of thegreenhouse gases (GHG)emissions in India, and assessesthe vulnerability and impacts.First NATCOM was presented in2004. The Government isengaged in preparing NATCOMII, which will be presented to theUNFCCC in 2012. Preparationof NATCOM II is an exercisebased on an extensive network

of research and scientific institutions in India anddraws upon expertise and assistance fromdifferent institutions.

Steps have also been taken to increasecapacity at the institutional level for conductingresearch into climate change science andmaking necessary assessments. The Ministryhas set up a network, namely the IndianNetwork for Climate Change Assessment(INCCA) comprising of 127 researchinstitutions tasked with undertaking researchon the science of climate change and itsimpacts on different sectors of economyacross various regions of India. The Ministryreleased, in May 2010, India’s Green HouseGas (GHG) Emissions Inventory for 2007prepared by INCCA. The 2007 inventorywas brought out in order to increasetransparency of estimates of the GHG emissionsin India. With this publication, India becamethe first ‘non Annex I’ (i.e., developing)country to publish such updated numbers.This constitutes a major step forward toimproving the frequency of the preparation ofNATCOMs and emissions inventory in India.

India’s strategy for addressing climatechange is also reflected in many of its social

Fig-70. Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan (MEF) in discussion with other delegates

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and economic development programmes. TheNational Action Plan on Climate Change(NAPCC) coordinated by the Ministry ofEnvironment & Forests is being implementedthrough the Nodal Ministries in specificsectors/areas. Eight national missions in thearea of solar energy, enhanced energyefficiency, sustainable agriculture, sustainablehabitat, water, Himalayan eco-system,increasing the forest cover and strategicknowledge for climate change form the coreof National Action Plan. All national missionshave been approved by the Prime Minister’sCouncil on Climate Change and are atdifferent stages of implementation. StateGovernments are also preparing, under adviceof the Central Government, State Action Planson Climate Change aimed at creatinginstitutional and programme orientedcapacities to address climate change.

Government has announced a domesticmitigation goal of reducing emissions intensityof GDP by 20-25% by 2020 in comparisonwith 2005 level. This is in line with theprojections of the energy intensity of India’soutput that has shown a declining trend owingto improvements in energy efficiency,autonomous technological changes andeconomical use of energy. This domesticgoal and the objectives of the NationalAction Plan on Climate Change are proposedto be achieved through a sustainabledevelopment strategy that will be outlined incourse of the XIIth Five Year Plan.

Initiatives taken in 2011-12

Besides following a pro-active policy ofdomestic actions, India took several otherinitiatives during the year to advance domesticand international actions on climate change.

At the initiative of the Ministry, PlanningCommission has recognized climate changeas a major area of environmental intervention.‘Climate Change Action Programme’, a newthematic/umbrella Scheme has been approvedby the Planning Commission for inclusion in

the 12th Five year Plan. To be launched fromthe year 2012-13, the new scheme aims atadvancing scientific research into andassessment of the phenomenon of climatechange, building an institutional and analyticalcapacity for research and studies in the areaof climate change, and supporting domesticactions to address climate change throughspecific programmes and actions at the nationaland state level. The activities under theScheme will continue to be amplified anddeveloped in later years.

In 2011, Ministry launched an ambitiousproject on assessment of ‘black carbon’ andits impact on environment in consultation withother agencies of the Government. The projecthas been launched with support of IndianSpace Research Organization (ISRO).

India’s participation in CDM projectscontinued to see an upward trend during theyear. By the end of 2011, the total numberof approved projects in India had risen to2160 out of which 776 had been registeredby the CDM Executive Board (EB) of theUNFCCC. The total investment potential ofthe approved projects is Rs.3,64,034 crores.The Certified Emission Reduction certificates(CERs) for the projects approved by the EBare 124 million. At a nominal value of US$ 10 per CER, this represents a likely flowof around US $ 1,240 million. Indiacontinues to occupy the second positionglobally in terms of projects approved by theEB as also in terms of the value of CERsearned by the approved projects.

Sixteen State Governments andGovernments of Union Territories have preparedState Action Plans on Climate Change(SAPCC) in accordance with the templateprepared by the Central Government. ASteering Committee at the Central level willexamine the Plans following which themodalities for financing and implementing theSAPCCs will be considered in the 12th FiveYear Plan.

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India hosted the sixth BASIC Ministersmeeting on 26th-27th January, 2011 in NewDelhi during which the Environment Ministersof India, Brazil, China and South Africa metto discuss the climate change issues in the runup to the seventeenth Conference of Parties.In line with the BASIC plus approach, Ministersfrom Algeria, Maldives and Chair of theGroup of 77 & China were also invited tothe meeting. India attended the BASIC meetingshosted by South Africa in Zimbali (28th-29th

May, 2011), Brazil in Inhotim (26th-27th

August, 2011), and China in Beijing (31st

October -1st November, 2011). India alsoparticipated in the meetings of MajorEconomies Forum organized by the US andPetersberg Dialogue on climate changeorganized by Germany.

The Ministry held bilateral dialogueswith several countries on climate changerelated issues. An India-USA bilateral climatedialogue has hosted by India on 18th July,

2011 in New Delhi during which the bilateraland multilateral issues related to climatechange were discussed. Bilateral discussionswith European Union were held ahead ofIndia-EU Summit in 2012. During thesemeetings, the issues of EU’s decision toinclude aviation in its Emissions TradingScheme and the Joint Work Programme onEnergy, Clean Development and ClimateChange were discussed. India also heldbilateral meetings including a stakeholder’smeeting in New Delhi in September 2011 todiscuss the Bilateral Credit Mechanismproposed by Japan.

During the year, India joined the WorldBank’s Partnership for Market Readiness (PMR),with a view to take forward market relatedinitiatives in the field of mitigation and toprovide capacity building to developingcountries in creating enabling environment fordomestic carbon markets. India’s investmentPlan for Clean Technology Fund (CTF) for

Fig-71. Alpine meadow in Western Himalaya

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accessing the resources of Clean TechnologyFund was also cleared by the World Bank.

At the sub-regional level, India partneredwith Bhutan, Nepal and Bangladesh forcooperation to address adverse effects ofclimate change through adaptation actions inthe four thematic areas of Food, Water,Energy and Biodiversity. This initiativeculminated in a Minister level Bhutan ClimateSummit held on November 19, 2011.

Some other schemes under ClimateChange areas are as follows:

– India’s National Communication to UnitedNations Framework Convention onClimate Change (UNFCCC)

– Climate Change Science Programme– Inter Governmental Panel on Climate

Change (IPCC)

Brief Objectives

– To meet the obligations under Article 12of UNFCCC

– To conduct studies to assess the impactof climate change

– To prepare scientific assessments relatedto climate change at global levelUnder the aegis of Indian Network for

Climate Change Assessment (INCCA), threenew scientific programmes, namely, NationalCarbonaceous Aerosols Programme (NCAP),Long-term ecological observatories, Centrefor Advanced Studies in North East Regionsof India have been initiated by this Ministry.

India’s National Communication toUnited Nations FrameworkConvention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)

India is a Party to the United NationsFramework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC), the objective of which is to achievestabilization of greenhouse gas concentrationsin the atmosphere at a level that would preventdangerous anthropogenic interference with the

climate system. The Convention enjoins Partiesis to communicate information about theimplementation of the Convention, taking intoaccount the common but differentiatedresponsibilities and respective capabilities andtheir specific regional and nationaldevelopment priorities, objectives andcircumstances. Article 12 of the Conventionrelates to the communication of informationpertaining to implementation in accordancewith Article 4 (1) of the Convention, wherebyeach Party is required to communicate to theConference of the Parties. The elements ofinformation in the communication are providedin the context of national circumstances andinclude:– A national inventory of anthropogenic

emissions by sources and removals bysinks of all greenhouse gases notcontrolled by the Montreal Protocol, tothe extent its capacities permit, usingcomparable methodologies to bepromoted and agreed upon by theConference of Parties;

– A general description of steps taken toimplement the Convention including anassessment of impacts, vulnerability dueto climate change and associatedadaptation needs, and

– Any other information that the Partyconsiders relevant to the achievement ofthe objective of the Convention andsuitable for inclusion in its communication,including, if feasible, material relevantfor calculations of global emission trends.Towards fulfilment of obligation under the

UNFCCC, India submitted its Initial NationalCommunication to the UNFCCC Secretariatin June 2004, within three years of receiptof financial support from the GlobalEnvironment Facility (GEF). The secondNational Communication has been preparedin association with a wide range of institutionscovering research organizations, universities,

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industry associations and non-governmentalorganizations spread all over India and therelevant ministries and their departments. TheDocument is now in the process of approvalfor submission to the UNFCCC for the nextConference of Parties. The Ministry ofEnvironment & Forests is both executing andthe implementing agency. The UNDP, NewDelhi is the GEF implementing agency.

Indian Network of Climate ChangeAssessment (INCCA)

With a view to enhance knowledgeabout the impacts of climate change at thenational and sub-national level, Indian Networkof Climate Change Assessment (INCCA) onOctober 14, 2009 has been launched.INCCA has been conceptualized as a network-based scientific programme designed to (a)Assess the drivers and implications of climatechange through scientific research; (b) Prepareclimate change assessments once every twoyears (greenhouse gas estimations and impactof climate change, associated vulnerabilitiesand adaptation); (c) Develop decision supportsystems and (d) Build capacity towardsmanagement of climate-change related risksand opportunities. The programmes envisagedunder INCCA can diagrammatically be shownin Fig-72.

Black Carbon Research Initiative:National Carbonaceous AerosolsProgramme

Aerosol is a system ofcolloidal particles dispersed inthe atmospheric gases. It maybe of natural or anthropogenicorigin. It may have influenceon climate directly throughscattering and absorbingradiation, and indirectly throughacting as cloud condensationnuclei or modifying the opticalproperties and lifetime of clouds.

In India, systematicinvestigations of the physical

and chemical properties of aerosols, theirtemporal heterogeneities, spectralcharacteristics and size distribution have beencarried out extensively since the 1980s atdifferent distinct geographical regions as partof different national programmes such as theI-MAP (Indian Middle AtmosphereProgramme), and later under the ISRO-GBP(Indian Space Research Organization’sGeosphere Biosphere Programme). The ISRO-GBP annual review meeting in 1998recognized the importance of Black Carbonaerosols on the climate system and it wasdecided to pursue studies of Black Carbon insubsequent years.

In view of this, a multi-institutional andmulti-agency Science Plan has been launchedin this Ministry in association with Ministry ofEarth Sciences, Indian Space ResearchOrganization, Ministry of Science andTechnology and other associated agencies, tomonitor aerosols and assess its impacts throughvarious modeling techniques.

Ecosystem Monitoring: Network onLong Term Ecological Observatories(LTEO)

Records of the geological past showsthat ecosystems have some capacity to adaptnaturally to climate change but this resiliencehas never been challenged by a large globalhuman population and its multi-faceted

Fig-72. Programmes envisaged under INCCA

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demands and pressures on ecosystems. Theresilience of many ecosystems is likely to beexceeded by 2100 by an unprecedentedcombination of change in climate, associateddisturbances (e.g., flooding, drought, wildfire,insects, ocean acidification), and other globalchange drivers (e.g., land-use change,pollution, over-exploitation of resources).

In view of the above, Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests in association withother Ministries, State Government, Privatesectors and Non Governmental Organisations,has proposed to develop and implement aprogramme on “long-term ecologicalobservatories” which will include activities forexperimental research in ecology. Centre forEcological Sciences is proposed to act ascoordinating agency for the scientificprogramme and the overall management ofthe project at the National level. The broadtopics of research would include climate,geology and soil science, hydrology,biodiversity, population ecology, communityecology, ecosystem and landscape-leveldynamics, carbon fluxes, landuse change,and human ecology which will help inunderstanding ecology of fire and invasiveplants, sustainable use of non-timber forestproducts etc.

Coordinated Studies in the NorthEastern Region

Climate Change is one of the biggestenvironmental threats in the world as well asin the Indian sub-continent. Potentially, impactis seen on food production and security, watersupply, bio-diversity, fisheries, health andsettlements. In order to have adequateinformation about different regions under theaegis of INCCA, a sectoral and regionalclimate change assessment have been made.The sectoral analysis for North-Eastern regionhas also been outlined in the report thatreveals the significant projected changes inprecipitation pattern, temperature change,agriculture, biodiversity and human health.The key results encourages to undertake

further studies on observational impacts onforest, biodiversity, water, agriculture, humansettlement, and to identify vulnerability, developadaptation and mitigation options for havingclimate benefits in the North eastern regions.

Considering the special features, naturalresources and its susceptibility to threats ofclimate change, it is contemplated to undertakecoordinated studies on Climate Change forNorth-East India under the aegis of INCCA.The research activities will be organised in acoordinated manner in the existing centreslocated in the area and institutions havingexpertise elsewhere. The objectives of thestudies are as follows:

– To collect data, information andknowledge regarding all aspects ofclimate change, ecosystem functioning,socio-economic aspects of the region.

– To undertake activities to collect, collateand synthesis of the data and preparereport.

– To undertake research activities (Short,Medium and Long term) in areas such aswater, agriculture, health etc. in respectof climate change in the region.

Other Programmes under INCCA

Impact Assessments

Climate change has enormous implicationsto the natural resources and livelihoods of thepeople. The available knowledge suggestsadverse implications to key sectors of theeconomy. Accordingly, a “Climate Change inIndia: 4×4 Assessment” has been devised toascertain the impacts in 2030’s. The choiceof the sectors and regions is in conformity withthe significance and importance of the climatesensitive sectors of the economy that cover thewell- being and livelihoods of the largepopulation residing in these regions. Thepresent assessment attempts to bring togetherwhat is known as four major regions in India,namely, Himalayan region, the North-Easternregion, the Western Ghats and the Coastal

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Region in regard to observed climate andclimate change projections for the year 2030son 4 key sectors such as the agriculture,water, natural ecosystem, biodiversity andhealth.

Indo-UK Collaborative ResearchProgramme on Climate Change –Impact and Adaptation - Phase II

A joint collaborative research programmebetween the Government of United Kingdom,Department of Energy and Climate Changeand the Ministry of Environment and Forests,Government of India, is currently operational.Research is being undertaken on variouscomponents viz., climate change scenarios,national level study on impacts andvulnerability, socio-economic impact andextreme events and adaptation response toclimate change in the States of Odisha andMadhya Pradesh. Some of the key findingsof the project are as follows:

Modelling results have estimated moresevere/deficit monsoons towards the 2080sfor the two study states. This project alsoassessed the link between water andagriculture in the major river basins i.e.Ganga basin and the Mahanadi basin ofMadhya Pradesh and Odisha which indicatesgreater water loss due to evapo-transpirationwhereas floods in the Ganga are expectedto be more intense in mid-century, increasingfurther by the end of the century. The studyalso projects a 10-40% decline in cropproduction over the coming century. The state-specific assessment for Madhya Pradeshsuggested an uncontrolled drop in wheatyields which may cause mass scale migrationto urban centres whereas crop vulnerability ofOdisha indicates a decrease in the BelowPoverty Level population by 10.3 percent by2020.

Intergovernmental panel on ClimateChange (IPCC)

The Intergovernmental panel on ClimateChange (IPCC) is a specialized body jointly

established by the United Nations EnvironmentProgramme and World MeteorologicalOrganization mandated to prepare scientificassessments on various aspects of climatechange. IPCC has published its 4th AssessmentReport in the year 2007 and has beenentrusted with the task of preparing its FifthAssessment Report on Climate Change, inter-alia, the physical science basis; impacts,vulnerability and adaptation; and mitigationof climate change based on the publishedpeer-reviewed literature worldwide. As anodal ministry in the Government it undertakesand facilitates implementation of variousactivities of the IPCC at both international andnational level.

IPCC published two special reports namely,“Special Report on Managing the risk ofextreme events and disasters to advanceclimate change adaptation (SREX)” and“Special Report on Renewable Energy Sourcesand Climate Change

Mitigation (SRREN)”. Summary for Policymakers is available in the IPCC officialwebsite (http://www.ipcc.ch/).

Ozone Layer ProtectionIntroduction and Objectives

– Ozone, a tri-atomic molecule is formednaturally in the upper level of the Earth’satmosphere by high-energy Ultraviolet(UV) radiation from the Sun. About 90per cent of Ozone formed in this way liesbetween 15 and 55 kilometers abovethe Earth’s surface, called theStratosphere.

– The stratospheric Ozone Layer absorbsall the harmful UV-B radiations emanatingfrom the Sun. It protects plant and animallife from UV radiation. The UV radiationhas the potential to cause skin cancer,eye cataract, suppress body’s immunesystem, decrease crop yield etc., whichled to the adoption of the ViennaConvention for the Protection of the

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Ozone Layer in 1985 and the MontrealProtocol on Substances that Deplete theOzone Layer in 1987. India ratified theMontreal Protocol and its LondonAmendment on 19th June, 1992. Indiaalso ratified the Copenhagen Amendment(1992), the Montreal Amendment (1997)and the Beijing Amendment (1999) on3rd March, 2003.

– India was mainly producing and usingnine of the 96 Ozone DepletingSubstances (ODSs) controlled under theMontreal Protocol. These are CFC-11,CFC-12, CFC-113, Carbontetrachloride(CTC), Hydrochlorofluorocarbons-22(HCFC-22), Halon-1211, Halon-1301,Methyl Chloroform and Methyl Bromide.

– The Government of India has entrustedthe work relating to Ozone layerprotection and implementation of theMontreal Protocol on substances thatdeplete the Ozone Layer to the Ministry.

– A detailed India Country Program forphase out of ODSs was prepared in1993 to ensure the phase out of ODSaccording to the National IndustrialDevelopment Strategy, without undueburden to both consumers and industryby accessing the Protocol’s FinancialMechanism in accordance with therequirements stipulated in the MontrealProtocol. The Country Program wasupdated in 2006.

– The Ministry has set up the Ozone Cellas a National Ozone Unit to rendernecessary services for effective and timelyimplementation of the Protocol and itsODS phase-out program in India. TheMinistry has also established anEmpowered Steering Committee (ESC)Chaired by the Secretary (E&F) which issupported by two Standing Committees,Technology and Finance StandingCommittee (TFSC) and StandingCommittee on Monitoring. The ESC isoverall responsible for the implementation

of the Montreal Protocol provisions, reviewof various policy and implementationoptions, project approval and monitoring.

Regulatory Measures

– The Ozone Depleting Substances(Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000under the Environment (Protection) Act,1986 has been notified in the Gazetteof India on 19th July, 2000. These Rulesset the deadlines for phasing out ofvarious ODSs, besides regulatingproduction, consumption, trade, importand export of ODSs and the productscontaining ODSs. The ODS Rules wereamended in 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005and 2007 to facilitate implementation ofODS phase-out by the enterprises invarious sectors.

– These Rules prohibit the production andconsumption of CFCs, CTC and Halonsbeyond 1st January, 2010 except use ofpharmaceutical grade CFCs inmanufacturing of Metered Dose Inhalers(MDIs). Further, the use of methyl bromidehas been allowed upto 1st January,2015. Since, HCFCs are used as interimsubstitute to replace CFCs, theirproduction and consumption is allowedupto 1st January, 2030.

– The ODS rules will further be amendedto cater the needs of accelerated phase-out of next category of ODSs, theHCFCs.

Fiscal Measures

– Customs and Excise duty exemption havebeen extended for Multilateral Fund (MLF)assisted ODS phase-out projects orexpansion of capacity with non-ODStechnology during the financial year2011-2012.

Activities undertaken so far

– India has taken a series of fiscal andregulatory measures to facilitate ODSphase-out in the country. Among fiscal

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measures taken, the Government hasaccorded customs and excise dutyexemptions on goods required for ODSphase-out projects and new investmentand expansion of established industrieswith non-ODS technologies.

– The UN General Assembly on 23rd

January, 1995 adopted a resolution49/114 which proclaims 16th Septemberas the International Day for thePreservation of the Ozone Layer, tocommemorate the signing of the MontrealProtocol on Substances that Deplete theOzone Layer which was signed on 16th

September, 1987. The International Dayfor the Preservation of the Ozone Layeris celebrated at national and state levelssince 1995.

– Awareness activities at the national andstate levels were organized to sensitizethe stakeholders to phase-out the ODS invarious sectors. The International OzoneDay function is being organized everyyear in the country on 16th September.

– “Montreal Protocol: India’s SuccessStory”, posters, stickers are brought outevery year on the occasion ofInternational Ozone Day giving latestinformation on ODS phase-out in thecountry and technologies adopted.

– A bi-monthly newsletter viz. ‘VATISUPDATE-Ozone Layer Protection’ is beingpublished giving latest information on thescience of Ozone and technical optionsevolved and used in various sectors allover the globe.

– Participation in the Meetings of theExecutive Committee (Ex-Com), OpenEnded Working Group (OEWG), SouthAsia Network meeting and joint meetingof Regional Ozone Networks, MultilateralEnvironmental Agreement RegionalEnforcement Network Meeting (MEA-REN), Meeting of the Parties (MOP) andother Montreal Protocol related meetings.

– Data on production, consumption, export,import of ODSs is being submitted to theOzone Secretariat by end of Septemberevery year.

– Organization of TFSC meetings forrecommending ODSs phase-out projectsfor submission to the MLF Secretariat andrecommending projects for fiscalincentives. In the year 2011, two meetingsof TFSC were held and duty exemptioncertificate were issued to 7 enterprises.

– No Objection certificates for 115enterprises were issued to DGFT forimport and export of ODSs and ODSbased equipments.

– Project Management Unit (PMU) was setup in 2002 to implement the CFC andCTC National Phase-out Plans.

– The phase-out of HCFCs was acceleratedby 10 years with certain reductionschedule vide decision XIX/6 of the 19th

MOP in 2007.– A Roadmap for phasing-out of HCFCs

was developed describing the long termvision and action plan including thepolicy instruments for phasing out ofproduction and consumption of HCFCs inIndia.

– An Action Plan for implementation of theRoadmap for phasing out of HCFCs inIndia has been developed indicating theresponsibilities of agencies/organizationsand timelines for its smooth and effectiveimplementation.

– The HCFC Phase-out Management Plan(HPMP) on Refrigeration and AirConditioning (RAC) manufacturing andfoam manufacturing sectoral strategy hasbeen prepared in close cooperation withindustry associations.

– The RAC servicing sector strategy hasbeen prepared by the servicing sectorgroup of the industry under the guidanceof GIZ, Govt. of Germany as

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implementing agency inclose cooperation with theOzone Cell, MoEF.

– HPMP Stage-I, to complywith the 2013 and 2015targets, has been preparedin close cooperation withthe lead implementingagency and the associatedagencies and has beensubmitted to the MLFSecretariat after theapproval of the MoEF.

Achievements made

– India has met the followingcompliance targets as perthe control schedule of theMontreal Protocol:-– Phase out of

production of CFCs with effect from1st August, 2008, 17 months priorto the Montreal Protocol schedule.

– Complete phase-out of productionand consumption of CFCs, CTC andhalons with effect from 1st January,2010.

– The National Strategy for transitionto non-CFC MDIs and plan forphase-out of CFCs in the manufactureof pharmaceutical MDIs in India hasbeen successfully implemented.

– India in consultation with the MDImanufacturers has withdrawn theEUN for 2011 and also committednot to seek any EUN forpharmaceutical grade CFCs in future.This was one of the commendableachievements in the MDI sector.

– The Ex-Com of the MLF so far hasapproved a total of 301 projects involvingMLF funding of US $257,427,713 tothe Indian industry for phase-out ofproduction and consumption of 58,638ODP tones of the ODSs in India.

– Training, workshops were organized forservice technicians on good servicingpractices and retrofitting of CFC basedrefrigeration appliances to non-CFCs.More than 10,000 technicians havebeen trained under the National CFCConsumption Phase-out Plan (NCCoPP).

– The 17th International Day for thePreservation of the Ozone Layer wascelebrated in Delhi on 16th September,2011. The theme of this year’sInternational Ozone Day was “HCFCphase-out: a unique opportunity”.Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan, Hon’ble Ministerof State for Environment & Forests(Independent Charge) was the ChiefGuest. Around 650 school children,policy makers, technocrats andGovernment officials attended thefunction.

– On this occasion poster, painting, modelmaking, slogan writing, quiz, skitcompetitions were organized amongschool children. Prizes for the best 3 ineach competition were given. Thepublication “Montreal Protocol: India’s

Fig-73. Chief Guest Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan,(MEF) on Ozone Day celebration

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Success Story” was released anddistributed to the participants on thisoccasion.

– India took an initiative to understand theissues related to the production andconsumption of Hydrofluoro-carbons(HFCs) which are widely adopted asalternative to CFCs as well as HCFCs.An Indo-US workshop was organized inFebruary, 2011. As a follow up of theworkshop an India-US Task force wasestablished under the Co-Chairmanshipof Mr. J.M. Mauskar, Special Secretary,MoEF, Govt. of India and Mr. Daniel A.Reifsnyder, Deputy Assistant Secretary,US Department of State. The first meetingof the Task Force was held in June,2011. A draft report of the task Forceon HFCs has been prepared which wouldbe finalized in consultation with Indiaand USA.

– The combined 9th Meeting of theConference of the Parties (COP) to theVienna Convention for Protection of theOzone Layer and 23rd MOP to theMontreal Protocol was held from 21st to25th November, 2011 in Bali, Indonesia.The issues discussed during the abovemeeting including proposed amendmentsto the Montreal Protocol to bring phase-down of HFCs under the ambit of theMontreal Protocol, phase-out of HFC-23by-product emissions, sustained mitigationof ODS emissions from feedstock, processagent uses, additional information onalternatives to ODSs and potential areasof focus for the 2014 quadrennial reportof the Scientific Assessment Panel (SAP),the Environmental Effects AssessmentPanel (EEAP) and the Technology andEconomic Assessment Panel (TEAP). Anumber of ideas introduced in theConference aimed at selectivelyadvancing the agenda of developedcountries were firmly opposed by India

in cooperation with like minded countries.India played a vital role in generatingconsensus and based on India’sintervention, decisions were taken in theConference to ensure that the interest ofthe country and Indian industry areprotected.

– India has been elected as a Member ofthe Ex-Com of the MLF for theimplementation of the Montreal Protocolfor the year 2012.

– The following workshops were conductedduring this year:– A one day “Indo-US Workshop on

HFCs” was organized on 18th

February 2011 in Delhi tounderstand the issues related to theproduction and consumption of HFCs.

– A stakeholder workshop on CTCwas organized in close cooperationwith UNEP on 21st and 22nd

September, 2011.– The first meeting of the India-US Task

Force on HFCs was convened on22nd June 2011 at New Delhi todiscuss various issues relating toHFCs especially the availability oftransfer of technologies andimplications of phase-down of HFCs.

– A “Stakeholders Workshop onHPMP” was organized on 21st and22nd October, 2011 in New Delhiwith concerned industry stakeholdersincluding members from IPUA,RAMA, Refrigerant GasManufacturers Association(REGMA), implementing agenciesand bilateral agencies to finalise theHPMP.

– In addition to these, Workshops andSeminars are also being organisedon a regular basis for interactionwith industry, Government bodiesetc.

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Awards & Appreciations received sofar

– The Ozone Cell of India was conferred“The Montreal Protocol ImplementersAward, 2007” by the Montreal Protocol,Ozone Secretariat, UNEP, on theoccasion of the 20th Anniversary of theMontreal Protocol held on 16th

September, 2007 at Montreal, for itsextraordinary contributions in effectiveimplementation of the Montreal Protocoland the global effort to protect theOzone Layer.

– The Ozone Cell of India was conferred“The Montreal Protocol Exemplary ProjectRecognition Award”, for India’scontribution to the project “Foam SectorUmbrella Project for conversion to CFCfree technology”. Projects on EcologicalRefrigeration (ECOFRIG), Human andInstitutional Development for EcologyRefrigeration (HIDECOR) and NationalCFC Consumption Phase-out Plan(NCCoPP) were conferred “The MontrealProtocol Exemplary Project RecognitionAward” by the Montreal Protocol, OzoneSecretariat, UNEP, on the occasion ofthe 20th Anniversary of the MontrealProtocol held on 16th September, 2007at Montreal.

– The Stratospheric Ozone ProtectionAward, 2008: In recognition ofexceptional contributions to globalenvironmental protection, was conferredon Dr. A. Duraisamy, Director, Ozone

Cell by the United States EnvironmentalProtection Agency (USEPA), WashingtonDC for “Leadership in Ozone LayerProtection” at a special ceremony on19th May, 2008 at the Kennedy Centerfor the Performing Arts in WashingtonDC, U.S.A.

– The 22nd MOP of the Montreal Protocolheld from 8th to 12th November, 2010at Bangkok, Thailand congratulatedOzone Cell of India for its outstandingachievements for not seeking any CFCsfor manufacturing of MDIs under theEUN provisions of the Montreal Protocolfor the year 2011 and beyond.

– The 22nd MOP of the Montreal Protocolheld from 8th to 12th November 2010 atBangkok, Thailand appreciated the roleof Indian delegation for raising the issueof pre-blended polyols as a controlledsubstance and arriving at the decision toprovide funding to the enterprises inArticle-5 Parties for conversion from pre-blended polyols with HCFC-141b to non-ODS technologies.

– The Montreal Protocol Certificate ofRecognition was awarded to Ozone Cellof India on 7th October, 2011, forcompliance with 2010 obligations to thephase out of Annexure-A, Group-I, Group-II and Annexure-B, Group-I, Group-IIOzone Depleting Substances, by theOzone Secretariat for the ViennaConvention and the Montreal Protocol.

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Introduction

The Ministry of Environment and Forestsis the nodal Ministry in the Government ofIndia for all Multilateral EnvironmentalAgreements. These include Vienna Conventionfor the Protection of the Ozone Layer, MontrealProtocol on Substances that deplete the OzoneLayer, Conventions on Biological Diversity,UN Framework Convention on ClimateChange, UN Convention to CombatDesertification, Kyoto Protocol, the BaselConvention on Trans-boundary Movement ofHazardous Substances, Stockholm Conventionon Persistent Organic Pollutants, RotterdamConvention, Ramsar Convention etc.

International Co-operation Division is thenodal point within the Ministry to coordinateall international environmental cooperationand sustainable development issues. It is thenodal Division for United Nations EnvironmentProgramme (UNEP), United NationsDevelopment Programme (UNDP), the WorldBank, UNIDO, Global Environment Facility(GEF) and regional bodies like Economic &Social Commission for Asia & Pacific (ESCAP),South Asian Association for RegionalCooperation (SAARC), South Asia CooperativeEnvironment Programme (SACEP), AsianDevelopment Bank and European Union (EU),India Brazil South Africa (IBSA) Summit onEnvironment, etc. The Division also handlesbilateral country to country co-operation inthe areas of environment protection. ThisDivision also provides funds for deputation ofofficers for participation in meetings organizedby UNEP, UNDESA, GEF and other UNAgencies and international organizations.

The division supports annual contributionto International Organizations such as ASEANGreen Fund, United Nations Convention toCombat Desertification, Integrated MountainDevelopment (ICIMOD), SAARC, SACEP etc.

Progress/Achievements during theyear

United Nations EnvironmentProgramme (UNEP)

– The United Nations EnvironmentProgramme (UNEP) established in 1972,is the principle entity within the UNSystem to assist the developing countriesin building scientific and technicalcapacity, fostering partnership andknowledge development to promoteenvironment for sustainable development.Based in Nairobi, Kenya, UNEP activitiesrange from assessment of environmentaltrends, especially early warning systemsto deal with the environmental disastersand emergencies to the promotion ofenvironmental science and information.

– One of the main responsibilities of theUNEP is to keep under review the worldenvironmental situation and ensure thatemerging environmental problems of wideinternational significance are prioritizedand receive appropriate and adequateconsideration by the Governments. UNEPhas six priority areas viz: (i) climatechange (ii) ecosystem management (iii)disasters and conflicts (iv) resourceefficiency (v) harmful substances andhazardous waste and (vi) environmentgovernance.

– The Governing Council/GlobalMinisterial Environment Forum of theUNEP is a high level environment policyforum which brings the world’s environmentministers together to review the importantand emerging policy issues in the fieldof the environment. The Council/Forummeets annually at Nairobi, Kenya ingeneral sessions and outside Kenya inspecial sessions in alternate years.

– The UNEP Council/Forum had organizedits 26th Session at Nairobi, Kenya from21-24 February, 2011. The Council/Forum had focused on the overarching

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theme of “Contribution of UNEP to thepreparatory process of the United NationsConference on Sustainable Development”.Under this theme, two interlinked topicswere discussed :(i) Green Economy—benefits,

challenges and risks associated witha green economy transition, and

(ii) International environmentalgovernance.

– India being a member of the GoverningCouncil, participated in the 26th Sessionof the Council/Forum at Nairobi from21-24 February, 2011. IndianDelegation was led by Secretary (E&F).India reiterated its commitment to provideleadership and partnership in ourcollective quest for sustainable future.India also recalled the gains made at the10th Meeting of the Conference of Parties(CoP) to the Convention of BiologicalDiversity at Nagoya, Japan and calledupon the countries to come forward andratify the Access and Benefit Sharing(ABS) Protocol at the earliest. Theprotocol contributes to conservation ofbiodiversity and equitable sharing ofbenefits.

– India had also highlighted severalinitiatives taken for greening of theeconomy, which is seen as an opportunityto further growth. Simultaneously, it alsodrew caution to the possibility that thediscourse of Green Economy may becomea stumbling block in the way of otheroverriding priorities of developingeconomies. The scope of green economyshould be clearly defined and universallyaccepted.

– As regards International EnvironmentGovernance, India would supportinitiatives on creating a strong andcredible interface on science policy andmarket development, achievingeffectiveness and coherence within theUN System, securing sufficient, predictable

and coherent funds and ensuring aresponsive approach including technologytransfer and capacity building.

– The proceedings of the 26th GC/GMEFmay be seen at UNEP website at http://www.unep.org/gc/gc26/docs/Proceedings/K1170817_E-GC26-19_Proceedings.pdf .

– Government of India provides contributionto the UNEP Environment Fund annuallyat the rate of US $ 100,000.Contributions upto the calendar year2011 has been transmitted to the UNEPSecretariat.

UNEP’s International Resource Paneland Steering Committee

– Constituted in 2007 by the UNEP, theInternational Resource Panel (IRP) is ascientific panel of experts that supportsscience-based policy making on resourceuse and green economy strategies forproviding scientific assessments and expertadvice viz:(i) Scientific assessments of policy

relevant on sustainable use of naturalresources and in particular, theirenvironmental impacts over the fulllife cycle; and

(ii) Contribute a better understandingon how to decouple economic growthfrom environmental degradation.

– The International Resource Panel consistsof 25 experts from leading institutionsaround the world involved with all aspectsof resource use and management. Thepanel is co-chaired by Prof. Ernst Ulrichvon Weizsacker, former Chairman of theBundestag Environment Committee(Germany) and Dr. Ashok Khosla,President of the International Union forConservation of Nature (IUCN) andFounder of the Development Alternatives,New Delhi, India. The panel is supportedby a Steering Committee made up ofrepresentatives of many governments, the

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European Commission and otherintergovernmental and civil societyorganizations. India is the member of theSteering Committee.

– The themes covered by the IRP’s scientificassessments are:– Decoupling to provide a scientific

understanding of resourceproductivity and decouplingeconomic growth from environmentalharm, alongwith related policies andmethodologies.

– Environmental impacts to produceauthoritative, coherent, policy-relevant assessments outlining thoseproduct groups and materials thatare most responsible forenvironmental impacts and resourcescarcity, and providing options fordecreasing their impacts.

– Global metals flows to help reuseand recycling activities of metalsand establish the concept of‘material-cycles’ within internationalsociety by providing scientific andauthoritative assessments on theglobal extraction and use of metals.

– Water efficiency to assess the statusand options for decoupling economicgrowth from water usage, pollutionand contamination by improvingefficiency in water harvesting,demand and supply, and recyclingin selected sectors.

– Land and soil to assess global landuse and soil management, exploringhow these two dimensions ofagriculture are connected andpromoting sustainable managementof land globally.

– The Ministry of Environment & Forestshas co-hosted the 9th Meeting of UNEP’sInternational Resource Panel and SteeringCommittee in New Delhi from 18-22November, 2011 in collaboration with

the United Nations EnvironmentProgramme (UNEP) and the DevelopmentAlternatives, New Delhi.

– The meeting of the International ResourcePanel (IRP) was held on 18th & 20th

November, 2011 to discuss selectedissues like Decoupling (cities and water),Impacts (Clean Technology & Trade),Metals reports etc. A joint meeting ofthe International Resource Panel andSteering Committee was held on 21st &22nd November, 2011. The joint meetingwas inaugurated by Secretary (E&F),Ministry of Environment and Forestsparticipated in the meeting of the SteeringCommittee. The Indian delegation madeseveral important suggestions on thereports as well as on the operationalprocedures of the IRP. The SteeringCommittee considered revision of theoperational procedures like appointmentof Co-chairs, tenure of appointment,increase in the number of members of theInternational Resource Panel from present25 to 40, etc.

Global Environment Facility (GEF)

– India is a founder member of GEF(www.gefweb.org), the largest multilateralfunding mechanism providing incrementalproject grant to the developing countrieson global environmental issues with localbenefits. Set up in 1991, 182governments are its members. India isboth a donor and recipient of GEF grant.We chair and represent the GEF SouthAsia Constituency (comprising ofBangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Maldivesand Sri Lanka) in the GEF Councilmeetings twice a year. The 4th GEF SouthAsia Constituency meeting was hostedby the Government of Sri Lanka inColombo focusing on GEF 5 operationaland programming issues.

– The Ministry of Environment and Forests(MoEF) is the GEF Operational Focal

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Point for India for coordination andoperational matters. Department ofEconomic Affairs (DEA) in Ministry ofFinance is the GEF Political Focal Pointfor India dealing with policy andgovernance issues. The GEF EmpoweredCommittee chaired by Secretary (E&F)guides, approves and overlooks GEFoperations in the country.

– Since 1991, India has accessed USD326 million as GEF grant and leveragedUSD 2 billion of co-financing for climatechange, biodiversity, land degradation,international waters and chemicalsprojects while contributing USD 51 millionto the GEF Trust Fund (1991 - June2014). India has received an indicativeallocation of USD 129 million underGEF 5 cycle (July 2010 – June 2014)and in consultation with the concernedstakeholders, the Ministry has identifiedand prioritized concepts for GEF 5programming. The detail projectdocuments are under preparation.

– The Ministry organized GEF NationalDialogue Workshop along with GEFSecretariat at Goa in September 2011to review its current project portfolio aswell as to program for the current GEF5 cycle. The Dialogue underscored thefact that GEF India project portfolio isvibrant and strong not only in terms ofthe type/ nature of projects but also interms of showcasing positive impacts.This trend needs to be strengthened. GEFIndia brochure and project flyers werereleased and are available at Ministry.

GEF Small Grants Program (SGP) India

– GEF Small Grants Program (SGP)provides project grant of USD 50,000to NGOs and local communities toaddress environmental and livelihoodchallenges. SGP is operational in 122countries and more than 12,000 grantshave been awarded worldwide. In India,

the program started in 1997 and Centrefor Environment Education was selectedas the National Host Institution (NHI) bythe Ministry in 2000 for this program.United Nations Development Programme(UNDP) is the GEF Implementing Agencyfor SGP. Till date, nearly 331 projectsawarded worth USD 7.1 million of GEFgrant while generated USD 8.9 millionof co-financing.

– This year, four projects were nationaland internationally recognized andawarded for a) Earth Care Award 2011was conferred to Energy ResearchApplications for promoting smokelessfuel from biomass waste and its impacton climate change mitigation andadaptation; b) NGO partner IBTADA’sproject on animal husbandry practicesas sustainable livelihoods, empoweringwomen through credit, self-help andalternative fuels/energy sources was thefirst ‘Runners Up’ for Outstanding AnnualReport in medium category (50 lakhs to5 crores) by CSO partners Forum inIndia; c) Maldhari Rural Action Group(MARAG)’s project on institutionalizingorganic approach in land up- gradationto optimize livelihood options of poorfamilies found space in UN PermanentForum of Indigenous issues at New Yorkand received tremendous response; and,d) SAMBANDH’s project on promotingindigenous knowledge for bio-diversityconservation and its applications forhealth and livelihood security amongtribal communities in India recognizedby World Banks India DevelopmentMaketplace competition.

– SGP grant applications can be submittedyear round. For more details visit,www.sgpindia.org

New GEF-SGP OP 5 Project

– The GEF Operational Phase (OP) 5cycle is proposed to be operational forthe period from 2012-2016 and the

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proposal has been submitted to UNDPfor onward submission to GEF for CEOendorsement and operationalization. TheGEF Grant for the entire project durationis 5,000,000 USD, the details of whichare as follows:

Year Amount Amount in INRin USD (1 USD= Rs. 47)

2012-13 1,800,000 Rs. 8,46,00,0002013-14 1,500,000 Rs. 7,05,00,0002014-15 1,200,000 Rs. 5,64,00,0002015-16 500,000 Rs. 2,35,00,000

– The objectives of the GEF OP 5 projectare targeted to the Biodiversity (BD),Climate Change Mitigation (CCM) andLand Degradation (LD) Focal Areas. Theproject also supports the objectives of the5th Operational Phase of the global SGP.

– Under the Biodiversity Focal Area, theproject will support mainstreaming thebiodiversity and seeks to increase thenumber of hectares of sustainablymanaged landscapes and seascapes thatintegrate biodiversity conservation andincorporate measures to conservebiodiversity into local level policy andplanning framework.

– Under the Climate Change Mitigation(CCM) focal area, the project will providegrants to promote the demonstration,development and transfer of innovativelow carbon solutions and low carbonpractices at the community level, such asmicro-solar power and fuel-efficient stoves,which would also lead to investments inrenewable energy and reduced GHGemissions.

– The Land Degradation focal area includes:Agricultural and rangeland systems; andForest landscapes. The project will seekto maintain or improve the flow of agro-ecosystem and forest ecosystem servicesto sustain community livelihoods.

South Asian Association for RegionalCooperation (SAARC)

– The South Asian Association for RegionalCooperation (SAARC), which is anintergovernmental body, was establishedin 1985 with the aim to provide aplatform for the people of South Asia towork together in a spirit of friendship,trust and understanding so that the processof economic and social development inMember States could be accelerated.The SAARC has eight countries as itsmembers, viz., Afghanistan, Bangladesh,Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan,Sri Lanka.

– With a view to provide directives andmandate for regional co-operation underthe SAARC, the SAARC Secretariatorganizes meeting of the Heads of Stateor Government once a year or moreoften as and when considered necessaryby the Member States known as SAARCSummit. So far 17 Summits had beenheld.

– The 17th SAARC Summit was held on 10-11 of November 2011 in Addu City,Maldives. Three areas of cooperationwere highlighted in the 17th Summit viz:trade, transport and economic integration;security issues such piracy and climatechange; and good governance in whichprogress should be made. The MemberStates were called on to establish acommission to address issues of genderinequalities in South Asia. The followingfour agreements were signed in theSummit :(i) SAARC Agreement on Rapid

Response to Natural Disasters(ii) SAARC Agreement on Multilateral

Arrangement on Recognition ofConformity Assessment

(iii) SAARC Agreement onImplementation of RegionalStandards

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(iv) SAARC Seed Bank Agreement– So far, nine Environment Ministers’

Conferences of SAARC countries havebeen held. The 9th Meeting of theSAARC Environment Ministers was heldin Thimphu, Bhutan on 29th September,2011. Prior to this, 4th meeting of theSAARC Technical Committee onEnvironment and Forestry was held atThimphu, Bhutan on 27-28 September2011. Additional Secretary in-charge ofIC Division led the Indian Delegation inboth the meetings.

– During the 8th meeting of the SAARCEnvironment Ministers held in New Delhi,India from 19-20 October, 2009,Minister for Environment and Forests hadannounced a one-time grant of onemillion US dollar each for capacitybuilding and strengthening of SAARCForestry Center in Bhutan and SAARCCoastal Management Center in Maldivesequivalent to Rs.10.00 crore. The Ministryhas released the entire amount to theSAARC Secretariat, Kathmandu foronward transmission to the SAARCForestry Center, Bhutan and SAARCCoastal Management Center, Maldivesrespectively.

South Asia Cooperative EnvironmentProgramme (SACEP)

– The South Asia Cooperative EnvironmentProgramme (SACEP) was set up in 1982with headquarters in Colombo, Sri Lanka.It aims to promote regional Co-operationin South Asia in the field of environment,both natural and human, in the contextof sustainable development and on issuesof economic and social developmentwhich also impinge on the environmentand vice versa. It supports conservationand management of natural resources ofthe region by working closely with allnational, regional, and internationalinstitutions, governmental andnongovernmental, as well as experts and

groups engaged in such co-operationand conservation efforts.

– Secretary, Ministry of Environment andForests is the SACEP Focal Point forIndia. The SACEP holds its GoverningCouncil (GC) meetings, which concentrateon current regional issues as well asglobal concerns.

– This Ministry provides Government ofIndia’s annual contribution to the SACEP.During the financial year 2011-12, theMinistry has released Rs.14,34,686/-(US$ 31,850) as annual contribution tothe SACEP.

The World Bank

– International Cooperation Division isnodal division for the overall World Bankportfolio in environmental projects. Itcoordinates the initial tying up of activitiesincluding crucial negotiations before theprojects are actually started by theconcerned thematic divisions.

Bilateral Cooperation

Ministry of Environment and Forestshas bilateral cooperation agreements with anumber of countries such as the USA, UK,Canada, China, Germany, Denmark, Sweden,Norway, Finland etc. Most of these agreementsare operated through the Joint Working Groups.These agreements provide mechanism forinternational interactions and consultation inthe field of environment.

The main activities during the year

Action Plan Support Facility

Action Plan Support Facility (APSF) wasa programme designed to implement theIndia-EU Joint Action Plan. The Plan outlinedcooperation initiatives in the field ofenvironment/ climate in particular to developdialogues on global environmental issues witha view to building mutual understanding onmultilateral environmental agreements.

The total EC contribution of eight millionEuro (to APSF) was divided between separate

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components of environment, energy, academiccooperation and business and industrycooperation. The APSF environmentcomponent focused on the priority sectors of(a) Waste, (b) Climate Change, (c) AirPollution, (d) Water and (e) Chemicals.

Two Study Tours under EU-India ActionPlan Support Facility ( APSF) were organizedby Economic Cooperation Section of EuropeanUnion. The Study Tour on River BasinManagement was held during 15-21 May,2011 and Study Tour on ‘Management of E-Wastes’ was held during 22-29 May, 2011.Officers from the Ministry, CPCB and alsofrom State Governments participated in it. TheAPSF programme has been concluded on16th June, 2011.

Joint Working Group Meeting withFrance

Second meeting of Joint Working Groupon Environment has been held between Indiaand France on 5th July, 2011 in Paris. Theinter ministerial Indian Delegation in thismeeting was led by Secretary ( E & F) andbesides JS(IC), the representatives of Ministryof Power, Ministry of Small and MediumEnterprises (MSME) as also representatives ofbusiness groups also participated in themeeting. The issues pertaining to ClimateChange, Bio-diversity, Energy Efficiency, Newand Renewable Energy were discussed in themeeting.

Agreements signed during the year

– A Memorandum of Understandingbetween the Government of the Republicof India and the Government of thePeople’s Republic of Bangladesh onConservation of the Sunderban wassigned in September, 2011.The MoU seeks to facilitate cooperationin the areas of conservation of biodiversity,joint management of resources, livelihoodgeneration for poverty alleviation anddevelopment, cataloging of local flora

and fauna and studying the impacts ofclimate change. A working Group wouldbe set up to implement the activitiesunder MoU. The MoU is valid for aninitial period of five years which can beextended further through mutual consent.

– A Protocol between the Government ofthe Republic of India and the Governmentof the People’s Republic of Bangladeshon Conservation of the Royal BengalTiger of the Sunderban was signed on 6th

September, 2011.The Protocol on Conservation of theRoyal Bengal Tiger of the Sunderbanprovides for bilateral cooperation inundertaking scientific research, knowledgesharing and patroling of the Sunderbanwaterways on their respective sides toprevent poaching or smuggling ofderivatives from wildlife and bilateralinitiatives to ensure survival andconservation of the Royal Bengal Tigerin the unique ecosystem of the Sunderban.The Protocol also provides for cooperationto promote understanding and knowledgeof Royal Bengal Tigers, exchange ofpersonnel for training and promotion ofeducation.

– A MoU on cooperation in the field ofenvironment has been signed on 4th

March, 2012 between Government ofRepublic of India and the Government ofArab Republic of Egypt.The main areas of cooperation are WasteManagement including AgriculturalWaste, Electronic waste, Tackling theimpact of climate change, the use of biofuels, Marine environment protection andintegrated coastal zone management,Air quality and water quality, theprotection of wetlands & waterconservation, Biological Diversity andnature conservation, Environmentalinformation systems, Waste watermanagement and reuse of treated effluents,Afforestation in arid areas etc.

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5th Meeting of India- EU EnvironmentForum

5th Meeting of India- EU EnvironmentForum was held on 29th September, 2011 inNew Delhi. The theme of the meeting was“Securing Biodiversity”. The meeting was co-chaired by Mr. Hem Pande, Joint Secretary,Ministry of Environment & Forests and Mr.Timo Makela, Director for International Affairs,Directorate General Environment, EuropeanCommission. The main items of discussion inthe meeting were :

– The policies and measures on biodiversityin India

– The 2011 European Union strategy onbiodiversity

– Indo-German project and study onbiodiversity and livelihoods

– Indo-UK projects on rural livelihood

– Biodiversity conservation andmanagement: Experience from GEF India

– EU-China cooperation on biodiversity:Capacity building as a key tool.

– Coastal and marine biodiversity in India– Coastal ecosystems and climate change7th Meeting of India-EU Joint WorkingGroup on Environment

7th Meeting of India-EU Joint WorkingGroup on Environment was held on 30th

September, 2011 in New Delhi. The meetingwas presided over by Mr. Hem Pande, Jointsecretary from Indian side and Mr. TimoMakela, Director for International Affairs,Directorate General Environment, EuropeanCommission. The meeting, inter-alia, discussedfollow-up to the Environment Forum onChemicals, Rio+20 preparation of positionson both sides, Preparation for Durban UnitedNation Framework Convention on ClimateChange (UNFCCC) and 11th Conference ofParties ( CoP 11) to Convention on Biological

Diversity (CBD) to be hosted by India atHyderabad during 1st-19th October, 2012.

Activities Scheduled

Joint Working Group meetings withNorway, Sweden, Finland and Canada areproposed in the upcoming year viz. 2012.

Externally Aided Projects (EAPs) /North-East Cell

The Externally Aided Projects (EAP)Division deals with the appraisals, approvalsand monitoring of Forestry Projects beingimplemented in the States with assistance fromexternal donors. These projects areimplemented in the States with assistance fromexternal funding agencies viz. JapanInternational Cooperation Agency (JICA), AFD(French Development Agency), World Bank(WB), etc.

The funds are utilized for promotingafforestation, rehabilitation of degraded forestareas, water and soil conservation measures,farm forestry, agro forestry with the aim toincrease forest and tree cover as well as toaugment availability of fuel wood and fodder,improve the livelihood opportunities and qualityof life of the villagers adjoining forests,strengthening joint forest managementinstitutions to ensure people’s participation,besides encouraging tree growing on privateland as well as greening of the urban areasin accordance to the objectives envisaged invarious projects under implementation. Theseprojects inter-alia also aim at low-key economicactivities with a view to augment the incomeof the people, employment generation as wellas addressing the sustainability in perpetuityonce the funding ceases to flow due tocompletion of the project. These projects arereimbursed their actual expenditure as per theloan agreements.

At present, Eleven State Sector ForestryProjects with an investment of about Rs. 6453Crores are being implemented in Ten Statesand another one project under Central Sector

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S. No.

Name of the Project

Implementing Agency/

State

Cost (Rs.

Crores)

Funding Agency

Project Objectives Components Project Period

1. Rajasthan Forestry and Biodiversity Project (Phase-II)

Rajasthan 1152 JICA To enhance forest area and livelihood opportunities of the forest dependent people and to conserve biodiversity by undertaking afforestation and biodiversity conservation measures through JFM approach, thereby contributing to environmental conservation and socio-economic development of Rajasthan.

(i) Afforestation (ii) Agro Forestry (iii) Water conservation

Structures (iv) Biodiversity Conservation (v) Community Mobilization (vi) Poverty Alleviation and

Livelihood Improvement (vii) Capacity Building, Training & Research (viii) Monitoring and Evaluation (ix) Consulting Services

2011-12

to

2018-19

2. Tamil Nadu Biodiversity Conservation and Greening Project

Tamil Nadu 686 JICA To strengthen biodiversity conservation by improving ecosystem and the management capacity as well as undertaking tree planting outside the recorded forest areas, thereby contributing to environmental conservation and harmonized socio-economic development of Tamil Nadu.

(i) Biodiversity Conservation (ii) Increasing the Natural

Resources base (iii) Institutional Capacity

Development (iv) Consulting Services

2011-12

to

2018-19

3. Sikkim Biodiversity Conservation and Forest Management Project

Sikkim 330 JICA To strengthen biodiversity conservation activities and forest management capacity, and improve livelihood for local people who are dependent on forests by promoting sustainable biodiversity conservation, afforestation and income generation

(i) Forest and biodiversity conservation

(ii) Eco –tourism (iii) Joint Forest Management (iv) Supporting Activities (v) Consulting Services

2010-11

to

2019-20

titled “Capacity Building for Frontline Staff inForestry Sector” with an outlay of Rs. 225crores is being implemented in 11 States.

Details of projects under implementation, theircomponents, Project objectives, project cost,project period etc. are given in the Table-50.

Table-50. Details of ongoing projects through financial assistance from external funding agencies

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S. No.

Name of the Project

Implementing Agency/

State

Cost (Rs.

Crores)

Funding Agency

Project Objectives Components Project Period

activities including eco-tourism for the community development, thereby contributing environment conservation and harmonized socio-economic development of Sikkim.

4. Capacity Development for Forest Management and Training of Personnel

Central Sector Project

225 JICA To improve training environment for frontline staff through the rehabilitation of State Forest Training Institutes and through capacity building of frontline forestry staff putting emphasis on Joint Forest Management (JFM), thereby strengthening human resource development for sustainable forest management.

(i) To improve training environment for frontline staff through the rehabilitation of States Forest Training Institutes and through capacity building of frontline forestry staff putting emphasis on Joint Forest Management (JFM), thereby strengthening human resource development for sustainable forest management.

2008-09

to

2013-14

(5 years and 3

months)

5. Uttar Pradesh Participatory Forest Management and Poverty Alleviation Project

Uttar Pradesh 575 JICA To restore degraded forests, to augment forest resources and to improve livelihood and empower the local people who are dependent on forests by promoting sustainable forest management including JFM plantation and community development, thereby improving environment and alleviating poverty

(i) Plantations, regeneration of forests, etc.

(ii) Institutional Strengthening of PMU/DMUs/FMUs

(iii) Rehabilitation of Forest Training Institute at Lucknow.

(iv) Communication and Publication.

(v) Monitoring and Evaluation. (vi) Physical Contingency (vii) Consulting Services

2008-09 to

2015-16

6. Gujarat Forestry Development Project – Phase II

Gujarat 830 JICA To restore degraded forests and improve the livelihoods for and empower the local people who are dependent on forests by promoting sustainable forest management including JFM plantation and community/ tribal development, thereby improving

(i) Preparatory works

(ii) Departmental Forest Development and Management

(iii) JFM Forest Development and Management

(iv) Social Forestry Development and Management

(v) Forest Research

(vi) Communication and Publication

(vii) Wildlife Conservation and

2007-08 to

2014-15

(ii)

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S. No.

Name of the Project

Implementing Agency/

State

Cost (Rs.

Crores)

Funding Agency

Project Objectives Components Project Period

environment and alleviating poverty.

Management (i) Monitoring and Evaluation (ii) Phase-out works (iii) Consulting Services

(including price and physical cont.)

7. Tripura Forest Environmental Improvement and Poverty Alleviation Project

Tripura 460 JICA To restore degraded forests and improve the livelihood aspects of villagers, including tribal families engaged in traditional shifting cultivation and promoting sustainable forest management through JFM, thereby improving environment and alleviating poverty

(i) Rehabilitation of degraded land.

(ii) Rehabilitation of degraded and available non forest land.

(iii) Farm forestry in Private holding.

(iv) Eco-Development. (v) Service Support. (vi) Rehabilitation of families

engaged in shifting cultivation.

(vii) Interface forestry Development.

(viii) Supporting Works.

2007-08 to

2014-15

8. Swan River Integrated Watershed Management Project

Himachal Pradesh

162 JICA To regenerate the forests, protect the agricultural land, and enhance agricultural and forestry production in the catchment area of the Swan River, Himachal Pradesh State, by carrying out the integrated watershed management activities including afforestation, civil works for soil and river management, soil protection and land reclamation, and livelihood improvement activities, thereby improving living conditions of people including the poor in the catchment area.

(i) Afforestation

(ii) Civil Work for Soil & River Management

(iii) Soil Protection & Land Reclamation

(iv) Livelihood Improvement

(v) Institutional Development

2006-07 to

2013-14

9. Orissa Forestry Sector Development Project

Orissa 660 JICA To restore degraded forests and improve the income level of villagers by promoting sustainable forest management including JFM plantation and Community/tribal development, thereby

(i) Protection and Conservation of Biodiversity of forests

(ii) Improving productivity of natural forests.

(iii) Providing livelihood options for the people (Support to VSS)

(iv) Eco-development and

2006-07 to

2012-13

(viii)(ix)(x)

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S. No.

Name of the Project

Implementing Agency/

State

Cost (Rs.

Crores)

Funding Agency

Project Objectives Components Project Period

improving environment and alleviating poverty.

ecotourism activities

(v) Catering to commercial and industrial demands.

(vi) Capacity building of the Forest Department.

10. Karnataka Sustainable Forests Management & Bio-diversity Conservation Project.

Karnataka

745 JICA To restore forests to bring about ecological restoration and also to facilitate livelihood improvement of the inhabitants of the project villages by afforestation through Joint Forest Planning and Management (JFPM) in the State of Karnataka, which further contributes to reducing poverty and preserving biodiversity conservation of the area.

(i) Afforestation (ii) Income Generation

Activities for Poverty Alleviation

(iii) Biodiversity Conservation (iv) Provision of Basic

Infrastructure Support for Field work.

(v) Supporting Activities for Forest Management (Research and Training, Consultancy, and Enhancement of Geographic Information System (GIS) and Management Information System (MIS)

2005-06

to

2012-13

11. Tamil Nadu Afforestation project phase-II

Tamil Nadu 567 JICA To restore forests to bring about ecological restoration and also to facilitate livelihood improvement of the inhabitants of the project villages by afforestation through Joint Forest Management in the State of Tamil Nadu, which further contributes to reducing poverty in the area.

(i) Integrated Watershed Development

(ii) Integrated Tribal Development

(iii) Forestry Extension

(iv) Urban Forestry

(v) Capacity Building Research Support

(vi) Human Resources Development

(vii) Establishment of Modern Nurseries

(viii) Improving the infrastructural facilities

(ix) Administration

(x) Monitoring and Evaluation

2005-06 to

2012-13

12. Integrated Natural Resources Management and Poverty Reduction Project in Haryana

Haryana 286 JICA A. To rehabilitate forest lands in an ecologically sustainable manner. B. To improve the quality of life of the villagers and adjoining forests

(i) Soil and Water Conservation

(ii) Plantation model and nursery development

(iii) Poverty reduction and institution building

(iv) Technical assistance (v) Supporting activities (vi) Administration Staff.

2004-05

to

2010-11

TOTAL 6678

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Projects finalized for externalassistance

The following forestry projects have beenfinalized for external funding:

Integrated Forestry Development and Bio-diversity Conservation through People’sParticipation in West Bengal (Minutes ofDiscussion signed on 18th October, 2011.

Projects under consideration forexternal assistance:

The following forestry projects have beenincluded for consideration under the RollingPlan for FY 2010-12 for external funding:

– Under consideration by JapanInternational CooperationAgency (JICA)– Integrated Forest Resources

Management Project in Jammu &Kashmir

– Nagaland Afforestation and Eco-development project

– Under consideration by AFD(French Development Agency)– Assam Project on Forest and Bio-

diversity ConservationProjects under appraisal/ clearancestage for external assistance

The following projects areproposed to be forwarded to externalagencies for consideration in 2010-11:

– Simultaneous Treatment of FringeForest and Adjoining Non-forestlands for Conservation ofWater, Bio-diversity, Sustainabilityof JFM and Poverty Alleviation(Central Sector Project).

– Andhra Pradesh Forest ProductivityEnhancement Project

– Non Timber Forests Produce –Livelihood Possibilities in

Uttarakhand.– Non Timber Forests Produce (NTFP) –

Livelihood possibilities for local ruralcommunities in the State of MadhyaPradesh.EAP Division also acts as a nodal point,

being the North-East Cell, in respect ofNorth Eastern States for forestry related mattersand following activities:

– Forest based industrial estates,– Transportation of forest produce,– Court cases in apex court, etc.Case studies of JICA assisted Forestry Projects:I. ‘Mangroves the Protector and

Provider’ – A Success Story,Mohanpur Village, BhadrakDivision (Odisha Forestry SectorDevelopment ProjectMohanpur is one of the villages chosen

for intervention under the Odisha ForestrySector Development Project (OFSDP).Mangroves had been lost from this village andthe villagers were feeling unsafe. UnderOFSDP 220 ha of mangrove plantation wasraised in this village through active people’sparticipation. Last year, during October, 2010when the Odisha coast experienced cyclonic

Fig-74. Fodder grass for stall feeding

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14low pressure, the three years old MangrovePlantation played a very crucial role in saving800 acres of mature standing paddy cropsfrom saline water intrusion. Mangroveplantation reduced the six ft. height fast tidalwaves to three ft. height slow waves. Thus thesaline water could not enter the agriculturefield and paddy crop was saved. Thevillagers are also getting the following benefitsdue to the mangrove plantations:

– Mangrove plantations areacting like a breeding groundfor crabs since they are freefrom crab and fish collection.Fishing folk get four to five kgcrab catch from long line netwhere there was no crab catchearlier.

– The fishing communities arealso getting fish and crabcatch in the fish bone channelsmade for raising plantations,which are very near to thevillage.

– Fodder grasses are availablein plenty and the villages havevoluntarily banned opengrazing and started stallfeeding. Milk production hasincreased from four to six ltrsto eight to twelve ltrs per day.

The villagers have now resolved toprotect the mangrove plantation areas, asa result of which natural regeneration iscoming up as well. Thus, the three yearsold mangrove plantation has shown greatpromise not only to act as a bio-shield, butalso providing livelihood securities to thecoastal communities.

II.Broom Grass Initiative of theTripura JICA Project

– Centre of Excellence set up under theTripura Forest Environmental improvementand Poverty Alleviation Project had takenup harvesting, processing, value additionand marketing of the broom grass in oneof the Forest Ranges i.e. Pecharthal..

– The 14 Joint Forest ManagementCommittees (JFMC) had collected 522Tonnes of broom grass in PechartalRange in Public-Private-Partnership (PPP)mode. The collectors got the collectioncharges @ Rs.33/- per Kilogram and the

Fig-75. Mangrove plantation at Mohanpur village, Odisha

Fig-76. Broom grass initiative of the Tripura JICA Project

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14 JFMCs received Rs. 1.72 Crores injust four months from December to March,2011.

– The grass was partly sold and partly keptfor value addition and selling as brooms.26 Self Help Groups (SHGs) are involvedin making of brooms. From the valueaddition every family is getting upto

Rs.500/- per day. The activity couldgenerate employment to the participatingforest dependent communities all throughthe year.

– The participating members of the JFMCshave voluntarily contributed Rs.50,000/- to the Government as royalty which isone of the unique instances of this kind.

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Personnel AdministrationStaff Position

The staff strength of the Ministry includingNAEB, NRCD is given in Table-51.

The Ministry have outsourced someclerical/office support jobs to tide over theshortage of the staff during the year.

Review and Promotion under FCS

The screening/interviews of Scientists,conducted during the current year under theFlexible Complementing Scheme (FCS),involving a two-tier system of evaluation forreview/assessment of the Scientists for theirpromotion (Table-52).

RecruitmentDuring the current year, the following

posts of Scientists were filled by way of DirectRecruitment/Deputation:

Ministry 06 posts of(Proper) Scientist ‘C’ on DR basis

01 post ofScientist ‘E’ on DR basis

01 post of Scientist ‘F’on DR basis

National Museum 01 post ofof Natural History Scientist ‘C’on

DR basis

Botanical Survey 01 Post of Directorof India (Scientist ‘G’) on DR basis

06 posts of Scientist ‘C’ on DR basisIndian Forest Service (IFS) CadreManagement

Mandate

– The Indian Forest Service (IFS) CadreManagement Division is enjoined uponto handle the business of the Ministry asthe Cadre Controlling Authority for theIndian Forest Service (one of the three AllIndia Service).

– The total authorized cadre strength of theIndian Forest Service as on 1st January,2011 is 3079 (three thousand seventynine) which includes 2146 Direct Recruitsand 933 Promotion posts. The TotalSenior Duty Posts (SDP) in the IndianForest Service are 1881 and remainingunder various reserves. Besides servingthe 31 Forest Departments in the Statesand Union Territories managing thecountry’s natural resources, a goodnumber of the IFS officers are in various

Organisation No. of Scientists No. of Scientistsscreened for successful in the

Interview Interview

Ministry (Proper) including Regional Offices 04 04

National River Conservation Directorate 02 02

Table-52. The screening/interviews of Scientists, conducted during the year under the FlexibleComplementing Scheme (FCS)

Table-51. Number of employees in various groups and with reservation positions.

Group Sanctioned Number in Scheduled Scheduled OBCs Physicallyof Post Strength position Caste Tribes Handicapped

A 191 178 13 3 9 2B 285 230 29 7 9 4C 392 272 89 15 11 4Total 868 680 131 25 29 10

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Ministries and institutions both in theState and at the Central Deputation.Main Activities of the IFS Cadre

Management are:

– Determination of vacancies and framingof rules for Direct Recruitment andallocation of cadres to IFS probationers.

– Determination of vacancies for inductionof State Forest Service Officers bypromotion into Indian Forest Service,coordination of Selection CommitteeMeeting, Determination of Year ofAllotments Seniority.

– Cadre of Review of revision in thecomposition and strength of IFS in variouscadres.

– Selection/ appointment of IFS officers tovarious posts under Central StaffingScheme of the Ministry and to variousautonomous bodies including IndianCouncil of Forestry Research & Education,Dehradun; Indian Institute of ForestManagement, Bhopal and Wildlife Instituteof India, Dehradun

– Facilitation of Selection/Appointment ofIFS officers against the Central StaffingScheme of Department of Personnel &Training (DoPT).

– Finalization of various service matterslike inter-cadre transfers, inter-cadredeputations, cadre clearance forplacements/trainings and post retirementbenefits to the officers.

– Management of AGMUT cadre includingpromotions, transfers, postings and otherservice matters.

Progress/Achievements during theyear

– The IFS Cadre Management Division ofthe Ministry deals with the broad itemsof work relating to the Indian ForestService.

– Direct Recruitment to the Indian ForestService.

– Allocation of IFS Probationers to variousState cadres.

– Up-to-date Civil List of IFS officers isavailable on the website of this Ministryat www.ifs.nic.in besides, vacancycirculars, training programme circulars,Rules and Regulations concerning IFS,ACR availability status of IFS officers arealso hosted on this site for the benefit ofthe members of the Service. Each andevery member of Service has beenprovided facility to have his unique Emailaccount through NIC on this site andmembers of Service have been providedfacility to update data relating to theirposting details online for periodicalupgradation.

– Eighty five Direct Recruit Officers on thebasis of IFS Examination, 2009 wereincluded into the Service.

– Thirty-six State Forest Service officerswere included into the Indian Forest

– Service under IFS (Appointment byPromotion) Regulations, during the year2009.

– About 21 IFS officers joined at variouslevels under the Central Staffing Schemeof the Ministry and about 10 IFS officersjoined under the Central Staffing Schemeof the Department of Personnel & Training.

– Meeting of the Cadre Review Committeewere held to review the strength andcomposition of four cadres, namelyJharkhand, West Bengal, HimachalPradesh and Karnataka.

– Around 80 Court Cases pending invarious Courts across the Country wereliquidated. Around 450 Court Casesrelating to the issues of IFS Cadre arepending in various Tribunals/Courts allover the Country.

– For the first time, online system for fillingup of the deputational posts under CSSwas introduced.

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– A Committee under the Chairmanship ofShri J.C. Kala, Director General of Forests(retired) was established to map AnnualRecruitment Plan for Indian Forest Servicefor the next 20 years. The report of theCommittee was received and follow upaction on the same in consultation withthe various stake holders has beeninitiated.

VigilanceThe Vigilance Division is responsible for

all vigilance/disciplinary matters relating tothe Indian Forest Service officers in theMinistry and its attached and subordinateoffices including autonomous organizations/PSUs and IFS officers posted in the StateGovernments. The Vigilance Division functionsunder the direct control of Joint Secretary &Chief Vigilance Officer (CVO) with overallsupervision by Secretary, Environment &Forests.

The Vigilance Division is responsible forexamination and processing of disciplinarycases, appeals, reviews and memorials ofIndian Forest Service Officers of all States/Union Territories, Investigation of Complaints,Obtaining & Maintenance of AnnualImmovable Property Returns, (APRs) placingthe APRs in public domain i.e. on the websiteof the MoEF etc. Cases filed in variousBenches of Central Administrative Tribunaland Courts in India in connection with thedisciplinary matters are also handled inVigilance Division. The prosecution caseslaunched against IFS Officers by CentralBureau of Investigation (CBI) and variousStates/Union Territories and also otherOfficers/Staff of the Ministry are also dealtwith in Vigilance Division.

The Division requires frequent consultationwith the Central Vigilance Commission, UnionPublic Service Commission (UPSC), CentralBureau of Investigation & Department ofPersonnel and Training (DoPT) as per rulesand procedures laid down on the matter.

During the year, 24 DisciplinaryProceedings cases, 12 Appeal cases and 16Prosecution cases were processed in theVigilance Division. Court cases were pursuedin the respective court/CAT Bench. CounterReply was filed in about seven cases. 10complaints were finally disposed of afterobtaining and considering the investigationreports. 56 applications received under RTIAct were also processed and replies sent tothe applicants. The progress on the disposalof DP, Appeal, Prosecution, Court cases andRTI cases as well as complaints is reviewedby JS&CVO from time to time.

About 900 Annual Property Returns ason 1st January, 2011 were received fromGroup ‘A’ & ‘B’ officers of the Ministry,including organizations under it, as well asState Governments of which 700 APRs wereplaced on the website of the Ministry till theend of December, 2011.

Based on the sensitive posts alreadyidentified in the Ministry, rotational transfersof officers and staff, who have put in threeyears or more in a sensitive post, are made.Sensitive posts have also been identified invarious field organizations and rotationaltransfer from sensitive posts are effected inthese organizations as and when required.

Vigilance Awareness Week was observedin the Ministry during the period from 31st

October, 2011 to 5th November, 2011 anda pledge was administered by Secretary(E&F) to the officers & staff to bring aboutintegrity and transparency in all spheres ofactivities and to work unstintingly foreradication of corruption in all spheres of life.

ParliamentIntroduction

The Parliament Division in the Ministry isresponsible for co-ordination of all parliamentmatters related to the Ministry. During theyear 2011-12, a total number of 833Parliament Questions pertaining to various

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aspects of environmentwere answered by theMinistry (467 questionsin the Lok Sabha, out ofwhich 34 were starredand 433 were un-starred.A total of 366 questionswere asked in the RajyaSabha, out of which 44were starred and 302were un-starred). Thequestions covered a widerange of issues with whichthe Ministry is concerned,prominent among thembeing questions relatedto Forest Conservation,Wildlife Management,Pollution, EIA, Freshwaterand Marine Conservation, EnvironmentalConservation, Climate Change andMeteorology, Environment Education, NGOsand Media, Environment and Forest Trade,Health and Sanitation, Water Management &Energy Studies etc.

The ENVIS Centre at WWF-India, underENVIS scheme of the Ministry compiles theabove mentioned Parliament Questions as

replied by MoEF and other Ministries pertainingto various environmental issues. Graphicalrepresentation of the Parliament Questionsreplied by the Ministry during 2011-12 bothin Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha in varioussessions are given in Fig-77 and Fig-78.

Every Question/Answer is classified undervarious sub heads of environment as per thesubject list available with the ENVIS Centre,WWF-India. This year subject-wise classified

questions in LokSabha and RajyaSabha sums up at903 and 629respectively. Afterclassification, thetotal no. of questionsin both Lok Sabhaand Rajya Sabharises in comparisonto the unclassifieddata, because of thefact that a singlequestion can attributeto more than onesubject sub-head.S t a t i s t i c a lr e p r e s e n t a t i o n

11 17 16

88

145

8999

162

105

020406080

100120140160180

Budget Monsoon Winter

Sessions

No.

of q

uest

ions

Starred Unstarred Total

Fig-78. Number of questions replied by the Ministry in all sessions of Rajya Sabhaduring 2011-12

7 15 12

91

200

142

98

215

154

0

50

100

150

200

250

Budget Monsoon Winter

Sessions

No.

of q

uest

ions

Starred Unstarred Total

Fig-77. Number of questions replied by the Ministry in all sessions of Lok Sabhaduring 2011-2012

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54, 9%

14, 2%

1, 0%

79, 13%

16, 3%

93, 15%

102, 16%

26, 4%

91, 14%

8, 1%6, 1%10, 2% 32, 5%

7, 1%12, 2%

26, 4%

52, 8%

Agriculture Alternative TechnologiesBiosafety Climate Change and MeteorologyDisaster Management Energy StudiesEnvironment and Forest Trade Environmental ConservationEnvironmental Education, NGOs and Media EIAForest Conservation Freshwater and Marine ConservationHealth and Sanitation Medicinal PlantsPollution Water ManagementWildlife Management

Fig-80. Subject-wise depiction of questions replied by the Ministry in Rajya Sabhaduring 2011-2012

35, 4%

1, 0%

8, 1%

38, 4% 7, 1%19, 2%

28, 3%

6, 1%

15, 2%

149, 17%

27, 3%

120, 13%

91, 10% 133, 15%

37, 4%

101, 11%

88, 10%

Agriculture Alternative TechnologiesBiosafety Climate Change and MeteorologyDisaster Management Energy StudiesEnvironment and Forest Trade Environmental ConservationEnvironmental Education, NGOs and Media EIAForest Conservation Freshwater and Marine ConservationHealth and Sanitation Medicinal PlantsPollution Water ManagementWildlife Management

Fig-79. Subject-wise depiction of questions replied by the Ministry in Lok Sabhaduring 2011-2012

depicting the subject-wise coverage of totalno. of questions asked in both the houses ofParliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha)during the year 2011-12 is given in Fig-79and Fig-80.

The centre is currentlyworking on thecompendium ofEnvironment in the IndianParliament: An Analysis2011 with the jointconsensus of ParliamentSection, MoEF. Thepreparation of the Trends& Analysis of the above-mentioned Parliamentaryquestions replied by theMinistry of Environment &Forests and other Ministriesrelated to Environment isavailable with the ENVISCentre at WWF-India.Online accessibility is alsothere with the Centre’swebsite: http://www.wwfenvis.nic.in.

Internal Work StudyUnit (IWSU)

Activities relating toInternal Work Study arecoordinated by IWS Unitof the Ministry. This is toinsure timely action byvarious sections on properrecord management andstrict compliance of variousprovisions of the manualof office procedure.

Progress/Achievements

During the year 2011-12 (as on 23rd February,2012), Seven hundredforty seven files were

recorded in Departmental Records Room(DRR).

A proposal for Work Management Study(WMS) of scientific and technical posts in

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Ministry including NAEB and NRCD, by thework management committee with a coremember from Staff Inspection Unit (SIU),Department of Expenditure, is under process.

O&M inspections of the organizationsunder the Ministry and Sections/Divisions ofthe Ministry is a continuous process. O&MInspection Reports of five subordinate/autonomous Institutions under the Ministryhave been received during the year upto 23rd

February, 2012.

Information Technology and e-Governance

The Government has recognizedInformation Technology (IT) as a major toolfor speedy implementation and monitoring ofvarious schemes and decisions in publicinterest. Accordingly, Ministry has embarkedon a comprehensive exercise to implementvarious e-Governance activities / projectswith the objective of transforming the functioningof the Ministry, and also to transform the waythe Ministry serves its various stakeholders.

Progress/Achievements Made During

– The IT infrastructure of the Ministry,Botanical Survey of India and ZoologicalSurvey of India was strengthened.

– Photographic digitization of 4850 Nos.Illustrations in the Old Archival Documentsat Botanical Survey of India, Kolkatawere completed.

– Implemented a comprehensive applicationof Comprehensive DDO Package(CompDDO) designed and developedby NIC specifically to meet therequirements of Drawing & DisbursementOfficers (DDOs).

– GIS based Project Monitoring System forMoEF Projects is under implementation.

– Strengthened the network of BSI, Kolkataand ZSI, Kolkata

– Installed Video Conferencing equipment

for establishment of Video Conferencingfacility with all the states.

– Strengthened the website of the Ministry.RTI Cell

The Ministry received one thousand fivehundred seventy applications and one hundredforty two appeals under RTI Act, 2005 duringthe year 2011-12 (upto 21st February, 2012)as per RTI-MIS software.

Central Public Information Officers (CPIOs)and Appellate Authority (AAs) have beendesignated for effective implementation of RTIAct, 2005. The notification designating CPIOs/AAs is revised periodically.

A training programme for training ofCPIOs in RTI matters was organized inSeptember 2011, in collaboration with DoP&Tand ISTM. Compliance with Section 4(1)b ofthe RTI Act, was ensured.

Protocol SectionThe Protocol Section deals with following

activities:

– Providing comprehensive protocolarrangement for the Minister/Minister ofState of Environment and Forests andsenior officers of this Ministry. This includesworking out the itinerary, booking ofpassage, baggage handling, customs/immigration/ security checks both at thetime of Departure/Arrival of VIPs as wellas Security Passes for Airport andReserved/Ceremonial Lounge for MEF.

– To receive and see off foreign delegationsVIPs who visits Paryavaran Bhavan tomeet Minister/Minister of State/Secretary.

– To handle issue/ revalidation ofDiplomatic/ Official Passports and gettingnote verbal and arranging visas fromEmbassies.

– To arrange passes for IndependenceDay/ Republic Day for under Secretaryand above officers of this Ministry,

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– To arrange Domestic/ International ticketingof Minister/ Secretary (E&F)/ Spl.Secretary/DGF and various officers of theMinistry and payment of Bills thereof.

– Handling of work relating to Receptionsat Rashtrapati Bhawan for VIPs uptoAddl. Secretary levels.

– Examining /Passing of canteen bills onhospitality of US & above officers, ITDC,Ashoka at IGI Airport, Parliament House(N.Rly Catering), Tea Board/Coffee Boardand VIP Guests of Hon’ble Minister/Minister of State/ Secretary.

– Protocol division provided 905 Air ticketsfor domestic & International Sectors andarranged visas & visa notes for around232 of different countries during theperiod.

General AdministrationThe General Administration (GA) Division

of the Ministry is entrusted with the responsibilityof procurement of stationery, stores, equipmentsand providing logistics and support servicesto the officials of the Ministry includingtransport, communication, general upkeepetc. Some of the major initiative/activities ofthe Division during the year 2011-2012 are(i) the Ministry has acquired 9565 sq. mtr.of land at Aliganj, Jorbagh Road, New Delhifor construction of its own office building. TheGA Division is working in tandem with variousagencies involved in the project to completethe building by the end of 2012; (ii) theDivision has hired 9754.78 sq. ft office spacefrom NDMC at Palika Bhavan to decongestthe office space at Paryavaran Bhavan. SomeDivisions/Sections of the Ministry are expectedto be shifted to Palika Bhavan soon; (iii) Bio-metric attendance system including facedetection facility has been installed in theMinistry to ensure proper attendance.

Public Grievance CellA Grievance Cell has been functioning

in the Ministry to attend to the complaints of

public regarding forestry, environmental mattersetc. Shri Atul Kaushik, Joint Secretary (PG)has been nominated as Public GrievanceOfficer of the Ministry.

The general public can meet the PublicGrievance Officer every Wednesday from10.00 AM to 1.00 PM. The main functionof the Cell is to ensure timely redressal ofpublic grievances by taking up the matter withthe concerned authorities such as DistrictMagistrates, Municipal Corporations, PollutionControl Boards, State Governments, etc. Mostof the complaints related to:

– Unauthorised industries located inresidential areas discharging harmfulgases and hazardous effluents in theimmediate neighbourhood.

– Environmental degradation due tomismanagement of civic amenities likelocation of waste dump, water loggingetc.

– Poor maintenance of open areas andparks; and

– Commercial establishments operatingillegally in the residential buildings causingnuisance to people living in the immediatevicinity.

– Non-settlement of payment of salary duesand retirement dues, benefits like pensionetc. to staff.The Public Grievance cases are thus

monitored regularly at specified time intervalsin MoEF and the replies are sent to thecomplainants as early as possible. Once thefinal replies are sent, the petition is treatedas closed and the same is indicated in thestatements prepared in respect of PublicGrievances.

The staff of various Divisions/Sectionshave been trained by holding one-day videoconferencing at Paryavaran Bhavan with theassistance of officials of the Department of theAdministrative reforms & Public Grievances todispose off the complaints online through

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Centralized Public Grievance Redress andMonitoring Mechanism (CPGRAMS). To runthe Centralized Public Grievances portal theIds have been provided to the concernedsections/Divisions in the Ministry for quickdisposal of grievances/monitoring and issuingreminders on-line.

Currently out of a total of 1625grievances on Centralized Public GrievanceRedress and Monitoring System (CPGFRAMS),717 are pending. The disposal rate is 56%which is a marked improvement from the rateof 32% in March, 2011. The PG Cell hasenvisaged a target of 80% in the year 2012-13 with extra efforts. So far as the postalGrievances are concerned 25 out of 54grievances have been disposed off and stepsare being taken to dispose off the remaininggrievances.

Attention of concerned sections/ divisionsconcerned is drawn from time to time at thelevel of Divisional Head to expedite redressalof grievances. Some of the sections likeFPD,CPA, FE, NAEB have done commendablework in this regard.

Implementation of OfficialLanguage PolicyIntroduction

Sustained efforts were made to ensureproper compliance of the Official LanguagePolicy of the Union as enshrined in theConstitution of India, the Official LanguagesAct, the Official Languages Rules, the AnnualProgramme and orders issued from time totime.

All documents coming under the purviewof Sec. 3(3) of the O.L. Act were issued inHindi and English bilingual form. The lettersreceived in Hindi and representations/appealssigned in Hindi were replied to in Hindiensuring 100% compliance of Rule 5 andRule 7 (2) of the O.L. Rules.

Hindi Salahkar Samiti

Actions were taken on the decisionstaken in the meeting of Hindi Salahkar Samitiwas organised under the Chairmanship ofHon’ble Minister of State (IndependentCharge).

Progress of Activities undertaken

Official Language ImplementationCommittee

Under the Chairmanship of Joint Secretary(OL), the meetings of Official LanguageImplementation Committee were organised inevery quarter, wherein position ofimplementation of Official Language Policy inthe Divisions/Sections of the Ministry wasreviewed.

Hindi Workshop

Hindi Workshop was organised for theOfficers and Staff in every quarter to enablethem to carry out their day to day transactionin Hindi.

Incentive Schemes

Incentive schemes were implemented inthe Ministry to encourage and motivate theemployees to increase the use of Hindi.

Publication of Hindi Magazine“Paryavaran”

Publication of Hindi Magazine“Paryavaran” Special issues of “Paryavaran”Magazine on Bio-diversity was brought out.

Inspections

High Powered Committee of Parliament onOfficial Language inspected our Attached/Subordinate Offices and PSU namely ZSI,Solan, ZSI, Pune, A & N I FDCO, Port Blairand WLCCB, New Delhi. In addition to theseinspections, eleven Attached/Subordinate Officeswere also inspected by Joint Secretary/Director(OL) to review the position of implementingOfficial Language Policy of the Union.

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Hindi Fortnight

Hindi Fortnight was organised from 06th

to 20th September, 2011 during which variousHindi competitions aimed at increasingprogressive use of Official Language Hindiwere organised. Employees of the Ministry,NAEB, NRCD and CCU participated in thesecompetitions.

Civil Construction Unit (CCU)The Civil Construction Unit (CCU) was

established in March 1987 for execution ofcivil works in the Ministry. This unit undertakesconstruction works for all the attached andsubordinate offices of the Ministry such asBSI, ZSI, FSI, NMNH, IGNFA and autonomousbodies like IIFM, IPIRTI, WII, ICFRE andGBPIHED. The CCU has constructed a numberof office buildings, laboratories, museums andresidential accommodation at various placessuch as Almora, Dehradun, Bhopal, Delhi,Bangalore, Jabalpur, Coimbatore, Hyderabadand Kozhikode.

There are three divisions looking afterconstruction activities throughout India. Twodivisions are located at Delhi for works inNorthern Region and the third division islocated at Bengaluru for works in SouthernRegion.

Civil works of the Ministry are executedby CPWD where CCU does not have its ownunit. CCU provides necessary inputs forplanning and coordinates works being

executed by CPWD. The management ofbudget also rests with CCU.

Some of the important works in progressduring the year 2011-2012 are:

– Construction of museum and auditoriumblocks for Rajiv Gandhi Regional Museumof Natural History at Sawai Madhopur.The sanctioned cost of the project is Rs.4100 lakhs.

– Construction of buildings for girls hostel,stores, car garages, car-cum-bus garagesand reception centre for Govind BallabhPant Institute of Himalayan Environment& Development at Kosi Katarmal, Almora.The work is complete. The sanctionedcost of the project is Rs. 240 lakh.

– Development of botanic garden of IndianRepublic at Noida. Sub Head: Entrancegate, security hut and parking. Thesanctioned cost of the project is Rs.153.05 lakh.

– Development of botanic garden of IndianRepublic at Noida. Sub Head:Development of water bodies. Thesanctioned cost of the project is Rs.297.63 lakh.

– Upgradation, improvement, andmaintenance of National Zoological Park,New Delhi.

– Construction of Indira Paryavaran Bhawanat Aliganj, New Delhi. The sanctionedcost of the project is Rs. 131.68 crores.

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Introduction

The Plan Coordination Division isresponsible for the coordination of all planschemes and programmes of the Ministry inclose association with the PlanningCommission. This involves preparation,monitoring and review of Five Year Plans,Annual Plans and the Annual Action Plans ofthe Ministry. The Division also looks after themonitoring of progress reports and reportsunder the 20-Point Programme (Point XV itemNo. 52 & 53).

XIth Five Year Plan (2007-2012)

Ministry of Environment & Forests has anapproved outlay of Rs. 10000.00 crore forits 11th Five Year Plan, 2007-12. It wasallocated an outlay of Rs. 1351.00 crore in2007-08, against which the actual utilization

amounted to Rs. 1349.73 crores. The AnnualPlan 2008-09, second year of the 11th Planhad an approved outlay of Rs. 1500.00crores against which the actual utilizationamounted to Rs. 1483.02 crores. The AnnualPlan 2009-10, third year of the 11th Plan hadan approved outlay of Rs. 1880.00 crores,which had been reduced to Rs. 1650.00crores in RE stage, against which the actualutilization amounted to Rs. 1630.69 crores.The Annual Plan 2010-11, fourth year of 11th

Plan had an approved outlay of Rs 2200.00crore, against which the actual expenditureamounted to Rs. 2180.36 crore. Currentfinancial year 2011-12, terminal year of 11th

Five Year Plan, the Ministry has been allocatedan outlay of Rs.2300.00 crore, which wasreduced to Rs.1902.00 crore at RE stage.Sector wise details are given in Table-53.

(Rs. crores)Table-53. XIth Plan Outlays / Expenditure

Sl. No Sector XI Plan 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

Outlay Outlay Exp. Outlay Exp. Outlay Exp. Outlay Exp Outlay Likely Exp.*

1 Environment 1246.01 259.16 224.22 261.38 240.42 291.42 253.03 480.17 465.63 621.21 504.94 2 National River

Conservation Directorate

2540.00 340.00 320.94 340.00 326.12 577.33 426.69 751.71 754..95 751.71 468.32

3 Forestry & Wildlife

2943.99 371.61 361.73 475.00 520.87 599.63 572.00 592.12 582.77 573.08 566.74

4 National Afforestation and Eco- development Board

3150.00 359.23 422.05 398.62 370.71 386.62 354.97 352.00 353.17 330.00 340.00

5 Animal Welfare

120.00 21.00 20.79 25.00 24.90 25.00 24.00 24.00 23.84 24.00 24.00

Total 10000.00 1351.00 1349.73 1500.00 1483.02 1880.00 1630.69 2200.00 2180.36 2300.00 1902.00

* RE are likely to be utilized fully.

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The progress of plan schemes arereviewed regularly in the Ministry andnecessary corrective action is taken to ensureproper and meaningful deployment of resourceswith a view to build up the capacities of theState Governments in Forestry andEnvironment Sector, for the programmaticvariegated Centrally Sponsored and CentralSector Schemes.

Annual Plan 2012-13

An outlay of Rs 2430.00 crores hasbeen allocated for the Annual Plan 2012-13of the Ministry. The approved outlay comprisesof Rs.1352.22 crores in Environment andEcology Sector and Rs.1077.78 crores in theForestry and Wildlife Sector. The sectoraldetails of approved outlay are given in Table-54.

Table-54. Annual Plan 2012-13: Approved Outlay

(Rs. crores)

Sector Outlay2012-13

1. Environment 592.92

2. National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD) 759.30

3. Forests & Wildlife 606.09

4. National Afforestation and Eco-development Board (NAEB) 446.49

5. Animal Welfare 25.20

Total (1-5) 2430.00

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Annexure-II A

Regional Offices of the Ministry

S. Regional Office Phone and Jurisdiction of theNo. Fax Number Regional Offices

1. Shri K.S Reddy, IFS Ph. No. 080-25635901 Andhra Pradesh, Goa,Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 080-25537184 Karnataka, Kerala,Conservator of Forest (Central), Tamil Nadu, PuducherryMinistry of Environment and Forests, and LakshadweepRegional Office (SZ),Kendriya Sadan, IVth Floor,E&F Wings, 17th Main Road,Koramangala II Block,Bangalore-560034 (Karnataka)Email: [email protected]

2. Shri J.K. Tewari, IFS Ph. No. 0674-2301213 Odisha, Andaman &Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 0674-2302432 Nicobar, Island, Bihar,Conservator of Forest (Central), Jharkhand andMinistry of Environment and Forests, West BengalRegional Office (EZ), A/3,Chandersekharpur,Bhubaneshwar-751023Email: [email protected]

3. Shri J.K. Tewari, IFS Ph. No. 0755-2466525 Madhya Pradesh,(Additional charge) Fax No. 0755-2463102 Chhattisgarh,Additional Principal Chief Maharashtra, Gujarat,Conservator of Forest (Central), Dadra & Nagar Haveli,Ministry of Environment and Forests, Daman & DiuRegional Office (WZ),E-5, Kendriya Paryavaran Bhawan,Arera Colony, Link Road-3,Ravishankar Nagar,Bhopal-462016Email: [email protected]

4. Shri B.N. Jha, IFS Ph. No. 0364-2537609 Arunachal Pradesh, Assam,Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 0364-2536041 Manipur, Meghalaya,Conservator of Forest (Central), Tripura, Nagaland,Ministry of Environment and Forests, Mizoram and SikkimRegional Office (NEZ),Law-U-Sib, Lumbatngen,Near MTC Workshop,Shillong 793021Email: [email protected]

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5. Shri Azam Zaidi, IFS Ph. No. 0522-2326696 Uttar Pradesh, UttarakhandAdditional Principal Chief Fax No.0522-2324340 and RajasthanConservator of Forest (Central),Ministry of Environment and Forests,Regional Office (CZ),Kendriya Bhawan, 5th Floor,Sector "H", Aliganj, Lucknow-226020http://moefrolko.orgEmail: [email protected]

6. Shri S.K. Sehrawat, IFS, Ph No. 0172-2638135 Haryana, HimachalI/c Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 0172-2638061 Pradesh, Punjab, J&K,Conservator of Forest (Central), Chandigarh and DelhiMinistry of Environment and Forests,Regional Office (NZ),Bays No. 24-25, Sector 31 A,Dakshin Marg, Chandigarh-160030http://nromoef.gov.inEmail: [email protected]

S. Regional Office Phone and Jurisdiction of theNo. Fax Number Regional Offices

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Annexure-II B

Regional Centres of National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board

S. Name & Address of Regional Centre State/UTs covered as per MOUNo.

1. Regional Centre for NAEB Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh,Agriculture Finance Corporation Ltd. Uttarakhand and UT of DelhiB-1/9, Community Centre, Janakpuri,New Delhi-110058

2. Regional Centre for NAEB Maharashtra, Gujarat, Goa andAgriculture Finance Corporation Ltd. UTs of Daman & Diu, Dadar &Dhanraj Mahal, Ist Floor, CSM Marg, Nagar HaveliMumbai-400001

3. Regional Centre for NAEB Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur,North Eastern Hill University, Meghalaya, Mizoram, NagalandShillong - 793 014 and Tripura

4. Regional Centre for NAEB Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala,University of Agricultural Sciences, Tamil Nadu and UTs of PuducherryGKVK Campus, Bengaluru-560065 and Lakshadweep

5. Regional Centre for NAEB Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh andIndian Institute of Forest Management, OrissaNehru Nagar, Post Box no. 357,Bhopal-462003

6. Regional Centre for NAEB Himachal Pradesh, Jammu &Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Kashmir, Punjab and UT of ChandigarhHorticulture and Forestry,Nauni, Solan-173230

7. Regional Centre for NAEB Bihar, Jharkhand, Sikkim, West BengalJadavpur University, and UT of Andaman & Nicobar IslandsKolkata-700032

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Annexure-II C

Centres of Excellence / Autonomous / Associated Agencies etc.of Ministry of Environment and Forests

Centres of Excellence

Centre for Environment Education (CEE),Nehru Foundation for Development, ThaltejTekra, Ahmedabad – 380 054

C.P.R Environmental Education Centre(CPREEC),1 A, Eldams Road,Chennai – 600 018, Tamil Nadu

Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES),Indian Institute of Science (IISc)Bengaluru – 560 012, Karnataka

Centre for Mining Environment (CME), IndianSchool of Mines,Dhanbad – 826 004, Jharkhand

Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and NaturalHistory (SACON), Anaikatty, Coimbatore –641 108

Centre for Environmental Management ofDegraded Ecosystems (CEMDE),School of Environmental Studies,University of Delhi, Delhi – 110 007

Madras School of Economics (MSE),Gandhi Mandampam Road, Kottur,Chennai – 600 025, Tamil Nadu

Foundation for Revitalization ofLocal Health Traditions (FRLHT),74/2, Jarakbande Kaval, Yelahanka,Attur P.O., Bengaluru – 560106

Jawaharlal Nahru Tropical Botanic Gardenand Research Institute (JNTBGRI),Pacha Palode, Thiruvananthapuram –695562, Kerala

Centre for Animals and Environment,CARTMAN, Koramangala, 6th Block,Bengaluru – 560 095, Karnataka

Autonomous Agenciesa) Environment Wing

Central Pollution Control Board,Parivesh Bhawan CBD-cum-Office Complex,East Arjun Nagar, Delhi - 110 032

Contact Details

Tel : 079-26858002-05, 26844745Fax : 91-079-26858010email: [email protected]

Tel : 044-24346526, 24338470Fax : 91-44-24320756email: [email protected]

Tel:080-23600985Fax:080-23601428email: [email protected]

Tel : 0326-2296624, 2202486Fax : 0326-2296563, 2296624email:[email protected]

Tel: 0422-2657101-105, 2657086Fax : 0422 2657088email:[email protected]

Telefax: 011-27666237, 27667125email : [email protected]

Telefax: 044-22300304, 22354847Fax. : 044-22352155email: [email protected], [email protected]

Tel.: 080-28568007, 28568000 Extn 205,Fax.: 080-28567926email : [email protected]

Tel : 0472 - 2869246Fax : 0472-2869646email: [email protected]

Tel.: 080-25530121, 25530304email: [email protected]

Tel : (011) 22308902, 22301932Fax: (011) 22307233, 22304948email: [email protected]

Sl.No.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

1

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Gobind Ballabh Pant Institute of HimalayanEnvironment and Development, Kosi -Katarmal,Almora - 263 643, Uttarakhand

b) Forest Wing

Indian Institute of ForestManagement, P.B. No. 357,Nehru Nagar, Bhopal - 462 003

Indian Plywood IndustriesResearch and Training Institute,P.B. No. 2273, Tumkur Road,Bengaluru - 560 022

Indian Council of ForestryResearch and EducationP.O. New ForestsDehradun - 248 006

Research Institutes

Forest Research InstituteP.O. New Forests,Dehradun - 248 006

Institute of Forest Geneticsand Tree Breeding,Forest College CampusP.B. No.1061, R.S. Puram P.O.Coimbatore - 641 002

Institute of Wood Science and Technology,18th Cross, Malleswaram,Bengaluru - 560 003

Arid Forest Research Institute, P.O. KrishiUpaj Mandi, Basni, New Pali Road,Jodhpur – 342 005, Rajasthan

Tropical Forest Research InstituteP.O. RFRC, Mandla Road,Jabalpur - 482 021 Rajasthan

Rain Forest Research Institute‘Deovan’ P.B. No. 136, A.T. Road (East)Jorhat - 785 001, Assam

Himalayan Forests Research InstituteConifer Campus, Panthaghati,Shimla - 171 009,Himachal Pradesh

Institute of Forest ProductivityRanchi - 834 001, Jharkhand

Tel : 05962-241015Fax : 05962-241014email: [email protected]

Tel : (0755) 2775716, 2773799Fax: (0755)2772878, 2775988email:[email protected]

Tel : (080) 8394231, 8394232/33Fax : 91-80-8396361email: [email protected]

Tel : (0135) 2758614Fax: (0135) 2755353email: [email protected]

Tel : (0135) 2755277Fax: (0135) 2756865email : [email protected]

Tel : (0422) 2484100, 2484101Fax : (0422) 2430549email: [email protected]

Tel : (080) 22190102, 22190100Fax : (080) 23340529email:[email protected]

Tel: (0291) 2722549Fax: (0291)2722764email: [email protected]

Tel : (0761) 2840482Fax: (0761) 2840484email: [email protected]

Tel : (0376) 2350273/74Fax: (0376) 2350274email : [email protected]

Tel : (0177) 2626778Fax: (0177) 2626779email : [email protected]

Tel : (0651) 2948505, 2948515email : [email protected]

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Centres

Centre for Social Forestry &Eco-rehabilitationAllahabad - 211 002, Uttar Pradesh

Centre for Forestry Research & HumanResource Development, Nagpur Road,Chhindwara-480001

Forest Research CentreDulapally, Kakimpet (P.O.),Hyderabad-500014

Advanced Centre for Bamboo and RattanAizawl, Mizoram

c) Wildlife Wing

Wildlife Institute of India,P.B. No. 18, Chandrabani,Dehradun - 248 001, Uttarakhand

Central Zoo AuthorityBikaner House, Annexe VIShahjahan Road , New Delhi - 110011

Subordinate Officesa) Environment Wing

Botanical Survey of IndiaCGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building,Block F, (5th & 6th floor) Sector 1,Salt Lake City, Kolkata – 700 064

Zoological Survey of IndiaPrani Vigyan Bhawan, M-Block,New Alipur, Kolkata - 700 053

National Museum of Natural History,FICCI Building, Barakhamba Road,New Delhi - 110 001

Regional Centres of ZSI

Zoological Survey of IndiaNorth Eastern Regional CentreFruit Garden, Risa Colony, Shillong - 793003,Meghalaya

Zoological Survey of India,Western Regional Centre,Vidyanagar, Sector-29,PCNT Post, Rawet Road, Akurdi,Pune-411 044. Maharashtra.

Tel : (0532) 2440795email : [email protected]

Tel: (07162) 282444Fax: (07162) 254473email: [email protected]

Tel: 040-23194188Fax: 040-23095926email: [email protected]

Tel: 0389-2301159, 2301157email : [email protected]

Tel: 0135-2640111-15Fax: 0135-2640117email : [email protected]

Tel : 011-23381585Fax : 011-23386012email : [email protected]

Tel : 033-23346040/4963Fax : 033-23215631, 23346040

Tel : (033) 24986820Fax : (033) 24006893email: [email protected]

Tel : (011) 23314849Fax : (011) 23314932URL: www.nmnh.org

Tel: 0364-2223638Fax: 0364- 2226495Email: [email protected]

Tel: 020-27655213/27651927Fax: 020- 27652564Email: [email protected]

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Zoological Survey of IndiaNorthern Regional Centre218, Kaulagarh Road, Dehradun - 248195,Uttarakhand

Zoological Survey of IndiaCentral Zone Regional Centre168-169, Vijay Nagar Jabalpur, 482 002Madhya Pradesh

The Officer-in-ChargeZoological Survey of IndiaDesert Regional CentreJhalamand, Pali Road, Jodhpur - 342005

Zoological Survey of IndiaSouthern Regional Centre130 Santhome High Road, Chennai 600 028,

Zoological Survey of IndiaArunachal Pradesh Regional CentreSenki Valley, Itanagar - 791113,Arunachal Pradesh

Zoological Survey of IndiaGangetic Plains Regional Centre11 - D, Rajendra Nagar,Patna - 800016, Bihar

Zoological Survey of IndiaMarine Aquarium & Research Center,Foreshore Road, Digha- 721428East Midnapore, West Bengal.

Zoological Survey of IndiaHigh Altitude Regional CentreSaproon, Solan - 173211, Himachal Pradesh

Zoological Survey of IndiaMarine Biology Regional Centre130, Santhome High Road,Chennai - 600 028.

Zoological Survey of India11, Horticulture Road, Haddo,Port Blair - 744 102Andaman & Nicobar Islands

Tel: 0135-2756349, 2754939,2755279Telefax: 0135 2758362Email: [email protected]

Tel: 0761-2641792/2641421Fax: 0761- 2641421Email: [email protected]

Tel: 0291 - 2728551, 2726213Email: [email protected]

Tel: 044-24642898, 24643255,24643378Email: [email protected]

Tel: 0360 - 2203652, 2203689Email: [email protected]

Tel: 0612 - 2670686, 2664049Email: [email protected]

Tel: 03220-266310,266311, 266312Fax: 03220-266310Email: [email protected]

Tel: 01792-221060, 225721, 220413,224483Fax - 01792-221060,Email: [email protected]

Tel: 044 - 24642680/24643191Fax: 044 - 24642680Email: [email protected]

Tel: 03192 - 230115/237582/233148Fax: 03192 - 230115Email: [email protected]

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Freshwater Biology Regional CentreZoological Survey of IndiaPlot No 366/1, Attapur (V), Near O/o DFOFlying Squad, Hyderguda (P.O.) Ring Road,Hyderabad - 500 048, Andhra Pradesh.

Sunderbans Regional CentreZoological Survey of India,Canning- 743 329, 24 Pargana(s)West Bengal

Zoological Survey of IndiaEstuarine Biology Regional CentreHilltop, Gopalpur-on-Sea, Ganjam District,Odisha -761002

Zoological Survey of IndiaJafer Khan Colony, Eranhipalam (P.O),Kozhikode (Calicut) -673 006

Regional Centres of BSI

Botanical Survey of India,Central Regional Centre, 10 Chatham Lines,Allahabad - 211 002, Uttar Pradesh

Botanical Survey of India,Northern Regional Centre,192, Kaulagarh Road,Dehradun–248195, Uttarakhand.

Botanical Survey of India,Arid Zone Regional Centre,Near Khema Ka Kuan,Pal-Basni Canal Link Road,P.O. Nandan Van, Jodhpur- 342 008,Rajasthan.

Botanical Survey of India,Western Regional Centre7,Koregaon Road,Pune-411 001

Botanical Survey of India,Southern Regional Centre,T.N.A.U. Campus, Lawley Road,Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu.

Botanical Survey of India,Eastern Regional Centre,Woodlands, Laitumkhrah,Shillong - 793 003, Meghalaya.

Tel: 040-2400 2251, 2400 2250Email: [email protected]

Tel: 03218-255211, 256721

Tel: 0680-2243995, 2243996Fax: 0680- 2243996Email: [email protected]

Tel: 0495-2771929, 2771324Fax: 0495-2771929Email: [email protected]

Phone: (0532) 2441192.Fax No.: (0532) 2250179 2

Fax: (0135) 2757951,Phone: (0135) 2753433, 2755478;E-mail: [email protected]

Fax: (0291) 2741736,Phone: (0291) 2740415, 2747163.E-mail: [email protected]

Tel/Fax: (020) 2612 4139Phone: (020) 26122125, 26139512E-mail: [email protected]

Phone:(0422)2432123, 2432788, 2432487Fax:(0422) 2432835E-mail: [email protected]. in

Fax: (0364) 2224119Phone: (0364) 2223971E-mail: [email protected],[email protected]

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Botanical Survey of India,Arunachal Field Station,Post Box No. 127, Sankie View,Itanagar - 791111, Arunachal Pradesh.

Botanical Survey of India,Andaman & Nicobar Regional Centre.P.O. No.: 692, Haddo, Port Blair - 744102

Botanical Survey of India,Sikkim Himalayan Regional CentreBelow Rajbhawan Campus,P.O. - Rajbhawan,Gangtok – 737103, Sikkim.

Botanical Survey of India,Deccan Regional Centre,In Zoological Survay of India Campus,Plot No. 366/1, Attapur (v), Hyderguda (P.O.),Inner ring road, Hyderabad - 500 048,Andhra Pradesh.

b) Forest Wing

Forest Survey of India,Kaulagarh Road, P.O. IPE,Dehradun-248195, Uttarakhand

Indira Gandhi National Forest AcademyP.O. New Forest,Dehradun - 248 006, Uttarakhand

Directorate of Forest EducationP.O. New Forest, Dehradun - 248 006,Uttarakhand

Regional Offices of Forest Survey of India

Regional Director (Central Zone)Forest Survey of India, Central ZoneC.G.O. Complex, Block ‘A’, Ground floor,East Wing, Seminary Hills, Nagpur-440006

Regional Director (Eastern Zone)Forest Survey of India, 1B-198,Sec. 3, Salt Lake City, Kolkata – 700106

Regional Director (Southern Zone)Forest Survey of India, 8th Floor, B-Wing,Kendriya Sadan, Koramangala,Bengaluru - 560034

Phone: 2212405Fax: (0360) 2211713E-mail: [email protected],[email protected]

Phone: (03192) 233224Fax: (03192) 230120E-mail: [email protected]

Phone: (03592) 202789Fax: (03592) 204717,E-mail: [email protected],[email protected]

Tel:(040)-2002 0666Fax: (040) - 2400 2287,Email : [email protected]

Telefax:(0135) 2756139, 2755037email: [email protected]: www.fsi.nic.in

Tel : (0135)2757316Fax: (0135) 2757314email: [email protected]

Tel: 0135-2757326Fax : 0135-2750125

Tel : 0172-2510194email: [email protected]

Telfax : 033-23355904email: [email protected]

Tel : 080-25520136Fax : 080-25520136email: [email protected]

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Regional Director (North Zone)Forest Survey of India, North Zone,1st Floor, Himlok Parisar, “Shivalik Khand”,Batsley Longwood, Shimla - 171001,Himachal Pradesh

c) Wildlife Wing

Director,National Zoological Park,Mathura Road, New Delhi - 110 003

Regional Offices

Regional Dy. Director(SR)Wildlife Crime Control BureauC2A,Rajaji Bhavan,Besant Nagar,Chennai-600 090.

Regional Dy. Director(ER)Wildlife Crime Control BureauNizam Palace, 2nd MSO Building,6th Floor, A.J.C Bose Road,Kolkata-700020.

Regional Dy. Director(WR)Wildlife Crime Control Bureau11, Air Cargo Complex, Sahar,Mumbai-400099.

Regional Dy. Director(CR)Wildlife Crime Control BureauR.F.R.C, Mandla Road, T.F.R.I. Campus,Jabalpur-482021.

Regional Dy. Director(NR)Wildlife Crime Control BureauBikaner House, Shahjahan Road,New Delhi-110 011.

Public Sector Undertaking

Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forests andPlantation Development Corporation Ltd.Van Vikas Bhawan, Port Blair,Andaman & Nicobar Islands.

4.

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Tel : 0177-2658285Fax : 0177-2655572, 2657517

Tel : (011) 24359825, 24358500Fax : (011) 24352408

Tel : 044-24916747Fax: 044-24463477email: [email protected]

Telefax:033-22878698email: [email protected]

Telefax:022-26828184email: [email protected]

Telefax:0761-2840689email: [email protected]

Telefax:011-23384556email: [email protected]

Tel: 03192-232869Fax: 03192-233254

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Annexure-III

List of Projects Sanctioned during 2011-12

Environment Research Programme (ERP)

Sl. Title of the ProjectNo.

1. Evaluation of effects of environmentpollutants in the pathogenesis of variouscardio respiratory diseases in trafficpolice personals.

2. Microbial detoxification of toxic varietyof Jatropa curcas seed cake for mealfeed.

3. Development of Titania based Materialsfor water disinfection.

4. Phytoextraction and Phytostabilizationof heavy metal contaminated soils usingFoeniculum and Coriandrum species".

5. Monitoring of bidi workers occupationallyexposed to tobacco dust.

6. Recovery of value added products ofmedical importance from the solid wastesof meat industry.

7. Screening of Citrullus lanatus proteometo isolate and purify anti-fungal protins: astep towards formulation of Bio-fungicidesto aid reduction of environment pollution.

8. Nanopesticide formulation,characterization and chemo dynamicsin rice model ecosystem.

9. High Performance compatibilizedcomposites from recycled commingledplastic waste reinforced with halogenfree nanosized flame retardants.

Name of Principal Investigator (PI) &Institute

Dr. Dinesh Kumar Department of AnatomyMaulana Azad Medical College, NewDelhi-110002.

Dr. D. Somashekar, Fermentation Technology &Bioengineering Department, CentralFood Technological Research Insti tute,Mysore-570013.

Dr. R. Sakthivel, Materials CharacterizationDepartment, Institute of Minerals & MaterialsTechnology, (Formerly Regional ResearchLaboratory) CSIR, Bhubaneswar-751 013,Orissa.

Dr. (Mrs.) Chitra Pande, Department of Chemistry,Kumaun University, Nainital-263001,Uttaranchal.

Dr. K. Rudrama Devi, Professor and Head,Department of Zoology, University College ofScience, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500007

Dr. C. Rose, Central Leather Research, Institute,Chennai

Mrs. Savita Yadav, Department of Biophysics,All India Institute of Medical Sciences, AnsariNagar, New Delhi-110029

Dr. N. Chandrasekaran, School of Bioscienceand Technology, VIT University, Vellore-632014,Tamil Nadu

Dr. R.R.N.Sailaja Bhattacharya, Fellow, TheEnergy and Resources Institute (TERI), 4th main,2nd cross, Domlur, Umroi Road, Meghalaya-793103

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10. Assessment of habitat specificenvironmental mycobacterial pollutionin North East India.

11. Effective utilization of winery andvineyard waste: An eco-friendlyapproach for value addition in wineindustry.

Dr. Dwipendra Thakuria, School of NaturalResources Management, College of PostgraduateStudies, Central Agricultural University, Umiam,Umroi Road, Meghalaya-793103

Dr. Mukund Vinayak Deshpande, NationalChemical Laboratory, Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008

Sl. Title of the ProjectNo.

1. Taxonomy and Ecology of the HimalayanGenus Oxytropis DC (Leguminioseae) inIndia

2 Habitat Ecology and Species Diversity ofCordyceps in district Pithoragarh, CentralHimalayas

3 Studies on Ecology and Diversity ofNematodes of Pir Panjal Range in Jammu& Kashmir

4 Studies on Abundance, Diversity andEco-biology of Parasitic Hymenoptera ofRice ecosystems in Kerala.

5 Ecosystem components, functioning andmanagement of selected ponds ofSivaganga District, Tamil Nadu withvarying utilization and conservation

Name of Principal Investigator (PI) &Institute

Dr. L.B. Chaudhary,NBRI, Lucknow

Dr. Chandra Singh NegiAsstt, Professor, Department of Zoology, LSMGovernment Post Graduate College, Pithoragarh(Uttarakhand), Pithoragarh-262502

Dr. A.A. ShahCBS School of Biosciences and Biotechnology,Baba Gulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri,Jammu & Kashmir

Dr. M. NaseerDepartment of Zoology, University of Calicut,Calicut-673635, Kerala

Dr. D. KananDepartment of Botany, Thigarajar College,Madurai-625009, Tamil Nadu

Ecosystem Research Scheme (ERS)

Sl. Title of the ProjectNo.

1. Inventory of Vegetation with specialreference to medicinal and aromaticplants and documentation of traditionalknowledge in the Walyar Valley, WesternGhats

Name of Principal Investigator (PI) &Institute

Dr. V.S. Ramachandran,Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ettimadai, POCoimbatore-641 105

Eastern and Western Ghats Research Programme (E&WGRP)

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2. Butterfly diversity in relation to landscapechanges in the Walayar valley atPalakkad Gap in the Western ghats

3. Diversity of Acridoidea (Orthopetra) indifferent parts of Western Ghats of India

4. Ecological investigation of woodyvegetation and Nest Tree use by birdsin the riverine forest of AthikkadavuValley

Dr. K.R. SasidharanInstitute of Forest Genetics & Tree Breeding,Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, TamilNadu

Dr. Mohd. Kamil UsmaniAligarh Muslim University, Aligarh

Dr. P. BalasubramanianSalim Ali Centre for Ornithology and NaturalHistory (SACON), Anaikatty PO, Coimbatore,Tamil Nadu

S. Title of Project Name of P.I Duration Amount sanctionedNo. and released

(1st installment)

1 Ecological studies on the Ranjit Dr Onkar Singh 3 years Rs 22.40 lakhsSagar wetland and special Brraich, Lecturer, Released Rs 10.40reference to fish community Deptt of Zoology, lakhs as firststructure Punjabi University, year's grant

Patiala

2 Ecological Status Survey of the SACON, 6 months Rs 3.35 lakhsWetlands of Srikakulam District Coimbatoreof Andhra Pradesh

National Wetland Conservation Programme (NWCP)

National Lake Conservation Plan(as on 31st December, 2011)

S. Lake State Sanctioned costNo. (in $ crore)

1. Three lakes of Bangalore namely Vengaiahkere,Nagavara and Jarganahalli Karnataka 11.48

2. Bellandur lake, Bangalore -do- 5.543. Kotekere lake, Belgaum -do- 5.644. Bhishma lake, Gadag -do- 2.505. Lal Bagh, Bangalore -do- 1.666. Channapatna lake, Hasan -do- 4.977. Sharanbhasveshwara lake, Gulbarga -do- 4.898. Akkamahadevi lake, Haveri -do- 2.649. Kundawada lake, Davangere -do- 3.4110. Kote Tavarekere lake, Chikmagalur -do- 3.6411. Tripuranthkeshwar lake, Bidar -do- 4.6712. Gowramma & Hambalmba -do- 4.7713. Amanikere -do- 13.3714. Banjara lake, Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh 4.30

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15. Powai lake, Mumbai Maharashtra 6.6216. Nine lakes in Thane -do- 2.5317. Mahalaxmi lake, Vadagaon -do- 1.8518. Rankala lake, Kolhapur -do- 8.6519. Varhala Devi lake, Bhiwandi -do- 4.6020. Sidheshwar -do- 4.3221. Mansagar lake, Jaipur Rajasthan 24.7222. Anasagar lake, Ajmer -do- 15.2823. Pushkar -do- 48.3724. Fatehsagar -do- 41.8625. Pichola Lake, System, Udaipur Rajasthan 84.7526. Ooty lake Tamilnadu 1.7527. Kodaikanal lake, Dindigul -do- 10.4228. 3 lakes of Agartala Tripura 2.0229. 4 lakes in Nainital Uttranchal 16.8530. Nainital lake, Nainital -do- 47.9731. Rabindra Sarovar West Bengal 6.9632. Mirik lake, Darjeeling -do- 4.0133. Adi Ganga -do- 24.9434. Dal lake, Sri Nagar J&K 298.7635. Veli Akkulum lake, Thiruvananthpuram Kerala 24.5636. Bindu Sagar lake, Bhubaneshwar Orissa 3.5037. Rani talab, Rewa Madhya Pradesh 3.3138. Sagar lake, Sagar -do- 21.3339. Shivpuri Lakes (Jadav Sagar, Chandpatha), Shivpuri -do- 51.9940. Mansi Ganga lake, Govardhan, Mathura Uttar Pradesh 22.7141. Twin Lakes in Mokokchung Nagaland 25.8342. Ramgarh Tal Uttar Pradesh 124.3243. Nakki Lake Rajasthan 7.3344. Sahib Bandh Lake West Bengal 12.57

Total 1028.16

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Annexure-IV

List of Projects completed during 2011-12

Environment Research Programme (ERP)

Sl. Title of the ProjectNo.

1. A Sequential biological treatment to handlecomplex waste waters containing phenol,thiocyanate and ammonia-nitrogen.

2. Development of Bipolar MembraneTechnology for water purification and saltrecovery as their corresponding acid andbase from industrial effluent.

3. Development of Luminescence-basedBiosensors for Detection of Mercury Ionsin Water Bodies.

4. Development of a reporter strain to monitortoxic and or Carcinogenic polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in theenvironment.

5. Pesticide degradation using cultural andbiological tools to minimize ground waterpollution.

6. Assessment of environmental quality withrespect of chemical and radiologicalcontamination in the vicinity of thermalpower plants in Delhi.

7. Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons (Pyrene).

8. Controlled catalytic systems: A Viableoption for development of cleaner chemicalprocess.

9. Removal of multimetal pollution fromindustrial waste streams and natural aquifersystem by macrocycle functionalizeddendrimers n the presence of organophiliccoligands.

Name of Principal Investigator (PI) &Institute

Dr. Saswati Chakraborty, Department of CivilEngineering, IIT Guwahati.

Dr. Vinod K. Shahi, Central Salt & MarineChemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat.

Dr. Arif Ali, Department of Biosciences Facultyof Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia,Maulana Mohammed Ali Jauhar Marg,New Delhi-110025, Delhi.

Dr. T.K.Datta, Department of Microbiology, BoseInstitute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkatta-700054, West Bengal.

Dr. Anjana Srivastava, Department of Chemistry,College of Basic Science & Humanaties, G.B.Pant University of Agriculture & Technology,Pantnagar -263145, Uttarakhand.

Dr. P S Khillare, School of Environmental Sciences,Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067.

Dr. Sunita Suneja, Department of Microbiology,CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004, Haryana.

Dr. Subratnath Koner, Department of Chemistry,Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, WestBengal.

Dr. V.Alexander, Department of Chemistry, LoyolaCollege, Chennai-600034, Tamil Nadu.

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10. Noble metal capped semiconductornanoparticles in the photocatalytictreatment of textile waste water.

11. Studies on synthesis of valuable chemicalsvia an environment friendly route usingionic liquids and enzymes.

12. Impact assessment of environmentalhazards caused by slaughterhouse wastesand control of pollution by recycling thewastes as animal feed.

13. Isolation and characterization ofActinomycetes and analysis of theirantibacterial potential.

14. Effect of coastal water quality on thecorrosion and bio fouling characteristicsof marine engineering alloys.

15. Destruction of volatile organic compounds(vocs) over perovskite-type compounds:Development of a catalytic oxidationdevice.

16. Effects of 03 on selected crop plantsunder ambient and elevated conditionusing ethylene diurea (EDU).

17. Isolation and identification of microbesfor composting of degradable plasticwaste.

Dr. T. Shivakumar, Department of ChemicalEngineering, Anna University, Chennai-600025,Tamil Nadu.

Dr. S.Muthusamy, School of Chemistry,Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli -620024, Tamil Nadu.

Prof. Tapan Kumar Ghosh, Department of AnimalNutrition, West Bengal University of Animal &Fishery Sciences, 37, Kshudiram Bose Sarani,Kolkata - 700037, West Bengal.

Dr. Rup Lal, Department of Zoology, DelhiUniversity, Delhi-110007, Delhi.

Dr. G. Subramanian, ScientistCentral Electrochemical Research InstituteKaraikudi-630006, Tamil Nadu.

Dr. K.M.Parida, Institute of Minerals & MaterialsTechnology, Bhubaneshwar -751013, Odisha.

Dr. S.B.Agarwal, Department of Botany, BanarasHindu University, Varanasi-221005, U.P.

Dr. S.B.Gupta, Department of Microbiology,Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidalaya, Raipur -492006, Chhattisgarh.

Sl. Title of the ProjectNo.

1. Ecology of Plant Galls in the Shola Forestsof Eastern and Western Ghats of TamilNadu

Name of Principal Investigator (PI) &Institute

Dr. S. Amerjothy, Deptt. of Plant Biology andPlant Biotechnology, Presidency College,Chennai- 600 005

Eastern and Western Ghats Research Programme (E&WGRP)

Sl. Title of the ProjectNo.

1. National Wetland Inventory & Assessment

Name of Principal Investigator (PI) &Institute

Dr. (Mrs.) Sushma Panigrahy, Space ApplicationCentre, Indian Space Research Organization,Ahmedabad-380015.

National Natural Resource Management System (NNRMS) Programme

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2. Assessment and Evaluation of SeagrassResources of India in two Oceanic Islandgroup (Andaman and Nicobar andLakshdweep), through conventional groundsurveys and Satellite Remote Sensing

3. To Develop A Protected Area ManagementInformation Management in NamdaphaNational park, Mouling National Park,Mehao Sanctuary and D'Ering MemorialWildlife Sanctuary - Arunachal Pradeshusing Remote Sensing & GIS Technology

4. Exploration, diversity, and mapping ofvegetation in the urban forests of KumaunHimalayan towns using Remote Sensing &GIS

Dr. T. Thanngaradjou, Centre of AdvancedStudy in Marine Biology, Annamalai University,Parangipettai, TamilNadu-608502.

Dr. G. Areendran, Director, Indira GandhiConservation Monitoring Center, WWF - India,172-B Lodhi Estate, New Delhi- 110003.

Dr. Subrat Sharma, Centre for Remote Sensingand Geo-informatics, G.B. Pant Institute ofHimalayan Environment & Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora - 263643, Uttarakhand.

Sl. Title of the ProjectNo.

1. Studies on Floral Diversity of NokrekBiosphere Reserve, Meghalaya.

2. Integrating Marine Ornamental Fishconservation and sustainableDevelopment, Captive Breeding,Technology Popularization and SeaRanching in Gulf of Mannar BiosphereReserve.

Name of Organization

Botanical Survey of India, Eastern RegionalCentre, Woodlands, Laitumkhrah, Shillong,Meghalaya.

Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu.

Biosphere Reserves

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Annexure-V

National River Conservation Plan States

Nodal Department

1. Andhra PradeshSecretary,Municipal Administration &U.D. Development,Govt. of Andhra Pradesh,A.P. Secretariat, Hyderabad-500 022Tel+Fax- 040-23450622

2. BiharPrincipal Secretary,Deptt. of Urban Development,Govt. of Bihar, Vikas Bhawan,Patna-800 015.Phone: 0612-2223580(O)Fax: 2223059

3. GoaDirector/Joint Secretary,Deptt. Of Science, Technology& Environment, Govt of Goa,opp. Saligao Seminary,P.O-Saligao Bardez,Panaji-403 511Tel./Fax.- 0832-24152201(O)

4. GujaratPrincipal Secretary,U.D. & Urban Housing Department,Sachivalaya, 9th floor, Block no-14Gandhi Nagar, Gujarat-382 010Phone : 079-23251001Fax: 079-23251005

Nodal Implementing Agency

Engineer-in Chief,Public Health Engg. Department, A.C.Guards,Hyderabad-500004Phone: 040-23391208Fax: 040-23393371

Managing Director,Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply &Sewerage Board, Khairtabad,Hyderabad -500 004Phone: 040-23442844Fax: 23442855

Managing Director,Bihar Urban InfrastructureDev. Corp. (BUIDCO)303, 3rd Floor, Maurya Tower,Maurya Lok Complex,Budh Marg, Patna, Bihar-800 001Fax- 0612-2210103, 2210100

Municipal Commissioner,Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation,Ahmedabad-380 001.Phone: 079- 25352828Fax: 079-25354638

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5. HaryanaFin. Commissioner & Pr. Secretary,Public Health Engineering Deptt,Govt. of Haryana Civil Sectt.,Chandigarh.Tel./Fax.- 0172-2704453 (O)

6. JharkhandSecretary,Deptt. Of Urban Development,Govt. of Jharkhand,Project Building, Dhurwa, 4th floor,Ranchi.-834004Phone: 0651-2403961(O)Fax: 0651-2400966

DirectorMunicipal AdministrationGovt of Jharkhand3rd Floor, Project BuildingDhurwa, Ranchi-834004Fax- 0651-2400966/2400961

7. KarnatakaPrincipal Secretary (Env)Govt. of KarnatakaBangalore

Nodal Department

Engineer-in-ChiefPublic Health Engineering Deptt,Govt. of HaryanaBay No. 13-18 Sector-4, Panchkula, HaryanaFax: 0172-2561673, 2560270Tel. 0172-2561672

Managing Director,Greater Ranchi Development Agency,3rd Floor, Pragati Sadan (RRDA Building)Katchery Chowk,Ranchi-834001Tel: 0651-2200280/2200599/2200192Fax: 0651-2200212

For Core Scheme:i) Chairman & Managing Director,

Bangalore Water Supply &Drainage Board,KHB Complex, Cauvery Bhawan,K.G. Road, Bangalore-560 009.Fax: 080-2217743(O)/6686855 (R)Phone: 080-2217743/2230080

For Non-core Scheme:ii) Member Secretary, Kr S.P.C.B.,

6, 7, 8 & 9th floor, Public Utility Building,M.G. Road, Bangalore-560 001Karnataka.

The Managing DirectorKarnataka Urban Water Supply &Drainage Board,Jalbhavan 1st stage, 1st phase,BTM Layout, Bannerghatta Road,Bangalore-560029Phone: 080-41106504 Fax: 080-26539206

Nodal Implementing Agency

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i) Member Secretary,M.P. Pollution Control Board,Paryavaran Parisar,E-5, Arera Colony,Bhopal-462 013Phone: 564428Fax: 0755-2463742, 0755-2462136

ii) E-N-C, PHED,Govt. of M.P.Satpura BhawanBhopal.Phone: 2561260, 2566990

iii) Executive Director, Environment Planning& Coordination Organization (EPCO)Paryavaran Bhawan,E-5, Area Colony,Bhopal-462016Fax: 0755-2462136

Member Secretary,Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran (MJP)4th floor, Express Tower, Nariman Point,MaharashtraPhone: 022-22025354(O)Fax: 022-22029348

Nodal Department Nodal Implementing Agency

8. KeralaPrincipal SecretaryWater Resources (Irrigation) Deptt,Public Officer BuildingGovernment of Kerala,Thiruvananthapuram- 695033Tel: 0471-2324394Fax: 0471-2324394

9. Madhya PradeshPrincipal Secretary,Housing and Environment Department,Govt. of Madhya Pradesh,Vallabh Bhawan,Bhopal-462 004

Chief Secretary,Govt. of Madhya PradeshBhopal

Principal Secretary,Housing and Environment Deptt.Govt. of Madhya Pradesh,Paryavaran Parisar,E-5, Arera ColonyBhopal-462016Phone: 0755-466859/2460189/ 2427004Fax: 0755-2462136

10. MaharastraPrincipal Secretary,15th Floor, New Admn Building,Environment Department,Govt. of Maharashtra,Mantralaya, Madam Cama Road,Mumbai-400 032Phone: 022-22793132Fax : 022-22813947

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Municipal Commissioner,Nasik Municipal CorporationNasik, MaharashtraPhone: 0253-2578206 (O)Fax: 2577936

Environment DepartmentGovt. of ManipurImphal, No. 09862050668

Chief Executive Officer,Delhi Jal Board,Varunalaya Phase-II,Jhandewalan, Delhi-110 005.Phone: 23511658Fax: 23516182

Additional Commissioner (Eng. DEMS&IT)Municipal Corporation of Delhi,I.P. Estate, New Delhi-110 002Phone: 23370571,23379983(O)Fax: 23370965/23370281

Commissioner,Municipal Corporation of DelhiTown Hall Chandni ChowkDelhi-110 006Phone: 23961012, 23967315Fax: 23965016/23392102

Adviser (E&F)Planning Commission,Yojna Bhawan,New Delhi - 110 001.Phone: 23096536, 23096666/2300

Nodal Department Nodal Implementing Agency

11. NagalandAddl. Chief Secretary,Govt. of Nagaland,Kohima, Fax: 0370-2290470

12. NCT of DelhiChief SecretaryGovt. of NCT of DelhiDelhi SecretariatIP Estate,New Delhi-1100 02

Principal Secretary(UD),Govt. of NCT of Delhi,Delhi SecretariatIP Estate,New Delhi.-110 002Phone: 23392167Fax: 23392253

Secretary (Environment),Govt. of NCT of Delhi,Delhi Secretariat, IP EstateNew Delhi.Fax: 23392034/23392102

Chairman,Central Pollution Control Board,Parivesh Bhawan, East Arjun Nagar,CBD Shahadra, Delhi - 110 032Phone: 22304948 (O)

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Member SecretaryOrissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board,Satya Nagar, Bhubaneshwar.Phone: 0674-2571185 (O)Fax: 2571348

Managing Director,Punjab Water Supply & Sewerage Board,Plot I-B, Sector-27A, Madhya MargChandigarhPhone: 0172-2651164(O)Telefax: 0172-2656526E-mail: [email protected]

(i) Chief Engineer (SP)Public Health Engg. Department,Govt. of Rajasthan,F-18, New Building, Ist Floor,2, Civil Lines, Jaipur-302006Fax: 0141-2222585 / 2220553

(ii) Project Director, RUIDPGovt. of Rajasthan,AVS Building, Jawahar Circle,Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur-17Fax: 0141-2721919

Nodal Department Nodal Implementing Agency

Member Secretary,Central Pollution Control Borad,Parivesh Bhawan, East Arjun Nagar,CBD Shahadra, Delhi- 110032Phone: 22307078(O)

13. OdishaCommissioner cum Secretary,Housing & Urban Development,Govt. of Orissa, Civil Secretariat,Bhubaneshwar-751 001.Phone: 2536903 Fax: 2394984

14. PunjabPrincipal Secretary,Department of Local Govt.Govt. of Punjab,Punjab Civil Secretariat,Chandigarh

15. RajasthanSecretary,Local Self Govt. Deptt.,Govt. of Rajasthan, Secretariat,Jaipur-5Fax: 0141-2227744

16. SikkimPCE-cum-Secretary,Govt. of Sikkim,Water Security & PHED,Nirman Bhawan,Gangtok-737101Tele/Fax: 03592-202671

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Nodal Department Nodal Implementing Agency

17. Tamil NaduPrincipal Secretary (Env. & Forests),Govt. of Tamil Nadu,Secretariat,Fort St. George, Chennai-600 009Phone: 044-25671511Fax: 044-25670560

Principal SecretaryM.A. & W.S. DepartmentGovt. of Tamil Nadu,Secretariat, Fort St. George,Chennai-600 009Phone: 044-25670491Fax: 044-25679866

18. Uttar PradeshPrincipal Secretary,Department of Urban Development,Govt. of U.P., Bapu Bhawan,Secretariat, Lucknow - 226 001Phone: 0522-2237314(O)Fax: 0522-2235241

Chief Secretary,Govt. of Uttar PradeshVidhan Bhawan, Lucknow, UP

Member Secretary (EMAT),G F, Panagal Building,No.1 Jeenis Road,Saidapet, Chennai-600 015.Phone: 044-24336421(O)Fax: 044-24336594 ®

Managing Director, CMWSSB,No-1, Pumping Station Road, Chintadripet,Chennai-600 002Phone: 044-28549000Fax: 044-28419643

Managing Director,TWAD Board No. 32,Kamarajar, Chepauk,Chennai-600 005Phone: 044-25670491(O)Fax: 044-25679866

Commissioner of Municipal Administration,Ezhilagam, Annexe Building,VIth Floor, Chepauk,Chennai -600 005Phone: 044-28513259Fax: 044-28518079

Managing Director,U.P. Jal Nigam,6, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow (UP)Phone: 0522-2626497Fax: 0522-2622389, 2626360

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Nodal Department Nodal Implementing Agency

Managing DirectorUttaranchal Peyjal Sansadhan VikasEvam Nirman Nigam,11, Mohini Road, DehradunPhone: 0135-2676812 (O)Fax: 0135-2672337

Chief Executive Officer,KMDA, Prashasan Bhawan,DD-I, Sector-I,Kolkata-700 064Phone: 033-23597915/7988Fax: 033-23597881/23593563

Director of Industries,Commerce & Industries Dept.Govt. of West Bengal,4 Camac Street,Kolkata - 700 016Fax: 033 - 22820790

Shri Irfan YaseenVice Chairman,J&K Lakes and Waterways AuthorityDevelopmentWali's House, BraineNishant, Srinagar (J&K)Fax: 0194-2464015/16

19. UttarakhandPrincipal Secretary, (Peyjal)Govt. of Uttarakhand, DehradunSecretariat, 4 Subhash Road,UttarakhandFax: 0135- 2712114/2712922

20. West BengalFor NRCPPrincipal SecretaryDepartment of EnvironmentWriters BuildingG-Block, 2nd Floor,Kolkata-700001Phone: 033-22145592 (O)Fax: 22141271

For CETPAddl. Chief Secretary,Commerce & Industries Department,Govt. of West Bengal,Kolkata-700 006Phone: 033-22820791Fax: 033-22820790

21. Jammu & KashmirSmt. Naseem LankerSecretaryHousing & Urban DevelopmentGovt. of J&KSri Nagar

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Annexure-VI A

List of wetlands of International Importance fromIndia under Ramsar Convention

S.No. Name of Wetland State Date of declaration

1. Chandratal H.P. 08/11/05

2. Renuka H.P. 08/11/05

3. Rudrasagar Tripura 08/11/05

4. Uppar Ganga U.P. 08/11/05

5. Hokarsar J&K 08/11/05

6. Surinsar - Mansar J&K 08/11/05

7. Bhitarkanika Mangroves Orissa 19/08/02

8. Bhoj Wetland Madhya Pradesh 19/08/02

9. Deepor Beel Assam 19/08/02

10. East Calcutta Wetlands West Bengal 19/08/02

11. Kolleru Lake Andhra Pradesh 19/08/02

12. Sasthamkotta Lake Kerala 19/08/02

13. Ashtamudi Kerala 19/08/02

14. Tsomorari Jammu & Kashmir 19/08/02

15. Vembanad-Kol Wetland Kerala 19/08/02

16. Point Calimere Sanctuary Tamil Nadu 19/08/02

17. Pong Dam Lake Himachal Pradesh 19/08/02

18. Kanjli Punjab 22/01/02

19. Ropar Punjab 22/01/02

20. Harike Lake Punjab 23/03/90

21. Loktak Lake MR Manipur 23/03/90

22. Sambhar Lake Rajasthan 23/03/90

23. Wular Lake Jammu & Kashmir 23/03/90

24. Chilika Lake Orissa 01/10/81

25. Keoladeo National Park MR Rajasthan 01/10/81

MR - Montreux Record

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Annexure-VI B

List of Wetlands Identified underNational Wetland Conservation Programme

S.No. State/UT S.No. Name of Wetlands

1. Andhra Pradesh 1. Kolleru

2. Assam 2. Deepar Beel

3. Urpad Beel

4. Sone Beel

3. Bihar 5. Kabar

6. Barilla

7. Kusheshwar Asthan

4. Gujarat 8. Nalsarovar

9. Great Rann of Kachh

10. Thol Bird Sanctuary

11. Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary

12. Little Rann of Kachh

13. Pariej

14. Wadhwana

15. Nanikakrad

5. Haryana 16. Sultanpur

17. Bhindawas

6. Himachal Pradesh 18. Renuka

19. Pong Dam

20. Chandratal

21. Rewalsar

22. Khajjiar

7. Jammu & Kashmir 23. Wullar

24. Tso Morari

25. Tisgul Tso & Chisul Marshes

26. Hokersar

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S.No. State/UT S.No. Name of Wetlands

27. Mansar-Surinsar

28. Ranjitsagar

29. Pangong Tsar

30. Gharana

31. Hygam

32. Mirgund

33. Shalbugh

34. Chushul & Hanley

8. Jharkhand 35. Udhwa

36. Tilaiya Dam

9. Karnataka 37. Magadhi

38. Gudavi Bird Sanctuary

39. Bonal

40. Hidkal & Ghataprabha

41. Heggeri

42. Ranganthittu

43. K.G. Koppa wetland

10. Kerala 44. Ashtamudi

45. Sasthamkotta

46. Kottuli

47. Kadulandi

48. Vembnad Kol

11 Madhya Pradesh 49. Barna

50. Yashwant Sagar

51. Wetland of Ken River

52. National Chambal Sanctuary

53. Ghatigaon

54. Ratapani

55. Denwa Tawa wetland

56. Kanha Tiger Reserve

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S.No. State/UT S.No. Name of Wetlands

57. Pench Tiger Reserve

58. Sakhyasagar

59. Dihaila

60. Govindsagar

61. Sirpur

12. Maharashtra 62. Ujni

63. Jayakawadi

64. Nalganga wetland

13. Manipur 65. Loktak

14. Mizoram 66. Tamdil

67. Palak

15. Orissa 68. Chilka

69. Kuanria wetland

70. Kanjia wetland

71. Daha wetland

72. Anusupa

16. Puducherry 73. Ousteri lake

17. Punjab 74. Harike

75. Ropar

76. Kanjli

77. Nangal

18. Rajasthan 78. Sambhar

19. Sikkim 79. Khechuperi Holy Lake

80. Tamze Wetland

81. Tembao Wetland Complex

82. Phendang Wetland Complex

83. Gurudokmar Wetland

84. Tsomgo wetland

20. Tamil Nadu 85. Point Calimer

86. Kaliveli

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S.No. State/UT S.No. Name of Wetlands

87. Pallaikarni

21. Tripura 88. Rudrasagar

89. Gumti reservoir

22. Uttar Pradesh. 90. Nawabganj

91. Sandi

92. Lakh Bahoshi

93. Samaspur

94. Alwara Wetland

95. Semarai Lake

96. Nagaria lake

97. Keetham Lake

98. Shekha wetland

99. Saman Bird Sanctuary

100. Sarsai Nawar

101. Patna Bird Sanctuary

102. Chandotal

103. Tal Bhaghel

104. Taal Ganbhirvan & Taal Salona

105. Aadi Jal Jeev Jheel

23. Uttarakhand 106. Ban Ganga Jhilmil Tal

107. Asan

24. West Bengal 108. East Calcutta Wetland

109. Sunderbans

110. Ahiron Beel

111. Rasik Beel

112. Santragachi

113. Patlakhawa- Rasomati

25. Meghalaya 114. Umiam lake

26. UT (Chandigarh) 115. Sukhna lake

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Annexure-VII

Names of Nodal Agencies of NGC Programme

S.No. State/UT State Nodal Agency

1 Andhra Pradesh Directorate of NGC, Deptt. of Environment, Forests,Science & Tech., Govt. of A.P., No. 18, A-Block, BuddhaBhavan Complex, MG Road, Hyderabad - 500 003

2 Andaman & Nicobar (U.T.) H. Q. Circle, Department of Forests, Vansadan, Haddo,Port Blair - 741002

3 Arunachal Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Pollution Control Board, Departmentof Environment & Forests, PCCF's Office 'Zero Point'Tiniali, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh-791111.

4 Assam Assam Science, Technology and Environment Council,Vigyan Bhawan, G. S. Road, Guwahati - 781 005

5 Bihar Bihar State Poll. Control Board, Beltron Bhawan, 2ndfloor, Lal Bahadur Shastri Nagar, Patna - 800 023

6 Chandigarh (UT) Department of Environment, Chandigarh Administration,Additional Town Hall Building, llnd Floor, Sector -17-,Chandigarh -160 017

7 Chhattisgarh Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board, NanakNiwas, Civil Lines, Raipur - 492 001

8 Dadra & Nagar Haveli (UT) Pollution Control Committee (PCC), DNH, Silvasa -396230

9 Daman& Diu (UT) Pollution Control Committee, Fort Area, Daman & Diu,Moti Daman - 396 220

10 Delhi (NCT) Eco Club Society of Delhi, Department of Environment,Govt. of NCT of Delhi, Level -6, C-Wing, Delhi Secretariat,I.P Estate, New Delhi - 110 002

11 Goa Goa State Council of Science, Technology &Environment, Opp. Saligao Seminary, Saligao, Barcez,Goa - 403 511

12 Gujarat Gujarat Ecological Education and Research Foundation(GEER), Near Indroda Nature Park, Sec. - 9, GandhiNagar - 382 009

13 Haryana Haryana State Pollution Control Board, Plot No. C-11,Sector -6, Panchkula -134 101

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S.No. State/UT State Nodal Agency

14 Himachal Pradesh State Council for Science, Technology & Environment,34, SDA Complex, Kasumpti, Shimla -171 009

15 Jammu & Kashmir (May to Oct)Srinagar- Sheikh-ul Alam Campus, Rajbagh behindGovt Silk Factory,Srinagar- Kashmir(Nov to April)J & K State Pollution Control BoardJammu- Parivesh Bhawan, Glandni Transport Nagar(Narwal) Jammu

16 Jharkhand Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board, T. A. DivisionBuilding, Ground Floor, H. E. C., Dhurwa,Ranchi - 834 004

17 Karnataka Environmental Management & Policy Research Institute,Department of Forests, Ecology and Environment,Government of Karnataka, "Hasiru Bhavana",Doresanipalya Forest Campus, Vinayakanagar Circle,J. P. Nagar, 5th Phase, Bangalore - 560 078

18 Kerala Kerala State Council for Science, Tech. & Environment,Shashtra Bhawan, Pattom, Thiruvannthapuram-695 004

19 Lakshadweep (UT) Deptt. of Environment and Forests, UT Administration ofLakshadweep, Kavaratti - 682555

20 Madhya Pradesh Environment Planning and Coordination Organisation(EPCO), Kachnar, Parayavaran Parisar, E-5, Sector,Arera Colony, Bhopal - 462 106

21 Maharashtra Maharashtra Ekatmik Padik Jamin Vikas Yantrana,Directorate of Social Forestory, Maharastra State, CentralAdministrative Building, Ground Floor, Pune - 411 001

22 Manipur Manipur Pollution Control Board, Lamphelpat, NearImphal West D.C. Office Complex, Imphal-795004

23 Meghalaya Forests & Environment Department, Sylvan House, LowerLauchumere, Shillong - 793 001

24 Mizoram Mizoram State Pollution Control Board, MG Road,Khatla, Aizawl - 796 001

25 Nagaland Nagaland Pollution Control Board, Signal Point,Dimapur -797112

26 Orissa Centre for Environmental Studies (CES), Forests &Environment Department, Govt. of Orissa, N-1/247,IRC Village, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar - 751 015

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S.No. State/UT State Nodal Agency

27 Pudducherry (UT) Environment Education Cell, State Training Centre,Perunthalivar Kamaraj Education Complex, 'B' Block, IVFloor, Anna Nagar, Puducherry - 605 005

28 Punjab Punjab State Council for Science and Technology,Adjacent Sacred Heart School, Sector - 26, Post BoxNo. 727, Chandigarh - 160019

29 Rajasthan Rajasthan Rajya Bharat Scouts & Guides, RajyaMukhyalaya, Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, Bajaj Nagar,Jaipur - 302 015

30 Sikkim Department of Forests, Environment & WildlifeManagement, Deorali, Gangtok -737 101, Sikkim

31 Tamil Nadu Environment Management Agency of Tamil Nadu (EMAT),Govt. of Tamil Nadu, Ground Floor, Panagal Building,No. 1, Jeenis Road, Saidapet, Chennai - 600 015

32 Tripura Tripura State Pollution Control Board, Vigyan Bhawan,Pt. Nehru Complex, Gorkha Basti, P.O. Kunjaban,Agartala, Tripura (W) - 799 006

33 Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board, PICUP Bhawan,3rd Floor, B-Block, Gomati Nagar, Vibhuti Khand,Lucknow-226010

34 Uttarakhand Uttarakhand Sabhi Ke Liye Shiksha Parishad (SSA),State Project Office, Nanoor Kheda, Tapovan Marg,Dehradun - 248 001

35 West Bengal West Bengal Pollution Control Board, Department ofEnvironment, Government of West Bengal, ParibeshBhawan, 10A, Block - LA, Sector III, Salt Lake City,Kolkata - 700 098.

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Annexure-VIII

List of RRAs under NEAC

S.No. Name of Organisations Area of Jurisdiction

1. Sri Swarupa Nistha Ashrama, Philosophical Andhra Pradesh (South)Welfare Society, H.No. 1-1189-99,1st Floor,N.G.O. Colony, Kadiri-515591, Anathapur Distt.Andhra Pradesh

2. Deccan Development Society, 101, Kishan Residency Andhra Pradesh (North)House No.1-11-242/1, Street No.5, Begum Pet,Hyderabad- 500 016

3. Assam Science Society, P.B.No.78, Lamb Road, AssamLatasil, Guwahati-781 001

4. Rural Youth Coordination Centre, BiharCamp Office: House No. 210,Indira Nagar Rajapur,Post-Patna G.P.O., Distt-Patna-800 001Head Office: At. Po. Distt. Saran, Bihar Pin-841401

5. Jan Kalyan Parishad, Moh. Namana Kala Ring Road, Chhattisgarh(Near Comel School), Ambikapur, Distt. -Surguja,Chattisgarh-497001

6. Indian Environmental Society, Delhi & Western U.P.U-112, Vidhata House, 3rd Floor,Vikas Marg, Shakarpur, Delhi- 110 092Branch Office: Kaveri Building, Ground FloorSanjay Palace, Agra

7. Vikram Sarabhai Centre for Development Gujarat & Daman DiuInteraction (VIKSAT), Nehru Foundation forDevelopment, Taltej Tekra, Vastrapur Road,Ahmedabad- 380 054

8. Haryana Nav Yuvak Kala Sangam (HNYKS) 46, HaryanaSector-I, Rohtak-124001, Haryana

9. State Council for Science, Technology & Environment Himachal PradeshH.P. 34, SDA Complex, Kasumpti, Shimla-171 009

10. World Wide Fund for Nature-India, Jammu & JammuKashmir State Office, C/O Centre for EnvironmentEducation & Training, New University campus,Jammu-180006

11. The NGOs Co-ordination Federation (J&K), Kashmir including LadakhUsman Complex Solina, Srinagar-190009 (J&K)

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S.No. Name of Organisations Area of Jurisdiction

12. Gram Vikas Kendra, K-3/57, Hans Stoehr Road, JharkhandTELCO Colony, Jamshedpur-831 004

13. Karnataka Rajya Vijnana Parishat, Vijnana Bhawan, KarnatakaNo. 24 /2 &24/3, 21st Main Road,Banashankari-II Stage, Bangalore- 560 070

14. Centre for Environment & Development, Kerala, Lakshadweep &Thozhuvancode, Vattiyoorkavu P.O., Minicoy IslandThiruvananthapuram, Kerala -695013

15. Bhartiya Agro-Industries Foundation (BAIF), Maharashtra, Goa &Development Research Foundation, BAIF Bhawan, Dadar Nagar HaveliDr. Manibhai Desai Nagar, National HighwayNo. 4, Warje, Pune- 411 058

16. Environment & Ecology Wing, Deptt. of Environment Manipurand Forests, Government of Manipur, Porompat,Near D.C. Officer, Imphal (east)-795 001

17. Environmental Planning & Coordination Madhya PradeshOrganisation (EPCO), 'Kachnar' Paryavaran Parisar,E-5, Arera Colony, Bhopal- 462 016

18. Center for Environment Protection (CEP), MizoramB-27/1,Tuikual South, Aizwal-796001, Mizoram

19. Nagaland Pollution Control Board, Signal Point, NagalandDimapur, Nagaland-797112

20. Centre for Environment Studies, Forests and South OrissaEnvironment Department, Government of Orissa,N-3/56 I.R.C. Village, Bhubaneshwar- 751015

21. Animal Welfare Society of Orissa, North OrissaBranch Office: At/Po- Bhandaripokhari,Distt-Bhadrak, OrissaHead Office: Qr. No. 4R-2, Unit-8 GopbandhuSquare, Bhubaneshwar - 751012

22. Punjab State Council for Science & Technology, Punjab & ChandigarhMG SIPA Building, Near Sacred Heart Public School,Sector-26, Chandigarh-160 019

23. Consumer Unity & Trust Society (CUTS), RajasthanD-217, Bhaskar Marg, Bani Park,Jaipur-302016, Rajasthan

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Ministry of Environment & Forests

S.No. Name of Organisations Area of Jurisdiction

24. C.P. Ramaswamy Aiyer Foundation, Tamilnadu (North) &The grove, 1-Eldmas Road, Alwerpet, Andaman NicobarChennai- 600 018

25. C.P. Ramaswamy Environment Education Centre, PondicherryNo. 1-A, Eldams Road, Chennai- 600 018

26. PEACE Trust, Near Police Colony, Trichy Road, Tamilnadu (South)Dindigul, Tamil Nadu-624005

27. Tripura State Pollution Control Board, TripuraPandit Nehru Complex, Gorkhabasti,Agartala-799 006

28. Devoted Organization for Reforming UttaranchalEnvironment (DORE), 196-B, Khari Bazar,Ranikhet-263645, Uttranchal

29. Shohratgarh Environmental Society, Uttar Pradesh (East)Prem Kunj, 9, Adarsh Colony, Shohratgarh,Siddharth Nagar Distt. 272 205 (U.P.)

30. School of Fundamental Research, 29, West BengalPratapaditya Road, Kolkata- 700 026 Except Darjeeling Hilly Areas

and Siliguri

31. Federation of Societies for Environmental Darjeeling Hilly Area & SiliguriProtection (FOSEP), Darjeeling, Dr. S.M. Das Road,Red Cross Building, Darjelling-734101, West Bengal

32. Department of Environment& Forests, Arunachal PradeshOffice of the PCCF & Prinl. Secry., 'P'-Sector,Government of Arunachal Pradesh, Itanagar-791111

33. Department of Environment, MeghalayaGovernment of Meghalaya, Shillong-793 001.

34. State Environment Agency Forest, Environment and SikkimWildlife Management Department,Government of Sikkim, Gangtok-737 101

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List of ENVIS Centres

Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject AreaNo. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

ENVIS Institutional Centres (Subject Specific)

1. Central Pollution Control Shri G. Ganesh, ENVIS Coordinator Control ofBoard (CPCB), Delhi Parivesh Bhawan, East Arjun Nagar, Pollution (Water,

Delhi-110 032, Delhi Air and Noise)Phone: 011-22301932, 43102258Fax: 011-22304948, 22301932, 43102258Email: [email protected]: www.cpcbenvis.nic.in

2. Industrial Toxicological Dr. K.C. Gupta, Director Toxic ChemicalsResearch Centre (ITRC), Shri Shailendra Kumar Gupta,Lucknow ENVIS Coordinator

Post Box No.80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg,Lucknow-226 001, Uttar PradeshPhone:+91 522 2620206 (Ext. 308), 2620207 (Ext. 308), 2284591Fax: +91 522 2628227,2628227,2611547Email:[email protected],[email protected],[email protected]: url: www.itrcenvis.nic.in

3. National Institute of Dr. P.K. Nag, Director EnvironmentalOccupational Health Dr. Sunil Kumar, Scientist 'G' & and(NIOH), Ahmedabad ENVIS Coordinator Occupational

Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, HealthGujarat-380016Phone: 079-22686351,22686259, 22682868, 22688842Coordinator : 09426395738Fax: 079-22686361,22686110Email: [email protected],[email protected]: www.niohenvis.nic.in

4. Centre for Ecological Prof. R. Sukumar, Chairman Western GhatsSciences - Indian Dr. T.V. Ramachandran, ENVIS Coordinator Ecology andInstitute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, Karnataka-560 012, Bengaluru BiodiversityBengaluru Phone: 91-080-22933099/23600985/

91-080-22932506/23601428/23600085/91-080-23600683Email: [email protected], [email protected]: http://ces.iisc.ernet.in/biodiversity

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5. Centre for Advanced Prof. Dr. T. Balasubramanian, Mangroves,Study in Marine Biology Dean & Director and ENVIS In-Charge Estuaries,(CASMB), Parangipettai Annamalai University, Parangipettai-608502, Lagoons, Coral

Tamil Nadu ReefsPhone: 04144-243223, 243533, 253089, 09443330214Fax: 04144- 243555/243641Email: [email protected], [email protected]: casmbenvis.nic.in

6. Zoological Survey of Dr. K. Venkataraman, Director Faunal BioIndia (ZSI), Kolkata Dr. Achintya Chattopadhyay, diversity

ENVIS CoordinatorPrani Vigyan Bhawan, M Block,New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, West BengalPhone: 033-24008595, 24006893, 24003925, 24002360 (Extn. 292)Fax: 033-24006893, 24006893Coordinator: 09339382386Email: [email protected], [email protected]: zsienvis.nic.in

7. Centre for Mining Prof. D. C. Panigrahi, Director EnvironmentalEnvironment (CME), Dr. Asim Kumar Pal, Problems ofIndian School of Mines, Prof & ENVIS Coordinator MiningDhanbad Indian School of Mines,

Dhanbad-826004, JharkhandPhone: 0326-2296624/25,Coordinator: 09939160256Fax: 0326-2296624, 2296603Email: [email protected], [email protected]

8. National Environmental Shri Prakash Kumbhare, ENVIS Coordinator HazardousEngineering Research Nehru Marg, Nagpur-440020, Maharashtra WasteInstitute (NEERI), Nagpur Phone: 0712-2226026,2226071, 2249885

Fax: 0712-2225191, 2249782, 2249900Email: [email protected]: neerienvis.nic.in

9. G.B. Pant Institute of Dr. L.M.S. Palni, Director HimalayanHimalayan Environment Dr. P.P. Dhyani, ENVIS Coordinator Ecologyand Development Kosi - Katarmal, Almora-263643,(GBPIHED), Almora Uttarakhand, Phone: 05962-241041,

241153 (Extn.54), 241015Coordinator: 09412092189, 09412092188, 09720335427

Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject AreaNo. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

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Fax: 05962-241014/15, 241150, 241153Email: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected], [email protected]: gbpihed.nic.in

10. Botanical Survey of Dr. Paramjit Singh, Director, BSI FloralIndia (BSI), Kolkata Dr.P.Lakshminarasimhan, Project In-Charge, Biodiversity

ENVIS CENTREENVIS Centre on Floral DiversityCNH Building, 3rd Floor, AJC Bose IndianBotanic Garden, P.O. Botanic garden,Howrah-711103, Kolkata, West BengalPhone: 033-26683235, 26680667Fax: 033-26686226Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: bsienvis.nic.in

11. Forest Research Institute Dr. S.S. Negi, IFS, Director Forestry(FRI), Dehradun Shri Shailendra Kaushik, ENVIS Coordinator

National Forest Library & Information Centre,Indian Council of Forestry Research EducationNew forest - P.O., Dehradun-248006,UttarakhandPhone: 0135-2756414 Fax: 0135-2756865Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: frienvis.nic.in

12. Wildlife Institute of India Dr. P.R. Sinha Director Wildlife and(WII), Dehradun Dr. V.B. Mathur, ENVIS Coordinator Protected Area

PO Box NO. 18, Chandrabani, ManagementDehradun-248001, UttarakhandPhone: 0135-2040111-15 (Extn.202)Coordinator: 09412054648Fax: 0135-2640117Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: wiienvis.nic.in

13. State Council of Science Shri A.K. Srivastava, IAS, Secretary, Eco-Tourismand Technology for Dept. of Science & TechnologySikkim (SCSTS), Gangtok Shri Dorji Thinlay Bhutia, ENVIS Coordinator

Deorali, Gangtok-737 102, Sikkim

Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject AreaNo. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

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Phone: 03592-208940, 205551,Coordinator : 09434188242Fax: 0359-2208764, 2228764Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: scstsenvis.nic.in

14. Central Arid Zone Dr. M.M. Roy, Director DesertificationResearch Institute Shri Tirth Das, ENVIS Coordinator(CAZRI), Jodhpur Dr. Raheja Library, Jodhpur-342 003,

RajasthanPhone: 291- 2786931Coordinator: 09829586846Fax: 291-788706Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: cazrienvis.nic.in

15. Department of Zoology - Prof. N. Munuswamy, Hon. Director and Micro-organismsUniversity of Madras, ENVIS Coordinator andChennai Life Science Building, Guindy Campus, environmental

Chennai-600 025, Tamil Nadu managementPhone: 044-22300899Mobile: 09884171947, 09444895145Fax: 044-22300899Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: dzumenvis.nic.in

16. Institute for Ocean Prof. R. Ramesh, Director and CoastalManagement (IOM), ENVIS Coordinator Regulation ZoneChennai Koodal Building, Anna University, Management

Chennai-600 025, Tamil Nadu and CoastalPhone: 044-22330108, 22200159, Shelter Belts 22203408Mobile: 9840966299 Fax: 044-22200158Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: iomenvis.nic.in

17. Indian Institute of Prof. B.N. Goswami, Director Acid Rain andTropical Meteorology Dr. Gufran Beig , Scientist F & Atmospheric(IITM), Pune ENVIS Coordinator Pollution

Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan,

Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject AreaNo. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

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Pune-411 008, MaharashtraPhone: 020-25904200, 25893825 (Extn. 261, 212)Mobile: 09423018580 Fax: 020-25893825Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: iitmenvis.nic.in, envis.tropmet.res.in

18. Indian Institute of Dr. J.S. Yadav, Director Bioinformatics -Chemical Technology Dr. U.Suryanarayana Murthy, Vector Control(IICT), Hyderabad ENVIS Coordinator

Habsiguda, Uppal Road, Hyderabad-500007,Andhra PradeshPhone: 040-27193134 Fax: 040-27193227Coordinator: +91-9440802794Email: [email protected], [email protected]: iictenvis.nic.in

19. Central Building Prof. S.K. Bhattacharya, Director Fly AshResearch Institute (CBRI), Dr. L.P. Singh, ENVIS CoordinatorRoorkee Roorkee-247 667, Uttarakhand

Phone: 01332-283442, 272391, 2722432Mobile: Coordinator : 09837031050Fax: 01332-272272, 272543Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: cbrienvis.nic.in

20. National Botanical Dr. C.S. Nautiyal - Director Indicators ofResearch Institute (NBRI), Dr. Nandita Singh, ENVIS Coordinator Plant PollutionLucknow Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226 001,

Uttar PradeshPhone: 0522-2205847, 2205839, 2297931Coordinator : 09415110314Fax: 0522-2205847Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: nbrienvis.nic.in

21. Gujarat Cleaner Shri Bharat P. Jain, Member Secretary CleanerProduction Centre Ms. Neerja Desai, Coordinator Production &(GCPC), Gandhi Nagar Block No.4, 3rd Floor, Udyog Bhawan, Technology

Sector-11, Gandhi Nagar-382 017, GujaratPhone: 079- 23244147Fax: 079-23244306

Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject AreaNo. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

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Coordinator : 09879277018Email: [email protected], [email protected]: gcpcgujarat.org/envis

22. Department of Prof. Alok Kumar Banerjee EnvironmentalEnvironmental Sciences Prof. S.C. Santra, ENVIS Coordinator Biotechnology(DES), University of University of Kalyani, Kalyani Distt. NadiaKalyani, West Bengal West Bengal - 741235

Phone: 033-25808749 Fax: 033-25828282Coordinator: 09433215100Email: [email protected], [email protected]: deskuenvis.nic.in

23. School of Planning and Prof. A. K. Sharma, Director HumanArchitecture (SPA), Prof. Meenakshi Dhote, ENVIS Coordinator SettlementDelhi 4 B, Block, Indraprastha Estate,

New Delhi-110002Phone: 011-23702393Coordinator: 09313508547Fax: 011-23702383Email: [email protected], [email protected]: spaenvis.nic.in

24. School of Shri Sandeep Chatterjee, Registrar BiogeochemistryEnvironmental Sciences Prof. Sudha Bhattacharya, Dean,Jawaharlal Nehru School of Environmental Sciences,University (JNU), Delhi JNU & ENVIS Coordinator

New Delhi-110 067, IndiaPhone: 011-26704315Fax: 26741502Email: [email protected]: jnuenvis.nic.in

ENVIS NGO Centres (Subject Specific)

25. The Energy Resources Dr. R.K. Pachauri, Director General RenewableInstitute (TERI), Delhi Shri P.K. Bhattacharya, ENVIS Coordinator Energy and

Darbari Seth Block, Habitat Centre, EnvironmentLodi Road, New Delhi-110 003Phone: 011-24682100,24682111,41504900Coordinator: 9811873580Fax: 011-246821 44/45Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: terienvis.nic.in

Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject AreaNo. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

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26. World Wide Fund for Shri Ravi Singh, Secretary General and CEO NGOs andNature - India (WWF), Shri G. Areendran, ENVIS Coordinator ParliamentDelhi Indira Gandhi Conservation Monitoring

Centre (IGCMC),172-B, Lodhi Estate, New Delhi-110 003Phone: 011-41504791, 41504793Coordinator: 9968061056Fax: 011-41504779, 24691226Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: wwfenvis.nic.in

27. Centre for Environment Shri Kartikeya V. Sarabhai, Director EnvironmentalEducation (CEE), Rajeswari N. Gorana, ENVIS Coordinator EducationAhmedabad Nehru Foundation for Development,

Taltej Tekra, Ahmedabad-380 054, GujaratPhone: 079-26844795, 26858002-05, 26858011Coordinator: 9825647784Fax: 079-26858010Email: [email protected]@envis.nic.in, [email protected]: greenteacher.org

28. Environment Protection Shri Indrajit Pal, IAS, Director General Ecology ofTraining and Research Dr. Razia Sultana, Director and Eastern GhatsInstitute (EPTRI), ENVIS CoordinatorHyderabad 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032,

Andhra PradeshPhone: 040-2323180103, 23180114Coordinator: 9848475506Fax: 040-23180135Email: [email protected], [email protected]: eptrienvis.nic.in

29. Centre for Media Dr. N. Baskara Rao, Chairman CommunicationStudies (CMS), Delhi Shri Rohit Singh, ENVIS Coordinator and Electronic

Research House, B-34, Community Centre, MediaSaket, New Delhi-110 017, DelhiPhone: 011-26851660, 26522255, 26522244 26856429Coordinator: 09899979158Fax: 011-26968282, 26968282Email:[email protected],[email protected]: cmsenvis.nic.in

Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject AreaNo. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

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30. Bombay Natural History Dr. Asad R. Rahmani, Director Avian EcologySociety (BNHS), Mumbai Hornbill House, Dr. Salim Ali Chowk,

Saheed Bhagat Singh Road,Mumbai-400 001, MaharashtraPhone: 022-22821811Fax: 022-22837615Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: bnhsenvis.nic.in

31. Consumer Education Shri Kalyan Bose, Hon. Director (Admn.) Eco-Labeling andand Research Centre Ms Gauri Wagenaar, ENVIS Coordinator Eco-Friendly(CERC), Ahmedabad Suraksha Sankool, Thaltej, Products

Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway,Ahmedabad-380 054, GujaratPhone: 079-27489945-46, 27450528, 27451097Fax: 079-27489947Email: [email protected], [email protected]: enviscerc.org

32. CPR Environmental Dr.(Mrs.) Nanditha C, Krishna, Hon. Director Conservation ofEducation Centre Shri P.Sudhakar, ENVIS Coordinator Ecological(CPREEC), Chennai 1, Eldams Road, Alwarpet, Heritage and

Chennai-600 018, Tamil Nadu Sacred SitesPhone: 044-24346526, 24337023, in India 24341778Coordinator: 094442 54831Fax: 044-24320756Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: cpreecenvis.nic.in

33. Foundation for Dr. Padma Venkat, Director Conservation ofRevitalization of Local Ms. Suma TS, ENVIS Coordinator Medicinal PlantsHealth Traditions (FRLHT), 74/2, Jarakbande Kaval, Yelahanka,Bengaluru via Attu PO, Bengaluru-560 064, Karnataka

Phone: 080-28565847, 28568007, 28565873, 28568000Coordinator: 09448937066Fax: 080-28565895, 28567926Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: frlhtenvis.nic.in

Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject AreaNo. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

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34. National Solid Waste Dr. Amiya Kumar Sahu, President and Municipal SolidAssociation of India ENVIS Coordinator, Waste(NSWAI), Mumbai B-703, Customs Colony A, Marol, Management

Military Road, Andheri (E),Mumbai - 400 059Phone: 022-24375363, 29207577Telefax: 022-29202951, 29202951Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: nswai.com

35. International Institute of Dr. Namita Mathur, Head & Hygiene,Health and Hygiene, ENVIS Coordinator Sanitation,Delhi Sulabh Bhawan, Mahavir Enclave, Sewage

New Delhi-110 045, Delhi TreatmentPhone: 011-25058941 Systems andCoordinator: 9810055105 TechnologyFax: 011-25034014Email: [email protected]: sulabhenvis.nic.in

36. Indian Centre for Plastic Shri K.G. Ramanathan, President Management ofin the Environment Shri T.K. Bandopadhyay, ENVIS Coordinator Plastic, Polymers(ICPE), Mumbai OLYMPUS House, 2nd Floor, 25, and Biopolymers

Raghunath Dadaji Street, (Near Fort House -Formerly Handloom House), Fort,Mumbai - 400 001Phone: 022-22617137, 22617165, 40022491Fax: 022-22617168, 09323296499Email: [email protected], [email protected]: icpeenvis.nic.in

37. Salim Ali Centre for Dr. P.A. Azeez, Director WetlandOrnithology and Dr. Goldin Quadros, ENVIS Coordinator EcosystemNatural History Anaikatty P.O., Coimbatore-641 108, (including inland(SACON), Coimbatore Tamil Nadu wetlands)

Phone: 0422-2657101-102Coordinator: 09869183412Fax: 0422-2657088Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: wetlandsofindia.org

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38. International Institute for Dr. F. Ram, Director Population,Population Sciences Dr. R.B. Bhagat, ENVIS Coordinator Human(IIPS), Mumbai Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Settlement and

Mumbai-400 088, Maharashtra EnvironmentPhone: 022-42372412, 42372473Coordinator : 09869947264Fax: 022-25563257Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: iipsenvis.nic.in

39. Indian Environmental Dr. Desh Bandhu, President and Role ofSociety (IES), Delhi ENVIS Coordinator Panchayats in

Vidhata House, Vikas Marg, EnvironmentShakarpur, Delhi-110092Phone: 011-22046823,22450749Coordinator: 9810180133Fax: 011-22523311Email: [email protected], [email protected]: iesenvis.nic.in

ENVIS Government Centres (State Government)

40. Environment Protection Shri Indrajit Pal, IAS, Director General Status ofTraining and Research Dr. Razia Sultana, Director and Environment andInstitute (EPTRI), ENVIS Coordinator Related IssuesHyderabad 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032,

Andhra PradeshPhone: 040-23180103, 23180114Coordinator: 9848475506Fax: 040-23180135Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: apenvis.nic.in

41. Assam Science, Dr. Satyendra Kumar Choudhury, Director Status ofTechnology and Shri Jaideep Baruah, ENVIS Coordinator Environment andEnvironmental Council, Bigyan Bhawan, G.S. Road, Related IssuesGuwahati Guwahati-781005, Assam

Phone: 0361-2464621/2464619Mobile: 09435032706, 09435102089Telefax: 0361-2464617Email: [email protected], [email protected],[email protected], [email protected]: asmenvis.nic.in

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42. Bihar State Pollution Prof. Subhash Chandra Singh, Chairman Status ofControl Board, Shri Anil Kumar, ENVIS Coordinator Environment andPatna Beltron Bhawan, 2nd Floor, Lal Bhadur Related Issues

Shastri Nagar, Patna-800 023, BiharPhone: 0612-2281250, 2291709, 2281050Fax: 0612-2291709, 2281050Email: [email protected]: bhenvis.nic.in

43. Chhattisgarh Environment Shri Anil Kumar Sharma, Member Secretary Status ofConservation Board, Shri A.P. Savant, ENVIS Coordinator Environment andRaipur Nanak Niwas, Civil Lines, Related Issues

Raipur-492 001, ChhattisgarhPhone: 0771-2443934, 2425523Fax: 0771-2443924, 2425585Email: [email protected]: enviscecb.org/links.htm

44. Department of Science, Dr. N.P.S. Varde, Director/Jt. Secy. (STE) Status ofTechnology and Dr. Mohan R. Girap, ENVIS Coordinator Environment andEnvironment, Goa Saligao Plateau, Saligao,Bardez-403511,Goa Related Issues

Phone: 0832-2407186, Fax: 0832-2407186Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: goaenvis.nic.in

45. Gujarat Ecology Shri C.H. Pandya, Director Status ofCommission (GEC), Shri Nischal Joshi, Sr. Project Manager Environment andGandhinagar Block No.18/1, Udyog Bhavan, Sector-11, Related Issues

Gandhinagar-382017, GujaratPhone: 079-23257658, 23257659Coordinator: 09825030698Fax: 079-23257656Email:[email protected],[email protected]: gujenvfor.gswan.gov.in

46. State Council for Shri E. Vikram, IFS, Jt. Member Secretary(EC) Status ofScience, Technology Dr. Alka Sharma, ENVIS Coordinator Environment andand Environment B-34, SDA Complex, Kasumpti, Related Issues(SCSTE), Shimla Shimla-171 009, Himachal Pradesh

Phone: 0177-2622490,2620998, 2622923, 2633923Coordinator - 09816462200Fax: 0177-2620998Email: [email protected]: hpenvis.nic.in

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47. Directorate of Shri Ravi Kumar Kesar (IFS), Director Status ofEnvironment and Mrs. Mutaharra A W Deva, Environment andRemote Sensing, ENVIS Coordinator Related IssuesSrinagar (J&K) SDA Complex, Bemina, Srinagar

Phone: 0194-2490823Gladni Narwal JammuMay-Oct Phone: 0194-2490823, 2454847Nov-Apr 0191-2490020TeleFax: 0194-2490823Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: jkenvis.nic.in

48. Department of Forests, Shri A. K. Singhi IFS, Principal Chief Status ofJharkhand Conservator of Forests, Environment and

Forests & Environment Department Related IssuesShri A. K. Mishra, IFS. Addl. PrincipalChief Conservator of Forests,Working Plan and Research Council,Doranda,Ranchi-834 002, JharkhandPhone: 0651- 2482294Coordinator: 9431140743, 9431707214Fax: 0651-2480655Email: [email protected], [email protected]: jharenvis.nic.in

49. Environment Management Shri R.M.N. Sahai, IFS, Director General Status of& Policy Institute (EMPRI), Shri K.H. Vinaya Kumar, IFS, Environment andBangaluru ENVIS Coordinator Related Issues

Department of Forests, Environment andEcology, Govt. of Karnataka,Hasiru Bhawan, Doresanipalya,Forest Campus, Vinayaka Nagar Circle,J.P. Nagar, 5th Phase,Bangaluru-560078, KarnatakaPhone: 080-26490746, 26490747, 22254377, 22092445Fax: 080-26490745, 22254377Coordinator: 9611135140, 9916131360Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: parisaramahiti.kar.nic.in

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50. Kerala State Council for Prof. V N Rajasekharan Pillai, Status ofScience, Technology Ex. Vice President, (KSCSTE), Environment andand Environment Dr. Kamalakshan Kokkal, Principal Scientific Related Issues(KSCSTE), Officer & ENVIS CoordinatorThiruvananthapuram Sasthra Bhawan, Pattom P.O.,

Thiruvananthapuram-695 004, KeralaPhone: 0471-2548210, 2543701-05Coordinator: 09447489587, 0471-2548213Fax: 0471-2543558, 2540085Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] [email protected]: kerenvis.nic.in

51. Disaster Management Shri Manohar Dubey, Executive Director Status ofInstitute (DMI), Bhopal Dr. Rakesh Dubey, ENVIS Coordinator and Environment and

Director DMI Related IssuesHousing and Environment Department,Paryavaran Parisar, E-5, Arera Colony,P.B.No.563, Bhopal-462 016,Madhya PradeshPhone: 0755-2466715, 2461538, 2461348, 5293592Fax: 0755-2466653Coordinator- 09893250923Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: mpenvis.nic.in

52. State Environment Dr. B.N. Patil, ENVIS Coordinator Status ofDepartment-Maharashtra, New Administrative Building, 15th Floor, Environment andMumbai Madam Cama Marg, Mantralaya, Related Issues

Mumbai-400 032, MaharashtraPhone: 022-22854707, 22855082Coordinator: 9869942395Fax: 022-22025946Email: [email protected], [email protected]: mahenvis.nic.in

53. Dept. of Environment Dr. M. Homeshowor Singh, Chairman, Status ofand Forests, Imphal Project Implementation Committee, Environment and

Senior Scientific Officer Related IssuesDr. Y. Nabachandra Singh,ENVIS CoordinatorPorompat (Near DC Imphal-East),Imphal (East)-795 010, ManipurPhone: 0385-2227625

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Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject AreaNo. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

Coordinator: 09436035880, 09436038970Fax: 0385-2227625, 2446670Email: [email protected], [email protected]: manenvis.nic.in

54. Mizoram Pollution Shri C.Lalduhawma, Member Secretary & Status ofControl Board, Aizwal ENVIS Coordinator Environment and

Silver House, Tuikhuahtlang, Related IssuesAizwal-796 001, MizoramPhone: 0389-2316591, 2326173, 231184, 09436142012Fax: 0389-2316591, 2316590Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: mizenvis.nic.in

55. Nagaland Institute of Mrs. P. Lotha, Director Status ofHealth, Environment Dr. Inakhe Sumi, ENVIS Coordinator Environment andand Social Welfare Opposite to Commissioner's Office, Related Issues(NIHESW), Kohima Old Secretariat Complex,

Kohima-797 001, NagalandPhone: 0370-2292086Fax: 0370-2240626, 2245615, 2240180Mob: 09436010783Coordinator 09436001470Email: [email protected], [email protected]: nagenvis.nic.in

56. Centre for Environmental Ms Sailabala Padhi, Director & Status ofStudies (CES), Forest & ENVIS Coordinator Environment andEnvironment Department, Forest & Environment Department, Related IssuesBhubaneswar Government of Odisha,

N-1/247, IRC Village, Nayapalli,Bhubaneswar-751 015, OdishaPhone: 0674-2551853, 2551853Coordinator: 09437011837, 09937095353Fax: 0674-2553182Email: [email protected], [email protected]: orienvis.nic.in

57. Punjab State Council for Ms. Neelima Jerath, Executive Director Status ofScience and Technology Shri Gurharminder Singh, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and(PSCST), Chandigarh MGSIPA Complex, Second Floor, Related Issues

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Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject AreaNo. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

Adj. Sacred Heart School, Sector-26,Chandigarh-160 019, PunjabPhone: 0172- 2793600, 2792325, 2793300, Ext. 140Fax: 0172-2793143Coordinator: 9815655801Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: punenvis.nic.in

58. Rajasthan State Pollution Dr. V. S.Singh, Chairman Status ofControl Board, Jaipur Shri Vijai Singhal, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and

4, Institutional Area, Jhalana Doongari, Related IssuesJaipur-302 004, RajasthanPhone: 0141-2705731, 2707285,2711263Fax: 0141-2709980Email: [email protected], [email protected]: rajenvis.nic.in

59. Forests, Environment & Shri N.T. Bhutia, IFS, PCCF-cum-Secretary Status ofWildlife Management Shri Y.P. Gurung, IFS and ENVIS Coordinator Environment andDepartment, Gangtok ENVIS Centre Sikkim, Related Issues

Forest Secretariat Annex-II, Ground Floor,Room No.1101/1102,Deorali, Gangtok-737 102, Sikkim (East)Phone: 03592-280381, 281778, 281145Fax: 03592-280381, 281778,09434077006, 09434109635,Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: sikenvis.nic.in

60. Department of Thiru T.S. Srinivasamurthy, I.F.S, Status ofEnvironment, Chennai Director of Environment Environment and

Shri J.D. Marcus Knight, ENVIS Coordinator Related Issues#1, Jeenis Road, 4th Floor Down,Panagal Building, Saidapet,Chennai-600 015, Tamil NaduPhone: 044-24331243, 24336421Coordinator: 09884338406Fax: 044-24336594Email: [email protected], [email protected]: tnenvis.nic.in

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Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject AreaNo. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

61. Tripura State Pollution Prof. Mihir Deb, Chairman Status ofControl Board, Shri Sumonta Chakraborti, Environment andAgartala Environmental Engineer Related Issues

Parivesh Bhawan, Pandit Nehru Complex,Gorkhabasti, P.O. Kunjaban,Agartala-799 006, TripuraPhone: 0381-2322462, 2306233Coordinator: 09436122197Fax: 0381-2225421Email: [email protected], [email protected]: trpenvis.nic.in

62. Environment Directorate - Shri O.P. Verma, Director(I/C) Status ofLucknow Shri R.K. Sardana, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and

Vinit Khand-1, Gomti Nagar, Related IssuesLucknow-226 020, Uttar PradeshPhone: 0522-2300541Coordinator: 09450777908Fax: 0522-2300543Email: [email protected], [email protected]: upenvis.nic.in

63. Uttarakhand Environment Dr. Ajay Gairola, Member Secretary Status ofProtection & Pollution Shri Amarjeet Singh Oberai, Environment andControl Board (UEPPCB), ENVIS Coordinator Related IssuesDehradun E-115, Nehru Colony, Hardwar Road,

Dehradun-248 011, UttarakhandPhone: 0135-2668922Coordinator: 09412085568Fax: 0135-2668092Email: [email protected], [email protected] [email protected], [email protected]: utrenvis.nic.in

64. Department of Shri S.S. Chaudhary, PCCF Status ofEnvironment and Shri George Jacob, ENVIS Coordinator Environment andForest, Port Blair Van Sadan, Haddo P.O., Port Blair-744 102, Related Issues

Andaman and NicobarPhone: 03192-233233, 234430Fax: 03192-230113, 244664Email: [email protected]: as.and.nic.in/envis

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Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject AreaNo. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

65. Forest Department Shri Richard D'Souza, Chairman Status of(Wildlife Division), Shri Birendra Chaudhary, IFS, Environment andSilvasa, Union Territories Deputy Conservator of Forests (WL) / Related Issuesof Dadra & Nagar ENVIS CoordinatorHaveli and Daman & Van Bhavan, Opp. Gujarat Industrial Bank,Diu Silvassa, Union Territory of Dadra and

Nagar Haveli, Pin - 396 230Phone: 0260 - 2643048, 02638-2230963, 2230524, 9825515965Fax: 02638-2230804Email: [email protected], [email protected]

66. Department of Shri. Ishwar Singh, Director, Status ofEnvironment - Shri P.J.S. Dadhwal, ENVIS Coordinator Environment andChandigarh Chandigarh Administration, Addl. Town Hall Related Issues

Building, 2nd Floor, Sector 17-C,Chandigarh-160 001, PunjabPhone: 0172-2700065, 0172- 2700311, 9646712399 (SPO)Fax: 0172- 2700149Email: [email protected], [email protected]: chenvis.nic.in

67. Puducherry Pollution Dr.N.Ramesh, ENVIS Coordinator Status ofControl Committee, IIIrd Floor, Housing Board Building, Environment andAnna Nagar Anna Nagar, Puducherry-605 005, Related Issues

PuducherryPhone: 0413-2201256Mobile: 09443329141, 09443716026, 09442524264Fax: 0413-2203494Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]: dstepuducherry.gov.in/envis1.htm

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Annexure-X

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FOREST

PERFORMANCE AUDIT OF WATER POLLUTION IN INDIA (REPORT NO 21 OF 2011-12) FOR THEYEAR ENDING MARCH 2011 PRESENTED IN PARLIAMENT ON 16-12-2011

Legislative and Policy framework

Water pollution has not been adequately addressed in any policy in India, both at the centraland the State level. In the absence of a specific water pollution policy which would also incorporateprevention of pollution, treatment of polluted water and ecological restoration of polluted water bodies,government efforts in these areas would not get the required emphasis and thrust.

(Paragraph 2.1, 2.3)

Planning for control of pollution of rivers, lakes and ground water

It was observed that MoEF and a number of States:

– did not undertake complete inventorisation of rivers/lakes and keystone species associated withthem.

(Paragraph 3.1)

– did not carry out identification of existing pollution levels in rivers and lakes in terms of biologicalindicators.

(Paragraph 3.2)

– had not identified and quantified contaminants in rivers, lakes and ground water.

(Paragraph 3.3)

– were yet to identify and quantify human activities that impact water quality.

(Paragraph 3.4)

– had not assessed the risks of polluted water to health and environment.

(Paragraph 3.5)

– had not adopted the basin level approach for control of pollution.

(Paragraph 3.6)

– had not developed water quality goals, corresponding parameters for each river/lake and failedto enforce these.

(Paragraph 3.7)

As such, overall planning for the control of pollution on part of MoEF and the States falls shortof an ideal situation. This would have repercussions on implementation of programmes for controlof pollution and their outcomes.

Implementation of programmes for control of pollution of rivers, lakes and groundwater

With regard to implementation of programmes for control of pollution of rivers, lakes and groundwater, it was observed that:

– Current programmes for control of pollution of rivers, lakes and ground water were insufficient.

(Paragraph 4.1)

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– Institutional set-up to manage programmes for control of pollution in rivers, lakes and groundwater was inadequate.

(Paragraph 4.2)

– Inclusion of rivers and lakes into National River Conservation Plan and National LakeConservation Plan, respectively, was flawed.

(Paragraph 4.2 & 4.3)

– Performance of projects undertaken under NRCP was unsatisfactory. 82 per cent of the projectswere completed after the scheduled date of completion. 28 projects costing Rs.251.27 crorewere constructed but not utilised as yet. States implementing the projects faced problems in landacquisition, getting requisite permissions, especially forest clearances, technical problems,problems from contractors etc.

(Paragraph 4.4)

– NLCP as a programme has been ineffective in achieving the objective of conservation andrestoration of lakes in India. Only two of the sampled 22 projects had been completed and therest were either continuing beyond the sanction date of completion or had been abandoned.Problems like resistance from locals over proposed construction of STPs etc., dispute over site,inability to arrest sewage flow, non-availability of land etc., have contributed to non- completionof the projects.

(Paragraph 4.5)

Thus, programmes to control pollution of rivers and lakes in India have not had the desired results.

Monitoring of programmes for control of pollution of rivers, lakes and ground water

Inspection and monitoring of projects being implemented under NRCP and NLCP was inadequateat all three levels, i.e., local level, State level and Central level.

(Paragraph 5.1)

There was paucity of network for tracking pollution of rivers, lakes and ground water as therewere inadequate number of monitoring stations, no real- time monitoring of water quality was takingplace and the data on water quality had not been disseminated adequately.

(Paragraph 5.2)

As such, monitoring of programmes was inadequate which points to weak internal controlsexisting at all levels of government.

Results of programmes for control of pollution in India

River cleaning and control of pollution programmes for our polluted rivers are being implementedsince 1985. The programmes seek to address pollution from point and non-point sources throughconstruction of Sewage Treatment Plants, low cost sanitation, electric crematoria etc. However, thedata on the results of these programmes are not very encouraging.

Ganga in certain stretches, Yamuna, Gomti, Godavari, Musi, Cauvery, Cooum, Mahananda,Khan, Kshipra, Vaigai, Chambal, Rani Chu, Mandovi, Sabarmati, Subarnarekha, Bhadra/Tungabhadra,Pennar, Pamba, Betwa, Krishna, Sutlej etc., continue to be plagued by high levels of organic pollution,low level of oxygen availability for aquatic organisms and bacteria, protozoa and viruses which havefaecal-origin and which cause illnesses.

(Paragraph 6.1)

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Most lakes in India are under threat from nutrient overloading which is causing theireutrophication and their eventual choking up from the weeds proliferating in the nutrient-rich water.Implementation of NLCP in conserving these lakes has had no discernible effect.

Pichola, Pushkar, Dimsagar, Banjara, Kotekere, Bellandur, Veli Akkulam, Shivpuri, Powai,Rankala, Twin lakes, Bindusagar, Mansagar, Mansiganga, Rabindra Sarovar, Mink, Kodaikanal lake,Dal lake, Durgabari lake, Laxminarayanbari Lake, Dimsagar Lake etc., have shown poor water quality.However, there have been some success stories like Nainital lake, Kotekere lake, Sharanabasaveshwaralake and Mansagar where water quality has improved after completion of conservation programmes.

(Paragraph 6.2)

Resources and Utilisation of Funds

– Funds available for control and prevention of water pollution and restoration of wholesomenessof water were not adequate.

(Paragraph 7.1)

Published by Environmental Information System (ENVIS), Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, New Delhi-110003and Printed at VIBA Press Pvt. Ltd., C-66/3, Okhla Indl. Area, Phase-II, New Delhi-110020 Tel. : 41611300 Mobile : 9810049515