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Animal Identification Animal Identification and Traceability and Traceability
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Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Aug 23, 2014

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News & Politics

Khalid Shouq

Animal identification and product traceability from the farm to the fork must be progressively implemented worldwide Source: www.oie.int, Reproduced by Dr. Muhammad Rasheed, [email protected]
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Page 1: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Animal Identification and Animal Identification and Traceability Traceability

Page 2: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

A BIT ABOUT ME

• My whole life is working with L&DD (1974-2013):– Veterinary Officer, LPO– PDS Expert, Trainer, Facilitator, Resource Person– National Consultant, Livestock Professional.– Deputy Director, TLMMSA

• What I’ve achieved:– Confidence, Experience, Recognition– Disease Surveillance and Reporting System– Rinderpest Accreditation for Pakistan– Passion and commitment .– Identification for me, paying back to department

Dr. Muhammad Rasheed, [email protected]

Page 3: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

My Thoughts

• Sectors (Livestock and Veterinary Public Health)• Policy Shift “ From Curative to Preventive• Institutionalization of services

• Disease Surveillance, Diagnosis, Reporting and Control• Disease Free Zones / compartments• ISO Certification• Veterinary Public Health• Milk and Meat Safety Agency• National Animal Herd Identification Database (NAHID)

• Punjab Animal Registration and Identification System (PARIS)• National Animal, Agriculture and Plant Health Regulatory

Authority• Punjab Animal Health Regulatory Authority (PAHRA)• Guidelines from OIE

Page 4: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Livestock Sector - Milestones

In Agriculture Sector ContributionLivestock contribute 55.1 % of the Agriculture Sector in national economy.

In GDP Contribution (Livestock)Livestock accounts for 11.5 percent of the total GDP.

2nd Largest

3rd Largest

Herd of LivestockSector of economy

4th Largest

Exports Products

5th Largest

Producer of Milk

1st Largest

Segment of rural economy

Pakistan’s Livestock

Page 5: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Livestock Sector Punjab

• L&DDD• Directorates• Field Formations• Institutes• Service Providers•Development Projects• Livestock Boards• Livestock Companies• Rural Programs• NGOs• Foundations• Dairy Processing Units• Meat Producers• Livestock Exporters• Products Exporters• Livestock Owners

Page 6: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

L&DDD Punjab

6

Mission of L&DDMission of L&DD‘SupportSupport livestock development in a

policy & regulatorypolicy & regulatory environment that

enables farmers to realize the

dividends of livestock farming by

smartlysmartly deploying public investments

in corecore public goods & inducing

private capital / initiative in the sector

for poverty alleviation, food security &

generation of exportable surpluses’

Punjab Vision 2020Punjab Vision 2020“To createcreate enabling environment for

raising livestock production and use

it as a vehiclevehicle for social security,

poverty alleviation and rural

development ultimately leading

towards domestic food securityfood security and

creation of exportable surpluses”.

Shift from Curative to PreventiveShift from Curative to Preventive

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ChallengesChallenges1. Unclear policies and strategies2. Political influences3. Livestock trade obligations4. Certification and accreditations5. OIE listed Diseases6. Transboundry Animal Diseases7. Disease Surveillance and Reporting8. Animal Registration and Identification System9. Disease Free Zone / Compartments10.10.ONE WORLD ONE HEALTHONE WORLD ONE HEALTH

Certainly it needs a SystemCertainly it needs a System

Page 8: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

System to Move Forward

Develop a national level database for

animal identification and record keeping compatible with

NADRA

Register the farmers using their

livestock herds information and

include them in the national database

Issue unique identity numbers

like CNIC numbers and tag the animals

with their identity through ear tags

etc.

Periodic records of animals can be updated in the

database including sale, purchase,

production, diseases, breeding

information etc.

This is off-course not an easy task

Page 9: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

The Model

From Farm to Fork ComplianceFrom Farm to Fork Compliance

Page 10: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

From Farm to Fork

1. Animal identification and traceability are important management tools in animal health, food safety, effectiveness of policies and activities relating to disease prevention and control, animal production food safety, and certification of exports

World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) helps its Member Countries. First addressed the issue of traceability in 1998 in Buenos Aires , Argentina In 2001 the OIE made Scientific and Technical Review to traceability. In 2005 an ad hoc Group of experts was established and, in March 2006, the OIE established a first series of guidelines. Adopted in May 2007 as official OIE standards.

OIEOIE

Page 11: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Definitions

• Registrationis the action by which information on animals (such as identification, animal health, movement, certification, epidemiology, establishments) is collected, recorded, securely stored and made appropriately accessible and able to be utilised by the Competent Authority.

• Animal identificationmeans the combination of the identification and registration of an animal individually, with a unique identifier, or collectively by its epidemiological unit or group, with a unique group identifier.

• Animal identification systemmeans the inclusion and linking of components such as identification of establishments/owners, the person(s) responsible for the animal(s), movements and other records with animal identification.

• Animal traceabilitymeans the ability to follow an animal or group of animals during all stages of its life.

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Key elements • Desired outcomes• Desired outcomes, defined through consultation between the Veterinary Authority and

stake holders in terms ofthe following:

– Animal Health (e.g. disease surveillance and notification; detection and control of disease; vaccination programmes);

– Public Health (e.g. surveillance and control of zoonotic diseases and food safety);

– Management of Emergencies e.g. natural catastrophes or man-made events;

– Trade (support for inspection and certification activities of Veterinary Services, as described under OIE obligations.

– Aspects of Animal Husbandry such as animal performance, and genetic data.

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Performance criteria

• Traceability Performance criteria should be designed in consultation with other stake holder.

• The performance criteria depend on the desired outcomes and scope of the programme.

• They are usually described in quantitative terms according to the epidemiology of the disease. – Some countries consider it necessary to trace

susceptible animals within 24–48 hours when dealing with highly contagious diseases such as FMD and avian influenza.

– For food safety, animal tracing to support investigation of incidents may also be urgent.

– For chronic animal diseases that are not zoonoses, it may be considered appropriate that animals can be traced over a longer period.

Page 14: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Designing Objectives

General provisions• The programme should be designed in consultation with the

stakeholders to facilitate the implementation of the animal identification system and animal traceability.

• It should take into account the scope, performance criteria and desired outcomes as well as the results of any preliminary study.

• All the specified documentation should be standardised as to format, content and context.

• To protect and enhance the integrity of the system, procedures should be incorporated into the design of the programme;

– to prevent, detect and correct errors – to prevent duplication of identification numbers and– to ensure plausibility of data.

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Scope

• Scope should also be defined through consultation between the Veterinary Authority and other stake holders.

• The scope of animal identification systems is often based on the definition of a species and farming systems e.g. poultry in a defined compartment; cattle within a defined FMD free zone.

• Different systems will be appropriate according to the production systems used in countries and the nature of their industries and trade.

Page 16: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Designing • Preliminary studies conduct preliminary studies, which should

take into account:– animal populations, species,

distribution, herd management,– farming and industry structures,

production and location,– animal health,– public health,– trade issues,– aspects of animal husbandry,– zoning and compartmentalisation,– animal movement patterns (including

transhumance),– information management and

communication,

Pilot projects of the preliminary study to test the AITS and to gather information for the design and the implementation..

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Designing Contd…..

– availability of resources (human and financial),– social and cultural aspects,– stakeholder knowledge of the issues and expectations,– gaps between current enabling legislation and what is needed long

term,– international experience,– national experience,– available technology options,– existing identification system(s),– expected benefits from the animal identification

systems and animal traceability and to whom they accrue,– issues pertaining to data ownership and access rights,– reporting requirements.

Economic analysis may consider costs, benefits, funding mechanisms and sustainability

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Means of animal identification

Physical animal or group identifier should consider elements such as the;– durability, human resources, species and age of the animals to be

identified, required period of identification, cultural aspects, animal welfare, technology, compatibility and relevant standards, farming practices, production systems, animal population, climatic conditions, resistance to tampering, trade considerations, cost, and retention and readability of the identification method.

• The Veterinary Authority should approve the materials and equipment chosen as per given standards and specifications.

• The Veterinary Authority is also responsible for ensuring that identifiers are unique and are used in accordance with the requirements of the animal identification system.

Page 19: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Identification tools

1. External tools2. Plastic tags3. Ear tags

4. RFIDsAnimal Identification and traceability system require:

1. A property or holdings register.2. An agreed means of identification.3. Register of identification codes and the initial

operators/farmers to whom they were issued.4. System of recording animal movements and transfer /

disposal of animals

Illustration of tags with bar codes

Page 20: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Movement

When an animal is introduced into or leaves an establishment, these events constitute a movement.

• Every establishments should be registered as part of the animal identification system.

• The information registered should include the– date of the movement, the establishment from which

the animal or group of animals was dispatched, the number of animals moved, the destination establishment, transit, means of transport and the identification of the vehicle/vessel.

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Information system

• According to the scope, performance criteria and desired outcomes. The system should provide for the collection, compilation, storage and retrieval of information on matters relevant to registration. The following considerations are important:

• have the potential for linkage to traceability in the other parts of the food chain;

• minimize duplication;• relevant components, including databases, should be

compatible;• confidentiality of data;• appropriate safeguards to prevent the loss of data,

including a system for backing up the data.• The Veterinary Authority should have access to this information

system as appropriate to meet the scope, performance criteria and desired outcomes.

Page 22: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Legal framework

• The Animal identification, animal traceability should be under the responsibility of the Veterinary Authority.

• This legal framework should address:– desired outcomes and scope;– obligations of the Veterinary Authority and other parties;– organisational arrangements, including the choice of technologies

and methods used for the animal identification system and animal traceability;

– management of animal movement;– confidentiality of data;– data access / accessibility;– checking, verification, inspection and penalties;– where relevant, funding mechanisms;– where relevant, arrangements to support a pilot project.– Penalties

Page 23: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Procedures

• Procedures for animal identification and animal traceability including:– the establishment of birth / age;– when animals are introduced into an establishment;– when an animal loses its identification or – the identifier becomes unusable;– arrangements and rules for the destruction and/or reuse of

identifiers;– penalties for the tampering and/or removal of official animal

identification devices.• Where group identification, documentation for specifying

– the number of animals in the group, the species, the date of identification, the person legally responsible for the animals and/or establishment.

– the group are physically identified with a unique group identifier.

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Implementation

Action plan• An action plan specifying the timetable and including the milestones

and performance indicators, the human and financial resources, and checking, enforcement and verification arrangements.

• The following activities should be addressed in the action plan:– The scope, performance criteria, desired outcomes,

responsibilities, movement and registration requirements and sanctions need to be communicated to all parties.

– It is desirable to implement training programmes to assist the Veterinary Services and other parties.

– Technical support should be provided to address practical problems.

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Checking and verification

• Checking activities should start at the beginning of the implementation to detect, prevent and correct errors and to provide feedback on programme design.

• Verification should begin after a preliminary period in order to determine compliance with the legal framework and operational requirements.

• Auditing should be carried out to detect any problems with the animal identification system and animal traceability and to identify possible improvements.

• Periodic review, taking into account the results of checking, verification and auditing activities.

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Process Flow

Page 27: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Registration to Traceability• Registration:

• Animal Population• Productive Livestock• Livestock Owners• Livestock as Livelihood• Area Profile

• Identification:• Unique Identification• Province, District, UC, Village, animal• Compatible with NADRA

• Data Entry:• Animal Description• Production data• Services data• Movement or disposal data

• Traceability:• Producer to Processor linkages• Processor to Consumer linkages

Illustration of tags with bar codes

Page 28: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Government Controlled

DATA BASE

Monitoring and validation by L&DDD

Qualified VOs & StaffData collection

TraceabilityAt processor

SCIP &L&DDD

Animal Identification and Traceability

Page 29: Animal identification and traceability in pakistan

Nut ShellNut Shell

One World One HealthOne World One Health

ThanksThanks