Animal Farm

Animal Animal FarmFarm

By George OrwellBy George Orwell

“All animals are equal, but some are more equal than others.”

Allegory - Satire - Fable

Today’s goalToday’s goal

To recognize the To recognize the role of propaganda role of propaganda in in Animal Farm Animal Farm

Reminder: Test on Reminder: Test on WednesdayWednesday

Format on website Format on website

Continue and Continue and complete synthesis complete synthesis activity from activity from yesterdayyesterday

Propaganda in Propaganda in Animal Animal Farm Farm

Wartime propagandaWartime propaganda

To the north of Ypres our progress has To the north of Ypres our progress has been continued, especially on our left. been continued, especially on our left. We have taken six quick-firers, two We have taken six quick-firers, two bomb-throwers, and much material; bomb-throwers, and much material; and made several hundred prisoners, and made several hundred prisoners, including several officers.including several officers.

The losses of the enemy were The losses of the enemy were extremely high. At a single point on extremely high. At a single point on the front, in the proximity of the canal the front, in the proximity of the canal we counted more than six hundred we counted more than six hundred German dead.German dead.

On the heights of the Meuse, on the On the heights of the Meuse, on the front Les Eparges-St Remy-Calonne front Les Eparges-St Remy-Calonne trench, we have continued to gain trench, we have continued to gain ground, about one kilometre, and ground, about one kilometre, and have inflicted on the enemy very have inflicted on the enemy very severe losses.”- British newspaper severe losses.”- British newspaper

"In Flanders the British "In Flanders the British yesterday again attempted yesterday again attempted to regain the ground they to regain the ground they had lost. In the afternoon had lost. In the afternoon they attacked from both they attacked from both sides but the attack sides but the attack completely broke down. An completely broke down. An evening attack further east evening attack further east failed, with severe British failed, with severe British losses." – German losses." – German newspaper newspaper

In reality…There were three battles of Ypres. Altogether there were at least 700,000 casualties suffered on both sides.

The power of propagandaThe power of propaganda

Definition: Definition: A form of A form of

communication that is communication that is aimed at influencing aimed at influencing the attitude of a the attitude of a community toward community toward some cause or some cause or positionposition

Generally an appeal Generally an appeal to to emotion, emotion, not not intellect intellect

"All propaganda has to "All propaganda has to be popular and has to be popular and has to adapt its spiritual level adapt its spiritual level to the perception of to the perception of the least intelligent of the least intelligent of those towards whom it those towards whom it intends to direct intends to direct itself." itself."

– – Adolf Hitler, Mein Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf (My Struggle), Kampf (My Struggle), Vol. 1Vol. 1

NN

Nazi Germany PropagandaIdealization of the Aryan race vs.

Demonization of Jews

Examples of techniquesExamples of techniques

Appeal to fearAppeal to fear Appeal to authority Appeal to authority Appeal to prejudiceAppeal to prejudice Bandwagon Bandwagon

Propaganda in Propaganda in Animal FarmAnimal Farm

Old Major’s speechOld Major’s speech The mystery of the milkThe mystery of the milk The apples for the pigs The apples for the pigs The military decorations givenThe military decorations given The debate over the windmillThe debate over the windmill Squealer talking to the animals about Napoleon seizing Squealer talking to the animals about Napoleon seizing

control control Squealer explaining that the windmill was Napoleon’s ideaSquealer explaining that the windmill was Napoleon’s idea The sheep: “Four legs good, two legs bad.” The sheep: “Four legs good, two legs bad.” Blaming Snowball for the ills of the farmBlaming Snowball for the ills of the farm Ending the use of “Beasts of England” Ending the use of “Beasts of England”

AnalysisAnalysis

The instances of The instances of propaganda in this propaganda in this excerpt from excerpt from Animal Farm Animal Farm

Analyze Squealer’s Analyze Squealer’s speech in groups speech in groups

Significance TodaySignificance Today But why – now that Soviet But why – now that Soviet

Communism has fallen and the Communism has fallen and the Cold War is over –does Cold War is over –does Animal Animal FarmFarm deserve our attention? The deserve our attention? The answer lies in the power of answer lies in the power of allegory. Allegorical fables, allegory. Allegorical fables, because they require us to make because they require us to make comparisons and connections, can comparisons and connections, can be meaningful to any reader in be meaningful to any reader in any historical period. The story of any historical period. The story of Animal FarmAnimal Farm will always have will always have lessons to teach us about the lessons to teach us about the ways that people abuse power ways that people abuse power and manipulate others.and manipulate others.

Orwell's chilling story of the Orwell's chilling story of the betrayal of idealism through betrayal of idealism through tyranny and corruption is as fresh tyranny and corruption is as fresh and relevant today as when it was and relevant today as when it was first published in 1945.first published in 1945.

Plot Summary Activity

Jessie & MosesJessie & Moses

JessieJessie The farm's sheepdog, she keeps The farm's sheepdog, she keeps

tabs on the pigs and is among the tabs on the pigs and is among the first to suspect that something is first to suspect that something is wrong at Animal Farm.wrong at Animal Farm.

Moses    Moses     A tame raven and sometimes-pet A tame raven and sometimes-pet

of Jones who tells the animals of Jones who tells the animals stories about a paradise called stories about a paradise called Sugarcandy Mountain.Sugarcandy Mountain.

Moses represents religion. Stalin Moses represents religion. Stalin used religious principles to used religious principles to influence people to work and to influence people to work and to avoid revolt.avoid revolt.

Jessie

Moses

More CharactersMore CharactersPilkington Pilkington

Jones' neighbor, he finds a way to profit from Animal Farm by Jones' neighbor, he finds a way to profit from Animal Farm by forming an alliance with the pigs. forming an alliance with the pigs.

MurielMurielA goat who believes in the rebellion, she watches as Animal Farm A goat who believes in the rebellion, she watches as Animal Farm slips away from its founding principles. slips away from its founding principles.

MollieMollieA vain horse who resists the animal rebellion because she doesn't A vain horse who resists the animal rebellion because she doesn't want to give up the petting and treats she receives from humans. want to give up the petting and treats she receives from humans. Mollie represents vain, selfish people in Russia and throughout the Mollie represents vain, selfish people in Russia and throughout the world who ignored the revolution and sought residence in more world who ignored the revolution and sought residence in more inviting countries.inviting countries.

BenjaminBenjaminThe most cynical of all the animals, the farm's donkey doubts the The most cynical of all the animals, the farm's donkey doubts the leadership of the pigs but is faithfully devoted to Boxer. Benjamin leadership of the pigs but is faithfully devoted to Boxer. Benjamin represents all the skeptical people in Russia and elsewhere who represents all the skeptical people in Russia and elsewhere who weren’t sure revolution would change anything.weren’t sure revolution would change anything.

The SheepThe SheepNot tremendously clever, the sheep remind themselves of the Not tremendously clever, the sheep remind themselves of the principles of animalism by chanting "four legs good, two legs bad." principles of animalism by chanting "four legs good, two legs bad."

The DogsThe DogsNapoleon’s private army that used fear to force the animals to work; Napoleon’s private army that used fear to force the animals to work;

they killed any opponent of Napoleon. The dogs represent Stalin’s they killed any opponent of Napoleon. The dogs represent Stalin’s loyal KGB (secret police). The KGB were not really police, but loyal KGB (secret police). The KGB were not really police, but mercenaries used to force support for Stalin.mercenaries used to force support for Stalin.

Animalism = CommunismAnimalism = Communism AnimalismAnimalism

Taught my Old Taught my Old MajorMajor

No rich, but no poorNo rich, but no poor Better life for Better life for

workersworkers All animals are All animals are

equalequal Everyone owns the Everyone owns the

farmfarm

CommunismCommunism Invented by Karl Invented by Karl

MarxMarx All people are equalAll people are equal Government owns Government owns

everythingeverything People own the People own the

governmentgovernment

Animal Farm Revolution Animal Farm Revolution = Russian Revolution= Russian Revolution

Animal Farm Animal Farm RevolutionRevolution Was supposed to make Was supposed to make

life better for all, but . . .life better for all, but . . . Life was worse at the end.Life was worse at the end. The leaders became the The leaders became the

same as, or worse than same as, or worse than the other farmers the other farmers (humans) they rebelled (humans) they rebelled against.against.

Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution Was supposed to fix Was supposed to fix

the problems created the problems created by the Czar, but . . .by the Czar, but . . .

Life was even worse Life was even worse after the revolution.after the revolution.

Stalin made the Czar Stalin made the Czar look like a nice guy.look like a nice guy.

Padlet task

You will find the Padlet task here The link is also on the class website Padlet task