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ANIMAL AND PLANT CONSERVATION Created by Jarisa Alfi Yuliyanti
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Page 1: ANIMAL AND PLANT CONSERVATION

ANIMAL AND PLANT CONSERVATIONCreated by

Jarisa Alfi Yuliyanti

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ANIMAL’S CONSERVATION

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1. PARADISE

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NATIONAL PARK

Washur National Park

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WASUR NATIONAL PARK Wasur National Park is representative of the wetlands of the most widespread in

Papua / Irian Jaya and a little disturbed by human activity.

Approximately 70 percent of the national park area of savanna vegetation, the other was a swamp forest vegetation, forests season, coastal forests, bamboo forests, grasslands and swamp forests are large enough sago. Plant species that dominate the forest in this national park include fires (Avicennia sp.), Tancang (Bruguiera sp.), Ketapan (Terminalia sp.), And eucalyptus (Melaleuca sp.).

Common species encountered include tree kangaroos (Dendrolagus spadix), musk king (Psittrichus fulgidus), cassowary gelambir (Casuarius casuarius sclateri), virgin crown / Crowned Pigeon (Goura cristata), large yellow paradise (Paradisea apoda novaeguineae), king of paradise ( Cicinnurus regius rex), red paradise (Paradisea rubra), freshwater crocodile (Crocodylus novaeguineae) and saltwater crocodile (C. porosus).

Valuable biodiversity and amazing National Park Wasur, causing this area better known as "Serengiti Papua".

 

Wetlands in this national park is the most productive ecosystems in providing food and protection materials for the life of various types of fish, shrimp and crabs that have high economic value.

Various types of wildlife such as migratory birds, wallabies and cassowaries often come and inhabit the Blue Marsh Lake. Therefore, the Blue Marsh Lake is called "Motherland" because the height of the lives of animals. This location is perfect for observing wildlife attractions that attract and amaze.

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SPECIES OF PARADISE

• Blue Bird• Paradise Crow• Goldie's Bird-of-paradise• Emperor Bird of Paradise• Superb Bird of Paradise• Bird of Paradise• Lesser Bird of Paradise•-wired Bird of Paradise• Red Bird of Paradise• Paradise Panji• Paradise Parotia• Raggiana Bird of Paradise• Bird of Paradise King

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1. BLUE BIRD OF PARADISE

The Blue Bird-of-paradise, Paradisaea rudolphi, is a medium-sized, approximately 30 cm long, black bird-of-paradise with a bluish-white bill, dark brown iris, grey legs, broken white eye-ring and bright blue wings. The male is adorned with violet blue and cinnamon flank plumes and two long ribbon-like tail feathers. The female has a chestnut brown below.

The Blue Bird-of-paradise is endemic to Papua New Guinea. It is distributed to mountain forests of southeastern New Guinea. It is shown on ITIS to be monotypic, but additional subspecies margaritae and ampla have been described.

Blue Bird-of-paradise by Ellis Rowan c. 1917 The male is polygamous and performs a breathtaking courtship

display. But unlike all other Paradisaea species, he performs solitary with attending female nearby. In display, the male hangs from a branch upside down. The black oval with red margin at the centre of his chest is rhythmically enlarged and contracted. His violet blue plumes spread out in a fan, swaying its body back and forth while the central tail feathers form two impressive arches down to either side. Throughout his performance he vocalizes softly in a low but harsh vibrating voice.

Regarded by ornithologists as the loveliest of all birds, the Blue Bird-of-paradise was discovered by Carl Hunstein in 1884. The scientific name commemorates the ill-fated Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria.

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2.PARADISE-CROW

The Paradise-crow, Lycocorax pyrrhopterus, also known as the Silky Crow, is a medium-sized (approximately 34 cm long) crow-like bird of paradise with all-dark, soft and silky plumage. It has a black bill, crimson eyes, and a call reminiscent of a dog's bark. Both sexes are almost similar. The female is slightly smaller than the male.

One of the few monogamous birds of paradise, the Paradise-crow is endemic to lowland forests of the Maluku islands in Indonesia. The diet consists mainly of fruits and arthropods. Three subspecies are recognized, with the nominate subspecies having the least or no white patch on the inner flight feathers.

A common species throughout its habitat range, the Paradise Crow is evaluated as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix II of CITES.

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Paradise-crow

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3. GOLDIE'S BIRD-OF-PARADISE

The Goldie's Bird-of-paradise, Paradisaea decora is a large, approximately 33 cm long, olive-brown bird-of-paradise. The male has a yellow and dark green plumage with a lavender grey breast, yellow iris and grey colored bill, mouth and feet. It is adorned with large crimson ornamental flank plumes and two long tail wires. The male is distinguished from other Paradisaea species by its lavender grey breast plumage. Unadorned female has an olive-brown plumage with cinnamon-brown below.

Endemic to Papua New Guinea, the Goldie's Bird-of-paradise is distributed in the hill forests of Fergusson and Normanby Island of the D'Entrecasteaux Archipelago, eastern Papuan Islands. The diet consists mainly of fruits.

The name commemorates the Scottish collector Andrew Goldie, who discovered the bird in 1882.

Due to ongoing habitat loss, limited range and overhunting in some areas, the Goldie's Bird-of-paradise is evaluated as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix II of CITES.

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Goldie's Bird-of-paradise

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4. EMPEROR BIRD-OF-PARADISE Emperor Bird of Paradise or in the name of science Paradisaea guilielmi is a kind of medium-

sized birds of paradise, with a length of about 33cm, of the genus Paradisaea. This bird is yellow and brown, beaked bluish gray, purplish-brown legs and iris reddish brown.

Adult male birds have a face, the head of the front and shiny green throat. The back of the head, back and wings are yellow, and the lower body is brown. On the side of his chest feathers are white decoration and there are two diekornya long cord is black. Females are smaller, without ornament decorated with feathers, has dark brown head, back and body tawny brown bottom. The young bird has feathers like a bird females.

Emperor Bird of the distribution found in the forests of the lower mountains and hills Huon Jasirah in Papua New Guinea, usually from a height of 670 meters to 1350 meters altitude above sea level.

Emperor Bird of Paradise is a polygamous species. Lure male birds paired with a ritual dance in a group lek. Male body hanging down, opened the exhibit decorative feathers. Emperor Bird of Paradise bird feed consisting of fruits and various insects.

Emperor Bird of Paradise discovered by Carl Hunstein in one of his expeditions on the island of New Guinea in January 1884. This species scientific name commemorates the German emperor, Frederick William Albert Victor.

Based on the forest habitat loss continues, and the populations and areas where birds are found very limited, Emperor Bird of Paradise evaluated as risk almost threatened in the IUCN Red List. Birds are listed in CITES Appendix II.

 

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Emperor Bird-of-paradise

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5. SUPERB BIRD-OF-PARADISE

The Superb Bird-of-paradise, Lophorina superba, is a small, approximately 26 cm long, passerine bird of the Paradisaeidae (Birds of Paradise) family. It is the only member in the genus Lophorina. The male is black with an iridescent green crown, blue-green breast shield and a long velvety black erectile cape covering his back. The female is a reddish-brown bird with brownish barred buff below. The young is similar to the female.

The Superb Bird-of-paradise is distributed throughout rainforests of New Guinea.

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Superb Bird-of-paradise

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6. BIRD OF PARADISE

Bird of Paradise, Paradisaea apoda, a large bird of paradise, about 43 cm long, brown with maroon and yellow crowned. Emerald green throat and blackish brown breast cushion. Male bird feathers decorated with a large pelvic yellow and had a pair of long tail wires. The female bird, brown unlined maroon.

Bird Bird of Paradise is the largest bird of the genus Paradisaea. He scattered lowland forests and hills in the southwestern island of New Guinea and Aru Island, Indonesia. The food consists of fruits, seeds and small insects. A small number of birds was introduced by William Ingram year 1909-1912 on the island of Little Tobago in the Caribbean to save these birds from extinction due to poaching for the fur trade. Population introduction lasted until around the year 1958 and probably now extinct.

Carolus Linnaeus gave the name of Paradisaea apoda, which means "paradise legless", due in early trading in Europe, this bird with no legs prepared by the natives; this led to a misunderstanding that this bird is a visitor from heaven that hovered in the air and never touch the ground until dead.

Because the range commonly found in the habitat, bird Bird of Paradise is evaluated low risk in the IUCN Red List of threatened species. These birds are also listed on CITES Appendix II.

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BIRD OF PARADISE

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7. LESSER BIRD OF PARADISE

Lesser Bird of Paradise or in the name of science is a kind of minor Paradisaea babbler medium-sized bird, with a length of about 32cm, of the genus Paradisaea. This bird is yellow and brown, beaked blue-gray and has a yellow iris. Adult male bird has feathers around the neck shiny emerald green, on the side of the abdomen feathers are long decorative colored yellow base and white on the outside. In the tail there are two strings of black tail. Bird females are smaller than the male bird, has dark brown head, white chest and without feathers decorated with ornaments.BxZ Paradisaea minor 04.jpg

Population of Lesser Bird of Paradise is spread in the forest of Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea. These birds are also found on the island Misool, West Irian Jaya province and the island of Yapen, province of Papua.

Lesser Bird of Paradise is a polygamous species. Attract male bird with a ritual dance of couples who flaunt jewelry feathers. After copulation, the males leave the female bird and started looking for other couples. The female birds incubate and care for baby bird alone. Bird feed Lesser Bird of Paradise consists of fruits and various insects.

This species has a wide distribution area and is often found in the habitat. Lesser Bird of Paradise evaluated as Low Risk in the IUCN Red List and listed in CITES Appendix II.

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LESSER BIRD OF PARADISE

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8. WIRED BIRD OF PARADISE

Wired Bird of Paradise or the scientific name Seleucidis melanoleucus is a kind of babbler medium-sized bird, with a length of about 33cm, from a single genus Seleucidis. Adult male bird has a shiny black feathers, on the side of the belly feathers decorated with yellow and black wire twelve. Long-beaked bird, black pointy with a red iris. Female brown bird, smaller than males and birds without feathers decorated with yellow wire or twelfth on the stomach.

Dead-wired Bird of Paradise is found in lowland forests on the island of New Guinea. Like many other bird species in the tribe of Paradise, Lesser Bird-wired is a polygamous species. Male birds attracted by using the twelve pairs of wire in a ritual dance. After copulation, the males leave the female bird and started looking for other couples. The female birds incubate and care for baby bird alone. Bird seed-wired Bird of Paradise consists of fruits and various insects.

This species has a wide distribution area and is often found in the habitat. Dead-wired Bird of Paradise evaluated as Lower Risk on the IUCN Red List and listed in CITES Appendix II.

 

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Female

Male

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9. RED BIRD OF PARADISE Red Bird of Paradise or the scientific name Paradisaea rubra is a kind of

babbler medium-sized bird, with a length of about 33cm, from the clan Paradisaea. This bird is yellow and brown, and yellow beaked. Adult male bird is about 72cm which includes decorative feathers with blood red white tip on the side of his stomach, face fur a dark emerald green and there are two diekornya long strap-shaped black double spiral. The female birds are smaller than male birds, with dark brown face and did not have feathers decoration.

Indonesian endemic, Red Bird found only in lowland forests on the island and Batanta Waigeo the Raja Ampat regency, West Irian Jaya province.Stavenn Paradisaea rubra 00.jpg

Red Bird is a polygamous species. Attract male bird with a ritual dance of couples who flaunt jewelry feathers. After copulation, the males leave the female bird and started looking for other couples. The female birds incubate and care for baby bird alone. Red Bird bird feed consisting of fruits and various insects.

Based on the forest habitat loss continues, and the populations and areas where birds are found very limited, Red Bird evaluated as risk almost threatened in the IUCN Red List. Birds are listed in CITES Appendix II.

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Red Bird of Paradise

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10. PARADISE PANJI

Paradise Panji or the scientific name Pteridophora alberti is a kind of babbler small bird, with a length of about 22cm, from a single genus Pteridophora. Adult male bird has black hair and dark yellow, there is led by two pieces of wire coat scaly shiny blue-sky, reaching 40cm in length and can be enforced at the time attract females. Fur coat and grew back shaped black hood. Iris dark brown, legs gray brown and black beak with the inside of the mouth of the sea-green. The female bird gray brown with stripes and dark spots. Females are smaller than the male birds and without decorated wire coat or hair ornaments.

Regional distribution of Saxony Bird of Paradise is in the mountainous island of New Guinea jungle. Saxony Bird of Paradise Bird Feed consists of fruits, berries and various insects. AMNH Pteridophora alberti 00a.jpg

Like many other bird species in the tribe of Paradise, Bird of Bannerman is polygamous species. Male birds attract couples using fur coat and the two wires in his head in a ritual dance. After copulation, the males leave the female bird and started looking for other couples. The female birds incubate and care for baby bird alone.

The scientific name commemorates Saxony Bird of Paradise birds of a German king, Albert I of Saxony.

This species has a wide distribution area and are often found in the habitat. Paradise Panji evaluated as low risk in the IUCN Red List and listed in CITES Appendix II.

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Paradise Panji

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11. PARADISE PAROTIA11. PARADISE PAROTIA

Carola berlepschi (Indonesian: Paradise Carola) is a family paradise bird of Paradise. This bird was first discovered in the 19th century. Bird was named after Hans von Berlepsch, a German ornithologis.

In an expedition in December 2005, the researchers rediscovered this species in the Foja Mountains, Papua, Indonesia. Given the limitations of habitat and distribution information, this species may be proposed as separate species.

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12. RAGGIANA BIRD OF PARADISE

Raggiana Bird of Paradise or the scientific name Paradisaea raggiana is a kind of babbler medium-sized bird, with a length of about 34cm, from the genus Paradisaea. This bird is yellow and brown, beaked blue-gray, pink mouth, yellow iris and legs gray purplish brown.

Adult male birds have feathers colorful decorations of red, orange and red color-a mixture of orange on the side of his stomach, throat, dark emerald green, the chest hair dark brown and there are two diekornya long strap is black. The female birds are smaller than the male bird, with a brown face and did not have feathers decoration.

Regional distribution Raggiana Bird of Paradise is in the tropical rain forests, lowland forests, hills and mountains of the southern island of New Guinea, from sea level to a height of 1500 meters. Stavenn Paradisaea raggiana 00.jpg

Raggiana Bird of Paradise is a polygamous species. Attract male bird with a ritual dance of couples who flaunt jewelry feathers. After copulation, the males leave the female bird and started looking for other couples. The female bird is usually incubate two eggs and pink birds own parenting. Raggiana Bird of Paradise bird feed consisting of fruits and various insects.

This species name commemorates a nobleman from Genoa, Italy named Francis Raggi. Raggiana Bird of Paradise is the national animal of Papua New Guinea.

This species has a wide distribution area and are often found on habitat, Raggiana Bird of Paradise evaluated as low risk in the IUCN Red List. Birds are listed in CITES Appendix II.

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Raggiana bird of Paradise

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13. KING BIRD OF PARADISE King Bird of Paradise, Cicinnurus regius, is a family member

babbler bird Paradise (birds of paradise) a body length of about 16cm. Male bird bright crimson and white with bright blue legs dams has feathers like a fan of the color green tip on his shoulders. The two elongated tail end uliran decorated with emerald green feathers. The female bird is brown and striped bottom.

King Bird of Paradise scattered throughout the lowland forest in New Guinea and nearby islands. In English, this bird is called a "living gem" ( "jewel of life ') which is the smallest birds of paradise and colorful. Its main food consists of fruits and artropod.

Male birds will bring the beautiful dances by swinging its tail, flapping his white belly fur that made him look like cotton balls and the pendulum acrobatic.

Because of widespread and commonly found in the habitat, King Bird of Paradise is evaluated low risk in the IUCN Red List and listed in CITES Appendix II.

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King bird of Paradise

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2. TIGER

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NATIONAL PARK

Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park

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BUKIT BARISAN SELATAN NATIONAL PARK

Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park is representative of the Bukit Barisan mountain range consisting of vegetation types of mangrove forest, beach forest, tropical forest until pamah mountains in Sumatra.

Plant species in national parks include Sonneratia (Sonneratia sp.), Palm (Nypa fruticans), sea pine (Casuarina equisetifolia), pandan (Pandanus sp.), Cempaka (Michelia champaka), meranti (Shorea sp.), Mersawa ( Anisoptera curtisii), ramin (Gonystylus bancanus), Keruing (Dipterocarpus sp.), damar (Agathis sp.), rattan (Calamus sp.), and Raflesia flower (Rafflesia arnoldi).

Plants that is characteristic of this national park is a tall corpse flower (Amorphophallus decus-silvae), giant carrion flower (A. titanum) and the giant orchid / cane (Grammatophylum speciosum). Higher rates can reach a tall dead more than 2 meters. Barisan Selatan National Park is the habitat of bears (Helarctos malayanus malayanus), Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis sumatrensis), Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae), Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus), tapirs (Tapirus indicus), ungko (Hylobates agilis) , gibbon (H. syndactylus syndactylus), hoops (Presbytis melalophos fuscamurina), deer (Tragulus kanchil javanicus), and hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata).

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TIGER

Tiger or tigers belong in the animal kingdom phylum kordata (has a spinal cord), sub-phylum vertebrates (vertebrates), class of mammals (warm-blooded, furry with mammary glands), meat eaters (carnivores), the family Felidae (cat), Panthera genus, species tigris (tiger).

Tigers normally hunt large prey such as deer rather sambar, deer, pigs, deer, mouse deer, but will hunt small animals like hedgehogs when a rather large prey were not there.

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PHYSICAL OF TIGER

The tiger is known as the largest cat, the tiger is basically similar to the lion in size, although a bit heavier. Different subspecies of tiger have different characteristics as well, in general male tigers weigh between 180 and 320 kg and females weigh between 120 and 180 kg. The length of males between 2.6 and 3.3 meters, while females between 2.3 and 2.75 meters. Among the living subspecies, Sumatran tigers are the smallest and the Siberian tiger most.

In most tiger stripes varies from brown to black. The shape and density of different lorengnya subspecies of one another, but almost all the tigers have more than 100 stripes. Javan tiger is now extinct may have stripes of even more. A unique pattern of each tiger's stripes, and can be used to distinguish one another, similar to the function used fingerprints to identify people. This is not, however, the recommended method of identification, difficulties related to recording the pattern of stripes on wild tigers. It seems the function of camouflage is to camouflage, to hide them from prey.

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SUBSPECIES OF TIGER

There are nine subspecies of tiger in the genus Panthera. Six of them were still alive today. The three remaining subspecies of tigers have been officially deemed extinct. [edit] Subspecies are still alive

    * Indochina tiger (Panthera tigris corbetti) - located in the rain forest and meadow Malaysia, Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam.     * Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) - located in the rain forests and grasslands of Bangladesh, Bhutan, People's Republic of China, India, and Nepal.     * South China tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis) - who live in rain forests and grasslands central and western China.     * Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) - or also known as the Amur, Ussuri, Northeast China tiger, or Manchurian tiger. Siberian tigers live in rain forests and grasslands of China, North Korea, and Central Asia in Russia.     * The Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) - who live only on Sumatra island.     * Malayan tiger (Panthera tigris jacksoni) - who lived only in Peninsular Malaysia.

Subspecies are already extinct

    * Caspian tiger (Panthera tigris virgata) - an extinct around 1950. This Caspian tiger once roamed the rain forests and grasslands of Afghanistan, Iran, Mongolia, Turkey, central Asia and Russia region.     * Javan tiger (Panthera tigris sondaica) - an extinct around 1972. Javan tiger once roamed the rain forests of Java, Indonesia.     * Bali tiger (Panthera tigris balica) - an extinct around 1937. Bali tiger once roamed the rain forest islands of Bali, Indonesia.

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PLANT CONSERVATION

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1. RAFFLESIA ARNOLDII

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NATIONAL PARK / BOTANICAL GARDEN

Bogor Botanical Garden Bukit Barisan National Park

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BOGOR BOTANICAL GARDEN

Regions with an area of 87 hectares has been established since 1817 on the initiative of Sir Stamford Raffles, a British national who served as governor of Java. The trees in this area hundreds of years old. So not surprisingly, the trees here have a big trunk and reach tens of meters high. In each tree, which contains the label attached to a tree and when trees began to be planted. So, in addition to travel, we can also know the trees that we may not know existed.

A large tree in the Botanic Garden is making the air cool and rich in oxygen. There are more than 17,000 species, including species of rare orchids. The trees are here not only from domestic bersal but many also come from abroad. Which is always interesting to watch is the development of carrion flower (Rafflesia arnoldi). This flower is unique because the large size and when the bloom will remove the stench that was named the dead flowers.

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BUKIT BARISAN SELATAN NATIONAL PARK

Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park is representative of the Bukit Barisan mountain range consisting of vegetation types of mangrove forest, beach forest, tropical forest until pamah mountains in Sumatra.

Plant species in national parks include Sonneratia (Sonneratia sp.), Palm (Nypa fruticans), sea pine (Casuarina equisetifolia), pandan (Pandanus sp.), Cempaka (Michelia champaka), meranti (Shorea sp.), Mersawa ( Anisoptera curtisii), ramin (Gonystylus bancanus), Keruing (Dipterocarpus sp.), damar (Agathis sp.), rattan (Calamus sp.), and Raflesia flower (Rafflesia arnoldi).

Plants that is characteristic of this national park is a tall corpse flower (Amorphophallus decus-silvae), giant carrion flower (A. titanum) and the giant orchid / cane (Grammatophylum speciosum). Higher rates can reach a tall dead more than 2 meters. Barisan Selatan National Park is the habitat of bears (Helarctos malayanus malayanus), Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis sumatrensis), Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae), Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus), tapirs (Tapirus indicus), ungko (Hylobates agilis) , gibbon (H. syndactylus syndactylus), hoops (Presbytis melalophos fuscamurina), deer (Tragulus kanchil javanicus), and hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata).

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RAFFLESIA ARNOLDII Giant Rafflesia (Rafflesia arnoldii) are obligate parasites of plants

known for having very large flowers, even the largest flower in the world. He grew up in vines network (liana) Tetrastigma and do not have leaves that are not able to berfotosintesis. This plant is endemic on the island of Sumatra, especially the southern part (Bengkulu, Jambi and South Sumatra). Kerinci Seblat National Park is the main conservation area of this species. These types, together with members of the genus Rafflesia others, threatened status due to massive deforestation. On the island of Java to grow only one type of parasite patma, Rafflesia patma. Interest is not rooted parasites, leafless, and not stemmed. The diameter of the flower when in full bloom can reach 1 meter with a weight of about 11 kilograms. Flower suck inorganic and organic elements of the host plant Tetrastigma. The only part that could be called a "plant" is a network that grows on vines Tetrastigma. Flowers have five petals that surround the mouth that looks like a barrel. On the basis of such interest is spiked disc, containing the stamens or pistils depending on the sex of flowers, male or female. Animal pollinators are flies attracted by the stench of interest incurred. Interest only was about one week (5-7 days) and then wither and die. Very small percentage of fertilization, because the male flowers and female flowers bloom rarely together in one week, if there are flies that come fertilize.

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2. BLACK ORCHID

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NATIONAL PARK

Gunung Palung National Park

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GUNUNG PALUNG NATIONAL PARK Gunung palung National Park is one of nature

conservation area which has a biodiversity of high-value, and various types of ecosystems including mangrove forests, swamp forests, peat swamp, freshwater swamp forests, tropical pamah forest, and jungle-covered mountains that always fog .

This national park is the only tropical forest area Dipterocarpus the best and largest in Borneo. Approximately 65 percent of the region, is still primary forest is not disturbed by human activities and have many plant communities and wildlife.

Like other areas of West Kalimantan, this area is generally covered by jelutung (Dyera costulata), ramin (Gonystylus bancanus), damar (Agathis borneensis), Pulai (Alstonia scholaris), Rengas (Gluta renghas), ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri), Bruguiera sp ., Lumnitzera sp., Rhizophora sp., Sonneratia sp., the strangler fig, and medicinal plants.

Unique plants belonging to this national park is the black orchid (Coelogyne pandurata), which is easily seen in the River Matan especially in February-April. The appeal of black orchid flowers appear on the form marked with green color combination with black spots on the center of the flower, and bloom time between 5-6 days.

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BLACK ORCHID

Black orchid (Coelogyne pandurata) are the only species of orchids grow on the island of Borneo. Black orchid flora is the mascot for the East Kalimantan province. Today, black orchid native habitat has decreased a significant amount due to the reduced area of forest in Kalimantan, but can still be found in the nature reserve Luway grit in very small amounts. It is estimated that higher numbers are in the hands of collectors of orchids.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF BLACK ORCHID

Named after the black orchid because it has a tongue orchids (labellum) is black with a few lines of green and hairy. Petal Sepal and light green color. The flowers are quite fragrant and unusual fragrance bloom in March until June.

Black orchid orchid groups included in the form simpodial with swollen bulb at the bottom and leaves stuck in it. Each bulb has only two leaves only. The leaves themselves briefly like palm leaves on the shoot

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