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AEROSPACE FLYWHEEL DEVELOPMENT Presented By: HARSHAL AHIRE B.E(MECH.) Guided By: Prof. R.O.SHAIKH
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Page 1: Aerospace Flywheel Development

AEROSPACE FLYWHEEL DEVELOPMENT

Presented By: HARSHAL AHIRE B.E(MECH.) Guided By: Prof. R.O.SHAIKH

Page 2: Aerospace Flywheel Development

INTRODUCTION

Presently, energy storage on the Space Station and satellites is accomplished using chemical batteries; most commonly nickel hydrogen or nickel cadmium. A flywheel energy storage system is an alternative technology that is being considered for future space missions.

Several advanced technologies must be demonstrated for the flywheel energy storage system to be a viable option for future space missions. These include high strength composite materials, highly efficient high speed motor operation and control, and magnetic bearing levitation

Page 3: Aerospace Flywheel Development

COMPONENTS OF FLYWHEEL SYSTEM

The main components of the flywheel energy storage system are as follow

composite rotor motor/generator magnetic bearings touchdown bearings vacuum housing.

Page 4: Aerospace Flywheel Development

FLYWHEEL CONTROL

There are three modes of operation for the flywheel in a spacecraft power system.

1) Charge 2) Charge reduction

3) Discharge

Page 5: Aerospace Flywheel Development

In charge mode, the solar array produces enough current to charge the flywheel at its set point and to provide the required load current. The solar array electronics regulate the DC bus voltage during charge mode.

In charge reduction mode, the solar array continues to provide load current but it can not provide enough current to charge the flywheel at its set point. When this occurs, the DC bus voltage regulation function is transferred to the flywheel system.

In discharge mode, the flywheel system provides the entire load current and regulates the DC bus voltage.

Page 6: Aerospace Flywheel Development

FLYWHEEL ENERGY STORAGE (FES)

The rotors normally operate at 4000 RPM or less and are made of metal. Advanced flywheel are made of high strength carbon-composite filaments that spin at speeds from 20,000-100,000 RPM in a vacuum enclosure.

Page 7: Aerospace Flywheel Development

Magnetic bearings are necessary as speeds increase to reduce the friction present when using conventional mechanical bearings. Quick charging is done in less than 15 minutes. Long lifetimes of most flywheels, plus high energy densities (~ 130 Wh/kg) and large maximum power outputs are positive attributes.

The energy efficiency (ratio of energy out per energy in) of flywheels can be as high as 90%. Since FES can store and release power quickly, they have found a niche providing pulsed power.

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ADVANTAGES

Flywheels are not affected by temperature changes as are chemical batteries, nor do they suffer from memory effect.

They are not as limited in the amount of energy they can hold.

They are also less potentially damaging to the environment, being made of largely inert or benign materials.

Another advantage of flywheels is that by a simple measurement of the rotation speed it is possible to know the exact amount of energy stored.

Page 9: Aerospace Flywheel Development

AEROSPACE FLYWHEEL CHALLANGES

The factor preventing the application of flywheels in aerospace.

Loss in Bearings

Weight of flywheel

the cost of flywheel rotor

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CONCLUSION

This paper has presented a new technique for energy storage in aerospace to replaced the conventional batteries.

A future application of flywheel technology is to use flywheels to combine the energy storage and the attitude control functions on a spacecraft. A minimum of four flywheels would be needed to provide three axes of attitude control plus power during eclipse

Page 11: Aerospace Flywheel Development

REFERENCES

Anand, D.K., Kirk, J.A., and Bangham, M.L., “Simulation,Design, and Construction of a flywheel Magnetic Bearing”, ASME paper 86-DET-41, 1986.

Kirk, J. A., Studer, P. A. and Evans, H. E., "Mechanical Capacitor", NASA TND-8185, March 1976.

SEMINAR TOPIC FROM :: www.edufive.com/seminartopics.html Kirk, J. A., " flywheel Energy Storage Part I - Basic Concepts",

Int. J. of Mech. Science, Vol. 19, No. 4, 1977, pp. 223-231. Kirk, J. A. and Anand, D. K., "Satellite Power Using a

Magnetically Suspended flywheel Stack", Journal of Space Power, Vol. 22, Issue 3&4, March/April 1988

www.wikepedia.com www.gleinreserch.com 

Page 12: Aerospace Flywheel Development