8 oncologic research

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

HUMAN MEDICIN FACULTY

Pedro Ruiz Gallo

SUBJECT: MEDICAL ENGLISH

PROFESSOR: Rosa Gonzáles Llontop

ONCOLOGY

TEAM 8:Burga Cueva Jonatan

Cabanillas Ventura JorgeChapoñán Bances Cristhian

Torres Tafur KarinaZulueta Santacruz JaroslavZúñiga Callacna Gustavo

ONCOLOGY

Branch of science that deals with tumours and cancers

“ONCO” “-LOGY”

mass, or tumor study

Literally means

CANCERBegins

When cells in a part of the body start to grow out of control

There are many kinds of cancer, but they all start because of abnormal cells which GROW OUT OF

CONTROL.

Role of an oncologist

«Cancer specialists» Called:

Oncologists have several specific roles

Diagnosis of the cancer

Staging the cancer

Grading the aggressive nature of the cancer

Treatment of cancer may involve other specialists as:

Surgeons

Radiation oncologists

Radiotherapist however, The cancer therapy is coordinated by the oncologists

NEW METHODS OF CANCER DETECTION

Recent research for cancer are based on early detection

People usually start treatment when there are physical symptoms of disease

COMMONLY in BREAST CANCER, it’s been used a new mammography to detect tumors.

GAMMA RAY DETECTORS.

It has higher resolution machine, specifically dedicated to detecting breast cancer at early

stages and its assessment in later

But now we have

A team of British researchers has developed a SYSTEM TO DIAGNOSE TUMORS UP TO FIVE YEARS,before it is detected with conventional methods

The system is based on how the immune system responds in the early stages of tumor

development

METHOD: Analyzing only 10 milliliters of blood, the cancer is detected.

Surgeons who operate strive cancer kill cancer cells preserve as much healthy tissue as they can

Unfortunately, cancer cells are notoriously difficult to identify with the eyes

A group of the National Cancer Institute, has developed a FLUORESCENT SPRAY CAN HIGHLIGHT CANCER CELLS

But now

CANCER TREATMENTS

Surgery

In cases where the cancer is detected at an early stage, surgery may be ENOUGH TO CURE the patient by removing all cancer cells.

Radiation

Chemotherapy

The radiation to kill cancer cells directly by damaging them with high energy beams.

Chemotherapy drugs work by damaging cancer cells keep dividing and preventing their reproduction.

Antibodies

These antibodies can work through several different mechanisms, either depriving cancer cells of necessary signals or the direct death.

Specific inhibitors

They work by targeting specific proteins and processes that are almost always limited to cancer cells.

Inhibition of these processes prevents growth and division of cancerous cells.

For their specificity, the antibodies can be considered a type of specific inhibitors.

Vaccines

The purpose of cancer vaccines is to stimulate our body's defenses.

Biological Response Modifiers

These treatments use normal proteins that occur naturally in our bodies to stimulate own defenses against cancer.

In administering these proteins, treatment focuses on increasing the immune response of our bodies against cancer cells.

NANOTECHNOLOGY AGAINST TUMORS

new perspectives in cancer treatment

NANOTECHNOLOGY AGAINST TUMORS

In treating cancer with nanotechnology

could detect early tumors or destroy

cancer cells.

NANOTECHNOLOGY AGAINST TUMORS

PHOTOLUMINESCENT NANOPARTICLES

They help to recognize between cancerous cells and healthy cells Cell fluorescence microscopy loaded

nanoparticles.

NANOTECHNOLOGY AGAINST TUMORS

NANODEVICES

• They can produce a specific anticancer drug, particularly in deep tumors of the body.

WHAT IS METASTA

SIS?It is the spread

of a disease from one organ

to another NON-AFFECTED organ

Some cancer cells penetrate and infiltrate

normal tissues

What is metastasi

s?EXAMPLE

colon cancer has a tendency to metastasize

to the liver.

EXAMPLEStomach cancer

often metastasize to the ovary in

women, then called a Krukenberg tumor

metastasis and

primary cancer

BIOPSY can investigate the subpopulation of

cancer cells, except subpopulation with

metastatic potential.

THANK YOU!