76031741 Directional Drilling

Basics of Directional DrillingPresented by :

Shoaib Farooqui

Date 28/05/09

© 2006 Weatherford. All rights reserved.1

RULES OF THE HOUSE

• This is a knowledge sharing session

• No Cell Phones during the presentation – turn them off or

put them on SILENT mode

• All questions will be entertained after the end of each

module

• Break Timings should be followed

• Discipline – Responsiveness is the key today

• UNLEARN to LEARN more

• In case of any emergency don’t panic

• Enjoy Learning !


Content

• Application of Directional Drilling

• Petroleum Geology for Non-Geologists

• Well bore Positioning

• Introduction to Motors

• Steering the Well

• BHA Design, Weight and Forces

• Torque and Drag Consideration

• Stabilizer Consideration

• Conclusion


Applications of Directional Drilling


Definition of Directional Drilling

• Directional Drilling

– is the science of direction a Well Bore along a

predetermined Trajectory to intersect the designated

Sub-Surface Targets


First Directional Well in California


















Re-Entry Versus New Wells


Why Horizontal Wells?






Horizontal Well Profiles


Horizontal Wells Profiles








Petroleum Geology for Non-Geologist


Petroleum Geology


Petroleum Geology


Petroleum Geology


Petroleum Geology


Petroleum Geology


Petroleum Geology


Petroleum Geology


Well Bore Positioning


Reference System and Coordinates


Well Bore Depth


Depth Reference Points-Land and Offshore Rigs


Inclination


Azimuth – Hole Direction


North Reference


Magnetic Basics


Magnetic Basics


Magnetic Basics


Mapping the World


Mapping the World


Coordinate System


Coordinate System


Coordinate System


Coordinate System


Mapping – Projection Systems










UTM Zones


UTM Coordinates


UTM Coordinates


Introduction to Motors



Conventional Circulation System


Motors


Motors


Motors


Motors


Motors


UNDERSTANDING ROTAR / STATOR

COMBINATION

1/2

5/6 7/8

3/42/3

9/10

The greater the number of lobes, the higher the

motor torque and the lower the output RPM.

The power section is often called the motor

section.


Positive Displacement Motors


Steering the Well


Steering the Well


Steering the Well


Steering the Well


BHA - Components


Drill Bits

• DRILL BITS

The process of drilling a hole in the

ground requires the use of drilling

bits.

• Types of Drill Bits

• Roller cone bits

Steel tooth

Tungsten carbide inserts (TCI)

• PDC or Polycrystalline Diamond Compact

• Natural or Synthetic Diamond (TSP)


Stabilizers

• STABILIZERS

The placement and gauge of stabilizers are used as the fundamental method of controlling the directional behavior of most BHA.

Stabilizers help concentrate the weight of the BHA on he drill bit.

Ream out doglegs and key seats.

They minimize bending and vibrations which cause tool joint wear and damage to BHA components such as MWD tools.


Drill Pipes

• DRILL PIPES

• Support the weight of

Drillstring

• Transfer the torque to the bit.

• Conduit for drilling mud


Drill Collars

• DRILL COLLARS

• May be flush or spiral type.

• Spiral type provides less area

of contact

• Provide WOB

• Provide rigidity to the

drillstring.


Heavy Weight Drill Pipes

• HWDP (Heavy Weight Drill Pipes)

• Provide WOB with Flexibility

• Less rigid & have less weight than DC

• Less wall contact to reduce friction

• Provides high rpm drilling with reduced torque


Drilling Jars

• JARS

• Provide impact after sticking

• Notes on drilling jar

• Use the largest possible jar in the

B.H.A (will give the biggest impact).

• Don’t place any stabilizers above the

drilling

• Have the same diameter tubular

above and below the jar

• Have at least two drill collars or two

stands of HWDP above the jar to act

as anvil.

• Don’t place the jar at or near to the

neutral point.


BHA - Weight and Forces


Weight on Bit


Weight on Bit


Weight on Bit


Weight on Bit


Weight on Bit


BHA Design Consideration


Torque and Drag Forces














Torque and Drag Consideration








Stabilizer Consideration




Types of Directional well profiles


The Fulcrum Principle

• The principle involves using a lever and a pivot point to gain mechanical

advantage


Fulcrum Principle

• A stabilizer inserted in the drill string just above the bit acts as the pivot

• The drill collar above the stabilizer acts as the lever

• Applied weight causes the bottom collar to bow

• Pushes the bit hard against the top of the hole creating a tendency to build inclination



There are three basic principles

• FULCRUM principle use to BUILD Angle

• STABILIZATION principle use to HOLD Angle

• PENDULUM principle use to DROP Angle


Stabilization Principle & Packed (Hold) Assembly


Pendulum Principle & Dropping Assemblies


Conclusion

102PCPTP 101: HISTORY, FEATURES & BENEFITS v2 © 2005 Weatherford. All rights reserved.

Directional Drilling is an ART or SCIENCE ??

© 2006 Weatherford. All rights reserved.103103PCPTP 101: HISTORY, FEATURES & BENEFITS v2 © 2005 Weatherford. All rights reserved.

Thank You !

Q & A

76031741 Directional Drilling

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