55165970 6-sigma-ppt

PRESENTATION BYSOVITHASAFEECA

RAJESHWARISHOBANAKARTHIKA

SIX SIGMA

What is six sigma?

•Sigma is a measure of “goodness: the capability of a process to produce perfect work.

• A “defect” is any mistake that results in customer dissatisfaction.

• Sigma indicates how often defects are likely to occur.

• The higher the sigma level, the lower the defect rate.

• The lower the defect rate, the higher the quality.

Why six sigma?

• Sigma allows comparison of products and services of varying complexity

• Also, it provides a common basis for benchmarking (competitors and non-competitors).

• The higher the sigma level, the better your operation is performing.

• Sigma measures how well you’re doing in getting to zero defects.

Possible applications

•Human Resources: reduce the number of requisitionsunfilled after 30 days.

•Customer Service: measure the number of calls answered on the first ring.

•Order Fulfillment: eliminate Customer returns because ofincorrect parts or product being shipped.

•Finance: reduce the instances of accounts being paidafter a specified time limit has elapsed.

DMAIC

it is an approach undertaken to improve existing business processSix sigma acronym of 5 interconnected phases of a process improvement project.following are the phases:

Process

1.Define high-level project goals and the current process.

2.Measure key aspects of the current process and collect relevant data.

3.Analyze the data to verify cause-and-effect relationships. Determine what the relationships are, and attempt to ensure that all factors have been considered.

4.Improve or optimize the process based upon data analysis using various tools

5.Control to ensure that any deviations from target are corrected before they result in defects.

DMADV APPROACH

This approach is undertaken when there is a need to create new design or product:

5 steps in DMADV approach-

Define

Measure

Analyze

Design details

Verification

DMADV

Define design goals that are consistent with customer demands and the enterprise strategy.

Measure and identify CTQs (characteristics that are Critical To Quality), product capabilities, production process capability, and risks. Analyze to develop and design alternatives, create a high-level design and evaluate design capability to select the best design.

Design details, optimize the design, and plan for design verification. This phase may require simulations.

Verify the design, set up pilot runs, implement the production process and hand it over to the process owners. DMADV is also known as DFSS, an abbreviation of "Design For Six Sigma".

DMAIC.

1.Defines a business process

2.Measuring current process

3.Identify root cause of the recurring problem

4.Improvements made to reduce defects

5. Keep check on future performance

1.Define customer needs

2.Measure customer needs & specifications

3.Analyze options to meet customer satisfaction

4.Model is designed to meet customer needs

5.Model put through simulation tests for verification

DMADV

V/S

The six sigma organization.

The six sigma team has five levels of hierarchy

What is a BELT?

Belt refers to the level or the position, of a person in an organization at the time of performing a work or at the time of implementation of a project.

There are four “Belt” levels :-

1.Champion 2.Master black belt(MBB)3.Black belt(BB)4.Green belt(GB)5.Yellow belt(YB)

Champion

•Lay down policies and guidelines regarding functioning of six sigma teams•Approves six sigma projects•Removes road blocks in the path of six sigma implementation•Receives presentations•Monitors project•Make available necessary resources•Sort out conflicts

Master black belts

The highest level of Six Sigma expertise;

All duties involve implementation of Six Sigma, including statistical analysis, strategic and policy planning and implementation, and training and mentoring of Black Belts.

Black belts

a Six Sigma-trained professional who has usually completed an examination and been certified in its methods;

all job duties include implementation of Six Sigma methodology throughout all levels of the business,

leading teams and projects, and providing Six Sigma training and mentoring to Green and Yellow Belts.

Green belt

In many organizations, Six Sigma's "entry level";

a Six Sigma-trained professional who does not work on Six Sigma projects exclusively, but whose duties include leading projects and teams and implementing Six Sigma methodology at the project level

Yellow belt

The lowest level of Six Sigma expertise;

applies to a professional who has a basic working knowledge and who may manage smaller process improvement projects,

but who does not function as a project or team leader.

How six sigma can reduce defects?

•By reducing the value of variation (standard deviation).

•Increasing the design width.

Example : Dabbawalas

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