4K UHD: LATEST DEVELOPMENTS4k.telesputnik.ru/presentations/Chabrol_Eutelsat.pdf · EBU Technical Report (TR 037) on Video System Requirements for UHDTV and an advanced 1080p Television

4K UHD: LATEST DEVELOPMENTSDigital TV & Video in Russia . 4k

Moscow – 13th October 2016

Michel Chabrol, SVP New TV Formats

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EUTELSAT, A KEY PLAYER IN THE SPACE BUSINESS

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Pioneer in space

over30years of experience

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Solid investment programme

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A DIGITAL ENTREPRENEUR

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Revenues €1.53 billion

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A FLEXIBLE, WORLD-LEADING GLOBAL FLEET

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Paris, Group HQ

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Main definitions and parameters :

Defined by ITU Recommendation : ITU-R BT.2020 (published in Oct. 2015)

With respect to High Definition (HD):

More pixels: Spatial Resolution (3840 x 2160 pixels – UHDTV1 / 7680 x 4320 – UHDTV2)

More images/frames per second: Temporal Resolution (from 24/25 to 50, 60, 100, 120 fps)

More colours: Colour Gamut

More bits per pixel: Bit Depth

Immersive audio

More recently: High(er) Dynamic Range (HDR)

More details in the « dark and in the highlights »

Several standards were / are proposed

Penetration:

Very high progression of UHD TV sales

Awareness

Live and stock productions, channels

ULTRA HD IN A NUTSHELL

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UHDTV2 (8k TV) or Super Hi-Vision (7680 x 4320 p) = 33.2 Mpixels

UHDTV1 (4k TV) & Quad HD

(3840 x 2160 p) = 8.3 Mpixels

4k C

inem

a (

4096 x

2160)

HD 1080i or p

(1920 x 1080) = 2.1 Mpixels

2k C

inem

a(2

048 x

1080)

SD 576i (720 x 576)

HD 720p (1280 x 720)

18/10/2016

ULTRA HDTV IN A NUTSHELL (3)

4k TV : 3840 pixels / line

4k cinema: 4096 pixels / line

2160 lines

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Definition(s):

High Dynamic Range (HDR) is a technique used to reproduce a greater dynamic range of luminositythan is possible with standard digital imaging techniques

A range of luminance as close as possible to the visual system, familiar in everyday life

Element to remember: the unit used to calibrate luminance

Candela/m2

Or: nits

Some orders of magnitude:

Cinema: around 48 nits (but in a dark hall!)

SDR TV sets: around 300 nits

New consumer HDR TV sets: 500 to 900 / 1000 nits (with 10 bits)

Professional HDR monitors: up to 2500 nits, or more (with 10 bits)

HIGH DYNAMIC RANGE

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Main standards / solutions

Dolby Vision

HLG (Hybrid Log Gamma) from NHK / BBC R&D

HDR-10 from the Blu-ray Disc Association (BDA)

Technicolor / Philips

Important point:

A minimum of 10 bits (bit depth) is required to minimize the visibility of quantization artefacts – (10 bits means : (1024)^3 = 1 billion colours)

HIGH DYNAMIC RANGE

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Practical examples:

Source: http://www.avsforum.com/forum/40-oled-technology-flat-panels-general/1972841-high-dynamic-range-displays-nab-2015-a.html

HIGH DYNAMIC RANGE

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UHD Alliance:

Launched just before CES 2015 (January 2015)

Main members: 20th Century Fox, Disney, Warner Bros., DirecTV, Netflix, Dolby Vision, LG, Panasonic, Samsung, Sharp, Sony, Technicolor, …

Ultra HD Forum:

Launched in Q1 2015

Main members (Founding, Charter, Contributors, Associates): Dolby, Ericsson, Harmonic, LG, Neulion, Sony, Broadcom, DirecTV, dts, Fraunhofer, NABLabs, PBS, Akamai, AMD, Arris, CableLabs, DTG, Envivio, Fox, Nagra Kudelski, Marvell, Sigma Designs, Sky, ST, TPVision, VanguardVideo, Verimatrix, ViXs,…

This Forum is mainly focused on the interoperability of equipment

WORLDWIDE ULTRA HD ASSOCIATIONS

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Ultra HD Alliance: just before CES 2016 launched UltraHD Premium™ certification and logos:Applicable to contents and products (TV sets, Blu-ray)

2160p (3840 x 2160) pixels

Minimum: 10-bit colour depth (1 billion colours)

Compatibility with Rec. BT 2020:

• 90% of DCI-P3 (Digital Cinema) for TV sets

• 100% of DCI-P3 for masters

High Dynamic Range: standard SMPTE ST2024EOTF, with two dynamic ranges for TV

• From 540 nits (cd/m2) to 0.0005 nits (applicable to OLED TV sets)

• From 1000 nits to 0.05 nits (applicable to LED, LCD)

• Also recommended: from 1000 nits to 0.03 nits for the masters

Ultra HD Forum: has published ‘Industry guidelines for UHD’ (April 2016)

IN 2016

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EBU Technical Report (TR 037) on Video System Requirements for UHDTV and an advanced 1080p Television Format (June 2016):

Proposes Advanced HD 1 and 2: HDR applicable to HD, with up to 60 fps, or 120 fps

ITU Recommendation BT.2100 (July 2016):

Image parameter values for HDR TV for use in production and international programme exchange

Recommends for programme production and international exchange :

PQ – Perceptual Quantization (SMPTE ST 2084)

HLG – Hybrid Log Gamma, which offers a degree of compatibility with legacy displays

Note : HDR-10 for Blu-ray uses ITU-R BT.2020, PQ (SMPTE ST 2084) and 10 bits

IN 2016 (2)

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More Ultra HD channels

Proactive support to Ultra HD channels, productions, projects …

Key live retransmissions in Ultra HD

EUTELSAT UHD ACTIVITIES

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ULTRA HD CHANNELS VIA EUTELSAT CAPACITY

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7° East13° East (HOT BIRD)

36° East(Tricolor)

7/8 ° West5° West

New: launched at IBC 2016 …

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Promotion of UHD channels by Eutelsat

Through trailers in demonstration channels (HOTBIRD 4K1, Fransat UHD, 4K Africa)

At trade fairs and media events

Technical and operational support for the broadcaster:

Promotional trailers encoded off-line (HEVC.ts) by a partner laboratory and inserted in demonstration channels – servers at Eutelsat teleport

Activation of UHD channel with content encoded off-line (HEVC.ts) – server location: broadcaster or Eutelsat teleport

Live HEVC encoding at broadcaster, Eutelsat teleport or a third party facility

SUPPORT PROVIDED TO UHD CHANNELS

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2 Apr. 2016

LIVE BROADCASTING (SOME EXAMPLES)

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Ballet ‘Le Corsaire’ with ARTE

8th Dec. 2015

Opening of the Holy Door

EURO 2016 (soccer) : Retransmission, via Hot Bird (13° E), of 7 matches in 4k UHD for RAI (via Tivùsat bouquet, with encryption)

Live HEVC encoding in a Eutelsat teleport

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LIVE DTH RETRANSMISSIONS WITH RE-ENCODING

Stadium

Opera

Concert Hall

…

Contribution satellite

Live Ultra HD retransmissions in DTH with HEVC re-encoding

(Current frame rate : 50/ 60 fps)

TV Studios

CONTRIBUTION

Now:

Quad HD MPEG-44:2:2 – 10 bits40, …, 90 Mbit/s

Very soon :

HEVC4:2:2 – 10 bits30, 40 … Mbit/s

Direct To Home (DTH)

After re-encoding in the TV studios or the

teleport :

HEVC4:2:0 – 8 or 10 bits13 to 20 … Mbit/s

Teleport

Quad HD

Or

HEVC encoding

Re-encoding to / in HEVC

for DTH

(with pay-TV encryption)

DTH satellite

BISS

encryption

Pay-TV

encryption

BISS

encryption

Pay-TV

encryption

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LIVE DTH RETRANSMISSIONS WITHOUT RE-ENCODING

Stadium

Opera

Concert Hall

…

Satellite Contribution

Live Ultra HD retransmission in DTH without HEVC re-encoding

(Current frame rate : 50/ 60 fps)

TV Studios

CONTRIBUTION

Already possible: DTH format

HEVC4:2:0 – 8 or 10 bits

13, …, 30 Mbit/s

Direct To Home (DTH)

After retransmissionwithout re-encoding:

HEVC4:2:0 – 8 or 10 bits

13, …, 30 Mbit/s

Teleport

HEVC encoding

Retransmission without HEVC

re-encoding

(but with pay-TV encryption)

DTH satellite

BISS

encryption

Pay-TV

encryption

BISS

encryption

Pay-TV

encryption

APPENDIX

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EBU proposed in June 2016 two HD profiles with ‘more colours’ and High(er) Dynamic Range (HDR), plus high frame rate for one of them.

Argument: Wide Colour Gamut and HDR give a much bigger ‘wow’ factor which is a step to 4k resolution (only)

ADVANCED HD 1080P AND UHD?

IMAGE FORMATRESOLUTION

(PIXELS)FRAME RATE

(FPS)

HIGHER DYNAMIC

RANGE BIT DEPTH COLORIMETRY

1080p Advanced 1 1920 x 1080 24, 25, 50, 60Based on PQ10,

HLG10 (*)10, 12 ITU-R BT 2020

1080p Advanced 2 1920 x 1080[24, 25, 50, 60] +

100, 120Based on PQ10,

HLG1010, 12 ITU-R BT 2020

UHD 1 Phase 2 3840 x 2160 24, 25, 50, 60ITU-R BT 2020 (PQ10, HLG10)

10, 12 ITU-R BT 2020

UHD 1 Phase 2 3840 x 2160[24, 25, 50, 60] +

100, 120ITU-R BT 2020 (PQ10, HLG10)

10, 12 ITU-R BT 2020

(*) PQ = Perceptual Quantization - HLG = Hybrid Log Gamma

As satellite is compatible with all these formats, or profiles, Eutelsat is neutral vis-à-vis the implementation of 1080p Advanced 1 and 2.

THANK YOU