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International Counseling and Education Conference 3 - 5 May 2012 İstanbul Technical University Taşkışla Campus - İstanbul, Turkey www.ice-c.net ICEC 2012 ABSTRACT BOOK
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Page 1: 3 - 5 May 2012 İstanbul Technical University Taşkışla Campus - İstanbul…akademikpersonel.kocaeli.edu.tr/ekaragun/bildiri/... ·  · 2012-09-02İstanbul Technical University

International Counseling and Education Conference

3 - 5 May 2012 İstanbul Technical University

Taşkışla Campus - İstanbul, Turkey

www.ice-c.net

ICEC 2012

ABSTRACT BOOK

Page 2: 3 - 5 May 2012 İstanbul Technical University Taşkışla Campus - İstanbul…akademikpersonel.kocaeli.edu.tr/ekaragun/bildiri/... ·  · 2012-09-02İstanbul Technical University

INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

ABSTRACTS BOOK

Page 3: 3 - 5 May 2012 İstanbul Technical University Taşkışla Campus - İstanbul…akademikpersonel.kocaeli.edu.tr/ekaragun/bildiri/... ·  · 2012-09-02İstanbul Technical University

INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

Prepared by

Serhat ARSLAN

Recep UYSAL

Aydın KİPER

Süleyman DEMİR

Executive Board

Prof. Dr. Ramazan ABACI

Prof. Dr. Mustafa BALOGLU

Associate Prof. Dr. Ahmet AKIN

Conference Secretariat

Assist. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Ali Hamedoğlu- Sakarya University

Inst. Aydın KİPER - Sakarya University

Res. Ass. Serhat ARSLAN -Sakarya University

Ins. Selcuk Sırrı TERCAN - Sakarya University

Res. Ass. Onur İŞBULAN -Sakarya University

Recep UYSAL -Sakarya University

Eyüp ÇELİK -Sakarya University

Hakan SARIÇAM- Kilis 7 Aralik University

Süleyman DEMİR - Sakarya University

Academic Advisory Board

Dr. A. Rezan ÇEÇEN EROĞUL-Mugla University, Turkey

Dr. Abbas TÜRNÜKLÜ-Dokuz Eylül University, Turkey

Dr. Adnan KAN -Gazi University, Turkey

Dr. Adnan KULAKSIZOĞLU-Fatih University, Turkey

Dr. Ahmet ŞİMŞEK-Sakarya University, Turkey

Dr. Ahmet ŞİRİN-Marmara University, Turkey

Dr. Alim KAYA-İnönü University, Turkey

Dr. Angela DUCKWORTH-Unversity Of Pennsylvania, USA

Dr. Arzu Özen-Anadolu University, Turkey

Dr. Asım ÇİVİTÇİ-Pamukkale University, Turkey

Dr. Atilla CAVKAYTAR-Anadolu University, Turkey

Dr. Aydoğan Aykut CEYHAN-Anadolu University, Turkey

Dr. Ayhan DEMİR-Middle East Tech. University , Turkey

Dr. Ayşe Esra ARSLAN-Marmara University, Turkey

Dr. Barbara PLAKE-University Of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA

Dr. Bayram ÇETİN-Gaziantep University, Turkey

Dr. Burhanettin DÖNMEZ-İnönü University, Turkey

Dr. Coşkun ARSLAN-Konya University, Turkey

Dr. David CONROY-The Pennsylvania State University, USA

Dr. Deniz ALBAYRAK KAYMAK-Boğaziçi University, Turkey

Dr. Elif Tekin İFTAR-Anadolu University, Turkey

Dr. Enver SARI-Giresun University, Turkey

Dr. Erdal HAMARTA-Konya University, Turkey

Dr. Erkan YAMAN-Sakarya University, Turkey

Dr. Ersin ALTINTAŞ-Sakarya University, Turkey

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

Dr. Fatma Nevra SEGGIE-Boğaziçi University, Turkey

Dr. Fatoş ERKMAN-Boğaziçi University, Turkey

Dr. Ferda AYSAN-Dokuz Eylül University, Turkey

Dr. Feride BACANLI-Gazi University, Turkey

Dr. Figen COK-Başkent University, Turkey

Dr. Filiz BİLGE-Hacettepe University, Turkey

Dr. Frank C. WORRELL-University of California Berkeley, USA

Dr. Frederick RHODEWALT-The University of Utah, USA

Dr. Galip YÜKSEL-Gazi University, Turkey

Dr. Georgios D. SIDERIDIS-University Of Crete, Turkey

Dr. Gürhan CAN-Anadolu University, Turkey

Dr. Halil EKŞİ-Marmara University, Turkey

Dr. Hasan BACANLI-Gazi University, Turkey

Dr. Hatice ODACI-Karadeniz Tech. University, Turkey

Dr. Hikmet YAZICI-Karadeniz Tech. University, Turkey

Dr. Hüseyin EKİZ-Süleyman Şah University, Turkey

Dr. İbrahim H. DIKEN-Anadolu University, Turkey

Dr. Jale ELDELEKLIOGLU-Uludag University, Turkey

Dr. James J. GROSS-Stanford University, USA

Dr. Jianzhong XU-Mississippi State University, USA

Dr. John KANTOR-Alliant International University, USA

Dr. June P TANGNEY-George Mason University, USA

Dr. Ken WALLSTON-Vanderbilt University, USA

Dr. Kristin NEFF-University of Texas At Austin, USA

Dr. Kurtman ERSANLI-Ondokuz Mayıs University, Turkey

Dr. M. Engin DENİZ-Konya University, Turkey

Dr. Maria KAVUSSANU-University of Birmingham, United Kingdom

Dr. Mehmet DEMİREZEN-Hacettepe University, Turkey

Dr. Mehmet GÜVEN-Gazi University, Turkey

Dr. Melek KALKAN-Ondokuz Mayıs University, Turkey

Dr. Metin PİŞKİN-Ankara University, Turkey

Dr. Michael F. STEGER-Colorado State University, USA

Dr. Michael McCULLOUGH-University of Miami, USA

Dr. Mona ALAHMADI-Taibah University, Saudi Arabia

Dr. Muhammad Tahir KHALILY-National University of Ireland, Ireland

Dr. Murat DEMİRBAŞ-Kırıkkale University, Turkey

Dr. Mustafa BALOĞLU-Gaziosman Paşa University, Turkey

Dr. Mustafa KILIÇ-İnönü University, Turkey

Dr. Mustafa KUTLU-İnönü University, Turkey

Dr. Mustafa ŞAHİN-Karadeniz Tech. University, Turkey

Dr. Mustafa YILMAZLAR-Sakarya University, Turkey

Dr. Nils BEER-London Metropolitan University, United Kingdom

Dr. Omer Faruk TUTKUN-Sakarya University, Turkey

Dr. Ömer ÜRE-Selçuk University, Turkey

Dr. Osman TİTREK-Sakarya University, Turkey

Dr. Osman Tolga ARICAK-Fatih University, Turkey

Dr. Owence CHABAYA-University of Limpopo, South Africa

Dr. Pamela G. REED-Unıversıty Of Arizona, USA

Dr. Peter LOVIBOND-University of New South Wales, USA

Dr. Ramazan ARI-Konya University, Turkey

Dr. Rebecca P. ANG-Nanyang Technological University, USA

Dr. Recep KAYMAKCAN-Sakarya University, Turkey

Dr. Rengin KARACA-Dokuz Eylül University, Turkey

Dr. Richard M. RYAN-University Of Rochester, USA

Dr. Rita CLAES-Universiteit Gent, Belgium

Dr. Robert EMMONS-University of California, USA

Dr. Şahin KESİCİ-Konya University, Turkey

Dr. Sara FINNEY-James Madison University, USA

Dr. Şefika Şule ERÇETİN-Hacettepe University, Turkey

Dr. Selahattin GELBAL-Hacettepe University, Turkey

Dr. Sema Batu-Anadolu University, Turkey

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

Dr. Şermin KÜLAHOĞLU-Uludağ University, Turkey

Dr. Sezgin Vuran-Anadolu University, Turkey

Dr. Sinclair VAUGHN-Vanderbilt University, USA

Dr. Sırrı AKBABA-Uludağ University, Turkey

Dr. Songül TÜMKAYA-Çukurova University, Turkey

Dr. Süleyman DOĞAN-Ege University, Turkey

Dr. Susan E. CROSS-Iowa State University, USA

Dr. Susan SPRECHER-Illinois State University, USA

Dr. Syed Farhana JAHANGIR-Frontier Women University, Pakistan

Dr. Todd KASHDAN-George Mason University, USA

Dr. Turan AKBAŞ-Çukurova University, Turkey

Dr. W. Keith CAMPBELL-University of North Carolina, USA

Dr. Yaşar ÖZBAY-Gazi University, Turkey

Dr. Zafer GÖKÇAKAN-Mugla University, Turkey

Dr. Zekeriya NARTGÜN-Abant İzzet Baysal University, Turkey

Dr. Zeynep HAMAMCI-Gaziantep University, Turkey

Dr. Zeynep KIZILTEPE-Boğaziçi University, Turkey

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

1

Study the Perceptual Catégorization in Sport

Sebbane Mohammed, University of Mostaganem, Algeria, [email protected]

Abstract

This study has as its main object to show the effect of categorization of the configurations of

play in Soccer. According to Mervis and Rosch (1981), the category is an organization which

makes it possible to gather various physical objects or concepts in the same class. This many

make us suppose that the elements (i.e., specimens) of the same category have physical

features (perceptive) or conceptual (concept) similarities. The main results of this study

show, on the one hand, that the experts acquire a rich person repertory of conceptual

knowledge by the practice and the experiment and the other hand, through the process of

the activity that facilitates the visual data. This operating process of the expert system

reduced considerably the space of research. This generally results in an effective and a rapid

cognitive performance.

Keywords: perceptual catégorization, expertise, soccer

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

2

An Evaluative Study of the Physical Education Curriculum Developed from the

Point of View of Teachers in the Governorate of Irbid Jordan

Sadiq Alhayek, The University of Jordan, Jordan, [email protected]

Ali M. Aldeiry

Abstract

This study aimed to an evaluative study of the physical education curriculum developed from

the point of view of teachers in the governorate of Irbid Jordan. The Sample of the study

consisted of (109) male teachers and (51) female teachers from Irbid\'s first, second, and

third educational governorates. The following results were concluded:Developed

Curriculums from the viewpoint of teachers meet the knowledge-based on economy in a

high rank as seen by teacher\'s role, learner role and Information technology and knowledge

communication field. However, it goes in a medium rank in the knowledge-based on

economy through teaching strategies. There were no significant statistical differences in the

extent of teacher\'s evaluation of curriculum due to scientific qualification and gender

variables. There were significant statistical differences in the extent of teachers\'s evaluation

of curriculum due to years of experience for the favor of (more than 10 years experience).In

the light of the above mentioned results the researcher listed several recommendations; the

most important of them is to activate the applied training courses for teachers through

practical demonstration in the fields that enhances their skills on the knowledge based

economy.

Keywords: physical education curriculum, teacher

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

3

Teacher Candidates’ Attitudes towards Inclusion Education and Comparison

of Self Compassion Levels

Aydan Aydın, Marmara Üniversitesi, Turkey, [email protected]

Seher Kuzu

Abstract

This study has been figured for the purpose of comparing attitudes of teacher candidates’

toward inclusion education in terms of several variables and self compassion levels.

Sampling of the study consist of 4th grade students of (547) Marmara University Atatürk

Faculty of Education and Faculty of Science and Letters. In this study, a personel information

questionnaire is used to collect the demographic data of the participants. Also, to measure

participants’ attitudes toward inclusion Attitudes Toward Mainstreaming Scale that is

developed by Berryman ve Neal (1980) and adopted Turkish by Atay (1995) is used. Besides,

to measure self-compassion levels a Self-Compassion Scale developed by Neff (2003) and

adopted to Turkish by Akın, Akın ve Abacı (2007) is used. Self-compassion levels were at

medium levels. It has been found that Self compassion total scores and sub dimension scores

affected attitudes towards to inclusion education.

Keywords: teacher candidates, attitudes toward inclusion, self-compassion

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

4

Internet Addiction and Tendency to Express Emotions

Zeynep Oktuğ, İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

At the present day, social media applications are integral parts of daily life. People begin to

live their emotions through these applications. Studies show that the main reason of using

social networks among university students is making social relations easier. But because of

the excessive use of internet, the person can fall short off the real world, so that his or her

psychological well-being can be changed for the worse. That can give way to izolation,

loneliness and depression. Trying to decrease these feelings through establishing relations in

virtual world, can deprive the person of the benefits of face to face communication. This can

effect their tendency and capacity to express feelings. The aim of this study is to examine the

relation between internet addiction and the ability to express feelings among undergraduate

students. Internet addiction scale (King & Emmons, 1990) and emotion expression scale

(Young, 1996) are used.

Keywords: internet addiction, express emotions

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

5

The Understanding of Counselling Practice: Cases of Malaysian Counselling

Practicioners

Zakaria Mohamad, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia, [email protected]

Abstract

Counselling should undergo a certain process to ensure that a counselling session could

achieve its targeted goal. This article intends to analyze the understanding of Malaysian

counsellors in light of the counselling process that they choose to conduct. To achieve this

objective, six practising counsellors were chosen as participants for this research. Data was

collected through the methods of structured interviews using interview protocol which is

thematically analysed by the NVivo 2 software. The results of the analysis showed that these

counsellors understood the counselling process based on the theories that they were using.

Other than that, they followed the levels in the counselling process with the awareness of

the vital elements that need to be considered in each process.

Keywords: counselling practice, case study

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

6

Stress Among Working Single Mothers: Effects and Influencing Factors

Hamdan Abdul Kadir,

Thahira Bibi TKM Thangal, Universiti Teknologi MARA City Campus Johor Bahru, Malaysia,

[email protected]

Abstract

The world is now confronted with the “stress” phenomenon. Stress is now a part of human

life, able to occur anywhere, whether in daily life, the working environment or personal

matters. It comes without expectation and adamantly goes away. There are a number of

factors that contribute to the level of stress among single mothers. Among others are the

family’s socio-economic profiles, work culture and the surrounding. Stress that occurs at

work for single mothers extremely disturbs life at home when they are actually not being

able to separate the problems at the office from their responsibilities at home. However,

every problem has a solution. The role and contribution of organizations and the community

at every level either the public or private sector through various programs, training that

promotes mental and physical strength that energize courage, can help single mothers to

carry out their responsibilities in life.

Keywords: stress, single mother

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

7

Turkish version of the short form of Resilience Appraisal Scale: The validity

and reliability study

Hakan SARIÇAM, University of Kilis 7 Aralık, Turkey, [email protected]

Azmi Bayram İLBAY

Recep UYSAL

Mehmet ÇARDAK

Ahmet AKIN

Abstract

The aim of this research is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the

Resilience Appraisal Scale (RAS; Johnson, Gooding, Wood, & Tarrier, 2008). Participants were

419 university students from Sakarya University. The results of confirmatory factor analysis

demonstrated that the twelve items loaded on three factors (social support, emotional

coping, and situational coping) and the three-dimensional model was well fit (x²=117.28,

df=47, p=0.00000, RMSEA=.060, CFI=.97, NFI= .95, RFI=.95, IFI=.97, GFI=.96, and

SRMR=.049). Factor loadings ranged from .38 to .70. The internal consistency coefficients of

the scale were .66, .73, and .71, for three subscales, respectively and .81 for overall scale.

The corrected item-total correlations ranged from .38 to .57. Overall findings demonstrated

that this scale had high validity and reliability scores.

Keywords: Resilience appraisal, validity, reliability, confirmatory factor analysis.

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

8

Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy and Critics on It

Ömer Faruk Tutkun, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Dilek Güzel

Murat Köroğlu

Hilal İlhan

Abstract

The aim of this study is to point out the reasons of and the critics about revised taxonomy

which has been used since 1956 and was revised in 2001. Scanning method is used in this

study. In the light of analysis of data collection, these results are obtained;

1. Reasons behind the revision of Bloom’s taxonomy are; being unable to respond with a

one-dimensional form to the developments in educational psychology and learning

approaches, having difficulty in evaluating owing to the cumulative hierarchical framework

of original taxonomy, and being insufficient of one-dimensional form of Bloom’s taxonomy

within the scope of cognitive processes.

2. Here are the main critics of the revised taxonomy; revised taxonomy brings terminological

and structural innovations for the process of instructional planning, increased number of

sub-categories contributes to phase of reading objectives, revised taxonomy makes it

possible to use new concepts, such as performance and authentic assessment, there are

different opinions about the two steps that are accepted as the most difficult and located at

the top. The knowledge dimension and cognitive process dimension are understandable

enough and there are difficulties regarding the use of the classification.

Key Words: Bloom, taxonomy, revised taxonomy, objectives

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

9

Using Competency Based Learning approach in Teaching Arabic Language: a

case study from Bethlehem University -The West Bank

Mumen Al-Badarin, Bethlehem University, Palestine, [email protected]

Abstract

As it appears in the literature, there is an increase attention that is paid on how to use

practical techniques in order to improve the quality of teaching different subjects such as

science, engineering and medicine. However, when this applies to teaching Arabic language,

there is a tendency among teachers to adhere to traditional teaching approach, even in

academic programs, such as the case at Bethlehem University. Accordingly, this paper will

shed light on the difficulties that Arabic teachers face while challenging the traditional

approach to teaching the Arabic Language.

Based on an action research methodology, the researcher will present his vision and the

methods that he used to engage his students in thoughtful and practical experiences that

influenced their attitudes towards the language, as well as their writing, speaking and

expression skills.

The research hopes that this study might be a useful resource for Academics and Arabic

language teachers or others who face difficulties in challenging students’ attitudes and

motivation to learning.

Key Words: competency based learning

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

10

The Pakistani Immigrant Parents’ Perception about Their Children\'s Referral

for Special Needs Classes in Toronto

Afshan Amjad, University of Alberta, Canada, [email protected]

Abstract

This study examines the perceptions of Pakistani immigrant parents regarding the referral of

their children to special education programs in Toronto. The study uses grounded theory as

its methodology. Interviews were conducted with five parent participants and were

transcribed and coded. This research provides insight into the perceptions of Pakistani

immigrant parents whose children (8-12 years) are in special needs classes. The findings of

the study indicate that, according to the parents, there are five main reasons behind the

referral of Pakistani immigrant children for special education: 1) parent attitudes; 2) cultural

and linguistic differences; 3) teacher attitudes; 4) peer attitudes; and 5) immigration. The

results suggest that there is a tendency of over-referral of Pakistani immigrant children [in

Toronto schools]. Recommendations are made for implementing change within the special

education system in the TDSB and areas for future research are identified.

Key Words: special needs, parents’ perception, attitudes, cultural and linguistic differences,

grounded theory.

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

11

Women Can Be a Leader in Society

Osman TİTREK, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Mustafa Bayrakçı

Demet Zafer Güneş

Abstract

The aim of this research is to determine women’s perspective on leadership and leadership

effectiveness level of EU Grundtvig project named as “Developing Women Leadership Skills

in Society” was held in Education Faculty (20 weeks). The research carried out with the

survey model and data obtained with semi-structured survey. Frequency analysis and

percent has been used for analysis.

13 of participants of the project are single, 18 of them are married and 1 of them has other

marital status. All participants think that women can be a leader and leadership

qualifications and desire are important to be a leader. Most of the participants have said

that this project helped them realize their potential, some has already seen them a leader,

and others thought that they had innate leadership qualifications. Most of the participants

stated that they will use their learning in family and friend environment, in politics and at

work. The obstacles to women leadership are; patriarchal society structure; anticipatory role

of women; responsibility at home and children; oppression of women; drop-out of female

children; no supporting from men; intolerance of men to women leaders; and negative

nondiscrimination of women. Besides All of the participants think that education is

necessary to be a leader.

Key Words: women, leadership, society, Eu project, effectiveness

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

12

Influence of Ramadan Dialectics (physical & spiritual) During Psychological

Preparation of Young Football Players

Abbas Djamal, Bouira University, Algeria, [email protected]

Abstract

During the holly month of Ramadan, the period of food and liquid intake depends on sunset

and sunrise. Ramadan moves back in the calendar by about ten days a year. Thus, the

probability that major sporting events being held during Ramadan is great. Developing

practical and appropriate strategies to ensure competitiveness to athletes and players

regarding health, psychological aspect and physical performance becomes a significant issue.

The psychological aspect appearing through the motivation may constitute a very important

measure helping to face stress and anxiety, induced by the sudden change of the way of life

in Ramadan. Generally, during the second week, we may observe, on one hand, a

progressive human adaptation of the young athletes and, on the other hand, a disturbance

in the biological rhythm which leads to a level of tolerance to the temporary pain, thus to

behavioural problems.

In the present approach, we will deal with dialectics between physical and spiritual aspects

of Ramadan related to the corporal and psychological preparation of young Algerian football

players of ten (10) clubs in the first professional league, so that to preserve performance and

general health.

Key Words: Ramadan dialectics, Psychological preparation

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

13

The “Wisdom of Indecision” Revisited: Québec Students’ Orientation

Trajectory

France Picard, Université Laval, Canada, [email protected]

Abstract

Our paper will present research on the effectiveness of a compensatory orientation measure

adopted in Québec (Canada) colleges to help address indecision and other challenges—

learning difficulties, low high school GPAs, entering college without a high school diploma,

dropping out—and foster greater access to higher education. Our research studied the

effectiveness of a first-year college program in lessening academic and/or career indecision

among freshmen students. 973 freshmen (506 enrolled in this first-year program and 467 in

a degree program) participated in a survey designed to map indecision and its sources

(indecision-related issues) throughout their first semester. We examined the impact of

orientation interventions and learning conditions on student orientation trajectories

(indecision and its sources). We will present empirical evidence on “critical ingredients” that

can help relieve indecision, as well as orientation steps taken by students themselves and

events in their education experience that can contribute to lessening indecision.

Key Words: Indecision, orientation interventions, first-year seminar, educational pathways

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

14

Investigation of Narcissistic Tendencies of University Students According to

Various Variables

Betül Düşünceli, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Tuğba Seda Çolak

Abstract

The main objective of this research was to determine university students\\\' narcissistic

tendencies. Another purpose of the research was to determine if the narcissistic tendencies

of university students change according to various demographic characteristics or not.

Method; the research was carried out with the relational method of screening. Research was

carried on the basis of completely voluntary participations with 80 men and 130 women

totally 210 participants. Data were collected with Personal Information Form and Narcissistic

Personality Inventory. t-test of variance analysis and Pearson\\\'s moment correlation

methods was used in data analysis. Findings;

1. Narcissistic tendencies of university students from the highest dimensions are; self-

sufficiency, entitlement and exploitativeness.

2. Narcissistic tendencies levels differ in the dimension of authority and exploitative in

favor of women, in dimension of superiority in favor of men

3. Narcissistic tendencies of university students change according to vocational training

program.

4. Narcissistic tendencies of university students change according to birth order.

Key Words: Narcissism, university students, authority, exhibitionism, exploitativeness,

entitlement, self- sufficient, superiority

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15

The Vengeance Scale: The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version

Seydi Ahmet Satıcı, Anadolu University, Turkey, [email protected]

Gürhan Can

Ahmet Akın

Abstract

This study investigated the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Vengeance

Scale (Stuckkless, & Goranson, 1992. The sample of the study consists of 332 university

students. Correlation coefficients between the items of the Turkish and English forms of the

scale ranged from .71 to .97. Results of exploratory factor analysis revealed that the 20 items

loaded on one factor which explained of the 37% of the total variance. The factor loadings of

the scale items ranged from .39 to .73. The findings of CFA indicated that the fit index values

of the model were as follow: RMSEA=.061, SRMR= .050, NFI=.95, CFI=.97, IFI=.97, RFI=.94,

GFI=.91. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale was found as .91 and the

test-retest reliability coefficient was found as .87. Also the corrected item-total correlations

of the scale items ranged from .35 to .67. These results demonstrated that this scale was

valid and reliable.

Key Words: vengeance, validity, reliability

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16

The Investigation of Self- Directedness and Self- Transcendence Behaviors of

University Students

Tuğba Seda Çolak

Betül Düşünceli, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The basic aim of this study is investigate self- directedness and self- transcendence behaviors

of university students. The other aim of the study is to determine if self- directedness and

self- transcendence behaviors chance according to different variables or not. Method; the

research was carried out with the relational method of screening. Research was carried on

the basis of completely voluntary participation with 80 men and 130 women totally 210

participants. Data were collected with Personal Information Form and the Temperament and

Character Inventory. t-test of variance analysis and Pearson\'s moment correlation methods

was used in data analysis. Findings;

1. Self- directedness and self- transcendence behaviors of university students are found

at average level.

2. Self- directedness and self- transcendence behaviors chance according to gender.

3. Self- directedness and self- transcendence behaviors chance according to vocational

training program.

4. Self- directedness and self- transcendence behaviors differ according to class level

5. As birth order is a factor about self directedness, it isn’t a factor about self

transcendence.

6. Housing type isn’t a factor for both self- directedness and self- transcendence

behaviors.

Key Words: Self- directedness, Self- transcendence behaviors, Temperament

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17

The Investigatıon of the Maturity Level of Gifted Students Related to the

Different Variables (Amasya City Case)

Ahmet Üstün, Amasya University, Turkey,[email protected]

Hande Tilkicioğlu

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the relations between the professional

maturity and the control focuses of gifted high-school students related to their gender,

grade level and the types of the schools. A survey method was used for the purpose. To

obtain data “Professional Maturity Scale”, “Personal Information Form” ve “Rotter\'s

Internal-External Locus of Control Scale” were used. The sample of the research consists of

50 high-school students (from Science High School, Teacher Training High School and

Anatolian High School) attending to Science and Art Center in 2011-2012 academic year. All

group were reached as the number was few. For the data analysis, Pearson Moment

Correlation Coefficients was used to determine the relations between the variables and t

test was used to see whether the grades revealed according to the gender. Besides these,

numerical ratio and standart derivation were used. When the obtained data investigated, it

can be said that there is a meaningful relation between the professional maturity level of

students and the different variables.

Key Words: Gifted students, Professional maturity, Internal-External Locus of Control

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18

Curriculum Implementation And Reform: Evaluation New Science Curriculum

For Grades Six And Seven In State Of Kuwait From Teachers Views

Ahmad Alshammari, United Kingdom, [email protected]

Abstract

The Ministry of Education (MoE) in state of Kuwait are started to reforming the science

curriculum in all school academic stages (primary 1-5 grades, intermediate 6-9 grades and

secondary 10-12 grades). This study aims to evaluate the new Kuwait’s science curriculum in

grade sixth and seventh which was implemented in 2008, considering the views of science

teachers who are teaching this curriculum. This study was focus on the following curriculum

aspects: 1) Content, 2) Objectives, 3) Teaching methods, 4) Teaching aids and 5)

Assessment methods.

The questionnaire was used in this research to explore the views of teachers about the new

science curriculum and reveal the challenges and difficulties facing them in teaching it.

The study sample is 200 science teachers who are using the new science curriculum in

grades sixth and seventh at Kuwait schools.

Key Words: science curriculum, curriculum reform, curriculum evaluation, teachers’ views

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19

Creative Diversity by an AQAL Over Frame

Donna Willard-Moore, WITT- Western Insitute of Technology at Taranaki,

[email protected]

Abstract

Diversity and originality in student art works marks healthy and creative art courses. While

at the same time tutors teach the basics of techniques/ process and, inadvertently,

preferred styles. These are contradictory goals; various bandages repair the students’

diversity of visual possibilities; such as the inclusion of art history courses, or tutors with

radically different art preferences. However, these tactics are weak, compared to

technique/ process courses; because they explain,” here is the correct way to do this”.

Students see process art as the real value of an art program, thus diversity seldom reaches

the full desired creativity effect. In New Zealand, we have been challenge by the government

to embed literacy and numeracy into all courses; I suggest that an encompassing AQAL

framework would allow students a flexibility of mind that maximized their personal

creativity. AQAL, four ways of seeing art, 1) personal intention, 2) The fact/truth of medias

and methods; 3) the culture, which pronounces this, ‘is’ good’ and that ‘bad’, and 4) Systems

like education, or gallery acceptance, which currently re-enforce cultural or process art.

Maximizing creativity and acceptance of diversity is the goal as well as, the best possible

cultural contribution of the creative communities.

Key Words: Creative diversity, AQAL framework

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20

Investigating English Language Needs at the National Defence University of

Malaysia

Mardziah Shamsudin, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Malaysia,

[email protected]

Abstract

This study investigates English Language needs at the National Defence University of

Malaysia (NDUM). The research focuses on whether military students have been undergoing

appropriate English language courses for their future needs as officers of the armed forces

and at the same time analyses the inability of students to utilize their language capability.

The objectives of this research are, to identify students’ English language requirements who

will serve the Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF), the biggest stakeholder of the National

Defence University of Malaysia (NDUM), and to determine what improvements should be in

place in designing a new syllabus for English Language. The methodology includes four

phases. Firstly, content analysis of the existing English language curricula and syllabi are

undertaken and secondly, interviews with English language instructors and key personnel at

the MAF. Thirdly, a survey using questionnaires are performed on final year students of the

NDUM. Lastly, triangulations of both qualitative and quantitative data are gathered. It is

expected that this research will identify the weaknesses of the current English language

curricula and syllabi and thus, using the input from students, teachers and stakeholders, the

curricula and syllabi will be improved.

Key Words: English language needs, military students, English language course

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21

Results from a District Implementation of 21st Century Learning Knowledge,

Methods, and Strategies: Teacher Perceptions

Thelma Gunn, University of Lethbridge, Canada, [email protected]

Abstract

Within the literature are a number of discussions regarding 21st Century skills and learning,

each concluding that education is experiencing a paradigm shift. That is, traditional

educational patterns are giving way to more innovative modes and methods of learning

(e.g., Cheng, 2006; Trilling & Fadel, 2009), primarily due to radical technological changes that

have increased the availability of information as well as improved communication. In an

attempt to address this shift toward 21st Century skills and learning, a single school district

began a large scale, district wide three year study involving the implementation of

technology, differentiated instruction, and assessment for learning upgrades and teacher in-

servicing. This presentation will discuss the findings after three years of data collection. Data

was analyzed using non-parametric methods of analyses and descriptive statistics. Results

suggest that significant changes did occur with respect to software usage, communication

purposes, differentiated instruction and assessment practices, and levels of usage. Analyses

also noted age and hours of professional development as the most notable factors of

significance with respect to levels of knowledge, usage, and acceptance of 21st Century

methods.

Key Words: 21st century learning, longitudinal, district-based approach, teachers

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22

The Impact of 21st Century Learning Knowledge, Methods, and Strategies on

Student Engagement: A High School Approach

Thelma Gunn, University of Lethbridge, Canada, [email protected]

Abstract

There is sufficient evidence to support the importance of adaptive student engagement with

respect to improved school behavior, academic achievement, and high school completion

rates. Students who are more engaged exhibit high levels of adaptive attention, cognition,

and behaviour as well as create social, physical, and intellectual resources (i.e., Appleton,

Christenson, & Furlong, 2008; Fredrickson, 2001). One method to improve student

engagement is by embracing 21st century learning practices through greater technological

availability, communications, and instructional pedagogy. A three-year study designed to

investigate and track student engagement and academic achievement with Grade 9 and 10

students has demonstrated that 21st century instructional practices such as instructional

differentiation, assessment for learning, and enhanced technological communication and

instruction have the potential to improve students’ perceptions of community (i.e.,

academic, social, and global), orientation to school, and in particular, their academic

strategies. In addition, teacher perceptions of 21 century instructional practices and

perceptions of community and school will also be discussed.

Key Words: 21st century learning, student engagement, single school

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23

Education and Training on Surgery of Foreign Students and Preparation of

Foreign Surgeons-Interns with Use of Medical Simulators

Yakiv Bereznyts’kyy

Volodymyr Sulyma, Medical Academy, Ukraine, [email protected]

Abstract

Taking into account that the level of qualification of the doctor is in the first place in various

gradational system of educational societies it’s understood the necessity to improve the

quality of the doctor in institutes of higher education, in which directed implementation of

the credit-module system to the educational process.

This requires reconstructing the process of teaching surgery both of foreign students and of

foreign medical interns towards a positive effect - mastering the full range of theoretical

knowledge and practical skills with the help of modern equipment.

Received results underscore the increased objectivity in the control of knowledge on the

part of teachers\\\\\\\' interest and increasing of foreign students and of foreign medical

interns’ interest to master a subject, that allowed to prepare a general practitioner in

surgery and surgeons, and integrate in the future in practical public health in worldwide.

Key Words: education, training on surgery, foreign students, foreign surgeons-interns,

medical simulators

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24

The Effect of Group Logo Therapy on Depression of Women with Marital

Conflicts

Samaneh Jamshidi, Payam Noor University, Iran, [email protected]

Bahman Akbari

Abstract

We still have limited knowledge about correlation between depression of women and

marital conflicts, and their common psychogenic and noetic causes. They both affect nearly

all areas of family function including irreparable effects on children\'s psychological

development. This study examined the effect of group logo therapy on Depression of

women with marital conflicts. Thirty Depressed women with marital conflicts divided into

two groups (experimental group and control group) randomly. Experimental group received

8 session of group logo therapy. The control group received nothing. Both groups were

administered Beck Depression Inventory before and after intervention. Results using a

covariance analysis indicate that the effect of group logo therapy on depression of women

with marital conflicts is significant at 95% confidence interval, so group logo therapy has

caused depression of these women to decrease. Frankl’s theory of logo therapy is used to

explain the proposed relationship between depression and meaning of life.

Key Words: logo therapy, depression, marital conflict

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25

Role-Playing Gaming In Education: Considerations For Maintaining Gender

Equity

Lorraine Beaudin, University of Lethbridge, Canada, [email protected]

Abstract

Interest in using role-playing games in the classroom has grown as research continues to

demonstrate their effectiveness for learning (Horizon, 2011). Given the potential for gaming

to enhance collaboration and student learning, educators are exploring ways to integrate

role-playing games into their teaching.

In nearly all role-playing games the development of the player\\\\\\\'s character is a primary

goal and significant motivator for continuing play. Kinzie & Josepy (2008) found that nearly

all children chose to create a character of the same gender as themselves. Unfortunately

there are far fewer female characters available in games and those that do exist are often

provocatively dressed, passive, non-active characters (Beasley, & Collins Standely, 2002;

Haninger, & Thompson, 2004). Lack of appropriate female character choices could

potentially reduce interest by female students. This paper explores some of the gender

issues teachers should be cognizant of when using role-playing gaming in their teaching.

Key Words: gender, technology, gaming, learning, collaboration

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26

Learnt Experiences from Community Medicine Fieldwork

Tarinee Arkaravichien, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, [email protected]

Wiwat Arkaravichien

Abstract

Rational & Background: Fieldwork education should promote student centered practice, self

directed learning, knowledgeable of community resources. Khon Kaen University, Thailand

has set up a fieldwork for community medicine. Learning proposes of each activity in the

fieldwork have been set up and therefore should be evaluated.

Objectives: To determine whether the learning purposes of activities were achieved.

Methodology: Exact objective of each activity was clarified. The researcher participated in

the field with the students. All 12 students who stayed in the same house of fieldwork were

in-depth interviewed after finishing the fieldwork. Content analysis was performed and

interpreted into learnt experiences.

Results: The students have learnt the villager’s lifestyle which help them to understand the

correlation between lifestyle and illness. They learned about villager’s culture which

reflected to people’s health belief and attitude to health. They have learnt and understood

better that villagers often chose alternative treatment instead of modern treatment which

sometime included supernatural spirit. Staying with the villagers for 10 days trained the

students to adapt themselves and taught them to work together as a team.

Conclusion: Community medicine fieldwork offered way of learning and gaining experiences

to students which may have significant impact on student’s attitude to community.

Key Words: Fieldwork education, Community medicine, Ethnographic medicine,

Ethnography

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27

The Evaluation of the Relationship between the Level of Self-Acceptance and

Self-Compassion Among the Turkish University Students

Başaran Gençdoğan, Atatürk University, Turkey, [email protected]

Semanur Kodan

Abstract

Self-compassion is defined and operationalized by Neff, which is based on the philosophy of

Buddhism (assigned, Akın,Akın & Abacı, 2007). Self-compassion means being gentle and

understanding oneself in suffering and failure situation and it also entails acknowledging

these situaiton as a part of human life (Neff, 2003a; Neff, 2003b). As a result of recent

studies , though self-compassion is positively associated with self-acceptance, emotional

intelligence, life satisfaction, happiness , it is negatively associated with depression, anxiety,

self-criticism (Neff, 2003a, 2003b ; Neff, Hsieh & Dejitterat, 2005).

Self-acceptance is significantly related with mental health. Self-acceptance means

acknowledging positive and negative characteristic as a part of personality and harmony

with others and environment (Avcı, 2008). Self-acceptance is important to acknowledging

oneself and maintain healthy communication. Some age groups are significantly important

regarding with psychological and physical development as the periods of youth (Türkoğlu,

2007).

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between self-acceptance and self-

compassion among the Turkish students. Participants of this study are the students of

Atatürk University who are studying in different deparment . In this study, Self Compassion

Scale which was adapted into Turkish by Akın, Akın and Abacı (2007) and Self Acceptance

Scale (for university students) which was adapted into Turkish by Kılıççı (1980) are used in

order to measure the level of the self-compassion and self-acceptance of university

students.

Key Words: university studens, self-acceptance, self-compassion

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28

The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Humility Scale

Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Emel Gediksiz

Ümran Akın

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the

Humility Scale (Elliot, 2010). The sample of this study consisted of 359 university students.

The results of exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that the thirteen items loaded on

four factors (Openness, self-forgetfulness, modest self-assessment, and focus on others).

The amount of total variance explained was 57% and factor loadings ranged from .35 to .91.

Similarly, the results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the model was well fit

(x²=152.37, sd=56, p=0.00000, RMSEA=.069, CFI=.91, IFI=.91, GFI=.94, and SRMR=.080). The

internal consistency coefficients of the scale were .63, .67, .72, and .79, for four subscales,

respectively and the corrected item-total correlations ranged from .33 to .53. Overall

findings demonstrated that this scale had high validity and reliability scores.

Key Words: Humility, validity and reliability

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29

Ways of Coping with Stress, Life Satisfaction and Subjective Well Being: A

Study on University Students

Hatice Odacı, Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey, [email protected]

Özkan Cikrikci

Abstract

The aim of this research is to determine whether or not the university students’ ways of

coping with stress, life satisfaction and subjective well-being differs with regards to gender

and faculty variable in significant levels, ways of coping with stress predicts their life

satisfaction and subjective well-being.

For data collection, Scale of Coping With Stress, Life Satisfaction Scale, Subjective Well-Being

Scale and Personal Information Form were used. The participants were 852 university

students from different faculties of Karadeniz Technical University. In analysis of data one-

way Anova, Tukey test, t-test and multiple regression analysis were used.

In this research, life satisfaction of the students are meaningfully advantegous for females

according to the gender. When looked for the results to from faculty variable, it is seen that

students’ ways of coping with stress, life satisfaction and subjective well- being are varied at

a meaningfull level. It is defined that there is both a positive corelation between seeking

social help and problem focused coping with, in addiction, from their way of coping with

stress, there is a positive correlation between avoiding and subjective well-being. It is

observed that problem focused coping with strategy from coping with stress ways predicted

life satisfaction and subjective well-being; avoding predicted subjective well-being.

Key Words: Ways of coping with stress, life satisfaction, subjective well-being, university

students.

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30

An Evaluation of the 9th Grade Local and the International English

Coursebooks In Terms of Aims and Methodology

Arif Sarıçoban, Hacettepe University, Turkey, [email protected]

Nilüfer Can

Abstract:

English coursebooks play a fundamental role in EFL settings such as Turkey since they shape

teachers’ decisions about in what order to teach and how as well as what to teach to

learners (McGrath, 2006). This highlights the importance of coursebook selection which

needs to be made after a systematic analysis and evaluation. For this reason, this study

evaluates 9th grade local and international English coursebooks that are used in Anatolian

and other public high schools in Turkey. The evaluation is carried out using a checklist

method in order to achieve more objective, systematic, reliable and principled evaluation of

those coursebooks (McGrath, 2002; Tomlinson, 2003). A comprehensive checklist is

prepared with reference to some available checklists (Al-Yousef, 2007; Celce-Murcia, 2001;

Cunningsworth, 1995; Harmer, 1991; McGrath, 2002; Tomlinson, 2003). Using this checklist,

teachers who are the prime users of those coursebooks will be asked to evaluate them in

terms of (a) aims and objectives and (b) methodology and activities. The results to be

obtained will be accounted for by taking the opinions of some of the teachers, and the

findings will be discussed by considering teacher and student needs. Then, a comparison will

be made between the local and the international course book evaluations. At the end of the

study, some recommendations will be made relying on the overall findings.

Key Words: English coursebooks, evaluation

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31

Investigating the Prospective Teachers’ Level of Adjustment in Terms of

Perceıved Identity, Values and Need

M. Yüksel Erdoğdu, Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the prospective teachers’ level of adjustment

in terms of perceived identity, values and needs. The searching group include a total of 273

prospective teachers, 178 of whom are females and 95 of whom are males.They are either

working as paid teachers in the state schools within the boundaries of the Istanbul

Metropolitan Municipality or they are attending Public Personnel Selection Examination

(KPSS) courses. All of them volunteered to participate in the study. The Hacettepe

Personality Inventory and a questionnaire developed by the researcher were administered

to the participants. T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze

the data obtained. Those who perceive themselves as having the “foreclosed identity status”

and “diffused identity status” have a more intense personal and social maladjustment. It is

observed that those with spiritual values experience a more intense personal maladjustment

compared than those with power values. More intense adjustment problems are observed in

prospective teachers with high needs for status and prestige with high needs for love and to

be loved by other people. Teachers are the keystones of education and learning. Therefore,

they need to solve their adjustment problems so that they can raise healthy and quality

generations.

Key Words: adjustment, identity, value, need

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32

Chess as a Logotherapy Method with Youth

Roumen Bezergianov, Maricopa County, United States, [email protected]

Abstract

This paper describes how chess can be used as a therapy and a character education tool.

The game and its individual pieces can be interpreted to symbolize certain important aspects

of life; we can use chess as a platform to have conversations and discussions with our

children about those aspects. What can be extracted from chess are not only analytical,

logical and creative skills, but also clarification of values, a personal philosophy of life, and

spirituality. The elusive concept of being, covered with mystery and often ignored in a world

of action and achievement, seems to come a bit closer in chess to remind us of its primacy as

symbolized by the King. In terms of mental health, the ideas in this book can be viewed as a

method of Logotherapy, which is a meaning-centered psychotherapy originally developed by

Viktor Frankl—one of the greatest psychologists of the 20th century.

Key Words: meaning of life, chess, symbolism, being, doing, responsibility, character

education, values

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33

The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of Academic Motivation

Scale (AMS)

Gürhan Can, Anadolu University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) is an instrument developed in accordance with the Self

Determination Theory (SDT) by Vallerand and his colleagues (1992). STD proposes a

motivational continuum, comprising three types of motivation - intrinsic, extrinsic and

amotivation – ranged from the least to the most determined by the self. The purpose of the

current study was to examine psychometric properties of the AMS which has 28 items under

seven subscales. The subscales assess three types of intrinsic motivation (intrinsic motivation

to know, to accomplish things and to experience stimulations), three types of extrinsic

motivation (identified, introjected and external regulation) and amotivation. The results of

the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the seven-factor structure of the AMS. The

fit index values of the model were acceptable or ideal as follow: RMSEA=.064, NFI=.96,

CFI=.97, IFI=.97, RFI=.95, GFI=.89, AGFI=.86 and SRMR=.062. The internal consistency

coefficient of the scale was 0.89. These findings indicated that the scale was reliable and

valid in the current context.

Key Words: Academic Motivation, Validity, Reliability

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34

The Role of Family in Education

Sokrat Gjini

Kemajl Kurteshi, University of Prishtina, Albania, [email protected]

Volgushe Kurteshi

Idriz Vehapi

Abstract

We could even say there is no real education without the family, because the role of the

family in education is an “food” for normal developing and growth, could also say the family

is the most important source of education.

Family education is the earliest education children receive; parents are their first teacher

and the most important teacher of their life. Family education not only provides children

academic assistance on their school work, but also, even more importantly provides extra-

curricular guidance on cultural values, taught and modeled by parents.

Also we present the opinion of students about the role of family in children education who

participate in our investigation.

Key Words: family, education

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35

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Children\'s Education

Kemajl Kurteshi, University of Prishtina, Albania, [email protected]

Idriz Vehapi

Sokrat Gjini

Volgushe Kurteshi

Abstract

When children misbehave, parents and caregivers frequently focus on assessing and

identifying what may be wrong with the child, what treatment or intervention might be best

for the child, and so on. The children’s education is under gentic and environmental influces.

So some behavior are unreparied if the disorder are genetically such as autism, some

syndromes(Down, fragile x syndrome,etc ).

Key Words: genetic and environmental influences, children, education

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36

Academics’ Mobbing and Job Satisfaction Levels Who Works at Unıversity

Aydın Çivilidağ, Niğde University, Turkey, [email protected]

Nurten Sargın

Abstract

The aim of the research is to analyse the levels of job satisfaction and mobbing in terms of

gender, type of university and title variable and to identify whether there is a relation

between mobbing and job satisfaction levels or not. The research was made in Turkey at 55

different faculties and departments of the university’s on 529 academics (250 female

academics %47.25 and 279 male academics %52.74). Negative Acts Questionaire which was

developed by Einarsen (1996) and the scale of job satisfaction which was developed by

Hackman and Oldham (1980).These scales were used in the research. Results; sub

dimensions of mobbing and job satisfaction according to gender variable is not significated,

in state universities academics who are more exposed mobbing of sub dimensions attack on

reputation and self realization and affect the communicative formation according to in

foundation universities academics. In foundation university academics’s job satisfaction

levels are significantly higher than in state university; assistants’sub dimensions of mobbing

life quality and aggression on professional position are significantly higher than other

academics; professor doctors’job satisfaction levels are determined significantly higher than

the others; Also academics’ mobbing and job satisfaction levels were analysed and found

negative correlation between mobbing and job satisfaction levels.

Key Words: academics, university, mobbing, job satisfaction

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37

Tale of an Educational Initiative Taken for Under-Privileged Girls in a Third

World Country

Saira Zaidi, Infaq Foundation, CDSS, Pakistani, [email protected]

Abstract

One of the third-world countries, Pakistan where the overall public education system has

collapsed and there is a vast variation in private schools\' educational standards. Even some

of the schools which are located in posh localities and charge a good amount of fee are not

imparting quality education. In 2002, one of the largest national donor organizations of the

country took an initiative to establish a community development project. While establishing

the project, the working team found many girls who hadn’t been to school but had a deep

interest in studies. Their interest in studies pushed all the stake-holders to start a women

oriented pilot project on a very small scale. The project turned out a twenty four karat gold

project and just in seven years time more than 1500 girls benefitted in the field of education,

skill development and income generation.

Key Words: third world country, educational initiative, under privileged community, women

empowerment

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38

Women: Those Who are Exposed to Violence and Those Who are not Exposed

to Violence

Rezzan Gündoğdu, Aksaray University, Turkey, [email protected]

Yasemin Yavuzer

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine what kind of violence women are exposed to, the

reason why they are exposed to violence, the effects of the violence exposed on women,

how they perceive violence and to study the opinionsof women who are exposed and who

are not exposed to violence in what concernstheir marriages, their expectationsfrom life and

theirway of living. The population of this study is women living in the city of Aksaray. The

study gathered detailed information by using qualitative data collection techniques from a

total of 68 women 34 of whom were exposed to violence and 34 were not. In the selection

of individuals who have been interviewed from the sampling, easy accessiblesituation

sampling has been used among purposeful sampling methods. Furthermore, their

willingness for doing an interview has been taken into consideration. The researcher used

firstly a personal information form to learn the demographic features of individuals and then

used an interview form, which mostly consists of open ended questions. Each of the

interviews has been carried out by the researcher and lasted around 30-40 minutes.

The content analysis has been started on the information gathered from the interview form

by using qualitative data analysis method. At the end of these analyses, common themes

and codes will be reached and giving the frequency and percentage values concerningdata

will be possible. The content analysis requires a detailed analysis of gathered data and

enables to reveal themes and dimensions which were not evident before (Yıldırım and

Şimşek, 2005, 223). A qualitative research is a research in which qualitative data gathering

methods such as observation, interview and document analysis are used and where a

qualitative process is followed in order to reveal perceptions and events in a natural

environment and in a realistic and integrated way (Yıldırım and Şimşek, 2005, 39).

Key Words: women, violence

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39

Student Creativity in Mathematics Education in Elementary School in Jordan

Sumailah Sabbagh, Balqa’ Applied University, Jordan, [email protected]

Abstract

One of the important goals for any educational program is to have students think and act

creatively in all subjects (Torrance, 1983; Higginson, 2000; Runco, 2003).

This research study will investigate the perspectives of Mathematics teachers on student

creativity. A group of (20-25) mathematical teachers will complete a Childhood Creativity

Rating Scale on four of their students. Then about (25-30) students from the sample of this

study will be observed during the class to complete the scale on these student.

This study will seek to answer the following questions:

1. Is there a significant difference at the level (0.05 ≥ α) in teacher perspectives of

student mathematical creativity with respect to school type, sex and grade level?

2. Is there a significant correlation at the level (0.05 ≥ α) between the teacher

creativity scale grade and the observable creativity scale grade for the same children?

Key Words: creativity, mathematics education, elementary school

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40

The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Forgivingness Scale

Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Emel Gediksiz

Ümran Akın

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the

Forgivingness Scale (Berry, Worthington, O'Connor, Parrott, & Wade, 2005). The sample of

this study consisted of 388 university students. The results of exploratory factor analysis

demonstrated that the thirteen items loaded on one factor. The amount of total variance

explained was 36% and factor loadings ranged from .29 to .67. The results of confirmatory

factor analysis indicated that the model was well fit (x²=106.47, sd=32, p=0.00000,

RMSEA=.077, CFI=.89, GFI=.95, AGFI=.91, and SRMR=.062). The internal consistency

coefficient of the scale was .67 and the corrected item-total correlations ranged from .26 to

.43. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had high validity and reliability scores.

Key Words: Forgivingness, validity and reliability,

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41

Psychological Methods of Helping Cancer Patients

Pawel Izdebski, Kazimierz Wielki University, Poland, [email protected]

Abstract

Psychological methods of helping cancer patients are presented in this presentation.

Psychological help may be divided in the following types of influence: supportive,

psychotherapeutic, educational, and influencing physiological mechanisms through

decreasing the level of stimulation. Their effectiveness is evaluated. General

recommendations for the use of psychological help for cancer patients are also stated.

Key Words: psychological treatment, cancer; effectiveness

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42

Comparing Math Anxiety of Science, Engineering, and İnformation

Technology Students as Related to Achievement, Gender, and Postpone of

Math Courses

Ma’moonMubark Al-shannaq, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan,

[email protected]

Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between mathematics anxiety and students’

performance, gender, level and postpones calculus courses in scientific faculties. The data

were collected from these students at Al- Hussein Bin Talal University in the academic year

2011/2012. The sample was taken from all students who took calculus 2 in this semester

course. The student sample consisted of students 179 out of (282) students (males and

females). The results showed that there was negative effect between mathematics anxiety

and mathematics performance, also there were no gender differences in mathematics

anxiety. In relation to level, faculty, and postpone, the results found that mathematics

anxiety scores were significant more for last years, information technology and for postpone

mathematics courses.

Key Words: math anxiety, achievement, gender

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43

Classroom Environment: What does Students’ Drawings Tell?

Atika Solak, Zirve University, Turkey, [email protected]

Zuhal Yılmaz

Abstract

Designing a classroom environment according to students’ perception is important since a

discrepancy between teachers’ and students’ perception of classroom environment may

lead an ineffective communication (Chory & Goodboy, 2010). Aim of this study is to provide

a view about students’ perception elicited from their drawings followed by their written

descriptions about their ideal classroom settings and how could this study inform educators

as they design classrooms. Drawing and written record of students’ descriptions were used

as a data collection method. 50 students from private primary school were participated in

the study. Content analysis method (Finson et al., 1995) was used to analyze the data.

Findings from this study reveals students typically did not give authority to teachers instead

they gave authority to students or technology tools. Second findings of the study reveals

majority of students’ drawings included evidences related to interaction with technology

instead of teacher-student and student-student interaction.

Key Words: classroom environment, student perception, drawing, authority, classroom

interaction

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44

Evaluation of the Practicum in Teacher Education Programmes through

Distance System of Education in Pakistan

Qadir Bukhsh, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistani, [email protected]

Abstract

The system of education of the country depends on the quality of teacher education

programme. The strength of the educational institutions is highly qualified and skilled

teachers. The teacher training is divided into two disciplines i.e. Theory and practical.

Training of the practical skills like designing the objectives of the lesson, announcement of

the topic, presentation skill, communication abilities, maintaining the discipline,

motivational skills, developing the interactive skills, evaluative skills and selection of teaching

methodology of the teacher is the significant aspect of the teacher training. Distance mode

of education is playing its role for teacher training since 1975 in Pakistan. This study was

designed to evaluate the teaching practice for the students of bachelor of education

programme through distance education. The study was descriptive in nature; therefore

survey type research methodology was adopted to collect the data. 300 students of third

semester (Autumn 2010) of bachelor of education were selected randomly from the Region

Bahawalpur as a sample of the study. Questionnaire was used as a research tool to collect

the relevant informations. The data was analyzed in terms of percentage and mean score.

The significant findings of the study were as: significant majority of the respondents agreed

that activities of the workshop conducted regularly, presentation skill of the students

improved by the micro teaching, teaching skills have been enhanced by workshop and lesson

planning skill have been developed during the workshop. A significant majority of the

respondents disagreed that duration of the workshop is sufficient.

Key Words: practicum, distance system, teacher education, B.Ed programme, teaching skills,

presentation skills, lesson planning

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45

The Investigation of Relationship Between Psychological Needs And

Perfectionisms of University Students

Sahin Kesici

Hatice İrem Özteke, Konya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Cenk Kiper

Abstract

The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between psychological needs and

perfectionisms of university students. The study was in survey model and participants were

132 female (56,2%) and 103 (43,8 %) male students from Selcuk University. Their

psychological needs were measured by The New Needs Assessment Questionnaire

(developed by Heckert et. All, 2000 adapted to Turkish by Kesici, 2008), and their

perfectionist behaviour were measured by Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (adapted to

Turkish by Ozbay & Tasdemir, 2003). According to the results, there is a positive correlation

between order and achievement, there is a positive correlation between family expectations

and achievement, autonomy, dominance. There is a positive correlation between personal

criticism and achievement, autonomy, dominance. It has been determined that there is

positive correlation between interest in errors and dominance, negative correlation between

interest in errors and affiliation. Between parental criticism and achievement negative

correlation was determined.

Key Words: psychological needs, perfectionism

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46

The Affect of Seperation and being away from the Mother on Rats’ Puppies’

Physical and Mental Development

Canberk Yılmaz

Cemre Hatipoğlu, TAKEV, Turkey, [email protected]

Funda Semenderoğlu

Mehmet Yılmaz

Ataç Sönmez

Necati Gökmen

Osman Yılmaz

Abstract

The formation of this study was to find an answer to “How thousands of children’s

development, that are left on the streets are physically and mentally effected”. For this

reason we tried to find out the affect on physical and mental development at rats that are

separated from mothers and put into single housing. In the study totally 28 rat puppies, 12

male and 16 female rats were used. 1st group (n:6): Males that have being away from the

mother, 2nd group (n:8): Females that have being away from the mother, 3rd group (n:6):

Males who don’thave speration stress, 4th group (n:8): Fameles who don’thave speration

stress. All the pupies lived with their mother till the 18 th day after birth. 1st and 2 nd groups

were taken from their mother between 18-30 th days, totally 12 days, 4 hours everyday. The

pupies that are separeted from the mothers at the 1 st and 2 nd groups were put to single

housing between 30-90 days. On the other hand the group who don’t have separation stress

were put in cages as males together and females together. The weight gain, food and water

consumption was measured once a week to check out the physical development and water

tank test was applied at 30 th and 90 th day to follow the mental development.

There was a stastically significant difference (p< 0.05) between the groups that had

separation stress and that don’t have this stress when the weigt gain and food and water

consumption and learnimg and remembering faculty were compared. When the results of

this study is adapted to the effect on the population, by diminishing the protective effect of

the parents on children’s development and raising may have positive effect on children’s

mental and physical development, but this does not mean that they should be left to the

streets.

Key Words: mental development,affect of seperation

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INTERNATIONAL COUNSELING AND EDUCATION CONFERENCE (ICE-C 2012)

47

Promoting Educational Efforts through Counselling & Guidance

Imad Ghazzawi, Saudi Development & Training Company, Saudi Arabia,

[email protected]

Abstract

Private training institutions that run long-term apprenticeship training programmes share

common needs that should be addressed and managed properly in order to maximise

benefit of educational efforts. Among these major needs are trainees/students’ counselling

& guidance activities. These activities are provided as individualised services or in the form

of comprehensive counselling programmes, depending on the specific needs and resources

of the organization.

The presentation will show real benefits obtained via delivering comprehensive counselling

services to trainees at SDT Training Academy. Participants will see how the presenter

imitated the ASCA National Model, a comprehensive schools counselling programme model,

to tailor-make the Comprehensive Academy Counselling Programme to support commercial

training projects. This initiative has provided a real value-added to the academy and its

trainees in the areas of personal, social, and academic competencies.

This session is intended for student affairs personnel and related stakeholders who are

involved in the development and delivery of educational counselling services to young

adults.

Key Words: benefit, educational effort, counselling services

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48

Examining Psychological Symptoms and Self-Efficacy of Parents with Disabled

Children

Bülent Baki Telef, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between self-efficacy and

psychological symptoms of the parents with disabled children.

This is a descriptive study. The sample of the study consists of the parents of 165 students

with disabilities. 63,3 % (n=105) of the participants were mother and 36,4 % (n=60) were

fathers. Data was collected with the help of Parent Self-Efficacy Scale which was developed

by Guimond, Moore, Aier, Maxon & Diken (2005) and translated into Turkish by Diken

(2007), and Short Semptom Inventory which was developed by Derosatis (1992) and

translated into Turkish by Şahin and Durak (1994). In the analysis of the data, t-test, Anova,

and Pearson Moments Correlation Analysis was used.

This study showed that there is a negatively meaningful relationship between parent self-

efficacy and psychological symptoms. There were meaningful differences in psychological

symptoms and self-efficacy of the parents according to demographic variables.

As a result, we can say that increase in parent self-efficacy will lead decrease in psychological

symptoms. In further studies, a parent education program which will boost self-efficacy of

the parents can be prepared and its efficiency can be examined.

Key Words: self-efficacy, parent self-efficacy, psychological symptoms

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49

Examining Self-Efficacy as the Predictor of Subjective Well-Being of High

School Students

Bülent Baki Telef, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey, [email protected]

Enes Ergün

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to measure whether academic, social, and emotional self-

efficacy and some demographic variables predict subjective well-being of high school

students.

Sample of this study consists of 311 students from different high school. 64 % (n=199) of the

participants were girls and 36 % (n=122) boys. Data were collected by scale of Self-Efficacy

for Children (Muris, 2001; Telef, 2011), Positive and Negative Life Scale (Deiner and others,

2009-2010; Telef, 2011-2012), Life Satisfaction Scale (Deiner, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin,

1985; Köker, 1991). In the analysis of the data, Pearson Moments Correlation and Multiple

Regression Analysis were used.

This study has showed that academic, social, and emotional self-efficacy of the students

have positively meaningful relationship with subjective well-being. The Multiple Regression

Analysis showed that academic, social, and emotional self-efficacy and age explained 21 % of

the subjective well-being.

The study showed that academic, social, and emotional self-efficacy and age are predictors

of subjective well-being of the high school students. School counselors can perform activities

to increase the academic, social, and emotional self-efficacy of the students which, we think,

will make attributions to the subjective well-being of the students.

Key Words: academic self-efficacy, social self-efficacy, emotional self-efficacy, subjective

well-being

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50

The Effect of Mandala Activities in Decreasing The Test Anxiety in University

Students

Başaran Gençdoğan, Atatürk University, Turkey, [email protected]

İsmail Ay

İsmail Seçer

Semanur Kodan

Abstract

In this research, the effect of Mandala Activities in decreasing the test anxiety in university

students is investigated through an experimental study. The work group of the research is

consisted of 40 students, 20 as experimental group and 20 as control group, from different

departments and different classrooms in Ataturk University. Spilberger Test Anxiety

Inventory is applied to all the students as pre-test and post-test. The experimental group

was made to do Mandala Activities through reed music for 8 weeks, 2 hours a day, 1 days a

week. Control group was made to listen to reed music for 8 weeks, 1 days a week, an hour a

day. The results of the research data analysis show that the test anxiety has decreased much

more in the experimental group than the control group

Key Words: mandala activities, test anxiety

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51

The Effects of Mandala Activities in Decreasing the Attention Deficit Disorder

and Learning Disability in Primary School Inclusive Education Students

Erdoğan Başaran, Turkey, [email protected]

Esra Altunkaş

Abstract

In this research, the effect of Mandala Activities in decreasing the attention deficit disorder

and learning disability in primary school inclusive education students is investigated through

an experimental study. The work group of the study is consisted of 20 primary school

inclusive education students, 10 as experimental group and 10 as control group, from

different school and different classrooms in Erzurum. In the research, Burdon Attention Test

and Learning Disability Test are applied to all the students as pre-test and post-test. The

experimental group was made to do Mandala Activities through reed music for 8 weeks, 2

hours a day, 3 days a week. Control group was made to do leisure reading activities for an

hour and watching cartoons for one hour activities through reed music for 8 weeks, 3 days a

week. The results of the research data analysis show that the attention deficit disorder and

learning disability have decreased in the experimental group students, but there has been no

change in the control group students.

Key Words: mandala activities, deficit disorder

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52

Turkish Version of Self-Transdence Scale: The Study of Validity and Reliability

Hakan Sarıçam

Mehmet Çardak, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Recep Uysal

Azmi Bayram İlbay

Ahmet Akın

Abstract

Self-transdence can be defined the ability and capacity of individuals to expand self-

boundaries in various ways (inwardly, outwardly and temporally). The aim of this research is

to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Self-Transdence Scale

(STS; Reed, 1998). Participants were 350 university students from Sakarya University. Scale is

a 15-item self-report measurement consisting of two sub-scales. Each item was rated on a 4-

point likert scale (1=not at all 4=very).In this study firstly, the language equivalency between

English and Turkish forms were tested by five philologists and academicians. and along with

some corrections this scale was prepared for validity and reliability analyses. The

confirmatory factor analysis was executed to confirm the original scale’s structure in Turkish

culture. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale was found between .69

and .81. The test-retest reliability scores were vary between .68 and .79. Also the corrected

item-total correlations ranged from .32 to .61. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale

had high validity and reliability scores and that it may be used as a valid and reliable

instrument in order to assess self-transdence of individuals.

Key Words: self-transdence, validity, reliability, confirmatory factor analysis

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53

Burnout Levels of Psychological Consultants Examination according to

Perceptions of School Environment

İsmail Seçer, Atatürk University, Turkey, [email protected]

Birol Alver

İsmail Ay

Muhammet Çiftçi

Mücahit Dilekmen

Sırrı Akbaba

Abstract

This research is made to examine the psychological consultants’ level of burnout according

to, duty station, to be appreciated by their superiors, type of school, the nature of the school

and cooperation with managers. The research is carried out with 213 individuals who were

randomly chosen from the counselors working in Erzurum city center and its districts in

2011-2012 academic years. The research data is collected with the Maslach Burnout

Inventory which is developed by Maslach (1981) and is adapted to Turkish by Ergin (1992).

The data about the variables concerning the psychological consultants is collected with

‘Personal Information Form’ prepared by the researcher. t test technique, one-way variance

analysis and Post Hoc LSD test Technique is used in the statistical analysis of the data. As a

result of the research, it is determined that there is no meaningful differentiation between

psychological consultants’ burnout levels and the variables of duty station, type of school;

there is a meaningful differentiation to be appreciated by their superiors, the nature of the

school and cooperation with managers. These results are discussed and necessary

suggestions are made.

Key Words: psychological consultant, burnout, burnout inventory

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54

Marital Satisfaction and Depression in a Sample of Turkish Women

Erkan Işık, Mevlana University, Turkey, [email protected]

Yeliz Saygın

Ayşe Negiş Işık

Abstract

The purpose of the current study was to examine marital satisfaction and depression levels

according to some demographic variables (eg. employment status, income, education level,

family context). Çelik’s (2006) Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS) and Beck’s Depression

Inventory (BDI) were administrated to 214 married women. The results of Multivariate

Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) suggested that significant group differences were found for

employment status, education level, and family context in both marital satisfaction and

depression whereas no differences were found for income. Specifically, working and more

educated women and women living in their nuclear family were less depressed and

experienced more marital satisfaction. In the light of the results, implications for counseling

and suggestions for future research were discussed.

Key Words: marital satisfaction, depression, Turkish women

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55

Adaptation of the Principal Sense of Efficacy Scale to Turkısh: A Reliability and

Validity Study

Ayşe Negiş Işık, Konya Unıversıty, Turkey, [email protected]

Deniz Derinbay

Abstract

Aim of this research is determined as adapting the Principal Sense of Efficacy Scale

developed by Moran & Gareis (2007) to Turkish. Working group of the research consist of

190 principals choosen by using the random sampling method among the principals working

in 2011-2012 educational years in Konya. During the adaptation of the scale, it was first

translated into Turkish by researchers; then the Turkish text was retranslated into English by

two English teachers; then original form and backtranslation forms were assessed by a

native speaker. Reliability of the scale was tested by using Cronbach α and the values related

differences of 27 percentage lower-higher groups. The Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency

for each subscales: “Efficacy for management” was .86, “Efficacy for instructional

leadership” was .89 and “Efficacy for moral leadership” was .86. Validity of the scale was

tested by Explanatory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. As a result of the validity and

reliability analysis, it was thought that Turkish adaptation process of the scale was

completed.

Key Words: principal sense of efficacy, validity, reliability

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56

Supervision as a Prevention and Support to Teachers in Integrated Education

Petra Potmesilova, Palacky University, Czech Republic, [email protected]

Abstract

The presented research was focused on the field of sentiments, attitudes and concerns of

educators potentially working with pupils with impairment under inclusive/integrative

settings.

This study aimed at discovering whether the above stated parameters change after

achieving qualification in special needs education. The results of research encompassing a

period of three years aimed at describing a group of 794 educators from the point of view of

development of their attitudes, opinions and concerns focused on the process of inclusion.

In accordance to obtained results, the supervision as a special psychological support is badly

needed.

Key Words: inclusion, attitudes, sentiments, education, pupils with impairment,

methodology of teaching, overloading, stress, supervision, teacher

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57

Perception and Attitude towards Pre-Retirement Counselling among Nigerian

Civil Servants

Anthonia E. Inaja

Patrick N. Asuquo, [email protected]

Abstract

In Nigeria, retirement is usually a period of major changes in the lives of public servants. For

some people such changes are devastating and traumatic. In this study, public servants’

perception of retirement and their attitude towards pre-retirement counseling was

surveyed. A representative sample of 1200 civil servants was selected using purposive

sampling approach. Responses were elicited from them using a self-structured

questionnaire to test one major proposition that guided the study. Data analysis were

carried out using one-way ANOVA and tested at 0.05 alpha levels. Results of the study

showed that civil servants’ perception of retirement significantly influence their attitude

towards pre-retirement counselling with respect to income and expenditure management,

health related issues, management of loneliness and change in physical environment. It was

recommended among other things that pre—retirement seminars and workshops should be

organized for civil servants on a regular basis to prepare them for life at retirement.

Key Words: perception and attitude, pre-retirement counselling

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58

Analysis of Students’ Occupation Decision Making in the context of Holland’s

Theory of Personality Types

Fulya Damla Kentli, Yildiz Technical University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

Choosing an occupation is complex phenomenon which can be evaluated in physiological

and social dimensions. The purpose of this study is to examine students’ personality types in

considering Holland’s Theory and analyze the correspondence between students’

characteristics and their decision making of occupation. In this regard, Holland’s inventory

that is based on the assertion that most people can be identified as one of six personality

types that correspond to work environments is used in this work. Qualitative methodology

addresses the research objectives. The findings provide some support for the conjectures

that Holland’s Inventory might create awareness of specific personality types; however,

these characteristics are limited to evaluate students’ decision making of vocational choice.

Key Words: occupation choice, decision making, personality characteristics

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59

The Effect of Body Image Satisfaction on Problematic Internet Use through

Social Support, Problem Solving Skills and Depression

A.Aykut Ceyhan, Anadolu University, Turkey, [email protected]

Esra Ceyhan

Yıldız Kurtyılmaz

Abstract

This study investigates whether social support, problem solving skills and depression

mediate the relationship between body image satisfaction and problematic Internet use. The

research was carried out with the participation of 492 Turkish university students. The

findings indicate that individuals more dissatisfied with their body image have insufficient

social support and consider their problem solving skills to be inadequate. This consequently

makes them more depressed, and depression causes them to misuse the Internet more.

According to these findings, body image satisfaction has significantly and directly affects

social support, problem solving skills and depression. Furthermore, body image satisfaction

has an indirect effect on depression through the partial mediation of social support and

problem solving skills. Results also show that social support, problem solving skills and

depression act as mediators between body image satisfaction and problematic Internet use.

Moreover, social support and problem solving skills also have indirect effects through the

partial mediation of depression on problematic Internet use.

Key Words: problematic internet use, body image satisfaction, social support, problem

solving skill, depression

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60

Competence Mathematics Treatment in Higher Education

Claudia Guzner, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina, [email protected]

Abstract

The central idea is that learning and teaching of mathematics is not limited to a single

absorption and stored in a fixed body of decontextualized concepts and procedural skills

transmitted by the teacher, but a collaborative construction of knowledge meaningful and

useful that includes problem-solving skills, to articulate the supporting environment for the

student.

In light of this reflection, this paper aims to show how to present the content sequentially, in

cognitive and affective student, taking into account the horizontal articulation vertical and

treatment of topics that require integration of concepts from different areas.

Key Words: competence, higher education, mathematics

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61

Faradarmani

Farnaz Farahangpour

Mohammad Ali Taheri, [email protected]

Abstract

Faradarmani is a type of alternative therapy which has a completely mystic view. It is a

subcategory of Interuniversal Erfan (Halqeh) which was founded by Mr. Mohammad Ali

Taheri. In this type of therapy, the patient is connected to the Interuniversal Consciousness

Network (the network of intelligence and awareness that covers the universe, Holy Spirit)

and while giving a physical report on feeling warmth, cold, pain, tremors, stinging and etc,

their defective body parts are identified and the treatment begins with the elimination of

the symptoms.

This therapy is called Faradarmani because it comes from a type of viewpoint called

Interuniversalism. According to Interuniversalism, man\'s existence is seen as vast as the

universe itself and more than just a set of flesh and bones.

psymentology is in the field of faradarmani:

Being categorized amidst other fields in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) of

Iran, and concerning the mind-psychology of mankind, Psymentology has an Interuniversalist

perspective on the human being with an all inclusive approach. Mind and psyche each are

dealt as a separate concept in Psymentology, comprising a specific part of an individual. This

subject tries to alleviate mental and psychic disorders

Key Words: faradarmani,psymentology

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62

Impact of Resilience and Internet Addction on Academic Performance of

University Undergraduates

Noreen Akhter, NUST, Pakistani, [email protected]

Abstract

The present study was aimed at discerning the relationship between resilience and internet

addiction, & its impact on academic performance of university students. The study was

carried out on the sample of 259 university undergraduates. Internet Addiction Test (Young,

1998) resilience scale (Wagnild & Young, 1993) were used to measure the constructs.

Multiple regression analysis, independent t-test were computed to analyze the data. Results

showed that resilience is negatively associated with internet addiction. However, it has no

impact on academic performance of the student, whereas, internet addiction was

significantly negatively associated with the academic performance. Data was analyzed with

some demographic variables. The suggestions for improving individual’s resilience and

empirical efforts have also been discussed.

Key Words: internet addiction, resilience, academic performance

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63

The History of the Peer Helping Programme

Zehra Nesrin Birol, Turkey, [email protected]

Hikmet Yazıcı

Abstract

The aim of the study is to explore the process of the peer helping used for the peer effect

and the benefits obtained as a result of the method. Within this context, we put the

emphasis on the fields which peer helping was used. The notion of peer helping means the

counseling of people who are at the same age, knowledge, and status. While peer helping,

active listening, the knowledge of human soul, self-improvement together with the skills of

problem solving are taken into consideration. The peer helping method is successfully used

among the young, adults, and the elderly. The aim of the method is to reach more people.

Moreover, it is recommended that peer helping should be included in psychological helping

programs that are sensitive to the culture. Under the umbrella term of peer helping, its

advantages and disadvantages in the psychological counseling practices were evaluated in

the study.

Key Words: peer helping, non-professional movement, prevention services in guidance

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64

An Overview of the Features Which the School Counseling Services Should

Have According to the Perceptions of the School Councelors (Trabzon City

Sample)

Zehra Nesrin Birol, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The aim of the study is to explore the perceptions of the school counselors on the features

such as physical conditions, location, and the equipment that the school counseling services

should have. Accordingly, the evaluation of the perspectives of the school counselors who

are working at the same school about task sharing and the use of the school counseling

room were assessed. The instrument used in this case study was semi-structured interview.

Therefore, the interviews with seventeen school counselors were held. Using the data

obtained from the interviews, the tables were drawn. The results were discussed relating the

views of the school counselors to the relevant literature. The findings showed that the

school counselors found the technological equipment in the services sufficient. However,

76% of the counselors believed that sharing the same room with another counselor

eventually resulted in the loss of time and performance.

Key Words: psychological counselor, counseling services, the use of the school counseling

services

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65

The Short form of the Scales of Psychological Well-being (SPWB-42): The

validity and reliability of the Turkish version.

Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

İbrahim Demirci

Esra Yıldız

Emel Gediksiz

Nihal Eroğlu

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the

Scales of Psychological Well-being 42 item version (Ryff 1989a, b; Ryff & Keyes 1995). The

42-item instrument consists of six subscales; Autonomy, Environmental mastery, Personal

growth, Positive relationships with others, Purpose in life, Self-acceptance and each subscale

consists of seven items. The sample of the study consists of 1048 university students. The

results of confirmatory factor analysis for SPWB indicated that the six dimensional model

was well fit (x²=2689.13, df=791, p=0.00000, RMSEA=.048, NFI=.92, NNFI = 94, CFI=.95, IFI=

.95, RFI=.92, GFI=.90, and SRMR=.048. The internal consistency coefficient of the SPWB was

.87. All the differences between the item mean-scores and the factor scores of the upper

27% and lover 27% groups were found to be significant. These results demonstrate that

SPWB 42 item version valid and reliable instrument.

Key Words: psychological well-being, confirmatory factor analysis, validity, reliability

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66

High School Student’s Internet Addiction and its Relation to Social Skills

Mehmet Kurtulmuş

Ayhan Gündaş, Dicle University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The internet is becoming widespred raipdly as it enables people to reach lots of information

and let them communicate in a short time. As it continues to widespread, it includes the

teenagers in its target group. During the puberty the period when the individual begins to

integrate with the community thanks to his or her social skills, the popularity of internet use

affects the teenagers social skills in a good and also bad way. Its thought that the internet

addiction has an impact especially on social awareness which includes acquisition,

understanding and interpreting the other people’s verbal communication and makes easy

the integrity of the teenager with the society; and also Social Control Skills which is about

the individuals self actualizing socially.

The universe of this study is made up of high school students in Diyarbakır city centre in

2011-2012 educational term. The sample is 489 students which are choosen according to

simple random sampling. The data are gathered by “Internet addiction Scale” and “ Social

Control and Social Awareness Scale” which is developed by Riggio. Correlation Analysis is

used for data analysis.

In this study its found that internet addiction and Social control is (r:-0.96, p<0.05) negatively

correlated; and internet addiction and Social Awareness is (r=0.1, p< 0.05) positively related.

In that context teenagers should be provided with more qualified time during the internet

use and their social interaction must be enchanced.

Key Words: internet addiction, social skills

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67

Initial Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of Differentiation of Self

Inventory-Revised

Erkan Işık

Sabiha Bulduk, Mevlana University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The purpose of the current study to examine the psychometric properties and initial

reliability and validity studies of Skowron and Schmitt’s (2003) Differentiation of Self

Inventory-Revised (DSI-R) in a sample of 187 Turkish adults. The DSI-R consists of 46 items

and four subscales which measure emotional reactivity, I-position, emotional cutoff, and

fusion with others. Results indicated that internal consistency estimates for the subscale

and total scores were satisfactory. The factor structure was fairly similar to the original DSI-

R. Concurrent validity evidence was collected was collected relative to a similar construct to

differentiation of self, specifically self in family using Kağıtçıbaşı’s (2007) Autonomous-

Related Self in Family Scale. In the light of the findings, implications for the use of the Turkish

Form of DSI-R and ideas for future research are discussed.

Key Words: differentiation of self, turkish version, reliability, validity

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68

Counseling Course in Pharmacy Curriculum in Thailand

Wiwat Arkaravichien, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thailand, [email protected]

Abstract

Patient counseling is one of the most important services of pharmacies. There is evidence

that through patient counseling, pharmacists should identify and resolve drug-related

problems, empower patients to adopt positive self-management behavior, increase patient

satisfaction with pharmacy care, and optimize patient quality of care. Pharmacy counseling

subject should be well designed in order to encounter students with concepts and skills to

allow them to integrate as well as to synthesize relevant information and skills in a problem

solving style. Thailand has 17 faculties of pharmacy; 12 government universities and 5

private universities. The objective of this study was to explore how much counseling

containing subjects were put into pharmacy curriculum. Documented research was

conducted by exploring and analyzing all pharmacy curricula in Thailand to see how much

counseling subject or counseling related subjects were put into the curricula. The study

shows that all universities have counseling containing subjects in the curricula, with credit

between 2 to 11 credits. Eight universities have subject called ‘counseling’. Nine universities

have them as counseling related subjects. Six out of eight universities put counseling subject

in a main course. The rest have it as an elective. Most of the courses have laboratory

practice for students to gain skill. Counseling and counseling related subjects are good

examples to reflex professionalism learning. Professional learning needed to be conducted

throughout the curriculum.

Key Words: counseling, pharmacy counseling, pharmacy curriculum

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69

Longitudinal Effects of Interpersonal Problem Solving Skills Training on the

Adolescents’ Constructive Problem-Solving Level and the Level of Trait Anger

Ahmet Bedel, Mevlana University, Turkey, [email protected]

Ramazan Arı

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal effects of the interpersonal

problem solving skills training on the adolescents’ constructive problem-solving skills and the

level of trait anger. Pre-test posttest control group experimental research design was used.

There were 13 subjects in the experiment group and 15 subjects in the control group. For

the collection of data the Interpersonal Problem Solving Inventory and Trait Anger Scale

were used. Mann Whitney U test was conducted to find the differences between the scores

of the groups. The results showed that interpersonal problem solving skills training increased

the level of the constructive problem solving skills of the adolescents in the experiment

group and reduced the level of trait anger significantly, and this effect continued the

following six months and twelve months intervals.

Key Words: interpersonal problem solving, constructive problem-solving and trait anger

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70

Stress Coping Approaches as the Predictor of Social Adjustment

Bahadır Bozoğlan, Mevlana University, Turkey, [email protected]

Sabiha Bulduk

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine how university students’ adjustment to

university is predicted by their stress coping strategies they use such as self-reliance,

obedient, optimistic, social support search and helpless approaches. To collect data

Adjustment to University Questionnaire (Akbalık, 1998) and Sociopiotropy-Autonomy Scale

(Folkman and Lazarus, 1980) were used. The sample was consisted of 281 university

students from Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey. For the analysis of the data multiple

regression analysis was used. Pearson Product Momentum Correlation matrix results

revealed that all stress coping approaches except optimistic approach were significantly

correlated to “Social Adjustment”, but only helpless stress approach was not significantly

correlated. Thus, academic adjustment dimension of the students’ adjustment to university

scale was excluded from the study. Stepwise Regression analysis results explained 39% of

total variance. The results have shown the best predictor of coping approach was helpless

approach.

Key Words: adjustment to university, stress coping approaches, university students

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71

The Change of the Term “Teacher Competences and Qualifications” through

History in Turkey (1923-2011

Hilal Zehra Uzun, Turkey, [email protected]

Elif Gamze Özcan

Abstract

This study aims to examine how the term “teacher competences and qualifications” in

Turkey has been defined through the years from the foundation of Turkish Republic till now.

Hence it will be possible to explain which equivalents this term has met so far and how it has

been shaped throughout those years. To do this Legislative Arrangements, The National

Education Councils, the reports written by General Directorate of Teacher Education and the

projects that have been carried out will be examined. Data will be collected by using survey

model based on descriptive method. The obtained results will be examined and discussed in

details.

Key Words: teacher competences, teacher qualifications

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72

Opinions of Students on the History of Turkish Education Course in Elt

Departments

Gülay Sarıçoban, Hacettepe University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

This study aims to scrutinize the views of ELT students on the History of Turkish Education

(THE) course given in the second year in their programs. In the survey there are questions

regarding (a) aims and objectives and (b) methodology and activities. To do this, the

evaluation is carried out using a checklist method in order to achieve more objective,

systematic, reliable and principled evaluation of THE. This comprehensive checklist has been

prepared with reference to some available checklists on the same issue. The results to be

obtained will be accounted for by taking the opinions of some of the teachers who have

already taught or currently teaching that course. The findings will be discussed by

considering teacher and student needs. Then, a comparison will be made between these two

parties. At the end of the study, some recommendations will be made relying on the overall

findings.

Key Words: opinions of students, the history of Turkish education

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73

The Relationship Between Burnout and Emotional Abuse in Counselors

Hakan Sarıçam, Kilis 7 Aralık University, Turkey, [email protected]

Arzu Gülbahçe

Öner Gülbahçe

Abstract

Emotional abuse is also called psychological intimidation and mobbing. Emotional abuse is

meaning of behaviors (or attitudes) that similar type, systematic, long period, hostile and

aggressive between employees at same work. Healty interpersonal relationship between co-

workers and their managers is very important factor for integrating workplace, efficent

works and willingness of remain in the organization. The aim of this research is the

examination of the relationship between burnout and emotional abuse in counselors. The

sample of this research is 100 counselors at formal schools in Erzurum. The scale of

Emotional Abuse, Maslach Burnout Scale, Personal Information Form are used for this

research. The obtained data is analyzed with t test, ANOVA, Pearson Momentler Correlation

Analysis. There are positive significant correlation between burnout and emotional abuse.

Namely, if counselors have high score of emotional abuse, their score of burnout is high. A

lot of counselors said that we weren’t cared by our managers and co-workers.

Key Words: burnout, emotional abuse, counselor

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74

The Effect of the Solution-Focused Decision-Making Training Program on the

Vigilant Decision-Making of University Students

Enver Sarı, Giresun University, Turkey, [email protected]

Levent Yaycı

Abstract

The present research aims to examine the effect of the ‘Solution-focused Decision Making

Training Program’ (SFDMTP) which was developed by the researchers to consider the basic

principles of a brief solution-focused therapy approach on the vigilant decision-making of

university students. The research was conducted with 40 students studying at Giresun

University in the 2011-2012 academic year. The 3x3 split plot design, including pretest-

posttest follow-up and control groups, were used in the research. Experimental and control

groups consisting of 16 people each, and a placebo group of 8 people were formed in order

to control the Howthorne Effect. Data regarding the vigilant decision-making of the students

was obtained via the the Vigilant Decision-making Subscale of Melbourne Decision-making

Scale II (VDMSS-MDMS II), which was developed by Mann et al. (1998) and adapted into

Turkish by Deniz (2004). As a consequence, a significant difference was observed between

the vigilant decision-making levels of the university students according to SFDMTP; however

this difference was found to be a short-term difference.

Key Words: solution-focused threapy, decision making, vigilant decision-making, training

programme, brief solution-focused group therapy.

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75

The Impact of Media on Violence Cases in Society

Lala Jabbarova, Baku State University, Azerbaijan, [email protected]

Abstract

Media is one of the main resources that the society receives information from about events

happening around. Media strives to bring light upon realities, cases of aggression and

violence. However, lack of control on quality of information together with its quantity may

result in dangerous consequences.

This article deals with psychological analysis on impact of media on the criminal situation in

the society, as well as connection of crime level with information about aggression and

violence. Also, statistical information has been the subject of the research in the article. The

results of the research indicate that frequent and exaggerated way of passing information

with aggressive character without taking into consideration its possible psychological impact

increases aggression and violence level in the society. Besides, it has been defined that

broadcasting scenes of aggression brings to acceptance of these cases as usual and makes

people get used to them. In order to avoid it, it is important not to remove aggressive

information from Mass Media completely, but present it taking into account their

psychological effect.

Key Words: media, violence, aggression, crime statistics

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Psychometric Properties of Adolescent Resiliency Scale

Sefa Bulut, Turkey, [email protected]

Uğur Doğan

Yunus Altundağ

Abstract

The aim of this research to develop the scale of Adolescent Psychological Resilience , and to

examine the validity and reliability. Research was conducted on 347 students. For construct

validity, exploratory factor analysis was conducted and ıt was found to contained 29 items

and 6 factors of explaining %57 of total variance of scale. In the study of criterion validity, ıt

was found to correlated -.47 with Problem Solving Inventory, -.61 with Beck Hopelessness

Scale and -.46 Locus of Control Scale. İn the reliability study, it was found Cronbach\'s alpha

internal consistency coefficient .87. Alpha values of subscales ranged from .89 to .61.

Second, .87 correlation have been obtained in test-retest reliability study for scale within

one month . At having done other validity study %27 up-down group comparison it was

found that a meaningful difference at all items. Finally ıt was examined the item-total

correlation analysis and correlation was found between .51 to .81.Based on those findings,

we can say The Scale of Adolescent Psychological Resilience that has been developed by the

researchers, can be used in the field of educational and psychology as a valid and reliable

instrument.

Key Words: psychological resilience scale, adolescent, validity, reliability

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77

Vocational Teachers- Lifelong Learners

Jana Petnuchova, Slovakia, [email protected]

Roman Hrmo

Abstract

The article describes importance of education , not only as an initial education for kids,

pupils and students. But mainly for adult – as a part of lifelong learning and development.

People are constantly learning everywhere and at all times. Specially for vocational teachers,

in recent years, there has been a growing appreciation of the importance of learning in non-

formal and informal settings.

The aim of this article is to highlight the definitions and understandings of what counts as

formal, non-formal and informal learning/education. In 1996, the OECD ministers of

education agreed to develop strategies for “ lifelong learning for all”. The concept of “

education from cradle to grave” includes formal, non-formal, and informal learning. What

does it mean non-formal and informal education in practice? What is the implementation of

European Qualifications Framework(EQF) and development of national qualification

framework? What are the keys that teachers learn on the job? What are the motivators for

them to learn?

Contemporary people live and interact in a globalised world- it means, we need global

education- that opens people´s eyes and minds. And recognition of education - non-formal

or informal is an important means for education systems to better match the needs of the

21st century knowledge and open societies

Key Words: education, non-formal education, informal education, lifelong learning,

recognition and validation, perspectives

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78

The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of The Mental Health

Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF)

Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

İbrahim Demirci

Esra Yıldız

Mahir Gülşen

Emre Mızrak

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of The Mental Health

Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF; Keyes, Wissing, Potgieter, Temane, Kruger & Rooy 2008).

MHC-SF measures positive mental health and comprises 14 items ; three items of emotional

well-being, five items of social well-being and six items of psychological well-being.

Participants were 365 university students. The results of confirmatory factor analysis for

MHC-SF indicated that the three dimensional model was well fit and Chi-Square value

(x²=149.83, df=68, p=0.00000) which was calculated for the adaptation of the model was

found to be significant. The goodness of fit index values of the model were RMSEA=.057,

NFI=.93, NNFI=.95, CFI=.96, IFI=.96, RFI=.91, GFI=.94, AGFI=.91 and SRMR=.043. The internal

consistency coefficients of three subscales were .84, .78 and .85 and the overall scale was

.90. The corrected item-total correlations of OCAS ranged from .51 to .64. Factor loadings

ranged from .55 to .79. These results show that MHC-SF is valid, reliable and suitable for

Turkish academic studies.

Keywords: mental health continuum, confirmatory factor analysis, validity, reliability

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79

The Role of Local Authorities and Satisfaction Levels of Partıcipants on the

Subject of Non-Formal Education

Fuat Uzun, Hacettepe University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to specify what the local authorities have done about the subject

of non-formal education and the satisfaction levels of the participants about the professional

and technical education activities of local authorities. This is a descriptive study in screening

model. In this study, there are BELTEK courses (Municipal Technical Education Course

Project) which is organized by the Greater Ankara Municipality in 2011 and analyses of

satisfaction reports which are applied to the people who attended these courses. In the

analyses of these reports: there are frequency and percentage distributions according to the

type of courses and the gender of the participants. And the satisfaction levels of the

participants are analyzed in mean distribution format and interpreted in the light of

relevant literature. The results of the study show that the course arranged are aimed at

employment, beside this, that there are courses aimed at personal development and skill,

65% percent of the participants are male and 35% are female and the satisfaction levels of

the participants are high. As non-formal educations presented by the municipalities are

useful in providing the people with information and skills that rapid change in our age

requires, it will be in good taste to maintain the non-formal education presented by

municipality as part of social municipalism.

Key Words: local authorities, non-formal education

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80

The Relationship between Academic Locus of Control and Achievement Goals

of School Counselor Trainees

Mustafa Baloglu

Hatice İrem Özteke, Konya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Cenk Kiper

Sahin Kesici

Abstract

The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between academic locus of control

and achievement goals of school counselor trainees. The study conducted in survey model

and participants were 127 female (49.8%) and 128 (50.2%) male school counselor trainees.

Participants of study were in the first year of their work life as a school counselor. Trainees’

academic locus of control levels were measured by Academic Locus of Control Scale

(developed by Akin, 2007) and their achievement goals were measured by 2X2 Achievement

Goal Orientations Scale (developed by Akin, 2006). According to results, positive correlations

were found between external academic locus of control and learning-avoidance,

performance –avoidance, performance-approach. Between external academic locus of

control and learning-approach negative correlation was found. There was also negative

correlation between internal academic locus of control and learning-approach.

Key Words: academic locus of control, achievement goal

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81

The Relationship between Social Comparison and Social Anxiety Levels of

Music Teacher Candidates

Sahin Kesici

Zafer Kurtaslan

Hatice İrem Özteke, Konya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Nurtuğ Barışeri

Cenk Kiper

Barbaros Yalçın

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between social comparison and social

anxiety levels of music teacher candidates. The study conducted in survey model and 131

female (55.3 %) 103 male (43.5%) music teacher candidates –university students in the

fourth grade- from different universities in Turkey participate to the research. The music

teacher candidates filled the scales via ‘Survey Monkey’ method which can be answered on

the internet. Participants’ social comparison levels were measured by Social Comparison

Scale (adapted to Turkish by Sahin & Sahin, 1992) and their social anxiety levels were

measured by Social Anxiety Scale (developed by Ozbay & Palanci, 2001). According to

correlation results, there was a negative correlation between social comparison and feeling

of worthlessness. It has also found a negative correlation between social comparison and

social avoidance. No correlation was found between social comparison and being criticized

anxiety.

Key Words: social comparison, social anxiety, music teacher candidate

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82

The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Social Vulnerability

Scale

Hakan Sarıçam, University of Kilis 7 Aralık, Turkey, [email protected]

Recep UYSAL

Azmi Bayram İLBAY

Mehmet ÇARDAK

Ahmet AKIN

Abstract

The aim of this research is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the

Social Vulnerability Scale (SVS; Pinsker, McFarland, & Stone, 2009). Participants were 419

university students from Sakarya University. The results of confirmatory factor analysis

demonstrated that the fifteen items loaded on two factors (credulity and gullibility) and the

two-dimensional model was well fit (x²=283.21, df=84, p=0.00000, RMSEA=.075, CFI=.99,

NFI= .98, RFI=.97, IFI=.99, GFI=.92, and SRMR=.043). Factor loadings ranged from .41 to .91.

The internal consistency coefficients of the scale were .87 and .93, for two subscales,

respectively and .94 for overall scale. The corrected item-total correlations ranged from .38

to .85. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale had high validity and reliability scores.

Keywords: Social Vulnerability, validity, reliability, confirmatory factor analysis.

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83

The Effects of Peace Education on Aggressiveness Levels: A Structural

Equation Model

Ali Serdar Sağkal, Adnan Menderes University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abbas Türnüklü

Tarık Totan

Abstract

Instead of using destructive behaviors like aggression in interpersonal conflicts, it is expected

from students to prefer constructive and peaceful conflict resolution methods. In order to

achieve this aim, it is required that children should acquire peacemaking skills from early

ages. The study carried out in this context examined the effects of peace education program

applied on sixth grade elementary school students on aggressiveness levels. A pretest-

posttest control group quasi-experimental design was used in the research. The sample

included 158 (84 girl, 74 boy) students in the experiment group and 123 (57 girl, 66 boy)

students in the control group. While peace education program developed by researchers

was applied on experiment group; control group received any treatment. Aggression Scale

(Gültekin, 2008) was used to measure aggressiveness levels of students. Items of the scale

considered under the dimensions of reactive and proactive aggression was analyzed by

confirmatory factor analysis and it was concluded that scale consisted of two subscales (χ2=

136.89, df= 89, χ2/df= 1.54, NFI= .94, GFI= .93, CFI= .98, RMSEA= .035). Cronbach-alpha

internal consistency coefficients were determined as .71 for reactive aggression, .77 for

proactive aggression, and .84 for total. Data were analyzed by structural equation model

(Ollsson, 1973) and results revealed that there were significant differences in the students’

aggression levels in favor of experiment group (χ2= 5.53, df= 2, χ2/df= 2.71, GFI= .99, CFI=

.99, RMSEA= .08).

Key Words: peace education, aggression, structural equation model

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84

The Study on Conservatory Students’ Social Anxiety Levels According to their

Sex Roles

Cenk Kiper

Zafer Kurtaslan

Hatice İrem Özteke, Konya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Barbaros Yalçın

Şahin Kesici

Abstract

The aim of this research is to investigate conservatory students’ social anxiety levels

according to their sex roles. The study conducted in survey model and 107 female (54.0%) 91

male (46.0%) conservatory students participate to the research. The data collected via

‘Survey Monkey’ method on the internet. Social Anxiety Scale (developed by Ozbay &

Palanci, 2001) was used to determine their social anxiety levels. Their sex roles were

measured by Bem Sex Role Inventory (Adapted to Turkish by Dokmen, 1991). One way

ANOVA was used to analyze data. According to results, there is a significant difference in

social avoidance –subscale of social anxiety scale-. Students with feminine roles manifest

more social avoidance than students with masculine roles. Also there is a significant

difference in being criticized anxiety –subscale of social anxiety scale-. Students with

feminine roles present more anxiety about being criticized than students with

undifferentiated roles.

Key Words: social anxiety, sex roles

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85

Postgraduate Students’ Satisfaction Level: Example of Hacettepe University,

Department of Educational Sciences, Division of Educational Administration,

Supervision, Planning and Economics

Feyza Gün

Tuğba Turabik, Hacettepe University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

In Turkey the postgraduate education is given in order to achieve numerous aims, such as to

train qualified manpower, to do research, to perceive the social problems in a right way and

develop solutions to the problems, to train scientists or instructors. Well, then, what is the

level of satisfaction of these students who have started for such aims during the

postgraduate education process? Can the students really benefit from the educational

process? Here, this study aims to find answers to level of the pleasure of postgraduate

education students who are studying at Hacettepe University, Department of Educational

Sciences, Division of Educational Administration, Supervision, Planning and Economics

(DEASPE).

This research is a descriptive study which is carried on by using scanning model.

Postgraduate education students of Department of Educational Sciences, DEASPE are the

universe of this research. The research’s sample will be formed by students who are included

the universe, and who will give the answers to surveys that will be sent, according to a

voluntary basis. The students’ opinion will be determined by “the level of student

satisfaction” survey which consists of three dimensions which are: first part is from personal

information, second part is examining the pleasure level, and third part is related with

education and training, instructors and consultancy service.

Key Words: postgraduate education, student, satisfaction level

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86

Depression and Hopelessness in High School and University Students

Ali Haydar Şar, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Mehmet Çardak

Abstract

Depression and hopelessness are important emotional problems that have to be considered

in terms of developmental and educational progress of high school and university students.

The aim of this descriptive study to understand and describe the differences of depression

and hopelessness level according to educational level, sex and department in high school

and university students. The study participants were 1050 high school and university

students. The Beck Depression Scale and Beck Hopelessness Scale were administered to the

students. This research shows that depression and hopelessness level change according to

educational level. High school students have depression and hopelessness than university

students. This research reports that depression and hopelessness level change according to

sex. Female students more depression than male students but male students have more

hopelessness than female students. This research also shows that depression and

hopelessness level don’t change between general high school and vocational high school

students. In addition to this result depression and hopelessness level change according to

the department in university students.

Key Words: depression, hopelessness, high school, university

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87

An Investigation of University Students’ Aggresiveness Levels and Attitudes

towards Spose Beating In Terms of Demographic Variables

Zeynep Hamamcı

Eyyüp Özkamalı

Erhan Tunç

Ahmet Buğa, Gaziantep University, Turkey, [email protected]

Ali Çekiç

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate university students’ aggresiveness levels and

attitudes towards spose beating in terms of demographic variables. The sample consisted of

166 university students (96 female and 70 male). The age range was 18-25 and mean was

21.15 (Sd=1.62). Data were gathered via Aggresiveness Scale and Attitudes Towards Spose

Beating Scale. As a result 19 % of university students reported that they were exposed to

domestic violence, and 22 % university students indicated that they witnessed domestic

violence against women in their family. In this study, it was found that males had more

confirmatory attitudes towards spose beating than females and also those brought up in

towns and villages exerted more conformatory attitudes towards spose beating than ones

brought up in small and large cities. Males’ physical and verbal aggresiveness levels were

higher than females’. Verbal aggresiveness levels of university students who were exposed

to domestic violence in their family were higher than other students who were not exposed

to domestic violence in their family. University students with higher aggresiveness levels

have more confirmatory attitudes towards spose beating than others with low aggresiveness

levels.

Key Words: aggresiveness, violence towards women, university students

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88

Analysing the Relationship between Negative and Positive Emotional

Experiences of University Students andt Life Positions

Sırrı Akbaba

Ahmet Ragıp Özpolat, [email protected]

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between negative and positive emotional

experiences of university students and their positions in life. 2011-2012 school year students

of Erzincan University form the Universe of the study. The students who are selected by the

cluster sample method from the Teacher college of Erzincan university are going to form the

study sample. In the study; \"positive and negative emotion scale\"developed by Watson

and his friends(1988), and adapted in Turkish (2000)by Gençöz and \"life positions scale and

verse form\" developed by Bhost(2002) and adapted in Turkish by İşgör, Kaygusuz and

Özpolat are going to be used. Data obteined from the study are going to be analysed by

proper statistical method for the hypostesis. The symptoms obtained as a result of the

research are going to be discussed and interpreted in accordance with the related literature

and accordingly some kinds of suggestions are going to be stated.

Key Words: life position, positive emotion

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89

Analysing the Relationship between Physcological Well-Being and

Conservative Life Style of the University Students

Sırrı AKBABA

İsa Yücel İşgör, Turkey, [email protected]

Şule ACAR

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between psychological well-being and

conservative life style of the university students. 2011-2012 school year students of Erzincan

University form the Universe of the study. The students who are selected by the mass

sampling method from 5 different faculty of Erzincan University are going to form the study

sample. In the study; \"psychological well-being scale\" developed by Ryff (1989), and

adapted in Turkish by Cenkseven (2004) and \"conservative life style scale\" developed by

İşgör (2011) are going to be used. Data obteined from the study are going to be analysed by

proper statistical method for the hypostesis. The symptoms obtained as a result of the

research are going to be discussed and interpreted in accordance with the related literatüre

and accordingly some kinds of suggestions are going to be stated.

Key Words: psychological well-being, conservative life style, university students

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90

Perceived Parenting Styles and Rejection Sensitivity in University Students

Mustafa Onur, Giresun University, Turkey, [email protected]

Hakan Sarıçam

Birol Alver

Abstract

According to many researchers, parenting styles have a lot of big effects directly or indirectly

on their children’ lives, especially their personality. For example, self esteem, shyness,

academic performance, rejection sensitivity and etc. The present study investigated the

relationship between perceived parenting styles and rejection sensitivity in university

students. The group of study was 360 university students (180 males, 180 females) at the

Giresun University. Personal Information Form, Perceived Parenting Styles Form and

Rejection Sensitivity Scale were used for study. Independent samples T test was used to

determine differences between variables and sub-dimensions and Pearson Product Moment

Correlation Analysis was used to evaluate the relationships of variables. According to

findings, there is an important relationship between perceived parenting styles and rejection

sensitivity. Authoritarian parents’ children have higher rejection sensitivity than other

children. Democratic parents’ children have less rejection sensitivity than other children.

Finally, perceived parenting styles have big effect on their children’ rejection sensitivity.

Key Words: parenting styles, rejection, rejection sensitivity

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91

Counseling and Guidance in Turkey and England

Süleyman Balcı, Gazi University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

Purpose of this study is to compare the Guidance and Counseling Services implemented in

Turkey and England in terms of several aspects. According to this contextual perspective,

examples of Guidance and Counseling Services in Turkey and England will be given under the

following subheadings:

a. education and preparapation of counselors,

b. determination of competencies related with counselors,

c. certification of counselors,

d. applications and practices towards primary and secondary schools,

e. application styles of Guidance and Counseling services for youth and children

f. delivery patterns of Guidance and Counseling services for general population in

Turkey and England.

Moreover, some suggestion will be presented.

Key Words: counseling and guidance services, counseling in Turkey, counseling in England

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92

The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Intimate Violence

Responsibility Scale (IVRS)

Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Mahir Gülşen

Serap Aşut

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to examine validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the

Intimate Violence Responsibility Scale (IVRS; Yun & Vonk, 2011). The sample of this study

consisted of 548 high school students. The results of exploratory factor analysis

demonstrated that the twenty items loaded on four factors (minimization, violence

recognition, partner blaming, and distal blaming). The amount of total variance explained

was 48% and factor loadings ranged from .31 to .86. Similarly, the results of confirmatory

factor analysis indicated that the model was well fit (x²=498.81, df=158, p=0.00000,

RMSEA=.063, CFI=.90, IFI=.90, GFI=.92, and SRMR=.072). The internal consistency reliability

coefficients of the four subscales were .71, .58, .77, and .64, respectively and the corrected

item-total correlations ranged from .26 to .68. Overall findings demonstrated that this scale

had high validity and reliability scores.

Keywords: intimate violence responsibility, validity, reliability

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93

Proactive Personality and Authenticity

Abdullah Akın, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between proactive personality and

authenticity. Participants were 337 university students which are 180 female and 157 male.

In this study, the Turkish version of the Proactive Personality Scale and the Turkish version of

the Authenticity Scale were used. The relationships between proactive personality and

authenticity were examined using correlation analysis. The result were analyzed SPSS 11.5.

Proactive personality correlated positively with authentic living factor of authenticity (r=.31,

p<.01) and negatively with self-alienation (r= -.17, p<.05), and accepting external influence

(r= -.13, p<.05) factors of authenticity.

Key Words: proactivity, authenticity

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94

An Investigation of the Relationships between Personal Growth Initiative and

Authenticity

Abdullah Akın, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

This study aims to examine the possible links between personal growth initiative and

authenticity. Participants were 297 university students’ 159 of whom (57%) were females

and 138 (43%) were males. They were enrolled at a mid-size state University in Turkey. The

Personal Growth Initiative Scale and the Authenticity Scale were used as measures. We

examined using correlation relationship between personal growth initiative and authenticity.

The result were analyzed SPSS 11.5. The end of the result, findings showed that personal

growth ınitiative correlated positively with authentic living factor of authenticity (r=.25,

p<.01) and negatively with self-alienation (r= -.35, p<.01), and accepting external influence

(r= -.20, p<.01) factors of authenticity.

Key Words: authenticity, personal growth

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95

Research on the Effects of Restorative Discipline Model on Peer Bullying and

Violence in High Schools

Ayşe Arzu Hanhan, Izmir, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to establish the prevalence of bullying and violent behaviour

among students of general and vocational high schools of low-medium socio-economic

status; and to evaluate the efficiency of Restorative Discipline Model in solving peer bullying

and violence in a stable and constructive way.

The research employed both qualitative and quantitative research methods and techniques.

To obtain quantitative data the sample group consisted of 561 students of grades 9, 10, 11

and 12 while the group that provided qualitative date consisted of 145 students and 31

various “Restorative Practices” involving bullying or violence problems.

The quantitative data were analysed statistically and content analysis was applied to analyse

the qualitative data. All of the 31 discipline problem cases were solved permanently and

constructively. It can be inferred from the results that the Restorative Discipline Model is an

effective tool for the solution of peer bullying and violence problems in high schools.

Key Words: restorative discipline, peer bullying

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96

Comparison of Mental Health Level of Women Headed Households and

Women 50-70 Years of Retirement in Shiraz

Esmaeil Sadridamirchi, Iran, [email protected]

Elham Behzadi Behzadi

Behnoush Sabayan

Abstract

The present research was aimed at comparing the mental health between retired women

and women that are household in the city of Shiraz, İran. For this purpose, a sample of 524

retired and household women were selected in Shiraz city; Of these 524 participants, 262

are households women and 262 are retired women. The sampling method for this study for

two groups was random sampling. Participants in this study has been asked to complete the

General Health Questionnaire (GHQ,28). The results showed that there is a significant

difference in the average mental health signs between these two groups of women; that is

retired women have better mental health than household women (P<0.000, t=7.875).

Women that were household in Iran, are in need of facilities and interventional programs

aiming to improve general mental health.

Key Words: mental health, women, households, retirement

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97

Leading Level of Turkish Language Teachers to Students for Creative

Activities: A Phenomenological Approach

Merve Suroğlu Sofu, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Havva Yaman

Abstract

This research has been carried out to determine leading level of Turkish language teachers

to their students for creative activities. Qualitative research method; among research

designs, phenomenology technique has been used in the study. Data of the research have

been collected via face-to-face conversations with Turkish language teachers. Content

analysis has been applied to interview records on the purpose of data evaluation. Among

content analysis types, categorical data analysis has been chosen. Categories have been

formed after coding the data and the findings have been interpreted. Our results concluded

that; Turkish language teachers accept some activities, included in the lecture books, as

useful. These activities are particularly the ones releated to reading and writing, filling the

blanks in a text, completing a poem or an essay, composing a story by visual reading of

some given images, creative drama, composition exercises, painting according to a given

story, speaking by choosen words from a concept pool, writing based upon the sensations.

The teachers, on the other hand, principally canalize their students to brain storming,

creative writing and creative speaking activities. Noise in the classroom is the mostly

encountered problem during these implementations. Some suggestions to facilitate

teachers’ leading level for creative activities, have been revealed according to the results of

our study.

Key Words: Turkish language teacher, creative activity

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98

The Adaptation of Career Decision Making Difficulties Questionnaire for High

Schools to 8th Grade Students: The Examination of Factor Structure and

Reliability

Feride Bacanlı, Gazi University, Turkey, [email protected]

Hüseyin Doğan

Zeynep Hamamcı

Abstract

The purpose of present research was to adapt the Career Decision Making Difficulties

Questionnaire (CDMDQ – THS; Bacanli, 2008) to eight students. 880 (412 girls and 462 boys)

students from 8th grade participated in this study. The participants’ age ranged from 13 to

15. Confirmatory factor analysis and Pearson moment correlation coefficient were used to

analyze the data. The results indicated the factor structure of the CDMDQ for eight grade

students was consistent with both the factor structure of the CDMDQ – THS and also with

the theoretical structure. Internal consistensy and test-re test reliabilities of the CDMDQ

were similar to the reliabilities of the original questionnaire. The results were discussed in

terms of related literature and recommendations were made for future research.

Key Words: career decision making difficulties, factor analysis, 8th grade students

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99

The Examination of Factor Structure and Reliability of CDDQ for High School

Students

Feride Bacanlı, Gazi University, Turkey, [email protected]

Hüseyin Doğan

Zeynep Hamamcı

Abstract

The purpose of present research was to re-examine the factor structure and validity of the

Career Decision Making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDMDQ) was adapted to Turkish high

school students by Bacanli (2008) and original the CDMDQ developed by Gati and Saka

(2001), 1370 (706 girls, 649 boys and 15 unknown) students from 9th grade, 1221 (739 girls,

465 boys and 17 unknown) students from 10th grade, 884 (488 girls, 391 boys and 5

unknown) students from 11th grade, and 1268 (748 girls, 510 boys and 10 unknown)

students from 12th grade participated in this study and the total participants were 4743 high

school students. The participans’ age ranged from 12 to 18 years. Comfirmatory factor

analysis and Pearson moment correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. The

results indicated the factor structure of the re-examined CDMDQ for high school students

was consistent with both the factor structure of the original questionnaire and also with the

theoretical structure. Internal consistensy and test-re test reliabilities of the CDMDQ were

similar to the reliabilities of the original questionnaire. The results were discussed in terms

of related literature and recommendations were made for future research.

Key Words: career decision making difficulties, factor analysis, high school students

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100

Secondary Trauma and Media

İsmail Balcı, United States, [email protected]

Abstract

There is an increase in the number of disasters worldwide year by year. According to Ronan

and Johnston (2005) approximately 2 billion people will be affected by disasters by 2050.

Consequences of these disasters are differentiating from posttraumatic stress disorder

(PTSD) to depression and anxiety (Aten, 2011). In DSM-III R (1987), a criterion for PTSD was

“experiencing” an event that is outside the range of usual human experience. However, in

DSM IV (1994), it is described as “the person has experienced, ‘witnessed’, or been

confronted with an event”. With this change on the criteria, indirect exposure to a

traumatic event could be traumatizing by itself and this process called as secondary trauma(

Zurbriggen, 2011). With this new type of trauma, “media” needs an important focus as a way

for people to experience indirect exposure to traumatic events. This review focuses on the

role of media as a cause of secondary trauma.

Key Words: secondary trauma, media, PTSD

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101

It Looks Cloudy in M-Learning: Cloud Computing in Mobile Learning and its

Positive Contributions to Education

Abdulkadir Alsal, Hacettepe University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

By the end of the 20th Century, the developments in computer technology have enabled

the e-learning capability with asynch and interactive synch features; and wireless lan (Wifi-

Wimax) while the other developments in communications technologies (UMTS, EDGE and ¾

G) have led the way to e-learning with more flexible and wider ranges of use.

Especially, at the beginning of the New Millenium, Palmtops with another saying PDA’s,

smartphones and finally hybrid tablets which possess the characteristics of both computer

and smartphone specifications were introduced and become very popular in the market.

This, have transformed e-learning to mobile learning (m-Learning) with ubiquitive

accesabilty. Now M-Learning, with its unique opportunities, has become an indispensible

part of the business and education world.

Cloud computing is a new cost effective and efficient technology making it possible to

implement the m-learning capability which has offered a new dimension in the e-learning

area. In the future It looks cloudy in education sector. In this paper, cloud computing and its

positive contributions which directly support education are going to be discussed in detail.

Key Words: M-Learning, cloud computing, cost-effective

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102

Investigation of the Meanings Attributed by the Senior High School Students

to the Concepts of “School” and “Teacher” according to Some Variables

Nihan Çitemel

Recep Uysal, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The main objective of this desciptive study is to determine the meanings attributed by the

senior high school students to the concepts of “School” and “Teacher” according to the

different variables. The study participants were 111 (77 female and 34 male) senior high

school students. “The Personal Information Form” and “Identification of the Meanings

Attributed to the “Concept of High School” and “Teacher” Questionnaire administered to the

students to collect data. The Questionnaires were developed by the researchers for this

study. The analyses were carried out via SPSS 15.0. The results of this study show that;

1. Senior high school students attribute positive meanings to the concept of “ school.”

2. Female students have more positive attributions to the concept of “school” than male

students.

3. Students perception of socio-economic status affecst the attribution of students to the

concept of “school”

4. Perceived academic achievement affecst the attribution of students to the concept of

“school”

5. Students studying social sciences have more negative attributions to the concept of

“school” than other areas.

6. Senior high school students attribute positive meanings to the concept of “teacher.”

7. Female students have more negative attributions to the concept of “teacher” than male

students.

8. Students perception of socio-economic status affecst the attribution of students to the

concept of “teacher”.

9. Attribution to the concept of “teacher” changes according to perceived academic

achievement.

Key Words: high school, teacher, attribution

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103

The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Online Counseling

Attitudes Scale (OCAS) and the Face-To-Face Counseling Attitudes Scale(FCAS)

İbrahim Demirci

Abdullah Manap

Ali Haydar Şar, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of

The Online Counseling Attitudes Scale (OCAS) and the Face-to-Face Counseling Attitudes

Scale (FCAS) (Rochlen, Beretvas, & Zack, 2004). Participants were 345 (173 were female and

172 were male) university students. OCAS loaded on two factors and the factors w\'ere

named Value of Online Counseling (OC-V) and Discomfort With Online Counseling (OC-D).

FCAS loaded one two factors and these factors were similarly named Value of Face-to-Face

Counseling (FC-V) and Discomfort With Face-to-Face Counseling (FC-D). The results of

confirmatory factor analysis for OCAS indicated that the two dimensional model was well fit

and Chi-Square value (x²=73.87, df=30, p=0.00001) which was calculated for the adaptation

of the model was found to be significant. The goodness of fit index values of the model were

RMSEA=.065, NFI=.96, NNFI=.97, CFI=.98, IFI=.98, RFI=.95, GFI=.96, and SRMR=.060. The

internal consistency coefficients of two subscales were .84, and .80 and the scale was .83.

The corrected item-total correlations of OCAS ranged from .26 to .63. Factor loadings ranged

from .40 to . 87. The results of confirmatory factor analysis for FCAS indicated that the two

dimensional model was well fit and Chi-Square value (x²=75.82, df=34, p=0.00005) which

was calculated for the adaptation of the model was found to be significant. The goodness of

fit index values of the model were RMSEA=.060, NFI=.96, NNFI=.97, CFI=.98, IFI=.98, RFI=.95,

GFI=.96, and SRMR=.066. The internal consistency coefficients of two subscales were .87,

and .76 and the overall scale was .82. The corrected item-total correlations of OCAS ranged

from .26 to .59. Factor loadings ranged from .50 to . 82. Overall findings show that OCAS and

FCAS had high validity and reliability scores and that it may be used as a valid and reliable

instrument in order to assess attitudes toward online and face to face counseling of

individuals.

Key Words: validity, reliability, online counseling

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104

The Strenght of Regional Boarding Primary School Students’ Personality

Traits’ Proceduring of Conflict Resolution Behaviors

Tuba Ceylan, Konya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abdullah Sürücü

Abstract

The purpose of this research is examining what lewel students of YİBO’s personality traits

procedure conflict resolution behaviors. Population is consisting of students in secondary

stages who are receiving education in regional boarding primary schools in Karaman

province. Sample is composed of 325 students who are selected by randomly proportional

group. Datums are collected by “Hacettepe Personality Iventory” that was improved by

Özgüven in 1976 and “Conflict Resolution Behavior Identification Scala” that was improved

by Koruklu in 1998. YIBO students’ general compliance properties are established as a

significant predictor of problem solving and agressive behaviors in conflict resolution.

General compliance properties explains five persent of problem solving behaviors and

thirteen persent of agressive behaviors. On solving problem behavior, the most effective

changeable is family relationship and on agressive behavior the most effective changeable is

antisocial inclinations.

Key Words: YIBO, conflict resolution, personality traits

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105

A Turkish Version of Self-Reflection and Insight Scale

Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Esra Yıldız

Abstract:

The aim of this research is to investigate validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the

Self-reflection and Insight Scale (Grant, Franklin, & Langford, 2002). The sample of this study

consisted of 400 university students. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated

that the two-dimensional model was well fit (x²=486.06, sd=162, p=0.00, RMSEA=.071,

NFI=.93, CFI=.95, IFI=.95, RFI=.91, SRMR=.088). The internal consistency coefficients of the

scale were .87 for self-reflection subscale, .78 for insight subscale, and .87 for overall scale.

The corrected item-total correlations ranged from .30 to .60. Overall findings demonstrated

that Self-reflection Scale had high validity and reliability scores.

Keywords: self-reflection, insight

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106

An Investigation of Identity Status and Risk Taking Relations

Ümit Morsünbül, Aksaray University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

One of the main developmental task in adolescence is identity development (Erikson,1968).

Marcia (1966) proposed the identity status model which is kind of an operationalization of

Erikson’s ideas on identity. Marcia (1966) proposed four identity status. They are

achievement, foreclosure, moratorium and diffusion identity status. It is showed that

adolescents are more likely than adults to engage in risky behavior (Gardner and Steinberg,

2005). According to Erikson (1968) the most important and basic developmental task in

adolescence is construction of identity. In the process of identity construction, adolescents

make a lot of attempts related to life area. Some adolescents arrive at a clear and integrated

identity, others end up in a state of identity confusion. In this process, adolescents show a

lot of risk taking behaviors.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate whether risk taking behavior differs

according to identity status.

A total of 315 adolescents participated in the study. Of these 150 were male and 165 were

female. In this study, Extended Objective Measures of Ego Identity Status (Bennion & Adams,

1986) and Risk Taking Scale (Bayar and Sayıl, 2005) were used.

The results of the study demonstrated that identity status differentiated by risk taking

behavior and males had higher risk taking score than females.

The findings were discussed in the context of identity status and risk taking behavior in

adolescence.

Key Words: identity status, risk taking

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107

The Investigation of Career Indecision of High School Students: Personal

Indecisiveness and Anxiety as Predictors of Career Indecision

Kemal Öztemel, Gazi University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The main purpose of this study is to examine if personal indecisiveness and state-trait

anxiety of high school students predict their career indecision. Additional purpose of the

current study is to investigate effects of the factors (gender, school type, grade level,

decision status, and getting help status) on career indecision of high school students. The

study group consists of 319 (197 female and 122 male) students from 9th, 10th, 11th and

12th grade students in high schools. Career Decision Inventory, Personal Indecisiveness

Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Scale and Personal Information Form were used to collect data.

Multiple Regression Analysis and t test were used to analyze data. Exploratory indecisiveness

scale scores and state anxiety scale scores together accounted for a significant proportion of

the variance (20%) of the career indecision. Exploratory indecisiveness is seen to be the most

powerful predictor of the career indecision. It was found that career indecision scores and

five sub-scale scores of the student have varied significantly when considering decision

status and school type. The findings have been discussed in the light of the literature.

Key Words: career indecision, personal indecisiveness, exploratory indecisiveness,

impetuous indecisiveness, state-trait anxiety, adolescents

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108

Is Our Exam Anxiety Decreased by Growth?

Üzeyir Oğurlu

Recep Uysal, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

Using standart achievement tests in education to evaluate student achievement made a

positive effect on achievement but on the other hand it can raise exam anxiety. The increase

in the amount of standardized testing cause pressure on school administrators, teachers and

parents to raise students’ test scores ( Wren ve Benson, 2004) . The increase in standardized

testing will likely lead to an increase in test anxiety. When achievement test scores are

influenced by test anxiety, the scores can be low than expected.

Standart achievement tests are also used in Turkish educational system. High school

entrance exam (SBS) after primary scool, university entrance exams (YGS-LYS) after high

school and civil servant selection exam (KPSS) after graduation from university are common

standart exams in Turkey. Millions of students enter these exams every year and have exam

anxiety.

This study intends to find out the exam anxiety level of the students who are preparing for

the high school entrance exam (SBS), university entrance exam (YGS-LYS) civil servant

selection exam (KPSS) and compare the exam anxiety levels according to age. The study

participants are going to be 390 students The Test Anxiety Scale adopted to Turkish by Öner

(1986) and personal information form are going to administer to the students. The results

are going to carry out via SPSS 15.0.

Key Words: exam anxiety, growht, SBS, YGS-LYS, KPSS.

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109

Self-Compassion as a Protective Factor for Depression, Anxiety and Stress: A

Research on Turkish University Students

Zumra Ozyesil, Istanbul Arel University, Turkey, [email protected]

Muge Akbag

Abstract

The empirical study aims to examine the predictive power of self-compassion on

depression, anxiety and stress among Turkish university students. The study was designed in

correlative investigation model. A total number of 522 university students (360 female, 162

male) were participated in the study. The data were obtained using the Self- Compassion

Scale (SCS- Neff, 2003) adapted to Turkish culture by Deniz, Kesici & Sümer (2008) ;

Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS- Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) was adapted to

Turkish culture by Akın & Çetin (2007) and a Personal Information Form was prepared by the

researchers. The results showed that there were no gender differences in terms of self-

compassion. Correlation analysis was indicated that self-compassion scores were negatively

correlated with depression (r= -.42, p<.001), anxiety (r= -.37, p<.001) and stress scores (r= -

.46, p<.001). Moreover, as a result of the regression analysis, it was found that self-

compassion scores explained 18% of total variance in depression scores, 14% of total

variance in anxiety scores, and 21% of total variance in stress scores. According to these

results, it was concluded that self-compassion plays a role as predictive factor of depression,

anxiety and stress in university students. The results were discussed in the light of the

related literature.

Key Words: self-compassion, depression, anxiety, stress, university students

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110

Teaching Writing Strategies in Portuguese Language Classes Using The Self-

Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) Model

José Rebelo

Master Sara Ferreira, Coimbra University, Portugal, [email protected]

Maria Isabel Festas

Master Miriam Inácio

Maria Prata

Master Carla Sousa

Albertina Oliveira

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to present some key information about the project “Teaching writing

strategies” (FCT - PTDC/CPE-CED/102010/2008). This project intends to improve writing

skills, and provide instruction support in Portuguese education using evidence-based

practices, to promote students’ educational success in order to diminish the low

achievement, and retention of Portuguese students.

Our main goals are to adapt some of the writing strategies of the Self-Regulated Strategy

Development (SRSD) model (Harris, Graham, Mason, & Friedlander, 2008), specifically the

planning of an opinion essay, and to verify the effects of strategy instruction on writing

performance through a quasi-experimental study involving a sample of 507 8th graders from

six schools in the urban area of Coimbra.

The first results clearly demonstrate an effect size that indicates a magnitude difference

between the two groups. Thus the findings from all assessment procedures show that the

experimental group scores are higher.

Key Words: self-regulated learning, text composition, writing, writing strategies

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111

What Is Happening to the Students on Social Media?

Şefika Şule Erçetin, Hacettepe University, Turkey, [email protected]

Mehmet Menteşe

Abstract

Do you think that social media is harmful to students? Do you think that social media should

be controlled? If your answer to these questions is ‘Yes’ this study is for you. Today,

technology is progressing fast and everyday a new social media tool is popular. To be in

these platforms is getting more and more popular among the students. However, it can be

said that there aren’t many studies on the effects of the social media. In this study the

effects of the social media on the students’ academic and social lives have been handled. In

this study how social media tools and platforms affect the students’ academic and social

lives has been discussed at the focus group meetings with both the students and their

parents. While confirming some information we have, findings indicate that we should also

revise some other information we have.

Key Words: social media, the effects of the social media

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112

Effect of Social Media Addiction to Studets Lives

Şefika Şule Erçetin, Hacettepe University, Turkey, [email protected]

Kenan İli

Abstract

Are being in social media environments and using their tools addictive? If it’s so, under

which conditions does the addiction take place? How does it affect lives? In this study, the

answers to these questions were investigated theoretically and functionally from students’

point of view.

Today, it is argued that students spend majority of their daily lives in the social media. The

possible bad effects of this on students cause a growing concern. In this research, we’ve

studied under which circumstances and conditions the social media tools usage cause

addiction and possible effects of them on student’s daily lives. During focus group works

done with the students, we’ve discussed which social media tools they use, what kind of

environments they are in, patterns of use and frequency. While findings obtained justify the

concerns, they reveal the hints of how this situation may be handled.

Key Words: social media, effect of social media

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113

Leadership in School Management in the Storm of Uncertainty

Nihan Potas, Gazi University, Turkey, [email protected]

Nilay Neyişci

Abstract

Imagine a pilot who is trying to fly an airplane with damaged displays in to a violent storm. In

such a situation, it can be considered that the pilot does not prefer a storm restricting his

vision. However, does the absence of the storm change the situation? Certainly a plane with

hundreds of passengers and damaged displays being on air has already been an unexpected

condition. In such case, consider the passengers. It can be assumed that they think the pilot

had received necessary training for this scenario and could overcome the situation despite

the “storm”.

Just like the pilot, in almost every area the leaders are expected in the “storm” created by

risk and uncertainty to act more consciously and consistently than others and manage the

process as possible with confidence.

First of all, how individual school administrators perceive uncertainty is important to manage

the uncertainty as leaders. Yet sometimes it can be vital as safely landing of airplane by the

pilot despite damaged displays and stormy weather. How school administrators perceive

uncertainty? In this study, 58 school administrators participated voluntarily to the process of

the determination of what individual level uncertainty behaviors are. And based on the

study results we discussed the effect of enhancing the school principals’ level of coping with

uncertainty on constitution of learning together, sharing, cooperation and team spirit.

Key Words: leadership, uncertainty

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114

Turkish Version Resiliance Apraisals Scale: The Study of Validity and

Reliability

Hakan Sarıçam

Azmi Bayram İlbay, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Mehmet Çardak

Recep Uysal

Abstract

Positive self-appraisal may be important in buffering individuals from negative thoughts in

the face of stressful life events .These are appraisals of the individual’s ability to cope with

emotions, solve problems, and gain social support. The aim of this research is to examine the

validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Resiliance Apraisals Scale (RAS; Johnson

et al., 2008). Participants were 350 university students from Sakarya University. Scale is a 12-

item self-report measurement consisting of there sub-scales. Each item was rated on a 5-

point likert scale (1= strongly disagree 5=strongly agree).In this study firstly, the language

equivalency between English and Turkish forms were tested by five philologists and

academicians and along with some corrections this scale was prepared for validity and

reliability analyses. The confirmatory factor analysis was executed to confirm the original

scale’s structure in Turkish culture. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale

was found between .74 and .86. The test-retest reliability scores were vary between .78 and

.89. Also the corrected item-total correlations ranged from .46 to .71. Overall findings

demonstrated that this scale had high validity and reliability scores and that it may be used

as a valid and reliable instrument in order to assess resiliance appraisals of individuals.

Key Words: resiliance, appraisal, validity, reliability, confirmatory factor analysis

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115

Validation and Reliability Study of The Child and Adolescent Scale of

Irrationality (CASI)

Figen Akça

Sertan Kağan

Gülçilem Şahin, Aksaray University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

It is noteworthy that there are limited scales aimed at understanding irrational thoughts in

the rarely-seen children, in our country. It is thought that such a deficiency obstructs

understanding irrational thoughts lying under test-anxieties generated by our country’s

educational system especially in children and adolescents. It is predicted that such a scale

will enable us to search irrational thoughts in children and adolescents and thus be an

important guide for the states as anxiety, depression, and behavioural problems. The Child

and Adolescent Scale of Irrationality (CASI) that developed by Bernard and Cronan (1999)

was prepared considering the theory, in which Ellis propounded the affects of irrational

thoughts on emotions and behaviours. The Scale consists of 49 questions and is in the form

of five-point likert. Researchers have completed the reliability and validation of the scale

following the search they carried out with 567 children and adolescents. In this study, after

the scale was translated from English by 3 field experts, it was translated from Turkish by 3

field experts, then test application was done on a group consisted of 20 students and

especially the incomprehensible elements of expressions were reviewed. Later, CASI was

applied to 500 children and adolescents with Depression Scale for Children (Adapter: Öy,

1991) and Automatic Thoughts Scale (Adapters: Aydın & Aydın, 1990; Şahin & Şahin, 1992)

and its validation studies were done. As reliability studies, test was applied to 110 children

and adolescents two times, 20 days apart. The findings which is obtained during reliability

and validity study support the CASI as reliable and valid.

Key Words: irrational thoughts, children, adolescents, validity and reliability.

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116

Validity and Reliability of the Turkish version of the Curiosity and Exploration

Inventory-II

Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

This study investigated the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the The Curiosity

and Exploration Inventory-II (CEI-II, Kashdan et al., 2009). The sample of study consists of

524 university students. Results of language equivalency showed that the correlations

between Turkish and English forms varied between .65 and .86. The total variance explained

was 44% and factor loadings ranged from .50 to .75. Fit index values of the model were

RMSEA=.028, NFI=.98, CFI=.99, GFI=.98, and SRMR=.033. Internal consistency reliability

coefficient was .72 and test-retest reliability coefficient was .87. These results demonstrate

that this scale is a valid and reliable instrument.

Key Words: validity and reliability, curiosity, exploration inventory

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117

Is It Possible for Teachers to Motivate Their Managers via Their Attitudes?

Sibel Doğan

Nuray Saylan, Turkey, [email protected]

Öznur Özsoy

Abstract

Is it possible for teachers to motivate their managers via their attitudes? Most of the studies

that have been released up to now, are related to the effect of managers’ attitude on the

teachers’ motivation. What would be the opposite situation? What kind of attitudes

belonging to teachers do affect on school administration’s motivation? In our research to

which we have got started with these questions, we have three elementary schools. The

reason for determining these schools was the number of teachers that they employ. Being a

qualitative study, semi-structured interview technique has been adopted. This study aims

demonstrate that the school administrator would be motivated with teachers’ attitudes, to

detect what kind of attitudes would affect the school administrator’s motivation and relate

these finding with the number of teachers.

Key Words: teacher, motivate, managers

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118

The Legal Arrangements for Children at Risk in Turkey (2005 – 2012)

Zehra İlbars, Hacettepe University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine “Who are the children at risk and in this context?

What are the legal arrangements between 2005 and 2012” and in this regard develop new

possible proposals.

Especially in recent years, more intensively in developing countries, the number of children

who are under hard circumstances or at risk is increasing. Children live at risk not only social

situations (suc as uneducated and poor family) throughout the society.

In this study scanning model will be used. All literature will be scanned on this subject and a

comparison will be made. This study will contribute new things to the literature and after all

the scope of children at risk in Turkey will be specified. The public attention will be drawn to

new legal arrangements for children at risk. Findings of this study will contibute to scientific

discussion.

Key Words: children, risk, legal arrangements

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119

Would Drama Be a Method to Improve the Emotional Intelligence of

Candidate Teachers?

Nihan Potas, Gazi University, Turkey, [email protected]

Nuray Kısa

Ayşegül Oğuz

Abstract

Schools are the places where we live many complicated feelings. You should have also lived

moments like; being happy by the hair cressing of your teacher or being frustrated when she

gets angry the times that you have chat with your friend. Nowadays these emotional

experiences –most of them stem from the teacher’ manner- have become an important

isssue to investigate and improving the emotional intelligence of candidate teachers has

become an important issue at teacher training process.

We investigated whether drama can be used as a method to improve the emotional

intelligence of candidate teachers or not by the volunteerly participated candidates in this

experimental study. We will discover if drama effects the emotional intelligence or not by

focusing the candidate teachers with this study’ findings together with you.

Key Words: duygusal zeka, drama

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120

A Study of the Relationship between Resiliency, Religious Belief and Post

Menstruation Symptoms among Single College Students

Esmaeil Sadridamirchi, Iran, [email protected]

Puya Yazdizadeh

Behnoush Sabayan

Abstract

The current research study of the relationship between resilience, religious belief and post

menstrual symptoms (PMS) among single college students in the Ahvaz, İran. The average

age of participants in this study were between 18-28 years. A sample of 230 college student

were selected in Ahvaz city. The sampling method for this study is cluster sample. A 25 item

questioner was developed using the ALPORT model for measuring religious beliefs and a 22

item PMS questioner was used for measuring post menstruation symptoms descriptive

statistic and the Pearson correlation coefficient was used for analyzing the results and the

analysis was carried out at a significant difference of (0.01) .The results showed significant

negative correlation between resilience and PMS. The higher the student\'s resilience, the

rate of PMS decreased. The relationship between religious belief and PMS also showed a

significant negative correlation.

Key Words: resilience, religious beliefs, post menstrual symptoms

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121

The Effect of Parental Attitudes and Negative Automatic Thoughts on

Problem Solving Skills of Adolescents: Where Gender Takes Place?

Seval Erden İmamoğlu, Marmara University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the predictive power of attitudes of parents and

negative automatic thoughts on adolescents’ problem solving skills in terms of gender.

The sample is composed of randomly selected 409 students from seventieth grade primary

school students. The data of the study has been gathered through attitudes of parents’

scale, problem solving skill inventory, and negative automatic thoughts scale. Statistical

analysis of the data has been carried out by Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient

and hierarchical regression analysis.

Results showed that there was a significant relationship among study variables but when the

relationships were examined in terms of gender, differences emerged. The findings of

regression analysis showed that, all kinds of parental attitudes had a predictive power on

confidence in the ability to problem-solving skills and personal control dimensions. However

when negative automatic thoughts were taken into consideration, parental attitudes was

not predictive for confidence in the ability to problem-solving skills. For male adolescents,

the findings indicated that democratic attitude had a predictive power on all dimensions of

problem-solving skills. Moreover, authoritarian parental attitude also predicted approach-

avoidance dimension for boys. Finally, negative automatic thoughts were predictor for

confidence in the ability to problem-solving skills and personal control dimensions for both

gender.

Key Words: parental attitudes, negative automatic thoughts, problem solving skills,

adolescents, gender

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122

The Administrative Problems that Primary School Teachers Have Confronted

During the Duty Service and to Evaluate these Problems in the Context of

Organizational Justice

İlknur Algın, Hacettepe University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

Teachers are obliged to be on duty to help the education carried out successfully in schools.

What the responsibilities and the tasks of the Duty Teacher are clearly stated in the

regulations and special instructions. But it is the responsibility of school administration to

decide the time and the place of the duty service of teachers’ .The purpose of this study is to

determine the administrative problems that primary school teachers have confronted during

the duty service and to evaluate these problems in the context of organizational justice.

The study group in this research comprises 30 primary school teachers who accepted to be

interviewed. It is a descriptive study and the data will be collected through interviews

including at least 6 semi-structured questions. The data will be analyzed through content

analysis and will be reported with frequencies and percentages together with datum by

datum narrations and quotations. Some recommendations will be made concomitant with

the obtained results.

Key Words: duty teacher, duty service, organizational justice

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123

The Views of Educational Supervisors on Their Responsibility for Enabling

Children to Attend School

Zeynep Karaman, Hacettepe University, Turkey, [email protected]

Uğur Karaman

Abstract

The right to education is one of the most fundamental rights that are inalienable for

children. To take necessary action on this issue might be possible through both enabling

children to attend school and also making them take maximum advantage of educational

facilities that are responsive to present and future needs of children. Absenteeism (non-

attendance) may lead to a process that might hinder children’s right to education and even

result in children’s dropouts. To enable children to attend school is a common responsibility

of all education stakeholders. To put a stop to school absenteeism might be possible via

raising awareness of all education stakeholders and their common effort and attempt in

order to work off the reasons of absenteeism. Educational supervisors are responsible for

enabling children attend school and monitoring this process. This research is aiming to

determine correlation between the views of educational supervisors on their responsibility

for enabling children and their demographic characteristics. Among demographic

characteristics: educational supervisors’ age group, education level, gender and length of

service will be taken into account.

Key Words: right to education, educational supervisors, school attendance

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124

The Assessment of Exposure to Violence and Anger Levels of Athletes

Elif Karagün, Kocaeli University, Turkey, [email protected]

Çiğdem Çağlayan

Abstract

The purpose of this study, to explore exposure to violence and to evaluate its relationship

with the level of anger of athletes

This descriptive study of 131 athletes in any sport club and socio-demographic

characteristics of violence in the form of information that determines the State-Trait Anger

Scale was applied.

53.4% of athletes surveyed were male, 46.6% women, mean age 20.9±2.9; 77.1% of athletes

(101) exposed to violence, of which 87.1% sports media, while 12.9% reported non-sports

environments. psychological violence is the most common type of violence(50.4% ). Have an

important role in the education of athletes coaches, most athletes coaches were practicing

violence. Anger levels were analyzed, the total average score of anger, in exposed to

violence athletes 73.5±8.9, and non exposed athletes 67.9±7.3 is found and this difference

was also found to be statistically significant.

Violence is widespread violence in sports environments, in which anger scores of athletes

who are high. For this reason, informed about the issue of violence in sport coaches

education is important.

Key Words: training of athletes, violence, athletes, anger

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125

An Analysis of University Students’ Acceptance Levels of Dating Violence

Ahmet Yumuşak, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Turkey, [email protected]

Şefika Sürücü

Abstract

Dating is generally described as an agreement which describes the expectations of men and

women, having potential for a romantic relationaship, in bilateral relations that is coherent

with the expectations and gender roles , (Rose & Frieze, 1993). The intentional sexual

physical and phychological attack of someone, who is flirting with an other person, is called

dating violence. This definiton is consistent with the description of World Health

Organisation (2002) “Intentional use of physical violence and force against his self, another

person or a group or a community and possibly resulted in injury, psychological harm, or

loss or which are likely to result in them. This study aimed to betray the university students’

acceptance levels of dating violence and compare the men’s and women’s acceptance levels

of violence. Therofore, this research is important about betraying the differentiation of

perceptions related to the violence in univercity students’ emotional relationships. The

sample of the research is consist of 4 grade students of a university in Central Black Sea

Region. Acceptance of Couple Violence Scale, adapted to Turkish by Sezer in 2008, is applied

to the participants.

Key Words: violence, dating violence, emotional relationship, emotional violence in the

relationship

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126

Analysis of Using Social Media Habits of Academics

Şefika Sürücü, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Turkey, [email protected]

Ahmet Yumuşak

Abstract

Social Media is called “ the whole of the web-based applications on Web 2.0, that allow to

produce and develop ideological and technological contents, structurings in a user centered

way” (Kaplan ve Haenlein, 2010). People use social media as a tool to get news and to

communicate with friends (Bostancı, 2010). The research made by the researchers examine

the social media usage habits of academics and their preferences in usage of social media.

This research is important in revealing the social media usage habits of academics who

works in university. The study group of this research is consist of the 20 volunteer

academics that accept using social media and works in a faculty of university in Central Black

Sea Region. In this study a form was prepared by researchers to determine social media

habits of academics. This form was given to 3 volunteer academics in each faculty who use

social media. This form is consist of questions about demographic information, closed-ended

questions about determining the social media usage habits and preferences. The data will be

analyzed using content analysis method and the findings discussed according to the

literature.

Key Words: social media, habits of academics

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127

Developing a Program for Overcoming Academic Procrastination for

University Students: A Pilot Study

Meryem Demir, Anadolu University, Turkey, [email protected]

Ayşe Sibel Türküm

Abstract

Students have to fulfill their responsibilities with managing time in order to be successful

during university education. But some behavior styles or habits intercept them to be

successful at university education. One of this behavior styles or habits is academic

procrastination. Academic procrastination is putting off preparing for exams, doing

homework and administrative work without a reason until getting anxious. Because of the

negative results of academic procrastination such as academic failure, anxiety, depression,

the researches to reduce academic procrastination are important. A few research were

made in Turkey indicate that university students exhibit of academic procrastination

behavior. But there isn’t any research about counseling to overcome academic

procrastination in Turkey. This research is include of processing to develop overcome to

academic procrastination program in accord with Turkish culture. This program is eight

sessions and include cognitive, motivational and skill dimensions of academic

procrastination. Also this program include using technics such as role playing, behavior

practice and homework and using video, films. This program carried out with eight students

at Anadolu University.

Key Words: overcoming academic procrastination, counseling, group program

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128

The Relationship between Early Separation Anxiety, Attachment Styles and

Adjustment

Erdal Hamarta

Engin Deniz, Selçuk University, Turkey, [email protected]

Coşkun Arslan

Bülent Dilmaç

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between early separation anxiety,

attachment styles and adjustment. The participants of study are 158 female and 105 male

university students. Their ages are between 17-19 and age means are 18.66 (Ss:0.51). To

collect data personal information form, The Separation Anxiety Symptom Scale (Ceyhan,

2000), Raynolds Adolescent Adjustment Screening Inventory (adapted to Turkish by Meric,

2007) and The Inventory of Experiences on Close Relationships (Sumer, 2006) were used.

According to results, there is a significant positive correlation between early separation

anxiety and adjustment –high points state general adjustment of people- (r=.26, p<.001).

There is also significant positive correlation between early separation anxiety and avoidance

- dimension of attachment styles- (r=.13, p<.05). Another significant positive correlation

between early separation anxiety and anxiety -dimension of attachment styles- (r=.40,

p<.001) was found. These results show that early separation anxiety correlate with

adjustment and attachment styles.

Key Words: anxiety, attachment styles and adjustment

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129

The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Personal Self-concept

Questionnaire (PSCQ)

Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Esra Yıldız

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to examine validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the

Personal Self-concept Questionnaire (PSCQ; Goñi, Madariaga, Axpe, & Goñi, 2011). The

sample of this study consisted of 400 university students. The results of exploratory factor

analysis demonstrated that the eighteen items loaded on four factors (self-fulfillment,

autonomy, emotional adjustment, and honesty). The amount of total variance explained was

50% and factor loadings ranged from .29 to .76. Similarly, the results of confirmatory factor

analysis indicated that the model was well fit (x²=323.11, df=125, p=0.00000, RMSEA=.063,

CFI=.92, IFI=.92, GFI=.92, and SRMR=.070). The internal consistency reliability coefficient of

the scale was .64 and the corrected item-total correlations ranged from .28 to .53. Overall

findings demonstrated that this scale had sufficient validity and reliability scores.

Keywords: validity and reliability, personal self-concept questionnaire

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130

Music Therapy Seljukian and Ottoman Hospitals

Gülşen Erdal, Turkey, [email protected]

İlknur Erbaş

Abstract

The research is a survey model and consists of surveys for music therapy practices in the

period of Ottomans and Seljukians is assessed as the first serious music therapy practices.

The survey model is a research approach which aims to describe a past or present situation

as it exists. In the survey, the individual or the object which is subject to the research is tried

to be described as it exists and in its own circumstances

Music therapy, has gained a valid seat today with the methods Turkish people developed

through hospitals built in accordance with this treatment method in Seljukian and Ottoman

period. Famous Turkish scientists and doctors also endeavoured a lot in music therapy made

with the tunes used in Turkish music and (made with) instruments. In building darüşşifas

which was used to reach the aim of music therapy especially used to treat mental patients in

Seljukians and Ottomans, the requirements of this treatment were also considered. Thus,

Turkish people lit the way for the development of music therapy centuries ago.

Key Words: music therapy, seljukian and ottoman hospitals

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131

Emotional Problems of University Students – A Srı Lankan Study

Mangalika Hettiarachchi, [email protected]

Abstract

Weight given for counselling in Sri Lankan Universities was very low until recent times. In

1998, the first personal counselling unit was established at the University of Kelaniya and

this descriptive research presents the data gathered over 13 years from students (1500) of 4

Faculties. Equal percentage of male (49.7%) and female (50.3%) first year students have

come for counseling; 96% of them were from rural areas and the emotional problems of

them were related to low family income, difficulty in adjusting to the university environment

with English language barrier. Separated parents and feeling of rejection were the common

problems of city students. From the second year, majority of female students (74%) have

come for counselling and the major issues were connected to relationship problems.

Common emotional problems encountered by the final year students were pressure of

academic work and uncertainty about the future. As these stress factors are inevitable

counselling could support the students to develop balanced personalities.

Key Words: emotıonal problems, university students

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132

Views of Educational Managers on Stress Management Working in The Body

of Province Directorate of National Education: Çanakkale Case

İlknur Maya, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Universty, Turkey, [email protected]

Ş. Şule Erçetin

Abstract

Compared to the previous centuries, twentieth century facilitated mobility and speed to

humans, and enabled them to work in race and in change and thus lead their lives (Norfolk,

quoted by Ertekin, 1993). Therefore, the word stress has become an indispensable part of

both daily life and organisational life. This research aims at displaying in which issues

educational managers experience stress and how they manage the stress. The research,

which is in the form of qualitative design, uses the interview method. The study group was

composed of eight educational managers- namely, the province manager of national

education, vice managers and department managers. The research uses a semi-structured

interview form since it aims to collect in-depth data. The data collected were analysed on

the basis of pre-determined themes according to the questions. The research has found that

educational managers suffer from stress due to change, too much work load, injustice in the

distribution of duties, illegal/ out-of- legislation applications, staff’s incorrect/ insufficient

fulfillment of duties, financial scarcity, imbalance of authority-responsibility, and top

managers’ authoritarian attitudes. On the other hand, educational managers were found to

employ individual methods rather than organisational methods in managing the stress, and

it was found that they did not receive expert support.

Key Words: educational managers, stress management, national education

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133

Kazım Karabekir Pasha’s Studies for Musical Education During World War I

and National Struggle

Ayşegül Dinç, Erzincan University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

Kazim Karabekir Pasha, who lived during a period that changes occurred in all layers

consisting culture as well as Turkish geographical boundaries, took place in many stages of

the change and was one of the leading figures not only in military field, but also in social

areas such as education. Karabekir Pasha; as commander, educator and leader; had the

opinion that the most important factor of a nation’s success is education. He made great

contributions in the field of education as well as military achievements of Turkish Nation.

Karabekir Pasha; who could see very much beyond the days of his present age and could

transfer his perspective broadness of vision to educational policy; kept music at a very

important point and started fine arts education in schools which he built.

In this study, it’s aimed to attract attention on Karabekir Pasha as a commander, statesman,

educator, and on his applied music education programs by describing music education in

schools which he built in accordance with his educational opinions within the atmosphere of

World War I and the National Struggle.

Key Words: musical education, program

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134

Examining University Students’ Self-Compassion and Compassionate Love

Levels in Terms Of Perceived Parental Attitudes

Mehmet Kaya

Halime Eker, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between university students’ self-

compassion and compassionate love levels and perceived parental attitudes. An another

purpose of this research is to examine the differences self-compassion, compassionate love

and perceieved parental attitudes in terms of gender, number of siblings, birth order and

perceived income status.

The sample of this study was composed of 326 undergraduate students from different

departments of the University of Sakarya. 230 female and 96 male took part. The Parental

Attitude Scale, Self-Compassion Scale, Compassionate Love Scale and data collection form

were used as measurement instrument.

In consequence of this research it’s found out that there are significant relations between

self-compassion, compassionate love and parental attitudes. It has been found the students

had high level self-compassion who perceived parental attitudes as democratic and low level

self-compassion who perceived parental attitudes as authoritative and protective. The

students had high level compassionate love who perceived parental attitudes authoritative

and protective. It has determined that perceived authoritative and protective parental

attitudes differ in terms of gender, democratic parental attitudes differ in terms of number

of siblings and compassionate love level differs in terms of gender. It has emerged that there

is a negative relationship between self-compassion and compassionate love.

Key Words: self-compassion, compassionate love, perceived parental attitudes

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135

Guide Teacher Perceptions of Gazi University Students

Hasan Bacanlı, Gazi University, Turkey, [email protected]

Nazife Üzbe

Abstract

The individuals behave and respond as based on the perception in their minds. As related to

guide teacher, the individuals will behave and respond according to the guide teacher

perceptions in their minds. In this framework, determining the individuals’ guide teacher

perceptions and the important traits of the ideal guide teacher is important. In this study,

the guide teacher perceptions of the students at various departments of Gazi University are

determined. Sıfatlara Dayalı Kişilik Testi (SDKT; Adjective Based Personality Test) which

developed for measuring personality traits according to big-five personality theory, is used.

The obtained results are analyzed in the base of the departments and their implications are

discussed.

Key Words: guide teacher, guide teacher perception, SDKT

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136

Quadruple Thinking as Preventive Guidance Activity

Hasan Bacanlı, Gazi University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The task of education is to teach good thinking, not to give information or to get the

students acquired much knowledge. Quadruple Thinking (QT; Dört Katlı Düşünme Modeli)

developed to fulfill this purpose, suggests that four thinking forms (critical, creative, caring

and hopeful) have to teach and to be handled together. QT as thinking education model, is

constructed as comprising guidance and counseling services as well as education. QT is both

an attempt to make useful the basic techniques of cognitive therapy in education as self-

correction activities and a way to look well and positively to the students’ self, the others,

the affairs and the nature in the frame of preventive guidance. In this study, the similarities

and common features of QT to cognitive psychotherapy were described and it is possible

implications as preventive guidance activity is emphasized.

Key Words: quadruple thinking, thinking education, preventive guidance

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137

Preferences of Turkish Learners of Efl in Developing Reading Skills at B1

(Threshold) Level

Özkan Kırmızı, Hacettepe University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

This study aims at scrutinizing the preferences of freshman Turkish learners of English at B1

(Threshold) level regarding the Common European Framework. For this reason, a

questionnaire was designed by the researcher and validated by the experts of the field in

various universities in Turkey. Then, it was administered to 100 learners at Başkent

University. The results were analyzed by the help of SPSS 11.0. Then, relying on the findings

obtained in this study, a bank of reading passages was built up as a result of extensive search

from many sources. These passages were evaluated on the basis of a number of criteria and

the ones to be used in developing reading skills were selected. The selected passages were

categorized under the seven most favorite themes determined by the questionnaire and an

additional unit ‘business’ was added. As a result, a syllabus containing eight units was

suggested.

Key Words: reading skills, freshmen Turkish learners of English, B1 (threshold) level, the

common european framework

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138

The Language Policy of Kemal Atatürk in 1928, the Change of Arabic Script to

Latin Alphabet

Özkan Kırmızı, Hacettepe University, Turkey, [email protected]

Gülay Sarıçoban

Abstract

This study tries to explore the language policies of Kemal Atatürk, the founder of Turkish

Republic, in 1928 by referring to the changes from Arabic Script to Latin Alphabet. At the

outset a brief introduction is given and then the birth and development of the revolution is

given with special reference to the situation of the Turkish language before the

establishment of the republic and at the time of the republic. Next the stages of the Turkish

Language reform are analyzed in terms of aims, the new script, early republican era, and

script reformation as language policies. After that Kemalism and language reform and the

results have been examined. At the end of the study gains and drawbacks of the reform are

discussed.

Key Words: language policy, Kemal Atatürk, Arabic script, Latin alphabet

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139

The Use of Humor in Psychological Counselling

Bahtiyar Eraslan Çapan, Anadolu University, Turkey, [email protected]

Erdal Baştaş

Abstract

Humour is the ability of a person to see the funny side in situations and it is an integral part

of human behaviour and everyday life. Research has shown that humor holds valuable

power to increase psychological well-being. Purpose of the study is to examine the use of

humor in psychological counseling. For better understanding of the use of humor in

counseling, concept of humor, the place of humor in human life and humor theories are

given. Focused on the purposes for which humor is used by the client and counselor in

counseling, emphasized on appropriate uses of humor and how it can benefit the

therapeutic relationship.

Key Words: humor, psychological counselling, psychological counsellor

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140

The Relationship between Depression and Resilience: An Emprical Research in

Terms of Some Variables on University Students

Uğur Gürgan, Balıkesir University, Turkey, [email protected]

Hatice Dursun

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between depression and resilience

among undergraduate students from International University of Sarajevo (IUS) and

International Burch University and Necatibey Education Faculty at Balıkesir University.

The sample of the study consisted of 472 students (242 female and 230 male); 187 of them

from International University of Sarajevo and 16 of them from International Burch University

and 269 of them from NecatibeyFaculty of Education at Balıkesir University. In this study that

has a descriptive quality; frequency, arithmetic mean, independent t-test and variance

analysis are used in order to analyze the data. A demographic data form developed by the

researcher, The Beck Depression Inventory (Beck et al., 1979), and Resilience Scale (Gürgan,

2006) were used to collect data.

The results demonstrated that there is significantly negative correlation between depression

and resilience. Further, no significant difference was found between female students and

male students in their both depression and resilience levels.

This study has been conducted on Turkish undergraduate students who study in

International University of Sarajevo and Balikesir University in order to examine the

correlation between their level of depression and resilience. Gender differences have been

also examined. Beck Depression Inventory and Resilience Scale were applied to those

students in order to analyze those relationships. The results of this study have demonstrated

that there is a negative correlation between depression and resilience among undergraduate

students.

Key Words: depression, resilience, university students

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141

Turkish version of the Beliefs about Emotions Scale (BES)

Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Umran Akın

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to examine validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Beliefs

about Emotions Scale (BES; Rimes & Chalder, 2010). The sample of this study consisted of

363 university students. The results of exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that the

twelve items loaded on one factor. The amount of total variance explained was 33% and

factor loadings ranged from .30 to .62. Similarly, the results of confirmatory factor analysis

indicated that the model was well fit (x²=88.34, df=51, p=0.00092, RMSEA=.044, NFI=.90,

CFI=.95, IFI=.96, GFI=.96, SRMR=.050). The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the

scale was .71 and the corrected item-total correlations ranged from .27 to .45. Overall

findings demonstrated that this scale had sufficient validity and reliability scores.

Keywords: beliefs about emotions scale, validity and reliability

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142

Comparison of the Ways of Thinking and Creative Thinking Skills Of Social

and Mathematical Sciences Students during Problem Solving Process

Esra Aslan, Marmara University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

This research aims to study the differences, if any, in the ways of thinking of the students

studying social and mathematical sciences while solving the problems that require social or

analytical thinking and to analyze the relationship between problem solving approaches and

creative thinking skills. The research data were obtained from 243 undergraduates; 138 in

social sciences and 105 in mathematical sciences. As data collection tools, social and

analytical-theme problem scale, Torrance Creative Thinking Tests and demographical

information form were used.

It was observed that there are some differences between students’ ways of thinking in

problem solving and there is a relation between score types of creative thinking skills and

the approaches for problem solving. Some differences were found in favor of mathematical

sciences students in both problems that require social analytical thinking skills.

Key Words: problem solving approach, creative thinking, problem solving in social sciences,

problem solving in mathematical sciences

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143

Father Training Program for Promoting Self-Determination of Adolescents

Ercan Kocayörük, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

Self-determination is a combination of skills, knowledge and the beliefs that enables a

person to engage in goal-directed, self-regulated and self determined. The importance of

parent for adolescent to development and the expression of self-determination has been

increased. Therefore, the main purpose of the study is to examine the effectiveness of father

Training (FAT), based on the self-determination point of view through evaluating the effects

of the training, if any, on themselves and on the relations with their children. The evaluation

form was designed by the researcher and contained separated two parts. First one is

designed to rate the training process and the trainer, and second part designed to evaluate

the training by answering the following five open-ended questions: a) In what ways have you

been affected by the group work? b) Could you please explain your thoughts and emotions

during the meetings? c) What was the most important or valuable topic for you in the

training? Why? d) What have you learned about yourself as a father and e) What have you

learned about your interaction or relationship with your children? The parent evaluation

forms were completed during the final week of the program. Content analysis was then used

to analyze the information provided. The findings study revealed that the training helped

fathers to develop more positive interactions with their children. Fathers reported in the

evaluation form that they attempted to apply new communication skills in the relation with

their children. Specifically, fathers indicated that new communication skills such as “I

messages”, “active listening”, “body language” and “expressing feelings” were useful

techniques to be applied in the relation with their children.\'\'

Key Words: father training, self-determination, adolescents

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144

Discrimination Against Women in Education

Mehmet Murat, Gaziantep University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract

The present study aims to highlight the perception of students about such important issues

as discrimination against women, violence surfaced as a result of discrimination, alienation,

inequality between women and men, and women’s isolation from the work life. A total of 50

students participated in the study. Individual interviews were conducted. The interview

transcriptions were inductively analyzed, and categories and codes were discovered. The

results indicated that the students believed that because of cultural reasons, it is not proper

to remove traditional roles of women and men from course materials. They maintained that

equal opportunities must be provided for women to actively attend sports and physical

education for the assurance of equality.

Key Words: discrimination against women, gender inequality, violence, students’ beliefs,

isolation.

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145

Substance Habits in Kosovo

Ramazan Abaci

Berkant Başa, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Nalan Kazaz

Abstract

The goal of this study is to examine the substance habits in Kosovo. By using an inductive

and multi-level method approach and looking at various dimensions of psychoactive

substance use the RAR has contributed a better understanding of both the extent and nature

of psychoactive substance use in Kosovo. The data presented in RAR 2008 can be used to

track youth psychoactive drug use over time and also, to compare rates of use among youth

worldwide. The data reported in this survey indicate that drugs are available in Kosovo and

all types of drugs are being used by Kosovo youth. The use is occurring in an environment

with very limited prevention and treatment options. All types of psychoactive substances are

found to be used by all ethnicities in Kosovo. Report ends with a set of recommendations

based on the findings from the survey on psychoactive substance use among young people,

injection drug users, and prisoners in Kosovo.

Key Words: substance, habits, Kosovo, RAR, assessment, overdose, dru-method

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146

Teaching English as a Foreign Language in the Algerian University

Hanane Sarnou, University of Mostaganem, Algeria, [email protected]

Abstract:

The issues addressed in this work concern primarily the understanding of the LMD

(henceforth Licence/Bachelor, Master, doctorate) as a new reform, which has been recently

introduced for basic higher education in Algerian Universities and their influence on

Teaching English as a Foreign Language. Through this paper, we seek to look at how the LMD

system influences too much our understanding and learning. This will contribute to improve

the way of studying the process of learning and teaching English Language, and to contribute

to new curriculum development and understanding language in use pragmatically. In this

work, we shall first refer to the impact of the LMD system on EFL in the current linguistic

scene which is due to the efforts dedicated mainly by language policy makers.

Keywords: LMD, teaching, learning, EFL, university

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147

Investigating the Prospective Teachers’ Level of Adjustment in Terms of

Perceived identity, Values and Needs

M. Yüksel Erdoğdu, Sabahattin Zaim, University, [email protected]

Abstract:

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the prospective teachers’ level of adjustment

in terms of perceived identity, values and needs. Method: The searching group include a

total of 273 prospective teachers, 178 of whom are females and 95 of whom are males.They

are either working as paid teachers in the state schools within the boundaries of the Istanbul

Metropolitan Municipality or they are attending Public Personnel Selection Examination

(KPSS) courses. All of them volunteered to participate in the study. The Hacettepe

Personality Inventory and a questionnaire developed by the researcher were administered

to the participants. T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze

the data obtained. Findings: Those who perceive themselves as having the “foreclosed

identity status” and “diffused identity status” have a more intense personal and social

maladjustment. It is observed that those with spiritual values experience a more intense

personal maladjustment compared than those with power values. More intense adjustment

problems are observed in prospective teachers with high needs for status and prestige with

high needs for love and to be loved by other people. Conclusion: Teachers are the keystones

of education and learning. Therefore, they need to solve their adjustment problems so that

they can raise healthy and quality generations.

Keywords: adjustment, identity, value, need

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148

Examination of the Relationship between Core Self-Evaluations and Affective

Commitment of Academicians

Barış Özkırış, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract:

The primary purpose of this research is to study the relationship between core self-

evaluations and affective organizational commitment and the mediating effects of job

satisfaction on this relationship in the context of academicians ranging from ages 20 to 70

working in a state university (Marmara University) and private university (Maltepe

University) in Istanbul. The secondary purpose of this study is to observe the relations

between core-self evaluations and job satisfaction, between job satisfaction and affective

commitment as well as the relations between demographic characteristics and core-self

evaluations, job satisfaction and affective commitment. One of literally contribution of this

research is to test and evaluate the relation between core-self evaluations and affective

organizational commitment in Turkey. The other contribution of this research to the

literature is to test and evaluate the relation between core-self evaluation and affective

commitment in the context of academicians. The research population consists of

academicians worked in the state universities and private universities in 2011 in Istanbul.

And the sample of research is composed of 309 academicians aged 20 up to 70 and picked

out with a convenience sampling method from academics working in a state university

(Marmara University) and a private university (Maltepe University). Research data are

limited to data collected through “core-self evaluation inventory”, “job satisfaction index”,

“affective commitment inventory” and the personal information form which is prepared by

researcher. Surveys were answered over internet.

Keywords: core-self evaluations, job satisfaction, affective organizational commitment

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149

Professionals in the Field of Psychological Counseling Opinions on Music

Therapy

Fahri Sezer, Balıkesir University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract:

Music therapy been used in different ways as a means of treatment applied from ancient

times, to treat psychological disorders. Music and importance given to the psychological

effects of today it deserved in an effort to find. Music to reduce the psychological

discomfort, accelerate learning, increase yield such as, is utilized in many fields. Music

therapy practice in our country, there are few studies particularly in the field of social

sciences. In order to draw attention to this topic professionals working in the field of

psychological counseling opinion regarding the use of music as a therapeutic tool, whether

to contribute psychological counseling in the field of music therapy this study was conducted

to determine the thinking about. For this purpose, survey questions sent to field workers on

the subject and answered surveys were analyzed using percentage and frequency values.

Keywords: music, therapy, psychological counseling

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150

Assessing Needs for Conflict Resolution Skills and the Skills of Managing

Conflict Situations

Nermin Koruklu

Tarık Totan

Ali Serdar Sağkal, Adnan Menderes University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract:

Conflict refers to a controversial situation which occurs between two and more people, or

two and more groups because of incompatible goals (Deutsch, 1973). It is seen that

depending on their knowledge, skills, and attitudes, individuals choose either destructive or

constructive conflict resolution methods (Deutsch, 2006; Johnson & Johnson, 1995). While

constructive conflict resolution method enhances the relationships between conflicted

parties, and provide mutual benefits, and satisfaction; destructive conflict resolution method

not only damage the relationship between parties but also cause negative psychological

effects on individuals. The aim of this research was to examine factor structure of Conflict

Resolution Scale developed by Smith, Daunie, Miller, and Robinson (2007). Scale consists of

two parts; first part includes 25 items determining the needs for conflict resolution skills and

the second part includes 22 items assessing the effective behaviors of students in conflict

situations. In original form of scale, it is indicated that both part of the scale can be

evaluated multidimensionally. By using convenience sampling method, research sample

consisted of 388 secondary school students in the city center of Aydın from three different

middle schools. Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the theoretical model of scale for

both parts and internal consistency coefficients ranged from .81 to .93. Research results

reveal that Conflict Resolution Scale consisting of two parts can be used to assess conflict

resolution skills and processes.

Keywords: conflict resolution skills, validity, reliability

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151

Adaptation of Authenticity Scale to Turkish: A validity and Reliability Study

Tahsin İlhan, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Turkey, [email protected]

Yalçın Özdemir

Abstract:

In this study were investigated psychometric properties of Turkish version of the

Authenticity Scale developed by Wood et al. (2008). The current study was carried out in

two steps. In the first step the Turkish version of the scale were administered 165 (97

women, 68 men) undergraduate and pedagogic formation students. In order to examine

factor structure of the scale exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed.

In the second steps of the current study 240 (161 women, 79 men) undergraduate students

participated and concurrent validity of the scale was investigated. For this purpose

Satisfaction with Life Scale, Positive-Negative Affect Schedule, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale

and Need Satisfaction Scale (only autonomy subscale) were used. Exploratory factor analysis

showed that The Turkish version of the Authenticity Scale had same factor structure and all

items loaded into same factors. Each three factor (Self-Alienation, Accepting External

Influence and Authentic Living) explained 52.2% total variance of the scale. Also

confirmatory factor analysis provided good fit ind

IFI=.96 GFI=.92). Each subscale was significantly related to self-esteem, subjective well-being

and need satisfaction (i.e. autonomy).

Keywords: authenticity, validity, reliability

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152

School Counselors’ Views and Experiences on Uses of Silence in Counseling

Process

Tahsin İlhan, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Turkey, [email protected]

Yusuf Sarıkaya

Abstract:

In order to investigate school counselors’ views and experiences on uses of silence in

counseling sessions 14 counselors were interviewed. For this purpose 12 open-ended

questions were worded by the authors. Results showed that participantslargely thought

silence had positive contributions on counseling process. According to participantssilence

gave time for the clients gained insight and gave opportunity to think for counseling

processfor the counselors. Most of the participants agreed that silence was a situation that

aroused spontaneously rather than a technique in the process. A majority of participants

thoughtthat silence rarely occurred in initial stages of counseling sessions, it mostly

happenedwhen a therapeutic relationship between counselor and client became stronger.

Also the results implied that counselors were not aware of their feeling and emotions during

silence, they mostly used the silence to look over the counseling process. A majority of

participants reported that they did not receive any training on uses silence in counseling

sessions. The participants also expressed that they got morecompetency when they got

more experiences.

Keywords: silence, school counselor, counseling competencies

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153

Views of Educational Managers on Stress Management Working in the Body

of Province Directorate of National Education: Çanakkale Case

Ş. Şule Erçetin, Hacettepe University, Turkey, [email protected]

İlknur Maya

Abstract:

Compared to the previous centuries, twentieth century facilitated mobility and speed to

humans, and enabled them to work in race and in change and thus lead their lives (Norfolk,

quoted by Ertekin, 1993). Therefore, the word stress has become an indispensable part of

both daily life and organisational life. This research aims at displaying in which issues

educational managers experience stress and how they manage the stress. The research,

which is in the form of qualitative design, uses the interview method. The study group was

composed of eight educational managers- namely, the province manager of national

education, vice managers and department managers. The research uses a semi-structured

interview form since it aims to collect in-depth data. The data collected were analysed on

the basis of pre-determined themes according to the questions. The research has found that

educational managers suffer from stress due to change, too much work load, injustice in the

distribution of duties, illegal/ out-of- legislation applications, staff’s incorrect/ insufficient

fulfillment of duties, financial scarcity, imbalance of authority-responsibility, and top

managers’ authoritarian attitudes. On the other hand, educational managers were found to

employ individual methods rather than organisational methods in managing the stress, and

it was found that they did not receive expert support.

Keywords: stress management, national education

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154

Turkish version of the Perfectionistic Self-presentation in Children and

Adolescents Scale

Ahmet Akın, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Umran Akın

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to examine validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the

Perfectionistic Self-presentation in children and adolescents Scale (Hewitt et al., 2011). The

sample of this study consisted of 238 elementary and high school students. The results of

confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the eighteen items loaded on three factors

and the three-dimensional model was well fit (x²= 193.04, df= 124, p= 0.00007, RMSEA= .048,

NFI= .92, IFI= .97, CFI= .97, GFI= .92, SRMR= .054). Factor loadings ranged from .31 to .80. The

internal consistency reliability coefficients of the three subscales were .85, .65, and .82. The

corrected item-total correlations ranged from .31 to .63. Overall findings demonstrated that

this scale had sufficient validity and reliability scores.

Keywords: perfectionistic, children and adolescents scale

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155

Assesment of Indirect Factors Affecting Academic Performance Using

Modified Analytic Hierarchy Process

İbrahim Erşan, The American Unıversity, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract:

Recently, the evaluation of academic success of the students in higher education has gained

a great importance. In this work, our aim is to investigate feasibility of establishing a

relationship between the academic success of a student and the factors that are not directly

related to the academic performance such as economical factors, family relationships,

friendship, etc., also, to check the performance of the proposed Modified Analytic Hierarchy

Process (MAHP). In order to achieve our goal, a questionnaire is prepared and the MAHP is

compared with the well known Back-Propagation Multi-Layer Perceptron (BPMLP) in the

formation of this relationship according to the data collected from the students by the

questionnaire. The experimental results have shown that such a relationship exists and can

be formed using both methods (MAHP & BPMLP) with the same performance. Hence,

comparing the calculation complexity of these algorithms, obtained results showed that the

proposed MAHP algorithm is more efficient than the BPMLP algorithm.

Keywords: AHP, BPMLP, ANN, academic performance

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156

Cyber Victimization Scale

Osman Tolga Arıcak

Taşkın Tanrıkulu

Hüseyin Kınay, Fatih University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract:

The development of informational communicational Technologies increases people’s

addiction to the internet and computer day by day. Social Networks, which are especially

prevailing among young, can be easily accessed via computers and mobile devices.

Companies added new Technologies, which increase the use of internet and social networks,

to the mobile devices and this has made information sharing inevitable part of life. Parents,

school administration and teachers cannot control the sharing of information and this has

created a new trend which leads violence via technology. In this research, Cyber

Victimization Scale is developed to determine the students who are exposed to Cyber

Bullying and in which aspects they experience this victimization. The scale consists of 24

items and according to the statistical analyses which are based on the data collected from

515 students, it is realized that all the items are loaded under a single factor. This single

factor constitutes 30.115% of whole variance. The factor loads vary from .43 to .67.

Cronbach alpha coefficient for the entire scale is measured as .88. Retest reliability

coefficient is found as .75. These values show that this scale is valid and reliable.

Keywords: cyberbullying, cyber victim

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Explanatory Role of Humor Styles and Creativity Level of High School Students

on their Life Satisfaction Level

Recep Koçak, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Turkey, [email protected]

Ömer Ay

Osman Zati Yazar

Abstract:

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the explanatory role of humor styles and

creativity level of high school students on their life satisfaction level.

The research is a study done in the relational survey model, and has been carried out with

390 adolescent participants 201 female and 189 male students who are selected randomly

among the 10th and 11th grade students, between 14-18 ages. In this study “Personal

Demographic Information Sheet”, “Humor Styles Questionnaire”, “How creative are you?”

and Multidimensional Students Life Satisfaction Scales were used to collect data.

In order to answer to research questions t-test, Pearson correlation, ANOVA and regression

analyses were performed for data analysis.

As a result of the analysis, it has been found that when the predictive power of the variables

are taken into consideration, among the variables that make positive contribution to life

satisfaction of students; participatory humor (β =.17) comes first, self-defeating humor (β =

.15) comes second, aggressive humor style (β=-.12), comes third, self enhancing humor style

(β=.12) comes fourth and creativity level’s comes (β=-.11) last.

According to the results of the regression analysis If the humor styles’ (participatory humor,

self enhancing humor, aggressive humor and self-defeating) and creativity levels of

students\' taken together in terms of life satisfaction It is understood that there is a

significant relationship between them (r=.34, P<.001). In this research, some findings are

also given about whether there is a significant differentiation between humor styles,

creativity and life satisfaction levels according to the independent variables

Keywords: humor styles, creativity, life satisfaction

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A Study of Social Anxiety of Adolescents according to Self-Esteem and Some

Personal and Demographic Characteristics

Zeynep Deniz Yöndem

Gamze Yeşim Göktürk

Ali Haydar Şar, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to identify the level of social anxiety of adolescents, the relation

between social anxiety and self-esteem and to analyse the answer to the question if

differences in the level of social anxiety of adolescents are related to demographic factors

such as perceived social-economic status, the education level of the parents and the

(non)use of psychological counseling. This study has been conducted with the use of

descriptive methodology and the participants in this research consist of a total of 385

students of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd grades of the Public High Schools. The Aydın and Tekinsav

Sütçü’s (2007) “Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents” (ESKÖ/SASA) adjusted to Turkish, the

“Self-Esteem Scale” developed by Akın (2007) and the “Personal Information Form” as

prepared by the researcher were used as data- gathering tools. As non-parametric methods

the Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H and Kendall’s Tau B rank correlation methods were

used in the analysis of the gathered data.

According to the results of the conducted researchl social anxiety levels of adolescents have

been found to be of medium level in general but the level of %13,5 of the participants have

been found to be of high level. After investigation of the lower dimensions of social anxiety,

adolescents have been found to experience social anxiety the most in new conditions in the

first place, in the case of fear of negative avaluation in the second place and in the third

place in common conditions. The self-esteem of the adolescent participants have been

found high in general and only %3,4 of them scored low on the self-esteem scale. A low

meaningful negative relation has been found between the social anxiety scales and the self-

esteem scales of adolescents. Furthermore according to the aspects of personal and

demographic characteristics, gender, social status, education level of the mother and

perceived socio-economic level no significant differences have been observed in the social

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anxiety scale. On the other hand significant differences have been found in the social anxiety

scales of adolescents related to the education level of the father. It has been found that the

social anxiety scale of adolescents whose fathers are only graduates of the first level of

Primary School are higher than adolescents whose fathers are graduates of the second level

of Primary School.

Keywords: anxiety, social anxiety, self confidence, adolescents

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The validity and the reliability of the Turkish version of the SEMLI-S Scale

Serhat Arslan, Sakarya University, Turkey, [email protected]

Abstract:

The aim of this research is to adapt the Self-Efficacy and Metacognition Learning Inventory—

Science (Thomas et all. 2008) to Turkish and to examine their psychometric properties.

Participants were 319 high school students from Turkey. The scales were translated into

Turkish and back-translated into English.

Results of DFA showed that the 30 items of the SEMLI-S Scale loaded on five factor like

original form and that the model was well fit (x2=726,68 df=385, p=0.00000, RMSEA=.040,

NFI=.94, CFI=.97, IFI=.97, RFI=.93, GFI=.94, and AGFI=.92).

The Cronbach alpha value of the scale was .91. The corrected item-total correlations of the

scale ranged from .65 to .36.

According to these findings SEMLI-S Scale can be termed as valid and reliable instruments

that could be used in fields of education and psychology.

Keywords: metacognition, self-efficacy, science