28.08 · PDF fileAPI Spec 6A API Spec 16A API RP 16E API RP 53 API 16d API Spec 16C Casing Tubing, Downhole ISO 11960 API 5ct(2)(3) API 14a(b)(h)(j) ISO 10426-1 (cement)

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DNV GL © 2013 September 2014 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER DNV GL © 2013

September 2014

Introduction to Subsea Production Systems

03 Drilling and Wellhead Systems

03 Drilling and Wellhead

DNV GL © 2013 September 2014

Subsea Drilling and Wellhead Systems

This module will cover:

Applicable codes and standards

Reservoir Engineering

Subsea Wells

Subsea Well Program

Wellhead Equipment

Deepwater drilling

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Goals

Understand the premises and interfaces to the drilling activity

To understand the main building blocks in a well

To be able to participate in debates regarding drilling activity and well architecture

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Standards Overview

Wellhead/XT:

API 6a

API 17d

ISO 10423

ISO 13628-4

BOP

ISO 13628-7

NORSOK D-001

NORSOK D-010

API Spec 6A

API Spec 16A

API RP 16E

API RP 53

API 16d

API Spec 16C

Casing Tubing, Downhole

ISO 11960

API 5ct(2)(3)

API 14a(b)(h)(j)

ISO 10426-1 (cement)

Drilling Equip.

API 7K

API RP 64

API 4F

API 8C

DNV-OS-E101

General

ISO 13628-1

NORSOK D-001

NORSOK D-010

NORSOK U-001

OLF Guideline 070

PSA Norway

DNV-OS-C101

Riser/Umbilicals

ISO 13628-2

ISO 13628-3

ISO 13628-5

ISO 13628-7

API RP 16Q

API Spec 16R

DNV-OSS-302

DNV-OS-F201

DNV-RP-F206

Control Systems

ISO 13628-6

API Spec 16D

Well Foundation

API RP 2A

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Applicable codes and standards

Main codes for wellhead and drilling:

API 6A/ISO 10423 Specification for Wellhead and

Christmas Tree Equipment

API 17D/ISO 13628-4 Subsea wellhead and tree

equipment

API 16A / ISO 13533 Specification for Drill-through

Equipment

+ ASME, ISO, BS +++

NORSOK D-010 Well integrity in drilling and well

operations

NORSOK U-001 Subsea production systems

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Reservoir Engineering

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Ormen Lange Reservoir, 350 km2 2000 meter below seabed:

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Subsea Wells

The main development well types:

Exploration wells

Production wells (oil, gas)

Injection wells (water, gas)

Well design through the reservoir:

Vertical

Deviated

Horizontal

Multi branch (side-track)

Enhanced Recovery:

Water injection

Gas injection

WAG; water alternating gas injection

Artificial lift

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Different Well Types at Tyrihans

The Evolution of Wells at Tyrihans

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Subsea Well Program

Typical Subsea Well Program:

Drill 36” hole to ~80m

Run and cement 30” Conductor

Drill 26” hole to ~800m

Run and cement 20” casing with 18 3/4” (link) WH

Run Blow-out-preventer (BOP)

Drill 17 ½” hole to ~1300m

Run and cement 13 3/8” Casing

Drill 12 1/4” hole to ~1700m

Run and cement 9 5/8” Casing

Drill 8 ½” hole to ~2000m

Clean up well

Abandon well (run plug or close valve)

Proceed to completion operations

This program can be a 100 days plan

BOP

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Video, Running Wellhead

Wellhead.avi

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Conventional mud circulation system

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Relation to Pore/Fracture Pressure Plot

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Xmas Tree Systems

Typical Tree Installation Sequence:

Install Xmas Tree on Wellhead using drill string and

Tree Running Tool (TRT)

Recover TRT

Run BOP and marine riser

Remove down hole plugs

Run completion / production tubing

Perforate tubing at reservoir depth

Inhibit well and prepare to abandon

Install internal tree cap

Retrieve marine riser and BOP

Drill rig moves to next well

Flowlines and flying leads installed by Rig or

installation vessel

XT XT

BOP

DNV GL © 2013 September 2014

UNSTABLE ROGALAND SHALES

RESERVOIR

18-3/4" wellhead

36"/30" conductor at 940 mTVD

13-3/8 x 13-5/8" intermediate casing set in 17 1/2" hole at 2100 - 2200m TVD.

7 " lower completion.

20" surface casing at 1600mTVD

36" conductor housing

18 3/4" X 7" X 2" tubing hanger

2 x 7" TRSSSV’s

18 3/4" X 13 3/8" casing hanger

9 5/8" liner in 12 1/4" hole to top reservoir at 2705m TVD over sail section, to prevent shale

9-5/8 x 7" production packer.

9-5/8 x 13-3/8" liner hanger.

9-5/8" production tubing, with production packer set below 9 5/8" liner lap. 7" tail pipe available for deep set plugs and downhole gauge positioning.

9-5/8" x 7" lower completion packer

9-5/8 x 7" full bore isolation valve

7" formation isolation valve

Well Completion - sample

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Well barriers

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Source: NORSOK D-010

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TVD vs. MD

TVD – True Vertical Depth

MD – Measured Depth

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Wellhead equipment

18 ¾” Wellhead Housing

30” Conductor Housing

9 5/8” Casing Hanger

18 ¾” Packoff

(Annulus seal assembly)

13 3/8” Casing Hanger

Drilling Guide Base

The wellhead system suspends the casing and serve as a barrier for well fluids against the environment.

There are 5 main suppliers of subsea Wellhead systems:

- GE Oil & Gas (ex. Vetco Gray)

- FMC

- Aker Solutions

- Drill-Quip

- Cameron

The wellheads are usually designed according to API 17D (ISO13628-4) and API 6A (ISO10423).

The 18 3/4 ” Wellhead Housing often has a H4 Vetco external profile for subsea wells.

The internal seal and locking profiles are supplier specific.

Main components:

Casing Diagram

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Wellhead equipment

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Deepwater drilling

An increasing number of the subsea wells worldwide are located in deepwater.

Deepwater is usually defined as water depths from 300 – 1500 m, with greater

than 1500 m water depth classified as ultra deepwater. These depths impose

significant challenges with respect to subsea drilling.

Existing drilling rigs allow for drilling in water depths in the order of 2400 m. New

generation drill rigs and drill ships are being designed for water depths beyond

3000 m.

In deep water, drilling requires very heavy equipment, drilling operations and well

control procedures are more difficult and well costs can rise dramatically.

The following new techniques are considered to have a significant impact on the

subsea well construction costs:

• Under balanced drilling (The first contract in north sea awarded by Statoil)

• Riser less drilling or dual gradient drilling system

• Expandable casing strings

• Casing while drilling

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Mono bore drilling

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Buzz group

What are the main principles in order to get the oil and gas?

Please give details…

– How do you get to the reservoir?

– How do you get the oil/gas out?

– Where does the oil/gas go from there?

– Think of some safety features in Drilling operations…

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SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER

www.dnvgl.com

Safeguarding life, property and the environment

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30” Conductor Housing

BACK BACK

Wellhead Locking Profile

Running Profile

Flow by Port

Guidebase Landing Shoulder

Conductor Extension

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18 3/4” Wellhead Housing

BACK

Lockdown ring

Vetco H4 Profile

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13 3/8” Casing Hanger

BACK

13 3/8” Casing Pup Joint

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9 5/8” Casing Hanger

BACK

Landing Shoulder

Fluted Centraliser

9 5/8” Casing Pup Joint

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18 3/4” Pack-off

BACK Locking Mandrel

Metal Seal

Wellhead Lock Ring

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Drilling Guide Base

BACK

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Casing Diagram

BACK

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Subsea BOP

BACK

Blowout.wmv

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