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2009 Fire/EMS Safety, 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety Chapter 1 Safety
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2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Dec 23, 2015

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Page 1: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

2009 Fire/EMS Safety, 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival WeekHealth and Survival Week

Fire Department Safety: Fire Department Safety:

Chapter 1 SafetyChapter 1 Safety

Page 2: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Number 1 Rule:Number 1 Rule:

““Safety is the responsibility of Safety is the responsibility of everyone.” If you see something, say everyone.” If you see something, say something. Just as well, everyone on-something. Just as well, everyone on-

scene is a safety officer – leaders scene is a safety officer – leaders should provide the tools for even the should provide the tools for even the

probie to fill this role.”probie to fill this role.”

Page 3: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Section 100 Personnel Section 100 Personnel AccountabilityAccountability

Section 100 Personnel Section 100 Personnel AccountabilityAccountability

The purpose of establishing a personnel The purpose of establishing a personnel accountability system is for the safe tracking accountability system is for the safe tracking and accounting of all members operating and accounting of all members operating within the “Hazard Zone” of an incident. The within the “Hazard Zone” of an incident. The “Hazard Zone” is any area that is potentially “Hazard Zone” is any area that is potentially or immediately dangerous to life and health or immediately dangerous to life and health and/or any area that could cause a member to and/or any area that could cause a member to be lost, trapped, or injured by environmental be lost, trapped, or injured by environmental or structural condition changes.or structural condition changes.

Page 4: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Personnel accountability applies to all Personnel accountability applies to all personnel. Supervisors are charged with personnel. Supervisors are charged with ensuring that the procedure is adhered to.ensuring that the procedure is adhered to.

Page 5: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

General GuidelinesGeneral Guidelines

The Incident Commander is responsible for The Incident Commander is responsible for overall accountability during an incident and overall accountability during an incident and will determine the level of accountability that will determine the level of accountability that will be utilized during the incident.will be utilized during the incident.

Page 6: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

The Incident Commander and supervisors will The Incident Commander and supervisors will maintain an awareness of the location and maintain an awareness of the location and function of all companies, divisions, and function of all companies, divisions, and groups.groups.

Page 7: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Company members shall keep their immediate Company members shall keep their immediate supervisor informed of any change in their supervisor informed of any change in their condition, status, or assignment and report condition, status, or assignment and report immediately to any newly assigned immediately to any newly assigned supervisor.supervisor.

Page 8: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Crew integrity is paramount. Company officers Crew integrity is paramount. Company officers or crew leaders are fully responsible for their or crew leaders are fully responsible for their crew members at all times crew members at all times

Page 9: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Accountability LevelsAccountability Levels

Level I Accountability: Level I Accountability: Personal ID tags will remain in the cab of the vehicle Personal ID tags will remain in the cab of the vehicle

attached to the vehicle ID tag. The company officer is attached to the vehicle ID tag. The company officer is responsible for the accountability of their crew. This responsible for the accountability of their crew. This level is used until the Incident Commander level is used until the Incident Commander determines that the incident has escalated or may determines that the incident has escalated or may escalate beyond their effective span of control.escalate beyond their effective span of control.

Page 10: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Level II Accountability: Level II Accountability: This level is used when the Incident This level is used when the Incident

Commander determines that the incident Commander determines that the incident has escalated to the point that has escalated to the point that necessitates the need for a safety officer necessitates the need for a safety officer and/or accountability officer. The vehicle and/or accountability officer. The vehicle ID tags will be gathered by the safety ID tags will be gathered by the safety officer, accountability officer, or their officer, accountability officer, or their designee and will be transferred to the designee and will be transferred to the Command Post or Accountability Command Post or Accountability Supervisor. Supervisor.

Page 11: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Personnel Accountability Personnel Accountability Reports (PAR)Reports (PAR)

A Personnel Accountability Report A Personnel Accountability Report will be called for by the Incident will be called for by the Incident Commander during, but not limited Commander during, but not limited to, the following conditions:to, the following conditions:

Page 12: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

PARPAR

A change from an offensive mode to A change from an offensive mode to a defensive mode of operations.a defensive mode of operations.

Any sudden hazardous event Any sudden hazardous event (example— flashover, collapse, (example— flashover, collapse, entrapment).entrapment).

Page 13: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

PARPAR

A report of missing firefighter(s).A report of missing firefighter(s).

At completion of a search-and-rescue At completion of a search-and-rescue effort.effort.

Page 14: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

PARPAR

At the time the incident is reported At the time the incident is reported under control (discretion of the under control (discretion of the Incident Commander).Incident Commander).

To check and re-organize the To check and re-organize the command structure during long command structure during long and/or complex incidents. and/or complex incidents.

Page 15: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

PAR GuidelinesPAR Guidelines

The report will take priority over The report will take priority over communications not directly related to communications not directly related to the immediate emergency situation. the immediate emergency situation.

It will begin with companies believed to It will begin with companies believed to be in the most danger and will include be in the most danger and will include all units operating at the incident. all units operating at the incident.

Page 16: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

PAR GuidelinesPAR Guidelines

It will be controlled and coordinated by It will be controlled and coordinated by one person who will advise on the one person who will advise on the appropriate TAC channel, “all units appropriate TAC channel, “all units stand by for a PAR.” Each unit will be stand by for a PAR.” Each unit will be asked for a PAR in the following manner asked for a PAR in the following manner and acknowledge, “Engine 7-A, and acknowledge, “Engine 7-A, acknowledge the PAR,” an appropriate acknowledge the PAR,” an appropriate response would be “Engine 7-A, Code 4 response would be “Engine 7-A, Code 4 (or OK), side 3.”(or OK), side 3.”

Page 17: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

PAR GuidelinesPAR Guidelines

If a crew has been split for If a crew has been split for assignments to different functions assignments to different functions or areas, it will be the or areas, it will be the responsibility of the company responsibility of the company officer or supervisor to assure that officer or supervisor to assure that all members of his/her crew are all members of his/her crew are accounted for. accounted for.

Page 18: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Section 200 Rapid Section 200 Rapid InterventionIntervention

The purpose of establishing a Rapid The purpose of establishing a Rapid Intervention Team (RIT) at emergency Intervention Team (RIT) at emergency incidents is to ensure proper support to incidents is to ensure proper support to those crews operating in environments those crews operating in environments considered to be Immediately Dangerous considered to be Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH) [to Life and Health (IDLH) [See See DefinitionsDefinitions]. The mission of the RIT is to ]. The mission of the RIT is to locate and rescue lost, trapped, or injured locate and rescue lost, trapped, or injured firefighters.firefighters.

Page 19: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134 OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134 (4)(4)

““2 in 2 out” – requires that a minimum of two 2 in 2 out” – requires that a minimum of two individuals, operating as a team in direct voice or individuals, operating as a team in direct voice or visual contact, conduct interior firefighting visual contact, conduct interior firefighting operations utilizing SCBAs. In addition, a operations utilizing SCBAs. In addition, a minimum of two individuals who are properly minimum of two individuals who are properly equipped and trained must be positioned outside equipped and trained must be positioned outside the IDLH atmosphere, account for the interior the IDLH atmosphere, account for the interior team(s) and remain capable of rapid rescue of team(s) and remain capable of rapid rescue of the interior team. The outside personnel must at the interior team. The outside personnel must at all times account for and be available to assist or all times account for and be available to assist or rescue members of the interior team.rescue members of the interior team.

Page 20: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Exceptions to OSHA 2 in 2 Exceptions to OSHA 2 in 2 out regulationout regulation

Initial attack operations must be Initial attack operations must be organized to ensure that adequate organized to ensure that adequate personnel are at the emergency scene personnel are at the emergency scene prior to any interior attack at a structural prior to any interior attack at a structural fire. fire.

If initial attack personnel find a If initial attack personnel find a knownknown life hazard situation where immediate life hazard situation where immediate action could prevent the loss of life, action could prevent the loss of life, deviation from the 2 in 2 out standard deviation from the 2 in 2 out standard may be permitted as an exception to the may be permitted as an exception to the fire department’s organizational plan. fire department’s organizational plan.

Page 21: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Exceptions to OSHA 2 in 2 Exceptions to OSHA 2 in 2 out regulationout regulation

Exceptions to the 2 in 2 out Exceptions to the 2 in 2 out regulation can be made when it is regulation can be made when it is known that the fire is in incipient known that the fire is in incipient phase. Such deviations from the phase. Such deviations from the regulations must be regulations must be exceptionsexceptions and and not de facto standard practices.not de facto standard practices.

Page 22: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

RIC ProceduresRIC Procedures

RIT Leader: Officer assigned to RIT, this RIT Leader: Officer assigned to RIT, this person answers directly to the Incident person answers directly to the Incident Commander or the Operations Section Commander or the Operations Section Chief. Chief.

RIT Leader completes a six-sided survey RIT Leader completes a six-sided survey of the incident while the remainder of the of the incident while the remainder of the crew gathers the appropriate equipment crew gathers the appropriate equipment for the type of incident.for the type of incident.

Page 23: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

RIC ProceduresRIC Procedures RIT Leader ascertains the location of all RIT Leader ascertains the location of all

crews working within the IDLH crews working within the IDLH atmosphere. This may be recorded on a atmosphere. This may be recorded on a Tactical Worksheet or on a Command Tactical Worksheet or on a Command Board.Board.

RIT Members shall remain in a ready RIT Members shall remain in a ready state with full turnout gear, SCBA and at state with full turnout gear, SCBA and at the minimum a hand tool, flashlight, the minimum a hand tool, flashlight, radio, and personal escape equipment radio, and personal escape equipment until advised to stand down.until advised to stand down.

Page 24: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

RIC ProceduresRIC Procedures RIT Members shall stage tools near the RIT Members shall stage tools near the

point of entry. Situation will dictate tools point of entry. Situation will dictate tools that will be staged. A minimum of one that will be staged. A minimum of one extra SCBA and flashlight will be staged extra SCBA and flashlight will be staged along with forcible entry tools that are along with forcible entry tools that are determined by the type of construction.determined by the type of construction.

When activated the RIT will remain on the When activated the RIT will remain on the original fire ground channel. All other original fire ground channel. All other units will switch to Talk-Around when units will switch to Talk-Around when assigned by the Incident Commander.assigned by the Incident Commander.

Page 25: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

RIC ProceduresRIC Procedures

RIT Members shall identify means of RIT Members shall identify means of egress and place ground ladders where egress and place ground ladders where appropriate. appropriate.

RIT Members shall force locked doors, RIT Members shall force locked doors, clear existing openings or create new clear existing openings or create new ones and assist the RIT Leader in the ones and assist the RIT Leader in the development of an Action Plan for the development of an Action Plan for the rescue if needed.rescue if needed.

Page 26: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

RIC ProceduresRIC Procedures

The RIT Leader will inform the RIT of all The RIT Leader will inform the RIT of all pertinent information and individual pertinent information and individual assignments.assignments.

The RIT Leader shall inform the Incident The RIT Leader shall inform the Incident Commander of the need to add RIT crews Commander of the need to add RIT crews when the situation warrants (multiple when the situation warrants (multiple entry points, multiple floors, etc.).entry points, multiple floors, etc.).

Page 27: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

RIC ProceduresRIC Procedures

Should additional RITs be needed, a Should additional RITs be needed, a RIT Group shall be established with RIT Group shall be established with one RIT Officer, and individual RIT one RIT Officer, and individual RIT leader(s) in charge of each team.leader(s) in charge of each team.

In high-rise applications RIT is to be In high-rise applications RIT is to be staged one floor below the fire floor.staged one floor below the fire floor.

Page 28: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Procedures for Lost or Procedures for Lost or Trapped FirefightersTrapped Firefighters

Any firefighter operating on an Any firefighter operating on an incident scene that becomes incident scene that becomes disoriented, trapped, separated from disoriented, trapped, separated from their crew, injured or low on air their crew, injured or low on air supply should take immediate action supply should take immediate action to notify Command and if possible to notify Command and if possible initiate self rescue initiate self rescue

Page 29: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

MAYDAY-MAYDAY-MAYDAY-MAYDAY-MAYDAYMAYDAY

The radio message The radio message “MAYDAY-MAYDAY-“MAYDAY-MAYDAY-MAYDAY” MAYDAY” will be used by lost or trapped will be used by lost or trapped firefighters or their crew members to report their firefighters or their crew members to report their status as being in trouble and needing rescue. status as being in trouble and needing rescue.

Any member may use “MAY-DAY” to report a lost Any member may use “MAY-DAY” to report a lost firefighter. firefighter. Any report of “MAY-DAY” will Any report of “MAY-DAY” will receive priority radio traffic.receive priority radio traffic. The term “May- The term “May-Day” will be reserved ONLY to report lost or Day” will be reserved ONLY to report lost or trapped firefighters. The term “emergency trapped firefighters. The term “emergency traffic” will be used to report other emergencies.traffic” will be used to report other emergencies.

Page 30: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

MAYDAY CONT.MAYDAY CONT.

Firefighters should use any and all Firefighters should use any and all means necessary to escape the means necessary to escape the hostile environment. hostile environment.

Activate P.A.S.S. Activate P.A.S.S. If able, notify Command of last If able, notify Command of last

known location, unit number, and if known location, unit number, and if mobile or trapped. mobile or trapped.

Page 31: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

LUNARLUNAR

LocationLocation Unit Unit NameName AirAir Resources NeededResources Needed

Page 32: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Section 300 Personal Section 300 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Protective Equipment (PPE) All employees have been provided All employees have been provided

personal protective equipment for personal protective equipment for use in their respective job functions. use in their respective job functions. The utilization of this equipment will The utilization of this equipment will have a direct bearing on the health have a direct bearing on the health and well being of personnel and and well being of personnel and efficiency of operations. efficiency of operations.

Page 33: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Minimum requirements Minimum requirements are: are:

Response: All personnel must wear Response: All personnel must wear seatbelts during vehicle movement. seatbelts during vehicle movement. Standing while riding is strictly Standing while riding is strictly prohibited. prohibited.

Fire Alarms (including automatic Fire Alarms (including automatic alarms): All protective equipment alarms): All protective equipment to include helmet, hood, coat, to include helmet, hood, coat, pants, boots, gloves, and SCBA. pants, boots, gloves, and SCBA.

Page 34: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Rescue Alarms: All protective equipment Rescue Alarms: All protective equipment to include helmet, hood, coat, pants, to include helmet, hood, coat, pants, boots and gloves. SCBA is required for boots and gloves. SCBA is required for hazardous atmospheres. Eye protection hazardous atmospheres. Eye protection and medical gloves are required for and medical gloves are required for patient contact.patient contact.

Medical Alarms: Eye protection and Medical Alarms: Eye protection and medical gloves. If circumstances dictate, medical gloves. If circumstances dictate, gowns and face protection. gowns and face protection.

Page 35: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Water Alarms: Personnel within 10 feet Water Alarms: Personnel within 10 feet of any open water will be required to of any open water will be required to utilize a PFD. For safety reasons, the utilize a PFD. For safety reasons, the utilization of bunker gear near water will utilization of bunker gear near water will be discouraged. be discouraged.

Roadway Alarms: Reflective vests are Roadway Alarms: Reflective vests are required to be worn anytime an required to be worn anytime an employee is operating on or adjacent to employee is operating on or adjacent to the roadway. Bunker coats can be worn the roadway. Bunker coats can be worn in lieu of reflective vests. in lieu of reflective vests.

Page 36: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Auto accidents: Bunker coat, pants, helmet, Auto accidents: Bunker coat, pants, helmet, gloves and eye protection are required to be gloves and eye protection are required to be worn when operating inside or around vehicles worn when operating inside or around vehicles with moderate to severe damage. with moderate to severe damage.

Helmets: FD personnel will wear helmets on Helmets: FD personnel will wear helmets on scenes with multiple units/agencies operating scenes with multiple units/agencies operating for identification purposes. Helmets will be for identification purposes. Helmets will be worn anytime personnel are working worn anytime personnel are working near/under elevated operations (i.e. near/under elevated operations (i.e. training/ladders/ construction sites).training/ladders/ construction sites).

Page 37: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Cell phones: Personal cell phones Cell phones: Personal cell phones will not be used when operating will not be used when operating department apparatus or while department apparatus or while operating on incident scenes (Refer operating on incident scenes (Refer to Chapter 4, Section 200.000, Cell to Chapter 4, Section 200.000, Cell Phone Usage).Phone Usage).

Page 38: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Section 400 Self-Contained Section 400 Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Personnel shall not breathe smoke, Personnel shall not breathe smoke, vapors, or any particulate matter.vapors, or any particulate matter.

Personnel shall not enter the Personnel shall not enter the confines of a structure or other confines of a structure or other situation producing a toxic or situation producing a toxic or oxygen deficient atmosphere oxygen deficient atmosphere without an SCBA and activated without an SCBA and activated PASS device. PASS device.

Page 39: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

SCBASCBA

The only exception to rule one and/or The only exception to rule one and/or rule two will be woods fires. The use of rule two will be woods fires. The use of an SCBA at these incidents will be left to an SCBA at these incidents will be left to the discretion of the Incident the discretion of the Incident Commander.Commander.

When SCBAs are required, personnel When SCBAs are required, personnel will operate in teams of at least two will operate in teams of at least two persons. persons.

Page 40: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

SCBASCBA

A team leader shall be designated for A team leader shall be designated for each group. The team leader is each group. The team leader is responsible for maintaining crew responsible for maintaining crew integrity.integrity.

Team members should not be out of Team members should not be out of sight or contact of the team leader for sight or contact of the team leader for any reason—this includes exiting the any reason—this includes exiting the building for air or other assignments building for air or other assignments

Page 41: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

SCBASCBA

The decision to remove SCBAs shall The decision to remove SCBAs shall be the responsibility of the Incident be the responsibility of the Incident Commander. During overhaul, the Commander. During overhaul, the Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen Cyanide level should be no more Cyanide level should be no more than 10ppm before SCBAs can be than 10ppm before SCBAs can be discontinued. This will be discontinued. This will be confirmed through the use of confirmed through the use of available monitors. available monitors.

Page 42: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

SCBASCBA

SCBA mask shall be maintained in SCBA mask shall be maintained in good working order by the good working order by the personnel to whom they are personnel to whom they are assigned.assigned.

Page 43: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Section 500 RehabilitationSection 500 Rehabilitation

To ensure that the physical and To ensure that the physical and mental condition of members mental condition of members operating at the scene of an operating at the scene of an emergency or a training exercise emergency or a training exercise does not deteriorate to a point that does not deteriorate to a point that affects the safety of each member or affects the safety of each member or that jeopardizes the safety and that jeopardizes the safety and integrity of the operation.integrity of the operation.

Page 44: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

Incident CommanderIncident Commander

Shall consider the circumstances of each Shall consider the circumstances of each incident and make adequate provisions early in incident and make adequate provisions early in the incident for the rest and rehabilitation for all the incident for the rest and rehabilitation for all members operating at the scene. These members operating at the scene. These provisions shall include medical evaluation, provisions shall include medical evaluation, treatment and monitoring; food and fluid treatment and monitoring; food and fluid replenishment; mental rest; and relief from replenishment; mental rest; and relief from extreme climatic conditions and the other extreme climatic conditions and the other environmental parameters of the incident. The environmental parameters of the incident. The rehabilitation shall include the provision of rehabilitation shall include the provision of medical services at the Basic Life Support (BLS) medical services at the Basic Life Support (BLS) level or higher.level or higher.

Page 45: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

SupervisorsSupervisors

Shall maintain an awareness of the Shall maintain an awareness of the condition of each member operating condition of each member operating within their span of control and ensure within their span of control and ensure that adequate steps are taken to provide that adequate steps are taken to provide for each member's safety and health. The for each member's safety and health. The command structure shall be utilized to command structure shall be utilized to request relief and the reassignment of request relief and the reassignment of fatigued crews. During routine duties, fatigued crews. During routine duties, physical activity should be monitored and physical activity should be monitored and performed in moderation when the heat performed in moderation when the heat index is high. Hydration is encouraged.index is high. Hydration is encouraged.

Page 46: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

PersonnelPersonnel

During periods of hot weather, members shall be During periods of hot weather, members shall be encouraged to drink water and activity encouraged to drink water and activity beverages throughout the workday. During any beverages throughout the workday. During any emergency incident or training evolution, all emergency incident or training evolution, all members shall advise their supervisor when they members shall advise their supervisor when they believe that their level of fatigue or exposure to believe that their level of fatigue or exposure to heat or cold is approaching a level that could heat or cold is approaching a level that could affect themselves, their crew, or the operation in affect themselves, their crew, or the operation in which they are involved. Members shall also which they are involved. Members shall also remain aware of the health and safety of other remain aware of the health and safety of other crewmembers. crewmembers.

Page 47: 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health and Survival Week Fire Department Safety: Chapter 1 Safety.

The End.The End.