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THE RISE OF ISLAMIC EMPIRES: GLOBALIZATION (Version 1.0)
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THE RISE OF ISLAMIC EMPIRES: GLOBALIZATION (Version 1.0)

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IMPACT OF ISLAMIC WORLD Islamic civilizations

penetrated and was transformed by the regions into which it spread: Africa, India, Central Asia, and SE Asia

helped create the first globalized world due to trade

challenged and was challenged by European Christendom

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ISIS, ISIL, OR ISLAMIC STATE?

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The Middle East

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WHAT WORLD WAS MOHAMMAD BORN INTO?

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NOMADS

CITIES

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The Prophet Mohammad: Messenger of God

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*Pilgrimage *Charity *Profession of Faith *Prayer *Ramadan fasting

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From Hijra to Umma: 622 CE

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The Kaaba during Hajj

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632 CE: The First Four Rightly Guided Caliphs

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Expansion of Islam

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How did the Arab Muslims treat conquered

peoples? Dhimmis (= people of the book: Jews,

Christians, Zoroastrians) paid jizya (special tax paid by non-Muslims) and were allowed to practice as before

Occupying armies stayed in garrison towns, apart from local population – eventually recruited from local populations

Leaders adapted Roman and Persian institutions

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Conversion not by sword!

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661: Umayyad Dynasty

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The Sunni-Shia split

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Umayyads: Capital of Damascus,

661-750

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A comparison with contemporary empires

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Case Study: Coins and their Imagery

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Byzantine Coins

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Coin 1 of Abd l Malik: 696 CE

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Coin 2 of Abd Al Malik: 696-7 CE

‘There is no god except God alone, he has no partner; Muhammad is the Messenger of God whom he sent with guidance and the religion of truth that he may make it victorious over every other religion.’

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Umayyad Mosque

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Jerusalem

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The Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem

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Umayyad Caliphate flees to Spain,

750-1492

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Abbasid Empire