1.2 Computer Generations

1.2 Computer Generations Lead In

New Words & Expressions

Instensive Study

Exercises

Features of Computer English

Lead In

•1. Do you know when the first computer was invented?

•How large was the first computer?

•2. When was the first microcomputer appear?

Lead In

1. The first electronic computer, the Electronical Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC),was developed in 1946.It measured 18 feet by 80 feet and weighed 30 tons.

世界上第一台计算机， ENIAC 于 1946 年产生。它长 80 英尺宽 18 英尺、重达 30 吨。

Lead In

2.In 1971,the first microcomputer appeared. A microcomputer could be clearly differentiated from computers in the other categories because its CPU consisted of a single “chip” called a microprocessor.

1971 年，第一台微型计算机产生。微型计算机与其他类型的计算机最大的区别在于其中央处理器由一小块芯片构成，这个被称为微机处理器。



Instensive Study

Exercises

New Words

vacuum tube （美）真空管，电子管integrated circuits 集成电路miniaturize 使小型化semiconductor chip 半导体芯片silicon （化）硅，硅元素considerably 相当地printed circuit board 印刷电路板bakelite 胶木



Instensive Study

Exercises

New Words

fiberglass 玻璃纤维，玻璃丝mother board 母板microprocessor 微处理器trigger 引发，引起，触发kit 成套工具，用具包，工具箱



Instensive Study

Exercises

Instensive Study

Read the passage carefully, and try to find:

The computer’s four generations:



Instensive Study

Exercises

Instensive Study

The computer’s four generations:The First Generation: 1964—1958

The Second Generation ： 1959—1964

The Third Generation: 1965—1970

The Fourth Generation: 1971—Today



Instensive Study

Exercises

Instensive Study

The First Generation Computer is called:

Who built the first generation computer?



Instensive Study

Exercises

Instensive Study

The First Generation Computer is called: The Vacumm Years

Who built the first generation computer? Two Americans, Presper Eckert and John Mauchly did .



Instensive Study

Exercises

Instensive Study

The Second Generation Computer is called:

Who built the second generation computer?



Instensive Study

Exercises

Instensive Study

The Second Generation Computer is called: The Era of Transistor

Who built the second generation computer? Three scientists, John Bardeen, William Shockley and Walter Brattain did.



Instensive Study

Exercises

Instensive Study

The Third Generation Computer is called:

Who built the third generation computer?



Instensive Study

Exercises

Instensive Study

The Third Generation Computer is called: Integrated Circuits—Miniaturizing the Computer

Who built the second generation computer? Robert Noyce and Jack Kilby did.



Instensive Study

Exercises

Instensive Study

The Fourth Generation Computer is called:

What led to the invention of personal computers, or microcomputers ?



Instensive Study

Exercises

Instensive Study

The Fourth Generation Computer is called: The Microprocessor

What led to the invention of personal computers, or microcomputers ?Ted Hoff invented a chip the size aof a pencil eraser that could do all the computing and logic work of a computer, which led to the invention of personal computers, or microcomputers.



Instensive Study

Exercises

Exercises

1. Fill in blanks according to the text:1. Fill in blanks according to the text:1) The ENIAC used thousands of ( ), which took up a lo1) The ENIAC used thousands of ( ), which took up a lot of space and gave off a great deal of heat just like light bulbs do.t of space and gave off a great deal of heat just like light bulbs do.

5) ( ) led to the invention of personal computers, 5) ( ) led to the invention of personal computers, or microcomputers.or microcomputers.

3)3) Most electronic devices today use some form of ( ) Most electronic devices today use some form of ( ) placed on printed circuit boards.placed on printed circuit boards.

2) In 1947 three scientists, John Bardeen, William Shockley and Walter 2) In 1947 three scientists, John Bardeen, William Shockley and Walter Brattain working at( ) invented the transistor computBrattain working at( ) invented the transistor computer.er.

4) The fourth generation computer can be characterized by both the jump 4) The fourth generation computer can be characterized by both the jump to ( ) and the invention of.to ( ) and the invention of.

vacuum tubesvacuum tubes

AT&T’s Bell LabsAT&T’s Bell Labs

integrated circuitsintegrated circuits

monolithic integrated circuitsmonolithic integrated circuits

The microprocessorThe microprocessor



Instensive Study

Exercises

2. Translate the following sentences into Chinese:2. Translate the following sentences into Chinese:

1) How he managed to finish the job is of interest to us all.1) How he managed to finish the job is of interest to us all.

2) My opinion is that he will not agree.2) My opinion is that he will not agree.

3) I know that he is friendly and hospitable.3) I know that he is friendly and hospitable.

4) Knowing that it was going to rain, they decided to work inside the 4) Knowing that it was going to rain, they decided to work inside the house. house.

5) Who did the work is unknown.5) Who did the work is unknown.

大家对他怎样完成这项工作的都很感兴趣。大家对他怎样完成这项工作的都很感兴趣。

我的意见是他不会同意的。我的意见是他不会同意的。

我知道他很友好而且好客。我知道他很友好而且好客。

他们知道要下雨，于是就决定在室内干活。他们知道要下雨，于是就决定在室内干活。

这工作是谁干的，大家都不知道。这工作是谁干的，大家都不知道。

Section 3 The Features of Computer English

Feaures of Vocabulary

Features of Sentences

Features of Grammar

Special Expressions

Feaures of Vocabulary

extension

abbriviation

compounding

new abbriviation

extension

access 接近——访问 bridge 桥梁 ——网桥 bus 公共汽车——总线 cache 地窖——高速缓冲存储器 driver 驾驶员——驱动器 memory 记忆——存储器 mouse 老鼠——鼠标 program 节目——程序

abbriviationBBS (Bulletin Board System)—— 电子公告板CAI (Computer Aided Instruction)—— 计算机辅助教学CPU (Central Processing Unit)—— 中央处理器HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)—— 超文本标记语言LCD ( Liquid Crystal Display)—— 液晶显示器ISP ( Internet Service Provider)—— 因特网服务提供商IT (Information Technology)—— 信息技术LASER (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation)—— 激光PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)—— 个人数字助理PnP (Plug and Play)—— 即插即用UPA (Uninterruptible Power Supply)—— 不间断电源WWW (World Wide Web)—— 万维网

compounding

computer+user—compuser down+load—download electronic+learning—e-learning electronic+mail—E-mail hard+ware—hardware key+board—keyboard modulator+demodulator—Modem pass+word—password

new abbriviation ASAP—as soon as possible BY—boyfriend CUL—see you later FYI—for your information IAE—in any event IMO—in my opinion TY—thank you BBL—be back later CU—see you FTF—face to face GF—girlfriend IC—I see TIA—thanks in advanced VG—very good

Homework

•Ex. 3 on P7

•Finish reading the left materials on P10-12

1.2 Computer Generations

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