REPUBLIC REPUBLIC OF OF TURKEY TURKEY MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
Sep 11, 2014
REPUBLIC REPUBLIC OF OF TURKEYTURKEY
MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATIONMINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
REPUBLIC OF TURKEYREPUBLIC OF TURKEYMINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATIONMINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
EDUCATION SYSTEM IN TURKEY
OUTLINE OF EDUCATIONOUTLINE OF EDUCATION
Education is:* Planned,* Operated, * Managed,* Controlled, * Financed by State in Turkey.
The Ministry of National Education (Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı) is the responsible ministry for all education, with the exception of military education..
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SOCIALSCIENCES SCHOOL
GENERAL GRADUATEHIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE
HIGH SCHOOL
ANATOLIAN RELIGIOUS HIGH
SCHOOL
ANATOLIAN TECHNICAL HIGH
SCHOOL
ANATOLIAN VOCATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOL
UN
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DU
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VOCATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOL
OPEN EDUCATION (OPEN HIGH SCHOOL)
NON-FORMAL EDUCATION
APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING
TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOL
RELIGIOUS HIGH SCHOOL
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GR
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REPUBLIC OF TURKEYREPUBLIC OF TURKEYMINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATIONMINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
EDUCATION SYSTEM IN TURKEYEDUCATION SYSTEM IN TURKEY
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Education System in Turkey
The Turkish National Educational System is composed of two main sections:
• Formal Education • Non-formal Education in accordance with Basic Law No. 1739 for National Education.
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Formal Education
Means the school system and comprises the institutions of preschool education, primary education, secondary education and higher education.
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Non- formal education
It includes all the activities organized outside or alongside the school.
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Pre-school education
It is optional, aims at contributing to the physical, mental and emotional development of the children, to help them acquire good habits, and to prepare them for primary education. Pre-school education is given in kindergartens, daycare homes, nursery classes in primary schools and preparatory classes by various ministries and institutions, and by the Ministry of National Education.
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Primary education Provides children with basic knowledge and ensures their physical, mental and moral development in accordance with national objectives. It generally comprises the education of children in the 6-14 year age group. Eight years of primary education is compulsory for all Turkish citizens who have reached the age of six. This level of education is free of charge in public schools. There are also private schools under state control.
Also, foreign language lessons and elective second foreign language lessons have started to be given beginning from the 4th year of primary education.
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Secondary education
It is classified in two categories of educational institutions, namely general high schools and vocational and technical high schools (lycées) where a minimum of four years of schooling is implemented after primary education.
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General high schools
They are educational institutions that prepare students for institutions of higher learning. They implement a four-year program over and above primary education, and comprises students in the 15-18 year age group.
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Vocational and technical high schools They provide specialized instruction with the aim of training qualified personnel. The organization and periods of instruction of these schools are different. Some of them have a four-year program in which case the schooling age is 15-18.
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The objective of secondary education is to provide the students with a common general culture at a minimum level and to prepare them to be ready for taking responsibility for the democratic society, to make them respectful of human rights and to prepare them for higher education or business life in the direction of their interests, abilities and capabilities.
Some of the secondary schools and the private secondary schools, have foreign language preparatory classes, in conformity with the targets of the educational programs, and education in a foreign language is provided in science group and mathematics.
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Higher education
In Turkey, the higher education includes all the educational institutions after secondary education, which provide at least two years of higher education and educate students for associate's, bachelor's, master's or doctorate degree levels. Institutions of higher education consist of universities, faculties, institutes, schools of higher education, conservatories, vocational schools of higher education and application-research centers.
REPUBLIC OF TURKEYREPUBLIC OF TURKEYMINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATIONMINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
The 15 non-formal training institutions affiliated to the MONE provide people of all age groups with various types of services.
Non-formal training institutions are:1. Public training centers2. Apprenticeship training centers3. Practical art schools for girls4. Maturity institutes5. Industry practical arts schools6. Vocational training centers7. Technical training centers for adults8. Job Training centers9. Science and art centers10. Training and applications school11. Private courses of training12. Private courses of education13. Open primary education school14. Open education high school15. Vocational and Technical Open Education Schools.
REPUBLIC OF TURKEYREPUBLIC OF TURKEYMINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATIONMINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
PUBLIC TRAINING
Education activities organized outside formal education institutions are carried out mostly by the 920 public training centers where the following courses are organized for students of all ages and education levels:* Literary courses;* Vocational courses;* Social and Cultural courses; and* Social and cultural applications. The period for apprenticeship is 3 years. Those who achieved this education can take journeyman exams. Those who have received journeyman certificate can take mastership examination after 3 years of mastership training or 5 years of work experience. Persons who do not have a mastership certificate are not allowed to open an independent workplace or to work as a master.
REPUBLIC OF TURKEYREPUBLIC OF TURKEYMINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATIONMINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
PUBLIC TRAINING
Vocational courses are organized in order to prepare persons who have left the formal education system do not have the necessary employment qualifications for positions of employment in working life. Those who attend the courses benefit from the rights granted by the said Law to apprentices and students while attending the courses. In all the three applications of education and training, the individual can reach the highest level of proficiency specified for skilled intermediate manpower and receive the mastership certificate envisaged for that level of proficiency. Apprentices receive the theoretical education for one day a week at an apprenticeship training center or at premises provided by business and the practical education for 5 days a week in the real working environment at business. Those who are employed in a business in one of the occupations covered by the Law and have an apprenticeship contract benefit from all the rights of a student, and their social right premiums during the period of training are paid out of the appropriations included in the budget of the Ministry at 50% of the minimum wages applicable to their age under Article 33 of Labor Law no. 1475.
NUMBER OF SCHOOLS, STUDENTS AND TEACHERS
EDUCATION LEVEL NUMBER OF SCHOOLS
TOTAL BOYS GIRLSNUMBER OF TEACHERS
PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION 22.506 701.762 366.209 335.553 25.901
PRIMARY SCHOOLS 34.093 10.870.570 5.676.872 5.193.698 445.452
SECONDARY SCHOOLS 8.280 3.245.322 1.789.238 1.456.084 160.049
GENERAL 3.830 1.980.452 1.044.607 935.845 106.270
VOCATIONAL 4.450 1.264.870 744.631 520.239 84.771
NON-FORMAL EDUATION 11.864 5.117.623 2.942.086 2.175.537 87.285
HIGHER EDUCATION 131 2.453.664 1.409.125 1.044.539 89.329
GENERAL TOTAL 76.874 22.388.941 12.183.530 10.205.411 808.016
NUMBER OF STUDENTS
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MURAT YAVUZMURAT YAVUZ