100 years war2

The Hundred Years’ War

1337 –> 1453 = 116 years

What gains and losses of territory happened between these years?

How did the technologies of war affect society in the Middle Ages?

During the Hundred Years war, there were frequent, long truces

No fighting occurred in the winter months

Roads were too muddy or blocked by

snow

How did the technologies of war affect society in the Middle Ages?

During military campaigns, the

armies spent less time fighting…

Burning homes and raiding

farmers’ food stores.

And more time maneuvering for

position…

How did the technologies of war affect society in the Middle Ages?

KING?

• The Hundred Years’ War began as a disagreement about who should be the king of France

French?• The French side supported a cousin of the deceased king of

France

English?• The English king, Edward III, who as a nephew of the

deceased French king, believed HE should be king

How did the technologies of war affect society in the Middle Ages?

• Eventually it became a fight over territory

• The British fought to GAIN French territory.

• The French fought to KEEP their land.

How did the technologies of war affect society in the Middle Ages?

Technology and Tactics

• The English has a powerful weapon that the French did not have: the longbow

• It was so powerful that it could send an arrow through the armoured leg of a mounted night, the body of his horse, and the knight’s leg on the other side!

How did the technologies of war affect society in the Middle Ages?

Why were the French defeated so often?

• Because the English archers were not fellow nobles, the French knights would sometimes refuse to attack them!

• Instead, French knights would try to ride past the archers to get at their equals (English knights).

p. 192, Fig. 6-13: Why would archers be so vital to the English victory?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9rwlvL-dafk

Why would archers be so vital to the English victory?

• The English army was much smaller than the French army, and its soldiers were hungry and sick.

• The archers gave the English army protection from French attack.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRkmdpLgLiE

Joan of Arc

• In 1429, a young peasant woman appeared at the French court, claiming angelic voices had commanded her to drive the English out of France

• The dauphin (the eldest son of the French king) gave her some troops and sent her to Orleans.

• Joan defeated the English.

Joan of Arc

• 2 years later, Joan was captured by enemies of King Charles and sold to the English.

• She was put on trial for heresy and witchcraft because she was dressed in armour (men’s clothing)

• On May 30, 1431, she was burned at the stake.

• She was 19 years old.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=38mEN34lbTw

Who won the Hundred Years’ War?And why?

The French began using more effective artillery

War technology innovations:

Lighter cannons

Iron cannonballs

Advances in gunpowder

So… how did the TECHNOLOGIES of war affect society in the Middle Ages?

• Northern France was in ruins

• England had wasted valuable resources & men

• The French nobility was destroyed

• But! They developed a strong sense of national pride.

So… how did the TECHNOLOGIES of war affect society in the Middle Ages?

• The longbow and cannon gave commoners more importance on the battlefield

• The feudal lords & knights were not as important

• Feudalism was on its way out… including knights and castles

• In the FUTURE: Kings would need large armies to fight their wars, not feudal vassals