1 UNIT II: REVOLUTIONARY ERA 2.3 THE CONSTITUTION #4 “The genius of the Constitution is found in the series of compromises which made it acceptable to.

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UNIT II: REVOLUTIONARY ERAUNIT II: REVOLUTIONARY ERA2.3 THE CONSTITUTION2.3 THE CONSTITUTION

#4 “The genius of the Constitution is found in the #4 “The genius of the Constitution is found in the series of compromises which made it acceptable series of compromises which made it acceptable to so many.” Assess the validity of this statement to so many.” Assess the validity of this statement with respect to:with respect to:

A)A)RepresentationRepresentation

B)B)PresidencyPresidency

C)C)SlaverySlavery

D)D)CommerceCommerce

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THE CONSTITUTIONTHE CONSTITUTION• I. The Constitutional ConventionI. The Constitutional Convention

– A. The DelegatesA. The Delegates

• 1. Who was there? (“demi-1. Who was there? (“demi-gods”)gods”)

• 2. Who wasn’t there? 2. Who wasn’t there? (Where’s Jefferson, John (Where’s Jefferson, John Adams, Sam Adams, Adams, Sam Adams, Patrick Henry, and John Patrick Henry, and John Hancock?)Hancock?)

• 3. Secrecy Rule3. Secrecy Rule

•Benjamin Franklin•Alexander Hamilton

•James Madison•“Father of the Constitution

•George Washington

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THE CONSTITUTIONTHE CONSTITUTION• II. The Constitutional ConventionII. The Constitutional Convention

– B. The IssuesB. The Issues

• 1. Representation1. Representation

•Virginia PlanVirginia Plan, “Large State Plan”•3 Branches•2 Houses in Legislative Branch•Representation based on Population in lower house, which then vote for members in upper house

•James Madison•Presented by Randolph

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THE CONSTITUTIONTHE CONSTITUTION• II. The Constitutional ConventionII. The Constitutional Convention

– B. The IssuesB. The Issues

• 1. Representation1. Representation•New Jersey PlanNew Jersey Plan, “Small State Plan”

•3 Branches•1 House in Legislative Branch•Each State have 1 Vote

•William Patterson

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THE CONSTITUTIONTHE CONSTITUTION• II. The Constitutional ConventionII. The Constitutional Convention

– B. The IssuesB. The Issues

• 1. Representation1. Representation•Great CompromiseGreat Compromise, (Connecticut Plan)

•3 Branches•2 Houses in Legislative Branch

•House of Representatives = Based on Population•Senate = Each State have 2

•Roger Sherman

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THE CONSTITUTIONTHE CONSTITUTION• II. The Constitutional ConventionII. The Constitutional Convention

– B. The IssuesB. The Issues

• 2. Slavery2. SlaveryOpposing ViewsOpposing Views

1.1. Northern ViewNorthern View

counted for taxation, not counted for taxation, not representationrepresentation

2.2. Southern viewSouthern view

count as person for representation, count as person for representation, but as property if taxation based on but as property if taxation based on # of people # of people

CompromisesCompromises

1.1. 3/5ths Compromise3/5ths Compromise

each slave counted as 3/5ths of a person each slave counted as 3/5ths of a person for both representation and taxationfor both representation and taxation

2.2. Slave TradeSlave Trade

Allow importation of slaves for 20 years, Allow importation of slaves for 20 years, then Congress allowed to outlaw tradethen Congress allowed to outlaw trade

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THE CONSTITUTIONTHE CONSTITUTION• II. The Constitutional ConventionII. The Constitutional Convention

– B. The IssuesB. The Issues

• 3. Election of the President3. Election of the President

Opposing ViewsOpposing Views

1.1. Congress pick Congress pick

people object & have no saypeople object & have no say

2.2. People pickPeople pick

fear too much democracy lead to fear too much democracy lead to “mobocracy”, mob rule “mobocracy”, mob rule

CompromiseCompromise

1.1. Electoral CollegeElectoral College

Each state assigned electorsEach state assigned electors

# electors based on how many # electors based on how many representatives and senators a state hasrepresentatives and senators a state has

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THE CONSTITUTIONTHE CONSTITUTION• II. The Constitutional ConventionII. The Constitutional Convention

– B. The IssuesB. The Issues

• 4. Trade4. Trade

Opposing ViewsOpposing Views

1.1. North North

Government regulate interstate Government regulate interstate commerce & foreign tradecommerce & foreign trade

2.2. SouthSouth

afraid of export taxes on afraid of export taxes on agricultural products agricultural products

CompromiseCompromise

1.1. Commercial CompromiseCommercial Compromise

Congress regulates interstate & foreign Congress regulates interstate & foreign commerce, including tariffs on importscommerce, including tariffs on imports

prohibited from placing taxes on prohibited from placing taxes on exportsexports

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• III. Checks and BalancesIII. Checks and Balances

THE CONSTITUTIONTHE CONSTITUTION

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THE CONSTITUTIONTHE CONSTITUTION• IV. Ratifying the ConstitutionIV. Ratifying the Constitution

– Federalists v. Anti-FederalistsFederalists v. Anti-Federalists

John JayJohn Jay

James MadisonJames Madison

Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton

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THE CONSTITUTIONTHE CONSTITUTION• IV. Ratifying the ConstitutionIV. Ratifying the Constitution