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1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental Technologies and Pollution Prevention »
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1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

Mar 27, 2015

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Page 1: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

1

Science Technology and Innovationin the chemicals sector:

the role of SusChem

Andrea Tilche

European CommissionDG Research

Head of the Unit « Environmental Technologies and Pollution Prevention »

Page 2: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

2

Why does R&D matter?

• 3% Action Plan (2003);

• Each Member State has set its own target for increased R&D intensity;

• Green Paper on ERA (2007);

Page 3: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

3

The landscape is

changing

Page 4: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

4 EU-27 (1) US JP CN KR Others

12.7

25.029.1

3.6

3.5

34.4

38.4

2.9

11.4

15.9

10.1

13.0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

%

1993 2005

World shares of expenditure on R&D

Page 5: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

5

Exports of High - tech products

EU-27 (1)

JP

CN

US

KR

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

%

Page 6: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

6

China leads computing exports

EU-27 (1)

JP

CN

US

KR

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

%

Page 7: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

7

EU R&D-intensity remains at structural lower level

Page 8: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

8

Stagnating R&D intensity in the EU

JP

KR

US

EU-27EU-25

CN

RU

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

R&

D in

ten

sity

(G

ER

D a

s %

of

GD

P)

Page 9: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

9

Although some MS recorded impressive progress

EU-25EU-27

CZ

DKDE

AT

FI

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

4,0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

%

Progress not monopoly of ‘catching-up’ countries (e.g.CZ)

Also high R&D intensive countries were able to further increase their high R&D intensity

Page 10: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

10

R&D intensity: 4 groups of countries

R&D intensity

Belgium

Bulgaria

Czech Republic

Denmark

Germany

Estonia

Ireland

Greece

Spain

France

Italy

Cyprus

Latvia

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Hungary

Malta

Netherlands

Austria

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Slovenia

Slovakia

Finland

Sweden

UK

EU-27

SI

SK

EU-27

CZ

NL

DK

UK

EL

MT

FI

ES AT

RO IT

DE

LV

PL

IE

LU

PT

BG

FR

HU

EE

CY

LT

SEBE

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0

R&D intensity in 2005

Gro

wth

of

R&

D i

nte

ns

ity

, 2

00

0-2

00

5

Falling behind Losing momentum

Pulling aheadCatching up

Page 11: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

11

Distance-to-target for each individual Member State

0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0

EU-27 (1)

Romania

Cyprus

Slovakia

Poland

Latvia

Malta

Greece

Lithuania

Portugal

Hungary

Estonia

Italy

Spain

Slovenia

Ireland

Czech Republic

Luxembourg

UK

Netherlands

Belgium

France

Austria

Denmark

Germany

Finland

Sweden

Situation in 2005 Target 2010

Page 12: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

12

The gap is mainly in the private sector

Page 13: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

13

Is low R&D-intensity a result of lack of

dynamism of EU’s industrial structure ?

Page 14: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

14

• 85% gap is due to low business investment

• structural differences between EU-US – medium-tech industries dominate in the EU

Page 15: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

15

Sectoral composition of R&D in EU and US (2005)

Page 16: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

16

BERD(Business enterprise expenditure on R&D)

and Value Added

Page 17: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

17

BERD as % of Value Added

Page 18: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

18

BERD of SMEs

However, R&D intensity is 0.34% in the EU and 0.68% (the double) in the US

Page 19: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

19

Share of World top 1000 Companies (in terms of market

capitalisation) created since 1980

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

EU US

Substantial differences in growth path of high-tech SME’s …

70% of these US large Cies created after 1980 are active in ICT sectors

Page 20: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

20

Public and private R&D are fully

complementary

Page 21: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

21

Countries with high involvement of private sector in funding of R&D have also the highest levels of government-funded R&D

DK

UK

FISE

BG

FR

AT

SIPL

EU-27

CZ

BE

LT

EL

MT

HU

ES

LU

PT

IT

CY

EE

NL

SK

DE

IE

LV

RO

IS

IL

NO

TR

CH

HR

0,0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5

GERD financed by business sector (as % of GDP)

GE

RD

fin

an

ce

d b

y g

ov

ern

me

nt

(as

% o

f G

DP

)

Page 22: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

22

Research Excellence: EU remains second behind the US, but

scores relatively well in traditional disciplines

Page 23: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

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Research excellence: the EU is world’s first producer of scientific knowledge

1,3

1,3

1,3

1,8

2,0

1,7

3,6

2,8

4,4

3,8

9,4

33,6

39,3

1,2

1,6

1,7

1,8

2,4

2,7

2,8

2,9

4,5

6,4

8,7

32,8

38,1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Israel

Taiwan

Brazil

Sw itzerland

India

Republic of Korea

Russia

Australia

Canada

China (2)

Japan

US

EU-25

2000 2004

Page 24: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

24

Citation index

Page 25: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

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However, …

Other parts of the world are getting to be more specialised in chemistry

Page 26: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

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Knowledge flows from Science to

Technology weaker in the EU

Page 27: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

27

Technological innovations rely more on US science than on EU science

29,8

22,3

53,4

64,2

0,0

10,0

20,0

30,0

40,0

50,0

60,0

70,0

EPO patents USPTO patents

%

EU-25EU-25 US US

This graph:

Share of EU and US scientific publications cited in biotech patents

Data in other technological fields show similar patterns

Page 28: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

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From Science to high-tech, high-growth

industries: the case of nanotechnology

Page 29: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

29

Public funding of nanotech R&D similar or higher than competitors

Figure I.6.1 Public and private funding of nanotechnology R&D, 2006

665

1275

1490500

975 1091

1150 1931

1704

631

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

EU US Japan Others

US

$ (m

illio

ns)

EC / US federal Government Private

Page 30: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

30

Nanotech companies are bigger in the US

Average size of Nanotech companies in leading countries (turnover in US$ million)

Page 31: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

31

How to reverse this trend?

• INNOVATION is the only European asset that can make the difference

• Open innovation schemes• More investments in high-tech sectors• Start-up programmes in Universities

linked to chemical entrepreneurship programmes

• Promotion of Public-Private-Partnerships• Better exploitation of funding

opportunities along the innovation chain

• Focus on excellence – clusters and regions

Page 32: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

32

Technology platforms: a key instrument for a new competitiveness policy• They build strategic partnerships between the public and

private sector, the academia, the civil society• Through this, they should reduce the risk in investing on

research, creating a better environment for the increase of private investments

• They provide roadmaps for planning “incremental” innovation

• They act as fora for strategic thinking towards “radical” innovation

• And improve the diffusion of sustainable technologies also suggesting how to overcome regulatory barriers, to define new procurement rules, economic instruments, etc.

Page 33: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

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How Technology Platforms may contribute to FP7

• Technology Platforms are generating the political momentum for a stronger industrial participation in the Framework Programme

• Several TPs, among which the SusChem, are cited in the FP and in the SP text as one of the sources of the FP7 research agenda

• Major contributions are given in the phase of preparation of the work programmes

Page 34: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

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The importance of SusChem

• It was able to mobilise stakeholders around key objectives

• It produced important and substantial documents, from the vision, to the strategic research agenda, to the implementation plan

• It should evolve through a more capillar organisation at national/regional level, in order to better involve SMEs and local actors

• It should extend its scope towards innovation leadership issues (possible recommendation from the HLG)

Page 35: 1 Science Technology and Innovation in the chemicals sector: the role of SusChem Andrea Tilche European Commission DG Research Head of the Unit « Environmental.

Thanks for your attention!

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